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2 Enriched Stable Isotopes http://www.nap.edu/catalog/4818.html We ship printed books within 1 business day; personal PDFs are available immediately. Isotopes for Medicine and the Life Sciences S. James Adelstein and Frederick J. Manning, Editors; Committee on Biomedical Isotopes, Institute of Medicine ISBN: 0-309-58764-6, 144 pages, 6 x 9, (1995) This PDF is available from the National Academies Press at: http://www.nap.edu/catalog/4818.html Visit the National Academies Press online, the authoritative source for all books from the National Academy of Sciences, the National Academy of Engineering, the Institute of Medicine, and the National Research Council: • Download hundreds of free books in PDF • Read thousands of books online for free • Explore our innovative research tools – try the “Research Dashboard” now! • Sign up to be notified when new books are published • Purchase printed books and selected PDF files Thank you for downloading this PDF. 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Request reprint permission for this book. i ined, a he original t be ret ion. om r f Isotopes for Medicine ibut r t cannot not r at o f and the Life Sciences book, however, version ng, i t at ive at rm riginal paper it o f c hor i f he o t om Committee on Biomedical Isotopes r he aut f ng-speci Division of Health Sciences Policy http://www.nap.edu/catalog/4818.html Isotopes forMedicineandtheLifeSciences as t ed i t ion INSTITUTE OF MEDICINE peset y iles creat L f her t M is publicat h X t of om and ot r f yles, S. James Adelstein and Frederick J. Manning, Editors version posed Copyright © National Academy ofSciences. Allrights reserved. print e recom h heading st t use has been ease l P word breaks, work ed. hs, insert original e h ally t line lengt ion of at accident he original; t o been ue t l represent r a y have a are t m is new digit errors breaks h T age ile: P f F pographic iles. D y f P t e ng is i t h t NATIONAL ACADEMY PRESS som peset bout y Washington, D.C. 1995 and t A ii ined, a NATIONAL ACADEMY PRESS 2101 Constitution Avenue, N.W. Washington, DC 20418 he original t NOTICE: The project that is the subject of this report was approved by the Governing Board of the be ret National Research Council, whose members are drawn from the councils of the National Academy ion. om r f of Sciences, the National Academy of Engineering, and the Institute of Medicine. The members of ibut r the committee responsible for this report were chosen for their special competencies and with regard t cannot not for appropriate balance. r at o This report has been reviewed by a group other than the authors according to procedures f book, approved by a Report Review Committee consisting of members of the National Academy of Sci- ences, the National Academy of Engineering, and the Institute of Medicine. however, The Institute of Medicine was chartered in 1970 by the National Academy of Sciences to enlist version ng, i t distinguished members of the appropriate professions in the examination of policy matters pertain- at ive ing to the health of the public. In this, the Institute acts under both the Academy's 1863 congres- at rm riginal paper it sional charter responsibility to be an adviser to the federal government and its own initiative in iden- o f c tifying issues of medical care, research, and education. Dr. Kenneth I. Shine is president of the Insti- hor i f he o t tute of Medicine. Support for this project was provided by the U.S. Department of Energy (Grant No. DE- om r he aut f FG02-93ER61702). This support does not constitute an endorsement by the U.S. Department of ng-speci http://www.nap.edu/catalog/4818.html Isotopes forMedicineandtheLifeSciences as t ed Energy of the views expressed in the report. i t Library of Congress Catalog Card Number 94-74964 ion peset International Standard Book Number 0-309-05190-8 y iles creat Additional copies of this report are available from: National Academy Press 2101 Constitution L f her t Avenue, N.W. Box 285 Washington, DC 20055 Call 800-624-6242 or 202-334-3313 (in the Wash- M is publicat ington Metropolitan Area) h X t of om B502 and ot r f Copyright 1995 by the National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved. yles, Printed in the United States of America version posed Copyright © National Academy ofSciences. Allrights reserved. The serpent has been a symbol of long life, healing, and knowledge among almost all cultures print and religions since the beginning of recorded history. The image adopted as a logotype by the Insti- e recom h heading st t tute of Medicine is based on a relief carving from ancient Greece, now held by the Staatlichemuseen in Berlin. use First Printing, December 1989 Second Printing, June 1990 has been ease Third Printing, January 1991 l P Fourth Printing, March 1995 word breaks, work ed. hs, insert original e h ally t line lengt ion of at accident he original; t o been ue t l represent r a y have a are t m is new digit errors breaks h T age ile: P f F pographic iles. D y f P t e ng is i t h t som peset bout y and t A iii ined, a he original t COMMITTEE ON BIOMEDICAL ISOTOPES be ret ion. om r f ibut r S. JAMES ADELSTEIN (Chair), Cabot Professor of Medical Biophysics, Dean t cannot not r at for Academic Programs, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts o f THOMAS F. BUDINGER, Henry Miller Professor of Medical Research, book, Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, Department of Electrical Engineering and however, version ng, Computer Science, University of California, Berkeley, California i t at ive R. EDWARD COLEMAN, Professor of Radiology and Director, Nuclear at rm riginal paper it Medicine, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina o f c hor i DARLA DANFORD, Senior Nutrition Science Advisor, Office of Disease f he o t Prevention and Health Promotion, Office of the Assistant Secretary for om r he aut f Health, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Washington, D.C. ng-speci http://www.nap.edu/catalog/4818.html Isotopes forMedicineandtheLifeSciences as t ed i t WILLIAM C. ECKELMAN, Chief, Positron Emission Tomography Department, ion National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, peset y JERRY A. NOLEN, JR., Director of ATLAS, Argonne National Laboratory, iles creat Argonne, Illinois L f her t M is publicat LEE L. RIEDINGER, Associate Vice Chancellor for Research, University of h X t Tennessee. Knoxville, Tennessee of om and ot r f THOMAS J. RUTH, Director, Positron Emission Tomography Program, yles, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada version posed Copyright © National Academy ofSciences. Allrights reserved. LEE S. SCHROEDER, Senior Physicist, Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, print Berkeley, California e recom h heading st t MICHAEL J. WELCH, Professor of Radiology and Director, Division of Radiation Sciences, Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington use University Medical School, St. Louis, Missouri has been ease l STEVEN W. YATES, Professor, Department of Chemistry, University of P word breaks, work Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky ed. hs, insert original Study Staff e h ally t line lengt VALERIE P. SETLOW, Division Director FREDERICK J. MANNING, Study Director ion of at accident JOSEPH S. CASSELLS, Senior Program Officer he original; A. EVERETTE JAMES, Senior Program Officer t o been SUSAN MORGAN, Project Assistant ue t l represent r MARGO CULLEN, Project Assistant a y have a are t m is new digit errors breaks h T age ile: P f F pographic iles. D y f P t e ng is i t h t som peset bout y and t A iv ined, a he original t be ret ion. om r f ibut r t cannot not r at o f book, however, version ng, i t at ive at rm riginal paper it o f c hor i f he o t om r he aut f ng-speci http://www.nap.edu/catalog/4818.html Isotopes forMedicineandtheLifeSciences as t ed i t ion peset y iles creat L f her t M is publicat h X t of om and ot r f yles, version posed Copyright © National Academy ofSciences. Allrights reserved. print e recom h heading st t use has been ease l P word breaks, work ed. hs, insert original e h ally t line lengt ion of at accident he original; t o been ue t l represent r a y have a are t m is new digit errors breaks h T age ile: P f F pographic iles. D y f P t e ng is i t h t som peset bout y and t A PREFACE v ined, a he original t be ret Preface ion. om r f ibut r t cannot not r at o f book, however, version ng, i t at ive Few members of the general public are fully aware of the extent to which the at rm riginal paper it o f atomic age affects their everyday lives.
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