Download (2310Kb)
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
Fortress Europe: the Ym Th Martin Bangemann
Northwestern Journal of International Law & Business Volume 9 Issue 3 Winter Winter 1989 Fortress Europe: The yM th Martin Bangemann Follow this and additional works at: http://scholarlycommons.law.northwestern.edu/njilb Part of the International Trade Commons Recommended Citation Martin Bangemann, Fortress Europe: The yM th, 9 Nw. J. Int'l L. & Bus. 480 (1988-1989) This Article is brought to you for free and open access by Northwestern University School of Law Scholarly Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Northwestern Journal of International Law & Business by an authorized administrator of Northwestern University School of Law Scholarly Commons. Fortress Europe: The Myth Martin Bangemann * The anticipation of the 1992 continental-wide market has already had an unexpected effect: one-third of the average 3.7% increase in eco- nomic growth of the European Community for 1988 is the result of in- vestors anticipating the big market.' This is the clearest signal the business community could make to show its confidence in Europe. This is the beginning of the most extensive exercise of deregulation the Euro- pean Community has experienced since its creation in the 1950s. Every- body agrees that it is an irreversible trend. Long gone is the "benign neglect" of those on Wall Street and Penn- sylvania Avenue that led the United States press to coin the sinister "Europessimism" concept of the early 1980s. Indeed, during last year, many East Coast analysts depicted Europe as a five trillion dollar econ- omy, thus granting the EC the economic powerhouse status it deserves.2 But awe often goes hand in hand with envy, which has resulted in the fashionable East Coast notion of "Fortress Europe." Before killing this myth, one crucial but often forgotten issue must be clarified: there is indeed nothing more legitimate for the Community than wanting to achieve one single market, abolishing national frontiers, and letting goods, persons, services and capital circulate freely. -
Inhalt Vier Jahrzehnte Liberaler Politik
Inhalt WOLFGANG MISCHNICK Zum Geleit 9 OTTO GRAF LAMBSDORFF Vorwort 13 Vier Jahrzehnte liberaler Politik HEINO KAACK Die FDP im politischen System der Bundesrepublik Deutschland 19 Die Gründung der Freien Demokratischen Partei DIETER HEIN Der Weg nach Heppenheim 1945-1948 48 THEO RÜTTEN Von der Plattform-Partei zur Partei des _ liberalen Programms 1949-1957 66 Zeitzeugen: Liberale der ersten Stunde GÜNTHER SERFAS Gespräch mit Wolfgang Haußmann (März 1988) 81 HELGA LERCH Der Abgeordnete und Unternehmer Karl Atzenroth 93 http://d-nb.info/881467189 6 Inhalt Zwischen Opposition und Regierung ig$7-1967 UDO WENGST Mit und gegen Adenauer und Erhard 102 FRITZ FLISZAR Mit der FDPregieren Ein Gespräch mit Erich Mende (7. Juni 1988) 125 DANIEL KOERFER Schwierige Geburten: Die Regierungsbildungen 1961, 1962, 1963 und 1965 156 Die Liberalen von 1967 bis heute ULRICH WILDERMUTH Von der FDP zur F.D.P. 194 HARTMUT HAUSMANN Die Freiburger Thesen 21 j GERD RAUHAUS In der sozial-liberalen Koalition 229 JOHANNES MERCK Von der sozial-liberalen zur bürgerlich-liberalen Koalition 246 Themen und Perspektiven liberaler Politik MARTIN BANGEMANN Liberale Wirtschaftspolitik 285 IRMGARD ADAM-SCHWAETZER Die Kontinuität liberaler Außenpolitik 297 GERHART RUDOLF BAUM Liberaler Rechtsstaat 308 DIETER-JULIUS CRONENBERG Liberale Gesellschaftspolitik 323 Inhalt GUIDO WESTERWELLE Die Jungen Liberalen 342 HELMUT HAUSSMANN Perspektiven des Liberalismus 347 ACHIM RHODE Die FDP in Ländern und Kommunen 364 Die FDP und die liberale Tradition WOLFGANG J. MOMMSEN Zwei Jahrhunderte -
Association of Accredited Lobbyists to the European Parliament
ASSOCIATION OF ACCREDITED LOBBYISTS TO THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT OVERVIEW OF EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT FORUMS AALEP Secretariat Date: October 2007 Avenue Milcamps 19 B-1030 Brussels Tel: 32 2 735 93 39 E-mail: [email protected] Website: www.lobby-network.eu TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction………………………………………………………………..3 Executive Summary……………………………………………………….4-7 1. European Energy Forum (EEF)………………………………………..8-16 2. European Internet Forum (EIF)………………………………………..17-27 3. European Parliament Ceramics Forum (EPCF………………………...28-29 4. European Parliamentary Financial Services Forum (EPFSF)…………30-36 5. European Parliament Life Sciences Circle (ELSC)……………………37 6. Forum for Automobile and Society (FAS)…………………………….38-43 7. Forum for the Future of Nuclear Energy (FFNE)……………………..44 8. Forum in the European Parliament for Construction (FOCOPE)……..45-46 9. Pharmaceutical Forum…………………………………………………48-60 10.The Kangaroo Group…………………………………………………..61-70 11.Transatlantic Policy Network (TPN)…………………………………..71-79 Conclusions………………………………………………………………..80 Index of Listed Companies………………………………………………..81-90 Index of Listed MEPs……………………………………………………..91-96 Most Active MEPs participating in Business Forums…………………….97 2 INTRODUCTION Businessmen long for certainty. They long to know what the decision-makers are thinking, so they can plan ahead. They yearn to be in the loop, to have the drop on things. It is the genius of the lobbyists and the consultants to understand this need, and to satisfy it in the most imaginative way. Business forums are vehicles for forging links and maintain a dialogue with business, industrial and trade organisations. They allow the discussions of general and pre-legislative issues in a different context from lobbying contacts about specific matters. They provide an opportunity to get Members of the European Parliament and other decision-makers from the European institutions together with various business sectors. -
1 European/American Relations Over the S.D.I
1 EUROPEAN/AMERICAN RELATIONS OVER THE S.D.I. CHARLES J. BALL Submitted for the Ph.D. Degree London School of Economics University of London July 1991 UMI Number: U042872 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. Disscrrlation Publishing UMI U042872 Published by ProQuest LLC 2014. Copyright in the Dissertation held by the Author. Microform Edition © ProQuest LLC. All rights reserved. This work is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States Code. ProQuest LLC 789 East Eisenhower Parkway P.O. Box 1346 Ann Arbor, Ml 48106-1346 I H F POLITICAL W o A o. tOMlC^ yâ.\\L\Z<S\-yi ABSTRACT This thesis examines the dispute that arose between the United States and key European members of NATO (Britain, West Germany and France) over the Strategic Defense Initiative (SDI). The debate is traced from its inception on March 23, 1983, when Reagan announced his decision to accelerate ballistic missile defence research, to the eclipse of SDI as a major source of transatlantic and international controversy when Presidents Reagan and Gorbachev signed the INF Treaty in December 1987. The transatlantic SDI debate is investigated to determine: (1) the underlying cause, or reasons, for the controversy, (2) how the Alliance managed the differences which arose, and (3) how East- West relations affected the manner in which the controversy was handled. -
Report on Europe and the Global Information Society
Bulletin of the European Union Supplement 2/94 Growth, competitiveness and employment White Paper follow-up Report on Europe and the global information society Interim report on trans-European networks Progress report on employment Extracts of the conclusions of the Presidency of the Corfu European Council This document reproduces the infonnation society report on pages 5-39 and the Presidency conclusions on pages 126- 134. The other two reports are available as separate documents on AEI-EU. Blank page not reproduced: 8 European Commission Cataloguing data can be found at the end of this publication Luxembourg: Office for Official Publications of the European Communities, 1994 ISBN 92-826-8547- (Q ECSC-EC-EAEC, Brussels. Luxembourg, 1994 Reproduction is authorized, except for commercial purposes, provided the source is acknowledged Printed in Germany General contents Europe and the global information society Recommendations of the high-level group on the information society to the Corfu European Council (Bangemann group) Trans-European networks Interim report of the chairman of the group of personal representatives of the Heads of State or Government to the Corfu European Council (Christophersen group) Progress report on employment 103 Results of Mr Flynn s tour of capitals Extracts of the conclusions of the Presidency of the Corfu European Council (24 and 25 June 1994) 125 S. 2/94 Europe and the global information society Recommendations of the high-level group on the information society to the Corfu European Council (Bangemann group) In its Brussels meeting of December 1993, the European Council requested that a report be prepared for its meeting on 24 and 25 June 1994 in Corfu by a group of prominent persons on the specific measures to be taken into consideration by the Community and the Member States for the infrastructures in the sphere of information. -
Download the List of Participants
46 LIST OF PARTICIPANTS Socialfst International BULGARIA CZECH AND SLOVAK FED. FRANCE Pierre Maurey Bulgarian Social Democratic REPUBLIC Socialist Party, PS Luis Ayala Party, BSDP Social Democratic Party of Laurent Fabius Petar Dertliev Slovakia Gerard Fuchs Office of Willy Brandt Petar Kornaiev Jan Sekaj Jean-Marc Ayrault Klaus Lindenberg Dimit rin Vic ev Pavol Dubcek Gerard Collomb Dian Dimitrov Pierre Joxe Valkana Todorova DENMARK Yvette Roudy Georgi Kabov Social Democratic Party Pervenche Beres Tchavdar Nikolov Poul Nyrup Rasmussen Bertrand Druon FULL MEMBER PARTIES Stefan Radoslavov Lasse Budtz Renee Fregosi Ralf Pittelkow Brigitte Bloch ARUBA BURKINA FASO Henrik Larsen Alain Chenal People's Electoral Progressive Front of Upper Bj0rn Westh Movement, MEP Volta, FPV Mogens Lykketoft GERMANY Hyacinthe Rudolfo Croes Joseph Ki-Zerbo Social Democratic Party of DOMINICAN REPUBLIC Germany, SPD ARGENTINA CANADA Dominican Revolutionary Bjorn Entolm Popular Socialist Party, PSP New Democratic Party, Party, PRD Hans-Joe en Vogel Guillermo Estevez Boero NDP/NPD Jose Francisco Pena Hans-Ulrich Klose Ernesto Jaimovich Audrey McLaughlin Gomez Rosemarie Bechthum Eduardo Garcia Tessa Hebb Hatuey de Camps Karlheinz Blessing Maria del Carmen Vinas Steve Lee Milagros Ortiz Bosch Hans-Eberhard Dingels Julie Davis Leonor Sanchez Baret Freimut Duve AUSTRIA Lynn Jones Tirso Mejia Ricart Norbert Gansel Social Democratic Party of Rejean Bercier Peg%:'. Cabral Peter Glotz Austria, SPOe Diane O'Reggio Luz el Alba Thevenin Ingamar Hauchler Franz Vranitzky Keith -
The Importance of Osthandel: West German-Soviet Trade and the End of the Cold War, 1969-1991
The Importance of Osthandel: West German-Soviet Trade and the End of the Cold War, 1969-1991 Dissertation Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of the Ohio State University By Charles William Carter, M.A. Graduate Program in History The Ohio State University 2012 Dissertation Committee: Professor Carole Fink, Advisor Professor Mansel Blackford Professor Peter Hahn Copyright by Charles William Carter 2012 Abstract Although the 1970s was the era of U.S.-Soviet détente, the decade also saw West Germany implement its own form of détente: Ostpolitik. Trade with the Soviet Union (Osthandel) was a major feature of Ostpolitik. Osthandel, whose main feature was the development of the Soviet energy-export infrastructure, was part of a broader West German effort aimed at promoting intimate interaction with the Soviets in order to reduce tension and resolve outstanding Cold War issues. Thanks to Osthandel, West Germany became the USSR’s most important capitalist trading partner, and several oil and natural gas pipelines came into existence because of the work of such firms as Mannesmann and Thyssen. At the same time, Moscow’s growing emphasis on developing energy for exports was not a prudent move. A lack of economic diversification resulted, a development that helped devastate the USSR’s economy after the oil price collapse of 1986 and, in the process, destabilize the communist bloc. Against this backdrop, the goals of some West German Ostpolitik advocates—especially German reunification and a peaceful resolution to the Cold War—occurred. ii Dedication Dedicated to my father, Charles William Carter iii Acknowledgements This project has been several years in the making, and many individuals have contributed to its completion. -
Germany Long Form
10/3/93 (Final alterations: 6/11/99) GERMANY Data on Party Leadership Change (from Leader A to Leader B) First Form for Party Party: Christian Democratic Union Party Founding Date: October, 1950 Long Record #: G.C.0 Change#: 0 A. Venue of Leadership Position(s) of leadership involved: Chancellor or Party Chairman B. Identification/Characteristics of Leaders Leader A: Konrad Adenauer Characteristics of Leader A at time of leadership change: Birthdate: January, 1876 (Former) occupation: Assistant state prosecutor, city administrator, deputy for the city of Cologne, Chairman of the British Zone. Faction/tendency identified with (if any): None Other relevant information on the new leader's character, orientation, leadership style, etc.: Strongly anti-utopian and was fundamental in pushing for a more pragmatic platform. Highly influential party leader. 10/3/93 (Final alterations: 6/11/99) GERMANY Data on Party Leadership Change (from Leader A to Leader B) Party: Christian Democratic Union Long Record #: G.C.1 Change #: 1 Date of Change: October, 1963 A. Venue of Leadership Position(s) of leadership involved: Chancellor or Party Chairman B. Identification/Characteristics of Leaders Leader A: Konrad Adenauer (See previous record for detailed information on Leader A) Leader B: Ludwig Erhard Characteristics of Leader B at time of leadership change: Birthdate: February 4, 1897 (Former) occupation: Trained in economics and sociology, he joined the staff of Nuremberg Business school from 1928-1942. Removed by Nazis for refusal to join party. After war, he joined the government as an economist. Faction/tendency identified with (if any): None Other relevant information on the new leader's character, orientation, leadership style, etc.: Promoted a "social market economy," favored free markets, but controls on monopoly, cartels and labor unions. -
"Trade and the Single Car Market: the EC-Japan Elements of Consensus
Trade and the Single Car Market: The EC-Japan Elements of Consensus, 1985-1999 Grace Ballor Working Paper 21-145 Trade and the Single Car Market: The EC-Japan Elements of Consensus, 1985-1999 Grace Ballor Harvard Business School Working Paper 21-145 Copyright © 2021 by Grace Ballor. Working papers are in draft form. This working paper is distributed for purposes of comment and discussion only. It may not be reproduced without permission of the copyright holder. Copies of working papers are available from the author. Funding for this research was provided in part by Harvard Business School. Trade and the Single Car Market: The EC-Japan Elements of Consensus, 1985-1999 Grace Ballor Harvard Business School On 18 July 1991, representatives from the European Community (EC) and Japan met at the Hague to sign a Joint Declaration. The two sides agreed to “strengthen their co-operation and partnership in order that the challenges of the future may be met,” deepening their commitment to cooperation after years of confrontation over trade deficits.1 Among the themes of the new partnership were pledges to coordinate their positions on a wide range of transnational challenges, from the environment and terrorism to the support of newly autonomous Central and Eastern European countries. But the crux of the agreement was oriented around the affirmation of “their common attachment to market principles, [and] the promotion of free trade.” By ensuring equitable access to their respective markets and removing obstacles to trade and investment, the EC and -
REY Commission (1967-1970)
COMPOSITION OF THE COMMISSION 1958-2004 HALLSTEIN Commission (1958-1967) REY Commission (1967-1970) MALFATTI – MANSHOLT Commission (1970-1973) ORTOLI Commission (1973-1977) JENKINS Commission (1977-1981) THORN Commission (1981-1985) DELORS Commission (1985) DELORS Commission (1986-1988) DELORS Commission (1989-1995) SANTER Commission (1995-1999) PRODI Commission (1999-2004) HALLSTEIN COMMISSION 1 January 1958 – 30 June 1967 TITLE RESPONSIBLITIES REPLACEMENT (Date appointed) Walter HALLSTEIN President Administration Sicco L. MANSHOLT Vice-President Agriculture Robert MARJOLIN Vice-President Economics and Finance Piero MALVESTITI Vice-President Internal Market Guiseppe CARON (resigned September 1959) (24 November 1959) (resigned 15 May 1963) Guido COLONNA di PALIANO (30 July 1964) Robert LEMAIGNEN Member Overseas Development Henri ROCHEREAU (resigned January 1962) (10 January 1962) Jean REY Member External Relations Hans von der GROEBEN Member Competition Guiseppe PETRILLI Member Social Affairs Lionello LEVI-SANDRI (resigned September 1960) (8 February 1961) named Vice-president (30 July 1064) Michel RASQUIN (died 27 April 1958) Member Transport Lambert SCHAUS (18 June 1958) REY COMMISSION 2 July 1967 – 1 July 1970 TITLE RESPONSIBLITIES REPLACEMENT (Date appointed) Jean REY President Secretariat General Legal Service Spokesman’s Service Sicco L. MANSHOLT Vice-president Agriculture Lionelle LEVI SANDRI Vice-president Social Affairs Personnel/Administration Fritz HELLWIG Vice-president Research and Technology Distribution of Information Joint -
Download Download
Gerry Alons Radboud University Nijmegen Citation Alons, G. (2013). ‘European External Trade Policy: The Role of Ideas in German Preference Formation’, Journal of Contemporary European Research. 9 (4), pp. 501-520. First published at: www.jcer.net Volume 9, Issue 4 (2013) jcer.net Gerry Alons In the literature examining European Union external trade policy, the relative influence of the Commission, the member states and interest groups are an issue of ongoing debate. This article will argue that member states can still play an important role and that a focus on member state preferences is therefore crucial in understanding European external trade policy in general. An interest-based explanation of state preferences is proposed in which both material (political and economic) and ideational variables are included, whereas material explanations alone dominate the current research in the trade policy field. An in-depth case study of German preference formation and position taking with regard to the agricultural chapter of the GATT Uruguay Round (1986-1993) shows the interplay between material and ideational interest. As well as German preference formation being guided by Germany’s trade interests and political interests (particularly when these interests were united and governmental sensitivity was high), considerations concerning the Franco-German friendship, affecting Germany’s ideational interest, also proved to be a constant in the preference-formation process. Germany; European trade policy; GATT Uruguay Round; Agriculture This article investigates German preferences with regard to the agricultural chapter of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) Uruguay Round (1986-1993) and its role in European Union (EU) position taking in these negotiations.1 In the literature explaining European trade policy, the relative influence of the Commission, the member states and interest groups is an issue of ongoing debate. -
Expedition EUROPE Young People’S Views on Tomorrow’S Europe
Expedition EUROPE Young people’s views on tomorrow’s Europe. Deze publicatie is ook beschikbaar in het Nederlands. Cette publication est également disponible en français. Diese Veröffentlichung ist auch in Deutsch erhältlich. Contents Preface 4 Introduction 5 Objectives and an account 6 Viewpoints 6 How the European Union works 14 6 Enlargement of the European Union 22 6 Key values within the European model 28 6 The future of Europe 36 Panel that selected the young Belgians 43 The young people and their mentors 44 The Prince Philippe Fund 52 Preface I am both honoured and grateful to be able to present to you, on behalf of the Board of Governors of the Prince Philippe Fund, this report on Expedition Europe. Expedition Europe has been a fascinating experience for the many people who took part in it. Over a peri- Mr Philippe Busquin, European Commissioner, who od of several months, young people debated, devel- were present to introduce and stimulate the debate; oped ideas and gave their creativity free rein. In this and Baron de Schoutheete de Tervarent, Baron and report you can read a polished version of these bright Baroness Snoy, Belgacom, the National Bank of plans for the future. Belgium, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, the Ryckevelde Foundation and the Belgian Armed In response to the call from the heads of state and Forces, who provided the necessary guidance and government at the summit in Nice, a group of 100 logistical support. young Belgians developed a vision of the Europe of tomorrow. They then sent it to the other 14 European Above all, the Board of Governors would like to Member States, where others of the same age dis- express its gratitude to HRH Prince Philippe, who cussed and analysed the texts, amending them where guided the process and was present at all the events.