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Marketing Fragment 6 X 10.5.T65 Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-85503-7 - Mesolithic Europe Edited by Geoff Bailey and Penny Spikins Index More information Index Abinger, 149 technology, 134, 141 Abora, 34, 40, 45, 56, 362 antler point industry, 24 Abri du Loschbour, 166 Araguina-Sennola, 193 Addaura, 349, 368 architecture, 256. See dwellings, structures, houses adzes, 112, 148, 174, 294, 295 Arctic Ocean, 90, 280, 298 chubby, 78, 81, 83, 101, 104 armatures, 112, 132, 293, 299, 31 0 , 333, 339, flake, 74, 78, 103, 365 346 Nøstvet, 81, 101 Dufour, 311 perforated, 208 Kukrekian, 291, 294 shoe-last, 113, 125, 128 rhombic, 112 stone, 101, 178 trapezoid, 112 unperforated, 208 Arora, S., 161, 173, 215 Vespesta, 81, 83 arrow shafts, 32, 358, 359 Aegean islands, 1 arrowheads. See microliths Agerod,¨ 119 arrows, 112, 113, 184, 216, 264, 280, 311 agriculture, 4, 5, 34, 61, 62, 105, 110, 119, 127, 179, 223, transverse, 102 268, 269, 277, 281, 299, 301, 302, 304, 326, 363, art, 46–53, 166, 202, 219, 239, 278, 313 , 349–352, 364, 370. See also Neolithic transition, 367–369. See also ornamentation domestication, cereals, farming figurative, 298, 350 Ahrensburgian, 73, 74, 78, 86, 110, 112, 163, 194, 195, Levantine, 349, 368 358, 365 parietal, 202, 349, 352 Al Poux, 198 artefact typology, 132, 241 Allee´ Tortue, 194 artefacts, zoomorphic, 47–48 Allerød, 65 Åsgarden, 1, 93, 365 alliance network, 147 Asturian, 304, 314 –318 , 324, 360, 365 Almonda, 322 Atlantic fac¸ade, 41, 302, 304, 327 amber, 34, 35, 40, 51, 57, 112, 113, 116, Atlantic period, 19, 66, 162, 194, 283, 318 , 319 , 369 325 An Corran Rockshelter, 154 Atlantic phase, 184, 31 0 , 316 , 319 , 324 Ancylus Lake, 6, 108 Atlantic Scandinavia, 60 Andersen, S., 112, 113, 115, 117–122, 126, Aux Champins, 195 128 Aveline’s Hole, 147, 368 Anseremme, 166 awls, 191, 230, 234, 263, 295, 316 , antler, 16, 27, 30, 31 , 112, 113, 124, 134, 140, 144, 147, 165, 320 174, 190, 191, 208, 210, 216, 219, 232, 234, 252, axes, 112, 129, 148, 165, 294, 295, 320, 359 254, 263, 289, 294, 295, 320, 332, 335, 358–360, antler, 22, 24, 32, 112, 174, 191, 208 365, 367 battle, 115 bevel-ended tool, 148 cobble, 314 , 360 industries, 174 copper, 128 mattocks, 147 core, 23, 27, 110, 112, 113, 163 perforated, 324 flake, 22, 27, 61, 78, 112, 115, 173 453 © Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-85503-7 - Mesolithic Europe Edited by Geoff Bailey and Penny Spikins Index More information Index axes (cont.) eagle, 117 greenstone, 112 goosander, 117 ground, 24 goose, 83, 117 handles, 32 grebe, 117 Kunda type, 294 gull, 118 Lyngby Axe, 24, 141 honey buzzard, 300 Nøstvet, 102 kittiwake, 100 perforated, 208 mallard, 117 polished, 24 remains, 145, 230, 325 polished flint, 128 sparrow hawk, 300 polished stone, 35, 54, 129, 151 swan, 10, 45, 47, 117, 118, 209, 295 semi-polished, 23, 61 water birds, 44 sleeves, 165, 174 waterfowl, 21, 29, 36, 47, 117, 118, 262, 294, 295, 313 , T-shaped antler, 27, 127, 174 339 unperforated, 208 wood pigeon, 300 zoomorphic, 45 Birkenkopf, 213 Azilian, 183, 207, 245, 304, 311 –313 , 315 , 317 , 318 , 324, 325, Birsmatten, 205, 217 332, 345, 346, 350, 352, 360 Bjerck, H., 4, 6–8, 10, 12, 22, 23, 25, 60, 63, 64, 68, Aziloid, 332 72–74, 78, 80, 84–90, 92, 93, 96, 98, 99, 152 , 302, 359–361, 365, 366, 368, 369 Bac´ın Hill, 232, 236 Bjørnsholm, 118, 120, 121 Baden-Wurttemberg,¨ 12, 203, 217, 219 Black Sea, 6, 203, 262, 280, 281, 283, 294, 347, 360, 362 Bailey,G., 10, 17, 157 , 278, 317 , 349, 357, 364, 365, 369, 370 bladelets, 132, 185, 190, 208, 287, 314 , 320 Balma Abeurador, 344, 362 backed, 194, 295, 304, 31 0 –312 , 316 , 318 –320, 333 Baltic ice shield, 65, 68, 84 convex-backed, 245 Baltic Sea, 18, 19, 24, 31 , 41, 107 Dufour, 310 Bandkeramik, 178 flint, 314 Bann Flakes, 151 microretouched, 24 Barca, 231 narrow backed, 186 Barmose, 119 nibbled, 304 Barova´ Cave, 226, 232 retouched, 195, 294 barrows truncated, 263 long, 118, 121, 128–131 unretouched, 322 round, 128, 131 blades, 24, 74, 78, 87–89, 93, 101, 112, 151 , 169, 170, 172, basaltic rock, 63, 78 177, 185, 190, 208, 216, 234, 281, 295, 315 , 333, Bavans, 195, 197, 198 346, 348, 358, 361, 362 Bavaria, 12, 203, 204, 209, 213, 215, 217, 219, 368 axe, 174 Bay of Biscay, 302, 318 backed, 88, 112, 171, 176, 177, 207, 226, 287, 348 beads, 15 , 51, 116, 146, 263 boar tusk, 191 shell, 200, 259, 276, 311 broad, 132 Bedburg-Konigshoven,¨ 161, 166 broken, 294, 295 belief system, 42–44, 46, 58. See also cosmology convex-backed, 245 Beloles’e, 290, 292 flint, 124, 132, 200, 293, 295 Bergumermeer, 160 long, 178 Bertheaume, 194 narrow, 88, 132 Beuronian, 194, 195, 227, 360 narrow blade assemblages, 140, 147 Beuronien D, 172 notched, 208 Beuronien stages, 207–208. See also Mesolithic (Early) obliquely truncated, 172 Bezdez,ˇ 228, 235, 236 prismatic, 287, 291, 292 Binford, L., 9, 126, 134, 147, 214, 259 production, 185 bipolar technique, 81, 86, 88, 102 punch, 190 birds, 104, 107, 212, 300, 312 , 313 , 324, 344, 345, 346, 365 regular, 208 auk, 66, 100 retouched, 163, 176, 190, 281, 293, 325 coot, 117 sickle, 115 crane, 117 truncated, 287 duck, 47, 117, 118, 209, 279 unworked long, 175 454 © Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-85503-7 - Mesolithic Europe Edited by Geoff Bailey and Penny Spikins Index More information Index Blak, 2, 119, 172 flat graves, 129, 131 Blankholm, H., 7–12, 15 , 19, 27, 29, 30, 32, 36, 38, 40, 41, flexed, 254, 256, 321, 368 52, 53, 57, 89, 106, 107, 112, 116, 117, 119–122, individual, 124, 166, 256, 354 124, 126, 199, 299, 359–361, 363, 364, 367, inhumation, 122, 172, 175, 200, 256, 258, 266, 270, 368 274 blanks, 132, 281 pit, 12, 175, 200, 232, 235 bladelet, 322 ritual, 11, 38, 40, 42, 48, 124, 154 , 218, 265, 274, 292, Bleivik, 97 298, 299, 321, 368 boats, 6, 9, 31 , 32, 35, 45, 46, 68, 71, 83, 84, 90, 152 , 155 , shaft graves, 11, 15 , 40, 50 261, 265, 321, 339, 354, 363, 365, 368 skull, 123, 166, 262 canoe, 9, 43, 113, 151 , 152 , 165, 174, 191, 359, 361 caching, 258 oar, 295 cult, 12, 204, 217 paddle, 9, 31 , 46, 112, 113, 174, 359, 361 removal, 258 sea-faring, 8, 25, 86, 152 , 193, 366 social groups, 10 technology, 84 supine, 258, 266, 270, 274, 292, 368 Bøgebakken, 40, 121, 123, 125 burins, 74, 87, 88, 112, 148, 163, 171, 186, 207, 281, 287, Bohemia, 221, 224–226, 228–233, 236, 237, 362 294, 295, 31 0 , 312 , 316 , 320, 346 bones butchery activity, 12, 116, 118, 119, 144, 145, 322 perforated, 320 Butovian, 293–295, 358 Bonsall, C., 4, 5, 9–12, 15 , 16, 18, 57, 134, 142, 146, 148, 154 , 238, 242, 243, 252, 254–256, 258–261, 263, Cabec¸o da Amoreira, 319 264, 266, 269–274, 278, 279, 302, 358, 359, 360, Cabec¸o da Arruda, 319 362, 364, 367, 368 Cabec¸o do Porto Marinho, 311 Boreal, 19, 36, 42, 43, 47, 72, 101, 107, 108, 168, 184, 185, calculus, 260, 362 194, 195, 208, 225, 232, 285, 287, 294, 295, Caldeirao,˜ 322 299–301, 304, 31 0 , 313 –316 , 318 , 325, 417 carbohydrate, 260, 344, 362 bows, 9, 112, 113, 174, 184, 209, 280, 295, 311 , 358 Carpathian Basin, 221, 229, 275 bracelets, 116 Carpathian Mountains, 269, 280, 289 Breitkeile, 179 Castelnovian, 193, 333, 346 British Isles, 7, 8, 134, 140, 142, 144, 146, 150 –152 , 155 , Castelnovien, 345, 346 156 , 366 Causses, 191 Bromme, 110, 112, 358 Cave of Los Canes, 324 Bronze Age, 52, 54, 56, 58, 325, 340 caves, 24, 50, 154 , 160–162, 165, 166, 172, 174, 198, 204, Broom Hill, 148, 149 205, 208, 209, 214, 221, 222, 224, 226, 230–233, Broomhead Moor Site, 1, 148 238, 240, 245, 252, 287, 311 , 317 , 319 , 322, 340, Brovst, 120 344, 345, 346, 349, 351, 353, 368 burial, 10, 11–12, 38–41, 47, 48, 50–51, 101, 121–124, 125, cemeteries, 121–124 129, 174, 200–202, 217–218, 233, 235–236, 240, ceramics, 27, 31 , 36, 54, 56, 57, 61, 83, 125, 127, 219, 270, 245, 254, 256–263, 271, 274, 278, 289, 292, 316 , 319 , 323, 324–326, 354. See also pottery 295–296, 312 –314 , 316 , 321, 345, 352–354, 367–369. Combed Ware ‘Neolithic’, 29 See also mortuary practice Corded Ware, 54, 56 areas, 38, 45, 266, 275. See also cemeteries Impressed Ware, 343 cemeteries, 4, 10, 12, 15 , 36, 38, 40, 41, 125, 126, 152 , La Hoguette, 196 183, 200, 231, 235, 258, 290–292, 298, 299, 321, Pit-Comb Ware, 51, 56 326, 343, 353, 368, 369 Pitted Ware, 57, 83 child, 11, 12, 40, 50, 123, 200, 217, 235, 259, 264, 274, Sar¨ aisniemi¨ type, 83 298, 345, 351, 368, 369 technology, 278 collective, 11, 39, 40, 124, 166, 322, 354 cereals, 29, 52, 118, 323, 348, 363. See also wheat contracted, 200, 289, 292, 353 Chateauneuf,ˆ 183, 193, 196, 333, 338, 345 crouched, 235, 267, 270 Chaville, 183 deposits, 45 chert, 81, 215, 217, 233 disarticulated bones, 12, 16, 202, 256, 258, 262 Chiexaus, 14, 16 dog, 11, 40, 48, 124, 175, 259 chisels, 112, 295 double graves, 11, 40, 50, 217, 289 Choisey, 195, 198, 199 extended, 200, 254, 256, 258, 266, 270, 274, 289, 292, Chojnice-Pienki, 27 353 choppers, 304, 314 –316 , 320 455 © Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-85503-7 - Mesolithic Europe Edited by Geoff Bailey and Penny Spikins Index More information Index chronology, 72–84, 87–89, 110–116, 132–134, 162–163, Danube, 1, 6, 8, 15 , 203, 204, 206, 210, 213–217, 219, 221, 185–191, 205–208, 240–245, 289, 290, 292, 223–225, 231, 236, 238–240, 245, 252–254, 258, 293–294, 295, 296, 304, 328–343 261, 262, 264, 265, 268, 269, 272–275, 277–279, chronozone, 74–84 288, 290, 291, 302, 359, 360, 362 Cingle Vermell, 344, 362 dating, 162–163 climate 14 C dating, 63, 73, 241, 243, 245, 254, 256, 263, 268, change, 7, 65–72, 107–110, 158 –160, 163, 184–185, 271, 274, 275,
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