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Da Da Meddelelse Til Medlemmerne Europa-Parlamentet 2019-2024 Udenrigsudvalget Udviklingsudvalget Underudvalget om Menneskerettigheder 23.9.2020 MEDDELELSE TIL MEDLEMMERNE Om: SAKHAROVPRISEN FOR TANKEFRIHED 2020 Vedlagt fremsendes listen over kandidater (i alfabetisk rækkefølge), som i overensstemmelse med vedtægterne for Sakharovprisen er indstillet til Sakharovprisen for tankefrihed 2020 af mindst 40 medlemmer af Europa-Parlamentet eller af en politisk gruppe, samt de begrundelser og biografier, der er indsendt til Enheden for Menneskerettighedstiltag. GENERALDIREKTORATET FOR EKSTERNE POLITIKKER CM\1213925DA.docx PE658.278v02-00 DA Forenet i mangfoldighed DA SAKHAROVPRISEN FOR TANKEFRIHED 2020 Kandidater (i alfabetisk rækkefølge), der er foreslået af politiske grupper og individuelle medlemmer Kandidat Aktivitet Indstillet af De polske LGBTI-aktivister Jakub Gawron, Paulina Pajak og Paweł Preneta udarbejdede "Atlasset over had", et projekt, der kortlagde de mange lokale polske kommuner, der havde vedtaget, forkastet eller havde verserende "anti- LGBTI-resolutioner". Kamil Maczuga spillede en vigtig rolle i overvågningen af 4 LGBTI-aktivister – debatten om emnet blandt de lokale Malin Björk, Terry Jakub Gawron, Paulina myndigheder og i forbindelse med Reintke, Marc Angel, 1 Pajak, Paweł Preneta spredning af oplysninger til aktivister, Rasmus Andresen og and Kamil Maczuga, medier og politikere i og uden for Polen. I 39 andre medlemmer Polen foråret 2020 blev Jakub Gawron, Paulina Pajak og Paweł Preneta sagsøgt af fem af de lokale kommuner, der havde vedtaget sådanne erklæringer. De kræver en offentlig undskyldning, både i Polen og i Europa-Parlamentet, og økonomisk kompensation til "familievenlige organisationer" i de fem regioner fra aktivisterne. Den demokratiske Den demokratiske opposition i opposition i Hviderusland leder en hidtil uset Hviderusland, mobilisering af det hviderussiske samfund repræsenteret ved i fredelige masseprotester for demokrati, koordineringsrådet, et der fortsætter i mange uger efter initiativ taget af de præsidentvalget. Oppositionen oprettede et modige kvinder Svetlana koordineringsråd for at fremme en Det Europæiske Tikhanovskaja, Svetlana fredelig magtoverdragelse. Modig kvinder, Folkeparti, Det Aleksejevitj, Marija såsom Tikhanovskaja, Aleksejevitj, Progressive Forbund 2 Kolesnikova, Olga Kolesnikova, Kovalkova og Tsepkalo, af Socialdemokrater i Kovalkova, Veronika medlemmer af koordineringsrådet, er Europa-Parlamentet, Tsepkalo og politikerne blevet symbolet på oppositionen og giver Renew Europe og håb til hviderusserne. De understøttes af civilsamfundsaktivisterne dissidenter, politiske aktivister, Sergej Tikhanovskij, menneskerettighedsforkæmpere, Ales Bialjatskij, Sergej oppositionspolitikere og ungdomsledere, Dylevskij, Stepan Putilo herunder Tikhanovskij, Bialjatskij, og Nikolaj Statkevitj, Dylevskij, Pistulo og Statkevitj. Hviderusland PE658.278v02-00 2/20 CM\1213925DA.docx DA Tusindvis af hviderussere protesterer i hele landet mod forfalskede valg den 9. august 2020. Offentlighedens støtte er et udtryk for en utrolig solidaritet i det hviderussiske samfund, en genfødsel af den hviderussiske nationale identitet, der kan ændre landets Den demokratiske historie. Svetlana Tikhanovskaja, leder af opposition i koordineringsrådet, den vigtigste De Europæiske Hviderusland 3 modstander af Lukasjenko under valget, er Konservative og repræsenteret ved den bedste repræsentant for den Reformister Svetlana Tikhanovskaja, demokratiske opposition i Hviderusland. Hviderusland Tildeling af Sakharovprisen til den demokratiske opposition repræsenteret af hende ville respektere det hviderussiske samfunds mod og beslutsomhed og sende et budskab om støtte og solidaritet til det hviderussiske folk. Miljøforkæmperne fra Guapinol er medlemmer af det kommunale udvalg til forsvar for fælles og offentlige goder i Tocoa. De har været varetægtsfængslet i et år på grund af deres deltagelse i en fredelig protestlejr mod et mineselskab, hvis aktiviteter havde ført til forurening af de to De Grønne/Den floder Guapinol og San Pedro. Midt i Europæiske Fri covidpandemien er de udsat for en klar Alliance, Den Guapinol-aktivisterne og risiko i de overfyldte fængsler. Berta 4 Europæiske Berta Cáceres, Honduras Cáceres, som er medstifter af COPINH Venstrefløjs (Rådet for oprindelige folk i Honduras), var Fællesgruppe/Nordisk en modig miljøforkæmper og Grønne Venstre fremtrædende jordrettighedsaktivist fra det oprindelige Lenka-lokalsamfund. I mere end to årtier kæmpede hun mod land grabbing, ulovlig skovhugst og megaprojekter, som f.eks. Agua Zarca- vandkraftværket. Hun blev myrdet i sit eget hus i 2016. CM\1213925DA.docx 3/20 PE658.278v02-00 DA Monsignor Najeeb Moussa Michaeel hjalp kristne, syriakisk-ortodokse og kaldæere til at flygte fra Mosul til irakisk Kurdistan, da Islamisk Stat indtog byen den 6. august 2014. Han ydede også hjælp til de kristne flygtninge på Ninive-sletten og til det yazidiske samfund, i hvilket han er en anerkendt specialist. Ud over at Monsignor Najeeb hjælpe forfulgte mindretal har han direkte Identitet og 5 Moussa Michaeel, reddet og digitaliseret et stort antal Demokrati ærkebiskop i Mosul, Irak historiske dokumenter, der er skrevet på aramæisk, syriakisk, arabisk og armensk, som er en uvurderlig kilde til viden om mellemøstlige kulturer og religioner. Monsignor Najeeb arbejder på at bevare denne kulturarv, samtidig med at han deler flygtningenes hårde levevilkår og hjælper dem, så godt han kan. PE658.278v02-00 4/20 CM\1213925DA.docx DA Biografier 4 LGBTI-aktivister – Jakub Gawron, Paulina Pajak, Paweł Preneta og Kamil Maczuga, Polen Forelagt af Malin Björk, Terry Reintke, Marc Angel, Rasmus Andresen og 39 andre medlemmer Kamil, Jakub, Paulina og Pawel. I efteråret 2019 udarbejdede de polske LGBTI-aktivister Jakub Gawron, Paulina Pajak og Paweł Preneta "Atlasset over had", (https://atlasnienawisci.pl), et projekt, der kortlagde de mange lokale polske kommuner, der havde vedtaget, forkastet eller havde verserende "anti- LGBTI-resolutioner". Webstedet indeholder også en onlinedatabase med links til officielle dokumenter og statistiske undersøgelser. En fjerde aktivist, Kamil Maczuga, spillede en vigtig rolle i overvågningen af debatten om emnet blandt de lokale myndigheder og i forbindelse med spredning af oplysninger til aktivister, medier og politikere i og uden for Polen vedrørende udbredelsen af "anti-LGBTI-resolutioner". CM\1213925DA.docx 5/20 PE658.278v02-00 DA Atlasset begyndte som en reaktion på det stigende antal polske kommuner eller lokale myndigheder, der havde vedtaget "anti-LGBTI-resolutioner". I dag har over 100 kommuner eller lokale myndigheder i Polen erklæret sig for enten "LGBTI-frie områder" eller vedtaget såkaldte "regionale chartre for familieværdier". I oktober 2019, forud for Europa-Parlamentets beslutning, der fordømte de såkaldte "LGBTI- frie områder" i Polen, blev aktivisterne indbudt til Europa-Parlamentet i Strasbourg, hvor de afholdt en pressekonference om den alvorlige og forværrede situation for LGBTI-personer i Polen. I foråret 2020 blev Jakub Gawron, Paulina Pajak og Paweł Preneta sagsøgt af fem af de lokale kommuner, der havde vedtaget sådanne erklæringer. De lokale administrationer, der repræsenteres af den konservative organisation Ordu Iouris (som også er forfatterne til de "regionale chartre for familieværdier"), hævder, at aktivisterne sammen med deres Atlas over had krænker deres omdømme. De kræver nu en offentlig undskyldning, både i Polen og i Europa-Parlamentet, og økonomisk kompensation til "familievenlige organisationer" i de fem regioner fra aktivisterne. Indstillingen af Jakub Gawron, Paulina Pajak, Paweł Preneta og Kamil Maczuga til Sakharovprisen er en støttetilkendegivelse og en anerkendelse af deres kreative, modige og hårde arbejde, der forsvarer LGBTI-personers menneskerettigheder, ikke kun i Polen, men alle steder, hvor deres rettigheder angribes. PE658.278v02-00 6/20 CM\1213925DA.docx DA Den demokratiske opposition i Hviderusland, repræsenteret ved koordineringsrådet, et initiativ taget af de modige kvinder Svetlana Tikhanovskaja, Svetlana Aleksejevitj, Marija Kolesnikova, Olga Kovalkova, Veronika Tsepkalo og politikerne og civilsamfundsaktivisterne Sergej Tikhanovskij, Ales Bialjatskij, Sergej Dylevskij, Stepan Putilo og Nikolaj Statkevitj, Hviderusland Forelagt af Det Europæiske Folkeparti, Det Progressive Forbund af Socialdemokrater i Europa-Parlamentet, Renew Europe Dokumentation fremlagt af PPE: Der foregår en fredelig revolution i Hviderusland i umiddelbar nærhed af EU. Efter mange årtier med tavshed er der født en ny hviderussisk civilnation, og den kræver en demokratisk forandring i landet. Som Svetlana Tikhanovskaja udtrykte det i sin tale til Europa-Parlamentets AFET-udvalg – det er en demokratisk revolution, det er en nations stræben efter at bestemme selv, efter frit og rimeligt at vælge sine ledere og tage ansvar for sin egen skæbne. Der er klar dokumentation for, at Svetlana Tikhanovskaja vandt valget den 9. august, idet hun fik mellem 60 % og 80 % af stemmerne, men Lukasjenkoregimet forfalskede valgresultatet. Befolkningen i Hviderusland gik massivt på gaderne for at forsvare deres demokratiske revolutions sejr. På trods af volden, intimideringen og torturen fra Lukasjenkos regime mod fredelige demonstranter udviser befolkningen i Hviderusland ikke nogen frygt for regimet. Svetlana Tikhanovskaja, hendes modige kamp for demokrati, hendes evne til at forene hele oppositionen mod Lukasjenkoregimet før og efter valget er en inspiration for det hviderussiske
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