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African Union Union Africaine União Africana Conseil AFRICAN UNION UNION AFRICAINE UNIÃO AFRICANA Addis Ababa, ETHIOPIA P. O. Box 3243 Telephone 517700 Cables: OAU, ADDIS ABABA CONSEIL EXECUTIF Quinzième Session Ordinaire 24 - 30 Juin 2009 Syrte (LIBYE) EX. CL/520 (XV) RAPPORT DU PRESIDENT SUR LES ACTIVITES DE LA COMMISSION POUR LA PERIODE DE JANVIER A JUIN 2009 EX. CL/520 (XV) Page i TABLE DES MATIERES AVANT PROPOS 1 I. RÉSUMÉ ANALYTIQUE 2 II PAIX ET SÉCURITÉ 8 III. INTEGRATION RÉGIONALE, DÉVELOPPEMENT ET COOPÉRATION 46 III.1 Intégration et mise en valeur du Capital Humain 46 1. Education 47 2. Science et Technologie 48 3. Société d’information 51 4. Santé et assainissement 52 5. Bien-être social et humain 53 6. Enfants, Jeunes et Sport 59 III.2 Intégration et Développement de l’interconnexion 62 1. Transports (routier, ferroviaire, aérien, maritime) 63 2. Energie (crise de l’énergie) 66 3. Télécommunications, Postes et TIC 71 III.3 Intégration, changement climatique et gestion durable des ressources naturelles 73 1. Impact du changement climatique et préoccupation essentielles 73 III.4 Intégration et développement du marché et des avoirs financiers 79 III.5 Intégration et développement des capacités de production 85 1. Agriculture (PDDAA, crise alimentaire) 85 2. Développement industriel et exploitation minière 88 III.6 Intégration et renforcement des capacités commerciales 90 1. Renforcement des capacitives d’accès au marché 90 2. Règles du commerce multilatéral et négociations (APE, OMC) 95 III.7 ROLE DE TOUS LES ACTEURS DANS LE RENFORCEMENT DU 96 PROCESSUS D’INTEGRATION (SECTEUR PUBLIC, SECTEUR PRIVE, SOCIETE CIVILE, DIASPORA III.8 PARTENARIAT ET RELATIONS AVEC LE MONDE 98 1. Partenariats en cours 98 2. Coopération afro-arabe 102 3. Bureaux de représentation 103 4. Part de l’Afrique dans les échanges mondiaux 130 IV. VALEURS PARTAGEES 132 IV.1 Démocratie, Elections et Gouvernance 132 IV.2 Droits de l’homme 139 IV.3 Affaires humanitaires, Réfugiés et Personnes déplacées 141 IV.4 Genre et Développement 142 IV.5 Culture 143 IV.6 Affaires juridiques (Architecture juridique de l’Union) 144 EX. CL/520 (XV) Page ii V. RENFORCEMENT DES INSTITUTIONS 150 V.1 La Commission 150 1. Suivi des recommandations du Panel de Haut niveau sur l’Audit de l’Union 150 africaine 2. Gestion des ressources administratives et humaines 155 3. Gestion financière 157 4. Planification, suivi et évaluation 158 5. Service des Conférences 158 6. Activités de vérification 160 7. Intégration du NEPAD 162 VI. CONCLUSION 162 EX. CL/520 (XV) Page 1 AVANT- PROPOS Ce rapport, soumis à la haute appréciation du Conseil exécutif et de la Conférence, est mon troisième rapport depuis que je suis à la tête de la Commission de l’Union africaine. Il reflète les activités principales entreprises par la Commission au cours des six derniers mois depuis janvier 2009. Depuis le dernier Sommet de février 2009, la Commission a, sur la base des contributions riches et très positives des Etats membres, revu le projet de Plan stratégique 2009-2012, bâti autour des 4 piliers : Paix et Sécurité ; Intégration, Développement et Coopération ; Valeurs Partagées ; et Renforcement des Institutions. Elle a en outre organisé une retraite très réussi avec le COREP à Nazareth, Ethiopie, en mars 2009, pour enrichir davantage le projet. Ce document est maintenant soumis aux présentes assises après son approbation par le COREP, pour son adoption par la Conférence. Ce document, une fois adopté, inspirera tous les programmes et plans d’action et guidera leur mise en œuvre. Avec ce précieux outil, les Etats membres pourront évaluer les activités de la Commission à l’aide d’indicateurs précis de performance d’une manière claire, scientifique et transparente. Le rapport couvre tous les aspects de l’activité déployée pendant les 6 derniers mois. A ce stade, je souhaiterais simplement attirer l’attention du Conseil exécutif et de la Conférence sur les dossiers les plus importants et les plus urgents au regard des priorités de l’Afrique en ce moment. Je citerai nommément les efforts portés sur la crise économique et financière globale et son impact sur le continent, la dégradation de la situation dans certaines zones de conflit comme la Somalie et en Guinée Bissau, le phénomène de changements anticonstitutionnels qui a affecté dans une courte période trois Etats membres qui se retrouvent aujourd’hui, comme il est de règle, suspendus de l’Union, la participation et la préparation des grandes rencontres continentales et internationales sur des sujets d’importance cruciale pour le continent comme le dernier Sommet du G20 à Londres, le prochain Sommet du G8 en Italie, le Sommet Afrique- Amérique du Sud de septembre 2009, le Sommet de Copenhague de décembre 2009 sur les changements climatiques, le Sommet spécial sur les refugiés prévu à Kampala en octobre 2009, le Sommet de la Diaspora qui devrait se tenir avant la fin de l’année, le Sommet afro-arabe prévu aussi avant la fin de l’année. Tous ces Sommets revêtent sans aucun doute une importance cruciale pour le continent, mais il faudra évaluer la possibilité pour nos Leaders de participer à toutes ces rencontres. Je souhaite réaffirmer ici l’engagement de toute la Commission, de travailler d’arrache- pied afin que les objectifs tracés dans le Plan stratégique puissent se réaliser conformément au chronogramme arrêté. Nous comptons pour cela sur le soutien habituel de tous nos Etats membres dans ces efforts et aussi l’accompagnement en parfaite coordination de tous les acteurs que sont les CER, la société civile et les autres acteurs non-étatiques comme le secteur privé ainsi que nos partenaires au développement. Je forme une fois de plus le vœu que l’Union africaine puisse réaliser ses ambitions légitimes au cours des prochaines années. Jean Ping Président de la Commission EX. CL/520 (XV) Page 2 I. RESUME ANALYTIQUE Introduction 1. Ce rapport rend compte des activités entreprises pendant la période allant de janvier à juin 2009. Comme je l’avais déjà indiqué dans mon dernier rapport de janvier 2009, la Commission entend promouvoir des programmes et activités orientés vers des actions concrètes afin de faire de l’intégration physique du continent une réalité. Conformément aux directives du Sommet de janvier/février dernier, la Commission a travaillé étroitement avec le COREP pour finaliser le projet de Plan Stratégique 2009- 2012 qui est maintenant soumis au Conseil pour examen et approbation avant son adoption par la Conférence. C’est fort de ce document stratégique que la Commission pourra désormais suivre à la trace les actions nécessaires pour réaliser les objectifs fixés, à travers la confection de programmes et budgets annuels conséquents et cohérents au cours de la période couvrant le Plan. Dans ce Plan, les 4 piliers stratégiques, à savoir : paix et sécurité ; intégration, développement et coopération ; valeurs partagées ; et renforcement des institutions, sont mis en exergue avec des repères bien définis sur la base desquels les Organes compétents pourront évaluer le chemin parcouru de manière régulière et continue. Il importe donc que ce Plan puisse bénéficier de l’appui conséquent de tous les Etats membres dans la mise en place des ressources adéquates pour sa réalisation aussi bien par le paiement en temps voulu de leurs contributions, la mobilisation des ressources extrabudgétaires que par la recherche des sources alternatives de financement. En effet, il est crucial que l’Union puisse se doter de ressources prévisibles avec des sources de financement crédibles et régulières afin d’éviter les aléas du phénomène récurrent des arriérés de contributions qui grève fortement la réalisation effective des programmes convenus. 2. Dans les lignes qui suivent, ce rapport donne un aperçu des activités menées autour des quatre piliers du Plan tels que mentionnés ci-haut, à savoir : • La paix et de la sécurité; • L’intégration, le développement et la coopération ; • Les valeurs partagées ; et • Le renforcement des institutions de l’Union Paix et Sécurité 3. Au cours des derniers mois, les efforts de la Commission ont plus particulièrement porté sur le parachèvement de la mise en place de l’Architecture continentale de paix et de sécurité, l’appui aux efforts de prévention, de gestion et de règlement des conflits, le suivi du rapport Prodi sur le financement des opérations de soutien à la paix conduites par l’Union. Il me plait de signaler sous ce chapitre que le Groupe des Sages est désormais opérationnel comme cela figure dans le rapport sur leurs activités tel que soumis ensemble avec celui du Conseil de Paix et de Sécurité sur la situation générale de paix et de sécurité en Afrique. En particulier, ce Groupe a mené une réflexion approfondie sur le renforcement du rôle de l’Union africaine dans la prévention, la gestion et le règlement des crises survenant à la suite des élections et qui EX. CL/520 (XV) Page 3 débouchent parfois sur des conflits violents. De même, le système continental d’alerte précoce a enregistré des progrès avec l’acquisition des outils, équipements et logiciels appropriés qui permettront à la Commission dans un proche avenir de se connecter avec les mécanismes régionaux d’alerte précoce à travers le système VSAT. Les Ministres de la Défense se sont réunis les 14 et 15 mai 2009 pour faire le point sur l’état d’avancement de la mise en place de la force africaine en Attente et convenir des mesures à prendre pour réaliser cet objectif en 2010 au plus tard. 4. La Commission s’est également attelée à mettre en œuvre le Programme Frontière de l’Union avec l’organisation de deux ateliers régionaux pour l’Afrique de l’Ouest et l’Afrique centrale en avril et mai 2009 respectivement. Ces activités combinées à d’autres initiatives permettent de suivre de près les efforts des Etats membres visant à conduire à terme les processus de délimitation et de démarcation de leurs frontières.
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