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PURITAN REFORMED JOURNAL Volume 10, Number 2 • July 2018 PURITAN REFORMED JOURNAL Edited for Puritan Reformed Theological Seminary

Joel R. Beeke, Editor Michael Barrett, Associate Editor of Jerry Bilkes, Associate Editor of Stephen Myers, Associate Editor of Missions and Contemporary and Cultural Issues David Murray, Associate Editor of Pastoral Theology William VanDoodewaard, Associate Editor of Historical Theology Michael Haykin, Associate Editor Jonathon Beeke, Book Review Editor Ryan McGraw, Assistant Book Review Editor Misty Bourne, Copy Editor Gary and Linda den Hollander, Typesetter/Proofreader

Puritan Reformed Journal is published semi-annually. The subscription price per year for individuals and institutions is $20.00 in the United States, $30.00 in Canada (payable in U.S. funds), $35.00 in foreign countries (surface mail). Back issues may be purchased at $10.00 per copy.

Please address all PRJ communication as follows: Business, subscriptions: Mrs. Ann Dykema, PRJ Administrative Assistant, 2965 Leonard St. NE, Grand Rapids, Michigan 49525; telephone 616-977-0599, x135; e-mail: [email protected] Editorial, manuscripts (preferred length: 3,000–6,000 words): Dr. Joel R. Beeke, 2965 Leonard St. NE, Grand Rapids, Michigan 49525; telephone 616-977-0599, x123; e-mail: [email protected] Book reviews: Jonathon Beeke, 2965 Leonard St. NE, Grand Rapids, Michi- gan 49525; telephone 616-432-3408; email: [email protected]

© Puritan Reformed Theological Seminary. For a free seminary catalog and DVD, write: Puritan Reformed Theological Semi- nary, Attn.: Mrs. Ann Dykema, 2965 Leonard St. NE, Grand Rapids, Michigan 49525; [email protected]; web: www.puritanseminary.org

ISSN #: 1946-8652

POSTMASTER: SEND ADDRESS CHANGES TO: Puritan Reformed Journal, Attn.: Mrs. Ann Dykema, 2965 Leonard St. NE, Grand Rapids, Michigan 49525 Table of Contents

From the Editors...... 1

BIBLICAL STUDIES “The Desire of Our Hearts”: The Glory of in All Things— A on Isaiah 26:8–9 — Daniel C. Timmer...... 5 Analogical Day View: Exegetical and Systematic Critique Ben Castle...... 16 All Israel Will be Saved: Evaluating Paul’s Hope for the Jewish People — William Boekestein...... 31

SYSTEMATIC AND HISTORICAL THEOLOGY The Development of the Concept of the from Luther to Anglican Puritanism — Micah S. Meek...... 47 Harmonizes Calvin’s Views of Christian Freedom & Church Discipline — Gene Haas ...... 64 Calvin and the Spirit of Sonship — Joey R. Newton ...... 78 Calvin’s Teachings on Prayer in the Framework of History — Dawei Shao ...... 108 Bound by the Word of God: John Calvin’s Religious Epistemology Jordan Steffaniak ...... 120 Novus Judaismus: New England , Roman Externals, and Continuing the — Andrew Ballitch . . . . 137 Purchasing the Spirit: A Trinitarian Hermeneutic for Jonathan Edwards’s Doctrine of the Atonement Obbie T. Todd ...... 148 Traducian-Realism in Reformed Theology: Humanity’s Solidarity with , the Origin of the , and Orignial in the Theology of William Shedd and Augustus Strong Nicholas J. Thompson ...... 168 iv Table of Contents

EXPERIENTIAL THEOLOGY The Encouraging Implications of Jesus’s in the Christian’s Practice of Daily — Andrew Farr...... 193

PRACTICAL THEOLOGY Serious Joy: The Puritan Heritage of Leisure Chad Burchett...... 211 Puritans on the Family: Recent Publications Joel R. Beeke and Paul M. Smalley ...... 227

PASTORAL THEOLOGY Trinitarian Orthodoxy and Pastoral Ministry: Reflections on Being Nicene in the Twenty-first Century Calvin Goligher...... 247

MISSIONS That Christ Be Honored: The Push for Foreign Missions in the Seventeenth-Century Reformed Church in the Netherlands Chauncey Knegt...... 263 Whitefield & Franklin: Unlikely Yet Significant Associates Russell Herman ...... 278

REVIEW ARTICLE But the Righteous Shall Live by Allegiance: An Evaluation of Matthew Bates’s Salvation by Allegiance Alone Daniel Wiley...... 291

BOOK REVIEWS Jon Balserak and Jim West, eds. From Zwingli to Amyraut: Exploring the Growth of European Reformed Traditions Douglas Kuiper...... 315 Joel R. Beeke and Dustin W. Benge, eds. Pulpit Aflame: Essays in Honor of Stephen J. Lawson — Stephen J. Tracey...... 317 Hans Boersma and Matthew Levering, eds. The Oxford Handbook of Sacramental Theology — Ryan M. McGraw . . 319 Alexander D. Campbell. The Life and Works of Robert Baillie (1602–1662) Politics, Religion and Record-Keeping in the British Civil Wars — Mark Koller ...... 321 Table of Contents v

Robert J. Cara. Cracking the Foundation of the : Covenantal Nomism versus Reformed Covenantal Theology Pieter de Vries...... 324 William Edgar. Created & Creating: A Biblical Theology of Culture David VanBrugge ...... 326 Wade Johnston. The Devil behind the Surplice: Matthias Flacias and on Adiaphora — Harrison Perkins ...... 327 Dirk Jongkind, ed. The Greek New Testament: Produced at Tyndale House Cambridge — Jeffrey T. Riddle...... 329 Matthew Levering and Gilles Emery, eds. in Aquinas’s Theology — Ryan M. McGraw ...... 333 Cornelis Van Dam. The Biblical Roots and the Ministry of Mercy Today Rick Carmickle ...... 335

Contributors...... 341 A WARM WELCOME TO PRJ’S NEW EDITOR When Puritan Reformed Theological Seminary launched this Jour- nal in 2009, I promised that, with God’s help, I would serve as editor for ten years. By God’s grace, I have been enabled to fulfil this prom- ise and can honestly say some 6000+ pages later that I always viewed the PRJ as a labor of love. I have always been surprised at the number of very good articles forwarded to us unsolicited—so, a big thanks to all of you who have written for the PRJ. I have also been deeply grateful for the assistance of our gracious and gifted faculty in their various departments as associate editors in both critiquing articles and writing their own (see the masthead for their names), as well as Michael Haykin (as first-draft composer of “From the Editors” for each issue), Ryan McGraw (as assistant book review editor), Kate DeVries (as copy editor), and Linda and Gary den Hollander (as type- setter and proofreader). You have been a remarkable team. Thanks too to our faithful readers who make this task a joy to fulfill. A special thanks is in order to our professor of church history, William Vandoodewaard. Bill has gone beyond the call of duty in recent years in judiciously evaluating articles. For this reason, I have asked Bill, with the unanimous approval of the faculty, to serve as co-editor of the PRJ for the coming year, during which he will serve as the main editor, while I hope to continue to serve as his assistant, God willing, by limiting my role to proofing/editing the final typeset copy—which is the easy work! Beginning with the next issue, Bill will be doing the hard work of compilation and solicitation, etc. with all of the detail that this involves. So, as authors, please forward future manuscripts to him at [email protected]. I have no doubt that, in Dr. VanDoodewaard’s capable hands, the PRJ will take several steps up and be a better periodical than it has ever been! As faculty, editors, students, and readers, Bill, we wish you God’s blessing in this worthy, important task. —Joel Beeke From the Editors

The placement of essays in biblical studies at the front of every issue of our journal is not fortuitous. It signals the editors’ conviction that at the ground of all our theological reflection and thinking about divine things must be the Word of the living God. In this regard our first essay by Daniel Timmer began life as a sermon on Isaiah 26:8–9 in our seminary chapel. Employing this passage from the prophet, the sermon shows that by “focusing on God’s glory, both in Himself and in His acts of salvation and judgment for His people and for us indi- vidually,” our motives—ever essential to godliness—will be purified and strengthened. Ben Castle then looks at the vital text of Genesis 1 and responds to the argument that the days of creation are figurative and are not to be taken literally. As Castle shows, though, this view, aka the analogical day view, fails from both an exegetical and a theological standpoint. The final paper in the biblical studies section of this issue deals with another key passage, that of Romans 11:25–26, and asks, “Will all Israel be saved?” This text was a favorite one of the Puritans and they would have loved William Boekestein’s argument for a future large-scale conversion of the . The next section dealing with systematic and historical theology contains eight articles. Micah Meek looks at the way and the Puritans understood the role of the conscience in the Christian life. He concludes that, while the German Reformer and the English Puritans did not land exactly at the same place with regard to the con- science’s role, they have much to teach us about this neglected area of the Christian life. Gene Haas then provides an examination of what has come to be seen as utterly central to Calvin’s theology, namely, union with Christ, and how this truth needs to be understood in re- lation to Christian freedom and church discipline. He shows that a common criticism of the Reformation—that it led to secularization in the West, is refuted by Calvin’s doctrine of union with Christ, an ex- cellent illustration of the interplay of theology and public good. Three more excellent studies of Calvin’s thought follow: Joey Newton’s ex- amination of the Genevan Reformer’s thinking about the Holy Spirit as the Spirit of adoption; Dawei Shao’s study of the ever-relevant sub- ject of Calvin’s teaching on prayer; and Jordan Steffaniak on the way that Calvin’s epistemology was “centered in and bounded by the Word, mediated by the Spirit, and directed to the glory of the triune God.” 2 Puritan Reformed Theological Journal

Andrew Ballitch considers the way that the New England Puritans, in their critique of elements of worship in both Roman Catholicism and , saw themselves as completing the Reformation. Ob- bie Todd looks at America’s greatest theologian, Jonathan Edwards, and his ever-repeated theme of the purpose of Christ’s death being that he might purchase the Spirit for His people. As Todd notes: “Edwards’s doctrine of the furnished his most developed thoughts about salvation, and every aspect of the atonement was subject to this triune matrix.” Finally, Nicholas J. Thompson offers a Reformed critique of the of two important nineteenth-century theologians, William Shedd and Augustus Strong. In the category of experiential theology Andrew Farr examines the implications of Jesus’s baptism for daily repentance. Noteworthy is his emphasis that Jesus’s “entire life from birth to death cannot be divorced from this vicarious role. He stands in His people’s place. He enters into the judgment waters of God for His people.” Under the section of practical theology, Chad Burchett looks at Puritan perspec- tives about leisure, an area not usually considered since it is commonly, though wrongly, thought that the Puritans had no time for relaxation. Then, Joel Beeke and Paul Smalley document and detail a recent spate of books and resources that deal with the Puritan family. Under pasto- ral theology, Calvin Goligher employs Gregory of Nazianzus’s sermon On his flight, possibly the first lengthy reflection on the nature of pas- toral ministry in church history, to elucidate what being committed to Nicene Trinitarianism means for ministry in the everyday world: a good reminder that Nicene theology is foundational to Christian living. There are two studies in the missions section. First, Chauncey Knegt has an important study of the missionary-mindedness of the Further Dutch Reformation. Then, Russell Herman explores the friendship be- tween the Reformed Evangelical evangelist George Whitefield in his missionary labors in America and the Deist . It is a fascinating study but a sad one, for Franklin concluded: “Mr. Whitefield used to pray for my conversion, but never had the satisfaction of believ- ing that his prayers were heard.” A review article by Daniel Wiley on Matthew Bates’s Salvation by Allegiance Alone: Rethinking , Works, and the of Jesus the King (2017) concludes the articles. Wiley argues that whatever advantages “allegiance” may have as a translation for “faith,” which is Bates’s central argument in his book, “in the end it simply be- comes a catalyst for a works-based method of salvation.”