FI Joint Venture Pty Ltd Shadi Sadegh, Acting Managing Director ACN/ABN: 611 846 023 / 51 611 846 023 Level 14, Forrest Centre, 221 St Georges Terrace, Perth WA 6000 T: +61 8 9485 0579
FI Joint Venture Pty Ltd Yogi Magnetite Project M59/740, M59/637, P59/2133, L59/156 Mine Closure Plan
May 2019
Document ID 6137117-REP-0_Yogi Magnetite Project_Mine Closure Plan Version Revision 0 Date of Submission
Checklist with corporate endorsement
Q No. Mine Closure Plan (MCP) Y/N/NA Page No. Comments Changes from Page No. Summary checklist previous version (Y/N) 1 Has the Checklist been endorsed by a Y vi - N/A senior representative within the tenement holder/operating company? (See bottom of checklist.) PUBLIC AVAILABILITY 2 Are you aware that from 2015 all MCPs Y - - N/A will be made publicly available? 3 Is there any information in this MCP that N - - N/A should not be publicly available? 4 If “Yes” to Q3, has confidential N/A - - N/A information been submitted in a separate document/ section? COVER PAGE, TABLE OF CONTENTS 5 Does the MCP cover page include: Y Cover page - N/A Project Title Company Name Contact Details (including telephone numbers and email addresses) Document ID and version number Date of submission (needs to match the date of this checklist) SCOPE AND PURPOSE 6 State why the MCP is submitted (e.g. as Y 1 - 2, Section 1.1 MCP is being submitted as part of its N/A part of a Mining Proposal, a reviewed assessment under Part IV, section 38 MCP or to fulfil other legal requirements) of the Environmental Protection Act 1986.
FI Joint Venture Pty Ltd - Yogi Magnetite Project - Mine Closure Plan | i
Q No. Mine Closure Plan (MCP) Y/N/NA Page No. Comments Changes from Page No. Summary checklist previous version (Y/N) PROJECT OVERVIEW 7 Does the project summary include: Y 3 - 9, Section 2 - N/A Land ownership details (include any land management agency responsible for the land / reserve and the purpose for which the land/ reserve [including surrounding land] is being managed) Location of the project; Comprehensive site plan(s); Background information on the history and status of the project.
LEGAL OBLIGATIONS AND COMMITMENTS 8 Does the MCP include a consolidated Y 10 - 11, Section - N/A summary or register of closure obligations and commitments? 3
STAKEHOLDER ENGAGEMENT 9 Have all stakeholders involved in Y 12 - 13, Section - N/A closure been identified? 4.1 10 Does the MCP include a summary or Y 14 - 16, Section - N/A register of historic stakeholder engagement with details on who has 4.2.2 been consulted and the outcomes?
11 Does the MCP include a stakeholder Y 12 - 16, Section N/A consultation strategy to be implemented in the future? 4
POST-MINING LAND USE(S) AND CLOSURE OBJECTIVES 12 Does the MCP include agreed post- N 17 - 20, Section The post mining land use and closure N/A mining land use(s), closure objectives 5 objectives have been identified in this
FI Joint Venture Pty Ltd - Yogi Magnetite Project - Mine Closure Plan | ii
Q No. Mine Closure Plan (MCP) Y/N/NA Page No. Comments Changes from Page No. Summary checklist previous version (Y/N) and conceptual landform design MCP, but not yet agreed with diagram? stakeholders. Conceptual post-mining landform designs require an understanding of the finalised mine site landforms and the stakeholder’s input into the post- mining site landscape. Preliminary conceptual landform design diagrams will be developed prior to the next MCP revision (see Section 5.5) 13 Does the MCP identify all potential (or Y 71, Section 8.2 - N/A pre-existing) environmental legacies, which may restrict the post-mining land use (including contaminated sites)?
14 Has any soil or groundwater N/A - - N/A contamination that occurred, or is suspected to have occurred, during the operation of the mine, been reported to DER as required under the Contaminated Sites Act 2003?
DEVELOPMENT OF COMPLETION CRITERIA 15 Does the MCP include an appropriate Y 21 - 23, Section - N/A set of specific completion criteria and 6 closure performance indicators?
COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS OF CLOSURE DATA 16 Does the MCP include baseline data Y 24 - 70, Section - N/A (including pre-mining studies and 7 environmental data)?
17 Has materials characterisation been Y 63 - 65, Section - N/A carried out consistent with applicable 7.3.9 standards and guidelines (e.g. GARD Guide)?
FI Joint Venture Pty Ltd - Yogi Magnetite Project - Mine Closure Plan | iii
Q No. Mine Closure Plan (MCP) Y/N/NA Page No. Comments Changes from Page No. Summary checklist previous version (Y/N) 18 Does the MCP identify applicable Y 17, Section 5.1 - N/A closure learnings from benchmarking against other comparable mine sites?
19 Does the MCP identify all key issues Y 71 - 73 (Section - N/A impacting mine closure objectives and 8), 74 - 81 outcomes (including potential (Section 9) contamination impacts)? 20 Does the MCP include information Y 24 - 82, Sections - N/A relevant to mine closure for each 7, 8, 9 domain or feature? IDENTIFICATION AND MANAGEMENT OF CLOSURE ISSUES 21 Does the MCP include a gap Y 71 - 73, Section - N/A analysis/risk assessment to determine if 8.3, Appendix D further information is required in relation to closure of each domain or feature? 22 Does the MCP include the process, Y 71 - 73, Section - N/A methodology, and has the rationale 8.3, Appendix D been provided to justify identification and management of the issues? CLOSURE IMPLEMENTATION 23 Does the MCP include a summary of Y 74 - 76, Section - N/A closure implementation strategies and 9.1 activities for the proposed operations or for the whole site? 24 Does the MCP include a closure work Y 77 - 81, Section - N/A program for each domain or feature? 9.2 25 Does the MCP contain site layout plans N 6 - 9 (Section Included in this MCP is a layout figure N/A to clearly show each type of disturbance 2.5.2), 17 - 19 of the closure domains. Also there is as defined in Schedule 1 of the MRF (Section 5.3) Table 2-3 which shows the name of Regulations? the Project feature against the type of disturbance defined in Schedule 1 of the MRF Regulations. Specific site layout plans showing each type of disturbance will be produced in the next revision of this MCP.
FI Joint Venture Pty Ltd - Yogi Magnetite Project - Mine Closure Plan | iv
Q No. Mine Closure Plan (MCP) Y/N/NA Page No. Comments Changes from Page No. Summary checklist previous version (Y/N) 26 Does the MCP contain a schedule of N 69 - 70 (Section The Project is not yet at that stage of N/A research and trial activities? 7.4), 74 - 76 closure planning. (Section 9.1) 27 Does the MCP contain a schedule of N 69 - 70 (Section As above. N/A progressive rehabilitation activities? 7.4), 82 - 84 (Section 10) 28 Does the MCP include details of how Y 76, Section 9.1.4 - N/A unexpected closure and care and maintenance will be handled? 29 Does the MCP contain a schedule of N 76 (Section The decommissioning plan, including N/A decommissioning activities? 9.1.4), 83 - 84 schedule, will be developed prior to (Section 10.2) construction of the mine site. 30 Does the MCP contain a schedule of N 82 - 84, Section The Project is not yet at that stage of N/A closure performance monitoring and 10 closure planning. maintenance activities? CLOSURE MONITORING AND MAINTENANCE 31 Does the MCP contain a framework, Y 82 - 84, Section - N/A including methodology, quality control 10 and remedial strategy for closure performance monitoring including post- mining monitoring and maintenance? FINANCIAL PROVISIONING FOR CLOSURE 32 Does the MCP include costing Y 85, Section 11 This MCP includes costing N/A methodology, assumptions and financial methodology, however it does not yet provision to resource closure include financial provision (or implementation and monitoring? associated assumptions). 33 Does the MCP include a process for Y 85, Section 11 - N/A regular review of the financial provision? MANAGEMENT OF INFORMATION AND DATA 34 Does the MCP contain a description of Y 86, Section 12 - N/A management strategies including systems and processes for the retention of mine records?
FI Joint Venture Pty Ltd - Yogi Magnetite Project - Mine Closure Plan | v
Acronyms
Acronym Definition AEP Annual Exceedance Probability AER Annual Environmental Report AH Act Aboriginal Heritage Act 1972 AMD Acid Metalliferous Drainage ANC Acid Neutralising Capacity BC Act Biodiversity Conservation Act 2016 (WA) BIF Banded Iron Formation BoM Bureau of Meteorology CO Carbon monoxide CSIRO Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation DAFWA Department of Agriculture and Food Western Australia DBCA Department of Biodiversity, Conservation and Attractions DEC Department of Environment and Conservation (State) DER Department of Environmental Regulation DITR Department of Industry, Tourism and Resources DMIRS Department of Mines, Industry Regulation and Safety DMP Department of Mines and Petroleum DPaW Department of Parks and Wildlife DoEE Department of Environment and Energy (Federal) DoPIRD Department of Primary Industries and Regional Development DRF Declared Rare Flora DWER Department of Water and Environmental Regulation EP Act Environmental Protection Act 1986 EPA Environmental Protection Authority Western Australia EPBC Act Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 (Cth) EPW Eastern Primary Watercourse ESA Environmentally Sensitive Area FIJV / Proponent FI Joint Venture Pty Ltd GLpa Gigalitres per annum The Guidelines Government of Western Australia’s Guidelines for Preparing Mine Closure Plans (May 2015) IBRA Interim Biogeographic Regionalisation for Australia MCP Mine Closure Plan MDE Mine Development Envelope MNES Matters of National Environmental Significance Mtpa Million tonnes per annum NAPP Net Acid Production Potential NEPM National Environment Protection Measure
NO2 Nitrogen dioxide
FI Joint Venture Pty Ltd - Yogi Magnetite Project - Mine Closure Plan | vii
Acronym Definition
NOX Oxides of nitrogen PDE Pipeline Development Envelope PEC Priority Ecological Communities PER Public Environmental Review
PM10 Particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter of 10 microns or less
PM2.5 Particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter of 2.5 microns or less PMF Probable Maximum Flood The Project Yogi Magnetite Project ROM Run of mine SES Stakeholder Engagement Strategy Site The MDE of The Project SRE Short range endemic invertebrates TAPM The Air Pollution Model (Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation) TEC Threatened Ecological Communities TSP Total suspended particulates VOC Volatile organic compound WA Western Australia WAM Western Australian Museum WPW Western Primary Watercourse
FI Joint Venture Pty Ltd - Yogi Magnetite Project - Mine Closure Plan | viii
Definitions
These definitions are consistent with Appendix A: Definitions of The Guidelines.
Term Definition
Abandoned mine site Non-operational mines where mining tenure no longer exists and the responsibility for rehabilitation cannot be allocated to any individual, company or organisation responsible for the mining activities. Such sites are also called “derelict”, “orphan” or “former” mines.
Boundary of a landform The edge of a landform is taken as being the base of the slope. This may be the battered footprint or the non-battered footprint. The footprint must not exceed the area specified in approval documentation.
Care and maintenance Phase following temporary cessation of mining operations where infrastructure remains intact and the site continues to be managed. All mining operations suspended, site being maintained and monitored.
Closure A whole-of-mine-life process, which typically culminates in tenement relinquishment. It includes decommissioning and rehabilitation.
Completion The goal of mine closure. A completed mine has reached a state where mining lease ownership can be relinquished and responsibility accepted by the next land user.
Consultation A process that permits and promotes the two-way flow of ideas and information. Effective consultation is based on principles of openness, transparency, integrity and mutual respect.
Contaminated Contaminated, in relation to land, water or a site, means having a substance present in or on that land, water or site at above background concentrations that presents, or has the potential to present, a risk of harm to human health, the environment or any environmental value. This definition may apply to the artificial concentration (localised accumulation) of natural substances or minerals which have the potential to present a risk of harm to human health, the environment or any environmental value through this accumulation, such as mineral processing sites or tailings storage facilities.
Decommissioning A process that begins near, or at, the cessation of mineral production and ends with removal of all unwanted infrastructure and services.
Disturbance Type A feature created during mining or exploration activity as listed in Schedule 1 of the Mining Rehabilitation Fund Regulations 2013, e.g. waste dumps, transport or service
FI Joint Venture Pty Ltd - Yogi Magnetite Project - Mine Closure Plan | ix
Term Definition infrastructure corridor (haul roads, access roads), ROM pad, plant site, tailings storage facility, borrow pits, land (other than land under rehabilitation or rehabilitated land) that has been disturbed by exploration operations (e.g. drill pads), waste dump or overburden stockpiles, Building (other than workshop) or camp site, etc.
Disturbed Area where vegetation has been cleared and/or topsoil (surface cover) removed.
Domain A group of landform(s) or infrastructure that has similar rehabilitation and closure requirements and objectives.
Earthworks Reshaping, capping, water/wind erosion control, rock armouring.
Ecologically sustainable Meeting the goal and principles of the National Strategy for Ecologically Sustainable Development, endorsed by all Australian jurisdictions in 1992, to ensure that development improves the total quality of life, both now and in the future, in a way that maintains the ecological processes on which life depends.
Environment Living things, their physical, biological and social surroundings and interactions between all of these. Environmental value A beneficial use and/or an ecosystem health condition. Key stakeholders The term “key stakeholders” refers to post-mining land owners/managers and relevant regulators. Kinetic testing Procedure used to measure the magnitude and/or effects of dynamic processes, including reaction rates (such as sulphide oxidation and acid generation), material alteration and drainage chemistry and loadings that result from weathering. Unlike static tests, kinetic tests measure the behaviour of a sample over time. Legal Obligations Register A register of legally binding conditions and commitments relevant to rehabilitation and closure at a given mine site.
Life of mine Expected duration of mining and processing operations. Mineral processing Includes all processing facilities for ore treatment including facilities crushing plants, grinding, vat leach, heap leach, dump leach and tailings disposal facilities. Pits All open excavations including active mineral rock, gravel, sand, clay, bauxite and salt-pan extraction areas. Post-mining land use Describe a land use that occurs after the cessation of mining operations.
FI Joint Venture Pty Ltd - Yogi Magnetite Project - Mine Closure Plan | x
Term Definition Preliminary earthworks Reshaping, capping, water/wind erosion control, rock armouring. Project The total integrated mining operations in which a number of sites contribute to the overall operation to supply ore, processing facilities and disposal of waste products. Problematic materials Materials that have the potential to detrimentally impact on humans and the environment and require careful and appropriate management (e.g. Potential Acid Forming (PAF) materials, radioactive materials, asbestiform materials, dispersive materials, arsenic etc.).
Rehabilitation The return of disturbed land to a safe, stable, non-polluting/ non-contaminating landform in an ecologically sustainable manner that is productive and/or self-sustaining consistent with the agreed post-mining land use.
Relinquishment A state when agreed completion criteria have been met, government “sign-off” achieved, all obligations under the Mining Act 1978 removed, and the proponent has been released from all forms of security, and responsibility has been accepted by the next land user or manager.
Revegetation Establishment of self-sustaining vegetation cover after earthworks have been completed, consistent with the post- mining land use.
Safe A condition where the risk of adverse effects to people, livestock, other fauna and the environment in general has been reduced to a level acceptable to all stakeholders.
Stable A condition where the rates of change of specified parameters meet agreed criteria.
Stakeholder A person, group or organisation who have an interest in a particular decision, either as individuals or representative of a group, with the potential to influence or be affected by the process of, or outcome of, mine closure.
Static testing Procedure for characterising the physical or chemical status of a geological sample at one point in time. Static tests include measurements of chemical and mineral composition and the analyses required for Acid Base Accounts.
Tailing storage facility An area used to store and consolidate tailings, and may include one or more tailings storage features.
Tenement Land tenure granted under the Mining Act 1978 e.g. Mining Lease, Exploration Licence, Prospecting Licence, Miscellaneous Licence and General Purpose Lease.
FI Joint Venture Pty Ltd - Yogi Magnetite Project - Mine Closure Plan | xi
Term Definition Unacceptable liability Closure should not lead to regulators, or the community, or landowners or land managers having to take on responsibility for ongoing management, maintenance or monitoring above that which applied before mining, or that which applied to managing land uses comparable to the agreed land uses. Waste landforms (or Includes all mullock and waste rock disposal areas (also dumps) called Overburden Storage Area, Waste Rock Landform, or Waste Rock Storage/or Area), low grade stockpiles and mineralised waste stockpiles.
FI Joint Venture Pty Ltd - Yogi Magnetite Project - Mine Closure Plan | xii
Table of contents
1. Scope and purpose ...... 1 1.1 Scope of this MCP ...... 1 1.2 MCP purpose ...... 1
2. Project overview ...... 3 2.1 Proponent details ...... 3 2.2 Location ...... 3 2.3 Tenure ...... 4 2.4 History and status of the project ...... 4 2.5 Proposed mining operations and mine layout ...... 5
3. Closure obligations and commitments ...... 10 3.1 Applicable legislation ...... 10 3.2 Legal obligations register ...... 11
4. Stakeholder engagement ...... 12 4.1 Key stakeholders ...... 12 4.2 Stakeholder engagement strategy ...... 13
5. Post-mining land use and closure objectives ...... 17 5.1 Post-mining land use ...... 17 5.2 Project closure objectives ...... 17 5.3 Closure domains ...... 17 5.4 Domain closure objectives ...... 20 5.5 Conceptual landform design diagrams ...... 20
6. Development of completion criteria ...... 21
7. Collection and analysis of closure data ...... 24 7.1 Previously completed environmental investigations ...... 24 7.2 Current program of work - environmental investigations ...... 25 7.3 Environmental data ...... 25 7.4 Analysis of environmental data for closure– knowledge gaps and further work...... 69
8. Identification and management of closure issues ...... 71 8.1 Materials characterisation ...... 71 8.2 Contaminated sites ...... 71 8.3 Risk assessment ...... 71
9. Closure implementation ...... 74 9.1 Closure implementation strategies and tasks ...... 74 9.2 Closure work program by domain ...... 77
10. Closure monitoring and maintenance ...... 82 10.1 Closure monitoring ...... 82 10.2 Care and maintenance strategy ...... 83
FI Joint Venture Pty Ltd - Yogi Magnetite Project - Mine Closure Plan | xiii
11. Financial provisioning for closure ...... 85 11.1 Costing methodology ...... 85 11.2 Review of financial provision ...... 85
12. Management of information and data ...... 86
13. Confidentiality ...... 87
14. References ...... 88
Table index
Table 2-1 Proponent details ...... 3
Table 2-2 FIJV tenements ...... 4 Table 2-3 Proposed extent of physical and operational Project elements (GHD 2019a) ...... 6
Table 3-1 Applicable legislation ...... 10
Table 3-2 Summary of existing tenement conditions in relation to closure ...... 11 Table 4-1 Key stakeholders (GHD 2019c) ...... 12
Table 4-2 Engagement activities and tools (GHD 2019c) ...... 13
Table 4-3 Stakeholder engagement register (EnviroWorks Consulting 2017; GHD 2019c) ...... 15 Table 5-1 Project closure objectives ...... 17
Table 5-2 Domain closure objectives ...... 20
Table 6-1 Proposed completion criteria ...... 22 Table 7-1 Summary of previously completed environmental investigations ...... 24
Table 7-2 Summary of program of work ...... 25
Table 7-3 Impacts of climate change on north-west Western Australia (DEC 2012) ...... 29 Table 7-4 IBRA bioregions/subregions of the MDE and PDE ...... 32
Table 7-5 Land systems within the MDE (Hennig et al. 1994) ...... 33
Table 7-6 Soil landscape zones within the MDE (Tille 2006) ...... 34 Table 7-7 Surface geology types within MDE (EnviroWorks Consulting 2017) ...... 35
Table 7-8 Key findings of previous flora surveys completed within MDE ...... 49
Table 7-9 Key findings of previous fauna surveys completed within MDE ...... 56 Table 7-10 Invertebrates recorded during field survey and examined for SRE status (Invertebrate Solutions 2019a) ...... 61 Table 7-11 Geological units within MDE and their suitability for subterreanean fauna (Invertebrate Solutions 2019b) ...... 62
Table 7-12 Stygofauna recorded during August 2018 field survey (Invertebrate Solutions 2019b) ...... 63 Table 7-13 Troglofauna recorded during October 2018 (Invertebrate Solutions 2019b) ...... 63
Table 7-14 Summary of sulphur (%) occurrence based on rock type (GHD 2019h) ...... 64
FI Joint Venture Pty Ltd - Yogi Magnetite Project - Mine Closure Plan | xiv
Table 7-15 European heritage sites in the vicinity of the MDE ...... 69
Table 8-1 Risk assessment categories ...... 71 Table 8-2 Summary of “high” inherent (uncontrolled) risks and residual (controlled) risk ratings ...... 72
Table 9-1 Short-term closure implementation tasks ...... 74 Table 9-2 Medium-term closure implementation tasks ...... 75
Table 9-3 Long-term closure implementation tasks ...... 76
Table 9-4 Mine Pit closure implementation ...... 78 Table 9-5 Mining Overburden and Waste Facilities closure implementation ...... 79
Table 9-6 Processing Waste Contaminant Facility closure implementation ...... 80
Table 9-7 Mine and Processing Support Infrastructure closure implementation ...... 81
Figure index
Figure 2-1 Project location (EnviroWorks Consulting 2017) ...... 3
Figure 2-2 Mine site layout (GHD 2019a) ...... 8
Figure 2-3 Pipeline corridor (GHD 2019a) ...... 9
Figure 5-1 Closure domains ...... 19
Figure 7-1 Average temperature statistics for Mount Magnet (Station ID: 7600) ...... 26
Figure 7-2 Monthly mean rainfall data for Mount Magnet weather stations (1894-1995 Station ID: 7057, 1996-2018 Station ID: 7600) ...... 27 Figure 7-3 Annual and seasonal wind roses for TAPM synthesised meteorological data at the Project site (GHD 2019i) ...... 28
Figure 7-4 Pastoral leases within the MDE (Figure 4 from EnviroWorks Consulting 2017) ...... 30
Figure 7-5 Topography of the MDE (Figure 14 from EnviroWorks Consulting 2017) ...... 31 Figure 7-6 Rangeland regions of Australia (DoPIRD 2018) ...... 33
Figure 7-7 Soil landscape zones of the Murchison region (Tille 2006) ...... 34 Figure 7-8 Surface geological units within the MDE (Figure 12a from EnviroWorks Consulting 2017) ...... 36
Figure 7-9 Regional hydrology (GHD 2019d) ...... 40
Figure 7-10 Site hydrology (catchments and drainage lines) (GHD 2019d) ...... 43 Figure 7-11 1% AEP flood depths and extents (GHD 2019d) ...... 47
Figure 7-12 2% AEP flood depths and extents (GHD 2019d) ...... 48
Figure 7-13 Biological constraints for the mine site (GHD 2019e) ...... 52
Figure 7-14 Vegetation types present within mine development envelope (GHD 2019e) ...... 53
Figure 7-15 Ecological constraints for the pipeline corridor (GHD 2019f) ...... 55
Figure 7-16 Fauna habitats within the MDE (GHD 2019g) ...... 57
FI Joint Venture Pty Ltd - Yogi Magnetite Project - Mine Closure Plan | xv
Figure 7-17 Adult Western Spiny-tailed Skink in granitic habitat (GHD 2019g) ...... 58
Figure 7-18 Western Spiny-tailed Skink observations (GHD 2019g) ...... 59 Figure 7-19 Previous Aboriginal heritage survey extent (GHD 2019a) ...... 68
Appendices
Appendix A – Site hydrology photographs Appendix B – Vegetation assessment information
Appendix C - Fauna assessment information
Appendix D - Closure risk assessment register
FI Joint Venture Pty Ltd - Yogi Magnetite Project - Mine Closure Plan | xvi
1. Scope and purpose
1.1 Scope of this MCP
FI Joint Venture Pty Ltd (FIJV) proposes to construct and operate a magnetite iron ore project known as the Yogi Magnetite Project (the Project) approximately 225 km east-northeast of Geraldton and 15 km northeast of Yalgoo in Western Australia (WA). An open cut mine pit, mining overburden and waste rock facilities, processing waste contaminant facility and associated mining and processing support infrastructure will lie within a total footprint of no more than 1,530 ha within the 8,230 ha Mine Development Envelope (MDE). The Project also will involve the construction of a magnetite slurry pipeline and water pipeline to Geraldton Port and a gas supply pipeline from the Dampier to Bunbury Natural Gas Pipeline, which will lie within a Pipeline Development Envelope (PDE). The pipeline will have a maximum footprint of 200 ha within a 76 800.5 ha PDE.
Construction of the Project is anticipated to commence in Q1 2021, once all FIJV and regulatory approvals are secured. Operation of the mine is anticipated to commence in 2025, with an estimated mine life of around 21 years. The mine is planned to produce 4.5 million tonnes per annum (Mtpa) of magnetite concentrate at 67% Fe (Kusha Madan Consulting Eng. 2018). This scope of this MCP is to consider the closure of infrastructure and features within the MDE, as well as the magnetite, water and gas pipelines.
1.2 MCP purpose
This Mine Closure Plan (MCP) is being submitted to the Environmental Protection Authority of Western Australia (EPA) as part of its assessment under Part IV, section 38 of the Environmental Protection Act 1986 (EP Act). The Project was referred to the EPA on 19 December 2017 and on 26 February 2018 the EPA determined that the Project requires a Public Environmental Review (PER) level of assessment with a six-week public review period. The Project has also been referred to the Australian Government Department of Environment and Energy (DoEE) under the Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 (Commonwealth) (EPBC Act). The Proponent has requested that the EPA assess the Project under the assessment bilateral agreement under section 35 of the EPBC Act between the Government of Western Australia and the Commonwealth. The relevant matters of national environmental significance (MNES) for this Project are Listed Threatened Species and Listed Migratory Species. This document aims to satisfy the requirements of those environmental statutory obligations. This MCP has been developed in accordance with the Government of Western Australia’s Guidelines for Preparing Mine Closure Plans (May 2015) (the Guidelines). The purpose of this document is to identify the Project environmental risks and demonstrate that those risks can be managed without unacceptable liability to the State. Furthermore, that the Site is capable of sustaining an agreed post-mining land use which can be ecologically sustainable. Where that is not possible, the aim of this document is to identify the residual risks and their objectives for management, such that they can be agreed by key stakeholders.
This closure plan has been prepared in consideration of the Project’s stage of mining, which is the Planning and Design / Environmental Assessment Stage. It delineates the environmental issues and risks for the Project’s closure, with the aim of designing out those risks where possible during this planning phase. As the first MCP prepared for the Project, this document describes baseline environmental information and key data gaps to be closed out during subsequent iterations of closure planning. It is recognised that designing and planning for
FI Joint Venture Pty Ltd - Yogi Magnetite Project - Mine Closure Plan | 1
closure through an integrated and iterative process is a key to sustainable development (IAEA 2009 cited in The Guidelines, p. 70).
FI Joint Venture Pty Ltd - Yogi Magnetite Project - Mine Closure Plan | 2
2. Project overview
2.1 Proponent details
FIJV proposes to construct and operate the Yogi Magnetite Project. The sole shareholder of FIJV is FSTA Australia Pty Ltd, which is owned by Fakoor Sanat Company.
Proponent details and contact information are summarised in Table 2-1. Table 2-1 Proponent details
Proponent Details Company Name FI Joint Venture Pty Ltd ACN/ABN 611 846 023 / 51 611 846 023 Address Level 14, Forrest Centre, 221 St Georges Terrace, Perth WA 6000 Key Contact Representatives Name Shadi Sadegh Position Acting Managing Director Phone number +61 8 9485 0579, +61 414 546 534 Email [email protected]
2.2 Location
The Project is located approximately 225 km east-northeast of Geraldton, Western Australia on Geraldton-Mount Magnet Road as shown in Figure 2-1.
Figure 2-1 Project location (EnviroWorks Consulting 2017)
The Project’s tenements are located 15 km north-east of Yalgoo within the Shire of Yalgoo, which has an area of approximately 33,260 square kilometres in the Murchison Goldfields area. About 120 people live in the town of Yalgoo, while about 400 people live in the Shire. The primary industries in the Shire are mining ($122 million production annually) and pastoralism ($5.5 million annually) (Shire of Yalgoo, n.d.). The pipeline broadly follows the Mt Magnet road from the Yogi Mine Project area, west for approximately 80 km from the town site of Yalgoo.
FI Joint Venture Pty Ltd - Yogi Magnetite Project - Mine Closure Plan | 3
2.3 Tenure
The Project is situated on two mining leases, one miscellaneous licence and one prospecting licence. FIJV is the registered tenement holder for all listed in Table 2-2. The tenement boundaries are shown in Figure 2-2. These tenements are considered to be suitable tenure for the proposed mining operations described in Section 2.5 (EnviroWorks Consulting 2017). However, the proposed pipeline corridor (slurry, water, gas) will require FIJV to obtain the appropriate tenure for these uses. The pipeline corridor will overlap a range of tenure including freehold land, pastoral lease, road reserve, easement, reserve and state government owned land parcels. FIJV is investigating the most appropriate form of land tenure for the PDE, however it is expected that land access will be obtained through formal agreements with land owners. Table 2-2 FIJV tenements
Tenement Date granted Expiry date Status Mining lease M59/740 08/07/2011 07/07/2032 Live M59/637 01/08/2007 31/07/2028 Live Miscellaneous licence L59/156 22/09/2017 21/09/2038 Live Prospecting licence P59/2133 27/11/2017 26/11/2021 Live
2.4 History and status of the project
Mining Lease 59/637 was originally granted to Prosperity Resources (Yalgoo) Pty Ltd in January 2007. In December 2015, the tenement was transferred to Ferrowest Ltd. In 2011, Mining Lease 59/740 was then granted to Ferrowest Ltd in 2011 (which changed name to Living Cities Development Group Ltd in 2015), before both Mining Leases were transferred to FIJV in 2017.
The Yogi ore deposit (formerly known as the ‘Sam Deposit’) was explored substantially initially when the mining leases were first granted, however expenditure was minimal until the acquisition of the Yogi ore deposit and associated mining leases by FIJV.
Following the approval of the development from the Foreign Investment Review Board, FIJV referred the Project to the EPA under section 38 of the EP Act on 19 December 2017. In July 2018, FIJV obtained approval for the Project under the Western Australian governments Lead Agency Framework and it was nominated as a strategic project in Western Australia. Construction of the Project is anticipated to commence in Q1 2021, once all FIJV and regulatory approvals are secured. Some early works (e.g. construction camps) will be undertaken prior to the main development construction; however these are considered to be excluded from the Project under assessment. These schedules may change, depending on external approvals, internal funding approvals, business priorities and market conditions.
Operation of the mine is anticipated to commence in 2025, with an estimated mine life of around 21 years (GHD 2019a). The mine is planned to produce 4.5 million Mtpa of magnetite concentrate at 67% Fe (Kusha Madan Consulting Eng. 2018).
It is not expected for iron ore demand to decline in the long term. Magnetite ore in the ground typically has an iron content of about 20-30%. The Project proposed to be undertaken will mine
FI Joint Venture Pty Ltd - Yogi Magnetite Project - Mine Closure Plan | 4
a magnetite resource containing 30% total iron (% Fe). Magnetite concentrate is preferred by many steel makers and makes up 30% of the global furnace feed (EnviroWorks Consulting 2017).
2.5 Proposed mining operations and mine layout
The Project involves the construction of an iron magnetite mine and associated mining infrastructure with a total footprint of no more than 1,530 ha within the 8,230 ha MDE. The Project also will involve the construction of a magnetite slurry pipeline and water pipeline to Geraldton Port and a gas supply pipeline from the Dampier to Bunbury Natural Gas Pipeline, which will lie within a PDE. The pipeline will have a maximum footprint of 200 ha within a 76 800.5 ha PDE.
2.5.1 Proposed mining operations
Mining of the resource The Yogi resource is a magnetite-rich BIF, which forms a steeply dipping, arcuate deposit. The magnetite-rich BIF is tight to isoclinally folded and trends north–south for approximately 27 km (i.e. some areas outside of the Project tenements). The strike of the orebody varies from approximately 24˚ in the south, 0˚ in the centre, to 335˚ in the north. Within the proposed pit area this is approximately 310˚. The deposit is variably weathered, but is predominantly a banded haematite–magnetite–quartz rock with mafic amphiboles present at depth. The presence of the two iron oxides is interpreted as the result of progressive oxidation of a magnetite-rich protore (GHD 2019b). Mining will employ conventional open pit methods of drill and blast followed by load and haul, similar to the methods employed at other open cut mines in the Midwest and Pilbara. A single open cut mine pit is to be mined directly down with no waste backfill.
Dewatering Mining of magnetite will occur below groundwater and will include an open cut mine operation. Dewatering of the mine pit will be necessary as the mine pit depth will exceed the groundwater levels in the area, which range from 3.4 to 33.2 metres below ground level (mbgl) (EnviroWorks Consulting 2017). Mine dewatering uses a series of abstraction bores situated either within, or in close proximity, to the pit to gradually lower the groundwater table in the local area. It is expected that up to 5 gigalitres (GLpa) per year will be required to dewatered. The dewatering water will be used to feed the processing plant. The ore concentrate will be dewatered at Geraldton Port and recycled water will be returned to the mine site processing plant via a pipeline for reuse (EnviroWorks Consulting 2017).
Processing The operation will involve clearing and topsoil stockpiling, overburden drilling and blasting, followed by removal of material by truck. A processing plant will be constructed onsite. The magnetite ore will be transported to the run of mine (ROM) stockpile and processed via primary crushing, secondary crushing, stockpile and reclaim. Mine dewatering water will be used as water supply for the processing plant. Storage facilities adjacent to the mining operation will be designed for the disposal of the overburden and waste rock. Disposal will be appropriate and in accordance with the geochemical characterisation of the waste rock, which will determine its acid-forming and elemental composition (EnviroWorks Consulting 2017). Details on the geochemical nature of the waste rock are provided in Section 7.3.9.
FI Joint Venture Pty Ltd - Yogi Magnetite Project - Mine Closure Plan | 5
The wet waste from the processing process will be slurried, thickened and dewatered within the processing plant. A press filtration system will be used to dewater the waste and produce clean water that will be recycled back to the processing plant for reuse. The press filtration system will comprise of pressure filters for dewatering thickener underflow and clarifier for settling fine particles that passed through the pores of the filter cloth. The dewatered processing waste will be transferred to a specific and appropriately designed disposal facility within the MDE. Dry waste processing will also be transferred to a specific and appropriately designed waste disposal facility within the MDE (EnviroWorks Consulting 2017).
Pipeline corridor Three pipelines will be constructed within the PDE. The magnetite ore will be transported as a slurry within a pipeline to Geraldton Port. A return water pipeline will be used to transport water from the Port Dewatering Plant at Geraldton Port to the mine site for reuse in the processing plant. A gas pipeline will supply natural gas to the mine site from the Dampier to Bunbury Natural Gas Pipeline network.
The pipeline corridor’s route selection has aimed to: Avoid environmental values Consider Environmentally Sensitive Areas (ESAs)/cultural heritage sites and avoid impacts as far as practicable Give preference to cleared road reserves or other cleared corridors to avoid intersecting native vegetation and fauna habitat as far as practicable
Pipeline design and management measures will ensure minimal impacts to hydrological processes, water quality and terrestrial environmental quality (EnviroWorks Consulting 2017).
2.5.2 Mine layout
A summary of physical and operational infrastructure which are proposed to comprise the Project is listed in Table 2-3. Figure 2-2 presents the tenement boundaries, the mine site layout and major mine components. Figure 2-3 presents the Project area as well as the pipeline corridor within the broader regional setting. Table 2-3 Proposed extent of physical and operational Project elements (GHD 2019a)
Element Schedule 1 description Location Proposed extent Physical elements Mine Pit Mining void (with a M59/740 Clearing of no more depth of at least 5 (Figure 2-2) than 3,100 ha within metres) – below ground an 8,230 ha MDE. water level. Mining Overburden Waste dump or M59/740 and Waste Facilities overburden stockpile (Figure 2-2) - overburden facility (class 1 or class 2 still to - waste rock facility be confirmed) Processing Waste Waste dump or L59/156 Contaminant Facility overburden stockpile (Figure 2-2) - dry processing waste (class 1 or class 2 still to facility be confirmed) Mine and Processing internal site roads, M59/740 , Support Infrastructure electricity generation L59/156, and reticulation, fuel (Figure 2-2) storage sites, stockpiles and conveyors, crusher, processing plant,
FI Joint Venture Pty Ltd - Yogi Magnetite Project - Mine Closure Plan | 6
Element Schedule 1 description Location Proposed extent explosives warehouse, onsite buildings such as offices, storage, guard house, workshops and accommodation, sewage treatment facilities, landfill, water supply/monitoring bores, equipment parking and laydown areas, ponds (fresh, recycle and drainage) Pipeline Development Magnetite Slurry L59/156, Clearing of no more Envelope Pipeline, Water Pipeline (Figure 2-2), than 600 ha within and Gas Pipeline PDE 76,800.5 ha PDE (Figure 2-3) Operational elements Groundwater Water Supply Borefield L59/156 Up to 5 GLpa abstraction (water (Figure 2-2) demand) Mine site dewatering Abstraction bores close M59/740 Up to 5 GLpa (to be to mine will be used to (Figure 2-2) used for processing) lower groundwater table. Power On site Gas Power L59/156 (Figure 70 MW supply Station 2-2) Gas Supply Gas supply via L59/156 (Figure Rate of 23 TJ/day underground steel 2-2), PDE pipeline (Figure 2-3) Overburden/waste Waste dump or M59/740 Disposal of up to 800 rock overburden stockpile (Figure 2-2) million tonnes (over (class 1 or class 2 still to life of mine) be confirmed) Ore processing waste Waste dump or L59/156 Disposal of up to 80 overburden stockpile (Figure 2-2) million m3 of dry (class 1 or class 2 still to processing waste be confirmed) (over life of mine)
FI Joint Venture Pty Ltd - Yogi Magnetite Project - Mine Closure Plan | 7 Legend State Road
Site Layout Explosive Warehouse Guard House Power Station Pipeline Fresh Water Pond Administration Unsurfaced Site Road Workshop Development Envelope Explosive Warehouse Processing Plant Borefield Pipeline Development Envelope Mine Site Layout Drainage Water Pond Power Station Mine Pit P 59/2133 Water Pond Crusher Tenements
Ore Stockpile L 59/156 Parking Waste Rock Facility M 59/740 Mine Pit Dry Processing Overburden Waste Facility Facility
Guard House
M 59/637
Geraldton Mt Magnet Rd
Paper Size ISO A3 FI Joint Venture Pty Ltd Project No. 61-37117 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 Yogi-Magnetite Project Revision No. A Date 01 Aug 2018 Kilometers
Map Projection: Transverse Mercator Horizontal Datum: GDA 1994 Grid: GDA 1994 MGA Zone 50 Mine Site FIGURE 2-2 G:\61\37117\GIS\Maps\Working\Yogi Mine\6137117_001_MineSite_revA.mxd Data source: MRWA: State Roads - 20171024; FIJV: Mine Tenements, Mine Site Layout, Development Envelope, Pipeline Development Envelope - 20171025; Landgate: Imagery. Created by: artermulo Print date: 01 Aug 2018 - 17:20 Legend
d
R W
City o Y a o a
w l
g l
g
Galena Nature Reserve e o
Local Road l
o
l ro Rd d o s u
k d n o g R
o M State Road Br R Elphick Rd - N e - yn o ram Y a Railways er ui Tardie - r
y N n n e Yuin Rd t g Rd h
o n w k
d
v Ajana East Rd a R a
Yogi Mine Project HArea r r
Rd L R
s d a a
l n e g r - n l a i
e r Pipeline Corridor (Approx.t Location) o d a
k o a s r D c m a a
i t C r T o a Pipeline Development Envelope (Approx. Location) - W
C d D n
t R o DBCA Managed Lands ands WatersB
in y n d a
e u d r b East R r R
W a a
Conservation Park d l G r e
h o t h d
r Nature Reserve F W R o
d - N a d
a n R R l u l Section 5(1)(h) Reserve l d th a a a g n R d n
B R a in o Timber Reserve r P o e Wandana Nature Reserve - o N y r
d n H n o o o y Ogilvie Nature Reserve o R ab l m G East Rd d t C Ogilvie r r s h a o Urawa Nature Reserve i R o l D l d m d m t R o r
d n r
y R a Da R Rd d
N t n
d Rl d i l a i o s n d a P n a d
u lb an Coo E - We n W a W awa Rd a e r R r
Rd u l tt U a
io d
l B g Murrays L Murrays
l r
E a NORTHAMPTON Wand d in in R r B w
e a Nu a B d
j R a Morcom b d b W Weirmonger Nature Reserve e es Rd r d w t R B o o o East B McGauran Nature Reserve agne M o n Mt M a o to r d l R a ld s le d r ra n H k r Y ea ah u Ge R h o T Rd na R e a -T n d o d t e g c o d Rose St n
h g l R East Nabawa i n R a
d - d
R d h Y t d
d R F W Y
e r Ullrich's L e - g a R a
w o a r w B n u ra l
e Rd o g d I a N r nd l M u ia l r lla i a o n
R R a R n T r o d g n d
d o Bella Vista Nature Reserve r a a - n
i a y MULLEWA w d Bone j N
d Rd d P
R R ah B Rd w a i ra R
Du Rd Baugh a n d r n r B g r Oakajee Nature Reserve n o e a h
t u
Nungulya Rd Nungulya a
R ati d e d n r R P Barrabarra Rd d St a R th d T d or R N ea at Valentine Rd u ck Y d The Forty Four Mile Nature Reserve o Dean Rd DRUMMOND COVE a a K r Wilroy
n S Rd Kelly
E Simon Rd g E Kockatea Nature Reserve u e r ll a i t v d a R Mindage Spring Rd u n
d S R A d d o m Fairfax Dr R u s Grima Rd t b e h Rd a n il ma GERALDTON R Rd Moore e n d Fre G d Rd Jenkins i R a Rd
Eves n A Casuarinas Rd Casuarinas R du Pallotine Rd Gerber Rd r r
d r d
Ta i dy - n G R ongoon e d W o r R o a a P ld k k Erangy Spring Nature Reserve a h t o le
o South Rd Ardingly e n o a lp n d Mill Rd s e n Rd Canna Nature Reserve W n e Arthur Rd n ll y - N a i alkawa a K R l E W ng o Fabling Rd d ka M et Wongoondy Nature Reserve w ty a w Rd l B a d ra y Burma Road Nature Reserve Sts Rd d Rd n R
d e d Coalseam Conservation Park ki
H R ic Wubin Mullewa w d M
y l d R
l i R Gutha East Rd Ludlow Rd
H e in Rd Indar
B m k t
ur a e
o e n
m a p
a s
l N d R e R a
East d Rd Taseff
D
Michael Rd Michael Erangy Spring Rd Spring Erangy o
a Rd Bore ar Byro Rd
k C
o Rd Milloy Bo adji R West Rd K d ruka Bell Rd d Allanooka Springs Rd Pintha R ji Lake Kad Mt Horner West Rd White Rd
Tabletop Rd Tabletop M d R
w d
MINGENEW Mingene ora Moffet Rd Moffet
w Munckton Rd R Pinchers Rd a Rd e Mungada n
i n
o l M Paper Size ISO A3 l Midlands a FI Joint Venture Pty Ltd Project No. 61-37117 d Lake Rd Jones F Bowgarder Nature Reserve per W R 0 2 4 6 8 10 Yogi-Magnetite Project Revision No. 0 ic Koolanooka Dam Nature Reserve DONGARA k Mount Nunn Nature Reserve M d d Date 23 Aug 2018 Cop
School Rd R e R o R d t Neates Rd Kilometers Norton Rd Moffett Rd Moffett da r K ocha r o a L t a a il o g Weelhamby Lake Nature Reserve d M l n il Map Projection: Transverse Mercator i o e
Mooriary Rd Mooriary i
s KararaRd Horizontal Datum: GDA 1994 Calver Rd r C R D yR d r Grid: GDA 1994 MGA Zone 50 str d Be Pipeline Route FIGURE 2-3
G:\61\37117\GIS\Maps\Working\Pipeline\6137117_002_PipelineRoute_rev0.mxdRd Bligh Data source: GHD: Pipeline Development Envelope, Pipeline Corridor; DBCA: Managed Lands and Waters - 20170730; Landgate: Cadastre - 20180709, Imagery - Accessed 20180705. Created by: artermulo Print date: 23 Aug 2018 - 09:15
W a r 3. Closure obligations and commitments
The Project will comply with its legal obligations, including tenement conditions issued by the Department of Mines, Industry Regulation and Safety (DMIRS) under the Mining Act 1978 (WA). and provisions in State and Federal Acts (and their Regulations) applicable to rehabilitation and mine closure.
3.1 Applicable legislation
The applicable Acts and Regulations include, but may not be restricted to the following presented in Table 3-1. Table 3-1 Applicable legislation
Type Name Environment Biodiversity and Conservation Act 2016 (WA) Biosecurity and Agriculture Management Act 2007 (WA) Bush Fires Act 1954 (WA) Conservation and Land Management Act 1984 (WA) Contaminated Sites Act 2003 (WA) Contaminated Sites Regulations 2006 (WA) Environmental Protection Act 1986 (WA) Environmental Protection Regulations 1987 (WA) Environmental Protection (Noise) Regulations 1997 (WA) Environmental Protection (Clearing of Native Vegetation) Regulations 2004 (WA) Environmental Protection (Controlled Waste) Regulations 2004 (WA) Environmental Protection (Unauthorised Discharges) Regulations 2004 (WA) Environmental Protection (Rural Landfill) Regulations 2002 (WA) Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation (EPBC) Act 1999 (Cth) Environment and Biodiversity Conservation Regulations 2000 (Cth) Rights in Water and Irrigation Act 1914 (WA) Heritage Aboriginal Heritage Act 1972 (WA) Aboriginal Heritage Regulations 1974 (WA) Heritage Act 2018 / Heritage of Western Australia Act 1990 (WA) Native Title Act 1993 (Cth) Safety Dangerous Goods Safety Act 2004 (WA) Dangerous Goods Safety Regulations (various) 2007 (WA) Health Act 1911 (WA) Health (Asbestos) Regulations 1992 (WA) Occupational Safety and Health Act 1984 (WA) Radiation Safety Act 1975 (WA)
FI Joint Venture Pty Ltd - Yogi Magnetite Project - Mine Closure Plan | 10
Type Name Mining Mining Act 1978 (WA) Mining Regulations 1981 (WA) Mines Safety and Inspection Act 1994 (WA) Mines Safety and Inspection Regulations 1995 (WA) Mining Rehabilitation Fund Act 2012 (WA) Mining Rehabilitation Fund Regulations 2013 (WA) Pastoral Land Administration Act 1997 (WA)
3.2 Legal obligations register
The legal obligations register for the Project is presented in Table 3-2. At the present stage in the Project the legal obligations register comprises existing tenement conditions which relate to closure. Table 3-2 Summary of existing tenement conditions in relation to closure
Tenement Condition No. Closure conditions
M59/740 2 All surface holes drilled for the purpose of exploration are to be capped, filled or otherwise M59/637 2 made safe immediately after completion.
M59/740 3 All disturbances to the surface of the land made as a result of exploration, including costeans, drill M59/637 3 pads, grid lines and access tracks, being backfilled and rehabilitated to the satisfaction of the L59/156 13 Environmental Officer, Department of Mines and Petroleum (DMP). Backfilling and rehabilitation P59/2133 1 being required no later than 6 months after excavation unless otherwise approved in writing by the Environmental Officer, DMP.
M59/740 4 All waste materials, rubbish, plastic bags, abandoned equipment and temporary buildings M59/637 4 being removed from the mining tenement prior to or at the termination of exploration program. L59/156 14
P59/2133 2
M59/740 5 Unless the written approval of the Environmental Officer, DMP is first obtained, the use of drilling rigs, M59/637 5 scrapers, graders, bulldozers, backhoes or other mechanised equipment for surface disturbance or P59/2133 3 the excavation of costeans is prohibited. Following approval, all topsoil being removed ahead of mining operations and separately stockpiled for replacement after backfilling and/or completion of operations.
FI Joint Venture Pty Ltd - Yogi Magnetite Project - Mine Closure Plan | 11
4. Stakeholder engagement
FIJV recognises the importance of stakeholder engagement in achieving successful mine closure. The early engagement of key stakeholders is fundamental to identifying an acceptable endpoint and pathways to achieve site closure and land relinquishment. Recognising this, FIJV have developed a Stakeholder Engagement Strategy (SES) (GHD 2019c) which establishes an overarching framework that identifies key stakeholders and the methodology for their engagement throughout the project stages. A summary of the SES is presented in the below sections and further details can be obtained from the referenced report. The SES is dynamic and will be continually refined over time. The SES will be reviewed periodically to reflect the evolution of the Yogi Mine Project, stakeholders and issues as they emerge, and includes a monitoring and evaluation process for its implementation and performance. The key stakeholder risks, key messages and activities will be reviewed and adjusted to accurately reflect potential changes in the engagement context as the Project progresses. A detailed action plan for implementation of the SES is being prepared by FIJV and will be completed prior to the submission of the next revision of this Mine Closure Plan.
4.1 Key stakeholders
The groups of key stakeholders to the Project, as currently identified in the SES, are the following listed in Table 4-1. Stakeholder identification and analysis will continue throughout the life of the Project to ensure engagement continues to achieve the key consultation objectives of the Project, including those concerned with rehabilitation, closure and relinquishment. The key stakeholders to the Project are considered to be: Critical to the project approval and development process, such as decision-making authorities;
Potentially directly impacted by the Project;
Potentially indirectly impacted by the Project; and
Not impacted by the Project but potentially interested in being kept informed of Project activities. Table 4-1 Key stakeholders (GHD 2019c)
Key stakeholder group Individual stakeholders Commonwealth Departments of: Environment and Energy (DoEE), Agriculture and Water Government – Agencies Resources State Government – Ministers for: Aboriginal Affairs, Environment, Lands, Transport, Planning, Departmental Ministers Mines and Petroleum, Regional Development, Agriculture and Food, State Development Jobs and Trade, Water, Tourism, Local Government State Government – Departments of: Water and Environmental Regulation (DWER), Mines Agencies Industry Regulation and Safety (DMIRS), Planning Lands and Heritage, Biodiversity Conservation and Attractions (DBCA), Transport, Primary Industries and Regional Development, Jobs Tourism Science and Innovation Mid West Ports Authority Mid West Development Commission Main Roads Western Australia State Government – Members for Geraldton, Moore, North West Central, Mining and Pastoral Elected Representatives Region, Agricultural Region Local Government Shires of: Yalgoo, Murchison, Chapman Valley
FI Joint Venture Pty Ltd - Yogi Magnetite Project - Mine Closure Plan | 12
Key stakeholder group Individual stakeholders City of Greater Geraldton (including Mullewa Ward) Industry/business Mid West Chamber of Commerce and Industry representative groups Geraldton Chamber of Commerce Midwest Employment and Economic Development Aboriginal Corporation Traditional Owners Widi Mob (represented by MPS Law) Mullewa Wadjari Community Wajarri Yamatji #1 Yamatji Marlpa Aboriginal Corporation Southern Yamatji Land owners, lease Freehold land owners holders, tenement Pastoral lease holders: Wagga Wagga Station, Carlaminda Station, holders Coastal Dairy Supplies Mount Gibson Iron Australian Gas Infrastructure Group APA Group Arc Infrastructure Local residents, Local residents businesses and Local businesses/operators community Local community groups Broader community Conservation groups Rangelands NRM Northern Agricultural Catchments Council Service providers Fire and Emergency Services Western Power Energy Communication providers Health services: Yalgoo Health Centre – Nursing Post, Mullewa Hospital, Geraldton Regional Hospital Media: ABC Geraldton
4.2 Stakeholder engagement strategy
4.2.1 Engagement activities and tools
The SES is aligned with the project phases and has a multifaceted approach to ensure that engagement and communication with stakeholders is undertaken in an appropriate, accessible and meaningful way. The engagement activities which may be used to engage dialogue concerning mine closure are described in Table 4-2. Although social media may be a preferred by some stakeholders, FIJV will in the first instance undertake all online engagement via the project website. The need to utilise other social media tools will be reviewed and assessed as the project progresses. Table 4-2 Engagement activities and tools (GHD 2019c)
Activity / tool Description Target stakeholders Strategic Meetings and briefings with key decision makers Commonwealth Government meetings and agencies briefings State Government agencies Local Government
FI Joint Venture Pty Ltd - Yogi Magnetite Project - Mine Closure Plan | 13
Activity / tool Description Target stakeholders Targeted Meetings and direct discussions, particularly with Traditional owners meetings and those stakeholders directly affected by the project Land owners / lease holders discussions and infrastructure Industry / business representative groups Conservation groups Key community groups Public meetings Meetings to share information about the project Local residents and provide updates Local businesses / operators Broader community Project Information sheets to provide detailed updates on All stakeholders information the project (electronic and hard copy as sheets appropriate), including maps and diagrams Questions and Set of appropriate and approved responses to All stakeholders answers anticipated questions (electronic and hard copy document as appropriate) Letters and Content may include project introduction, project All stakeholders emails updates, seek input or information, or to provide notification to affected stakeholders of potential disturbances Works Provide specific information about construction Affected stakeholders notifications activities to affected stakeholders and broader community Print Newspaper advertisements for project updates, All stakeholders advertisements notifications or engagement events Media releases Media releases to provide project information and All stakeholders updates Telephone Contact telephone number and email for All stakeholders number and stakeholder enquiries email Project website Provide information about the project, with All stakeholders information updated as it becomes available through the project planning and development
4.2.2 Stakeholder engagement register
As part of implementing the SES, a record of all stakeholder engagement for the Project will be maintained in a stakeholder engagement register. The stakeholder engagement register will document all engagement, communications and actionable feedback, meetings and workshop minutes, stakeholder discussions and comments, so that FIJV can accurately monitor and report on potential issues and risks and plan for future consultation. Some engagement and communication with stakeholders may be undertaken in confidence, particularly with traditional owners, land owners and lease holders around land access negotiations, and will be identified as such in the stakeholder engagement register. FIJV will ensure that any identifying information is removed from the summary of this engagement in publicly available documents. FIJV will also nominate a company representative to oversee the implementation, regular review and continuous improvement of the SES. Stakeholder consultation that has occurred to date is summarised in Table 4-3.
FI Joint Venture Pty Ltd - Yogi Magnetite Project - Mine Closure Plan | 14
Table 4-3 Stakeholder engagement register (EnviroWorks Consulting 2017; GHD 2019c)
Date Description Stakeholders Issues raised Response Stakeholder of and/or response Engagement resolution
Pre-2015 Meetings, DBCA Lodgement of Priority flora Acceptable telephone priority flora records are now discussions, records for reflected in DBCA emails/letters historical flora database surveys (by Ferrowest) 2016 Meetings, DMIRS FIJV applied for Tenements Acceptable telephone tenements issued by DMIRS discussions, Changes to and are currently emails/letters tenements and “live” other dealings with DMIRS 2016- Meetings, Shire of Yalgoo Provide Shire confirmed Acceptable 2017 telephone information and the Project was discussions, updates on the compatible with emails/letters Project land uses in the Shire 2016 Meetings, Wagga Wagga Site access Site access Acceptable telephone Station sought by FIJV for granted for discussions, exploration exploration emails/letters activities activities. 2016- Meetings, Carlaminda Site access Site access Acceptable 2017 telephone Station sought by FIJV for sought by FIJV discussions, exploration for exploration emails/letters activities activities. 2017- Meetings, DWER/EPA FIJV correspond DWER/EPA Acceptable present telephone with DWER/EPA advised that discussions, to provide referral to the emails/letters information on the EPA was Project and warranted regarding DWER/EPA approvals continue to processes correspond with FIJV regarding the ongoing approvals process - Meetings, City of Greater Provide Access provided Acceptable telephone Geraldton information and for botanical discussions, updates on the surveys emails/letters Project and to seek access to land for botanical surveys as part of the environmental assessment - Meetings, Mid West Ports Memorandum of Memorandum of Acceptable telephone Authority Understanding Understanding discussions, sought by FIJV established emails/letters regarding access at Geraldton Port for shipment
FI Joint Venture Pty Ltd - Yogi Magnetite Project - Mine Closure Plan | 15
Date Description Stakeholders Issues raised Response Stakeholder of and/or response Engagement resolution
- Telephone Shire of Yalgoo Seek access to Access granted Acceptable discussions, land for botanical emails/letters surveys as part of the environmental assessment - Telephone Wagga Wagga Seek access to Access granted Acceptable discussions, Station, land for botanical emails/letters Carlaminda surveys as part of Station the environmental assessment
4.2.3 Upcoming stakeholder engagement
Prior to the next revision of this Mine Closure Plan:
A detailed action plan for implementation of the SES will be completed. Furthermore, where the contents of that plan prescribe stakeholder engagement within the next three years, that plan will be executed.
FI Joint Venture Pty Ltd - Yogi Magnetite Project - Mine Closure Plan | 16
5. Post-mining land use and closure objectives
5.1 Post-mining land use
The closure concept for the Project is to return the land to its pre-mining land use. Currently, the MDE is within the sheep farming pastoral leases of Carlaminda Station and Wagga Wagga Station. The land has crown land tenure with pastoral lease land use. It is expected that the land at mine closure will incorporate mining operation landforms into the landscape. Where possible, areas will be rehabilitated to support self-sustaining ecosystem and native vegetation. There is precedent in the region that rehabilitation back to pastoral lease land is viable (BHP 2018; Crosslands Resources Pty Ltd 2017; Sandstone Operations Pty Ltd 2017). The PDE currently overlaps a range of land use types including freehold land, pastoral lease, road reserve, easement, reserve and state government owned land parcels. The closure concept for the pipeline route is to return the land to its pre-mining land use. The closure concept will be considered during the negotiations for land access.
Importantly, the post-mining land use will develop following further consultation with key stakeholders. It is recognised that the end land use may change over time with more information and stakeholder engagement, for example a shift towards multiple end land uses on the site comprising self-sustaining native vegetation (supporting native fauna) and self-sustaining native vegetation (to support pastoral grazing).Stakeholder consultation regarding the post-mining land use will be undertaken prior to the next revision of this MCP and in accordance with the SES.
5.2 Project closure objectives
The closure objectives for the Project are summarised in Table 5-1. These closure objectives will be refined following stakeholder engagement and developed further as more information is made available regarding the Project and its environment. Table 5-1 Project closure objectives
Project closure objectives
The Project will comply with the legal conditions and commitments made regarding its operation and closure.
Infrastructure and waste will be removed from site unless agreed to by key stakeholders.
Landforms will be safe, stable and will not cause significant environmental impact.
Revegetation will be undertaken and will be tailored to the post-mining land use.
The availability, quality and flow regime of water resources will not adversely affect post- mining environmental values.
5.3 Closure domains
A domain based closure planning method has been adopted for the Project. Each domain includes landforms or infrastructure with similar closure requirements. For details on the mining process and a description of each of the stages of the process, refer to the Environmental Review Document to which this MCP is submitted. Four domains have been identified at this stage of the closure process, namely:
FI Joint Venture Pty Ltd - Yogi Magnetite Project - Mine Closure Plan | 17
Mine pit;
Mine and processing support infrastructure (including the pipeline corridor);
Mining overburden and waste rock facilities; Processing waste containment facility.
A map of the mine site indicating each domain is presented in Figure 5-1.
FI Joint Venture Pty Ltd - Yogi Magnetite Project - Mine Closure Plan | 18 Legend State Road Site Layout Pipeline Unsurfaced Site Road Development Envelope Pipeline Development Envelope Administration Fresh Water Pond Mine Site Layout Workshop Mine Pit Explosive Warehouse Processing Plant ") Borefield Domains Mine Pit Drainage Water Pond ") Power Station Mine and Processing Support Infrastructure P 59/2133 Mining Overburden and Waste Facilities Crusher Ore Processing Waste Contaminant Facility Stockpile L 59/156 Parking Waste Rock Facility M 59/740 Mine Pit Dry Processing Overburden Waste Facility Facility
") Guard House
M 59/637
Geraldton Mt Magnet Rd
Paper Size ISO A3 FI Joint Venture Pty Ltd Project No. 61-37117 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 Yogi-Magnetite Project Revision No. A Date 17 Apr 2019 Kilometers
Map Projection: Transverse Mercator Horizontal Datum: GDA 1994 o Grid: GDA 1994 MGA Zone 50 Closure Domains FIGURE 5-1 G:\61\37117\GIS\Maps\Working\Yogi Mine\6137117_001_ClosureDomains_RevA.mxd Data source: MRWA: State Roads - 20171024; FIJV: Mine Tenements, Mine Site Layout, Development Envelope, Pipeline Development Envelope - 20171025; Landgate: Imagery. Created by: artermulo Print date: 17 Apr 2019 - 15:39
5.4 Domain closure objectives
Closure objectives for each domain are summarised in Table 5-2. Table 5-2 Domain closure objectives
Domain Closure objectives Mine Pit: Final pit design is structurally and geotechnically safe, stable and - open cut mine non-polluting. The final pit design does not present an unacceptable risk to environmental or human receptors. Mining Overburden and Waste Final landform design is structurally and geotechnically safe, Facilities: stable and non-polluting. - overburden facility Landforms are contoured and revegetated to reflect regional - waste rock facility landscape and meet post-mining land use. Landforms do not present an unacceptable risk to environmental or human receptors. Processing Waste Final landform design is structurally and geotechnically safe, Contaminant Facility stable and non-polluting. - dry processing waste facility Waste is characterised and the storage facility commensurately designed to not present an unacceptable risk to environmental or human receptors. Landform is contoured and revegetated to reflect site landscape and meet post-mining land use. Mine and Processing Support Infrastructure, roads, services and stockpiles not required by Infrastructure post-mining land owner are removed. - internal site roads Surface water bodies are removed from site, unless retention is - electricity generation and agreed upon with stakeholders. Any water bodies remaining reticulation onsite will have water quality compatible with surrounding - fuel storage environmental values and will be flood path conscious. - stockpiles and conveyors Site landscape reflects regional topography and meets post- - processing plant mining land use. - explosives warehouse - onsite buildings/offices/workshops - sewage treatment facilities and landfill - water supply/monitoring bores - equipment parking and laydown areas - ponds (fresh/recycle/drainage) - pipeline corridor All domains All infrastructure not required for post-mining land use are removed and remaining landscape reflects regional topography. All disturbed areas are rehabilitated with vegetation that is compatible with the surrounding ecosystems and shows resilience. All disturbed areas have soil properties compatible with supporting the post-mining land use.
5.5 Conceptual landform design diagrams
Conceptual post-mining landform designs require an understanding of the finalised mine site landforms and the stakeholder’s input into the post-mining site landscape. Preliminary conceptual landform design diagrams will be developed prior to the next MCP revision (refer to Section 9.1.1).
FI Joint Venture Pty Ltd - Yogi Magnetite Project - Mine Closure Plan | 20
6. Development of completion criteria
The completion criteria for the Project have been developed upon information available at the time of drafting this MCP and will be developed further throughout the lifetime of the Project prior to closure. Therefore the completion criteria for the Project at this time are reflective of the proposed mining operations, proposed post-mining land use (pastoral land) and proposed closure objectives developed for each domain. As the mine’s active life progresses and end of life approaches, further consultation with relevant stakeholders will be conducted to reflect any possible changes in stakeholder needs and regulatory guideline requirements. A summary of the closure objectives and completion criteria for the domains are summarised in Table 6-1. The “measurement tools” are means through which closure data/information can be collected and used to assess the achievement of the closure objectives.
FI Joint Venture Pty Ltd - Yogi Magnetite Project - Mine Closure Plan | 21
Table 6-1 Proposed completion criteria
Domain Closure objectives Indicative closure criteria Completion criteria Measurement tools Mine Pit - Final pit design will be - Concept level engineering of final pit - Detailed engineering design, - Audit of pit design to confirm - open cut mine structurally and geotechnically design, which includes stable wall angles. specifications and ‘as-constructed’ compliance with design safe, stable and non-polluting. - Hydraulic connections with the pit do drawings of pit and surrounds specifications, regulatory -The final pit design does not not significantly alter ground and/or following final earthworks. standards and stakeholder input. present an unacceptable risk to surface water geochemistry or other - Environmental monitoring results - Monitoring results achieve environmental or human environmental values. Hydraulic meet targets for the surrounding groundwater and surface water receptors. connections are estimated and validated natural ecosystem. completion criteria. by a water balance, modelling and/or - Drawings and final specifications - Recording of stakeholder monitoring. of pit and surrounds include safety engagement in register. - Access is restricted or suitable public requirements. risk management in place. - The risk and SES registers - Any residual risks to environmental and indicates acceptance of any human receptors have been identified on residual risks by stakeholders. the risk register and form part of stakeholder engagement discussions. Mining Overburden and - Final landform design is - Concept level engineering designs and - Detailed landform design - Inspections, audits and Waste Facilities structurally and geotechnically specifications for final landforms which specifications identifying surface monitoring of landform stability, - overburden facility safe, stable and non-polluting. consider slope, slumping, movement, run off, slope design parameters surface drainage, erosion control - waste rock facility - Landforms are contoured and drainage, erosion, visual amenity, and erosion rates. and structural integrity. revegetated to reflect regional relevant standards and guidelines. - Landforms show no visual - Monitoring of surface water and landscape and meet post-mining - Concept level rehabilitation strategy evidence of slumping or failure of groundwater quality to ensure land use. based on baseline flora and material constructed slopes or batters. environmental targets are met. - Landforms do not present an balance. - Landforms show evidence of - Vegetation monitoring achieves unacceptable risk to successful revegetation. ecosystem targets for final land environmental or human - Designs meet relevant DMIRS use. receptors. Guidelines (Waste Rock Dumps) and Australian Standards.
Processing Waste - Final landform design is - Concept level engineering designs and - Detailed landform designs and - Audit of engineering design Contaminant Facility structurally and geotechnically specifications that consider the specifications. against standards and guidelines. - dry processing waste safe, stable and non-polluting. placement and encapsulation of wastes - Detailed waste material - Inspections, audits and facility - Waste is characterised and the (with different environmental risk profiles) characterisation. monitoring of landform stability, storage facility commensurately within the same landform. - Environmental monitoring results surface drainage, erosion control designed to not present an - Concept level landform design that meet targets for the surrounding and structural integrity of unacceptable risk to considers erosion, capping, shaping and natural ecosystem. constructed landform against environmental or human revegetation to match the environmental -Designs meet relevant DMIRS design. receptors. risk profile of the contained waste. Guidelines and Australian - Monitoring of surface water, - Landform is contoured and Standards. groundwater and vegetation to revegetated to reflect site ensure environmental targets are landscape and meet post-mining met. land use.
FI Joint Venture Pty Ltd - Yogi Magnetite Project - Mine Closure Plan | 22
Domain Closure objectives Indicative closure criteria Completion criteria Measurement tools Mine and Processing - Infrastructure, roads, services - Conceptual closure topography is - Detailed design and specification - Inspections and audits of Support Infrastructure and stockpiles not required by consistent with the baseline and/or of site drainage and topography, drainage features. - internal site roads stakeholders are removed. regional landscape. including overflow designs. - Monitoring of surface water to - electricity generation and - Surface water bodies will be - Drainage designs, including overflow - Surface water monitoring results ensure environmental targets are reticulation removed from site, unless pathways, are to be stable, sustainable meet targets for the surrounding met. - fuel storage- stockpiles retention is agreed upon with and have water quality results that natural ecosystem. - Listing on the Contaminated and conveyors stakeholders. Any water bodies achieve the target values determined for - Any contaminated sites Sites Database (DWER) and/or - processing plant remaining onsite will have water post-mining land use. investigations have been closed the stakeholder engagement - explosives warehouse quality compatible with - The site satisfies requirements under out, or ongoing responsibility register. - onsite surrounding environmental the Contaminated Sites Act and transferred in a transparent buildings/offices/workshops values and will be flood path Regulations. manner through the stakeholder - sewage treatment conscious. engagement process. facilities and landfill - Site landscape reflects regional - water supply/monitoring topography and meets post- bores mining land use. - equipment parking and laydown areas - ponds (fresh/recycle/drainage) - pipelines (slurry, water, gas) All domains - All infrastructure not required - Concept level design of the site - Detailed design of site landscape - Infrastructure audit post-closure. for post-mining land use are topography at closure is consistent with reflects regional topography and - Stakeholder complaints or removed and remaining the baseline and/or regional landscape. agreed upon post-mining land satisfaction with visual amenity as landscape reflects regional - Concept level rehabilitation strategy use. recorded from the register. topography. based on baseline flora studies to - Detailed revegetation plan for - Monitoring confirms recruitment - All disturbed areas are indicate native seed mixes, topsoil each domain, with annual of native perennial species in the rehabilitated with vegetation that material balance, soil properties, physical rehabilitation targets achieved. rehabilitation, as evidenced by is compatible with the works (contouring, ripping, seeding) and - Soil sampling results meet flowering, fruiting, soil seed bank surrounding ecosystems and annual rehabilitation targets. rehabilitation targets for physical, or second generation seedlings. shows resilience. chemical and biological - Inspections/monitoring confirms - All disturbed areas have soil characteristics. adequate management of pests properties compatible with and weeds. supporting the post-mining land - Soil quality parameters sampled use. and analysed using NATA accredited laboratories.
FI Joint Venture Pty Ltd - Yogi Magnetite Project - Mine Closure Plan | 23
7. Collection and analysis of closure data
Baseline environmental investigations provide an understanding of the pre-existing conditions of the site and surrounding area, which can inform closure objectives, closure criteria and monitoring indicators. The following section describes the baseline environmental data for the Project.
7.1 Previously completed environmental investigations
Environmental investigations have been previously undertaken within or intersecting the MDE on the behalf of previous and current tenement owners. These investigations are listed in Table 7-1. Table 7-1 Summary of previously completed environmental investigations
Investigation Date Person/s responsible Flora Flora and Vegetation Assessment Yalgoo Iron 2006 ATA Environmental Project Spring Flora and Vegetation Assessment Yalgoo 2007 ATA Environmental Iron Floristic assessments of regional area and specific 2007- Department of Parks and Wildlife (DPaW) to Yogi Mine Project (information in NatureMap 2018 (The Department of Biodiversity, database) Conservation and Attractions) Western Haematite Deposit, Yalgoo Spring Flora 2008 Ecoscape (Australia) Pty Ltd Survey Final Targeted Rare Flora Survey, Exploration Leases, 2010 Coffey Environmental Pty Ltd Yalgoo Iron Project Ferrowest Limited: Yalgoo Iron Project 2011 Maia Environmental Consultancy (Tenements E59/1097 and M59/740) Flora and vegetation of the banded iron formations 2011 Adrienne S. Markey and Steven J. Dillon of the Yilgarn Craton: Yalgoo Fauna Vertebrate Fauna Assessment, Yalgoo Iron 2006 ATA Environmental Project Vertebrate Fauna Survey Yalgoo Iron Ore Project 2008 Coffey Environments Pty Ltd Hydrogeology Yogi Project Preliminary Hydrogeology Program 2017 SRK Consulting Report Aboriginal heritage Report of an Aboriginal Heritage Survey of a 2006 Wayne Glendenning (Western Heritage Proposed Exploration Drilling Project at Yalgoo Research Pty Ltd) Report of an Aboriginal Heritage Survey of a 2007 Wayne Glendenning (Western Heritage Proposed Exploration Drilling Project at Yalgoo (reported Research Pty Ltd) with the Wadjari Yamatji and Hodder Family 2011) Report of an Aboriginal Heritage Survey of the 2009 Wayne Glendenning (Western Heritage Proposed Western Haematite Project near Yalgoo Research Pty Ltd)
FI Joint Venture Pty Ltd - Yogi Magnetite Project - Mine Closure Plan | 24
Investigation Date Person/s responsible Memo: Notes on recent Heritage Survey – WHP 2012 Graeme Johnston (Ferrowest Ltd) to Wayne North Heritage Survey Glendenning (Western Heritage Research Pty Ltd)
7.2 Current program of work - environmental investigations
FIJV has commissioned environmental investigations to be undertaken concurrently with the preparation of this MCP, so that baseline data is available prior to the commencement of mining operations. The current program of work is summarised in Table 7-2. Outcomes of these investigations, where relevant, will be incorporated into the next revision of this MCP. Table 7-2 Summary of program of work
Investigation Start date Person/s responsible Flora and vegetation August 2018 GHD assessment of mine site (desktop assessment and field survey) Fauna assessment of mine August 2018 GHD site (level 1 and level 2 surveys) Survey for Short Range October 2018 Invertebrate Solutions Endemic Fauna Flora and fauna assessment November GHD of pipeline corridor (desktop 2018 assessment and field survey) Phase 1 Survey for August 2018 Invertebrate Solutions Subterranean Fauna (stygofauna and troglofauna) Desktop hydrogeology September GHD assessment 2018 Groundwater assessment February 2019 GHD Surface water assessment October 2018 GHD Air quality assessment February 2019 GHD Aboriginal heritage desktop February 2019 FIJV study Aboriginal heritage survey February 2019 FIJV Materials characterisation March 2019 GHD
7.3 Environmental data
The following section provides a summary of the best available environmental data on aspects of the physical and biological environments, as well as of the heritage aspects of the proposed Project location.
7.3.1 Climate
The mine site is located within the Yalgoo subregion of Western Australia. The climate of this region is classified as Mediterranean, semi-arid to arid and warm, with two distinct seasons: a hot and dry summer (December to February) and a mild wet winter (June to August) (Payne et al. 1998; Markey and Dillon 2006). The closest current weather station to the site with reliable long term weather data is in Mount Magnet (ID: 7600) located approximately 115 km east north- east of Yalgoo town site (BoM 2019).
Temperature Mean temperature data collected over the last two decades at the Mount Magnet weather station (ID: 7600) is shown on Figure 7-1. The monthly mean minimum temperatures (1995-
FI Joint Venture Pty Ltd - Yogi Magnetite Project - Mine Closure Plan | 25
2018) range from 7 ºC in July to 23.5 ºC in January. The monthly mean maximum temperatures (1995-2018) range from 18.9 ºC in July to 38.0 ºC in January (BoM 2019).
Figure 7-1 Average temperature statistics for Mount Magnet (Station ID: 7600)
Rainfall The region is characterised by moderately variable rainfall, with rainfall events being restricted to local areas rather than being widespread (Markey and Dillon 2006). The majority of all rainfall received occurs during winter months and is a result of low pressure system associated with the westerly wind system. Summer rainfall occurs as a result of thunderstorms and heavy downpours associated with remnant tropical cyclones (Markey and Dillon 2006). A summary of rainfall data collected from 1894 to 2018 at Mount Magnet weather stations (Station IDs: 7057 and 7600) is shown in Figure 7-2. The annual average rainfall during the time period of 1996 to 2018 ranges significantly from 92.2 mm (2007) to 434.2 mm (2011). The average annual rainfall in 2018 was 256.2 mm (BoM 2019). The MDE lies in the pastoral region of the Southern Rangelands (further discussed in 7.3.2), which is known to have highly variable rainfall within and between years (DoPIRD 2018). This high rainfall variability is evident by the historical long term rainfall data presented in Figure 7-2.
The long term rainfall data also indicates the effects of a changing climate. Figure 7-2 shows that generally there is an increase in summer rainfall in recent decades, while there is a decrease in winter rainfall. This may be related to the prediction of the increased intensity of cyclones in north-west Western Australia in the future due to climate change (DEC 2012).
FI Joint Venture Pty Ltd - Yogi Magnetite Project - Mine Closure Plan | 26
Figure 7-2 Monthly mean rainfall data for Mount Magnet weather stations (1894-1995 Station ID: 7057, 1996-2018 Station ID: 7600)
Winds Wind roses provide a graphical representation of the frequency distribution of winds of varying strength, from varying compass points. A wind rose for Yalgoo or Mount Magnet is not available from the Bureau of Meteorology which contains wind measurements from within the last 10 years. However, modelled site specific wind roses are available for the Project. For the air quality assessment undertaken for this Project (GHD 2019i, further discussed in Section 7.3.11), the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation’s (CSIRO) The Air Pollution Model (TAPM) was used to produce site-representative hourly surface meteorological data. According to the air quality assessment (GHD 2019i) the predicted annual average wind speed for the Project site is 2.4 m/s, with summer being the windiest season (2.9 m/s) and autumn the calmest (2.4 m/s). The predicted annual and seasonal wind roses for the Project, as shown in Figure 7-3, shows a strong seasonal cycle in wind direction, namely:
Easterly winds present throughout all seasons; West, south-west, east and south-east winds during spring, with the westerly winds subsiding and easterly winds predominating during summer;
Variable winds during autumn with increasing easterly winds; and
Increased frequency and strength of winds in the north-west quadrant during winter.
FI Joint Venture Pty Ltd - Yogi Magnetite Project - Mine Closure Plan | 27
Annual Spring Summer
Autumn Winter
Average wind speeds Calms Annual: 2.4 m/s 0.89% Spring: 2.6 m/s Summer: 2.9 m/s Autumn: 2.4 m/s Winter: 2.5 m/s
Figure 7-3 Annual and seasonal wind roses for TAPM synthesised meteorological data at the Project site (GHD 2019i)
FI Joint Venture Pty Ltd - Yogi Magnetite Project - Mine Closure Plan | 28
Impacts of climate change Since 1910 the annual average temperatures in Western Australia have increased by 0.9 ºC and since 1950 most of Western Australia has experienced an increase of 0.1 ºC to 0.2 ºC per decade. In recent decades there has been a trend of higher-than-normal rainfall in northern and central Australia in contrast to decreasing rainfall across southern Australia (DEC 2012).
It is also expected that a higher proportion of tropical cyclones will be more intense, with more cyclones occurring in locations 100 km south from their current range (DEC 2012). Currently cyclones off the northwest coast of Western Australia usually are initially steered to the west- southwest at speeds of 5-20 km/h and then take a more southerly track as they move further to the south. If they do move south of about 22°S or cross the Pilbara coast they tend to curve to the south-southeast and accelerate (BOM n.d.). Yalgoo is located at approximately 28°S. This prediction of more intense tropical cyclones particularly impacts the mining industry which will need to adapt to the effects of more rainfall and more intense tropical cyclones (DEC 2012). These climate change predictions for north-west Western Australia and their expected impacts on mine site environs are summarised in Table 7-3. Table 7-3 Impacts of climate change on north-west Western Australia (DEC 2012)
Climate change prediction Impacts on mine site environs Warmer summer and winter temperatures Increased bushfires Increased dust emissions Rehabilitation stress Increase in rainfall Increased run off Higher proportion of cyclones to be more intense Increased erosion pathways Impacts to offsite receptors of water flows Occurrence of cyclones 100 km further south than current range Rehabilitation stress
7.3.2 Landscape
Land Use The Project’s MDE overlaps the sheep farming pastoral leases of Carlaminda Station and Wagga Wagga Station as shown in Figure 7-4. The PDE will overlap a range of land use types including freehold land, pastoral lease, road reserve, easement, reserve and state government owned land parcels. The pipeline route avoids DBCA managed nature reserves as shown in Figure 2-3.
FI Joint Venture Pty Ltd - Yogi Magnetite Project - Mine Closure Plan | 29
. Figure 7-4 Pastoral leases within the MDE (Figure 4 from EnviroWorks Consulting 2017)
Topography The topography of the MDE ranges from 331 to 455 m AHD as shown in Figure 7-5 (EnviroWorks Consulting 2017). Medium to high elevations are present in the northern and north-western sections of the MDE, while lower elevations are present in the southern and north-eastern sections of the MDE.
FI Joint Venture Pty Ltd - Yogi Magnetite Project - Mine Closure Plan | 30
Figure 7-5 Topography of the MDE (Figure 14 from EnviroWorks Consulting 2017)
Regional biogeography The Interim Biogeographic Regionalisation for Australia, version 7 (IBRA7) divides Australia into 89 large geographically distinct bioregions with similar characteristics such as geology, landforms, climate, native vegetation and species. The bioregions can be further divided into
FI Joint Venture Pty Ltd - Yogi Magnetite Project - Mine Closure Plan | 31
419 subregions which are more localised and have homogenous geomorphological units (DoEE n.d.).
The MDE is located within the Yalgoo bioregion (YAL) and the Tallering subregion (YAL02). The PDE crosses the three bioregions of Yalgoo (YAL), Avon Wheatbelt (AVW) and Geraldton Sandplains (GES). The PDE also crosses the three subregions of Tallering (YAL02), Merredin (AVW01) and Geraldton Hills (GES02). The IBRA bioregions and subregions of the MDE and PDE are summarised in Table 7-4. Table 7-4 IBRA bioregions/subregions of the MDE and PDE
IBRA bioregion Description (subregion)
Yalgoo (Tallering) The Yalgoo bioregion represents an interzone between south western bioregions and the Murchison bioregion. The bioregion is characterised by low woodlands to open woodlands of Eucalyptus, Acacia and Callitris on red sandy plains of the Western Yilgarn Craton and Southern Carnarvon Basin. The Western Yilgarn Craton comprises mulga, Callitris-E. salubris, and Bowgada open woodlands and scrubs on earth to sandy-earth plains. The Southern Carnarvon Basin has a basement of Phanerozoic sediments. The subregion is particularly rich in ephemerals. The climate is arid to semi-arid warm Mediterranean (Desmond and Chant 2001a).
Avon Wheatbelt The Avon Wheatbelt is an area of active drainage dividing a Tertiary plateau in Yilgarn Craton with a gently undulating (Merredin) landscape of low relief. Proteaceous scrubheaths, rich in endemics are present on residual lateritic uplands and derived sandplains. Mixed eucalypt, Allocasuarina huegeliana and Jam-York Gum woodlands are present on Quaternary alluvials and eluvials. Within this bioregion, Merredin (AVW01) is an ancient peneplain with low relief, gently undulating landscape. There is no connected drainage. Salt lake chains occur as remnants of ancient drainage systems that now only function in very wet years. Lateritic uplands are dominated by yellow sandplain. The climate is semi-arid (dry) warm Mediterranean (Beecham 2001).
Geraldton Sandplains The Geraldton Sandplains bioregion contains mainly proteaceous scrub-heaths rich in endemics on the sandy earths of an extensive, (Geraldton Hills) undulating, and lateritic sandplain mantling Permian to Cretaceous strata. Extensive York Gum and Jam woodlands occur on outwash plains associated drainage. The Geraldton Hills subregion (GES02) includes the southern end of Carnarvon Basin and northern end of the Perth Basin with exposed areas of Permian/Silurian siltstone and Jurassic sandstones, mostly overlain by sandplains, alluvial plains, and coastal limestones. Sand heaths with emergent Banksia and Actinostrobus are present. York Gum woodlands on alluvial plains, as well as proteaceous heath and Acacia scrubs on limestones depending on depth of coastal-sand mantle are present. Low closed forest of Acacia rostellifera (now cleared) exist on alluvial plains of the Greenough and Irwin River (behind beach dune system south of Geraldton). The subregion also includes the Pinjarra Orogen, which is an area of Hill country with a Proterozoic basement and comprises extensive, undulating, lateritic uplands mantled in sandplain supporting proteaceous shrublands and mallees while the valleys support York Gum and Jam. The climate
FI Joint Venture Pty Ltd - Yogi Magnetite Project - Mine Closure Plan | 32
IBRA bioregion Description (subregion) is warm semi-arid to mediterranean climate with 400 to 500 mm of rainfall annually (Desmond and Chant 2001b).
Land systems and soil landscape zones The MDE is located within the Murchison province of the Southern Rangelands pastoral region, which is shown in Figure 7-6 (DoPIRD 2018).
Figure 7-6 Rangeland regions of Australia (DoPIRD 2018)
The Department of Agriculture and Food Western Australia (DAFWA) completed an inventory and condition survey of the land systems within the Murchison province (Hennig et al. 1994). The land systems within the MDE, as described by Hennig et al. (1994), are summarised in Table 7-5. Table 7-5 Land systems within the MDE (Hennig et al. 1994) Land system Land type Description Gabanintha Hills and ranges with Ridges, hills and footslopes of various acacia shrublands metamorphosed volcanic rocks (greenstones), supporting sparse acacia and other mainly non- halophytic shrublands. Violet Stony plains with Gently undulating gravelly plains on greenstone, acacia shrublands laterite and hardpan, with low stony rises and minor and halophytic saline plains; supporting groved mulga and bowgada shrublands shrublands and patchy halophytic shrublands. Tindalarra Wash plains on Near level hardpan wash plains, narrow drainage lines hardpan with mulga and moderately saline drainage floors; supporting tall shrublands mixed acacia shrublands with wanderrie grasses, also minor saltbush/bluebush low shrublands.
FI Joint Venture Pty Ltd - Yogi Magnetite Project - Mine Closure Plan | 33
Land system Land type Description Challenge Gritty-surfaced plains Gently undulating gritty-surfaced plains, occasional and granite tors and granite hills, tors and low breakaways, with acacia domes with acacia shrublands. shrublands Hamilton Wash plains on Hardpan plains, stony plains and incised drainage hardpan with mulga lines supporting mulga shrublands. shrublands The Murchison province is also comprised of seven soil landscape zones which are shown in Figure 7-7.
Figure 7-7 Soil landscape zones of the Murchison region (Tille 2006)
The soil landscape zones of the Karrara Hills Plains and Lake (270), and Yalgoo Plains (273) intersect the MDE (Tille 2006). The soil landscape zones, as described by DAFWA (Tille 2006), are presented in Table 7-6. Table 7-6 Soil landscape zones within the MDE (Tille 2006)
Soil landscape zone Description
Karrara Hills Plains Hills and ranges, sandy plains, hardpan wash plains, stony plains and salt lakes (with some mesas and plains) on greenstone and and Lake (270) granitic rocks of the Yilgarn Craton. Red shallow loams, Red loamy earths, Red deep sands and Salt lake soils with some Red shallow sands, Stony soils and Red shallow sandy duplexes. Bowgada- mulga-jam woodlands (with some halophytic shrublands and York gum-salmon gum woodlands). Located in the south western Murchison between Morawa, Paynes Find and Yalgoo.
Yalgoo Plains (273) Hardpan wash plains (with some sandplains, stony plains, mesas and granite outcrops) on granitic rocks (with some greenstone) of the Yilgarn Craton (Murchison Domain). Red loamy earths and Red shallow loams (often with hardpans) with Red deep sands and Red shallow sands and some Red shallow sandy duplexes. Mulga shrublands with bowgada shrublands (and some halophytic
FI Joint Venture Pty Ltd - Yogi Magnetite Project - Mine Closure Plan | 34
Soil landscape zone Description shrublands). Located in the south-western Murchison from Paynes Find to Cue and Twin Peaks Station.
7.3.3 Geology
Regional geology The MDE is located within the Murchison Province, which is spread across the northern third of the Yilgarn Craton. The Yilgarn Craton is one of the four continental blocks of the Australian continent (The Yilgarn, Pilbara and Gawler Cratons and the Wilyama Block). The Yilgarn Craton is comprised of geological formation from the Archaean (2.5 billion years ago) to Cainozoic ages (66 million years ago to present) and bounded by the Murgoo Gneiss Complex of the Western Gneiss Terrane in the west and the Southern Cross Province in the east. The Archaean rocks of the Murchison and Southern Cross Provinces consists of linear to arcuate greenstone belts. These belts have a north-west trend and become more common to the east. The greenstones comprise a mixture of metamorphosed mafic to ultra-mafic volcanic rocks (including basalt, amphibolite, dolerite and gabbro), felsic volcanic rocks and metasedimentary rocks including cherts and banded iron formation. The granitoid rocks contain adamellites, granite, gneiss and migamite. The Archaean bedrock has been extensively weathered and laterised. Much is obscured by Tertiary and Quaternary alluvial, colluvial and aeolian deposits (Payne et al. 1998; Tille 2006).
Local geology The MDE intersects four surface geological units according to the Geological Survey of Western Australia as described in Table 7-7 and shown in Figure 7-8. The Qrc surface geological unit comprises the majority of the MDE (EnviroWorks Consulting 2017). Table 7-7 Surface geology types within MDE (EnviroWorks Consulting 2017)
Unit Description Ady Mafic intrusive rocks, medium to coarse-grained; layered mafic to ultramafic intrusions; metadolerite; medium to coarse-grained metagabbro, dolerite and granophyre, local ultramafic bases Asy Conglomerate, chert, small amounts felsic volcaniclastic rocks, sandstone, quartzite, siltstone, phyllite, schist, pelite, shale. Includes the former Hatfield Formation. Agh Monzogranite, granodiorite, tonalite, quartz monzonite; in places recrystallised and foliated; some mixed granite and country rock assemblages; high-Ca granite Qrc Colluvium and/or residual deposits, sheetwash, talus, scree; boulder, gravel, sand; may include minor alluvial or sand plain deposits, local calcrete and reworked laterite
FI Joint Venture Pty Ltd - Yogi Magnetite Project - Mine Closure Plan | 35
Figure 7-8 Surface geological units within the MDE (Figure 12a from EnviroWorks Consulting 2017)
FI Joint Venture Pty Ltd - Yogi Magnetite Project - Mine Closure Plan | 36
7.3.4 Hydrogeology
Desktop hydrogeological study A desktop hydrogeological study of the MDE has been undertaken for the Project. A summary of the study is presented below and further details can be obtained from the report (GHD 2018b) which is stated in the References list (Section 14).
It was determined that the Project is located in a predominately fractured rock setting. Groundwater supplies in these hydrogeological terranes are extremely variable and dependant on the intersection of fracture zones.
The Moore-Monger palaeovalley has been mapped within the eastern half of the tenement. Site specific data on this palaeovalley is lacking, but this area could offer an increased thickness of sediments overlying the basement rock, which may have the potential to host a locally significant aquifer. There is limited water bore data available within the Project area, but for bores with water supply volume data, the maximum recorded volume is less than 1000 m3/day (12 L/s). The Project would need around 14 active bores at this rate to meet the project water supply volume. The Yalgoo town water supply is located west of the Project, with a small borefield (three active bores) used to source groundwater from a fractured rock aquifer. The potential impacts to this borefield will need to be considered during Project development. It should also be noted that the bores report relatively fresh groundwater (low salinity) with above average concentrations of naturally occurring arsenic, nitrate and silica. Given their similar hydrogeological setting to the mine site, similar water quality may be found onsite. The desktop report concluded that further work is required to assess the potential for an onsite borefield through exploratory groundwater drilling and testing, as well as determine the groundwater regime of the pit area to understand the dewatering requirements (see Section 7.4).
Hydrogeological investigation A hydrogeological assessment has been undertaken for the Project, which included a desktop assessment component of the hydrogeological setting, a field based groundwater investigation and groundwater modelling. The purpose of the assessment was to develop the hydrogeological understanding of the Project area to allow the groundwater related impacts to be quantified. A summary of the hydrogeological assessment is presented below and further details can be obtained from the report (GHD 2019b) which is stated in the References list (Section 14).
Groundwater levels
Groundwater level information was reviewed as part of this investigation. Groundwater level data was collated from the DWER Water Information Reporting dataset. A total of 541 bore records were identified within water catchment used for modelling that had some record of groundwater levels. In addition to the DWER bore data, groundwater level measurements were available from the investigations completed for this Project, which provided valid data for a further 15 locations. The data indicates that in general, groundwater levels are generally found to be less than 20 m below ground level for approximately 90% of the data. Data was used to determine the average groundwater elevation for the site. Overall groundwater levels are broadly consistent with topography, and indicate a dominating groundwater high point coincident with the topographic high located approximately 40 km north east of the Pit area. Data for the Project area indicates that groundwater is generally flowing in the southern direction, discharging to the low ground present along the current drainage line of the Salt River.
FI Joint Venture Pty Ltd - Yogi Magnetite Project - Mine Closure Plan | 37
There is a groundwater divide, consistent with the catchment divide, located along the higher ground present to the immediate west of the Pit area. Groundwater investigation
The field based groundwater investigation was undertaken to develop the hydrogeological understanding of the site and to assess its potential to meet the groundwater supply requirements for the Project through the following completed stages. Field reconnaissance - bore survey
Preliminary pump tests – existing bores (total of 5 tests)
Palaeovalley drilling investigation (10 locations drilled) Pit area drilling investigation (8 locations drilled)
Pump testing (4 production bores test pumped) The Palaeovalley system on the Project site (L59/156) was investigated through a drilling investigation and pump testing to determine if it could offer groundwater supply potential for the Project. Overall groundwater inflows recorded during drilling were generally relatively low across the site. Groundwater inflow was found to increase in zones where sands were dominant. Two test production bores were completed in the palaeovalley area and these bores were used to determine the hydraulic properties of this aquifer system (to be used in the groundwater modelling). The test pumping demonstrated that the bores could sustain a maximum pumping rate of between 2.5 and 3 L/s.
Hydrogeological drilling was completed within the pit to determine aquifer properties, and to assist in making a preliminary assessment of groundwater inflow volumes and dewatering requirements. Investigations of the two locations investigated which represented the northern and central areas of the pit (MB01, MB02) resulted in relatively low groundwater inflow volumes (maximum inflow rate recorded as 1 L/s during drilling). The investigation in the location selected to represent the southern area of the pit (MB03) resulted in a significantly greater groundwater inflow of up to 15 L/s. As a result of the relatively high groundwater inflow volumes at this site, a test production bore was installed (PB03). Tests demonstrated that PB03 could nominally sustain a pumping rate of up to 30 L/s. Following the encouraging groundwater flows found at PB03/MB03, the drilling program was extended to assess the groundwater supply potential of a number of locations just outside of the pit footprint. The locations selected east (EH01, EH02) and south (EH03, EH04) of the pit were determined to have relatively low groundwater inflows, overall not exceeding 6 L/s. An additional location selected (EH05) was determined to have a relatively high groundwater inflow up to a maximum recorded yield of 12 L/s. Due to the relatively high groundwater inflow volumes, it was determined that this would be a suitable site for a test production bore (PB04). Tests demonstrated that PB04 could not sustain a constant pumping rate over 12 L/s. Overall the drilling and testing data within the pit area highlighted the variability in hydrogeological conditions. Groundwater quality
At the completion of testing of the production bores, groundwater quality samples were taken for laboratory analysis. There is a general significant difference between the groundwater quality results for the palaeovalley test bores (PB01 and PB02) and the pit area test bores (PB03 and PB04). A key difference between these two areas is the high salinity recorded in the palaeovalley test bores. These bores have a TDS around 10,000 mg/L, compared to just over 800 mg/L recorded in the pit area test bores. Groundwater with a salinity greater than 5000 mg/L is considered unsuitable for stock watering. Major ion concentrations are all significantly elevated in the palaeovalley test bores. The relatively fresh groundwater (low salinity) found at the pit bores is indicative of those bores being close to a groundwater recharge area. Nutrient
FI Joint Venture Pty Ltd - Yogi Magnetite Project - Mine Closure Plan | 38
concentrations are generally quite low for all four bores, however the pit area bores do have higher concentrations of nitrogen, predominately as nitrate. This may be related to naturally occurring sources and/or surface water runoff (resulting in recharge) in areas that are occupied by cattle. Metal concentrations were generally quite low for all test bores with no exceedance of any assessment criteria. Groundwater modelling
A groundwater numerical model was developed to assist in determining the groundwater related impacts from the Project. The model was run to predict groundwater level changes as a result of the pit progressing below the groundwater table and requiring dewatering. The main key finding of the modelling exercise highlighted that the dewatering extent is limited to the vicinity of the mine pit. For further details refer to the hydrogeological investigation report (GHD 2019b) which is stated in the References list (Section 14).
7.3.5 Hydrology
A surface water assessment of the MDE has been undertaken to understand regional and site hydrology. A summary of the assessment is presented in the below sections and further details can be obtained from the report (GHD 2019d) which is stated in the References list (Section 14).
Regional hydrology The MDE is located within the Yarra Yarra Basin, which forms part of what is referred to as the Moore-Monger or Yarra-Monger Drainage Basin System. The Yarra Yarra basin is characterised by flat to gradual slopes, ephemeral streams with intermittent flow and salt pans or salt playas along the flow lines. The basin has been created over time by the action of tectonics, fault lines, folds and erosion. Land use in these subcatchments consists primarily of current and former pastoral leases and old gold mining excavation zones. The MDE lies predominantly within the subcatchment of an unnamed watercourse, which is herein referred to as the Western Primary Watercourse (WPW). When flowing, the WPW discharges south into Salt River. The Salt River originates in salt flats south of the mining town of Mt Magnet, about 120 km east of the proposed mine site and the ultimate destination of the watercourse is Moore River Estuary.
The regional hydrology is presented in Figure 7-9.
FI Joint Venture Pty Ltd - Yogi Magnetite Project - Mine Closure Plan | 39 Yarra-Yarra Basin
MOUNT MAGNET !
Pindathuna Creek
Salt River
MULLEWA !
Nullewa Lake
Yarra Yarra Lakes
Cooneroo River
LANCELIN ! Moore River Legend Watercourse
Catchments
Moore River Mine Tenements Estuary !TWO ROCKS Elevation (m) High : 600
Low : 0
1:2,000,000 at A4 FI Joint Venture Pty Ltd Project No. 61-37117 0 20 40 60 80 Yogi-Magnetite Project Revision No. 0 Surface Water Assessment Date 16 May 2019 Kilometers Map Projection: Transverse Mercator Horizontal Datum: GDA 1994 o Grid: GDA 1994 MGA Zone 50 Regional Hydrology FIGURE 7-9 \\ghdnet\ghd\AU\Perth\Projects\61\3711709\GIS\Maps\Working\613711709_Fig3-4_Catchments- Data source: GHD: Regional Catchments - 20190206; FIJV: Mine Tenements - 20171025; Landgate: Placenames - 20190206, Imagery - October 2015 - January 2018; GA: Elevation - 2008.. Created by: swoods Regional_SWA_revB.mxd Print date: 16 May 2019 - 15:59
Site hydrology There are two non-perennial significant streams that intersect the MDE, these being the WPW which traverses the western side of the envelope, and the Eastern Primary Watercourse (EPW) along the eastern side of the envelope. These watercourses divide the mine site into two distinct catchment areas. Headwaters of minor streams that lead into the WPW from the eastern side of the mine site make up a third, albeit less significant catchment area of the site. The total catchment area of the site is 25,396 ha, with the WPW making up 16,122 ha (64%), the EPW 8,264 ha (33%), with the remaining headwaters only 1,010 ha (4%). All watercourses from the site, when flowing, discharge into Salt River to the south of the site. No existing flow or depth data exists for the watercourses on site, however runoff is ephemeral and likely to be rapid in the hills but slowing substantially on the plain.
The overall site hydrology is presented in Figure 7-10.
Western Primary Watercourse (WPW)
The WPW flows south through the mine site between the proposed Mine Pit and Waste Rock Facility. At the headwaters of the WPW, north-west of the mine tenement, the WPW channel is generally undefined and is likely to exhibit sheetflow when flowing. This profile continues up until the southern end of the proposed mine pit, where the channel becomes well defined. The defined WPW channel runs between the Banded Iron Formation (BIF) to the west and the Moore Monger Palaeovalley. The BIF is an elevated area that acts like a dyke, hydraulically constraining the WPW. The watercourse becomes braided again near the intersection with the Geraldton-Mount Magnet Road and continues this profile until it reaches Salt River.
An alluvial floodplain with some distinct channels recharges the WPW from the north-eastern portions of the mine site. The floodplain stems from a number of more distinct channels further north-east of the WPW, near the proposed workshop, processing plant and borefield. The areas separating the channels are referred to as floodouts, a term which has broad application and includes places where a drainage channel becomes subdivided, indistinct or disappears completely and water from the channel is dispersed across a plain (Duguid et al. 2005). Several of the channels are considered to be joined, with shared floodouts in large flood events. A number of minor streams also branch into the WPW from the hills to the west of the mine site, where aerial imagery indicates the presence of potential animal watering holes and old mine exploratory works. One of these defined stream passes just north of the proposed mine pit.
The slope of the WPW is roughly 0.2% in the defined channel within the mine tenement. Site photographs of the WPW are presented in Appendix A.
Eastern Primary Watercourse (EPW)
The EPW flows in a southerly direction along the eastern side of the MDE and is predominantly ill defined, with flow likely to be made up of sections of sheet flow and short braided channels given the very flat nature of this area. The watercourse commences predominantly from beyond the north-eastern boundary of the mine site, with some branches starting from the north-eastern corner of the mine site itself. The watercourse is only well defined from a point west of the inselberg east of the mine site (Woonjedie Hill geological formation) to an area east of the proposed Guard House. Further south of this point, the watercourse becomes ill-defined with the very flat topography within the south-eastern portion of the mine site. The watercourse is likely to be distributed over a significant area, and given the low-lying and flat nature of this area, it is possible that water will pool in some areas over long periods, with sheet-flow occurring once saturated. The EPW is therefore likely to provide significant groundwater
FI Joint Venture Pty Ltd - Yogi Magnetite Project - Mine Closure Plan | 41
recharge within this area. This strong groundwater connectivity is reinforced by the abundance of vegetation that has been observed along the EPW channel’s bed and banks.
Site photographs of the EPW are presented in Appendix A.
Surface water and groundwater interactions
Given the alluvial nature of the region, the presence of ephemeral surface water drainage systems with floodout zones, and paleodrainage channels, there is potential for significant surface water – ground water interactions within the vicinity of the creeks and rivers. The site creeks are all ephemeral and will drain to groundwater. The primary watercourses will contribute significant recharge to aquifers when floodouts are activated. The landform within and surrounding the proposed mine site is strongly influenced by the geology. During rainfall events the alluvial aquifers predominantly in the south-eastern part of the development envelope will be recharged, followed by sheet-flow once the soil is saturated.
Potential changes to hydrological regime It is expected that flow diversions of the existing hydrological regime will occur as a result of the Project. These flow diversions include the following:
The mine pit is currently proposed to be located in an area adjacent to or on top of the WPW, and is therefore at risk of flooding without diversion of the watercourse, particularly along its south-eastern end.
The waste rock facility is currently intersected by the WPW, and diversion of the WPW may be required should the location of the waste rock facility remain unchanged. Diversion of flows west of the overburden facility and north of the mine pit is also expected to be required to minimise erosion of the overburden and mine pit walls, and minimise ingress of water into the Mine Pit. The drainage water pond, explosives warehouse, crusher, ore stockpile, and waste rock facility are located in areas of potential sheetflow occurrence, and drainage controls would be required in these areas to minimise structural impacts. The above diversions would also entail removal / infill of existing flow paths.
FI Joint Venture Pty Ltd - Yogi Magnetite Project - Mine Closure Plan | 42 Legend ") Explosive Warehouse ") Guard House ") Power Station Undefined Waterway Defined Waterway Pipeline Corridor
4 0 - Existing Track C U Unsurfaced Site Road State Road
Fresh Subcatchments Administration Water Pond Mine Site Layout Processing Workshop Borefield Mine Pit ") Plant Water Pond Drainage ") Water Pond Crusher Development Envelope
Ore Stockpile Elevation (mAHD)
Waste Rock High : 495 Parking Facility 3 Low : 313 -0 C Dry U Processing Overburden Facility Waste Facility
Mine Pit ")
-02 UC EPW
01 UC-
WPW
Geraldton Mt Magnet Rd
Salt River
1:150,000 at A4 FI Joint Venture Pty Ltd Project No. 61-37117 0 1 2 3 4 Yogi-Magnetite Project Revision No. 0 Surface Water Assessment Date 16 May 2019 Kilometers
Map Projection: Transverse Mercator Horizontal Datum: GDA 1994 o Catchments & Grid: GDA 1994 MGA Zone 50 Drainage Lines FIGURE 7-10 \\ghdnet\ghd\AU\Perth\Projects\61\3711709\GIS\Maps\Working\613711709_Fig3-7_Catchments & Data source: MRWA: State Roads - 20171024; FIJV: Mine Tenements, Mine Site Layout, Development Envelope, Pipeline Development Envelope - 20171025; DoW: Waterways - 20130902; Landgate: Roads - Drainage Lines_SWA_revB.mxd 20171211; Imagery. Created by: swoods Print date: 16 May 2019 - 16:01
Site surface water and sediment quality Baseline sediment and water sampling has been undertaken within the MDE. The results of the laboratory sediment and water analytical results are included in the surface water assessment report (GHD 2019d) and key findings are presented below. The trigger values contained within the Australian Water Quality Guidelines for Fresh and Marine Waters (ANZECC and ARMCANZ 2000) were adopted for assessment of the samples. Site specific sediment and/or water quality reference data may be used to identify and set site specific levels for monitoring, where background concentrations exceed default guideline values.
Sediment quality
Key findings based on the laboratory sediment analytical results are the following:
Physiochemical parameters The sediments are predominantly sandy, with one site (SW07) having approximately 14% fines (<75um) and one site (SW02) with predominantly fines (63% <75um).
The exchangeable sodium percentage (ESP) identifies the potential for clay dispersion, with a non-saline clay soil with an ESP greater than 5 prone to dispersion on wetting. Soil dispersion is most commonly associated with clay soils, sodic soils and duplex soils (soils with fine-textured subsoil). Dispersive soils are structurally unstable, and are vulnerable to erosion damage. ESP of the sediment samples ranges between 0.05 and 0.34. Combined with the predominantly sandy nature of the sediments there is a low risk of dispersion of channel sediments. The sediment pH at all sites is neutral ranging pH 6.3 (SW02, SW06) to pH 7.4 (SW03).
Sediment electrical conductivity is low at all sites, ranging from less than the laboratory limit of reporting of <10 uS/cm to 19 uS/cm (SW02). The laboratory 1:5 water extract classifies soil salinity as non-saline and suitable for drinking and irrigation (Rhoades et al. 1992).
Nutrients Sediment Total N concentrations ranged from <10 mg/kg (LOR, SW03) to 630 mg/kg (SW02), with the majority of the Total N concentration comprising organic nitrogen (>87%).
Oxidised nitrogen concentrations (nitrite plus nitrate as N) were below the LOR in ten of eleven samples, with a single detection at site SW06 (5.4 mg/kg). Ammonia-N ranged from <5 mg/kg (LOR, multiple sites) to 12 mg/kg (SW08).
Sediment total phosphorus concentrations ranged from 24 mg/kg (SW10) to 260 mg/kg (SW02). Total organic carbon ranged from <0.1 mg/kg (LOR, multiple sites) and 0.8 mg/kg (SW02).
Metals and metalloids The majority of metals and metalloids in sediment samples were lower than their respective guideline value, where guidelines are available. Elevated concentrations in exceedance of guideline values were detected in fluvial sediments samples along the western extent of the mining tenement (SW03, SW05 and SW06) and downstream sampling locations (SW01 and SW02), which may be indicative of the elevated background sediment concentrations, which may be related to local geology. High levels of metals and metalloids can be associated with naturally elevated background concentrations due to mineralisation of ore bodies.
HCL extractable metals is a measure of the most readily mobilised metals in the sediment matrix, providing information about their bioavailability to organisms. No HCL extractable
FI Joint Venture Pty Ltd - Yogi Magnetite Project - Mine Closure Plan | 44
metals exceed the respective ANZECC (2000) metal and metalloid interim sediment guideline value.
Total recoverable hydrocarbon No total recoverable hydrocarbon analyte exceeded their respective LOR.
Microbial Sample SW01 had detection of E. coli (240 MPN/100 mL) and Total coliforms (3300 MPN/100 mL). Site SW01 was observed as a likely watering hole and elevated microbial concentrations are considered representative of high fauna visitation.
Water quality
Key findings based on the laboratory water analytical results are the following: Total dissolved solids
Total dissolved solids (TDS) concentrations of 630 mg/L (SW01) and 420 mg/L (SW03) were reported, which are below the Stock Watering guidelines (ANZECC 2000). TDS were converted to electrical conductivity (EC) to enable comparison to existing default guideline of 20-250 uS/cm for Tropical Australia upland rivers (ANZECC 2000). Elevated EC values of 1,145 uS/cm (SW01) and 764 uS/cm (SW03) exceed the default guideline, however are considered to represent high evaporation of standing water (SW01) and initial flush conditions following an infrequent rain event (SW03).
Nutrients Both water samples exceeded default guideline values for Total N, ammonia-N and total phosphorus for Tropical Australia upland rivers (ANZECC and ARMCANZ 2000). Ammonia concentrations did not exceed the default ANZG 2018 95% guideline value. Elevated total nutrient and ammonia-N concentrations at SW01 are considered to be reflective of the high visitation of available waterbodies by stock and other fauna, and at SW03 is likely a result of a pulse of nutrients following rain. Metals and metalloids
Some total metals results exceed the respective ANZECC metal and metalloid guideline values. As with sediment samples the elevated total metal and metalloid concentrations in surface water samples may be related to naturally elevated background concentrations due to mineralisation of ore bodies (DER 2014). The exceedance of filtered chromium and copper in water samples above guideline values indicates that bioavailable forms are present in water at levels which are of concern to some freshwater species. Further characterisation of surface water samples is required to assess background filtered metal concentrations. Total recoverable hydrocarbons
No total recoverable hydrocarbon analyte exceeded their respective LOR in water samples.
Microbial Sample SW01 had detection of E. coli (240 MPN/100 mL) and Total coliforms (3300 MPN/100 mL). Site SW01 was observed as a likely watering hole and elevated microbial concentrations are considered representative of high fauna visitation.
FI Joint Venture Pty Ltd - Yogi Magnetite Project - Mine Closure Plan | 45
Preliminary flood risk assessment
Flood modelling was undertaken for the 1% and 2% Annual Exceedance Probability (AEP) storm events (GHD 2019d). Figure 7-11 and Figure 7-12 show the 1% and 2% AEP flood depths and extents. These flood magnitudes are considered sufficient for a mine life of 20-30 years. The preliminary flood risk assessment indicates that the waste rock facility and the mine pit may experience flood depths of up to 0.5 m under the 1% and 2% AEP events. Flood depths within the areas of the proposed drainage water pond and explosives warehouse were also simulated to be up to 0.3 m. These flood depths are a result of the proximity of the above locations to the WPW.
The linear infrastructure corridor within the south-eastern portion of the mine is simulated to reach flood depths of up to 0.2 m under the same events. Flood depths within the remaining areas of the mine site (power station, guard house, crusher, parking, ore stockpile, processing plant, fresh water pond, administration, workshop, dry processing waste facility) are simulated to be within 0.2 m for both the 1% and 2% AEP events. The results of the preliminary flood risk assessment recommend that where practical, consideration should be given in the first instance to moving proposed infrastructure to areas that are less prone to flooding. This may be most applicable to the waste rock facility, drainage water pond, and explosives warehouse given their locations are traversed by the WPW.
However relocation may be unavoidable so the following management measures are recommended: Suitably designed bunding, rock armour, or other armouring product to protect the waste rock facility, drainage water pond, mine pit, and explosives warehouse, and dry processing waste facility; and Construction on raised earth platform for the ore stockpile, drainage water pond, explosives warehouse, processing plant, workshop, and administration infrastructure.
Implications for closure
Any bunding or hydraulic structures are constructed to managed floods during the operations of the mine will need to be considered in closure planning. Particularly, it will need to be determined if the structures are suitable for closure. If any hydraulic structures are required for closure purposes, they will need to be assessed against a larger flood event, up to the Probable Maximum Flood (PMF). The need for hydraulic structures at closure will be assessed through PMF modelling of landforms as part of a future landform and closure design (Section 5.5).
FI Joint Venture Pty Ltd - Yogi Magnetite Project - Mine Closure Plan | 46 Administration Fresh Water Pond Workshop Processing Plant ") Borefield
") Drainage Water Pond
Crusher Ore Stockpile Parking Waste Rock Facility Mine Pit Dry Processing Overburden Waste Facility Facility
")
Legend
") Explosive Warehouse Maximum Flood Depth ") Guard House 0.02 - 0.1 m ") Power Station 0.1 - 0.2 m Pipeline 0.2 - 0.3 m State Road 0.3 - 0.4 m Roads 0.4 - 0.5 m Unsurfaced Site Road > 0.5 m Development Envelope
Pipeline Development Envelope Mine Site Layout Mine Pit Water Pond
1:85,000 at A4 FI Joint Venture Pty Ltd Project No. 61-37117 0 1 2 3 4 Yogi-Magnetite Project Revision No. 0 Surface Water Assessment Date 16 May 2019 Kilometers
Map Projection: Transverse Mercator Horizontal Datum: GDA 1994 o 1% AEP Flood Depths Grid: GDA 1994 MGA Zone 50 and Extents FIGURE 7-11 \\ghdnet\ghd\AU\Perth\Projects\61\3711709\GIS\Maps\Working\613711709_Fig5-1_Flood Depths Data source: GHD: Flood depths - 20190225; MRWA: State Roads - 20171024; FIJV: Mine Tenements, Mine Site Layout, Development Envelope, Pipeline Development Envelope - 20171025; Landgate: Roads - and Extents_1%_revB.mxd 20180420; Imagery. Created by: swoods Print date: 16 May 2019 - 16:19 Administration Fresh Water Pond Workshop Processing Plant ") Borefield
") Drainage Water Pond
Crusher Ore Stockpile Parking Waste Rock Facility Mine Pit Dry Processing Overburden Waste Facility Facility
")
Legend
") Explosive Warehouse Maximum Flood Depth ") Guard House 0.02 - 0.1 m ") Power Station 0.1 - 0.2 m Pipeline 0.2 - 0.3 m State Road 0.3 - 0.4 m Roads 0.4 - 0.5 m Unsurfaced Site Road > 0.5 m Development Envelope
Pipeline Development Envelope Mine Site Layout Mine Pit Water Pond
1:85,000 at A4 FI Joint Venture Pty Ltd Project No. 61-37117 0 1 2 3 4 Yogi-Magnetite Project Revision No. 0 Surface Water Assessment Date 16 May 2019 Kilometers
Map Projection: Transverse Mercator Horizontal Datum: GDA 1994 o 2% AEP Flood Depths Grid: GDA 1994 MGA Zone 50 and Extents FIGURE 7-12 \\ghdnet\ghd\AU\Perth\Projects\61\3711709\GIS\Maps\Working\613711709_Fig5-2_Flood Depths Data source: GHD: Flood depths - 20190225; MRWA: State Roads - 20171024; FIJV: Mine Tenements, Mine Site Layout, Development Envelope, Pipeline Development Envelope - 20171025; Landgate: Roads - and Extents_2%_revB.mxd 20180420; Imagery. Created by: swoods Print date: 16 May 2019 - 16:09
7.3.6 Flora
Previous flora surveys Multiple flora assessments/surveys have been previously undertaken within sections of the MDE. The key findings of these surveys are summarised in Table 7-8. Table 7-8 Key findings of previous flora surveys completed within MDE
Previous survey/assessment Type and Location Key findings ATA Environmental (2006) Level 2 Flora and vegetation - No declared rare flora (DRF) Flora and Vegetation Assessment survey (part one) - 1 priority species: Acacia Yalgoo Iron Project P59/1508, E59/642, speckii (Priority 4) P59/1397 - 78 species including 74 native and 4 introduced ATA Environmental (2007) Level 2 Flora and vegetation - No DRF Spring Flora and Vegetation survey (part two) - 1 priority species: Acacia Assessment Yalgoo Iron P59/1508, E59/642, speckii (Priority 4) P59/1397 - 99 species including 94 native and 5 introduced species Ecoscape (Australia) Pty Ltd (2008) Targeted survey - No DRF Western Haematite Deposit, Yalgoo E59/1097 - 3 priority species: Acacia Spring Flora Survey Final speckii (Priority 4), Acacia subsessilis (Priority 3) and Gunniopsis rubra (now delisted) Coffey Environmental Pty Ltd (2010) Targeted survey - No DRF Targeted Rare Flora Survey, Selected areas of E59/1097 - 2 priority species: Acacia Exploration Leases, Yalgoo Iron and E59/1348 speckii (Priority 4) and Acacia Project subsessilis (Priority 3) - 63 species including 60 native and 3 introduced species Maia Environmental Consultancy Targeted survey (2007) - No DRF (2011) Ferrowest Limited: Yalgoo Selected areas of E59/1097 - 5 priority species: Acacia Iron Project (Tenements E59/1097 M59/740 subsessilis (Priority 3), and M59/740) Gunniopsis rubra (now delisted), Acacia speckii, Dodonaea amplisemina and Verticordia penicillaris (Priority 4) - 229 taxa from 109 genera and 42 families - 15 introduced species Markey and Dillon (2011) Flora and Level 2 Flora and vegetation - 5 Priority species: Calytrix vegetation of the banded iron survey uncinata (now delisted), Acacia formations of the Yilgarn Craton: Gnows Nest Range, Wolla subsessillis (Priority 3), Acacia Yalgoo Wolla and Woolgah- speckii (Priority 4), Dodonaeae Wadgingarra Hills near amplisemina (Priority 4) and Yalgoo township Calotis sp. Perrinvale Station (RJ Cranfield 7096) (Priority 3) - 243 species from 51 families including 234 native and 9 introduced species
Flora and vegetation assessment of mine site A flora and vegetation desktop assessment and field surveys (August and October 2018) have been undertaken of the MDE. The survey area covered 8,230 ha, intersected Carlaminda and Wagga Wagga Pastoral Stations and included mining tenements M59/740, M59/637, P59/2133
FI Joint Venture Pty Ltd - Yogi Magnetite Project - Mine Closure Plan | 49
and L59/156. A summary of the results are presented in the below sections and further details can be obtained from the flora and vegetation report (GHD 2019e) which is stated in the References list (Section 14). The biological constraints for the mine site as determined by the desktop assessment component of the flora and vegetation assessment is presented in Figure 7-13.
Vegetation types
Nine vegetation types as well as cleared areas were identified and described for the survey area. The vegetation types included five types associated upland areas (BIF range, granite outcrops and low rises), three types associated with drainage areas and one type associated with gentle undulating floodplains. The most dominant vegetation type is mixed Acacia shrublands on floodplains (APoEc) which covers approximately 68% of survey area. This vegetation type was variable with areas of dense Acacia woodland, open shrubland and sparsely vegetated areas distributed in a mosaic like pattern across the survey area. Vegetation types associated with the BIF range included ArrTdHc on upper slope and crests, AtEgCd on mid to lower slopes and hills, and AEgRc on lower slopes and colluvial flats. Collectively these vegetation types covered approximately 12% of the survey area and were restricted to the BIF range. The northern and eastern parts of the survey area supported granite outcrops which were described as AuEeBs. These outcrop areas were generally characterised by low, sparse shrubland and shallow soils, and covered approximately 10% of the survey area. The most restricted vegetation type was AiMsSa, which was recorded from a single laterite rise in the eastern part of the survey area. Vegetation types associated with drainage areas included AbCaPd in major drainage lines, AtSePd in minor drainage lines and gullies, and AeFsEd on broad clay flats adjacent to drainage areas. Two main ephemeral drainage lines intersect the survey area with numerous minor ephemeral drainage lines and gullies associated with the BIF and granite areas. Vegetation type AeFsEd was restricted to the central part of the survey area and supported low shrubland dominated by chenopods which formed a mosaic with vegetation type APoEc in parts. The vegetation types present with the development envelope as determined by the flora and vegetation assessment is presented in Figure 7-14. Vegetation condition
The vegetation condition with in the survey area was rated from Excellent to Very Good, with cleared areas (i.e. Yalgoo-Mt Magnet Road) not rated. The majority of vegetation throughout the survey area was rated as Excellent (7,711.20 ha). In these areas the vegetation structure was intact with limited signs of damage/disturbances observed and non-aggressive weeds present. Whilst current grazing occurs over most of the survey area, it was concentrated in vegetation type AeFsEd which supported low shrubland dominated by chenopods on sandy soils. These areas were rated Very Good due to the increased grazing impacts observed. Vegetation condition rated as Very Good was 484.74 ha. Significant vegetation
One PEC was identified within the survey area during the field survey, the Yalgoo (Gnows Nest/Wolla Wolla and Woolgah-Wadgingarra) vegetation complexes (banded ironstone formation) listed as Priority 1 by DBCA. This community was listed following surveys conducted by Markey and Dillon (2008) in the Yalgoo area (as part of flora and vegetation surveys of BIF of the Yilgarn Craton). Markey and Dillon (2008) noted that although the Yalgoo survey area did not have as many restricted communities and endemic and uncommon taxa as other areas (e.g.
FI Joint Venture Pty Ltd - Yogi Magnetite Project - Mine Closure Plan | 50
Central Tallering Land system) the area still supports taxa of conservation significance and distinctive floristic communities.
Vegetation communities mapped within the survey area occurring on the BIF range include ArrTdHc on upper slope and crests, AtEgCd on mid to lower slopes and hills, and AEgRc on lower slopes and colluvial flats. These three vegetation types are considered representative of the Yalgoo vegetation complexes PEC. There is 1,041.09 ha of the Yalgoo vegetation complexes PEC within the survey area.
Flora diversity
Two hundred and thirty flora taxa (including subspecies and varieties) representing 51 families and 121 genera were recorded from the survey area. This total comprised of 223 native taxa and 7 introduced flora taxa. Dominant families recorded from the survey area included: Fabaceae (45 taxa), Chenopodiaceae (19 taxa) and Scrophulariaceae (18 taxa).
Conservation significant flora
No EPBC Act or Biodiversity Conservation Act 2016 (WA) (BC Act) listed flora were recorded within the survey area. Three DBCA Priority-listed flora species were recorded within the survey area during the field survey which included the following: Acacia subsessilis (Priority 3), Acacia speckii (Priority 4) and Dodonaea amplisemina (Priority 4).
Introduced flora
Seven introduced flora taxa were recorded in the survey area. Of the introduced taxa, none are listed as Declared Pests under the Biosecurity and Management Act 2007 and/or as a Weeds of National Significance. All of the introduced flora have been previously recorded from the Yalgoo IBRA bioregion.
FI Joint Venture Pty Ltd - Yogi Magnetite Project - Mine Closure Plan | 51 Legend
Waterbody Priority Ecological Community
Survey Area Threatened and Conservation Significant Flora # Priority 1 # Priority 2 # # Priority 3 # Priority 4
#
#
# #
# # ### # ## ## # Geraldton-Mount Magnet Rd ## Piesse# St # # # ### ### # # # ### #
# # #
#
Paper Size ISO A4 FI Joint Venture Pty Ltd Project No. 61- 37117 0 5 10 Yogi Flora Survey Revision No. A
Kilometres Date 25 Mar 2019
Map Projection: Transverse Mercator Horizontal Datum: GDA 1994 o Biological Constraints Grid: GDA 1994 MGA Zone 50 FIGURE 7-13 G:\61\37117\GIS\Maps\Working\Flora\6137117_003_BiologicalConstraints_RevA.mxd Data source: GHD: Survey Area - 20180622, Bat detector locations, Trapsites, Camera locations, Night parrot Detectors - 20181210; Landgate: Roads - 20181023, Imagery - Taken September 2012 - Accessed Print date: 25 Mar 2019 - 10:11 20181210 Source: Esri, DigitalGlobe, GeoEye, Earthstar Geographics, CNES/Airbus DS, USDA, USGS, AeroGRID, IGN, and the GIS User Community. Created by: krawlinson T05
Ó!" * Q49 Q13 Q26 ! ! A! A A Q23 Q14 ! A Q30 A! ! Q48 A ! Q31 A ! Q12 Q15 Q25 Q24 A ! A! A! A A! A! Q47 Q50 Q33 Q32 Q36 ! ! ! Q29 A ! A A Q51 A ! Q11 A ! A! Q46 Q10 A ! Q16 A A! Q18 ! Q17
A Q08 A! T02 Q07 A! * A! Q09 !" Q38 A! Ó A! Q53 Q06 A! Q45 !
Q39 ! A
! Q43 A A ! * A! Q52 A" ! Q44 Ó! T03 AQ34 A! A!
Q04 Q05 ! A! Q35 Q41 A ! ! A A Q19 Q42 A! Q37 A!
A! Q03 A! " * Q40 Ó! ! T01 A Q02 A! Q54 A! T04
Ó!" * Q01 A! Q20 A!
Legend Q55 Survey Area A! Sample Locations
A! Quadrat " * Ó! Transect Q21 Vegetation Types A! AEgRc APoEc AbCaPd
AeFsEd Q22 ! AiMsSa A ArrTdHc AtEgCd AtSePd Q28 AuEeBs A! Q27 Mosaic between APoEc and AeFsEd A! et Rd Cleared Magn -Mount Geraldton
Paper Size ISO A4 FI Joint Venture Pty Ltd Project No. 61-37117 0 1 2 Yogi Flora Survey Revision No. A Date 14 May 2019 Kilometres
Map Projection: Transverse Mercator Horizontal Datum: GDA 1994 o Vegetation Types Grid: GDA 1994 MGA Zone 50 FIGURE 7-14 G:\61\37117\GIS\Maps\Working\Flora\6137117_005_VegType_RevA.mxd Data source: GHD: Survey Area - 20180622, Sample Locations - 20190507, Vegetation Types - 20190514; Landgate: Roads - 20181023, Imagery - Taken September 2012 - Accessed 20181210 Source: Esri, Print date: 14 May 2019 - 11:12 DigitalGlobe, GeoEye, Earthstar Geographics, CNES/Airbus DS, USDA, USGS, AeroGRID, IGN, and the GIS User Community. Created by: artermulo
Flora assessment of pipeline corridor A flora desktop assessment and field surveys (reconnaissance flora and Level 1 fauna) (November 2018) have been undertaken of the PDE. The survey area assessed included approximately 80 km of the pipeline corridor, extending from the Yogi Mine Project to east of Mullewa. The survey area is approximately 500 meters (m) wide and covers 4,655 hectares (ha). A summary of the results are presented in the below sections and further details can be obtained from the report (GHD 2019f) which is stated in the References list (Section 14).
The ecological constraints for the pipeline corridor as determined by the desktop assessment component of the flora assessment is presented in Figure 7-15.
Vegetation condition
The survey area comprised approximately 316.07 ha of cleared areas, with the remaining vegetated land comprising 21 vegetation types ranging from Very Good (110.10 ha) to Excellent (4228.79 ha) condition. The vegetation types included five woodland and 16 shrubland types. Areas rated as Very Good had signs of historical grazing with other disturbances including historical clearing for tracks and material gravel pits, and recent fire activity only affecting one vegetation type.
Conservation significant ecological communities
The field survey confirmed the presence of a PEC, the Eucalypt Woodlands of the WA Wheatbelt, listed as Priority 3 by DBCA. Vegetation Type 17 Eucalyptus loxophleba subsp. supralaevis open mallee woodland to woodland represents the PEC based on the nomination advice (DEC 2011), which lists Eucalyptus loxophleba as one of the dominate species that forms the PEC in the Avon Wheatbelt IBRA bioregion. There is 277.35 ha of this PEC in Excellent condition within the survey area.
Flora diversity
Ninety three flora species were identified during the survey with the most commonly recorded families including Fabaceae, Chenopodiaceae, Amaranthaceae and Myrtaceae. No Declared Pest plants or Weeds of National Significance were recorded during the survey.
Conservation significant flora
No Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 (EPBC Act) or Biodiversity Conservation Act 2016 (BC Act) listed flora were recorded within the survey area. Three DBCA Priority-listed flora species were recorded during the survey, Philotheca nutans (Priority 1), Dicrastylis linearifolia (Priority 3) and Acacia speckii (Priority 4). Philotheca nutans was not identified in the desktop searches, however it was identified in the field and confirmed by the WA Herbarium. This represents a range extension for the species of approximately 150 km. A further three species are considered likely or may possibly occur within the survey area based on a likelihood of occurrence assessment.
FI Joint Venture Pty Ltd - Yogi Magnetite Project - Mine Closure Plan | 54 Legend
Fauna Conservation Status Threatened/Priority Flora !( !( Critically Endangered *# Priority 1 d R a !( *# un Endangered Priority 2 th !( da in P d - R n l !( *# yo a Vulnerable Priority 3 ab ng G oo N !( Presumed Extinct Species *# Priority 4
*# Gabyon - Tardie Rd !( Migratory birds protected under an Threatened International Agreement State Road !( Conservation Dependant Local Road
!( d
Other specially protected fauna R d Railways h R t r r o !( a d N Priority 1 n i o o P Pipeline Option2 g - l a a Y !( r r Priority 2 a g n DBCA Managed Lands and Waters i r e *# !( Priority 3 B Nature Reserve !( Priority 4 Yalgoo BIF Priority Ecological Communities !( Priority 1 Wagga Wagga Priority 3 and Yalgoo Calcrete !( L *#*# o o k o u Henty St t *#!( R d *# *# # *# Carlaminda Woolshed *# * !( !( !( Rubbish Tip Rd!(*# *# *# *# n Mt Magnet Rd Geraldto !(
*# *# !( Yalgoo BIF Badja Woolshed Rd *# !(*# *# !( d !( R!( p o o Wura L rga Wheatbelt - G a ull e w!( *# Woodlands *# Yalgoo BIF *# !( *#
J o k
!( e Wheatbelt r *# !( *# *# M in Woodlands *# e R d *# B !( a r !( n o n Y *# g a !( lg - oo W - N u in !( !( r *# a gh r a *# g n a R *# R d Wheatbelt d *# Woodlands !( Yalgoo BIF *# Fegan Rd *#Morawa - Yalgoo Rd Wheatbelt !( !( *# Woodlands !( Bunnawarra Rd Gullewa BIF
Badja Rd !( Curara SwampCurara Rd d t R Williams Rd es !( s N !( !(w Wheatbelt no !( G !(!(
Woodlands !( Lovrich RdLovrich Barrabarra Rd Wheatbelt !( !( Barrabarra Nature Reserve Woodlands !( Ba rn o n g Wheatbelt Rd Howe Rd !( Woodlands !(
Simon Rd !( Paper Size ISO A3 FI Joint Venture Pty Ltd Project No. 61-37117
Grima Rd Spring Rd a
g 0 1 2 3 4 5 Yogi-Magnetite Project Revision No.!( B
n
i l
e Date 18 Mar 2019 B Mindage Spring Rd !( Kilometres Map Projection: Transverse Mercator Horizontal Datum: GDA 1994 o !( !( Grid: GDA 1994 MGA Zone 50 Ecological Constraints FIGURE 7-15 G:\61\37117\GIS\Maps\Working\Pipeline\6137117_002_EcologicallConstraints_revB.mxd Data source: MRWA: Roads - 20171211; DBCA: Threatened/Priority Flora, Fauna Conservation Status - 20180709, State listed Threatened Ecological Communities/ Priority Ecological Communities - 20171030; Jenkins Jenkins Rd Print date: 18 Mar 2019 - 13:14 DWER: Environmentally Sensitive Areas - 20151012; Landgate: Imagery - Accessed 20190318. Created by: slei !(!(
7.3.7 Terrestrial fauna
Previous terrestrial fauna surveys Two fauna surveys were previously undertaken within sections of the MDE. The key findings of these surveys are summarised in Table 7-9. Table 7-9 Key findings of previous fauna surveys completed within MDE
Previous Location and key findings survey/assessment ATA Environmental Location: Leases P59/1397, E59/642 and P59/108 (2006) Vertebrate ATA conducted a desktop and Level 1 fauna assessment and found: Fauna Assessment, Yalgoo Iron Project One habitat type – scattered mulga Three conservation significant species may visit the project location including Gilled Slender Bluetongue (Cyclodomorphous branchialis) and Peregrine Falcon (Falco peregrinus) No inventory species records were available in this report Coffey Environments Location: Mining Tenements E59/642, M59/637 and P59/1397. Pty Ltd (2008) Coffey conducted a level 2 fauna survey that included a trapping Vertebrate Fauna program, avifauna, opportunistic survey and bat survey. The key Survey Yalgoo Iron findings include: Ore Project Two broad habitat types – Tall Shrubland and Tall Open Scrubland Degraded habitat due to sheep grazing The survey recorded 3 amphibians, 29 reptiles, 34 birds, 16 mammals
Terrestrial fauna assessment of the mine site A level 1 reconnaissance fauna survey (August 2018) and a level 2 trapping program (October 2018) of the MDE was undertaken. The field survey covered 8,230 ha and a desktop assessment was undertaken prior. A summary of the results are presented in the below sections and further details can be obtained from the terrestrial fauna assessment report (GHD 2019g) which is stated in the References list (Section 14).
Fauna habitats
The study area consists of six broad fauna habitat types listed below. A very small amount of the Study Area is disturbed and comprises of existing tracks, old fencing and historical cleared areas for stock water points. The conservation value of each habitat type has been rated based on condition, structural complexity, faunal diversity and habitat for conservation significant fauna (i.e. contains essential habitat for breeding and/or feeding). Habitat values for the six types are all considered high to moderate value Banded Ironstone Formation (BIF) Ridgelines - moderate value Riparian/Creek line – high value Flood Plain – moderate value Chenopod Plain – high value Mixed Acacia Plain – moderate value Granitic formations – high value Figure 7-16 presents the distribution of the major fauna habitat types within the MDE.
Further descriptions of the major fauna habitat types are presented in Appendix B.
FI Joint Venture Pty Ltd - Yogi Magnetite Project - Mine Closure Plan | 56 Legend Major road Minor road Survey Area Fauna Habitats Banded Ironstone Formation Chenopod Drainage Lines Floodplain Granite Mixed Acacia Plain Cleared
d gnet R nt Ma n-Mou Geraldto
Paper Size ISO A4 FI Joint Venture Pty Ltd Project No. 61-37117 0 1 2 3 4 Yogi Fauna Survey Revision No. 0 Date 14 May 2019 Kilometres
Map Projection: Transverse Mercator Horizontal Datum: GDA 1994 o Fauna Habitats Grid: GDA 1994 MGA Zone 50 FIGURE 7-16 G:\61\37117\GIS\Maps\Working\Yogi Fauna Survey Data source: GHD: Survey Area - 20180622, Fauna Habitats - 20181210; Landgate: Roads - 20181023, Imagery - Taken September 2012 - Accessed 20181210.. Created by: artermulo (613711703)\6137117_004_FaunaHabitats_rev0.mxd Print date: 14 May 2019 - 16:57
Fauna diversity
The GHD surveys recorded 148 vertebrate fauna species utilising the survey area, including 23 mammals, 84 birds, 37 reptiles and four amphibians.
Conservation significant fauna Western Spiny-tailed Skink
One conservation significant fauna species was recorded within the survey area during the field survey. This species was the Western Spiny-tailed Skink (Egernia stokesii subsp. badia), which is listed under Schedule 3 (Vulnerable) of the BC Act and Endangered under the EPBC Act (Figure 7-17).
Figure 7-17 Adult Western Spiny-tailed Skink in granitic habitat (GHD 2019g)
During the field survey four broad locations recorded the Western Spiny-tailed Skink. Three locations were present in granitic areas with one latrine site identified within the BIF formation. Records included actual individual observations or signs of the species via the presence of latrine sites. All observations have been mapped and are presented in Figure 7-18.
Observations of animals was between one and five animals at each location, with two locations recording juveniles as well as adults. Camera traps recorded activity at the most northern site (along the northern boundary of the survey area) which consisted of basking (adults and juveniles) and mating or territorial male behaviour. It is recommended that additional assessment for Western Spiny-tailed Skink should be undertaken within the survey area. The proposed work would also identify potentially suitable sites to relocate individuals that may be affected.
FI Joint Venture Pty Ltd - Yogi Magnetite Project - Mine Closure Plan | 58 Legend Conservation significant Fauna Observations
!( Western Spiny-tailed Skink, Observed animals !(!( !( !( !( !( Western Spiny-tailed !( Skink, Latrine site Major road
Minor road !(!( !( Survey Area
!(
!(!(
!( !( !(
!( !(
!(
!(
!( !( !(
!(
!( d gnet R ount Ma Geraldton-M !(!( !( !(
Paper Size ISO A4 FI Joint Venture Pty Ltd Project No. 61-37117 0 1 2 3 4 Yogi Fauna Survey Revision No. 0 Date 25 Mar 2019 Kilometres
Map Projection: Transverse Mercator Horizontal Datum: GDA 1994 o Fauna Results Grid: GDA 1994 MGA Zone 50 FIGURE 7-18 G:\61\37117\GIS\Maps\Working\Yogi Fauna Survey Data source: GHD: Survey Area - 20180622, Threatened Fauna - 20181210; Landgate: Roads - 20181023, Imagery - Taken September 2012 - Accessed 20181210.. Created by: bjones2 (613711703)\6137117_005_FaunaResults_rev0.mxd Print date: 25 Mar 2019 - 16:36
Other fauna species likely to be in the survey area
Three other species are likely to be present in the survey area based on previous records in the region and habitat present, these species are: Peregrine Falcon (Falco peregrinus) – Other special Protection under the BC Act.
Gilled Slender Bluetongue (Cyclodomorphis branchialis) – Vulnerable under the BC Act.
Long-tailed Dunnart (Sminthopsis longicaudata) – Priority 4, DBCA
Terrestrial fauna assessment of the pipeline corridor A fauna desktop assessment and field surveys (reconnaissance flora and Level 1 fauna) (November 2018) have been undertaken of the PDE. The survey area assessed included approximately 80 km of the pipeline corridor, extending from the Yogi Mine Project to east of Mullewa. The survey area is approximately 500 meters (m) wide and covers 4,655 hectares (ha). A summary of the results are presented in the below sections and further details can be obtained from the report (GHD 2019e) included in the References list (Section 14).
The ecological constraints for the pipeline corridor as determined by the desktop assessment component of the flora and fauna assessment is presented in Figure 7-15.
Fauna habitat types
Eight broad fauna habitat types recorded during the field survey (excluding area considered cleared and degraded). The survey area habitats form part of a large continuous tract of habitat. The habitats have been impacted to some degree by tracks, grazing livestock and feral animals. Parts of the survey area were also impacted by historical gravel pits and a historical railway line. While the structural complexity of some habitat types show stress signs of grazing and reduced water availability, the majority of the site is uncleared and represents good, intact habitat.
Fauna diversity
Fifty-six fauna species were recorded from the survey area, including 47 birds, six mammals and three reptiles; of these five were introduced species.
Conservation significant fauna
No conservation significant fauna were recorded during the survey.
Fauna likelihood of occurrence assessment
A likelihood of occurrence assessment was conducted post-field survey for all conservation significant fauna identified in the desktop assessment. The assessment identified the likely presence of the Malleefowl (Leipoa ocellata), listed as Vulnerable under the BC Act and EPBC Act), Gilled Slender Blue-tongue (Cyclodomorphus branchialis), listed as Vulnerable under the BC Act, Western Spiny-tailed Skink (black form) (Egernia stokesii subsp. badia), listed as Vulnerable under the BC Act and Endangered under the EPBC Act) and the Long-tailed Dunnart (Sminthopsis longicaudata), listed as Priority 4 by DBCA, as the survey provides suitable habitat for these species.
Short range endemic fauna assessment A desktop assessment and field survey was undertaken for short range endemic invertebrates (SRE) in the MDE in October 2018. A summary of the results are presented in the below sections and further detail can be obtained from the report (Invertebrate Solutions 2019a) included in the References list (Section 14).
FI Joint Venture Pty Ltd - Yogi Magnetite Project - Mine Closure Plan | 60
Desktop assessment
A search of the Western Australian Museum (WAM) databases for potential SRE taxa occurring in the desktop study area centred on the Project area to the north east of Yalgoo was undertaken. The desktop study area comprised a rectangle of approximately 50 km sides bounded by the north west corner (28.00°S, 116.60°E) and the south east corner (28.50°S, 117.03°E) centred on the Yogi magnetite project. No mollusc records are present in the WAM. It was determined that the desktop study area contains one Confirmed SRE species, an Antichiropus millipede and two Possible SRE species (one olpiid pseudoscorpion and one trapdoor spider). The remainder of the species were found to be widespread.
Field survey results
The SRE field survey recorded 23 taxa of invertebrates from three classes, nine orders and ten families that have the potential to contain SRE taxa (presented in Table 7-10). There were no ‘Confirmed’ SRE species recorded during the survey. A single ‘Likely’ SRE species (Cubaris? sp. indet.) was recorded during the survey. The SRE survey recorded 12 taxa identified as “Possible” SRE species. This is primarily due to the groups being considered data deficient, and the absence of other systematic collections in the local area making the assignation of SRE status difficult using the data from a single field survey. Almost all the Possible SRE species were found at multiple locations during the survey indicating that their distributions are wider than the current survey could determine. Most species were found to be widespread in the semi-arid Murchison and Yalgoo regions or more widely. The Yalgoo region has not be the subject of many previous collections, especially systematic surveys compared with other parts of the Yilgarn and Pilbara and so the distributions of many species are unknown from this area apart from isolated historical records. Table 7-10 Invertebrates recorded during field survey and examined for SRE status (Invertebrate Solutions 2019a)
Higher Order Genus and species SRE Status Crustacea: Isopoda: Armadillidae Buddelundia sp. indet. Possible (A) Cubaris? sp. indet. Likely Porcellio sp. indet. Widespread Arachnida: Mygalomorphae: Nemesiidae Aname mellosa? Widespread Pseudoscorpiones: Olpiidae Ambyolpium sp. 'IS01' Possible (A) Beierolpium sp '8/3' Possible (A) Beierolpium? sp. Possible (A) Euryolpium? sp. Possible (A) Euryolpium granulosum? Possible (A) Indolpium sp 'IS04' Possible (A) Scorpiones: Buthidae Isometroides vescus Widespread Lychas sp 'IS02' Possible (A) Scorpiones: Urodacidae Urodacus hoplurus Widespread Chilopoda: Arthrorhabdus mjobergi Widespread Scolopendromorpha: Arthrorhabdus cf. Possible (A) Scolopendridae mjobergi Scolopendra laeta Widespread Scolopendra mositans Widespread Geophilomorpha: Oryidae Orphnaeus brevilabiatus Widespread Geophilomorpha: Mecistocephalidae Mecistocephalus sp. IS02 Possible (A) '47 legs' Scutigeridomorpha: Scutigeridae Pilbarascutigera cf. incola Possible A Diplopoda: Polyxenida: Polyxenidae Unixenus karajiniensis Widespread
FI Joint Venture Pty Ltd - Yogi Magnetite Project - Mine Closure Plan | 61
Higher Order Genus and species SRE Status Unixenus cf. karajiniensis Possible (A)
7.3.8 Subterranean fauna
Phase 1 survey A desktop assessment and a dual phase field survey for subterranean fauna (stygofauna and troglofauna) in the MDE was completed in August 2018. A summary of the results are presented in the sections below and further details can be obtained from the report (Invertebrate Solutions 2019b) which is stated in the References list (Section 14).. Stygofauna (aquatic subterranean dependent species) and troglofauna (air breathing subterranean dependent species) are known to occur widely in the Pilbara, Yilgarn and Ngalia basins.
Desktop assessment
No previous records of troglofauna were found to be present in the databases of the WAM from within the desktop study area. However, suitable habitat for troglofauna is highly likely to occur in calcrete areas to the south of the Geraldton Mt Magnet Rd where the upper unsaturated portions of the calcrete provide suitable conditions for troglofauna in the extensive interconnected void networks found in calcrete outcrops. The BIF located in the pit void has a moderate likelihood based on other BIF outcrops in the region.
No previous records of stygofauna are present in the databases of the WAM for the desktop study area. However, five stygofauna communities, all listed as Priority 1 Ecological Communities are known to occur in the calcrete areas in the region (Badja, Bunnawarra, Gabyon, Muralgarra, Wagga Wagga and Yalgoo). All these calcretes were listed due to the presence of stygobiont Dytiscid diving beetles that occur in virtually every calcrete in the Mid West. Table 7-11 summarises the suitability of geological units for the presence of subterranean fauna within the MDE. Table 7-11 Geological units within MDE and their suitability for subterreanean fauna (Invertebrate Solutions 2019b) Unit Description / Remarks Subterranean Fauna Suitability Alluvium Mixed gravel, silt and sand Moderate for stygofauna if within the alluvium saturated zone. Low for troglofauna. Calcrete Badja, Bunnawarra, Gabyon, High/Definite for stygofauna Muralgarra, Wagga Wagga and High for troglofauna (above watertable) Yalgoo Calcretes. Palaeochannel Moore and Murchison Moderate/High Stygofauna palaeodrainage systems Nil for troglofauna (below watertable) BIF Medium grained dolerite Moderate for stygofauna Moderate for troglofauna (above watertable) Granites Porphyritic granite to Low for stygofauna. adamellite, overprinting with Low for troglofauna (above watertable). mafic minerals
Field survey results
Stygofauna The phase 1 stygofauna survey recorded six species and 155 individuals of stygofauna from six of the 22 bores sampled within the alluvial aquifers accessible within the Project area using available stock wells and vertical bores.
FI Joint Venture Pty Ltd - Yogi Magnetite Project - Mine Closure Plan | 62
No vertical bores were within the proposed mining pit at the time of sampling and therefore no stygofauna net haul samples were able to be undertaken in the Phase 1 survey within the pit void area. From the samples two classes, three orders, three families and six genera were identified and summarised in Table 7-12. The greatest diversity was among the copepods with two orders, two families, four genera and four species recorded. Two significant findings from the survey included: a new copepod species (Schizopera yalgoo n. sp.) from a single locality that is likely endemic and the first ever male specimen of a copepod species found in Australia that is typically known to be found as predominantly female populations. Table 7-12 Stygofauna recorded during August 2018 field survey (Invertebrate Solutions 2019b)
Higher Order Genus and species Notes Crustacea: Ostracoda: Sarscypridopsis Known from South Africa and Podocopida: Cyprididae ochracea Western Australia. First ever male specimens from Australia Cyprididae sp. Juvenile specimens, identification requires adults (probably Sarscypridopsis ochracea) Crustacea: Copepoda: Apocyclops dengizicus Cosmopolitan. Cyclopoida: Cyclopidae Mesocyclops brooksi Widespread, stygophilic species Metacyclops Found throughout Murchison laurentiisae region of WA, stygophilic species Crustacea: Copepoda: Schizopera yalgoo n. New species, likely endemic Harpacticoida: Miraciidae sp. Troglofauna The phase 1 troglofauna survey recorded three specimens recorded two isopods and one polyxenid millipede, which are summarised in Table 7-13. Two specimens of an undescribed Philoscid isopod were recorded. The specimens exhibit troglomorphic characters including loss of pigmentation and reduced eyes that would indicate that the species is an obligate subterranean form. Table 7-13 Troglofauna recorded during October 2018 (Invertebrate Solutions 2019b)
Higher Order Genus and species Notes Crustacea: Isopoda: Philosciidae Undescribed species with Philosciidae? sp. ‘yalgoo’ troglomorphic characters present indicating an obligate subterranean species. Myriapod: Diplopoda: Unixemus sp. Surface species with likely Polyxenida wide distributions
7.3.9 Waste materials
Materials characterisation assessment A materials characterisation assessment was undertaken to understand the leaching potential, particularly acid and metalliferous drainage (AMD), of the Project’s future waste rock dumps. The desktop assessment has analysed publicly available information, as well as FIJV information, such as a mineralogical, geological and assay data. Data was available from the
FI Joint Venture Pty Ltd - Yogi Magnetite Project - Mine Closure Plan | 63
hanging wall, orebody and footwall components of the geology. The materials characterisation assessment concluded that the qualitative information indicates that the issues relating to the risks of acidic, metalliferous and saline drainage, radioactivity and asbestos appear to be low however that additional data, particularly from the hanging wall and some footwall materials is necessary to sufficiently characterise the risk, likelihood of adverse impacts and management requirements. A summary of the results from the materials characterisation assessment are presented in the below sections and further detail can be obtained from the report (GHD 2019h) which is stated in the References list (Section 14).
Characterisation of leaching impacts
Assessment of acid potential The ore body and waste material exhibits relatively low concentrations of sulphur, assumed as sulphide (0.11% S), as shown in Table 7-14 which presents the sulphur statistics data. Given the sulfur concentrations, the risk that strong acidic conditions could develop is probably unlikely, however, further data/information is required to quantify the buffering capacity, and provide confidence that acidic conditions will not prevail at concentrations that will cause concern. There is no relevant data relating to the presence of carbonate (or other indicators of carbonate) within the waste-rock or ore materials. Given the lack of carbonate assay data, the concentrations of carbonate are for the purposes of the study are deemed as zero, and as a consequence the acid neutralising capacity (ANC) is deemed as zero (see Equation 1).
Based on Equation 1, the calculated values of Maximum Potential Acid (MPA) is 3.36 kg H2SO4/ tonne (given that carbonate is deemed zero,) and the Net Acid Production Potential (NAPP) is also deemed at 3.36 kg H2SO4/ tonne for both the waste-rock and the ore.
The Department of Industry, Tourism and Resources (DITR) (2007) guidelines on AMD indicate that based on this value (3.36 kg H2SO4/ tonne) the waste rock and the ore material are classified as “Potentially Acid Forming – Low Capacity”.
This is an apparent classification, until such time as the carbonate concentrations are characterised within the waste rock and ore, at which point the material may be reclassified. Equation 1:
NAPP (kg H2 SO4 / tonne) = MPA [% Total S * 30.6] – ANC [(%CaO * 17.5) + (%MgO * 24.3)]
Table 7-14 Summary of sulphur (%) occurrence based on rock type (GHD 2019h)
Rock ID Count Minimum Maximum Average Waste rock: Felsic 431 0.001 5.46 0.15 Mafic 224 0.001 0.49 0.08 Misc 25 0.001 0.52 0.06 Pyroxenite 3 0.002 0.02 0.01 Regolith 40 0.001 0.41 0.03 Sedimentary 32 0.001 0.04 0.01 Talc-chlorite 72 0.001 0.61 0.04 BIF (<20% Fe) 1747 0.001 5.32 0.11 Ore: BIF (>20% Fe) 3950 0.001 5.01 0.11 Assessment of metal leaching potential The available metals data from the mineralogical database shows that a total of 12 metals and elements have been assayed within the ore and the waste rock.
FI Joint Venture Pty Ltd - Yogi Magnetite Project - Mine Closure Plan | 64
The 12 metals and elemental average concentrations have been compared to the reference concentration (global abundance) to assess the relative enrichment, with the following results:
Iron, silicon and aluminium and lead are relatively enriched in all waste rock types and ore material, at two to three times the reference concentrations.
Chromium and nickel indicate relative enrichment in a few of the waste rock types associated with mafic composition (pyroxenite, talc-chlorite schist and BIF (< 22% Fe), and felsic units).
Titanium enrichment is restricted to the regolith rock type, presumably as a consequence of deflationary style weathering. Zinc, copper and cobalt are not relatively enriched in all waste rock types and ore material. Excluding the above 12 elements and metals, there is insufficient data/information with which to assess the occurrence of a number of other metals which may be of concern (e.g. arsenic, antimony, cadmium, barium, mercury, uranium etc). Given the “Potentially Acid forming – Low Capacity” conditions assessed at the site, the risk of strong acidic conditions persisting is considered unlikely, and high concentrations of dissolved metals in groundwater are not anticipated. However, identified dissolved metals can occur at concentrations that may be of concern to the human health and the environment under mild acid conditions, which until testing confirms, cannot be excluded from developing in the waste rock and processed waste material.
Assessment of saline drainage potential Although the detailed mineralogy of the waste rock is not available, the dominant iron and silicic mineralogy of the BIF and the volcanic nature of the footwall and hanging wall lithologies may preclude the presence of readily dissolvable minerals (e.g. halite, gypsum, carbonate, sulphur). Confirmatory testing is considered necessary to demonstrate that the risk of adverse saline impacts, derived from leaching from the waste rock and processed waste material is considered low.
Radioactivity
The geological setting of ore body and waste rock is commonly not associated with minerals and elements which exhibit elevated radioactivity (above that of background). This needs to be confirmed by measurements of radioactivity. Any radioactive minerals or elements, which are present may be subject to enrichment within the processed waste material as a consequence of ore processing and mineral separation processes. The radioactivity exposure risk from the waste rock material is considered to remain at background levels, excluding possible dust exposure and leaching risks, since the waste rock is not subject to processing.
Airborne hazards
Asbestos form minerals are not common to this geological setting. Confirmation that this be case is required through testing due to the possibility that asbestos may be associated with the occurrence of sheared ultramafic rocks (i.e. talc-chlorite schist) The mineralogy and lithological type of the BIF style orebody (e.g. 50% silica/chert) requires that mining activities, waste rock dumps and processed waste storage facilities be managed to prevent the generation of air-bore silica at concentrations which may cause adverse impacts to human health.
FI Joint Venture Pty Ltd - Yogi Magnetite Project - Mine Closure Plan | 65
7.3.10 Heritage
Aboriginal heritage
The Aboriginal Heritage Act 1972 (AH Act) states it is an offence under this legislation to “excavate, destroy, damage, conceal, or in any way alter any Aboriginal site”, without prior authorisation of the Registrar of Aboriginal sites and/or consent of the Minister for Indigenous Affairs.
Previous Aboriginal heritage surveys
Four Aboriginal heritage surveys were undertaken in areas intersecting the MDE and PDE by Western Heritage Research between 2006 and 2012 (EnviroWorks Consulting 2017). The sites identified in these surveys are presented in Figure 7-19.
Aboriginal heritage desktop assessment and due diligence risk assessment (2019)
An Aboriginal heritage desktop assessment and due diligence risk assessment of the MDE was undertaken by Brad Goode & Associates in 2019 (Brad Goode & Associates 2019a). The desktop assessment identified two lodged sites which intersect the MDE and they are presented on Figure 7-19: Yalgoo 1 (southeastern section of M59/637) and Yalgoo Creekline Scatters (southwestern section of L59/156). No registered sites intersect the MDE. The desktop assessment identified eight registered Aboriginal sites and 24 other heritage places that intersect the pipeline corridor. Further survey work was recommended from the study. Further detail on the Aboriginal heritage desktop assessment can be obtained from the report (Brad Goode & Associates 2019a) which is stated in the References list (Section 14).
Aboriginal heritage survey (2019)
An Aboriginal heritage survey of the MDE was undertaken by Brad Goode & Associates in 2019 (Brad Goode & Associates 2019b). The Aboriginal heritage survey comprised of an ethnographic and archaeological survey. A summary of the survey results are presented below and further detail on can be obtained from the Aboriginal heritage survey report (Brad Goode & Associates 2019a) which is included in the References list (Section 14). Ethnographic survey
As a result of the ethnographic consultations held with four representatives from the Widi Mob WC1997/072 Native Title Claim group, no new ethnographic sites of significance, as defined by the AH Act were identified within the survey areas. During the ethnographic survey the Widi NTC group representatives provided information on the cultural significance from mythological beliefs of waterways and other significant landscape features such as the hills. The waterways in the area were also defined by the Widi NTC group representatives to be significant as the Widi people followed and camped along them as they travelled and were an important resource for survival. Due to the defined significant cultural heritage values associated with the waterways and high landmark features located along the reported songline in the vicinity of the survey area, the Widi NTC group representatives requested that they be preserved and managed throughout the Project to ensure that they are not adversely impacted upon, such as through being removed or permanently altered for mining. As a result of the ethnographic survey, Brad Goode & Associates (2019b) recommended the following: The Project does not risk breaching section 17 of the AH Act in relation to ethnographic Aboriginal heritage sites as defined by section 5 of the AH Act.
FI Joint Venture Pty Ltd - Yogi Magnetite Project - Mine Closure Plan | 66
Waterways and significant landform features in the survey area be preserved and managed throughout the life of the Project to ensure that they are not adversely impacted upon. If this is not possible then further consultations should be held with the Widi Mob WC1997/072 Native Title Claim group to minimise and mitigate the impact that the Project could have upon the cultural heritage values associated with such places. Archaeological survey
No Aboriginal archaeological sites were identified during the archaeological survey of the MDE.
As a result of the archaeological survey, Brad Goode & Associates (2019b) recommended the following: The results of the archaeological survey be taken into consideration when FIJV seek approval to construct and operate the mine. In the event of any artefactual material or skeletal material being discovered in the course of constructing and/or operating the mine and associated infrastructure, or whilst undertaking any other activities, work should stop while the Department of Planning, Lands and Heritage (WA) carry out an investigation of the site. FIJV personnel and contractors be advised of their obligations under section 15 of the AH Act to report the discovery of any Aboriginal cultural material which may be uncovered in the course of their work.
FI Joint Venture Pty Ltd - Yogi Magnetite Project - Mine Closure Plan | 67 Legend State Road
Site Layout Explosive Warehouse Guard House Power Station Pipeline Unsurfaced Site Road Development Envelope
Pipeline Development Envelope Mine Site Layout Mine Pit Water Pond
Tenements
Noongal Stone Arrangement Aboriginal Heritage Sites (Man-Made Structure) WHR (All Surveys)
DPLH Aboriginal Heritage Register
Administration Fresh Water Pond Survey Areas Workshop 2006 Survey Area Explosive Warehouse Processing Plant Borefield Western Heritage Survey Area Yalgoo Rockhole (Water Source) 2007 Survey Area Drainage Water Pond Power Station Western Heritage Survey Area Yalgoo Artefact Scatter 2 Crusher 2009 Survey Area (Artefacts/Scatter) Ore Stockpile Western Heritage Survey Area Yalgoo Parking Yalgoo Quarry (Quarry) (Artefacts/ 2012 Survey Area Yalgoo Artefact Scatter 1 Scatter, Waste Rock Facility Western Heritage Survey Area (Artefacts/Scatter) Painting) Mine Pit Dry Processing Overburden Waste Facility Facility
Guard House Yalgoo (Painting)
Yalgoo 1 (Artefacts/Scatter)
Twin Peaks, Wagga (Engraving)
Yalgoo 2 (Artefacts/ Scatter, Quarry) Yalgoo Yalgoo 3 Old Yalgoo (Artefacts/Scatter, Twin Sister Hills (Artefacts/Scatter, (Mythological) Aboriginal Reserve Camp, Other:?) Quarry) (Historical, Camp) Geraldton Mt Magnet Rd
Yalgoo Creekline Scatters (Artefacts/Scatter, Natural Feature) Three Decker Hills (Mythological, Natural Feature)
Gnows Nest Ridge (Quarry, Ochre)
Paper Size ISO A3 FI Joint Venture Pty Ltd Project No. 61-37117 0 1 2 3 4 Yogi-Magnetite Project Revision No. A Date 26 Jul 2018 Kilometers
Map Projection: Transverse Mercator Horizontal Datum: GDA 1994 Yogi Mine Grid: GDA 1994 MGA Zone 50 Heritage Survey Extent FIGURE 7-19 G:\61\37117\GIS\Maps\Working\Yogi Mine\6137117_YogiMine_HeritageSurveyExtent_revA.mxd Data source: MRWA: State Roads - 20171024; FIJV: Mine Tenements, Aboriginal Heritage Sites, Survey Areas, Development Envelope, Pipeline Development Envelope - 20171025; Landgate: Imagery. Print date: 26 Jul 2018 - 17:57 Created by: artermulo
European heritage According to heritage database searches undertaken by EnviroWorks Consulting (2017), there are no European heritage sites presented within the MDE. However, there are three European heritage sites present in the vicinity of the MDE (listed in Table 7-15). Table 7-15 European heritage sites in the vicinity of the MDE
Site Location Heritage listing Noongal Homestead and Carlawinda Pastoral Lease, 6 Municipal Inventory (WA) (SHO- associated buildings km north of MDE 005), Heritage Council WA State Register
Carlawinda Station Homestead 8 km west of MDE Municipal Inventory (WA) (SHO- 005) Several items associated with 15 km south west of MDE Municipal Inventory (WA) (SHO- the historical railway 005), Heritage Council WA State Register
7.3.11 Air quality
An air quality assessment was undertaken to determine the likely impacts from dust and other pollutants generated at the site as a result of the Project. A summary of the air quality assessment is presented in the below section and further details can be obtained from the report (GHD 2019i) which is stated in the References list (Section 14).
Air quality assessment
Modelling
The air quality assessment undertook modelling of two broad categories of emissions:
Dust dispersion and deposition from mine operations
Emission dispersion from the power station
Modelled pollutants included dust as total suspended particulates (TSP), particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter of 10 microns or less (PM10), particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter of 2.5 microns or less (PM2.5) and deposited dust, as well as oxides of nitrogen (NO2), carbon monoxide (CO) and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from the gas generators at the power station. The town of Yalgoo was identified as the closest sensitive receptor to the Project. Three locations at the north-east edge of the town, approximately 14 km from the Project site boundary, were selected as sensitive receptors for modelling purposes. Due to the isolated location of the Project, there is no existing surrounding sources of pollution. Results of the modelling showed that none of the predicted concentrations at the sensitive receptors exceeded the relevant assessment criteria. Therefore, the results in this assessment suggest it is unlikely that the Yogi Mine Project will have an adverse impact on local ambient air quality.
7.4 Analysis of environmental data for closure– knowledge gaps and further work
From a review of the environmental data available for the site, and in consideration of the four closure domains, the following priority data gaps have been identified in the environmental data forming the baseline for closure planning.
FI Joint Venture Pty Ltd - Yogi Magnetite Project - Mine Closure Plan | 69
1. Assess the impact of hydrology on the mine layout. Determine whether hydraulic structures and/or watercourse diversions are required.
2. Conduct further materials characterisation data of the waste rock and ore. 3. Conduct fieldwork (fauna surveys, flow characteristics) to further characterise the baseline environment.
These key data gaps are planned to be closed out before the next revision of this MCP.
FI Joint Venture Pty Ltd - Yogi Magnetite Project - Mine Closure Plan | 70
8. Identification and management of closure issues
8.1 Materials characterisation
The desktop AMD assessment undertaken by GHD (2019f), summarised in Section 7.3.9, concluded that the issues relating to the risk of acidic, metalliferous and saline drainage, radioactivity and asbestos appear to be low. The waste rock and ore material are classified as “Potentially Acid forming – Low Capacity” based on DITR (2007) guidelines. However, it was also concluded that there is insufficient data to adequately characterise the risk and likelihood of adverse impacts and management requirements. Therefore further materials characterisation data of the waste rock ore through laboratory testing is required to be obtained to inform both mine construction/operations and closure planning.
8.2 Contaminated sites
DWER’s Contaminated Sites Database allows searches for potentially contaminated sites within the MDE. A search of the database (on 21 February 2019) indicated that there are no known contaminated sites within the MDE.
There is the potential for contamination to occur over the life of the mine. Potential contamination has been considered when assessing closure issues in the risk assessment (Section 8.3). Should contamination occur, investigation and remediation will be in compliance with the Contaminated Sites Act 2003 and the Contaminated Sites Regulations 2006.
8.3 Risk assessment
8.3.1 Risk assessment process
A desktop risk assessment has been completed for the rehabilitation and closure of the mine site. FIJV intends to involve stakeholders in a risk workshop prior to the construction of the mine. The risk assessment utilises the categories as presented in Table 8-1. The risk assessment process has involved the identification of specific causes and potential impacts of risks. With the consideration that the risk is uncontrolled, the inherent “likelihood”, “consequence” and “risk” ratings have been given. Specific control measures and person/s responsible for implementing the control measures and were then identified and based on the consideration of these control measures, the residual “likelihood”, “consequence” and “risk” ratings were given. The person/s responsible for implementing the control measures were also identified.
The Project closure risk register that has been developed is presented in Appendix D. The risk assessment framework, including the definitions of likelihood and consequence criteria, as well as the risk rating matrix are also included in Appendix D. Table 8-1 Risk assessment categories
Category Rating Inherent (Uncontrolled) Probability of impact occurring without controls: Likelihood - Rare - Unlikely - Possible - Likely - Almost certain
FI Joint Venture Pty Ltd - Yogi Magnetite Project - Mine Closure Plan | 71
Category Rating Residual (Controlled) Frequency of the impact after all controls measures are considered: Likelihood - Rare - Unlikely - Possible - Likely - Almost certain Consequence Severity of the impact on the environmental factor: - Insignificant - Minor - Moderate - Major - Catastrophic Risk Rating Overall severity of the risk: (Inherent / Residual) - Extreme - High - Medium - Low FIJV considers the closure risk register to be a live register which will be subject to ongoing management and review of risks throughout the life of the Project. The risk assessment will be reviewed during each phase of the Project and amended if it is required. It will be important to ensure that mitigation strategies have been implemented appropriately and are effective, as well as to determine if there are any new risks present that are relevant to closure. Updates to the risk register will be reported to DMIRS through the annual reporting cycle and future MCPs.
8.3.2 Risk assessment results
The inherent post-closure risks ranked as having the highest potential severity and likelihood for the Project were associated with pit lake water quality (if a pit lake is present onsite post- closure), waste landforms and the achievement of revegetation targets consistent with the post- mining land use closure objectives.
Table 8-2 summarises the risks initially ranked as “High” from the evaluation of inherent closure risks and includes the revised residual risk rating after the controls were implemented as presented in Appendix D. It is noted that there are no risks that were determined to have an inherent risk rating of “Catastrophic”. The residual risk ratings in Table 8-2 show that all inherent risks would be reduced after the implementation of the proposed control measures were considered. It is recognised that the risk assessment will be revisited throughout the life of the Project and therefore the Project risks and their ratings may be updated in the future to reflect increased knowledge. Table 8-2 Summary of “high” inherent (uncontrolled) risks and residual (controlled) risk ratings
Risk Rating Domain/s Risk Issue Inherent Residual Mine Pit Contamination of surface water, groundwater and soil onsite/offsite by pit lake water (if pit High Medium lake is present onsite post-closure)
Mining Overburden and Landform instability – slope failure/erosion High Medium Waste Facilities Processing Waste Leaching from hazardous materials within High Medium Contaminant Facility landforms Loss of visual/community amenity High Low
FI Joint Venture Pty Ltd - Yogi Magnetite Project - Mine Closure Plan | 72
Risk Rating Domain/s Risk Issue Inherent Residual All domains Revegetation targets for disturbed areas to be High Medium rehabilitated are not achieved
FI Joint Venture Pty Ltd - Yogi Magnetite Project - Mine Closure Plan | 73
9. Closure implementation
9.1 Closure implementation strategies and tasks
FIJV intends to implement its closure strategies throughout all phases of the Project’s life. Progressive rehabilitation will be a key aspect of the ongoing closure implementation. During each phase of the Project, steps will be taken so that closure objectives for the Project overall and each domain are achieved. Broad closure implementation strategies and tasks associated with each phase of the Project’s life are presented below.
Project-wide closure implementation tasks have been divided into “short-term”, “medium-term” and “long-term” based on the phase of mining that they are expected to occur within. The timeline for the occurrence of these tasks can be better refined as the Project progresses. Additionally, it is important to note that the list of Project-wide closure implementation tasks may be amended if completion criteria are changed in future MCPs.
9.1.1 Short-term
Planning and Design/Environmental Assessment
This phase is currently underway. It includes the preparation of this MCP as part of the ongoing PER assessment process. This phase involves the planning and design of the mine site layout, as well as initial planning for the closure of the mine based on baseline environmental investigations. During this phase, a post-mining land use and closure objectives are proposed with the expectation that they will be further refined as the Project progress and stakeholder consultation continues. A summary of the short-term closure implementation tasks for the Project are presented in Table 9-1. Table 9-1 Short-term closure implementation tasks
Short-term tasks (prior to Q1 2021) Activity
Continue baseline environmental investigations to inform the design/planning of the mine, rehabilitation and closure and close out current data gaps.
Continue desktop research into regional closure experience and relevant reference sites.
Undertake a materials balance to assess the availability and volumes of key materials for closure (including competent waste rock, subsoil, topsoil and low-permeability clays).
Finalise mine site layout, including the location, size and disturbance areas of infrastructure and landforms and identify dimensions of those features at mine end-of-life.
Conceptualise the final landform designs using layout and cross-sectional maps.
Commence stakeholder consultation through implementation of the SES, which includes discussion of the post-mining land use.
Conduct a closure risk assessment workshop with targeted stakeholders.
Develop completion criteria reflecting information from the above activities.
Ensure site construction and operational environmental management plans incorporate requirements for closure (e.g. material stockpiling, topsoil management).
Establish data management systems for mine closure information (spatial datasets, databases).
FI Joint Venture Pty Ltd - Yogi Magnetite Project - Mine Closure Plan | 74
Short-term tasks (prior to Q1 2021) Activity
First revision of the MCP (typically updated every three years, but the first revision will be updated prior to the construction of the mine).
Develop a decommissioning plan, which addresses the decommissioning phase and pre-mature closure.
9.1.2 Medium-term
Construction and Operations
During the construction and operations phases the stakeholder engagement process will continue and the details of the proposed post-mining land use option and landform designs will be further refined and agreed upon. Completion criteria will be updated and refined. Rehabilitation plans for the revegetation of each domain, as well as the monitoring plans for each domain will be further refined and completed. Progressive rehabilitation of disturbed areas will commence. A summary of the medium-term closure implementation tasks for the Project are presented in Table 9-2. Table 9-2 Medium-term closure implementation tasks
Medium-term tasks (Q1 2021 – Q1 2031) Activity Phase
Execution of construction environmental management plans. Construction Construction practices will be planned and performed with the closure phase in mind, e.g. top soil is removed and stored appropriately for use at closure.
Rehabilitation of areas disturbed by exploration activities. Construction, Operations
Environmental monitoring continues and data is integrated into Construction, Operations closure design.
Preliminary design of closure landform designs. Construction, Operations
MCP updated every 3 years, including revision of closure risk Construction, Operations assessment.
Finalise the agreement with stakeholders about the post-mining Operations land use and the retention of any features.
Conduct rehabilitation/revegetation trials in each domain of the Operations mine site.
Draft the closure monitoring plan (water, vegetation, landforms & Operations site safety, weeds and feral animals).
9.1.3 Long-term
Decommissioning and closure
During the decommissioning phase, earthworks and rehabilitation activities will be occurring in accordance with rehabilitation and decommissioning plans for the site. All infrastructure will be removed from site unless previously agreed to be retained by the stakeholders. Monitoring
FI Joint Venture Pty Ltd - Yogi Magnetite Project - Mine Closure Plan | 75
against completion criteria will commence. At least two years prior to the end of the mine’s life, FIJV will amend the MCP to contain more specific detail around the planning and implementation of the decommissioning phase.
Post-closure
During post-closure, monitoring and maintenance activities will be undertaken as described in Section 10. A summary of the long-term closure implementation tasks for the Project are presented in Table 9-3. Table 9-3 Long-term closure implementation tasks
Long-term tasks (Q1 2031 – 2041+) Activity Phase
Revisit the completed closure risk assessment Decommissioning and closure and amend if required. Continue to update MCP every 3 years.
Continue collection and analysis of closure data. Decommissioning and closure
Completion criteria are quantifiable and reviewed Decommissioning and closure against ongoing monitoring data.
Complete detailed design and specifications of Decommissioning and closure final landform designs.
Contaminated sites assessment and remediation Decommissioning and closure in accordance with NEPM 2013 and DER 2014 guidelines, where applicable.
Perform rehabilitation earthworks (e.g. batter, Decommissioning and closure shape, cap) and revegetation of landforms, if not done so already through progressive rehabilitation.
Continue with post-closure monitoring program Decommissioning and closure, post-closure (water quality, revegetation success, etc.)
Conduct validation assessments for site Decommissioning and closure, post-closure relinquishment.
Site relinquishment (once all conditions are met). Post-closure
9.1.4 Premature closure: permanent closure or suspended operations under care and maintenance
If areas of the mine site are placed under care and maintenance in the future, infrastructure would remain intact and the site would continue to be managed, maintained and monitored. Monitoring during a potential care and maintenance phase is discussed in Section 10. Planning for premature closure will be addressed in a Decommissioning Plan, scheduled to be written prior to construction works commencing. Financial provisioning for premature closure is discussed in Section 11.
FI Joint Venture Pty Ltd - Yogi Magnetite Project - Mine Closure Plan | 76
9.2 Closure work program by domain A closure work program for each domain is presented in the tables below, which contains closure activities and performance indicators for the structures present in each domain. It is important to note that the closure work program may be amended if completion criteria are changed in future MCPs.
FI Joint Venture Pty Ltd - Yogi Magnetite Project - Mine Closure Plan | 77
9.2.1 Mine Pit
Table 9-4 Mine Pit closure implementation
Tenement No. M59/740 Description & purpose: One open cut mine pit is proposed to be dug in the centre of the tenement. Closure Strategy: Pit will be backfilled to a level of Final landform design/land use: Partially backfilled pit or pit lake at least 1 m above the expected final stablised groundwater level or a pit lake will be present. At ground level, the pit surrounds will be geotechnically stable and vegetated, with isolation fencing/bunding.
Subdomain/structures Description Closure work program Performance indicator Mine Pit Open cut mine pit - Close out environmental data gaps - Conceptual pit closure design included pertaining to pit hydrogeology, hydrology, within next revision of MCP. material characterisation and baseline - Program of works identified within next information (Section 7.4). revision of MCP. - Conduct desktop review of successful regional pit closure approaches. - Review mine plan with consideration of geotechnical stability of pit at the end of mine life. - Conceptualise pit water balance considering inflows and outflows. - Conceptualise and document the pit closure strategy with layout and cross-sections. - Identify data gaps in conceptual design and determine next steps (modelling etc). Diversion Drains Drainage system - Close out environmental data gaps - Conceptual pit closure design included surrounding the mine pit to pertaining to site hydrology and baseline within next revision of MCP. divert surface water flows. information (Section 7.4).
FI Joint Venture Pty Ltd - Yogi Magnetite Project - Mine Closure Plan | 78
9.2.2 Mining Overburden and Waste Facilities
Table 9-5 Mining Overburden and Waste Facilities closure implementation
Tenement No. M59/740 Description & purpose: An overburden storage facility and waste rock storage facility will be established adjacent to the mine pit during operations. Closure Strategy: Batter, shape, cap and revegetate Final landform design/land use: Pastoral lease landforms. Subdomain/structures Description Closure work program Performance indicator Overburden facility - Landform composed of stockpiled - Review mine plan with consideration of - Conceptual overburden landform closure overburden. landform dimensions at end of mine design included within next revision of MCP. - The design of the landform will be life. - Program of works identified within next based on the physical and - Review the site materials revision of MCP. geochemical properties of the characterisation and materials balance. contained materials. - Conduct desktop review of successful regional landform closure approaches. - Review of baseline environmental data with consideration of the ecological function of landforms. - Review of site hydrology considering landform runoff and the diversion of surface water flows. - Conduct stakeholder consultation on visual amenity. - Determine conceptual landform design at closure, based on closure objectives. - Identify data gaps in conceptual design and determine next steps.
Waste rock facility - Landform composed of stockpiled As above. - Conceptual waste rock landform closure waste rock. design included within next revision of MCP. - The design of the landform will be - Program of works identified within next based on the physical and revision of MCP. geochemical properties of the
contained materials.
FI Joint Venture Pty Ltd - Yogi Magnetite Project - Mine Closure Plan | 79
9.2.3 Processing Waste Contaminant Facility
Table 9-6 Processing Waste Contaminant Facility closure implementation
Tenement No. L59/156 Description & purpose: A dry processing waste facility will be established on the tenement. Closure Strategy: Batter, shape, cap and revegetate landform. Final landform design/land use: Pastoral lease Subdomain/structures Description Closure work program Performance indicator Dry processing waste - Landform composed of dry - Review mine plan with consideration of - Conceptual dry processing waste facility processing waste. landform dimensions at end of mine closure design included within next facility - The design of the landform will life. revision of MCP. consider the geochemical and - Review the site materials - Program of works identified within next physical characterisation of the characterisation and materials balance. revision of MCP. waste material. - Conduct desktop review of mines with - Risk register updated within next similar processing methods and revision of MCP. successful closure approaches. - Review of baseline environmental data with consideration of the environmental risk. Update risk register as required. - Review of site hydrology considering landform runoff and the diversion of surface water flows. - Conduct stakeholder consultation on visual amenity. - Determine conceptual landform design at closure, based on closure objectives. - Identify data gaps in conceptual design and determine next steps.
FI Joint Venture Pty Ltd - Yogi Magnetite Project - Mine Closure Plan | 80
9.2.4 Mine and Processing Support Infrastructure
Table 9-7 Mine and Processing Support Infrastructure closure implementation
All tenements Description & purpose: Infrastructure will be located on all tenements and in the pipeline corridor to support all aspects of the mining operations. Closure Strategy: All infrastructure removed from site. All Final landform design/land use: Pastoral lease cleared/disturbed areas to be ripped and revegetated. Subdomain & structures Description Closure work program Performance indicator Cleared areas/buildings Unsealed site roads, laydown areas, - Develop inventory and/or layout maps - Layout maps of each domain to be parking areas, of elements included within this domain included in next revision of MCP. administration/accommodation from mine plan. - Conceptual closure design included buildings and workshops, guard - Develop conceptual closure plan for all within next revision of MCP. house, explosives warehouse elements, notwithstanding that some - Program of works identified within next elements in future may be selectively revision of MCP. retained. - Identify data gaps in conceptual design and determine next steps.
Water infrastructure Fresh/recycled/drainage water - As above; and - As above; and ponds, water supply and monitoring - Continue baseline environmental - Baseline water characterisation data has bores monitoring of water resources (surface been obtained and included in next water, groundwater). revision of MCP.
Operational infrastructure Stockpiles, conveyors, crusher, - As per “cleared areas/buildings” above; - As per “cleared areas/buildings” above, processing plant, power station, and and slurry/water/gas pipeline - Update the legal obligations register - Updated legal obligations register with any closure conditions from land included in next revision of MCP. access negotiations.
FI Joint Venture Pty Ltd - Yogi Magnetite Project - Mine Closure Plan | 81
10. Closure monitoring and maintenance
10.1 Closure monitoring
The collection of information for closure commences with baseline environmental data collection. Baseline data collection involves field inspections and surveys, sampling, laboratory analysis and analysis/interpretation, which are all conducted by technical specialists. The approach applies standard methods, procedures and quality control systems. Baseline sampling locations consider both the onsite and offsite environment, to provide a broad depiction of the environment potentially impacted by the Project. The baseline sampling program is linked to the environmental approvals process. During the construction and operations phases of the Project, FIJV plans to execute management and monitoring programs for managing environmental impacts. It is the patterns and trends established from regular monitoring which build a picture for sustainable closure. Operational monitoring programs will be supplemented by monitoring programs that target the pathway to closure. For example, rehabilitation monitoring will be occurring during these phases, since progressive rehabilitation will be an ongoing feature of the closure program throughout the life of the Project.
Closure monitoring will assess the condition of rehabilitated features and disturbed areas against closure completion criteria (Section 6) to demonstrate that closure objectives (Section 5.2) have been achieved. The monitoring programs aim to meet all obligations both to achieve closure status and meet legal obligations. The methodology and quality control of the monitoring programs will be undertaken in accordance with the relevant state and national guidelines and standards. The monitoring programs will be reported in Annual Environmental Reports (AER) (or as otherwise legally required) until the closure criteria is accepted. Ongoing monitoring and maintenance requirements will be reassessed depending on the outcome of monitoring results and in consultation of major stakeholders and regulatory bodies. The monitoring period may be shortened or lengthened accordingly based on future closure performance but is currently estimated as 10 years following the cessation of mining. Relinquishment of tenements will be sought upon satisfying closure objectives and closure criteria for the domains upon audit and review approval. If monitoring data do not meet target values/ranges and thus indicates that key environmental indictors have moved outside the agreed upon closure criteria, additional monitoring and potential mitigating methodologies may be implemented in order to meet closure criteria standards. Based on the baseline environmental data and the closure domains, some key monitoring activities for the Project are described below. It is expected that these monitoring activities will occur at least annually, however will occur at the frequency prescribed in future revisions of the mine closure plan.
10.1.1 Groundwater monitoring
Monitoring will be undertaken to assess the level and quality of groundwater. Monitoring data will be obtained from onsite and offsite bores to quantify changes in the groundwater environment. Visual inspections of all monitoring locations and equipment shall be completed and documented. The groundwater monitoring results will be assessed and reported in accordance with legal obligations and commitments.
FI Joint Venture Pty Ltd - Yogi Magnetite Project - Mine Closure Plan | 82
10.1.2 Surface water monitoring
Monitoring will be undertaken to assess the quality and flow volumes of the surface water within the site and offsite, including the WPW, EPW, storage ponds and any surface water within the pit. Following the design of the site drainage network, sampling points will also be selected in targeted representative locations. Baseline surface water monitoring results will form the foundation for comparing all other monitoring and results will be assessed and reported in accordance with legal obligations and commitments.
10.1.3 Vegetation monitoring
FIJV intends to develop rehabilitation programs for each domain in order to revegetate areas within the MDE to their post-mining land use. Baseline vegetation monitoring will guide closure activities, such as the need for seed collection. Monitoring of rehabilitation progress is required to compare performance to closure criteria. Weed monitoring will occur and it would be expected that this monitoring would be completed concurrently with the native vegetation monitoring. The vegetation and weed monitoring results and the implications for closure will be assessed and reported in accordance with legal obligations and commitments.
10.1.4 Fauna monitoring
Native fauna monitoring assesses the presence of species of national and state significance in the Project site and immediate surrounds. Both terrestrial and subterranean fauna monitoring will be used to prevent impact (through relocation or redesign of the mine facility, where required), monitor potential changes to the fauna and ensure the post-closure site is conducive with fauna requirements. Feral animal species will also be monitored to quantify the impact they may have on sustainable closure. Fauna field surveys will occur to quantify the presence of fauna species and those surveys will be undertaken in accordance with standard methods and reporting procedures.
10.1.5 Landforms and site safety
Landforms (pit, overburden, waste rock, dry waste) are to be inspected for geotechnical stability and erosional stability. The landforms will be inspected to confirm the integrity of bunds, fencing and indicators of unauthorised entry. The mine site will also be inspected to confirm that land features outside of restricted areas do not present an unacceptable safety risk to persons, stock animals or native fauna, such as the presence of eroded gullies or exposed hazardous materials. Inspections are to include, but are not limited to:
visual inspection; seepage checks;
wall and/or slope stability; road condition; and bund integrity; erosion impacts.
capping integrity;
10.2 Care and maintenance strategy
If areas of the mine site are placed under care and maintenance in the future, the site would continue to be managed, maintained and monitored.
FI Joint Venture Pty Ltd - Yogi Magnetite Project - Mine Closure Plan | 83
Activities to be completed during the care and maintenance phase of the mine are expected to include but are not limited to:
Drainage system maintenance Erosion control activities
Road maintenance activities
Monitoring equipment maintenance (water quality, air quality) Vegetation rehabilitation
Pest control (invasive weed species and feral animals) Further details around monitoring and maintenance activities during a care and maintenance phase will be addressed in the Decommissioning Plan, scheduled to be completed prior to the construction phase of the Project (as discussed in Section 9.1).
FI Joint Venture Pty Ltd - Yogi Magnetite Project - Mine Closure Plan | 84
11. Financial provisioning for closure
FIJV understands that financial provisioning for closure is essential to ensure that adequate funds are available at the time of closure, so that the Western Australian State is not left with an unacceptable liability. FIJV also understands that it is important that the cost of closure is estimated as early as possible.
11.1 Costing methodology
The costing methodology will be based on the proposed area of disturbance for the Project. The costing will take into account the estimated volumes of material requiring earthworks, closure materials required (e.g. plants for revegetation, fencing, drainage control, etc.), hours of equipment usage and man hours required to complete closure activities. Initially, the costing methodology will be simple and high level and it will become progressively more detailed as the mine approaches operation and then closure.
11.2 Review of financial provision
The first financial provision estimate for closure will be based on the conceptual closure designs presented in the next revision of this MCP. Following that, FIJV expects to review financial provisioning for closure every six years or when there are significant changes to the MCP, completion criteria or the mine site which would require closure costing methodology to be updated.
FI Joint Venture Pty Ltd - Yogi Magnetite Project - Mine Closure Plan | 85
12. Management of information and data
FIJV currently maintain electronic records, information and data relevant to the Project on internal company networks. FIJV is committed to developing an electronic information management system for the Project, which contains mine site records and all environmental/safety information and data relevant to mine site closure. More detail regarding the information management system to be adopted and developed by FIJV will be available in subsequent revisions of this MCP.
FI Joint Venture Pty Ltd - Yogi Magnetite Project - Mine Closure Plan | 86
13. Confidentiality
This mine closure plan is required to be publically accessible and available in accordance with the DMP Guideline for Preparing Mine Closure Plans, May 2015. This document is not considered to be confidential.
FI Joint Venture Pty Ltd - Yogi Magnetite Project - Mine Closure Plan | 87 14. References
Beecham, B 2001, Avon Wheatbelt 1 (AW1 - Ancient Drainage subregion). In A Biodiversity Audit of Western Australia's 53 Biogeographical Subregions in 2002 (pp. 7-35). Perth: Department of Environment and Conservation. Available from: https://www.dpaw.wa.gov.au/about-us/science-and-research/ecoinformatics-research/117-a- biodiversity-audit-of-wa. BHP 2018, Mt Keith Satellite Mine Closure Plan, July 2018. Bureau of Meteorology (BoM), n.d. Climatology of Tropical Cyclones in Western Australia. Australian Government. Retrieved 23 March 2019 from: http://www.bom.gov.au/cyclone/climatology/wa.shtml. Brad Goode & Associates 2019a, Due Diligence Risk Assessment Advice for a Mine Proposal at Yalgoo and an Infrastructure Corridor Between Yalgoo and Geraldton Western Australia, A report prepared for FI Joint Venture Pty Ltd, April 2019. Brad Goode & Associates 2019b, Report of an Aboriginal Heritage Survey for the Yogi Magnetite Project in the Shire of Yalgoo, Western Australia, A report prepared for FI Joint Venture Pty Ltd, May 2019. Crosslands Resources Pty Ltd, Jack Hills Iron Ore Mine (Stage 1 Operations), Mine Closure Plan, April 2017.
Department of Environment and Conservation (DEC) 2011, Nomination of a Western Australian ecological community for listing as threatened, priority, change of status or delisting, Eucalypt woodlands of the Western Australian Wheatbelt. Unpublished report. Department of Environment and Conservation (DEC) 2012, Adapting to our changing climate, Western Australian Government, October 2012. Retrieved 12 February 2019 from: https://www.der.wa.gov.au/images/documents/your-environment/climate-change/adapting-to- our-changing-climate-october-2012.pdf. Department of Environment Regulation (DER) 2014, Assessment and management of contaminated Sites, Contaminated Sites Guidelines, Western Australia Department of Environment Regulation, December 2014. Department of the Environment and Energy (DoEE) n.d., Australia’s bioregions (IBRA), retrieved 13 February 2019, from http://www.environment.gov.au/land/nrs/science/ibra.
Department of Industry, Tourism and Resources (DITR) 2007, Managing Acid and Metalliferous Drainage, Leading Practice Sustainable Development Program for the Mining Industry produced by the Department of Industry, Tourism and Resources, Canberra.
Department of Mines and Petroleum (DMP and Environmental Protection Authority (EPA), Guidelines for Preparing Mine Closure Plans, Western Australia, May 2015.
Department of Primary Industries and Regional Development (DoPIRD) 2018, Rangelands of Western Australia, Government of Western Australia. Retrieved 13 February 2019 from: https://www.agric.wa.gov.au/rangelands/rangelands-western-australia. Department of Water and Environmental Regulation (DWER), Contaminated Sites Database, Government of Western Australia. Retrieved 21 February 2019 from: https://dow.maps.arcgis.com/apps/webappviewer/index.html?id=c2ecb74291ae4da2ac32c4418 19c6d47. Desmond, A. and Chant, A 2001a, Yalgoo (YAL). In A Biodiversity Audit of Western Australia's 53 Biogeographical Subregions in 2002 (pp. 656-667). Perth: Department of Conservation and
FI Joint Venture Pty Ltd - Yogi Magnetite Project - Mine Closure Plan | 88 Land Management. Available from: https://www.dpaw.wa.gov.au/about-us/science-and- research/ecoinformatics-research/117-a-biodiversity-audit-of-wa. Desmond, A. and Chant, A 2001b, Geraldton Sandplains 2 (GS2 - Geraldton Hills subregion). In A Biodiversity Audit of Western Australia's 53 Biogeographical Subregions in 2002 (pp. 265- 292). Perth: Department of Environment and Conservation. Available from: https://www.dpaw.wa.gov.au/about-us/science-and-research/ecoinformatics-research/117-a- biodiversity-audit-of-wa. Duguid, A., Barnetson, J., Clifford, B., Pavey, C., Albrecht, D., Risler, J. and McNellie, M. (2005). Wetlands in the arid Northern Territory. A report to the Australian Government Department of the Environment and Heritage on the inventory and significance of wetlands in the arid NT. NT Government Department of Natural Resources, Environment and the Arts. Alice Springs.CSIRO Land and Water. (2013, April 18).
EnviroWorks Consulting 2017, Yogi-Magnetite Project - EPA Referral Supporting Document, FI Joint Venture Pty Ltd (FIJV), F05-J03.
Environmental Protection Authority of Western Australia (EPA) 2018, Notice of Decision to Consent to Change to Proposal During Assessment (12 November 2018). GHD 2018a, FI Joint Venture Pty Ltd., Yogi – Magnetite Project Environmental, Scoping Document, Rev 2.
GHD 2018b, Desktop hydrogeological study (Memo), Prepared for Shadi Sadegh, FI Joint Venture Pty Ltd, 18 September. GHD 2019a, FI Joint Venture Pty Ltd, Yogi – Magnetite Project, Public Environmental Review Document.
GHD 2019b, FI Joint Venture Pty Ltd, Yogi – Magnetite Project, Hydrogeological Investigation. GHD 2019c, FIJV, Yogi Magnetite Mine Project, Stakeholder Engagement Strategy, Rev B.
GHD 2019d, FI Joint Venture Pty Ltd, Yogi Magnetite Project Environment Approvals, Surface Water Assessment. GHD 2019e, FI Joint Venture Pty Ltd, Yogi Magnetite Project, Flora and Vegetation Assessment. GHD 2019f, FI Joint Venture Pty Ltd, Yogi Magnetite Project, Pipeline Corridor Flora and Fauna Assessment.
GHD 2019g, FI Joint Venture Pty Ltd, Yogi – Magnetite Project, Fauna Assessment. GHD 2019h, FI Joint Venture Pty Ltd, Yogi – Magnetite Project, Materials Characterisation Assessment.
GHD 2019i, FI Joint Venture Pty Ltd, Yogi – Magnetite Project, Air Quality Assessment. Hennig, P, Curry, P J, Blood, D A, and Leighton, K A. (1994), An inventory and condition survey of the Murchison River catchment, Western Australia. Department of Agriculture and Food, Western Australia, Perth. Technical Bulletin 84. Available from: https://researchlibrary.agric.wa.gov.au/tech_bull/4/. Invertebrate Solutions 2019a, Survey for Short Range Endemic fauna for the Yogi Magnetite Project, Yalgoo, Western Australia, March 2019. Report Number 2018ISJ0701_D01_20190107. Prepared for: FIJV Ltd, on behalf of GHD Pty Ltd. Invertebrate Solutions 2019b, Phase 1 Survey for Subterranean Fauna for the Yogi Magnetite Project, Yalgoo, Western Australia, March 2019. Report Number 2018ISJ0702_D02_20190308. Prepared for: FIJV Ltd, on behalf of GHD Pty Ltd.
FI Joint Venture Pty Ltd - Yogi Magnetite Project - Mine Closure Plan | 89 Kusha Madan Consulting Eng. 2018. Mineral Resource Estimate Update, Yogi Mine, West Australia (Based on new data from drillings in 2017 by FIJV). Unpublished report prepared for FIJV, Tehran, Iran Markey, A, S. and Dillon, S, J. (2006) Flora and Vegetation of the Banded Ironstone Formations of the Yilgarn Craton: The Central Tallering Land System. Unpublished report (draft) prepared for the Department of Environment and Conservation, 1st August 2006. Payne AL, Van Vreeswyk AME, Pringle HJR (1998) Land Systems. In, An Inventory and Condition Survey of the Sandstone – Yalgoo – Paynes Find Area, Western Australia. Technical Bulletin No. 90 (eds AL Payne, AME Van Vreeswyk, HJR Pringle, KA Leighton and P Hennig), pp. 187–344. Agriculture Western Australia, South Perth.
Sandstone Operations Pty Ltd, Sandstone Gold Project Mine Closure Plan, May 2017. The Shire of Yalgoo, n.d. The Shire of Yalgoo. Retrieved 30 January 2019, from History: http://www.yalgoo.wa.gov.au/the-shire/history.aspx.
Tille, P 2006, Soil-landscapes of Western Australia’s Rangelands and Arid Interior, Resource Management Technical Report 313, Perth, Department of Agriculture and Food. Available from: https://researchlibrary.agric.wa.gov.au/rmtr/295/.
FI Joint Venture Pty Ltd - Yogi Magnetite Project - Mine Closure Plan | 90 Appendix A – Site hydrology photographs
Western Primary Watercourse (WPW) (GHD 2019d)
Minor channels (left) and evidence of sheetflow (right) debris in WPW upstream of mine pit.
The well-defined WPW channel immediately south and downstream of proposed mine pit with evidence of granitic outcrops on the channel bed, livestock activity (left) and bank erosion (right).
WPW further downstream of mine site exhibiting a still very well defined channel, albeit wider and shallower.
FI Joint Venture Pty Ltd - Yogi Magnetite Project - Mine Closure Plan
Eastern Primary Watercourse (WPW) (GHd 2019d)
EPW upstream of mine site, directly west of inselberg, with rocky and vegetated banks (left), and evidence of debris piled high against bank vegetation (right) from significant flow events.
EPW at point east of proposed Guard House, showing abundant vegetation within channel bed and banks (left), and evidence of bank erosion (right)
FI Joint Venture Pty Ltd - Yogi Magnetite Project - Mine Closure Plan Appendix B – Vegetation assessment information
Vegetation types within MDE survey area (GHD 2019g) Vegetation Description Extent (ha) Landform, sample locations Representative photograph type and notes BIF ArrTdHc Acacia ramulosa var. ramulosa, A. umbraculiformis 65.72 Landform: Upper slopes and tall sparse shrubland over Thryptomene decussata, crests of BIF (1c) Philotheca brucei subsp. brucei, Aluta aspera subsp. Sample locations: Q04, Q15, hesperia mid sparse to open shrubland over Q16, Q34, Q38. Helipterum craspedioides, Erodium cygnorum, Wurmbea densiflora isolated herbs. Similar to VT12 described by Maia (2011). Indicator species: Acacia ramulosa var. ramulosa, Thryptomene decussata, Philotheca brucei subsp. Aligns with Community 2 brucei, Aluta aspera subsp. hesperia. described by Markey and Dillon (2008).
AtEgCd Acacia tetragonophylla, A. ramulosa var. ramulosa, 833.66 Landform: lower and mid A. pteraneura mid to tall sparse shrubland over slopes, low crests and hills of (1b) Eremophila galeata, Ptilotus obovatus, Maireana BIF carnosa, Solanum lasiophyllum low sparse shrubland Sample locations: Q01, Q03, over Cephalipterum drummondii, Roebuckiella Q05, Q35, Q44. ciliocarpa, Helipterum craspedioides isolated herbs. Mapped as TSAa, TSAqEf by Indicator species: Acacia tetragonophylla, Coffey (2010) Eremophila galeata, Ptilotus obovatus, Maireana carnosa, Solanum lasiophyllum. Mapped as TSAtAa in the southern part of the survey area by ATA (2006, 2007) Similar to Community 3b and 4 described by Markey and Dillon (2008).
FI Joint Venture Pty Ltd - Yogi Magnetite Project - Mine Closure Plan
Vegetation Description Extent (ha) Landform, sample locations Representative photograph type and notes AEgRc Acacia spp. mid to tall sparse shrubland over 141.70 Landform: low slopes, Eremophila galeata, Ptilotus obovatus, Maireana colluvial flats around BIF (1a) carnosa low sparse shrubland over, Roebuckiella ranges ciliocarpa, Lemooria burkittii, Helipterum Sample locations: Q06, Q37, craspedioides sparse herbland. Q39 Indicator species: Acacia spp., Eremophila galeata, Similar to VT7 described by Ptilotus obovatus, Maireana carnosa, Roebuckiella Maia (2011). ciliocarpa. Similar to Community 3b described by Markey and Dillon (2008). Floodplains APoEc Acacia spp. (Acacia tetragonophylla, A. burkittii, A. 5,587.38 Landform: floodplains ramulosa var. ramulosa, A. pteraneura, A. (2) Sample locations: Q02, Q07, caesaneura), Hakea recurva subsp. recurva mid to Q08, Q17, Q19, Q20, Q21, tall open shrubland over Eremophila forrestii subsp. Q22, Q24, Q25, Q27, Q28, forrestii, Ptilotus obovatus, Solanum lasiophyllum, Q30, Q33, Q36, Q43, Q45, Sida sp. dark green fruits (S. van leeuwen 2260), Q47, Q48, Q49, Q50, Q51, Maireana planifolia low sparse shrubland over Q54, Q55. Erodium cygnorum, Chthonocephalus pseudevax, Helipterum craspedioides sparse herbland. Mapped as TSAtAa in the southern part of the survey Indicator species: Acacia tetragonophylla, A. burkittii, area by ATA (2006, 2007) Eremophila forrestii subsp. forrestii, Ptilotus obovatus, Solanum lasiophyllum, Maireana planifolia, Mapped as TSAcAgAtAb and Erodium cygnorum. TSAbAtAcAa by Coffey (2010). Mosaic APoEc and AeFsEd formed a mosaic in areas 93.48 Landform: floodplains and between adjacent to one of the major drainage lines. This has seasonal inundated areas APoEc and been mapped as Mosaic between APoEc and Sample locations: Q42 AeFsEd AeFsEd (3). (3)
FI Joint Venture Pty Ltd - Yogi Magnetite Project - Mine Closure Plan
Vegetation Description Extent (ha) Landform, sample locations Representative photograph type and notes Drainage areas AeFsEd Acacia eremaea mid to tall sparse shrubland over 391.26 Landform: floodplains and Frankenia setosa, Maireana tomentosa, Ptilotus seasonal inundated areas (4) obovatus low open shrubland over Eragrostis dielsii, Sample locations: Q09, Q10, Helipterum craspedioides, Chthonocephalus Q41, Q46 pseudevax isolated grasses and herbs. Indicator species: Acacia eremaea, Frankenia setosa, Maireana tomentosa, Eragrostis dielsii.
AtSePd Acacia tetragonophylla mid to tall sparse shrubland 99.77 Landform: minor drainage over Sida ectogama, Solanum lasiophyllum, lines and gullies (5) Eremophila galeata low sparse shrubs over Sample locations: T01, T03, Cymbopogon ambiguus mid isolated tussock grasses T04, T05 over Pluchea dentex, Roebuckiella ciliocarpa, Helipterum craspedioides isolated herbs. Mapped as TSTOSAtAnAs in the southern part of the Indicator species: Acacia tetragonophylla, Sida survey area by ATA ectogama, Solanum lasiophyllum, Cymbopogon Environmental (2006) ambiguus, Pluchea dentex.
AbCaPd Acacia burkittii, A. tetragonophylla mid to tall open 157.48 Landform: major drainage shrubland over Ptilotus obovatus, Solanum lines (6) lasiophyllum low sparse shrubs over Cymbopogon Sample locations: Q12, Q29, ambiguus mid isolated tussock grasses over Pluchea Q40, Q53, T02 dentex, Lysimachia arvensis, Cyperus ?alterniflorus, Euphorbia drummondii isolated herbs and sedges. Mapped as TSAbAtAcAa in the western part of the Indicator species: Acacia burkittii, A. tetragonophylla, survey area by Coffey (2010) Cymbopogon ambiguus, Pluchea dentex, Lysimachia arvensis, Cyperus ?alterniflorus, Euphorbia drummondii.
FI Joint Venture Pty Ltd - Yogi Magnetite Project - Mine Closure Plan
Vegetation Description Extent (ha) Landform, sample locations Representative photograph type and notes Granite outcrops AuEeBs Acacia umbraculiformis, A. tetragonophylla, A. 824.77 Landform: granite outcrops ramulosa var. linophylla tall to mid-sparse shrubland with shallow soils. (7) over Eremophila exilifolia, E. forrestii subsp. forrestii Sample locations: Q13, Q14, mid- isolated shrubs over Borya sphaerocephala, Q18, Q23, Q26, Q31, Q32, Ptilotus obovatus, Solanum lasiophyllum low isolated Q52 shrubs over Hyalosperma glutinosum subsp. venustum, Pogonolepis muelleriana isolated herbs. Indicator species: Acacia umbraculiformis, Eremophila exilifolia, E. forrestii subsp. forrestii, Borya sphaerocephala, Hyalosperma glutinosum subsp. venustum, Pogonolepis muelleriana. Low rises AiMsSa Acacia incognita mid isolated shrubs over 1.04 Landform: low lateritic rise No photo available Micromyrtus sulphurea, Ptilotus obovatus, (8) Sample locations: Q11 Eremophila latrobei subsp. warty leaves (M. Officer 230) low isolated shrubs over Stenopetalum anfractum, Gnephosis brevifolia, Goodenia ?pinnatifida isolated herbs. Indicator species: Acacia incognita, Micromyrtus sulphurea, Ptilotus obovatus, Stenopetalum anfractum, Gnephosis brevifolia. Cleared areas Cleared Cleared areas including the Yalgoo – Mt Magnet 33.57 Road (0)
FI Joint Venture Pty Ltd - Yogi Magnetite Project - Mine Closure Plan Appendix C - Fauna assessment information
Major fauna habitats within MDE survey area (GHD 2019g)
Description Extent in the Representative Images Survey area BIF Ridgeline 1249.57 ha Open shrublands of Acacia sp., Thryptomene sp., Eremophila forrestii, E. galeata and Ptilotus sp. On low banded ironstone formation ridgelines.
Along the western edge of the survey area is a Banded Ironstone low rocky ridge line and associated rocky slopes. This habitat supports limited vegetation (likely due to shallow soil profiles). However the environment supports scattered mixed shrubs of Acacia, Thryptomene sp., Eremophila forrestii, E. galeata and Ptilotus sp.. The environment had little ground covers, litter, logs or debris. This is possibly due to the lack of vegetative material and/or by grazing from Cattle. There was no evidence of fire in this environment.
The low rocky slopes are a mosaic of quartz and iron stone composition with scattered minor outcropping, crevasses, slopes, rock sizes and stability. No typical caves were recorded in outcropping but ground level undermined areas were recorded around some small breakaways. These appeared to be utilised by Euro (Macropus robustus), Echidna (Trachyglossus aculeatus), Woolleys's Pseudantechinus (Pseudantechinus woolleyae) and/or large monitor lizards. Due to the lack of cover and shallow soils (difficulty for species to dig and hide) few specimens were trapped in this environment however Spinifex Hopping Mouse (Notomys alexis) appeared to be the most abundant. However this species appeared to be travelling from the plain to feed on the ridgeline. The Chestnut- breasted Quail-thrush (Cinclosoma castaneothorax) was the most common bird species recorded in this environment.
Conservation significant fauna Few fauna species were recorded in this environment however two species are known to persist. The rocky slopes and ridgeline would provide core habitat for the Long-tailed Dunnart (Sminthopsis longicaudata) (ie denning) and Gilled Slender Bluetongue (Cyclodomorphis branchialis), which is known from the region and likely to occur in the survey area. The Western spiny-tailed skink (Egernia stokesii badia) was recorded in this environment via a latrine site and is likely to persist in other small outcropping areas present. Peregrine Falcon (Falco peregrinus) may also utilise these areas for foraging.
FI Joint Venture Pty Ltd - Yogi Magnetite Project - Mine Closure Plan
Description Extent in the Representative Images Survey area
Moderate value (But maybe of high value if additional Western Spiny-tailed Skinks are located) Riparian/Creek line 421.03 ha Tall shrublands Callistemon, Eucalyptus, Scaevola with herbs and grassland along minor creeks and drainagelines An ephemeral creek/drainage lines runs from the north eastern corner of the survey area south west and along the base of the BIF ridge. The main drainage line follows the gradient of the survey area, generally flowing from east to west. The creek and other small ephemeral creeks supports generally narrow, linear shrublands and open woodlands and was more structurally diverse than the surrounding habitats. The vegetation along these drainage lines is dominated by Acacia species with scattered mixed shrubs including Callistemon, Eucalyptus, Scaevola with herbs and grassland. In areas this environment was densely vegetated particularly where associated to sandy soils, heavier soils had little vegetation. Areas had good litter and debris present including large branches and logs creating numerous usable habitat options for fauna species.
The drainage lines have a mosaic of substrates with a complex and variable mix of rocky, stony and sandy profiles. The substrates would vary and erode in response to rainfall and flooding. There was no evidence of fire in this habitat. These linear patches of habitat provide a corridor for the movement of fauna through the local landscape. Small birds (such as the Splendid Fairy-wren (Malurus splendens) and honeyeaters) would utilise this denser vegetation for foraging, movement and nesting. Two species of frog the Central Burrowing frog (Platyplectrum spenceri) and Guenther’s Toadlet (Pseudophryne guentheri) were also recorded in this habitat after a rain event.
Conservation significant fauna The increased structural diversity and substrate variation in this environment is likely to support a broader suit of fauna species than the surrounding habitat types. Additionally these drainage lines would be utilised as corridors for species. The Gilled Slender Bluetongue may utilise the rocky habitat in portions of the drainage lines while the Peregrine Falcon would utilise these well vegetated corridors for hunting/foraging.
High Value
FI Joint Venture Pty Ltd - Yogi Magnetite Project - Mine Closure Plan
Description Extent in the Representative Images Survey area Flood Plain 288.0 ha Mixed Shrublands of Acacia, Eremophila, Grevillia and Hakea on seasonally inundated floodplain The floodplains surrounded the ephemeral main Creek line in the survey area. The vegetation consisted of mixed shrublands of Acacia, Eremophila, Grevillia and Hakea. This habitat was diverse in structure and was evidently sculptured by moving waters. Some areas were deep sands while others loam. There were high points in the environment and areas where water ran or pooled. There was no evidence of fire in this environment. This habitat would provide a variety of habitat resources for fauna species, and patches had a greater structural diversity than the surrounding shrublands. The Acacia shrublands that occur on the floodplains surrounding the Creek (and higher sandy areas) would also provide good habitat for burrowing species (such as Jan’s Banded Snake (Simoselaps bertholdi)) given the looser sandy substrate.
Conservation significant fauna The increased structural diversity and substrate variation in this environment is likely to support a broader suit of fauna species than the surrounding habitat types. The Peregrine Falcon would utilise these well vegetated corridors for hunting/foraging. Moderate Value Chenopod Plain 253.24 ha Low open healthland of Atriplex, Marieana, Sclerolaena and scattered Acacia on fine sandy soils. The Chenopod Plain compiled a relatively small area around the flood Plain and riparian/drainage line areas. The plain comprised fine sands over a layer of heavy loam with an over storey dominated by hardy, low shrub species. The dominant plant species were Acacia, Atriplex, Marieana, and Sclerolaena with herbs and grasses. The main areas of chenopods were located in the north west of the site and were in close proximity to surface water used as a drinking source for pastoral and native animals. As such bovine grazing (showing signs of heavy grazing, soil compaction and trampling) noticeably impacted the chenopod plains. The Chenopod Plains had high lizard activity (which is represented in trapping site 1 data) but does not attract large numbers of small mammals which is probably due to the lack of over storey coverage.
Conservation significant fauna The increased structural diversity and sandy substrate in this environment is likely to support a broader suit of fauna species than the surrounding habitat types. Additionally the Chenopod fruits are a well known food item for native wildlife and
FI Joint Venture Pty Ltd - Yogi Magnetite Project - Mine Closure Plan
Description Extent in the Representative Images Survey area thought to be the main reason they are utilise by Night Parrot. The Gilled Slender Bluetongue may utilise this habitat and the Peregrine Falcon would utilise these well vegetated corridors for hunting/foraging. High Value
Mixed Acacia Plain 4991.22 ha Shrublands of Mixed Acacia on plain on loam/clay soils Acacia shrublands are the most dominant habitat type within the survey area, comprising a variety of different vegetation types including open Acacia shrublands with grasses and herbs and denser areas of tall Acacia shrubland with little understorey. A large proportion of the Acacia shrublands has been previously disturbed by cattle grazing, resulting in large areas with very limited understorey or groundcover vegetation. There are also areas with little evidence of disturbance, which retain some structural diversity. The environment had areas of good ground covers, litter, logs or debris. There was no evidence of fire in this habitat. In areas where the shrubland is denser, this vegetation would provide suitable habitat for a variety of fauna species, in particular foraging opportunities, breeding habitat and refugia for bush birds and small mammals. Where the shrubland was more open, and on loamy soils, large termitaria were present. Termitaria provide habitat and food source for numerous small reptiles, mammals and invertebrates.
Conservation significant fauna This habitat is the most homogenic and widespread in the region. Historically numerous species would have persisted but are now locally extinct. The Gilled Slender Bluetongue may utilise this habitat and the Peregrine Falcon would utilise these well vegetated corridors for hunting/foraging. Moderate Value
FI Joint Venture Pty Ltd - Yogi Magnetite Project - Mine Closure Plan Description Extent in the Representative Images Survey area Granitic formations 1027.03 ha Scattered Low Shrublands of Acacia, Eremophila, Grevillia, Hakea and Boyra amongst granite outcropping Granite outcrops occur over the site and throughout the immediate surrounding area. A greater number of outcrops are present in the north eastern portion of the survey area and situate in raised undulations over the survey area. The granite formations are usually associated with low vegetation types due to the shallow soils and comprise Acacia, Eremophila, Grevillia, hakea, and Boyra and an abundance of grasses and herbs. The environment had areas of good ground covers, litter and debris but lacked logs due to vegetation present. However the outcropping with exfoliating rock, crevices and slabbing provides excellent cover for a range of fauna species. There was no evidence of fire in this habitat. False Antechinus appears to be the most common mammal to frequent or reside near this habitat type. Cracks and ledges formed in the granite and its loose stones provide a majority of the habitat for reptiles and small mammals to hide.
Conservation significant fauna The Western spiny-tailed skink was detected in cracks and ledges of granitic formations in the survey area and immediate surrounds. Several colonies of Western Spiny-tailed Skink were found under granite ledges to the north-east of the study area during an active search and a number of latrines were located within the survey area suggesting the species is present in other granite habitat nearby. Additionally the Long-tailed Dunnart and Gilled Slender Bluetongue is also likely to utilise this habitat. Peregrine Falcon may also utilise these areas for foraging. High Value
FI Joint Venture Pty Ltd - Yogi Magnetite Project - Mine Closure Plan Appendix D - Closure risk assessment register
Closure risk assessment register
Closure risk assessment framework
FI Joint Venture Pty Ltd - Yogi Magnetite Project - Mine Closure Plan Yogi Magnetite Project – Closure Risk Assessment Register
Potential Impacts Person/s Domain/s Risk Issue Causes Controls to Environmental Factors Risk Risk Responsible Likelihood Likelihood onsequence Consequence C - Decline in quality of groundwater - Pit lake water quality is poor due to the - Geochemical characterisation of pit material and surface water sources. Contamination of geochemistry of the pit wall. to understand potential risks to water quality.
surface water, - Toxic effects to native fauna and
- Poor quality water is transferred from the pit - Water quality monitoring against target Environmental groundwater and/or soil stock animals through being into the surrounding environment through value ranges during mining and post-closure. Manager / Mine onsite and/or offsite by exposed to contaminated vegetation, High
hydrological and/or hydrogeological fluxes. Major Engineering Likely - Engineering controls to divert flows away Unlikely pit lake water, if a pit soil and water. Medium - Native fauna and stock animals are exposed from sensitive environmental receptors. Moderate Manager lake is present onsite - Toxic effects to vegetation and land to the pit lake water (by way of the lake itself - Treat pit lake water if target water quality post-closure. use from contaminated soil and or other water sources). values are not met. water. - Engineering design of pit with consideration
- Remedial earthworks required with
- Poor design and/or construction of pit. of closure.
potentially substantial costs. Pit wall instability – - Failed drainage controls. - Earthworks undertaken to reshape pit walls Mine Engineering - Delays in achieving mine closure Low Rare Mine Pit slope failure/erosion. - Slope failure and erosion. to a stable slope angle and provide support. Minor Manager objectives required for tenement Medium Possible Moderate - Geotechnical inspections of the pit wall relinquishment. throughout the mine’s life and post-closure.
- Pit perimeter will be bunded, fenced and
- Pit does not have appropriate - Injury or death to people. Mine Safety Injury or death to signed to prevent unauthorised entry. fencing/barricade and signage to prevent - Injury or death to fauna (native or Manager / Mine Low Rare
people or fauna. - Inspections of safety aspects of the pit Minor Unlikely unauthorised entry. stock animals). Medium Manager Moderate throughout mine’s life and post-closure.
Stakeholder
- Decreased visual amenity. Engagement - Construction of the pit within the surrounding Loss of visual or - Stakeholder engagement outcomes to Manager / landscape. - Loss or negative effects to Low ossible community amenity. vegetation, water sources and land Minor inform rehabilitation plan for pit surroundings. Environmental Medium use. Possible P Manager / Mine Insignificant Manager - Releases from the landform which - Engineering design of facilities with consideration of closure. - Slope failure of landform. negatively affect surrounding environmental receptors - Geotechnical inspections of the landforms
- Erosion from water or wind.
(vegetation/surface water quality/air throughout the mine’s life and post-closure. - Poor design/engineering/construction of Landform instability – quality). - Earthworks and progressive rehabilitation of Mine Engineering landform.
slope failure/erosion. - Remedial earthworks required with High landforms undertaken to prevent erosion and Manager Likely Medium
- Failed drainage controls. Possible potentially substantial costs. Moderate production of dust. Moderate - Extreme rainfall event. Mining - Delays in achieving mine closure - Earthworks undertaken to make stable slope Overburden and - Weathering of rock material. objectives required for tenement angle. Waste Facilities relinquishment. - Drainage controls implemented. - Waste characterisation to understand - Contamination of surface water geochemistry and acid generating/acid mine Processing Waste sources. drainage potential of materials within Contaminant - Contamination of groundwater. landform.
Facility - Cover and capping works/rehabilitation to Mine Engineering - Toxic effects to vegetation and land Leaching from - Infiltration of rainfall. use from contaminated soil and reduce water infiltration. Manager / Mine hazardous materials - Weathering of rock material. High
Major Environmental water. Likely - Drainage controls implemented. Unlikely within landforms. Medium - Toxic effects to native fauna and - Groundwater and surface water monitoring Moderate Manager stock animals through being in the surrounds and offsite from the exposed to contaminated vegetation, landforms to occur during mining and post- soil and water. closure to determine any negative effects to environmental receptors.
FI Joint Venture Pty Ltd - Yogi Magnetite Project - Mine Closure Plan Yogi Magnetite Project – Closure Risk Assessment Register
Potential Impacts Person/s Domain/s Risk Issue Causes Controls to Environmental Factors Risk Risk Responsible Likelihood Likelihood onsequence Consequence C
- Stakeholder engagement to inform closure Stakeholder
- Decreased visual or community plan for landforms.
- Increased visibility of landforms within the Engagement
amenity. - Progressive revegetation of landform Loss of visual or surrounding landscape. Manager / - Loss or negative effects to undertaken to complement surrounding Low High
community amenity. - Production of dust from erosion of landforms. Minor Minor Environmental
vegetation and land use and environment. Unlikely Manager / Mine decreased air quality. - Air quality and/or visual amenity modelling Almost certain Manager of the closure scenario. - All above ground and below ground infrastructure will be removed and disturbed area rehabilitated. - All site surface water bodies will be - Lack of or poor fencing/barricade and removed and disturbed area rehabilitated, signage to prevent entry or to advise of
Safety incidents to unless otherwise agreed with stakeholders.
exclusion areas.
people or fauna - All hazardous materials will be removed Mine Safety - Hazardous materials left onsite post-closure. - Injury or death to people or fauna (native/stock) that from site or disposed of/buried in designated Manager / Mine Low Rare
- Infrastructure or other mine service features that access the site post-closure. Minor Unlikely access the site post- Medium areas. Manager (e.g. water storage ponds) left onsite post- Moderate closure. - Fencing/barricades and signage will be closure. present around site. - Former access roads to site will be rehabilitated to prevent continued use. Mine and - Inspections of site safety throughout mine’s Processing life and post-closure. Support - Decline in quality of groundwater - Any contaminated soil onsite removed or Infrastructure - Erosion/exposure of any buried hazardous and surface water sources. remediated.
materials disposed of onsite. -Toxic effects to native fauna and - Hazardous materials disposed of onsite are Mine
Contamination of - Hazardous materials left uncovered onsite. stock animals through being capped and covered appropriately to prevent Environmental surface water, - Contaminated surface water runoff migrates exposed to contaminated vegetation, erosion and water infiltration. Manager / Mine Low
groundwater and soil Minor Minor Unlikely soil and water. Medium Engineering
offsite. Possible onsite and/or offsite. - Groundwater and surface water monitoring - Leaching from hazardous materials to - Toxic effects to vegetation and land to occur onsite and offsite during mining and Manager groundwater. use from contaminated soil and post-closure to determine any negative water. effects to environmental receptors. Mine
Pipeline has variable
- Pipeline route is on several different land - Inconsistent closure requirements, Environmental closure conditions parcels and individual agreements may need leading to additional cost or - Consider closure requirements during land Manager / which makes Low
to be sought with each regarding inconsistent environmental Minor access negotiations. Minor Stakeholder Unlikely relinquishment difficult Medium relinquishment conditions. outcomes. Possible Engagement to achieve. Manager - Set realistic and achievable post-mining land use and rehabilitation completion - Vegetation does not establish due to natural criteria. - Post-mining land use is not causes, e.g. lack of rainfall. - Undertake revegetation trials throughout the
achieved.
Revegetation targets for -Vegetation does not establish due to poor life of the mine to gain information on local - Target richness/density of Mine disturbed areas to be management practices, e.g. management of conditions to improve the likelihood of All domains vegetation is not achieved. Environmental
topsoil. High revegetation success.
rehabilitated are not Minor Likely
Medium Manager
- Delays in achieving the mine Possible achieved. - Poor seed quality and/or unsuitable growth Moderate - Apply a suitable growth media (e.g. topsoil closure objectives required for medium. from site) that has been managed properly. tenement relinquishment. - Unsuitable species chosen for revegetation. -Perform ripping and sowing with suitable native species seeds and fertiliser.
FI Joint Venture Pty Ltd - Yogi Magnetite Project - Mine Closure Plan Risk Matrix Consequences Likelihood Insignificant Minor Moderate Major Catastrophic
Almost Certain HIGH HIGH EXTREME EXTREME EXTREME
Likely MEDIUM HIGH HIGH HIGH EXTREME
Possible LOW MEDIUM MEDIUM HIGH EXTREME
Unlikely LOW LOW MEDIUM HIGH HIGH
Rare LOW LOW MEDIUM MEDIUM HIGH
Likelihood Criteria Description Likelihood Frequency Probability
Only occurs in exceptional circumstances – less Highly unlikely to occur, only occurs in exceptional circumstances. Only known to have occurred 1-2 times at Rare <5% chance of occurring in 1 year than once in 50 years similar operations.
Unlikely Could occur every 10-20 years 5-30% chance of occurring in 1 year Unlikely to occur but there is a possibility it may occur. Has occurred before within the industry.
Possible Occurs at least once every 5 years 30-60% chance of occurring in 1 year Possible it may occur at some time as it has happened previously on an irregular basis within the industry.
Likely Occurs every 1-2 years 60-80% chance of occurring in 1 year Likely to occur as it is known to occur and has occurred on a number of occasions within the industry.
Event is expected to occur in most circumstances as it is a common or repeating occurrence within the Almost Certain Occurs more than once per year 80-100% chance of occurring in 1 year industry.
Consequence Criteria Environmental Factor Insignificant Minor Moderate Major Catastrophic Widespread mortality of Mortality of up to 20 conservation significant fauna Mortality or injury of a small Mortality or injury of a small conservation significant fauna having a long term impact number of conservation number of conservation Mortality or injury of a general individuals (or multiple unlisted potentially causing a change in significant or general native significant or general native (non-conservation significant) native fauna <50) or review of the species fauna species (typically <5) fauna species (typically <10) native fauna species individual Widespread, long term loss of protection category. that does not have a lasting that has a medium term effect a large number of general Widespread, long term loss of effect on the local population. on the local population. Biodiversity/ Flora/ Fauna/ native fauna (>100). of a large number of unlisted Ecosystem native fauna (>100). Minor, short term isolated loss Short term localised loss of Permanent, widespread loss of of conservation significant or conservation significant or Long term loss of habitat for a Medium term loss of habitat for habitat for conservation general native fauna habitat unlisted native fauna habitat conservation significant fauna conservation significant fauna significant fauna of >20% at a within the Mine Development within the Mine Development of 0-20% at a regional scale or of up to 20% at a local scale regional scale or >50% at a Envelope that is well Envelope that is well 20-50% at a local scale local scale. represented in the area represented in the area
FI Joint Venture Pty Ltd - Yogi Magnetite Project - Mine Closure Plan Minor, temporary decline in Minor decline in vegetation Significant, widespread and Moderate, localised decline in Major regional decline in vegetation diversity, diversity, abundance and permanent decline in vegetation diversity, vegetation diversity, abundance and health within health within the Mine vegetation diversity, abundance and health that can abundance and health that can an isolated area of the Mine Development Envelope that abundance and health that can include localised loss of a include localised loss of a Development Envelope that can include impact on include complete loss of conservation significant flora conservation significant flora does not impact on conservation significant flora. conservation significant flora species. Recoverable in the species. Recoverable in the conservation significant flora. Recoverable in the short term species within the region. Not medium term <10 years. long term <50 years. Recoverable within <1 year <5 years recoverable. Minor, temporary, localised Minor, short term, localised Significant, widespread and decline in biodiversity within decline in biodiversity within Moderate, medium term, Widespread, long term, permanent decline in the Mine Development the Mine Development localised decline in biodiversity regional decline in biodiversity biodiversity within the region. Envelope (recoverable within 1 Envelope (recoverable within 5 (recoverable within 10 years) (recoverable within 50 years) Not recoverable year) years) Short term minor reduction in Short term reduction in local Reduction in regional air Reduction in regional air Permanent, ongoing reduction local air quality that does not air quality that exceeds NEPM quality that exceeds NEPM quality that results in in regional air quality that exceed National criteria or Part V operating criteria but can be rectified in exceedance of NEPM criteria exceeds NEPM criteria, is Air Quality Environmental Protection licence limit. the short term. and will require long term unable to be rectified and Measure (NEPM) criteria or ongoing management. May impacts on human health Part V operating licence limit. impact on human health
Land contamination within an Land contamination within the Localised land contamination Land contamination which Land contamination which isolated area in the Mine Mine Development Envelope within the Mine Development impacts the local area outside impacts a large area outside Development Envelope that that can be remediated in the Envelope that can be the Mine Development the Mine Development requires limited remediation, if short term. Does not impact on remediated in the medium Envelope. Requires significant Envelope which is long lasting any. Does not impact on other other environmental values. term, may have secondary remediation effort over the (> 50 years) and requires long Landforms - land degradation environmental values. impacts to environmental long term and impacts on term, ongoing management. values within the Mine environmental values within The contamination impacts on Development Envelope the affected area environmental values which may not recover.
Minor loss of soils within an Moderate loss of soils that that Moderate loss of soils that Major loss of soils that has a Significant loss of soils that isolated area in the Mine causes localised short term causes a medium term impact moderate to long term impact has a permanent impact on Landforms - soils Development Envelope that impact on environmental on environmental values on environmental values within environmental values within does not impact on values within the Mine within the region the region the region. environmental values Development Envelope
Minor localised (within the Localised (within the Mine Moderate decline in surface Significant decline in surface Significant decline in surface Mine Development Envelope) Development Envelope) water quality, availability water quality, availability water quality, availability decline in surface water decline in surface water and/or flows downstream of and/or flows on a regional and/or flows on a regional Surface Water quality, availability and/or flows quality, availability and/or flows the Mine Development scale that restricts beneficial scale that restricts beneficial that does not affect beneficial that impacts beneficial use but Envelope that impacts use in the short to medium use in the long term and use will recover in the short term beneficial use in the short term term recovery is unlikely
Minor localised (within the Localised (within the Mine Moderate decline in Significant decline in Significant decline in Mine Development Envelope) Development Envelope) groundwater quality, groundwater quality, groundwater quality, decline in ground water quality, decline in ground water quality, availability and/or water levels availability and/or water levels availability and/or water levels availability and/or change in availability and/or change in beyond the Mine Development on a regional scale that on a regional scale that Groundwater water levels that does not water levels that impacts Envelope that impacts restricts beneficial use in the restricts beneficial use in the affect beneficial use beneficial use but will recover beneficial use in the short term short to medium term long term and recovery is in the short term unlikely
Post-mining landforms are Post-mining landforms are Post-mining landforms are Post-mining landforms are Post-mining landforms are safe, stable and predominantly generally safe and stable but predominantly safe and stable unsafe and unstable and have unsafe and unstable. They free of erosion features have some minor erosion that but have some moderate significant erosion features have either experienced doesn't warrant remedial work erosion features which can be across the landform that will complete failure or are eroded Mine Closure or require ongoing fixed through remedial work require ongoing management to an extent that reconstruction management or significant remedial work to the whole or part of the rectify landform is required.
FI Joint Venture Pty Ltd - Yogi Magnetite Project - Mine Closure Plan Revegetation is only slightly Revegetation is below Revegetation is moderately Revegetation is significantly Revegetation is not successful. less than biodiversity targets biodiversity targets for species below biodiversity targets for below (less than half) Vegetation is unable to be for species richness, survival richness, survival rates and species richness, survival biodiversity targets for species successfully established rates and density, intervention density but it is expected to be rates and density. It is not richness, survival rates and is unlikely to be required to able to be address through expected to meet the targets density after a prolonged achieve the targets minor intervention in the form without a period of intervention period of time (10 years) or supplementary seeding, using a variety of techniques planting or weed management
Post-mining landforms are Post-mining landforms have a Post-mining landforms have a Post-mining landform is The post-mining landform is non-polluting, with potentially minor amount of potentially minor amount of potentially causing ongoing causing significant ongoing hazardous materials contained hazardous materials present hazardous materials which are pollution/contamination within pollution /contamination which within the landform. which may cause short term causing pollution within the the Mine Development impacts beyond the Mine pollution to the immediate Mine Development Envelope which will require Development Envelope. It will environment but management Envelopment. Short term long term management in require ongoing management is not required. management is required to order to meet the end land and prevent the end land use address. use. from being realised.
Medium term impact on a Significant, ongoing impact on Short term impact on a small larger number of community Ongoing impact on moderate the local community which number of community members >5 that can be number of community causes widespread local members or receptors (<5) addressed in a timely manner members (>20) that can be unrest. Negligible impact on and is not of ongoing concern. addressed in the moderate to Social - Community and community or any site of Minor impact within the long term. Culture Site of high cultural cultural significance boundary of a culturally Site of moderate cultural significance is destroyed significant site that does not significance is impacted, but Site of moderate cultural without prior approval. The impact on the heritage values not destroyed without required significance is destroyed heritage value of the site is lost present. approvals. The impact may be without prior approval. is completely lost. able to be rectified.
FI Joint Venture Pty Ltd - Yogi Magnetite Project - Mine Closure Plan FI Joint Venture Pty Ltd - Yogi Magnetite Project - Mine Closure Plan