DOCSLIB.ORG

Adrian Chircu–Buftea, Précis De Morphologie Romane, Casa Cărții De Știință, Cluj-Napoca, 2011, 184 P

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Adrian Chircu–Buftea, Précis De Morphologie Romane, Casa Cărții De Știință, Cluj-Napoca, 2011, 184 P book review doi:10.17684/i1A11en DIACRONIA ISSN: 2393-1140 Impavidi progrediamur! www.diacronia.ro Adrian Chircu–Buftea, Précis de morphologie romane, Casa Cărții de Știință, Cluj-Napoca, 2011, 184 p. Anda Bratu∗ Faculty of Letters, “Babeș–Bolyai” University, Str. Horea 31, 400202 Cluj-Napoca, Romania Written in the French language, this volume brings el (elo, lo) / pl. los (elos) vs. esp. mod. masc. (sing.) an important contribution to the study of Romance el (lo) / pl. los”) (p. 39). The declared aim of the languages, which lately have not aroused so much ten chapters is to illustrate the main changes that had the interest of Romanian linguists. In the foreword, taken place in the approached discourse categories in the author confesses that: “le manque d’ouvrages de all the seven Romance languages and, additionally, morphologie romane, surtout en Roumanie, nous a the specificity of each of them. déterminé à concevoir un livre synthétique facile à The approach of this book is based on a great consulter et source de nombreux enseignements lin- variety of examples taken from all the analysed Ro- guistiques” (p. 5). mance languages, examples about which the author This work has an illustrative character and offers claims that are generally constructed. Some of them to those interested information about the evolution are presented within a context “port. Não mani- of the morphological system, from the Latin lan- festou nenhuma surpresa. [Il ne manifeste aucune guage, towards Romance languages. It consists of surprise.]” (p. 78), the others are presented independ- ten synthetic chapters which describe the so-called ently “it. pochino ‘un tout petit peu’” (p. 134), but, for “parties du discours”: noun, adjective, article, pro- the both, a translation in French is provided. noun, numeral, verb, adverb, preposition, conjunc- Structurally, each chapter contains a definition tion and interjection. The length of these chapters of the approached part of discourse and an analysis varies depending on the distinctions that occur when of its particular grammatical categories, in evolving approaching a part of discourse. For example, the from Latin, towards Romance languages. These cat- ones dedicated to the pronoun or the verb are the egories are illustrated using different and well picked most extensive ones (and this is due to the variety of examples, the aim of which is, as mentioned above, types of pronoun: personal, reflexive, indefinite, etc. highlighting the specificity or, sometimes, the re- or due to different aspects concerning verbs: conjug- semblance between the discussed languages. ations, moods and tenses, voices, etc.). In contrast The first of the ten synthetic chapters, called “Le with these ones, the chapters about interjections and nom”, discusses about the noun and its particular conjunctions are less extensive. In the volume’s struc- grammatical categories: gender, number, case. In ture, there is also included a very rich bibliography what concerns the gender, Romanian language is the which shows an up to date reading of the literature only one, from the family of Romance languages, and an index of authors. which still has the neuter gender, inherited from Being specialized in Romance languages but also Latin (p. 10). The second grammatical category, the in Romanian language, the author analyses seven number, is conveyed in Romance languages through of these: Romanian, French, Italian, Spanish, Por- plural inflections of vowel type (the case of Ro- tuguese, Catalan, Provençal, and sometimes also manian and Italian) or consonantal type for the other refers to Sardinian, Dalmatian and Rhetoroman. Romance languages (p. 15). Regarding the case, the There must be also stated that sometimes he uses author underlines that in Latin there were six cases: examples not just from the modern aspect of these Nominative, Accusative, Genitive, Dative, Ablative Romance languages but also from the ancient one and Vocative but, in the evolution towards Romance (e.g., the article in Spanish “anc. esp. masc. (sing.) languages, these had reduced first to five and then ∗Email address: [email protected]. © 2015 The Authors. Publishing rights belong to the Journal. Diacronia 1, January 13, 2015, A11 (1–3) 2 Anda Bratu to three (in Vulgar Latin) and in the Romance lan- inforcement, possessive, negative and all together, guages it arrived to two cases: “cas sujet et cas régime” relative, interrogative, and “exclamatif ”. From all (p. 17–18). Romanian language represents the ex- of these, the forms of the pronoun of politeness ception because it kept from Latin three case forms. from Romanian have their source in the Latin nouns In the second part of the book, dedicated to ad- “dŏmĭnus et dŏmĭna” (p. 49), whereas the other Ro- jectives, it is insisted upon the grammatical category mance languages express politeness through forms of comparison, since it is through it “l’adjectiv se that belong to different types of pronouns or even différencie des autres parties de discourse variables” different parts of discourse (p. 50). The pronoun (p. 24), in spite of the fact that in Romance languages of reinforcement is specific to Romanian and comes there are few adjectives that do not posses grades of from the demonstrative ĭpse to which the reflexive comparison “it. eterno, rom. perfect” (p. 34). The pronoun is added (p. 60). From all the types of comparison has three grades: positive, comparative, pronoun, the possessive one proves to be the most and superlative. The author considers that the posit- conservative in relation to Latin (p. 61). The relative, ive should not be counted as a grade of comparison, interrogative and “exclamatifs” pronouns are treated since it does not express any idea of comparison, together due to the formal resemblances between but represents “une catégorie comparative neutre” them (p. 67), and the last two are specific to spoken (p. 24). In Classical Latin, the comparative was ex- language (p. 72). The most frequently used relative pressed synthetically with the help of some suffixes pronoun in the oriental part of the Roman Empire (–ior, –ius) (p. 26), but in Vulgar Latin analytical was qualem and its descendants can be found today in forms started to be used and Romance languages Romance languages. Among the interrogative pro- preserved the last ones “fr. – infériorité: Michel est nouns the most spread was quis (p. 72). moins grand que Georges” or “cat. superiorité: És The fifth chapter, the numeral, describes inde- més car que l’e-mail” (p. 27–28). The preference of tail the two major types of numerals: cardinal and Romance languages for analytical forms instead of ordinal which characterize all Romance languages synthetic ones (specific for Classical Latin) can be but also their source, Latin (p. 79). Regarding the encountered also in the case of superlative “port. – cardinal ones, the authors again observes several new superlatif relatif de supériorité: Este aluno é o mais aspects specific to Romanian, among which we bring estudioso do Colégio” (p. 32). into discussion only one referring to the numerals The chapter “L’article” discusses about three from 11 to 19. These are formed from elements types of articles: definite, indefinite and partitive. of Latin origin but they represent structural calques Latin language did not posses an article (p. 36), this after a Slavic model (p. 83). All the subtypes of car- began to appear in Vulgar Latin, and the forms from dinal numerals (collective, fractional, multiplicative, the Romance languages of today are descendents of distributive and adverbial) are illustrated through a the Latin demonstratives ipse, but, especially, ille great variety of examples from all Romance languages (p. 37). The great majority of Romance languages (p. 86–87). The ordinal numerals are not insisted prefers the analytical definite articulation, only in upon since are formed from the cardinal ones but, Romanian it is synthetic (p. 38). Generally, the in- again, the Romanian is individualized through the definite articles from Romance languages come from analytical structure of it (rom. al doilea, a doua vs. the Latin numerals: unus, una, unum, but also from it. secondo, cat. segon, port. segundo) (p. 85–86). other parts of discourse (p. 41). From all the Ro- Almost as vast as the one dedicated to the pro- mance languages, French uses most frequently par- noun, the chapter about the verb contains the ana- titive articles “fr. du, de la, des” (p. 42). In addition lysis of: conjugations, number and person, personal to the three types, the linguist brings into question and impersonal moods, and voices. The Latin verbs two more, specific to Romanian “l’article possessif were separated into 4 conjugations but over time ou génitif ” and “l’article démonstratif ou adjectif ” several crossings from one conjugation to another (p. 43). have taken place (p. 91–92), and in the end it came “Le pronom”, one of the two larger chapters, to 3 conjugations in the majority of Romance lan- deals with 9 types of pronoun: personal, of po- guages and 4 conjugations in Romanian (p. 93). In liteness, reflexive, demonstrative, indefinite, of re- the bulk of Romance languages, the distinction sin- A. Chircu–Buftea, Précis de morphologie romane 3 gular/plural is pertinent; the exception is French verbial suffix –ește (p. 125–126). The author con- which has homonymic forms (p. 94). In the dis- cludes that, in spite of the heterogeneity of this part cussion regarding the verbal moods and tenses, we of discourse (resulted from the diversity of forms), insist only upon: the inexistence of conditional in comparing Romance languages proves the contrary, Latin (p. 103); the “prezumtiv” mood specific to Ro- meaning a certain unity (p. 134). manian (p. 95); the existence of imperfect and past The last three chapters are not so vast and the first perfect subjunctive in the other Romance languages one of them is dedicated to prepositions which ori- and their absence from Romanian (p.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Latine Disco, Student's Manual
    HANS H. ØRBERG PER SE ILLVSTRATA LINGVAPARS I LATINE DISCO LATINASTUDENT’S MANUAL Hans H. Ørberg LINGVA LATINA PER SE ILLVSTRATA Latine Disco Student’s Manual an imprint of Hackett Publishing Company, Inc. Indianapolis/Cambridge Focus Part of the LINGVA LATINA PER SE ILLVSTRATA series For further information on the complete series and new titles, visit www.hackettpublishing.com. Lingua Latina per se illustrata Pars I Latine Disco Student’s Manual © 2001 Hans Ørberg Domus Latina, Skovvangen 7 DK-8500 Grenaa, Danimarca Distributed by Hackett Publishing Co. by agreement with Domus Latina. an imprint of Hackett Publishing Company, Inc. P.O. Box 44937 Indianapolis, Indiana 46244-0937 Focuswww.hackettpublishing.com ISBN 13: 978-1-58510-050-7 All rights are reserved. Printed in the United States of America 21 20 19 18 4 5 6 7 8 Adobe PDF ebook ISBN: 978-1-58510-533-5 CONTENTS Introduction . ............ .............. p. 3 Instructions Chapter 1 ........................................ 9 Chapter 2 .................. ........ .... .. ........ 1 1 Chapter 3 .... .. .. ............ ................... 12 Chapter 4 .. ........ .......... .... ................ 14 Chapter 5 ..... ........ ............... ............ 1 5 Chapter 6 ...... .... .......... .... ............ ... 16 Chapter 7 .. .... .... ............. ............ ..... 1 7 Chapter 8 .......................... ... ........... 1 8 Chapter 9 ...... ........ ...... ... .. ........... .... 1 9 Chapter 10 ...................................... 20 Chapter 11 ... ........ .................. ........
    [Show full text]
  • Roman Population Size: the Logic of the Debate
    Princeton/Stanford Working Papers in Classics Roman population size: the logic of the debate Version 2.0 July 2007 Walter Scheidel Stanford University Abstract: This paper provides a critical assessment of the current state of the debate about the number of Roman citizens and the size of the population of Roman Italy. Rather than trying to make a case for a particular reading of the evidence, it aims to highlight the strengths and weaknesses of rival approaches and examine the validity of existing arguments and critiques. After a brief survey of the evidence and the principal positions of modern scholarship, it focuses on a number of salient issues such as urbanization, military service, labor markets, political stability, living standards, and carrying capacity, and considers the significance of field surveys and comparative demographic evidence. © Walter Scheidel. [email protected] 1 1. Roman population size: why it matters Our ignorance of ancient population numbers is one of the biggest obstacles to our understanding of Roman history. After generations of prolific scholarship, we still do not know how many people inhabited Roman Italy and the Mediterranean at any given point in time. When I say ‘we do not know’ I do not simply mean that we lack numbers that are both precise and safely known to be accurate: that would surely be an unreasonably high standard to apply to any pre-modern society. What I mean is that even the appropriate order of magnitude remains a matter of intense dispute. This uncertainty profoundly affects modern reconstructions of Roman history in two ways. First of all, our estimates of overall Italian population number are to a large extent a direct function of our views on the size of the Roman citizenry, and inevitably shape any broader guesses concerning the demography of the Roman empire as a whole.
    [Show full text]
  • Reference Grammar & Lexicon (Incomplete)
    Bwangxùd Reference Grammar and Lexicon Andrew Ray Revised: July 6, 2018 Contents 1 Foreword ...................................................... 3 2 Overview ...................................................... 4 2.1 Dialects....................................................... 4 3 Phonology ...................................................... 5 3.1 Inventory...................................................... 5 3.2 Tones and sandhi ................................................. 5 3.3 Morphosyntax................................................... 6 3.4 Phonological processes.............................................. 6 3.5 Vowel allophony.................................................. 7 3.6 Consonant allophony............................................... 7 3.7 Dialectal variations in phonology ........................................ 8 3.7.1 Western coastal dialect............................................. 8 3.7.2 Northern interior dialect............................................ 8 3.7.3 Southern coastal dialect............................................. 8 3.7.4 Southern interior dialect............................................ 8 4 Simple morphology and syntax ......................................... 9 4.1 Word classes.................................................... 9 4.2 Word order..................................................... 9 4.3 Deniteness and surprise............................................. 9 4.4 Noun roles..................................................... 10 4.5 Proximity.....................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Names on Gallo-Roman Terra Sigillata (1St – 3Rd C
    NAMES ON GALLO-ROMAN TERRA SIGILLATA (1ST – 3RD C. A.D.) Andreas Gavrielatos Submitted in accordance with the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. The University of Leeds School of Classics October 2012 !!" " !!!" " The candidate confirms that the work submitted is his own and that appropriate credit has been given where reference has been made to the work of others. This copy has been supplied on the understanding that it is copyright material and that no quotation from the thesis may be published without proper acknowledgement. @ 2012 The University of Leeds and Andreas Gavrielatos !#" " #" " Acknowledgements All good things are prodigies of small dreams. And small dreams only come to reality when big minds believe in them. I have been very lucky in my life, for big minds have been my teachers, they have believed in me and they have supported my dreams. I would never be able to reach this stage if I were not the student of Prof. Maria Voutsinou-Kikilia and Prof. Andreas Voskos, among many others of course. And I would not have started this course, without the guidance and the encouragement of Prof. Eleni Karamalengou and Prof. Stratis Kyriakidis. It was finally, just before I left the University of Athens when I received all the help I needed from my MA supervisors Andreas Michalopoulos and especially Dionysios Benetos, who has been a very good friend since then. I will always feel gratitude when I recall the first time I met my PhD supervisor Prof. Robert Maltby, on the very first day I visited the University of Leeds.
    [Show full text]
  • Margaret Mary Th6r£Se Watmough University College London Thesis Submitted in Partial Fulfilment of the Requirements for The
    STUDIES IN THE ETRUSCAN LOANWORDS IN LATIN Margaret Mary Th6r£se Watmough University College London Thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. 1 ( LONI/INo) ProQuest Number: 10609130 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a com plete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. uest ProQuest 10609130 Published by ProQuest LLC(2017). Copyright of the Dissertation is held by the Author. All rights reserved. This work is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States C ode Microform Edition © ProQuest LLC. ProQuest LLC. 789 East Eisenhower Parkway P.O. Box 1346 Ann Arbor, Ml 48106- 1346 ABSTRACT In the political and cultural relations between archaic Rome and Etruria the Etruscans were not the speakers of a 'dominant language'. Since Rome was not under Etruscan domination nor was there any prestige associated with the Etruscan language, the conditions under which large scale lexical borrowing takes place were absent. A recent survey of the whole field is reviewed and its results are found to be uncertain or ill-supported; in it the constraints of space preclude the detailed treatment of individual words which is necessary if the nature of the influence of Etruscan on the Latin lexicon is to be fully understood. This thesis deals with some specific problems in Etrusco- Latin interaction and in the Etruscan loanwords in Latin; a small number of words is treated in detail.
    [Show full text]
  • Copyright © and Moral Rights for This Phd Thesis Are Retained by the Author And/Or Other Copyright Owners
    Iskender, Halil Ibrahim (2015) The phonology of Arabic loanwords in Turkish : the case of t-palatalisation. PhD Thesis. SOAS, University of London. http://eprints.soas.ac.uk/id/eprint/20388 Copyright © and Moral Rights for this PhD Thesis are retained by the author and/or other copyright owners. A copy can be downloaded for personal non‐commercial research or study, without prior permission or charge. This PhD Thesis cannot be reproduced or quoted extensively from without first obtaining permission in writing from the copyright holder/s. The content must not be changed in any way or sold commercially in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders. When referring to this PhD Thesis, full bibliographic details including the author, title, awarding institution and date of the PhD Thesis must be given e.g. AUTHOR (year of submission) "Full PhD Thesis title", name of the School or Department, PhD PhD Thesis, pagination. THE PHONOLOGY OF ARABIC LOANWORDS IN TURKISH: THE CASE OF T-PALATALISATION HALIL IBRAHIM ISKENDER Thesis submitted for the degree of PhD 2015 Department of Linguistics SOAS, University of London Declaration for SOAS PhD thesis I have read and understood regulation 17.9 of the Regulations for students of the SOAS, University of London concerning plagiarism. I undertake that all the material presented for examination is my own work and has not been written for me, in whole or in part, by any other person. I also undertake that any quotation or paraphrase from the published or unpublished work of another person has been duly acknowledged in the work which I present for examination.
    [Show full text]
  • UC Irvine Unicode Project
    UC Irvine Unicode Project Title Brief Guide to Greek Unicode Permalink https://escholarship.org/uc/item/99x2f5z9 Author Thesaurus Linguae Graecae Project Publication Date 2003-03-10 eScholarship.org Powered by the California Digital Library University of California TLG Beta Code Quick Reference Guide Revised: March 4, 2003 This document provides a quick reference to Beta Code and its Unicode equivalents. For a comprehensive overview of Beta Code, please see the TLG Beta Code Manual. Unicode equivalents are correct as of Unicode 4.0 (Alpha). Table of Contents: Greek Alphabet............................................................................................................................................2 Latin Alphabet.............................................................................................................................................2 Coptic Alphabet...........................................................................................................................................3 $ and & – Font Shifts...................................................................................................................................4 ^ and @ – Page Formatting ..........................................................................................................................5 { – Textual Mark-Up ...................................................................................................................................5 < – Text Formatting.....................................................................................................................................5
    [Show full text]
  • The Arabic Origins of Numeral Words in English and European Languages
    International Journal of Linguistics ISSN 1948-5425 2012, Vol. 4, No. 3 The Arabic Origins of Numeral Words in English and European Languages Zaidan Ali Jassem Department of English Language and Translation, Qassim University, P. O. Box 6611, Buraidah, KSA Tel: 966-6-385-2338 E-mail: [email protected] Received: May 31, 2012 Accepted: June 6, 2012 Published: September 1, 2012 doi:10.5296/ijl.v4i3.1876 URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/ijl.v4i3.1876 Abstract The aim of this paper is to the examine the genetic relationship between all numeral words in Arabic and English primarily as well as other European languages such as German, French, Greek, Latin and even Sanskrit secondarily. Contrary to long-held beliefs and views in Western comparative historical linguistics in which Arabic and English, for example, are classified as members of different language families, it shows how these numerals are related to and derived from one another, with Arabic being the end origin perhaps. The numeral words have the same or similar forms and meanings with slight phonetic changes as a result of normal linguistic evolution at the phonetic, morphological and lexical levels. Keywords: Numerals, Arabic, English, German, Comparative linguistics, Lexical root theory 225 www.macrothink.org/ijl International Journal of Linguistics ISSN 1948-5425 2012, Vol. 4, No. 3 1. Introduction Historical comparative linguists use numerals, especially low ones, to establish genetic relations between languages as they are part of the universal core or basic vocabulary which resists borrowing across languages (Campbell 2004: p. 126; Crowley 1997: p, 171; Pyles and Algeo 1993: pp.
    [Show full text]
  • Grammatica Latina 333 Vocabulary by Chapter 369 Latin–English Vocabulary 383 Grammatical Terms 398 Index 400 Preface
    LINGVA LATINA A Companion to Familia Romana SECOND EDITION Based on Hans Ørberg’s Latine Disco, with Vocabulary and Grammar Jeanne Marie Neumann LINGVA LATINA A Companion to Familia Romana Second Edition Based on Hans Ørberg’s Latine Disco, with Vocabulary and Grammar LINGVA LATINA A Companion to Familia Romana Second Edition based on Hans Ørberg’s Latine Disco, with Vocabulary and Grammar Jeanne Marie Neumann Davidson College an imprint of Hackett Publishing Company, Inc. Indianapolis/Cambridge Focus Dedication Jon et Conor, filiis iucundissimis medullitusque amatis. A Focus book an imprint of Hackett Publishing Company Copyright © 2016 by Hackett Publishing Company, Inc. Focus All rights reserved Printed in the United States of America 19 18 17 16 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 For further information, please address Hackett Publishing Company, Inc. P.O. Box 44937 Indianapolis, Indiana 46244-0937 www.hackettpublishing.com Cover design by Brian Rak Interior design by Elizabeth L. Wilson Composition by Integrated Composition Systems, Inc. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Names: Neumann, Jeanne Marie, author. | Oerberg, Hans H. (Hans Henning), 1920–2010. Latine disco. | Oerberg, Hans H. (Hans Henning), 1920–2010. Lingua Latina per se illustrata. Pars I, Familia Romana. Title: Lingua latina : a companion to Familia romana : based on Hans Oerberg’s Latine disco, with vocabulary and grammar / Jeanne Marie Neumann. Description: Second edition. | Indianapolis ; Cambridge : Hackett Publishing Company, Inc., 2016. | “A Focus book.” Identifiers: LCCN 2016002499 | ISBN 9781585108091 (pbk.) Subjects: LCSH: Latin language—Grammar. | Latin language—Textbooks. Classification: LCC PA2087.5 .N48 2016 | DDC 478.2421—dc23 LC record available at http://lccn.loc.gov/2016002499 Adobe PDF ebook ISBN: 978-1-58510-832-9 Contents Preface vii For the Instructor xi Familia Romana: Suggestions for the Classroom xi Lingua Latina as a Two-Semester Course xi To the Student xv I.
    [Show full text]
  • Research Article Recognition of Multi-Lingual Handwritten Numerals Using Partial Derivatives
    Research Journal of Applied Sciences, Engineering and Technology 12(1): 27-36, 2016 DOI:10.19026/rjaset.12.2300 ISSN: 2040-7459; e-ISSN: 2040-7467 © 2016 Maxwell Scientific Publication Corp. Submitted: July 2, 2015 Accepted: August 15, 2015 Published: January 05, 2016 Research Article Recognition of Multi-lingual Handwritten Numerals Using Partial Derivatives 1K.N. Saravanan and 2R. Anitha, 1Christ University, Bangalore, Karnataka, 2Muthayammal Engineering College, Rasipuram, Tamilnadu, India Abstract: The multi-font and multi-lingual handwritten numerals recognition has been a demanding requirement in this decade. This research work proposes multi-lingual handwritten numerals recognition using partial derivatives for classifying handwritten numerals of five major Indian languages. The objective of the proposed work aims at designing and developing a recognition algorithm for multilingual handwritten numerals. This objective is achieved through data collection and preprocessing which involves creation of handwritten numeral databases, data collection, round off mean aspect ratio value based representation and identification of features using partial derivatives. The features derived from partial derivatives are stored in a five dimensional column vector which yielded a recognition rate of 94.80, 95.89, 96.44, 95.81 and 92.03%, respectively for Kannada, Gurumukhi, Sindhi, Malayalam and Tamil Handwritten Numerals respectively. Keywords: Binary numeral image, feature identification, multi-lingual handwritten numeral recognition, representation,
    [Show full text]
  • Ancient Languages of Europe
    This page intentionally left blank THE ANCIENT LANGUAGES OF EUROPE This book, derived from the acclaimed Cambridge Encyclopedia of the World’s Ancient Lan- guages, describes the ancient languages of Europe, for the convenience of students and specialists working in that area. Each chapter of the work focuses on an individual language or, in some instances, a set of closely related varieties of a language. Providing a full de- scriptive presentation, each of these chapters examines the writing system(s), phonology, morphology, syntax, and lexicon of that language, and places the language within its proper linguistic and historical context. The volume brings together an international array of schol- ars, each a leading specialist in ancient language study. While designed primarily for scholars and students of linguistics, this work will prove invaluable to all whose studies take them into the realm of ancient language. Roger D. Woodard is the Andrew Van Vranken Raymond Professor of the Classics at the University of Buffalo. His chief research interests lie generally within the areas of Greek and Roman myth and religion, Indo-European culture and linguistics, the origin and develop- ment of writing among the Greeks, and the interaction between Greece and the ancient Near East. His other books include The Cambridge Companion to Greek Mythology (2007), Indo-European Sacred Space (2006), The Cambridge Encyclopedia of the World’s Ancient Languages (2004), Ovid’s Fasti (with A. J. Boyle, 2000), Greek Writing from Knossos to Homer: A Linguistic Interpretation of the Origins of the Greek Alphabet (1997), and On Interpreting Morphological Change (1990). He has also published numerous articles and served as Presi- dent of the Society for the Study of Greek and Latin Language and Linguistics from 1992 to 2001.
    [Show full text]
  • 2018 Duke Certamen Advanced Division Round 1
    2018 Duke Certamen Advanced Division Round 1 1. According to the Aeneid, where did Aeneas erect a shrine to Idalian Venus after the Trojan women burnt the ships, leading to Aeneas to settle some of the more tired Trojans there? SICILY(ALSO ACCEPT ILIUM BUT DON’T TELL THEM THIS BECAUSE IT’S BONUS 1) B1: What did Aeneas name this new city in Sicily? ILIUM/ACESTA B2: What goddess, in the guise of Beroë, had convinced the Trojan Women to set fire to the ships? IRIS 2. Listen carefully to the following passage, which you may recognize and which I will read twice, then answer IN ENGLISH the question that follows. Gallia est omnis divīsa in partēs trēs, quārum unam incolunt Belgae, aliam Aquitanī, tertiam quī ipsōrum linguā Celtae, nostrā Gallī appellantur. Hī omnēs linguā, institutīs, legibus inter sē differunt. Gallōs ab Aquitanīs Garumna flumen, ā Belgīs Matrona et Sequana dividit. Hōrum omnium fortissimi sunt Belgae, propterea quod ā cultū atque humanitāte provinciae lōngissimē absunt. In what three ways do the inhabitants of Gaul differ? LANGUAGE, CUSTOMS/INSITUTIONS , AND LAWS B1: Respondē Latīnē: quid tribūs Galliae divīdit? FLUMEN (GARUMNA) B2: Respond in English: why are the Belgae the bravest? THEY ARE FARTHEST/VERY FAR FROM THE REFINEMENT/CIVILIZATION OF THE PROVINCE 3. Dēscrībāmus nunc proprietatēs dictiōnum in hāc sententiā: ego vōs hortārī tantum possum, ut amicitiam omnibus rēbus humanīs antepōnātis. Cuius modi est “antepōnātis”? SUBIUNCTĪVĪ B2: Quō casū est “humanīs”? DATĪVŌ B2: “antepōnātis”: dīc imperfectum. ANTEPŌNERĒTIS 4. The Latin word avus denotes what type of familial relative? GRANDFATHER B1: Who in Ancient Rome was an amita? PATERNAL AUNT (PROMPT ON AUNT) B2: Who was a socer? FATHER-IN-LAW 5.
    [Show full text]