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No. 41 April 2014 STEEL CONSTRUCTION TODAY & TOMORROW

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No. 41 April 2014 STEEL CONSTRUCTION TODAY & TOMORROW No. 41 April 2014 STEEL CONSTRUCTION TODAY & TOMORROW http://www.jisf.or.jp/en/activity/sctt/index.html 【 nami】 “波 (nami)” in Japanese, or “wave” in English Issue No. 41 is a special publication for the Japanese Society of Steel Construction (JSSC). It includes a special feature on measures devised to handle huge tsunamis ( 津波 tsunami, or tidal wave). Special Issue: Japanese Society of Steel Construction Commendations for Outstanding Achievements in 2013 1 TOKYO SKYTREE 2 Closed High-rise Demolition Method 3 Shibuya Hikarie 4 Compact Section Girder Bridge Photo: Kenichi Ishii 5 Effect of Deck Plate Thickness on Fatigue Durability;Displacement Response Control Effect for Conventional Braces 6 Welded Moment Connections Strengthened by Thick Flange; Method to Predict Steel Member Volume Loss Using FEM Special Feature: Measures for Handling Giant Tsunamis 7 Steel-structure Tsunami Countermeasures Published Jointly by 9 Vertically Telescopic Breakwater 11 Flap Gate Tsunami Breakwater 13 Tsunami Evacuation Measures 14 Tsunami Evacuation Building The Japan Iron and Steel Federation 15 Building for Use as Tsunami Countermeasures 16 Structural Design Method for Tsunami Evacuation Buildings Japanese Society of Steel Construction 17 JSSC Operations Back Cover To Our Readers Commendations for Outstanding Achievements in 2013-JSSC Prize Design and Construction of TOKYO SKYTREE Prize winners: Nikken Sekkei Ltd., Obayashi Corporation, JFE Steel Corporation, Kobe Steel, Ltd., Nippon Steel & Sumitomo Metal Corporation, Komaihaltec Inc., Kawada Industries Inc., Tomoe Corporation and Nippon Steel & Sumikin Engineering Co., Ltd. TOKYO SKYTREE® is a freestanding m and higher, the tower supports the broad- Outline of TOKYO SKYTREE® broadcast tower that was constructed in casting antenna of the various broadcasting Completion: February 2012 (Sumida- Sumida-ku, Tokyo, at the request of six To- stations. ku, Tokyo) kyo broadcasting companies. The tower rises Because of the tower’s extremely slen- Project owner: Tobu Tower Skytree 634 m into the sky and is the tallest structure der configuration (with a 9.3 width-to-height Co., Ltd. and Tobu Railway Co., Ltd. of its kind in the world. ratio imposed by the restrictions of the con- Design: Nikken Sekkei Ltd. The structural concept upon which the struction site), the foundation is worked upon Construction: Obayashi Corporation tower is configured may be expressed with by large press force and tensile force caused two words: the “warping” of Japanese swords by earthquakes and high-velocity winds. To (katana) and the “camper” found in the col- treat these forces and to ensure highly reli- Ample countermeasures have been em- umns of traditional Japanese architecture. able and safe support for the tower, a continu- ployed to handle earthquake and wind. Based This concept is expressed three-dimensional- ous underground “knuckle wall” pile of steel on field surveys, such as a wind velocity ly in the tower’s complex design that begins and reinforced-concrete was adopted. In or- survey of upper-level winds using a GPS- as a regular triangle at the base and becomes der to give the tower a neatly shaped appear- mounted observation balloon and a micro- circular at a height of 300 m. ance with no gusset plates, a steel pipe truss tremor survey of the construction site, sim- In terms of the structural plan, two obser- structure was adopted for the tower section ulated wave force waveforms and site waves vatories are installed at heights of 350 m and that uses high-strength, large-section steel were prepared to verify the tower’s structur- 450 m, respectively; while at heights of 500 pipes joined by means of tubular joints. al safety. To this end, the resulting structur- al safety is higher than that of other high-rise Outline of Shimbashira Vibration-control System buildings commonly erected in Japan. As an additional measure to deal with earthquakes, the shimbashira vibration-control system (devised for the first time for this building) was developed and deployed to mitigate seis- mic forces. ￭ Movable zone Lock cylinder Damper Section of tower section Steel Fixed zone product Drawing of pile foundation (looking-up drawing) World’s tallest broadcast Section of base section tower 1 Steel Construction Today & Tomorrow April 2014 -Performance Prize Development of a Closed Demolition Method for High-rise Buildings Prize winner: Taisei Corporation High-rise buildings are mostly located in dense urban areas. In recent urban rede- velopment, rebuilding of existing high- rise buildings greater than 100 m in height has increased, thereby making the proposed methods of high-rise building demolition an important element in the promotion of urban redevelopment projects. Given this trend, Taisei Corporation de- veloped a demolition method called the “TECOREP (Taisei Ecological Reproduc- tion) System” that mitigates the adverse ef- fects of demolition work on the surrounding environment, improves safety and reduces the negative environmental impact of the de- molition work. This system has been success- fully used already in the demolition of a high- rise office building with a height of 105 m and a high-rise hotel building with a height of 140 m. A major feature of the TECOREP system is the capped enclosure that is built by effec- tively using the existing structure of the top- The 140 m-high hotel building being demolished using the TECOREP system most floors and carrying out the demolition work within the enclosed space. Specifical- tion work conducted in a closed ly, the building is demolished floor by floor space mitigates neighborhood downwards, starting from the top. The enclo- anxiety and ensures safety; it al- sure in which the target floor is demolished lows shortening of the demoli- can be safely and quickly translocated to the tion period through a reduction lower floor using hydraulic jacks installed on in the number of lost work days. temporary columns that support the capped The demolition system not on- structure. Further, the new system incorpo- ly reduces noise levels (by 20 rates power generation capabilities in the dB or more) but also prevents vertical transport system that is used to lower the dispersion of dust and soot the demolished materials etc. to the ground, (by 90% or more). Moreover, Inner view from the floor center after thereby leading to energy savings and re- in terms of securing workplace configuring the TECOREP system duced CO2 emissions. safety, the implementation of The practical applicability of the demolition work in an enclosed Inner view of the TECOREP system TECOREP system has been demonstrated by space yields many other advan- its use in the demolition of Japan’s tallest ho- tages, although they cannot be tel building with a height of 140 m. Demoli- quantified numerically. ￭ Jacking-down procedure during demolition using the TECOREP system April 2014 Steel Construction Today & Tomorrow 2 -Performance Prize Design and Construction of Shibuya Hikarie Prize winners: A Joint Venture (JV) of Nikken Sekkei Ltd. and Tokyu Architects & Engineers Inc. and a JV of Tokyu Construction and Taisei Corporation Shibuya Hikarie is positioned as one of the structures. Outline of Shibuya Hikarie leading projects of the urban redevelopment Among the major devices adopted to real- Completion: 2012 (Shibuya-ku, Tokyo) program for the area surrounding Shibuya ize such a highly reliable structural plan are Arch./Eng.: Nikken Sekkei Ltd. Station in Tokyo. It is a multipurpose high- the following: rise building with a height of about 185 m. • Because a theater with a wide, column-free Its primary objective is to create new cultures space is provided in the mid-story, the instal- and lifestyles by drawing together a multi- lation of columns that do not pass vertical- plicity of dissimilar activities, such as com- ly through the building was held to a mini- merce, recreation, culture and business. mum (four columns). A major task of the structural plan is that • The adopted plan has four columns that rise the building incorporates a theater with about from the upper theater section and are sup- 2,000 seats in the mid-story and that the de- ported by “Super-Beam” having a truss height sign offer different configurations in the of two stories. high- and low-rise sections. • On both sides of the theater, box-shaped con- In general, when different applications crete filled steel tubes (CFT) are arranged as are accommodated in a multi-layered struc- the main pillars, rising upwards through the ture, columns do not pass vertically through height of the building structure. Although the the building structure. As a result, a wide- member sections of the Super-Beam become ly adopted solution for resisting a building’s large, and as a result the bending stress work- vertical and horizontal loads is to form large ing on the columns increases, the CFT main trusses. In the current project, instead of a pillars having sufficiently high rigidity and complex-structured building in which offic- strength tolerate these stresses. es, a theater and commercial facilities are ar- • The adoption of CFTs for the interior columns ranged in a multi-layered form, a simple and reduces the shear force borne by the exterior clear structural plan was adopted to avoid columns that are subjected to additional large the structural issues associated with complex axial forces during an earthquake. ￭ Full view of Shibuya Hikarie Outline of Structural Plan Vibration-control brace (LY225) Office floor: 18th~34th stories Vibration-control brace (LY225) Super-Beam floor: 17th story Seismic-resistant brace (SN400) Longitudinal-direction Lateral-direction framing elevation (E) framing elevation (5) Legend Vibration-control brace Super-Beam Main pillar (CFT) Theater floor: 14th story Column built on Super-Beam 3 Steel Construction Today & Tomorrow April 2014 -Special Prize Continuous Steel-Concrete Composite Girder Bridge Employing Compact Sections Prize winner: East Nippon Expressway Company Limited Expressway companies in Japan have devel- concept.
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