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55: CA9300631 - CA9300664 I i ISSN 0706-1293 32nd ANNUAL CONFERENCE of the CANADIAN NUCLEAR ASSOCIATION Proceedings June 7-10,1992 Saint John, New Brunswick CANADA Published by the Canadian Nuclear Association 144 Front Street West Toronto, Ontario, CANADA M5J 2L7 FOREWORD This volume contains the Proceedings of the Technical Sessions from the 32nd Annual Conference of the Canadian Nuclear Association. As in pre- vious years, the Annual Conference of the Canadian Nuclear Society was held in conjunction with the Canadian Nuclear Association Conference. The papers for these Proceedings were prepared on standard forms sup- plied by the Canadian Nuclear Association and are generally published as submitted by the Authors. Responsibility for the content of each paper rests solely with the Author. These Proceedings are copyrighted by the Canadian Nuclear Association. Requests for further information concerning these Proceedings, permission to reprint any part of these Proceedings, or orders for copies of these Proceed- ings should be addressed to: Canadian Nuclear Association 144 Front Street West, Suite 725 Toronto, Ontario, CANADA M5J 2L7 AVANT-PROPOS Ce volume contient les actes des seances techniques de la 32'*"" Conference de P Association nucleaire canadienne. Comme dans les annees passees, la Confe- rence annuelle de la Societe nucleaire canadienne s'est tenue en mime temps que la Conference de 1'Association nucleaire canadienne. Les communications ont ete redigees selon un format standard, sur des feuilles fournies par l'Association nucleaire canadienne et sont generalement publiees telles que soumises par les auteurs. Le contenu de chaque communi- cation n'engage que la responsabilite de son auteur. Les actes de la Conference sont proteges par un droit d'auteur detenu par 1'Association nucleaire canadienne. Pour toute demande de renseignements sur ces actes, pour obtenir l'autorisation d'en reproduire une quelconque par- tie ou pour en commander un exemplaire, s'adresser a: Association nucleaire canadienne 144, rue Front Ouest, suite 725 Toronto (Ontario) CANADA M5J 2L7 m TABLE OF CONTENTS SESSION 1 - JOINT CNA-CNS PLENARY KEYNOTE ADDRESS: NUCLEAR POWER: A PLACE IN CANADA'S FUTURE? F. Kenneth Hare Universil v of Toronto SESSION 2 - THE INTERNATIONAL CANDU PROGRAM KOREA'S TEAM CANDU Chung Bo Hun Korea Eleark Power Corporation K.J. Petrunik A ECL CA NDU 15 CERNAVODA NPP - ITS PLACE IN ROMANIA'S POWER SYSTEM A. Leca RENEL K.J. Petrunik A ECL CA NDU P. Valeniini ANSALDO 33 CERNAVODA PROJECT STATUS T. Campureanu RENEL R. Boucher AECL/ANSALDO 51 EASTERN EUROPE INITIATIVES B.K. Kakaria A ECL CA NDU 75 •* 4 SESSION 3 CANADIAN USED FUEL MANAGEMENT PROGRAM UPDATE ON CANADA'S FUEL WASTE MANAGEMENT PROGRAM Colin J. Allan AECL 89 ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REVIEW OF THE CONCEPT OF DISPOSAL OF NUCLEAR FUEL WASTE IN CANADA J. McEwen Federal Environmental Assessment Review Office 10! FUTURE CONSIDERATIONS FOR STORAGE OF CANDU FUEL R.K. Nakagawa AECL CA NDU , 119 SESSION 4 - PUBLIC INFORMATION ADVOCATES PEOPLE POWER - THE PUBLICS RESPONSE TO CNA'S PRINT AND TV ADVERTISING Frangoise Guenette AECL Corporate Office 139 MOVING THE NUCLEAR NUMBERS - WHAT IS REQUIRED? Linda Dyer Baseline Research 147 (This paper is not available) A NEW BRUNSWICK EXPERIENCE WITH CITIZENS' GROUPS R.E. Tweeddale 149 POPULARIZING THE PEOPLE'S POWER ON THE PRAIRIES David A. Bock AECL 155 WASTE DISPOSAL THE ANSWER TO ACHILLES Egon R. Freeh AECL 163 17 SESSION 5 - FUEL AND ELECTRICITY SUPPLY ONTARIO'S DEMAND SUPPLY PLAN - THE GREAT DEBATE Randy Hurst Canadian Electricity Forum 173 MATCHING ELECTRICITY SUPPLY AND DEMAND W.K. Marshall New Brunswick Power Corporation E.F. Hill University of New Brunswick 181 URANIUM SUPPLY, DEMAND, PRICING B.M. Michel Cameco Corporation 191 SESSION 6 - IN WHICH DIRECTION SHOULD REACTORS ADVANCE? LESSONS FROM OPERATIONS A.R. Johnson New Brunswick Power Corporation 203 CANDU 202C R.S. Hart, J.J. Lipsett and J.T. Dunn AECL CANDU 219 ADVANCED REACTOR CHARACTERISTICS Michael W. Golay Massachusetts Institute of Technology 227 SESSION 7 - CANADIAN ADVANCED NUCLEAR RESEARCH PROGRAMS FUSION RESEARCH TODAY D.P. Jackson AECL 235 •r^TM •.'»>_.*,• ELECTRON BEAMS - A NEW TECHNOLOGY IN THE FOREST INDUSTRY A.J. Stirling AECL 241 RADIATION METHODS FOR MEDICAL DIAGNOSTICS Esam M.A. Hussein University of New Brunswick 249 SESSION 8 - INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION IN OPERATIONS EXPERIENCE IN OPERATION OF WANO George Hutcherson World Association of Nuclear Operators 257 THE CANDU OWNERS GROUP WORLDV/IDE OPERATIONS SUPPORT H.S. Irvine CANDU Owners' Group 265 THE IAEA OPERATIONS ASSISTANCE PROGRAMME E.M. Yaremy International Atomic Energy Agency 281 SESSION 9 - SAFETY IN DESIGN, OPERATION, REGULATION SAFETY PRINCIPLES IN DESIGN R.A. Brown Ontario Hydro J.Q. Howieson AECL CANDU 311 OPERATIONAL SAFETY IN A SMALL UTILITY D.F. Weeks and P.D. Thompson New Brunswick Power Corporation 337 ADVANCES IN CANADIAN REGULATORY PRACTICE J.G. Waddington A tomic Energy Control Board 351 SESSION 10 RENOVATION OF OPERATING STATIONS BRUCE NGS A REHABILITATION PROGRAM G.D. Grant Ontario Hydro 373 DARLINGTON NGS FUEL DAMAGE INVESTIGATION W.B. Stewart and R.G. Lalonde Ontario Hydro 379 STRATEGIES TO KEEP A PLANT YOUNG AT HEART R.M.Crawford New Brunswick Power Corporation 395 CNA/CNS LUNCHEON ADDRESSES REACHING THE CRITICAL MASSES The Honourable Raymond J. Frenette Chairman, New Brunswick Power Corporation; New Brunswick Government House Leader 409 POINT LEPREAU 2 AND THE NUCLEAR INDUSTRY IN NEW BRUNSWICK The Honourable Gerald S. Merrithew, PC, M.P. Federal Minister of Veteran Affairs 415 COUNTERTRADE AS A MARKETING AND FINANCING INSTRUMENT FOR EAST EUROPEAN BUSINESS Dr. Chris Kamm President, A BB Trading, Switzerland 421 r ••' v- SESSION 1 JOINT CNA-CNS PLENARY SESSION CHAIRMAN Charles K Baird .Vciv Brunswick Power Corporaiinn " > NUCLEAR POWER: A PLACE IN CANADA'S FUTURE? F. Kenneth Hare Notes for keynote address, Canadian Nuclear Association, Saint John, N.B., June 8, 1992 Mr. Chairman, Ladies & Gentlemen: I am grateful for the opportunity — and honour — of opening the technical discussions at CNA's annual bash. I shall begin with some apologies; go on to speak the truth as I see it; offer some advice — and then beat a hasty retreat westward. An opening speaker has two great blessings: he or she can be qualitative, and escape from the need to crunch and spit out numbers; and he or she can express opinions. I am making full use of both privileges. The apologies first. Through no plan of my own I have twice played the role of officially-appointed snooper into this industry's affairs. In early 1977 Alastair Gillespie, then Minister of Energy, Mines and Resources, and his Deputy, Gordon MacNabb, asked me to chair a quick (and inevitably dirty) look at nuclear waste disposal in Canada. My colleagues were the late Jim Harrison and Archie Aikin, whom you must mostly know. Our report, which went to Alastair a day early, on August 30th, 1977, was hastily prepared. But AECL and Ontario Hydro have subsequently acted so well on our advice that Canada now appears among the world's leaders in intermediate storage and final disposal technology. Then David Peterson and his Cabinet appointed me as sole Commissioner of the Ontario Nuclear Safety Review in 1986-88, in the wake of Chernobyl. Currently I serve as Chair of the Technical Advisory Panel on Nuclear Safety of Ontario Hydro (TAPNS), and as a member of the Technical Advisory Committee of AECL Research; so I'm still there, peering over the fence — not, in my case, an exclusion fence. I want to make five points about this personal record: First - I have always insisted that I act independently, with no instructions from anyone in the industry, government, or interest groups. Second - This independence has been consistently respected by the iTVj'istry representatives and public servants with v.;. m I and my colleagues have dealt, even when our findings were against what they saw as their best interests. Third - I have had freedom of access to all sites, and all documents of which I have knowledge. Fourth - I have relied on numerous consultants, not least your President, to train me, a clueless outsider, in the technical aspects of the industry. Fifth - And finally, my concern has been for the safety of the public, and of the exposed workforce of the power-producing utilities; I have had no experience at the raining and refining ends, and only a little in the research phase. When I began these studies I was sceptical as to the safety of nuclear technology. As far as power-production was concerned, I thought that the trouble lay partly up front, in the mine tailings problems, and as regards the safety of underground miners; and partly at the back-end, in the disposal of spent fuel, or of high level processing wastes. I distinctly remember telling my students that waste-disposal was the Achilles Heel of the nuclear industry. I gave little thought to reactor safety. But fifteen years of exposure, in which I have been given unrivalled access to the industry's inner workings, have changed my view. I now see waste disposal as a straightforward task needing technical care and foresight, but not presenting insuperable difficulties. The AECL-Ontario Hydro proposals being subjected to federal environment assessment (under the eye of my friend Blair Seaborn) will protect this and subsequent generations against any credible hazard. Much of the public comment in this area is science fiction. On the other hand, I may have underestimated the problem of reactor safety. It was operational reactor failure that led to the accidents at Sellafield (then called Windscale, and not a power reactor), Three Mile Island and Chernobyl. We have not been immune in Canada; the NRX and NRU events at Chalk River remind us of that.

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