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The Pseudojapanese in "Young Poland" Art
Originalveröffentlichung in: Artibus et Historiae 11 (1985), S. 137-146 TERESA GRZYBKOWSKA The Pseudojapanese in "Young Poland" Art Japanese art was for the first time presented outside Japan other cultures were considered as subordinated and secon in 1862 at the London World Exhibition, and then in Vienna dary 2. «The Oriental World » in the 19th century European in 1873 and Paris in 1878 with the cooperation of an mind was entirely a romantic and passionate dream woven outstanding connoisseur, Wakai1. To European artists it was of poetry, literature, and art, from the writings of Byron, a true revelation owing to its simplicity, frankness, and close Flaubert, Nerval, and Lamartine, and from the paintings of contact with everyday life, but also to certain subtle features Delacroix, Gerome, and Ingres. The Orient was associated which were not easily comprehensible. In any case, it gave a above all with Morocco, Algeria, Egypt, and Turkey, but also strong impulse to sweep out of the European house stale with Persia and India, as lands promising fabulous riches, academicism, historical motifs, or pretentious fables concern unlimited luxury, forbidden eroticism, and hazardous adven ing the East. tures. Such an imaginary Orient offered satiation of those Admiration and imitation of Japanese culture and art, desires which were stifled byChristian morality, and it also Nipponism, was born in Western Europe and was entirely a constituted a sphere of liberty mainly appreciated by artists product of Western thought. Primarily it was based upon and their hangers-on, who lacked creative talents but were tourists, not very numerous in that period, returning from these wealthy enough to make an art of life itself. -
Stanislaw Brzozowski and the Migration of Ideas
Jens Herlth, Edward M. Świderski (eds.) Stanisław Brzozowski and the Migration of Ideas Lettre Jens Herlth, Edward M. Świderski (eds.) with assistance by Dorota Kozicka Stanisław Brzozowski and the Migration of Ideas Transnational Perspectives on the Intellectual Field in Twentieth-Century Poland and Beyond This volume is one of the outcomes of the research project »Standing in the Light of His Thought: Stanisław Brzozowski and Polish Intellectual Life in the 20th and 21st Centuries« funded by the Swiss National Science Foundation (project no. 146687). The publication of this book was made possible thanks to the generous support of the »Institut Littéraire Kultura«. Bibliographic information published by the Deutsche Nationalbibliothek The Deutsche Nationalbibliothek lists this publication in the Deutsche Na- tionalbibliografie; detailed bibliographic data are available in the Internet at http://dnb.d-nb.de This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommer- cial-NoDerivatives 4.0 (BY-NC-ND) which means that the text may be used for non-commercial purposes, provided credit is given to the author. For details go to http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ To create an adaptation, translation, or derivative of the original work and for com- mercial use, further permission is required and can be obtained by contacting [email protected] Creative Commons license terms for re-use do not apply to any content (such as graphs, figures, photos, excerpts, etc.) not original to the Open Access publication and further permission may be required from the rights holder. The obligation to research and clear permission lies solely with the party re-using the material. -
Polish Mobilities and the Re-Making of Self, Family and Community
Polish Mobilities and the Re-making of Self, Family and Community Katherine Botterill A thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the School of Geography, Politics and Sociology at Newcastle University February 2012 ABSTRACT The thesis explores the social and spatial mobilities of young Polish people and the ways in which the self, the family and the community are being re-made through mobility in an enlarged European Union. The research is based on an empirical study with post-accession current and return migrants in Edinburgh, Kraków and Katowice. It explores young people‘s perceptions and experiences of mobility in three key areas: the personal histories of mobility; the practice of mobility; and the relations of mobility. The thesis argues that social and spatial mobility are differentially and relationally experienced by young Polish people. Furthermore, through a critical engagement with theories of mobility and modernity it is argued that collective social forms (family and community) are being re-configured through mobility. Conceptually, the research is positioned within the inter-disciplinary study of mobilities, which assert the centrality of movement in contemporary social life (Urry and Sheller, 2006). Drawing on empirical evidence, the thesis provides an intimate reading of the personal transformations of mobility for young Polish migrants and offers micro-level analysis of theories of migration, mobility and modernity. As such it responds to calls for empirically grounded studies on mobilities (Cresswell, 2006; McDowell, 2006) and reflexivity (Atkinson, 2010), and contributes to a growing area of research post- accession Polish migration and mobility (Burrell, 2009). i Acknowledgements Firstly, I would like to express my thanks and gratitude to my supervisory team – Professors Alastair Bonnett, Alison Stenning, Jane Pollard and Nina Laurie. -
Krasiński, Zygmunt
467 Koresh, David 468 View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Jagiellonian Univeristy Repository Krasin´ski, Zygmunt Napoleon Stanisław Adam Feliks Zygmunt Krasiń- ski, more commonly known as Zygmunt Krasiński (1812–1859), was one of the Three Bards of Poland, the nation’s greatest national poets or wieszczowie (poet-prophets) of the Romantic period – the other two being Adam Mickiewicz and Juliusz Słowacki. Some speak of Poland’s Four Bards, adding Cyprian Norwid to the list; notably, all four were Roman Catholics. The Bible exerted a profound influence upon his literary art throughout his career as a writer. Krasiński was born and died in Paris. His father, Wincenty Krasiński (1782–1858), was a general in Napoleon’s army, and his mother, Maria Urszula Radziwiłł (Radziwiłłówna), was a Polish princess. Zygmunt Krasiński, in addition to being a poet, was an aristocrat, philosopher, dramatist, novelist, pro- lific epistolist, and the first Ordinate in the largest land estate in Opinogóra, near Ciechanów. He debuted as a writer in 1828, publishing ma- cabre gothic novels. He showed in this work the constant, characteristic elements of his writing, so his obsessions over the suffering and massacre of Encyclopedia of the Bible and Its Reception vol. 15 Bereitgestellt von | De Gruyter / TCS © Walter de Gruyter, Berlin/Boston, 2017 Angemeldet Heruntergeladen am | 01.09.17 09:18 469 Krasin´ski, Zygmunt 470 Polish civilians (e.g., by the Russian army at the presents as a sin, from a NT, Christian, ethical view- time of Kościuszko’s Insurrection), the interior tur- point, the vengeance taken by the main hero on the moil of the Romantic national struggle for Poland’s enemy (ancient Rome). -
Cultural Life in Independent Poland 1. Introduction 1. Difference Between
- 1 - Cultural Life in Independent Poland 1. Introduction 1. Difference between the atmosphere of the twenties and the thirties. The joy, even euphoria, that followed the recovery of independence in 1918 was faithfully noted by literature. Around 1930, the tone changed. The economic crisis, the violation of the constitution by the military junta, the emergence of fascist groupings on the Right, propagating antisemitism and announcing ‘a night of long knives’ for ‘Jews and intellectuals,’ converged with Hitler’s grab for power in neighbouring Germany. Marxist publications began to attract writers, although few felt able to place their trust in Stalin. The Communist Party of Poland, considered a foreign agent and, thus, illegal, was given a low rating in Moscow because of its efforts to adapt itself to specific local conditions; its leaders were called to Moscow in 1938 and executed by order of Stalin, while the party itself was disbanded under the pretext that it was infested with traitors. In intellectual circles a feeling of impotence and presentiments of an imminent European catastrophe prevailed. It is no wonder, then, that the literature of the thirties was marked by apocalyptic or humorously macabre visions. 2. Conditions for cultural life now very different. 3. Richness of interwar cultural life. 2. Poetry 1. Skamander - 2 - The dominant literary clique in Poland in the optimistic years of the 1920s, as distinct from the 1930s when the mood in the country became much gloomier and more apocalyptic was known as the the Skamander group. As the first generation of writers to come to maturity in an independent Poland, they were eager to throw off the heavy burden of commitment to the Polish cause which had weighed down literature in the nineteenth century. -
'Path Dependence': How Geopolitics and Culture Shape Divisions In
polish 4()’ 188 14 sociological review ISSN 1231 – 1413 WITOLD MORAWSKI Kozminski University ‘Path Dependence’: How Geopolitics and Culture Shape Divisions in Poland after the Fall of Communism Abstract: I examine two long-wave processes, geopolitics and culture, which I consider to be the main causes for the fall of communism and the beginning of the transformation. As a result of the geopolitical situation—in the shape of communism’s multidimensional defeat by capitalism—the national culture was able to help society use the new geopolitical context successfully. I distinguish two sequences of cause and effect: The geopolitical one, in which the sequence begins with geopolitics treated as an independent variable and an element shaping all systems, which are treated as dependent variables, i.e., communism loses to capitalism downfall of the state, for instance, the ‘Round Table’ downfall of the central, planned economy (economic reform) ‘S’ as organized rebellion the Western model; and the cultural sequence, which begins from culture treated as an independent variable and a factor shaping all systems, which are treated as dependent variables, i.e., community based on national, religious, traditional, and solidarity values ‘us’ against ‘them’ industrial workers and the Church hierarchy supporting gradual change the ruined work environment and civil society Christian Europe and Poland’s mission in East Central Europe. I do not absolutize either geopolitical or cultural explanations (these are tools). I am closest to a configuration approach, in which attention is concentrated on all the factors that could contribute with ‘equal strength’ to forming a ’virtuous circle’. It is a relational approach, neither determinist nor constructivist (voluntarist). -
A Journey Through Polish Literature
A JOURNEY THROUGH POLISH LITERATURE European Literature 09 OCTOBRE 2013 GORA BERNADETTE Henryk Sienkiewicz (1905), Władysław Reymont (1924), Czesław Miłosz (1980), Wisława Szymborska (1996). How many of you know these four authors and know what they have in common, besides their nationalities? The four of them were awarded a Nobel Prize but nevertheless remain little known outside of Poland. How many of you can give the name of, at least, one polish contemporary author? These examples, among many others, prove that Polish literature remains unknown despite it being a big part of European literature. To start my presentation, I’d like you to have a look on this quotation by Czesław Miłosz who wrote, among other, a book about the History of Polish Literature (The History of Polish Literature, Berckeley,1969). In his work, he wrote “Polish literature focused more on drama and the poetic expression of the self than on fiction (which dominated the English-speaking world). The reasons find their roots on the historical circumstances of the nation.” Over a first phase, it thus seems important to start out with a broad overview of the general history of Polish literature throughout the ages before we can understand what happened during the 20th century, and fully understand the main references to the previous time periods which we can find today. In Polish literature, historical problems have always been an essential characteristic. One can notice that Polish literature has always been torn between its social duties and literary obligations. With this in mind, it is possible for me to offer you the promised journey through my national literature. -
A N N Otated B Ook S R Eceived
A n n otated B ook s R eceived A SUPPLEMENT TO Tran slation R ev iew Volume 23, No. 1–2, 2018 THE UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS AT DALLAS CONTRIBUTORS Linda Snow Stephanie Tamayo Shelby Vincent All correspondence and inquiries should be directed to: Translation Review The University of Texas at Dallas 800 West Campbell Road, JO 51 Richardson, TX 75080-3021 Telephone: 972-883-2093 Fax: 972-883-6303 [email protected] Annota ted B ooks R eceived is a supplement of T ra nsla tion Review, a publication of The Center for Translation Studies at The University of Texas at Dallas. ISSN 0737-4836 Copyright © 2018 by The University of Texas at Dallas The University of Texas at Dallas is an equal opportunity /affirmative action employer. Annotated Books Received — vol. 23.1–2 ANNOTATED BOOKS RECEIVED 23.1 – 2 TABLE OF CONTENTS Albanian ............................................................................................................. 1 Arabic .................................................................................................................. 1 Arabic, French, and Dutch …………………………………………………………… 3 Arabic and Persian …………………………………………………………………… 3 Bulgarian……………………………………………………………………..……...… 4 Catalan………………………………………………………………...……………..… 4 Chinese ................................................................................................................. 5 Croatian ................................................................................................................ 6 Czech………………………………………………………………………………..…… 8 Danish………………………………………………………………………………….… -
Kazimiera Zawistowska’S Poetry, Young Poland, and Female Decadence
INTERDISCIPLINARY JOURNAL OF DECADENCE STUDIES Volume 2, Issue 1 Spring 2019 Herodias’ Story, Herstory – Kazimiera Zawistowska’s Poetry, Young Poland, and Female Decadence Heide Liedke ISSN: 2515-0073 Date of Acceptance: 30 May 2019 Date of Publication: 21 June 2019 Citation: Heide Liedke, ‘Herodias’ Story, Herstory – Kazimiera Zawistowska’s Poetry, Young Poland, and Female Decadence’,Volupté: Interdisciplinary Journal of Decadence Studies, 2.1 (2019), 39-56. volupte.gold.ac.uk This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution- ShareAlike 4.0 International License. Herodias’ Story, Herstory – Kazimiera Zawistowska’s Poetry, Young Poland, and Female Decadence Heidi Liedke Queen Mary, University of London The contradictory currents that shaped Europe at the turn of the century were reflected in the literary production of the time. The Polish literature of the fin de siècle is an especially interesting case in point: Poland, which had disappeared from the map of Europe completely for 123 years (from 1795 to 1918), was partitioned at that time and its own literary past was blended with cultural influences from Habsburg Austria, the Kingdom of Prussia, and the Russian Empire. As a consequence, a distinctly new Polish literature emerged, one that captured the essence of cosmopolitanism.1 Maria Podraza-Kwiatkowska refers to the literature produced between 1890- 1918 as ‘Młoda Polska’ [Young Poland] and chooses this term because of its neutrality that nevertheless captures the divergent tendencies within it, spanning Symbolism and Expressionism. In contrast to other scholars, Podraza-Kwiatkowska dismisses the terms ‘Decadence’ and ‘Modernism’ because they encompass broader phenomena than literature.2 These dynamics of blending were in tension with the lived realities of all Poles. -
Krasiński, Zygmunt
467 Koresh, David 468 Krasin´ski, Zygmunt Napoleon Stanisław Adam Feliks Zygmunt Krasiń- ski, more commonly known as Zygmunt Krasiński (1812–1859), was one of the Three Bards of Poland, the nation’s greatest national poets or wieszczowie (poet-prophets) of the Romantic period – the other two being Adam Mickiewicz and Juliusz Słowacki. Some speak of Poland’s Four Bards, adding Cyprian Norwid to the list; notably, all four were Roman Catholics. The Bible exerted a profound influence upon his literary art throughout his career as a writer. Krasiński was born and died in Paris. His father, Wincenty Krasiński (1782–1858), was a general in Napoleon’s army, and his mother, Maria Urszula Radziwiłł (Radziwiłłówna), was a Polish princess. Zygmunt Krasiński, in addition to being a poet, was an aristocrat, philosopher, dramatist, novelist, pro- lific epistolist, and the first Ordinate in the largest land estate in Opinogóra, near Ciechanów. He debuted as a writer in 1828, publishing ma- cabre gothic novels. He showed in this work the constant, characteristic elements of his writing, so his obsessions over the suffering and massacre of Encyclopedia of the Bible and Its Reception vol. 15 Bereitgestellt von | De Gruyter / TCS © Walter de Gruyter, Berlin/Boston, 2017 Angemeldet Heruntergeladen am | 01.09.17 09:18 469 Krasin´ski, Zygmunt 470 Polish civilians (e.g., by the Russian army at the presents as a sin, from a NT, Christian, ethical view- time of Kościuszko’s Insurrection), the interior tur- point, the vengeance taken by the main hero on the moil of the Romantic national struggle for Poland’s enemy (ancient Rome). -
Table of Contents
TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction 1 The Wall of century ago: Georg Brandes’ travelling in Poland 9 Against legends and myths. Stanisław Brzozowski and his psychoanalysis of the Polish soul 39 Construction of the Self in Polish culture – a neglected context of Polish Modernism 59 Czesław Miłosz and his ambiguous Modernity 73 Catching up with Witold Gombrowicz: between Modernity and Post-Modernity 115 Freedom from… or freedom to…? On the idea of freedom in the writings of Witold Gombrowicz 139 Conclusions. The Polish intelligentsia and Modernity: the search for new paradigms 169 Introduction In the long history of Polish culture, periods of openness toward Europe frequently intertwined with times of xenophobia and inwardness. Streams of ideas, values, philosophical thoughts and aesthetic trends ran constantly from France, Italy, German)' and England, leaving traces on Polish architecture, art, economy, politics, literature and philosophy. Sometimes the stream ran back to Europe, or even to the East — (Russia, Ukraine, Lithuania) -bringing Polish ideas, original Polish strands, reflections, symbols and images to other Europeans. During the past two centuries the cultural communication between Poland and Western Europe was affected by the ideas of Modernity. In different waves, the ideas produced by the Enlightenment and Romanticism, by Positivism, by Modernism and Avant-garde influenced Polish mentality and lifestyle, changed the Poles' aesthetic taste, and altered their conception of democracy, politics and the economy. There was a chain of Westernizers in Polish culture, philosophy and politics; a string of modernizers who worked for the idea of the modern Poland; who attempted to graft new values onto the Polish mentality. -
Romantic Poetry 1 Romantic Poetry
Romantic poetry 1 Romantic poetry Romanticism, a philosophical, literary, artistic and cultural era[1] which began in the mid/late-18th century[2] as a reaction against the prevailing Enlightenment ideals of the day (Romantics favored more natural, emotional and personal artistic themes),[3][4] also influenced poetry. Inevitably, the characterization of a broad range of contemporaneous poets and poetry under the single unifying name can be viewed more as an exercise in historical The Funeral of Shelley by Louis Edouard Fournier (1889); the group members, from left compartmentalization than an attempt to right, are Trelawny, Hunt and Byron to capture the essence of the actual ‘movement’.[citation needed] Poets such as William Wordsworth were actively engaged in trying to create a new kind of poetry that emphasized intuition over reason and the pastoral over the urban, often eschewing consciously poetic language in an effort to use more colloquial language. Wordsworth himself in the Preface to his and Coleridge's Lyrical Ballads defined good poetry as “the spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings,” though in the same sentence he goes on to clarify this statement by In Western cultural context romanticism substantially contibuted to the idea asserting that nonetheless any poem of of "how a real poet should look like". An idealized statue of a Czech poet value must still be composed by a man Karel Hynek Mácha (in Petřín Park, Prague) repesents him as a slim, tender “possessed of more than usual organic and perhaps unhealthy boy. However, anthropological examination proved sensibility [who has] also thought long that he was a man of a strong, robust and muscular body constitution.