DOCSLIB.ORG

Nigeria Africa Research

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Nigeria Africa Research Economics and strategy Country report Nigeria Africa research 17 April 2008 Samir Gadio +44 (0)20 7367 7941 [email protected] Richard Segal +44 (0)20 7367 7908 [email protected] Matthew Pearson Nigeria +44 (0)20 7367 7734 [email protected] On the eve of a breakthrough Nigeria is Sub-Saharan Africa’s most populated country with approximately 154mn inhabitants, making it home to one in five Africans, and Sub-Sahara Africa’s second-largest economy after South Africa. Nascent democratic institutions have been consolidated by the holding of three general elections since 1999, which while at times controversial, have ultimately been endorsed by the international community, and survived legal challenges by opposition politicians. At the same time, the overturning of numerous election results provides evidence that electoral bodies are sufficiently independent and authoritative. President Yar’Adua’s election to the presidency in Apr 2007, which was validated by the judiciary earlier this year, is increasingly perceived as an important step forward in boosting governance and accountability standards in Nigeria. Furthermore, the anti-corruption crusade undertaken by the head of state is starting to bear positive results and signals that the era of impunity is over, notably for senior government officials. We expect GDP to expand by as much as 9.1% in 2008, following growth of 6.3% in 2007. This was higher than expected given that the Yar’Adua Administration took time to settle in after the April elections, and civil strife in the Niger Delta region caused oil-output disruptions. A political settlement of the Niger Delta crisis, the cost of which is estimated at about $60bn since the early 2000s, will be crucial to boosting development in the short and medium term. Nigeria continues to generate healthy current account and budget surpluses, as reflected in the rise in foreign reserves to $60bn and the accumulation of funds into an Excess Crude Account (ECA), currently estimated at $13bn. Foreign reserves could reach $80-85bn by year end, should oil prices remain close or above $100 per barrel. Given these dynamics, it is not surprising that the naira has continued to strengthen. A landmark debt buyback from the Paris Club in 2005 followed by a deal with the London Club in 2006 resulted in sovereign external debt falling from $35.9bn in 2004 to $3.5bn this year. The improvement in Nigeria’s economic fundamentals has been followed by a crowding-in of foreign direct investment. However, this has not yet translated into an improvement in the level of infrastructural development, even in the oil sector. Nigeria requires vast amounts of capital to upgrade its infrastructure and to raise the potential level of growth, as well as to eliminate bottlenecks and improve the quality of life. Infrastructure spending needs are significant across the board and managing this process will be a major challenge for bureaucrats in a country without a track record in this area. On the upside, the pledge by the Bureau for Public Enterprises to speed up the privatisation of power stations, electricity, distribution and marketing companies, oil and gas pipelines, as well as airport facilities, is a step in the right direction. Taken altogether, these structural changes could transform Nigeria into a key geopolitical player in the region, with a GDP being just shy of $300bn by 2010, up from $166bn in 2007, thereby implying an almost doubling of national income over three years. Important disclosures are found at the Disclosures appendix. This research material is released by Renaissance Securities (Cyprus) Limited. Regulated by the Cyprus Securities & Exchange Commission (License No: KEPEY 053/04). 17 April 2008 Nigeria Renaissance Capital Contents Contents 2 Nigeria 3 Country overview 4 Nigeria: An example of Africa’s renaissance 4 Political overview 6 Political background 6 Recent political developments 10 Tackling corruption: President Yar’Adua’s top agenda 11 Political governance and accountability standards are nonetheless improving 12 Niger Delta crisis: the costs come to the fore 13 The real economy 15 Economic growth and output 15 Economic assumptions 17 The external sector 21 Foreign direct investment 23 External debt 24 Foreign reserves 25 Monetary policy and exchange rates 26 Inflation dynamics 26 Domestic credit 27 Interest rates 28 Fiscal policy 30 Exchange rate 30 Further thoughts on the Naira redenomination 31 The emergence of pension funds: a sign of financial deepening 31 Fiscal consolidation 32 The crude oil benchmark and Excess Crude Account (ECA) 33 Tax base bias 33 Controversy over the 2008 budget 34 Concluding remarks 35 The gallery 36 Economic indicators 40 Disclosures appendix 41 2 Renaissance Capital Nigeria 17 April 2008 Nigeria Figure 1: Map of Nigeria CHAD NIGER Sokoto Lake Chad SOKOTO Katsina KATSINA Birnin BORNO N'Djamena Kebbi Gusau JIGAWA YOBE ZAMFARA Kano Maiduguri Dutse Damaturu KANO KEBBI Zaria Kainj KADUNA Reservoir BAUCHI BENIN Kaduna Bauchi GOMBE Gombe NIGER Jos Minna ADAMAWA PLATEAU CHAD KWARA Abuja Jalingo Yola ABUJA CAPITAL TERRITORY NASSARAWA OYO Ilorin Lafia Ogbomosho TARABA Lokaja EKITI Oshogbo KOGI Makurdi Ibadan Ife Ado-Ekiti OSUN Akure BENUE Abeokuta ONDO OGUN Ikeja EDO ENUGU LAGOS Benin City Enugu Abakaliki Porto- Novo Asaba Awka EBONY Bight of Benin CROSS C.A.R. IMO ABIA RIVERS DELTA Owerri Umuahia CAMEROON Aba RIVERS Uyo Calabar Gulf of Guinea Yenagoa Port AKWA BAYELSA Harcourt IBOM Bight of Biafra Source: UN, Renaissance Capital Figure 2: Country snapshot Capital: Abuja (population 2.5mn) Population (2007): 154mn Currency: Naira (code NGN); NGN/$: 117 Year-end NGN/$ forecast: 111.5 Three-month Treasury Bill rate and long bond yield: 8.3% & 11.03% (10-year) Sovereign ratings: Moody’s Baa3/ Stable; S&P BB-/ Stable; Fitch BB-/ Stable Size of GDP (2007): $166.4bn GDP per capita, in $: $1,083 (2007) Real GDP growth (2007): 6.3% Five-year trailing real GDP growth (2003-2007): 6.7% pa CPI inflation (2007): 5.4% Five-year trailing CPI inflation (2003-2007): 12.1% pa Current account balance/GDP (2007): +0.7% Fiscal balance/GDP (2007): +0.9% International Reserves (Mar 2008): $60bn External debt to GDP (2007): 3%/GDP Source: IMF, OECD, S&P, Moody’s, Fitch, Consensus Economics, Official sources, Renaissance Capital estimates 3 17 April 2008 Nigeria Renaissance Capital Country overview Nigeria: An example of Africa’s renaissance Nigeria is Africa’s largest country, with a population of approximately 154mn, making it home to one in five Africans. Macroeconomic stability has been underpinned by a long period of relative democratic rule (including consecutive presidential elections, held on schedule, in 1999, 2003 and 2007) and a surge in the value of oil exports. This is best reflected in a more than doubling of per capita income in dollar terms in the last five years to about $1,083 last year. Stronger fiscal policy and better management of oil revenues facilitated a landmark debt buyback from the Paris Club in 2005. A year later, the government repurchased most of its remaining Brady bonds, although a tender for the related oil warrants proved only modestly successful, largely for technical reasons. The net result has been a fall in foreign public debt from $35.9bn in 2004 to $3.4bn now. We expect GDP to expand as much as 9.1% in 2008, following growth of 6.3% in 2007. This was higher than expected given that the Yar’Adua administration took time to settle in after the April elections, and civil strife in the Niger Delta region caused oil- output disruptions. Even so, Nigeria continues to generate healthy current account and budget surpluses, as reflected in the rise in foreign reserves to $60bn and the accumulation of funds into an Excess Crude Account (ECA), currently estimated at $13bn. Given these financial surpluses, it is not surprising that the naira has continued to strengthen. This may help to contain inflationary pressures this year, driven by oil- related inflows and remittances from the Nigerian émigré communities. Nonetheless, inflation is projected to rise to 8.6% in 2008, from a recent historical low of 5.4% in 2007, reflecting buoyancy in agricultural output. This would still be well below the 17.8% and 8.3% outcomes of 2005 and 2006, respectively. The improvement in Nigeria’s economic fundamentals has been followed by a crowding in of direct investment ($5.8bn in 2006), and we expect the level of FDI to rise further driven by opportunities in infrastructural and credit-constrained sectors as well as planned privatisations. These developments have been acknowledged by two of the main international credit-rating agencies, S&P and Fitch, which rate the country BB-. The ratings were seen as controversially high when they were initially published, but over time Nigeria’s creditworthiness has only improved. Ratings reviews are currently ongoing and the results of these consultations will be published some time during April. Figure 3: Ratings comparison Fitch Moody's S&P Botswana Not rated Aa3 Stable A Stable Gabon BB- Stable N/R BB- Stable Ghana B+ Stable N/R B+ Stable Kenya B+ Negative N/R B Stable Malawi B- Stable N/R N/R Nigeria BB- Stable N/R BB- Stable South Africa BBB+ Stable Baa2 Stable BBB+ Stable Uganda B Stable N/R N/R Source: Fitch, Moody’s, S&P Along with a resolution of the prolonged Niger Delta conflict, which has cost as much as $60bn since the early 2000s, enhancement of the physical infrastructure – poor 4 Renaissance Capital Nigeria 17 April 2008 even by Sub-Saharan standards – are the high-priority political issues for the new government. It will take time before the ECA proceeds and banks’ expanded balance sheets result in incremental financing for Nigeria’s power and general infrastructure.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Nigeria's Nascent Democracy
    An International Multi-Disciplinary Journal, Ethiopia Vol. 5 (2), Serial No. 19, April, 2011 ISSN 1994-9057 (Print) ISSN 2070-0083 (Online) Nigeria’s Nascent Democracy and ‘WAR’ Against Corruption: A Rear View Mirror (56-71) Ojo, Emmanuel O. - University of Ilorin, P.M.B. 1515, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria E-mail: [email protected] Cell: +2348033822383; 07057807714 Home: 022-008330 Abstract One of the problems facing the nascent democracy in Nigeria which is more pressing than economic development is the high rate of brazen corruption in virtually all facets of the polity’s national life. Thus, the thrust of this paper is a review of the recent ‘WAR’ against corruption in Nigeria. The paper surveys a number of manifestations of corruption in the body politik and the country’s woes. The paper however infers that unless the institutional mechanisms put in place are rejuvenated coupled with political will on the part of the political actors, the so-called war may be a mirage after all. Key words: Corruption, Kleptocracy, Constitutionalism, Integrity, Poverty. Introduction Most of us came into the National Assembly with very high expectations...when we go around campaigning and asking for votes, we don’t get these votes free. You spend some money. Most of us even sold houses. You come in through legitimate means but you can’t recoup what you spent (The News , April 4, 2005:50). Copyright © IAARR 2011: www.afrrevjo.com 56 Indexed African Journals Online: www.ajol.info Vol. 5 (2), Serial No. 19, April, 2011. Pp. 56-71 The above quotation by a one time Senate President – Adolphus Wabara – betrayed what psychologists would call a Freudian slip.
    [Show full text]
  • Federal Republic of Nigeria .Official Gazette
    Extraordinary Federal Republic of Nigeria .Official Gazette No. 40 Lagos - 3rd May, 2011 Vol. 98 J Government Notice No. 126 The followingis published as Supplement to this Gazette: S.I No. Short Title Page 13 National Environmental (DesertificationControl and Drought Mitigation ) Regulations, 2011 .. B399 -417 Printed and Published by The Federal GovernmentPrinter, Abuja, Nigeria FGP72/7201 l/400(OL 35) Annual subscription from 1st January, 2011 is Local: N 15,000.00 Overseas: N 21,500.00 (Surface Mail] N24.500.00 [Second Class Air Mail). Present issue Nl,500.00 per copy. Subscriberswho wish to obtain Gazetteafter 1st Januaryshould apply to the Federal Government Printer, Lagos for amended Subscriptions. B399 NATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL (DESERTIFICATION CONTROL AND DROUGHT MITIGATION) REGULATIONS, 2011 ARRANGEMENT OF REGULA TI ONS REGULATION: PART I-GENERAL PROVISIONS ON DESERTIFICATION CONTROL 1. Application. 2. Objectives. 3. Principles. PART II -REGULATI ONS ON DESERTIFICATION CONTROL 4. Duties of the Agency. 5. The Role of States and Local Governments. 'i 6. Declaration of Specially ProtectedAreas. 7. DesertificationControl Guidelines. 8. Permit. 9. Implied Covenants. 10. Duties of Land Owners and Users. PART III - GENERAL PROVISIONS ON DROUGHT MITIGATION 11. Application. 12. Objectives. 13. Principles. PART IV -REGULATIONS ON DROUGHT MITIGATION 14. Duties of the Agency. 15. Duties of Relevant Line Ministries, Departments and Agencies. 16. Duties of the State Enforcement Team. 17. Duties of the Local Government EnforcementTeam. 18. Drought Mitigation Guidelines. 19. Health and Nutrition. / 20. Prevention of Wildfire. PART V - GENERAL 21. Offence and Penalties. 22. Interpretations. 23. Citation. B400 PART VJ - SCHEDULES Schedule - I List of Frontline States/Desertification Prone Areas in Nigeria.
    [Show full text]
  • First Election Security Threat Assessment
    SECURITY THREAT ASSESSMENT: TOWARDS 2015 ELECTIONS January – June 2013 edition With Support from the MacArthur Foundation Table of Contents I. Executive Summary II. Security Threat Assessment for North Central III. Security Threat Assessment for North East IV. Security Threat Assessment for North West V. Security Threat Assessment for South East VI. Security Threat Assessment for South South VII. Security Threat Assessment for South West Executive Summary Political Context The merger between the Action Congress of Nigeria (ACN), Congress for Progressive Change (CPC), All Nigerian Peoples Party (ANPP) and other smaller parties, has provided an opportunity for opposition parties to align and challenge the dominance of the Peoples Democratic Party (PDP). This however will also provide the backdrop for a keenly contested election in 2015. The zoning arrangement for the presidency is also a key issue that will define the face of the 2015 elections and possible security consequences. Across the six geopolitical zones, other factors will define the elections. These include the persisting state of insecurity from the insurgency and activities of militants and vigilante groups, the high stakes of election as a result of the availability of derivation revenues, the ethnic heterogeneity that makes elite consensus more difficult to attain, as well as the difficult environmental terrain that makes policing of elections a herculean task. Preparations for the Elections The political temperature across the country is heating up in preparation for the 2015 elections. While some state governors are up for re-election, most others are serving out their second terms. The implication is that most of the states are open for grab by either of the major parties and will therefore make the electoral contest fiercer in 2015 both within the political parties and in the general election.
    [Show full text]
  • ANTI-CORRUPTION Ppolicies in NIGERIA
    DISCUSSION PAPER Anti-Corruption was the declared number one policy aim of the Olusegun Obasanjo administration. The success of this policy was, however, for various reasons not too impressive. Obasanjo's successor, President Umaru Yar'Adua came to power promising to reform and continue the anti-corruption policy. But while the anti-graft agencies continued to arrest and arraign more individuals, including highly placed officials, for corruption, the general public expressed the view that the fight against corruption became increasingly inefficient under Yar'Adua. This paper shows that the positive measures taken by the Yar'Adua government were overshadowed by other observed lapses. The first one has been that the government was patronizing some ex-public officials accused of corruption by the EFCC, especially former governors, who played key roles in his election. Secondly, Yar'Adua also presided over the purge and persecution of popular anti- corruption crusaders, especially Nuhu Rubadu, the former chairman of the EFCC. Thirdly, President Yar'Adu was not forceful enough, notably in his speeches, with his anti-corruption program. For the incoming administration, the paper recommends to make anti-corruption a strong priority and to reduce political intereference in the work of anti-corruption agencies. Foreword “Nigerians agree that corruption in public Abuja and Lagos. Our main working life, which was pronounced under areas are: Supporting democracy and its military rule, has reached alarmingly institutions, strengthening the Nigerian pandemic proportions, and should now labour movement and worker‟s rights, be a matter of very serious and pressing and supporting the debate on Nigeria in public policy concern.” Unfortunately, the international relations.
    [Show full text]
  • List of Hon. Ministers (Members of the Federal Executive Council, March
    List of Hon. Ministers (Members of the Federal Executive Council, March. 2009 1 Chief Mike Aondoakaa Hon. Attorney-Gen. & Minister of Justice 2 Dr. S. Abba Ruma Hon. Minister of Agric & Water Resources 3 Mrs. Fidelia A. Njeze Hon. Min. of State, Agric & Water Resources 4 Mr. Babatunde Omotoba Hon. Minister of Aviation 5 Senator Bello J. Gada Hon. Minister of Culture & Tourism 6 General Godwin Abbe(Retd) Hon. Minister of Defence 7 Alhaji AbdulRahaman Adamu Hon. Minister of State, Defence Jimeta 8 Dr. Sam Egwu Hon. Minister of Education 9 Hajia Aishatu Dukku Hon. Minister of State, Education 10 Mr. John Odey Hon. Minister of Environment 11 Senator M.A. Aliero Hon. Minister of the FCT 12 Mr. J.C. Odom Hon. Minister of State, FCT 13 Mr. Remi Babalola Hon. Minister of State, Finance 14 Chief Ojo Maduekwe Hon. Minister of Foreign Affairs 15 Alhaji Jibril Maigari Hon. Minister of State, F.A., I 16 Ambassador Bagudu Hirse Hon. Minister of State, F.A., II 17 Prof. B. Osotimehin Hon. Minister of Health 18 Dr. A.I. Hong Hon. Minister of State, Health 19 Prof. D. Akunyili Hon. Minister of Information & Communication 20 Alhaji Aliyu Ikra Bilbis Hon. Minister of State, Information & 1 Communication 21 Dr. Shettima Mustapha Hon. Minister of Interior 22 Chief A. Kayode Hon. Minister of Labour 23 Mrs. Deziani Allison- Hon. Minister of Mines & Steel Development Madueke 24 Dr. Shamsudeen Usman Deputy Chairman/Hon. Minister of National Planning Commission 25 Elder G. Orubebe Hon. Minister of State, Niger Delta Affairs 26 Dr. Rilwanu Lukman Hon.
    [Show full text]
  • Federal Character Principle and National Integration (1999-2011)
    IOSR Journal Of Humanities And Social Science (IOSR-JHSS) Volume 21, Issue 6, Ver. 6 (June. 2016) PP 01-10 e-ISSN: 2279-0837, p-ISSN: 2279-0845. www.iosrjournals.org Federal Character Principle And National Integration (1999-2011) UGWUJA DANIEL I. Department Of Political Science, Enugu State University Of Science And Technology, Nigeria. ABSTRACT:-This research determined whether the application of the federal character principle in solving ethnic tension, national question and inequitable distribution of political power possesses the potentials for achieving national integration which is the prerequisite for economic development. Most of the information in this research was based on the secondary source of data collection. Since independence in 1960, Nigeria has been plagued by ethnic tension and political conflicts which have taken the toll of unity and stability in Nigeria. Various solutions, ranging from the adoption of unitary system, federalism to the creation of states, have been proffered and implemented to the creation of states, proffered and implemented, but the problem has persisted. The adoption of federal character principle in Nigeria is to hold the federating units firm. This research also traced the history of amalgamation and evolution of Nigeria as one political unit. It also analyzed and examined the adoption of the Federal Character Principle as a solution to the problem of ethnic tensions arising from inequitable distribution of political power and posts, its relevance to the solution on ethnic tensions and marginalization. Keywords:- National integration, amalgamation, economic development, political power and ethnic tension. I. INTRODUCTION The concept of federal character is a device through which every section of a nation would take part in the decision making process.
    [Show full text]
  • A Preliminary Assessment of the Context for REDD in Nigeria
    Federal Republic of Nigeria and Cross River State A Preliminary Assessment of the Context for REDD in Nigeria comissioned by the Federal Ministry of Environment, the Cross River State's Forestry Comission and UNDP researched & drafted by Macarthy Oyebo, Francis Bisong and Tunde Morakinyo with support from Environmental Resources Management (ERM) This report aims at providing basic information and a comprehensive assessment to ground a REDD+ readiness process in Nigeria, which is meant to advance with the support of the UN‐REDD Programme. The report is not a policy document, but rather an informative and analytical tool for all stakeholders willing to sustain REDD+ readiness in the country. The assessment places a special focus on Cross River State since this state is ready and willing to explore REDD+ readiness in a more intense fashion, in order to both inform the national REDD+ readiness with field‐level actions and to provide best practice and lessons for the rest of the states in the country. In addition, Cross River State holds a unique share of the forest and biodiversity resources of Nigeria; has two decades of active community forest management and community forest conservation experience to draw upon; and seeks to secure this legacy through innovative environmental finance schemes, such as REDD+. CONTENTS GLOSSARY EXECUTIVE SUMMARY I 1 INTRODUCTION AND BACKGROUND 1 1.1 OBJECTIVE OF THE REPORT 2 2 INVENTORY OF FOREST RESOURCES AND STATUS 5 2.1 THE STATUS OF THE FOREST RESOURCES AND ENVIRONMENT IN NIGERIA 5 2.2 THE STATUS OF VARIOUS
    [Show full text]
  • Inhibitions to the Enforcement of Economic and Social Rights in the Uk and Nigeria: a Study of Two Worlds
    INHIBITIONS TO THE ENFORCEMENT OF ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL RIGHTS IN THE UK AND NIGERIA: A STUDY OF TWO WORLDS. By Olumese Olumese Nottingham Law School April 2019 A thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements of Nottingham Trent University for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Copyright Statement This work is the intellectual property of the author. You may copy up to 5% of this work for private study, or personal, non-commercial research. Any re-use of the information contained within this document should be fully referenced, quoting the author, title, university, degree level and pagination. Queries or requests for any other use, or if a more substantial copy is required, should be directed in the owner(s) of the Intellectual Property Rights. i Acknowledgement I am grateful to the Almighty God for seeing me through the entire process of this research. I would like to thank my wife, Ima for her support and understanding. I would never have achieved this without her encouragement. I am indebted to my kids, Caleb and Ivanna, their smiling and beautiful faces have been a source of inspiration to me and they can never truly understand (at least not for some years to come) why daddy was always locking himself away in his study. I thank my supervisors, Dr Austen Garwood-Gowers, and Elspeth Berry for their excellent efforts at supervising this research. They were always available to offer advice on ways to improve my research as well as signposting relevant materials. I would like to specially thank them for patiently going through all my work including those meant for presentation and publication outside of my studies.
    [Show full text]
  • Ethics for Public Health Research in Africa
    Ethics for Public Health Research in Africa Social Science Academy of Nigeria Ethics for Public Health Research in Africa 1 Ethics for Public Health Research in Africa Proceedings of an International Workshop in collaboration with the Special Programme for Research and Training in Tropical Diseases (TDR) of the World Health Organisation, with the support of the Federal Ministry of Health, Abuja, Nigeria, April 21-23, 2008 Edited by Olayiwola Erinosho Department of Sociology, Olabisi Onabanjo University, Ago-Iwoye, Nigeria Ethics for Public Health Research in Africa 2 Social Science Academy of Nigeria Crescent 12 Flat 99 Kado Estate, Wuse PO Box 8026, Abuja, Nigeria [email protected] www.ssanigeria.org © Social Science Academy of Nigeria First Published 2008-10-10 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanic, photocopying, or recording or otherwise or stored in any retrieval system of any nature without prior written permission of the copyright holder. ISBN: 978-978-48193-4-3 Ethics for Public Health Research in Africa 3 Contents Contents (1) Preface (ii) Acknowledgements (iii) Contributors (iv) 1. Introduction Olayiwola Erinosho………………………………………………………………………..1 2. Developing Ethical Oversight of Research in Developing Countries: Case Study of Nigeria Clement A. Adebamowo, Margaret A. Mafe, Aminu A. Yakubu, Julie M. Adekeye, and Jonathan Y. Jiya…………………………………………………………………………….7 3. Ethical Issues in Scientific Research Adebayo O. Adejumo……………………………………………………………………...16 4. Consent Seeking and Principles of Distributive Justice in Field Laboratory Health Projects in Non-Literate Societies Adeyinka Falusi……………………………………………………………………………21 5. Consent Seeking in Social and Behavioural Research in Non-Literate Communities Ayodele Samuel Jegede……………………………………………………………………27 6.
    [Show full text]
  • Federal Republic of Nigeria
    National Implementation Plan for the Stockholm Convention FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF NIGERIA National lmplementation Plan for the Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPS) Final Report Federal Ministry of Environment Abuja, Nigeria April, 2009 Page i National Implementation Plan for the Stockholm Convention FOREWORD The strategic importance of chemicals in the transformation of the economic, industrial, health, social and developmental landscape of Nigeria has been recognized nationally, fully conscious of the risk to human health and the environment by the adoption of unsound management principles and practices especially for hazardous chemicals. Chemicals are important to mankind and sustenance of life on earth with multifarious uses in agriculture, medicine, industrial manufacturing, public health/vector control, etc, yet hazardous chemicals can result in significant adverse effects on human health and the environment. Nigeria as a rapidly industrializing developing country with abundant natural resources, a large human population of about 150 million people and diverse sensitive ecosystems that must be managed in a sustainable manner, has put in place since 1988 institutional and regulatory framework for environmental protection and natural resources conservation. The country has participated actively in most international forum and initiatives on the environment since the 1992 United Nations Conference on the Environment (UNCED); and has ratified major Multilateral Environmental Agreements (MEAs) including those on chemicals
    [Show full text]
  • The Case of Nigeria, 1999-2015 Babasola, O
    WestminsterResearch http://www.westminster.ac.uk/westminsterresearch Democratisation, mass media and the anti-corruption drive in Africa: the case of Nigeria, 1999-2015 Babasola, O. This is an electronic version of a PhD thesis awarded by the University of Westminster. © Mr Oluwasina Babasola, 2017. The WestminsterResearch online digital archive at the University of Westminster aims to make the research output of the University available to a wider audience. Copyright and Moral Rights remain with the authors and/or copyright owners. Whilst further distribution of specific materials from within this archive is forbidden, you may freely distribute the URL of WestminsterResearch: ((http://westminsterresearch.wmin.ac.uk/). In case of abuse or copyright appearing without permission e-mail [email protected] DEMOCRATISATION, MASS MEDIA AND THE ANTI-CORRUPTION DRIVE IN AFRICA: THE CASE OF NIGERIA, 1999-2015 OLUWASINA ABIDEMI BABASOLA A THESIS SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF WESTMINSTER FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY OCTOBER 2017 Oluwasina Abidemi Babasola, University of Westminster (2017) 1 | P a g e DEDICATION This dissertation is dedicated to Almighty God for seeing me through the course and to pioneer Chairman of ICPC, Justice Mustapha Akanbi for his zeal for a corruption free Nigeria. Oluwasina Abidemi Babasola, University of Westminster (2017) 2 | P a g e DECLARATION OF ORIGINAL AUTHORSHIP I, Oluwasina Abidemi Babasola, confirm that the work presented in this thesis is my own. Where material has been derived from other sources, I confirm that this has been indicated and acknowledged. Oluwasina Abidemi Babasola, University of Westminster (2017) 3 | P a g e ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS To think and successfully complete a dissertation of this nature, it is essential to have the willing cooperation of many people.
    [Show full text]
  • African Studies Quarterly
    African Studies Quarterly Volume 12, Issues 3 Summer 2011 Published by the Center for African Studies, University of Florida ISSN: 2152-2448 African Studies Quarterly Executive Staff R. Hunt Davis, Jr. - Editor-in-Chief Todd H. Leedy - Associate Editor Shylock Muyengwa - Managing Editor Emily Hauser- Book Reviews Editor Corinna Greene - Production Editor Editorial Committee David Anastas Asmeret G. Mehari Robin Brooks Chesney McOmber Leif J. Bullock Jessica Morey Erin Bunting Patricia Chilufya Mupeta Nicole C. D'Errico Anna Mwaba Dan Eizenga Greyson Nyamoga Cerian Gibbes Levy Odera John Hames Levi C. Ofoe Cara Jones Gregory Parent Claudia Hoffmann Musa Sadock Nicholas Knowlton Noah I. Sims Alison M. Ketter Erik Timmons Ashley Leinweber Amanda Weibel Meredith Marten Advisory Board Adélékè Adéèko Andrew Lepp Ohio State University Kent State University Timothy Ajani Richard Marcus Fayetteville State University California State University, Long Beach Abubakar Alhassan Kelli Moore Bayero University James Madison University John W. Arthur James T. Murphy University of South Florida, St. Clark University Petersburg Lilian Temu Osaki Susan Cooksey University of Dar es Salaam University of Florida Dianne White Oyler Mark Davidheiser Fayetteville State University Nova Southeastern University Alex Rödlach Kristin Davis Creighton University International Food Policy Research Jan Shetler Institute Goshen College Parakh Hoon Mantoa Rose Smouse Virginia Tech University of Cape Town African Studies Quarterly | Volume 12, Issue 3 | Summer 2011 http://www.africa.ufl.edu/asq Roos Willems Peter VonDoepp Catholic University of Leuven University of Vermont African Studies Quarterly | Volume 12, Issue 3 | Summer 2011 http://www.africa.ufl.edu/asq © University of Florida Board of Trustees, a public corporation of the State of Florida; permission is hereby granted for individuals to download articles for their own personal use.
    [Show full text]