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African Studies Quarterly African Studies Quarterly Volume 12, Issues 3 Summer 2011 Published by the Center for African Studies, University of Florida ISSN: 2152-2448 African Studies Quarterly Executive Staff R. Hunt Davis, Jr. - Editor-in-Chief Todd H. Leedy - Associate Editor Shylock Muyengwa - Managing Editor Emily Hauser- Book Reviews Editor Corinna Greene - Production Editor Editorial Committee David Anastas Asmeret G. Mehari Robin Brooks Chesney McOmber Leif J. Bullock Jessica Morey Erin Bunting Patricia Chilufya Mupeta Nicole C. D'Errico Anna Mwaba Dan Eizenga Greyson Nyamoga Cerian Gibbes Levy Odera John Hames Levi C. Ofoe Cara Jones Gregory Parent Claudia Hoffmann Musa Sadock Nicholas Knowlton Noah I. Sims Alison M. Ketter Erik Timmons Ashley Leinweber Amanda Weibel Meredith Marten Advisory Board Adélékè Adéèko Andrew Lepp Ohio State University Kent State University Timothy Ajani Richard Marcus Fayetteville State University California State University, Long Beach Abubakar Alhassan Kelli Moore Bayero University James Madison University John W. Arthur James T. Murphy University of South Florida, St. Clark University Petersburg Lilian Temu Osaki Susan Cooksey University of Dar es Salaam University of Florida Dianne White Oyler Mark Davidheiser Fayetteville State University Nova Southeastern University Alex Rödlach Kristin Davis Creighton University International Food Policy Research Jan Shetler Institute Goshen College Parakh Hoon Mantoa Rose Smouse Virginia Tech University of Cape Town African Studies Quarterly | Volume 12, Issue 3 | Summer 2011 http://www.africa.ufl.edu/asq Roos Willems Peter VonDoepp Catholic University of Leuven University of Vermont African Studies Quarterly | Volume 12, Issue 3 | Summer 2011 http://www.africa.ufl.edu/asq © University of Florida Board of Trustees, a public corporation of the State of Florida; permission is hereby granted for individuals to download articles for their own personal use. Published by the Center for African Studies, University of Florida. African Studies Quarterly | Volume 12, Issue 3 | Summer 2011 http://www.africa.ufl.edu/asq Table of Contents Coal Sector Revitalization, Community Memory, and the Land Question in Nigeria: A Paradox of Economic Diversification? Ikechukwu Umejesi (1-21) Oil Extraction and the Potential for Domestic Instability in Uganda Jacob Kathman & Megan Shannon (23-45) Environmental Legacies of Major Events: Solid Waste Management and the Commonwealth Heads of Government Meeting (CHOGM) in Uganda Mersharch W. Katusiimeh & Arthur P. J. Mol (47-65) Women's Resistance in Cameroon's Western Grassfield : Power of Symbols, Superb Organization and Leadership, 1957-1961 Henry Kam Kah (67-91) Nigeria's Fourth Republic and the Challenge of a Faltering Democratization Dhikru Adewale Yagboyaju (93-106) Book Reviews Tosha Grantham. 2009. Darkroom: Photography and New Media in South Africa since 1950. Richmond: Virginia Museum of Fine Arts. 150 pp. Erin Haney. 2010. Photography and Africa. London: Reaktion Books. 192 pp. Review by Todd Leedy (107-109) Sefi Atta. News from Home. Northampton, Massachusetts: Interlink Publishing Group, Incorporation, 2010. 293 pp. Review by Rosetta Codling (109-110) Ivan Bargna. Africa. Translated by Rosanna M. Giammanco. Book series “Dictionaries of Civilization Series.”N° 6. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press, 2008. 385 pp. Review by Yves Laberge (110-112) Ama Biney and Adebayo Olukoshi. Speaking Truth to Power: Selected Pan-African Postcards. Cape Town: Pambazuka Press, 2010. ix, 248 pp. Review by Kelli N. Moore (112-113) Barbara Bompani and Maria Frahm-Arp. Development and Politics from Below: Exploring Religious Spaces in the African State. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2010. xiii, 257pp. Review by Lady Jane Acquah (113-115) African Studies Quarterly | Volume 12, Issue 3 | Summer 2011 http://www.africa.ufl.edu/asq Babacar Camara. Reason in History: Hegel and Social Changes in Africa. Lanham: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, 2011. 135 pp. Review by Robert Munro (115-117) Peter Cunliffe-Jones. My Nigeria: Five Decades of Independence. New York: Palgrave Macmillan Publishers, 2010. 238 pp. Review by Kawu Bala (117-118) Irit Eguavoen. The Political Ecology of Household Water in Northern Ghana. Berlin: Lit Verlag, 2008. xi, 309 pp. Review by Heidi G. Frontani (119-120) Linda K. Fuller. African Women’s Unique Vulnerabilities to HIV/Aids: Communication Perspectives and Promises. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2008. iv, 309 pp. Review by Ridwa Abdi (120-122) Sandra E. Greene. West African Narratives of Slavery: Texts from Late Nineteenth and Early Twentieth Century Ghana. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 2011. ix, 300 pp. Review by Toni Pressley-Sanon (122-123) Larry Grubbs. Secular Missionaries: Americans and African Development in the 1960’s. Amherst, Massachusetts: University of Massachusetts Press, 2009. vii, 243 pp. Review by Farah Abdi (124-125) John W. Harbeson and Donald Rothchild (eds.). Africa in World Politics: Reforming Political Order. Boulder: Westview Press, 2009. xvi, 408 pp. Review by Percyslage Chigora (126-127) Kassim Mohammed Khamis. Promoting the African Union. Washington, DC: Lilian Barber Press, Inc., 2008. 421 pp. Review by Antonia Witt (127-129) Stephen J. King. The New Authoritarianism in the Middle East and North Africa. Bloomington, Indiana: Indiana University Press, 2009. 290 pp. Review by Steven Stottlemyre (129-130) Herbert S. Klein. The Atlantic Slave Trade. 2nd edition. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2010. xx, 242pp. Review by A. T. Gorton (130-131) Kofi Oteng Kufuor. The African Human Rights System: Origin and Evolution. New York, NY: Palgrave MacMillan, 2010. vii. 182 pp. Review by Eric M. Moody (132-133) John McAleer. Representing Africa, Landscape, Exploration and Empire in Southern Africa, 1780- 1870. Manchester and New York: Manchester University Press, 2010. 241 pp. Review by Adel Manai (133-134) African Studies Quarterly | Volume 12, Issue 3 | Summer 2011 http://www.africa.ufl.edu/asq Hassimi Oumarou Maïga. Balancing Written History with Oral Tradition: The Legacy of the Songhoy People. New York: Routledge, 2010. xi, 206 pp. Review by Helena Cantone (135-136) Cedric Mayson. Why Africa Matters. Maryknoll, New York: Orbis Books, 2010. 217 pp. Review by Lily Sofiani (136-137) Janet McIntosh. The Edge of Islam: Power, Personhood, and Ethnoreligious Boundaries on the Kenya Coast. Durham: Duke University Press, 2009. xi, 325 pp. Review by Terje Østebø (137-138) Augustine S. O. Okwu. Igbo Culture and the Christian Missions: Conversion in Theory and Practice, 1857-1957. New York: University Press of America, Inc., 2010. x, 336pp. Review by Jason Bruner (139-140) Tejumola Olaniyan and James Sweet. The African Diaspora and the Disciplines. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 2010. viii, 363 pp. Review by Ken Walibora Waliaula (140-142) Brett L. Shadle. “Girl Cases:” Marriage and Colonialism in Gusiiland, Kenya, 1890-1970. Portsmouth, NH: Heinemann, 2006. x, 256 pp. Review by Jacqueline-Bethel Mougoué (142-144) Elinami Veraeli Swai. Beyond Women’s Empowerment in Africa: Exploring Disclocation and Agency. New York: St. Martin’s Press, 2010. xv, 189 pp. Review by Emmanuel Botlhale (144-146) United Nations Economic Commission for Africa. African Governance Report II 2009. New York: Oxford University Press. xii, 274 pp. Review by Uchendu Eugene Chigbu (146-147) Michael Vickers. A Nation Betrayed: Nigeria and the Minorities Commission of 1957. Trenton, New Jersey: Africa World Press. 2010. xxvii, 324 pp. Review by Okechukwu Edward Okeke (147-149) Cherryl Walker, Anna Bohlin, Ruth Hall, and Thembela Kepe (eds.). Land, Memory, Reconstruction, and Justice: Perspectives on Land Claims in South Africa. Athens, Ohio: Ohio University Press, 2010. xiv, 335 pp. Review by Harvey M. Feinberg (149-152) African Studies Quarterly | Volume 12, Issue 3 | Summer 2011 http://www.africa.ufl.edu/asq African Studies Quarterly | Volume 12, Issue 3 | Summer 2011 Coal Sector Revitalization, Community Memory, and the Land Question in Nigeria: A Paradox of Economic Diversification? IKECHUKWU UMEJESI Abstract: In 1999, the Nigerian government unveiled new policies aimed at revitalizing the mining, agricultural, tourism, financial services, and manufacturing sectors in a broader effort to diversify the national economy. While this was a response to the reality of underdevelopment in the country, it was also a response to research that has attributed the country’s developmental and governance failures to decades of over-dependence on its vast petroleum resources. The new plan has attracted unprecedented attention from foreign and local mining firms to previously under-exploited minerals such as coal, gold, tin, bitumen, talc, limestone, uranium, asbestos, limestone, and iron ore (known collectively in Nigerian government and business circles as ‚solid minerals‛). Using the coal industry as a case study, this article looks beyond the ‚economic diversification‛ objectives of resource sector reforms and interrogates coal sector revitalization against narratives of entitlement, land dispossession, and repossession in the mining communities. The central question is: how does privatisation impact on the revitalization process, and what role does community memory and material interests in land, play in the emerging conflict between the mining communities and the Nigerian state? The analysis is based on ethnographic data obtained in the South-eastern Nigerian town of Enugu-Ngwo, the country’s premier coal mining community. The
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