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The Naga Language Groups Within the Tibeto-Burman Language Family
TheNaga Language Groups within the Tibeto-Burman Language Family George van Driem The Nagas speak languages of the Tibeto-Burman fami Ethnically, many Tibeto-Burman tribes of the northeast ly. Yet, according to our present state of knowledge, the have been called Naga in the past or have been labelled as >Naga languages< do not constitute a single genetic sub >Naga< in scholarly literature who are no longer usually group within Tibeto-Burman. What defines the Nagas best covered by the modern more restricted sense of the term is perhaps just the label Naga, which was once applied in today. Linguistically, even today's >Naga languages< do discriminately by Indo-Aryan colonists to all scantily clad not represent a single coherent branch of the family, but tribes speaking Tibeto-Burman languages in the northeast constitute several distinct branches of Tibeto-Burman. of the Subcontinent. At any rate, the name Naga, ultimately This essay aims (1) to give an idea of the linguistic position derived from Sanskrit nagna >naked<, originated as a titu of these languages within the family to which they belong, lar label, because the term denoted a sect of Shaivite sadhus (2) to provide a relatively comprehensive list of names and whose most salient trait to the eyes of the lay observer was localities as a directory for consultation by scholars and in that they went through life unclad. The Tibeto-Burman terested laymen who wish to make their way through the tribes labelled N aga in the northeast, though scantily clad, jungle of names and alternative appellations that confront were of course not Hindu at all. -
THE LANGUAGES of MANIPUR: a CASE STUDY of the KUKI-CHIN LANGUAGES* Pauthang Haokip Department of Linguistics, Assam University, Silchar
Linguistics of the Tibeto-Burman Area Volume 34.1 — April 2011 THE LANGUAGES OF MANIPUR: A CASE STUDY OF THE KUKI-CHIN LANGUAGES* Pauthang Haokip Department of Linguistics, Assam University, Silchar Abstract: Manipur is primarily the home of various speakers of Tibeto-Burman languages. Aside from the Tibeto-Burman speakers, there are substantial numbers of Indo-Aryan and Dravidian speakers in different parts of the state who have come here either as traders or as workers. Keeping in view the lack of proper information on the languages of Manipur, this paper presents a brief outline of the languages spoken in the state of Manipur in general and Kuki-Chin languages in particular. The social relationships which different linguistic groups enter into with one another are often political in nature and are seldom based on genetic relationship. Thus, Manipur presents an intriguing area of research in that a researcher can end up making wrong conclusions about the relationships among the various linguistic groups, unless one thoroughly understands which groups of languages are genetically related and distinct from other social or political groupings. To dispel such misconstrued notions which can at times mislead researchers in the study of the languages, this paper provides an insight into the factors linguists must take into consideration before working in Manipur. The data on Kuki-Chin languages are primarily based on my own information as a resident of Churachandpur district, which is further supported by field work conducted in Churachandpur district during the period of 2003-2005 while I was working for the Central Institute of Indian Languages, Mysore, as a research investigator. -
Sino-Tibetan Numeral Systems: Prefixes, Protoforms and Problems
Sino-Tibetan numeral systems: prefixes, protoforms and problems Matisoff, J.A. Sino-Tibetan Numeral Systems: Prefixes, Protoforms and Problems. B-114, xii + 147 pages. Pacific Linguistics, The Australian National University, 1997. DOI:10.15144/PL-B114.cover ©1997 Pacific Linguistics and/or the author(s). Online edition licensed 2015 CC BY-SA 4.0, with permission of PL. A sealang.net/CRCL initiative. PACIFIC LINGUISTICS FOUNDING EDITOR: Stephen A. Wunn EDITORIAL BOARD: Malcolm D. Ross and Darrell T. Tryon (Managing Editors), Thomas E. Dutton, Nikolaus P. Himmelmann, Andrew K. Pawley Pacific Linguistics is a publisher specialising in linguistic descriptions, dictionaries, atlases and other material on languages of the Pacific, the Philippines, Indonesia and southeast Asia. The authors and editors of Pacific Linguistics publications are drawn from a wide range of institutions around the world. Pacific Linguistics is associated with the Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies at the Australian National University. Pacific Linguistics was established in 1963 through an initial grant from the Hunter Douglas Fund. It is a non-profit-making body financed largely from the sales of its books to libraries and individuals throughout the world, with some assistance from the School. The Editorial Board of Pacific Linguistics is made up of the academic staff of the School's Department of Linguistics. The Board also appoints a body of editorial advisors drawn from the international community of linguists. Publications in Series A, B and C and textbooks in Series D are refereed by scholars with re levant expertise who are normally not members of the editorial board. -
How Many Chin Languages Should Be Taught in Government Schools? Ongoing Developments and Structural Challenges of Language-In-Education Policy in Chin State
See discussions, stats, and author profiles for this publication at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/345667190 How Many Chin Languages Should Be Taught in Government Schools? Ongoing developments and structural challenges of language-in-education policy in Chin State Article · November 2020 CITATIONS READS 0 173 2 authors: Nicolas Salem-Gervais Salai Van Cung Lian Institut National des Langues et Civilisations Orientales University of Birmingham 12 PUBLICATIONS 26 CITATIONS 2 PUBLICATIONS 0 CITATIONS SEE PROFILE SEE PROFILE Some of the authors of this publication are also working on these related projects: Chin Public Attitudes towards Corruption in Chin State View project All content following this page was uploaded by Nicolas Salem-Gervais on 10 November 2020. The user has requested enhancement of the downloaded file. Abstract anguage-in-education policies have constituted an enduring concern under the successive political eras L 1 in Burma/Myanmar, with critical impli- cations regarding cultural and linguistic diversity, access to education, as well as the emergence of a nation. While this issue has often been described too sim- plistically, the overall sidelining of ethnic minority languages in formal education under military regimes is nevertheless patent. The national language-in-education pol- icy has recently evolved, slowly at first, in the wake of the 2011 political transition towards democratization and decentral- ization (Salem-Gervais and Raynaud, 2020). In 2019–2020, 64 languages were taught in government schools throughout the country, a few periods every week, as subjects. While this shift is insufficient for proponents of Mother Tongue-Based Education (MTBE), the ongoing development of the Local Cur- riculum gives the possibility to States and Regions to progressively incorpo- rate some local content in the syllabus, including the languages, cultures and histories of the groups living in their respective territories, supposedly up to high school. -
“We Are Like Forgotten People”
“We Are Like Forgotten People” The Chin People of Burma: Unsafe in Burma, Unprotected in India Copyright © 2009 Human Rights Watch All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America ISBN: 2-56432-426-5 Cover design by Rafael Jimenez Human Rights Watch 350 Fifth Avenue, 34th floor New York, NY 10118-3299 USA Tel: +1 212 290 4700, Fax: +1 212 736 1300 [email protected] Poststraße 4-5 10178 Berlin, Germany Tel: +49 30 2593 06-10, Fax: +49 30 2593 0629 [email protected] Avenue des Gaulois, 7 1040 Brussels, Belgium Tel: + 32 (2) 732 2009, Fax: + 32 (2) 732 0471 [email protected] 64-66 Rue de Lausanne 1202 Geneva, Switzerland Tel: +41 22 738 0481, Fax: +41 22 738 1791 [email protected] 2-12 Pentonville Road, 2nd Floor London N1 9HF, UK Tel: +44 20 7713 1995, Fax: +44 20 7713 1800 [email protected] 27 Rue de Lisbonne 75008 Paris, France Tel: +33 (1)43 59 55 35, Fax: +33 (1) 43 59 55 22 [email protected] 1630 Connecticut Avenue, N.W., Suite 500 Washington, DC 20009 USA Tel: +1 202 612 4321, Fax: +1 202 612 4333 [email protected] Web Site Address: http://www.hrw.org January 2009 2-56432-426-5 “We Are Like Forgotten People” The Chin People of Burma: Unsafe in Burma, Unprotected in India Map of Chin State, Burma, and Mizoram State, India .......................................................... 1 Map of the Original Territory of Ethnic Chin Tribes .............................................................. 2 I. Summary ......................................................................................................................... 3 Methodology ................................................................................................................... 7 II. Background .................................................................................................................... 9 Brief Political History of the Chin ................................................................................... -
History of the Scientific Study of the Tibeto-Burman Languages of North-East India
Indian Journal of History of Science, 52.4 (2017) 420-444 DOI: 10.16943/ijhs/2017/v52i4/49265 History of the Scientific Study of the Tibeto-Burman Languages of North-East India Satarupa Dattamajumdar* (Received 25 April 2017; revised 19 October 2017) Abstract Linguistics or in other words the scientific study of languages in India is a traditional exercise which is about three thousand years old and occupied a central position of the scientific tradition from the very beginning. The tradition of the scientific study of the languages of the Indo-Aryan language family which are mainly spoken in India’s North and North-Western part was brought to light with the emergence of the genealogical study of languages by Sir William Jones in the 18th c. But the linguistic study of the Tibeto-Burman languages spoken in North-Eastern part of India is of a much later origin. According to the 2011 census there are 45486784 people inhabiting in the states of North-East India. They are essentially the speakers of the Tibeto-Burman group of languages along with the Austro-Asiatic and Indo-Aryan groups of languages. Though 1% of the total population of India is the speaker of the Tibeto-Burman group of languages (2001 census) the study of the language and society of this group of people has become essential from the point of view of the socio-political development of the country. But a composite historical account of the scientific enquiries of the Tibeto-Burman group of languages, a prerequisite criterion for the development of the region is yet to be attempted. -
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North East Indian Linguistics Volume 3 Edited by Gwendolyn Hyslop • Stephen Morey. Mark W. Post EOUNDATlON® S (j) ® Ie S Delhi· Bengaluru • Mumbai • Kolkata • Chennai • Hyderabad • Pune Published by Cambridge University Press India Pvt. Ltd. under the imprint of Foundation Books Cambridge House, 438114 Ansari Road, Daryaganj, New Delhi 110002 Cambridge University Press India Pvt. Ltd. C-22, C-Block, Brigade M.M., K.R. Road, Iayanagar, Bengaluru 560 070 Plot No. 80, Service Industries, Sbirvane, Sector-I, Neru!, Navi Mumbai 400 706 10 Raja Subodb Mullick Square, 2nd Floor, Kolkata 700 013 2111 (New No. 49), 1st Floor, Model School Road, Thousand Lights, Chcnnai 600 006 House No. 3-5-874/6/4, (Near Apollo Hospital), Hyderguda, Hyderabad 500 029 Agarwal Pride, 'A' Wing, 1308 Kasba Peth, Near Surya Hospital, :"Pune 411 011 © Cambridge Universiry Press India Pvt. Ltd. First Published 20 II ISBN 978-81-7596-793-9 All rights reserved. No reproduction of any part may take place without the written pennission of Cambridge University Press India Pvl. Ltd., subject to statutory exception and to the provision of relevant collective licensing agreements. Cambridge" Universiry Press India Pvl. Ltd. has no responsibility for the persistence or accuracy of URLs for external or third-parry internet websites referred to in this book, and does not guarantee that any content on such websites is, or will remain, accurate or appropriate. Typeset at SanchauLi Image Composers, New Deihi. Published by Manas Saikia for Cambridge University Press India Pvl. Ltd. and printed at Sanat Printers, Kundli. Haryana Contents About the Contributors v Foreword Chungkham Yashawanta Singh ix A Note from the Editors xvii The View from Manipur 1. -
Case and Post-Position in Sukte (Salhte) Arambam Sadananda Singh Ph.D
==================================================================== Language in India www.languageinindia.com ISSN 1930-2940 Vol. 19:5 May 2019 India’s Higher Education Authority UGC Approved List of Journals Serial Number 49042 ==================================================================== Case and Post-Position in Sukte (Salhte) Arambam Sadananda Singh Ph.D. Scholar, Department of Linguistics Assam University Silchar, Assam Pin-788011 Mobile: 7002425091 [email protected] ========================================================== Abstract Sukte is an undocumented language spoken by one of the tribes of Manipur. The term ‘Sukte’ is derived from the word sokte a compound word sok ‘to go southwards’ and te ‘plural suffix indicating person’ which literally means people of the southwards or lowland. Salte is the alternate name of the language. It is mainly spoken in Churachandpur District of Manipur. Linguistically, Salte belongs to Kuki-Chin group of the Tibeto-Burman family of languages (Benedict, 1972). It is closely related to many other Kuki-Chin group of languages namely Paite, Chorai, Chiru, Chothe, Gangte, Ranglong, Rangkhol, etc. Keywords: Sukte, Tedim-Chin, Kuki-Chin, Tibeto-Burman, Manipur, Case. 1. Introduction Sukte is one of the unwritten, undocumented and undescribed languages of Manipur spoken by tribe in the same name. The Sukte is the name of the language and community. The term Sukte is derived from Sokte in the form of compounding such as sok ‘to go down or southward’ and te ‘the plural suffix roughly indicating persons’ literally ‘people of the southward or low land’. This language is placed under the Kuki-Chin group of Tibeto-Burman sub-family of languages (Grierson, 1903). It is closely related to many other languages or dialects of Kuki- Chin group of languages namely Baite, Chorai, Chiru, Chothe, Gangte, Guite, Kaipeng, Ranglong, Rangkhol, etc. -
Languages of Manipur in the Fast Changing Globalized World
================================================================== Language in India www.languageinindia.com ISSN 1930-2940 Vol. 15:10 October 2015 =================================================================== Languages of Manipur in the Fast Changing Globalized World Naorem Brindebala Devi, Research Scholar Prof. Ch. Yashawanta Singh ================================================================= Abstract There are many languages in the world. But it is not confirmed yet the exact number of the languages. In Manipur itself, there are three language families: Indo-Aryan, Dravidian and Tibeto-Burman. Manipuri, the lingua-franca of Manipur, is included in the Tibeto-Burman language family, besides the 33 claimed tribal languages. It is an Eighth Schedule language which is used as a medium of instruction in schools and colleges. Some tribal language are in the status of using as a medium of instruction from standard 1 to graduate level where they are taught as an elective subject. However, social development and globalization have made a great impact on these languages. Various loan words related to computer, mobile phones, internet, cable TV and readymade phrases and sentences etc. are used with native languages with their respective verbs as an impact/effect of IT and various network developments which are the agents of globalization. It let the cultures exchanged throughout the world, translation, being the means. Globalization gives an opportunity of changing the languages but it needs care to develop the mother tongue as well as nativize it side by side. Key words: language, tribal language, endangered language, globalization, translation, technology. Introduction Till today there is no exact number of languages recorded in the world: it is estimated generally and reported as more than 6000 languages in the world. -
Papers in Southeast Asian Linguistics No. 14: Tibeto-Bvrman Languages of the Himalayas
PACIFIC LINGUISTICS Series A-86 PAPERS IN SOUTHEAST ASIAN LINGUISTICS NO. 14: TIBETO-BVRMAN LANGUAGES OF THE HIMALAYAS edited by David Bradley Department of Linguistics Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies THE AUSTRALIAN NATIONAL UNIVERSITY Bradley, D. editor. Papers in Southeast Asian Linguistics No. 14:. A-86, vi + 232 (incl. 4 maps) pages. Pacific Linguistics, The Australian National University, 1997. DOI:10.15144/PL-A86.cover ©1997 Pacific Linguistics and/or the author(s). Online edition licensed 2015 CC BY-SA 4.0, with permission of PL. A sealang.net/CRCL initiative. Pacific Linguistics specialises in publishing linguistic material relating to languages of East Asia, Southeast Asia and the Pacific. Linguistic and anthropological manuscripts related to other areas, and to general theoretical issues, are also considered on a case by case basis. Manuscripts are published in one of four series: SERIES A: Occasional Papers SERIES C: Books SERIES B: Monographs SERIES D: Special Publications FOUNDING EDITOR: S.A. Wurm EDITORIAL BOARD: M.D. Ross and D.T. Tryon (Managing Editors), T.E. Dutton, N.P. Himmelmann, A.K. Pawley EDITORIAL ADVISERS: B.W. Bender KA. McElhanon University of Hawaii Summer Institute of Linguistics David Bradley H.P. McKaughan La Trobe University University of Hawaii Michael G. Clyne P. Miihlhausler Monash University Universityof Adelaide S.H. Elbert G.N. O'Grady University of Hawaii University of Victoria, B.C. K.J. Franklin KL. Pike Summer Institute of Linguistics Summer Institute of Linguistics W.W.Glover E.C. Polome Summer Institute of Linguistics University of Texas G.W.Grace Gillian Sankoff University of Hawaii University of Pennsylvania M.A.K. -
Volume X – 1 Summer 2018
i CONTEMPORARY SOCIAL SCIENTIST (A National Refereed Journal) Vol :X-1 Summer 2018 ISSN No: 2230 - 956X SCHOOL OF SOCIAL SCIENCES, MIZORAM UNIVERSITY (A Central University) TANHRIL, AIZAWL – 796004 MIZORAM, INDIA ii iii CONTEMPORARY SOCIAL SCIENTIST (A National Refereed Journal) Vol :X-1 Summer 2018 ISSN No: 2230 - 956X Prof. Zokaitluangi Editor in Chief Dean, School of Social Sciences, Mizoram University & Professor, Department of Psychology, MZU SCHOOL OF SOCIAL SCIENCES MIZORAM UNIVERSITY (A CENTRAL UNIVERSITY) TANHRIL, AIZAWL – 796004 MIZORAM, INDIA e-mail : [email protected] iv v CONTEMPORARY SOCIAL SCIENTIST (A National Refereed Journal) Vol :X-1 Summer 2018 ISSN No: 2230 - 956X School of Social Editors Sciences- Convergence Editors Patron: Vice Chancellor, Mizoram University, Aizawl, India Guidelines Editor in Chief: Professor Zokaitluangi, Dean , Shool of Social Sciences, Mizoram University, Aizawl, India Archives (hard copy) Editorial boards: Prof. J.K. PatnaikDepartment of Political Science, MZU Prof. Srinibas Pathi, Head Department of Public Administration, MZU Vol: I - 1 Prof. O. Rosanga, Department of History & Ethnography, MZU Vol: I - 2 Prof. Lalrintluanga, Department of Public Administration, MZU Vol: II - 1 Prof. Lalneihzovi, Department of Public Admn, MZU Vol: II - 2 Prof. C. Lalfamkima Varte, Head, Dept. of Psychology, MZU Vol: III - 1 Prof. H.K. Laldinpuii Fente, Department of Psychology, MZU Vol: III - 2 Prof. E. Kanagaraj, Department. of Social Work, MZU Vol: IV - 1 Prof. J. Doungel, Department of Political Science, MZU Vol: IV - 2 Prof. C. Devendiran, Head, Department of Social Work, MZU Vol: V - 1 Vol: V - 2 Prof. K.V. Reddy, Head, Department of Political Science, MZU Vol: VI - 1 Dr. -
A Descriptive Grammar of Daai Chin
A DESCRIPTIVE GRAMMAR OF DAAI CHIN Helga So-Hartmann School of Oriental and African Studies University of London STEDT Monograph 7 University of California, Berkeley A DESCRIPTIVE GRAMMAR OF DAAI CHIN by Helga So-Hartmann Volume #7 in the STEDT Monograph Series 美國加州大學柏克萊分校語言學系 漢藏同源詞典研究所 Sino-Tibetan Etymological Dictionary and Thesaurus Project <http://stedt.berkeley.edu/> Department of Linguistics research unit in International and Area Studies University of California, Berkeley James A. Matisoff, Series Editor Book design by Richard S. Cook. Printing of 2009-04-19 ISBN 0-944613-46-2 ©2009 The Regents of the University of California All Rights Reserved Series Editor’s Introduction Helga So-Hartmann’s A Descriptive Grammar of Daai Chin must now be ranked as the most detailed and sophisticated grammar of a Chin language to have appeared since Eugénie J.A. Henderson's classic (1965) study of Tiddim (Northern Chin group).1 The Daai language, formerly known by rather pejorative Burmese exonyms,2 is an important member of the Southern Chin group, with about 45,000 speakers. So-Hartmann’s grammar is based on long personal experience with the Daai language, gained especially from her late husband Keng Sho, his brother Ling Sho, and a long-standing research assistant named Nääng Küüi. Her theoretical approach is eminently sensible and eclectic, incorporating insights and terminology from such typologists and theoreticians as J. Bybee, B. Comrie, S. DeLancey, T. Givón, P. Hopper, D. Peterson, S. Thompson, and R. Van Valin. Yet So-Hartmann has little interest in formalism for its own sake. She observes, e.g., that “Having two anaphors bound by the same clause mate antecedent would have serious implications for some syntactic theories”, but goes on to say that “changes to principles of binding theory are beyond the scope of this paper” (209).