1942 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 6661

the future, as such reports as this tend to The nominations of sun dry persons and GOVERNOR OF TERRITORY OF HAWAII discourage our endeavors to assist the Gov­ officers for appointment and/ or promotion in ernment in the prosecution of the war and the Navy. Ingram M. Stainback to be Governor cf to lower the confidence of our citizens in By Mr. McKELLAR, from the Committee on the Territory of Hawaii. governmental efficiency. Post Offices and Post Roads: POSTMASTERS Thanking you for your attention to the Sundry postmasters. ARKANSAS above matter, we remain Dewey Carter, Elkins. ALLEN R o GERS, Commandzr. The PRESIDING OFFICER. If there be no further reports of committees, the LOUISIANA Mr. CLARK of Missouri. Mr. Presi­ clerk will state the nominations on the Eubert M. Creel, Franklinton. dent, I asked to have that letter read at calendar. VIRGI NIA tb~ desk because, as I said, it is only one POSTMASTERS Mabel C. Croclcett, Bishop. of several similar instances which have The legislative clerk proceeded to read been called to my attention. I was in­ APPOINTMENT TO TEMPORARY .SERVICE IN THE sundry nominations of postmasters. NAVY formed by a very responsible Government Mr. RADCLIFFE. I ask unanimous official not connect€d with the C. C. C. consent that the nominations of post­ Capt. Ralph F. Wood to be a rear admiral in but connected with the Forestry Service the Navy for temporary service. to rank from masters be confirmed en bloc. May 1, 1942. that at the C. C. C. camp located near The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without Troy, Mo., when the camp was clos€d, objection, the postmaster nominations PROMOTIONS IN THE NAVY more than 200 trucks, some of them with are confirmed en bloc. MARINE CORPS practically new tires, were simply aban­ To be second lieutenants THE NAVY doned when the members of the camp Theodcre H. Abbey, Jr. walked out, and not even a caretaker was The legislative clerk read the nomi­ Robert J . Bolish left to guard that Government property. nation of Capt. Ralph F. Wood to be rear Robert B. Brown I have been informed by the Senator admiral, to rank from May 1, 1942. George H. Curtis, Jr. from Iowa [Mr. HERRING] that at Des Mr. RADCLIFFE. I ask that the nom­ Gerald P. Foster Moines a large number of trucks, 3 or 4 ination be confirmed. James W. Hendrick years old, in good condition, are about to William C. Evers The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without Donald Gatchell be junked, while at the same time the objection, the nomination is confirmed. Robert J. Kisgen post office in Des Moines is using trucks 'I:HE MARINE CORPS Merle S. Rowles 10 or 12 years old, which could be re­ Donald C. Soper placed by the other trucks. All Senators The legislative clerk proceeded to read are familiar witl:i the fact that when the st~ndry nominations in the Marine Corps. appropriation bill was passed terminat­ Mr. RADCLIFFE. I ask unanimous ing the C. C. C. an appropriation of consent that the nominations in the Ma­ $8,000,000 was made for the liquidation rine Corps be confirmed en bloc. - HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES of that agency. If the practice of de­ The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without objection, the Marine Corps nominations stroying or neglecting or abandoning MONDAY, JULY 27, 1942 Government property is as widespread a.s are confirmed en bl.oc. these instances seem_to indicate, it calls That completes the calendar. The House met at 12 o'clock neon. fc_· disciplinary action. I commend that Mr. RADCLIFFE. I ask that the Pres­ The Chaplain, Rev. James Shera Mont­ situation to the attention of the respon­ ident be immediately notified of all nom­ gomery, D. D., offered the following sible Government officials and depart­ inations this day confirmed. prayer: mental officials having jurisdiction of the The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without matter. It seems to me to b~ an ab3o­ objection, it is so ordered. Lead on, 0 Love eternal, arming us lut€ly inexcusable waste of public prop­ ADJOURNMENT TO THURSDAY with a faith deep and positive until perils erty. and dangers are past and victory breaks EXECUTIVE SESSION Mr. RADCLIFFE. As in legislative like the morning. To Thee we offer our session, I move that the Senate adjourn tribute of praise with the prayer that to­ Mr. RADCLIFFE. I move that the until Thursday :1ext. morrow may be better than today, when Senate proceed to the consideration of The motion was agreed to; and lesses them ·with shelter, (For nominations this day received and of July 23), 1942: comfort, and fadeless hope, do Thou call nominations withdrawn, see the end of PosTMASTERS to the bystander and the su!ker in am­ Senate proceedings.) ... COLORADO bush. Shake them free from the dust of EXECUTIVE REPORTS OF COMMITTEES Rice A. Palmer to be postmaster at Red-· prejudice and shame, arousing them to cliff, in the State of Colorado. hear the Macedonian cry of earth's be­ The following favorable reports of TENNESSEE nighted peoples, with their dire calam­ nominations were submitted: George D. Mcisaac to be postmaster at Sig­ ities; Oh, may they climb higher to the By Mr. WALSH, from the Committee on nal Mountain, in the State of Tennessee. virtues of gratitude and self-sacrifice­ Naval Affairs: in the name of Him who lives forever­ Rear Admiral Daniel J. Callaghan, to be a CONFffiMATIONS more. Amen. rear admiral In the Navy for temporary serv­ ice, to rank from April 26, 1942, to correct the Executive nominations confirmed by The Journal of the proceedings of Fri­ date of rank as previously nominated and the Senate July 27 (legislative day of day, July 24, 1942, was read and ap­ confirmed; and July 23), 1942: proved. 6662 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE JULY 27 MESSAGE FROM THE PRESIDENT H. R. 5695. An act to amend the Civilian braska to negotiate and enter into a com­ Pilot Training Act of 1939 so as to provide pact for the division of the waters of the A message in writing from the Presi­ for the training of civilian aviation techni­ dent of the United States was communi­ cians and mechanics. Republican River. cated to the House by Mr. Miller, one of Tile Clerk read the title of the bill. his secretaries, who also informed the PERMISSION TO ADDRESS THE HOUSE The SPEAKER. Is there objection to House that on the following dates the Mr. VOORillS of California. Mr. the request of the gentleman from President approved and signed bills and Speaker, I ask unanimous consent that Kansas? a joint resolution of the House of the today after the close of other special or­ Mr .. McCORMACK. Mr. Speaker, re­ following titles: ders I may address the House for 10 serving the right to object, this is the bill On July 15, 1942: minutes. about which the gentleman from Kansas H. R. 7282. An act to amend the act en­ The SPEAKER. Is there objection? [Mr. CARLso~ and the gentleman from titled "An Act to Incorporate the Disabled There was no objection. Colorado [Mr. LEWIS] spoke to the gen­ American Veterans of the World War," ap­ tleman from Michiga:Q [Mr. MICHENER], proved June 17, 1932, so as to change the RUSSIA'S POSITION IN THE WAR the acting minority leader, and myself? name to "Disabled American Veterans" and Mr. HOLLAND. Mr. Speaker, I ask Mr. CARLSON. If the gentleman will to extend m3mbership eligibility therein to unanimous consent to address the Fouse permit, I will state that is the biU about American citizens, honorably discharged which the gentleman from Coloradc.. [Mr. from the active military or naval forces of for 1 minute and to revise and extend my the United States, or of some country allied remarkS. LEwrs] and I spoke; and if permission with the United States, who have been either The SPEAKER. Is there objection? is granted to take this up and pass it, I wounded, injured, or disabled by reason of There was no objection. will ask unanimous consent to substitute such active service during time of war. Mr. HOLLAND. Mr. Speaker, I need a similar Senate bill that has already On July 17, 1942: not tell anyone in this House just how been passed. H. R. 4314. An act authorizing the States of grim the news is from the fighting fronts. Mr. McCORMACK. Mr. Speaker, I Minnesota and Wisconsin, jointly or sepa­ The valiant Russian armies, after-13 withdraw my reservation of objection. rately, to acquire bridges now existing or to The SPEAKER. Is there objection to construct, maintain, and operate a free high­ months of dogged resistance to the full way bridge across the Saint Croix River, also weight of the Nazi war machine, are the request of the gentleman from known as Lake Saint Croix, at or near Hud­ fighting with incredible courage-but Kansas? son, Wisconsin. they are fighting alone. There was no objection. on July 20, 1942: The cause of the United Nations de­ Mr. CARLSON. Mr. Speaker, I ask H. R. 5000. An act conferring jurisdiction pends upon the survival of the Russian unanimous consent to substitute an iden­ upon the United States District Court for the armies as a fighting unit-tying down tical Senate bill, S. 2604. Eastern District of Michigan to hear, deter­ The SPEAKER. Is there objection to mine, and render judgment upon the claim and wasting the bulk of the German wehrmacht. the request of the gentleman from of Ferd W. Melle, of Detroit, Michigan; and Kansas? H. R. 7242. An act to authorize temporary It is vital to us to keep Russia in the appointments in the Army of the United war. Everyone knows that. There was no objection. States of officers on duty with the Medical The country is impatient for action. The Clerk read the Senate bill, as Administrative Corps. So are the British people. The Russian follows: On July 21, 1942: people, so every correspondent tells us, Be it enacted, etc., That consent of Con­ H. R. 4355. An act for the relief of Bella fight on in the hope that help is com­ gress is hereby given to the States of Colo­ Cosgrove; ing-that we will strike Hitler in the rado, Kansas, and Nebra ~: ka to negotiate and H. R. 5496. An act for the relief of Cecile west, divide his forces, and make possible enter into a compact not later than June 1, McLaughlin; and 1945, providing for an equitable division and H. R. 6077 An act for the relief of Edward P. the final offensives, both east and west, apportionment among the said States of the P..eilly. which will utterly crush the Nazis. waters of the Republican River and all of its On July 22, 1942: I wonder if the Russian morale­ tributaries above its junction with the H. R. 3173. An act for the relief of Mrs. superb as it has been-can stand up if SmokJ Hill River in Kansas, upon condition Charles 0. DeFord; we fail to act to give them some relief. that one suitable person, who shall be ap­ H. R. 5317. An act for the relief of Mrs. I wonder if we can win the war if pointed by the President of the United Jessie A. Beechwood; Russia is eliminated as a first-class States, shall participate in said negotiations H. R. 5385. An act for the relief of Charles military power. as the representative of the United States E. Yates and the Motor Facts Sales Co.; and shall make report to Congress of the pro­ H. R. 5392. An act to convey certain prop­ This may be our last chance. We must <.eedings and of any compact entered into: erty to the Southwest Texas State Teachers not be "too little or too late." Provided, That any such compact shall not College; and I know that the President, our Com­ be binding or obligatory upon any of the par­ H. R. 6709. An act making appropriations mander in Chief, realizes the terrible ties thereto unless and until the ssme shall for the Department of Agriculture for the urgency of the situation. I know that if have been ratified by the legislature of each fiscal :,rear ending June 30, 1943, and for a blow is to be struck at Germany on of said States and approved by the Congress other purposes. the Continent of Europe, it must come o1 the United States. On July 23, 1942: as a surprise. We cannot share in the SEc. 2. There is hereby authorized to be H. R. 6999. An act to promote the national secrets of war. I know the difficulties­ appn priated a sufficient sum to pay the sal­ defense and to promptly facilitate and pro­ ary and expenses of the representative of the tect the t:»ansport of materials and supplies the tremendous difficulties involved. United s~ates appointed hereunder.: Provided, needful to the Military Establishment by au­ But this Nation of ours has a habit That such representative, if otherwise em­ thorizing the construction and operation of of overcoming difficulties. ployed by the United States, while so em­ a pipe line and a navigable barge channel I express the hope of the people of ployed shall not receive additional salary in across Florida, and by deepening and enlarg­ my district and, I am sure, the hope of the appointment hereunder. ing the Intracoastal Waterway from its pres­ people everywhere that we will meet this The bill was ordered to be read a third ent eastern terminus to the vicinity of the crisis in the· war with American dash, Mexican border; and time, was read the third time, and· American skill, and American courage. passed, and a motion to reconsider was H. J. Res. 318. Joint resolution to amend This is the time for thinking like Ad­ section 1700 (a) (1) of the Internal Revenue laid on the table. COde to extend to the members of the armed miral Farra~ut's- A similar House bill, H. R. 7255, was forces of the United Nations the exemption Damn the torpedoes! Full speed ahead! laid on the table. from the tax on admissions in cases where [Here the gavel fell.J Mr. CARLSON. Mr. Speaker, I ask admission is free, and to exempt from tax unanimous consent at this point to insert the amount paid for admissions to theaters COMPACTS BETWEEN STATES OF COLO­ the committee report. and other activities operated by the War De­ RADO, KANSAS, AND NEBRASKA RELA­ The SPEAKER. Without objection, it partment or the Navy Department within TIVE TO REPUBLICAN RIVER posts, camps, reservations, and other areas is so ordered. maintained by the Mil1tary or Naval Estab­ Mr. CARLSON. Mr. Speaker, I ask There was no objection. . lishment. unanimous consent for the immediate The report is as follows: On July 24, 1942: consideration of the bill (H. R. 7255) The Committee on Irrigation and Recla­ H. R. 4370. An act for the relief of Charles granting the consent of Congress to the mation, to whom was referred the bill (H. R. L.Lair; and States of Colorado, Kansas, and Ne- 7255) granting the consent of Congress to 1942 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 6663 the States of Colorado, Kansas, and Nebraska mission and also the unanimous approval Mr. ANGELL. Mr. Speaker, on July to negotiate and enter into a compact for the of the committee. 24 I · secured permission to extend an division of the waters of the Republican River, having considered the same, report Under the present law section 219 re­ article in the RECORD. The article ex­ favorably thereon without amendment and lates to motor vehicles Subsection 20, ceeds· the limit. I am advised it will recommend that the bill do pass. subdivisions 11 and 12 of part I, are in­ cost $135. I again ask unanimous con­ A report from the Secretary of the Interior cluded in the motor-vehicle law. This sent that the article may be inserted in was submitted to the committee and con­ section, however, refers to this section in the Appendix of the RECORD. sidered in connection with this bill. The re­ the act instead of part I. The purpose The SPEAKER. Without objection, it port follows: is simply to make a correct reference, so is so ordered. THE SECRETARY OF THE INTERIOR, that it will read "section 20, subdivisions There was no objection. washington, July 13, 1942, 11 and 12, of part I" instead of "in the Mr. REED of New York. Mr. Speaker, Hon. CoMPTON I. WHITE, act." I ask unanimous consent to extend my Chairman, Committee on Ir- The other amendment is simply a ref­ rigation and Reclamation, own remarks in the Appendix of the House of Representatives. erence to designate properly the ante­ RECORD and to include therein a news­ MY DEAR MR. WHITE: I have receive·d your cedent of "the carrier." "The carrier" paper article. letter of June 24, enclosing, for my report, referred to has no antecedent. The The SPEA!GiR. Without objection, it a copy of H. R. 7255, granting the consent of actual antecedent is "forwarder." This is so ordered. Congress to the States of Colorado, Kansas, bill would simply amend the law to make There was no objection. and Nebraska to negotiate and enter into a it conform, to correct that error. Mr. GEARHART. Mr. Speaker, I ask compact for the division of the waters of the Mr. MICHENER. I may say to the unanimous consent to extend my own re­ Republican River. There is no objection to the enactment of gentleman from California that the gen­ marks and to include therein an editorial the bill. Last October this Department made tleman from New Jersey [Mr. WoLVER­ from the Oil, Paint, and Drug Reporter its views known on H. R. 4647, a bill assent­ TON], a member of the committee, tele­ entitled "Whose Flag Is It?" ing to a compact theretofore made by these phoned me that he was detained by other The SPEAKER. Without objection, it States as to the Republican River. That bill, committee work; that he has no objec­ is so ordered. enacted without the incorporation of some tion to the bi11 and thinks this correction There was no objection. amendments thought desirable for the pro­ should be made. I therefore withdraw Mr. SPRINGER. Mr. Speaker, I ask tection of several diverse Federal interests, my reservation of objection. unanimous consent to extend my own was vetoed. But this Departm~nt then and remarks and include therein an editorial now is interested in having a compact nego­ The SPEAKER. Is there objection to tiated and approved. I am hopeful that the present consideration of the bill? from the Fort Wayne News-Sentinel of under the authority of this bill, H. R. 7255, There was no objection. July 22, 1942. a satisfactory compact will result. The Clerk read the bill, as follows: The SPEAKER. Without objection, it The Bureau of the Budget has informed Be it enae;ted, etc., That section 210 of the is so ordered. me that there would be no objection to the Interstate Commerce Act, as amended, is There was no objection. submission of this report to the committee. further amended to read as follows: PRICE CONTROL AND SUBSIDIES Sincerely yours, "SEc. 219. The provisions of section 20 (11) HAROLD L. ICKES, and (12) of this act, together with such Mr. SPRINGER. Mr. Speaker, I ask Secretary of the Interior, other provisions of this act (including pen­ unanimous consent to address the House EXTENSION OF REMARKS alties) as may be necessary for the enforce­ for 1 minute and to revise and extend ment of such provisions, shall apply with my own remarks. Mr. EATON. Mr. Speaker, I ask unani­ respect to common carriers by motor vehicle mous consent to extend my remarks in with like force and effect as in the case of The SPEAKER. Without objection, it the Appendix and include therein a news­ those persons to which such provisions are is so ordered. paper article setting forth the enormous specifically applicable." There was no objection. difficulties and sacrifices made by our SEc. 2. Subsection (b) of section 417 of Mr. SPRINGER. Mr. Speaker, I have the Interstate Commerce Act, as amended, received a telegram from the Indiana citizens in attempting to put into effect is amended by striking out the word "car­ the rationing program. Canners Association, Inc., and from rier" where it appears therein and iJ?,serting many independent canning associations. The SPEAKER. Is there objection? in lieu thereof the words "freight forwarder." I am in full accord with these messages. There was no objection. With the following committee amend­ I desire to read the telegram just re­ Mr. ALLEN of Louisiana. Mr. Speaker, ments: Page 1, line 5, after "(12) ", in­ ceived from the Indiana Canners Asso­ I ask unanimous consent that my col­ sert "of part I." ciation: league the gentleman from Louisiana Page 1, line 6, strike out the words INDIANAPOLIS, IND., July 24, 1942. [Mr. BoGGS] may have permission to ex­ "this act" where they appear the sec­ Hon. RAYMOND S. SPRINGER, tend his remarks in the RECORD by in­ ond time and insert in lieu thereof the House of RepTesentatives, cluding a radio speech he made Saturday washington, D. C.: words "such part." Indiana canners are definitely opposed to night. The amendments were agreed to. the use of subsidies to industry as a method The SPEAKER. Without objection, it The bill was ordered to be read a third of correcting impossible ceiling situations. is so ordered. time, was read the third time, and Subsidies are ruinous to both industry and There was no objection. passed, and a motion to reconsider was the Treasury unless accurately applied, and laid on the table. such accuracy would require another army of CORRECTION OF CERTAIN CLERICAL accountants and investigators. . Canners ERRORS IN THE INTERSTATE COM­ The title of the bill was amended so merely want a fair chance to produce and MERCE ACT as to read: "An act to amend sec­ preserve the much-needed food and do not Mr. LEA. Mr. Speaker, I ask unani­ tion 219 of the Interstate Commerce want to be dependent on the public Treasury mous consent for the immediate consid­ Act, as amended, by inserting 'of part or to have the detailed management of their I' after '02) ,' and to amend subsection business directed by a Washington bureau. eration of the bill (S. 2642) to amend sec­ (b) of section 417 of such act by chang­ We urgently petition you to immediately do tion 219 of the Intersate Commerce Act, everything possible to kill this plan which as amended, by changing a reference to ing a reference from 'carrier' to 'freight we understand is to be finally approved or "such part" to "this act," and to amend forwarder'." disapproved next Monday by the Secretary of subsection (b) of section 417 of the Inter­ EXTENSION OF REMARKS Agriculture. state Commerce Act by changing a refer­ INDIANA CANNERS ASSOCIATION, INC., (Mr. MANAsco asked and was given A. F. DRYER, Secretary. ence therein from "carrier" to "freight permission to extend his own remarks forwarder." in the Appendix of the RECORD.) ESTABLISHING A WESTERN FRONT Mr. MICHENER. Mr. Speaker, re­ Mr. CELLER. Mr. Speaker, I ask Mr. RANKIN of Mississippi. Mr. serving the right to object, will the gen­ unanimous consent to extend my own Speaker, I ask unanimous consent to ad­ tleman explain the bill? remarks in the RECORD on the subject of dress the House for 1 minute and to Mr. LEA. This bill is intended to cor­ espionage and sabotage. revise and extend my remarks. rect two errors in references in the Inter­ The SPEAKER. Without objection, it The SPEAKER. Without objection, it state Commerce Act. It has the ap­ is so ordered. is so ordered. proval of the Interstate Commerce Com- There was no objection. There was no objection. 6664 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE JULY 27 £Mr. RANKIN of Mississippi addressed "We must then feel sorry not only .for the The SPEAKER. Is there objection to the House. His remarks appear in the Democratic Party and the President but the request of the gentleman from Appendix.] for all America and the United Nations, Michigan [Mr. MICHENER}? EXTENSION OF REMARKS because rubber is one of the most impor~ There was no objection. tant critical materials which we must Mr. MICHENER. Mr. Speaker, I ask Mr. BLOOM. Mr. Speaker, I ask have to win this war and to maintain the unanimous consent that I may be per­ unanimous consent to extend my remarks economic activities on the home front mitted to extend my own remarks in the in the REcoRD and to include therein sev­ which are fundamental in our war ef­ RECORD and include an editorial. eral addresses and editorials relating to fort." The rubber question has been The SPEAKER. 1 Is there objection to the recent visits of Their Majesties, King studied and investigated and explored the request of the gentleman from Mich­ George of Greece. and King Peter of for many months. The country wants igan [Mr. MICHENER]? Yugoslavia, and also of the Prime Min­ no further time wasted in sterile inves­ There was no objection. I ister of Greece. also ask unanimous tigations of a problem which Congress THE JAPANESE QUESTION consent to include the text of a joint has already thoroughly studied and for statement issued by the President and which Congress has now passed legisla­ Mr. PIERCE. Mr. Speaker, I ask the King of Greece, and a speech deliv­ tion providihg an effective remedy. unanimous consent to proceed for 1 minute. ered by the Minister of Greece. EXTENSION OF REMARKS The SPEAKER. Is there objection to The SPEAKER. Is there objection to the request of the gentleman from New Mr. WOODRUFF of Michigan. Mr. the request of the gentleman from Ore­ York [Mr. BLOOM]? Speaker, I have three requests. I ask gon £Mr. PIERCE]? There was no objection. unanimous consent to extend my own re­ There was no objection. Mr. McMILLAN. Mr. Speaker, I ask marks in the REcoRD and to include Mr. PIERCE. Mr. Speaker, a little unanimous consent to extend my own re­ therein an editorial and a short quotation more than 40 years ago the Supreme marks in the RECORD and to include an from Daniel Webster's eulogy of George Court of the United States decided in a editorial. Washington. celebrated case that a child of Chinese The SPEAKER. Is there objection to The SPEAKER. Is there objection to parents or Japanese parents who could the request of the gentleman from South the request of the gentleman from Mich­ not become citizens of this country Carolina [Mr. McMILLAN]? igan [Mr. WOODRUFP]? would be a citizen if born in the United There was no objection. There was no objection. States. In other words, Japanese or Mr. WOODRUFF of Michigan. Mr. Chinese children born in the United CONGRESS SOLVES THE RUBBER Speaker, I also·ask unanimous consent to States were held to be citizens. There PROBLEM extend my own remarks in the RECORD by was a divided opinion of the SUpreme Mr. MUNDT. Mr. Speaker, I ask printing a short article by Frank C. Court. Justice Harlan and Chief Justice unanimous consent to proceed for 1 min­ Waldrop. Fuller rendered a dissenting opinion. ute. The SPEAKER. Is there objection to Since some 30 years ago such citizen­ The SPEAKER. Is there objection to the request of the gentleman from Mich­ ship rights have been a very live ques­ the request of the gentleman from South igan [Mr. WOODRUFF}? tion on the Pacific coast. I was a mem­ Dakota [Mr. MUNDT]? There was no objection. ber of the Oregon Legislature nearly 30 There was no objection. Mr. WOODRUFF of Michigan. Mr. years ago, at which time the first such Mr. MUNDT. Mr. Speaker, since the Speaker, I also ask unanimous consent citizenship and property laws were in­ House completed congressional action to extend my own remarks in the RECORD troduced. The national administration last Friday to bring some semblance of by printing memorandum No. 2 of the under the leadership of President Wilson order out of the chaotic rubber situation Drive for the New Order, by George N. asked Oregon not to pass them, but they a::1a to set up a rubber supply agency to Peek~ of Moline, ill., and to include a tel­ became the law in our State. start producing synthetic rubber from egram from Mr. Peek, and a short article The author of those laws ts now an farm products, there have been many by Kingsbury Smith, taken from the Los attorney in Portland, Oreg. He has re­ newspaper rumors that the President in­ Angeles Examiner of July 14, 1942. c~tly delivered a remarkable address tends to veto this highly important war The SPEAKER. Is there obJection to before an American Legion post in measure and to appoint still another in­ the request o:f the gentleman from Mich­ Oregon. vestig~ting committee _to stall action on igan [Mr. W? plished. We emphasized the fact that for fuel and industrial uses in the States Mr. ANGELL. I agree with the gen­ the west coast is considered a strategic of Oregon and Washington? tleman, but is it not the gentleman's military area and possible combat zone Mr. SMITH of Washington. I have opinion that the Pacific coast delegation and that this should be taken into ac­ been advised by the Oil Coordinator that certainly took the proper course when so count at all times. We are gratified that all the necessary steps have been taken early in the prosecution of the war they those in high positions of responsibility and are being taken toward assuring that took up the defense of the Pacific coast are fully cognizant of our situation and we will have, in our section of the coun­ area and insisted on adequate protec­ are sympathetic with· our viewpoint in try, an adequate supply of fuel oil and tion; and, also, is it not the opinion of this regard. petroleum during the winter months, the gentleman that by reason of subse­ USE OF WOOD PRODUCTS particularly, as to which, of course, we quent events we must keep on the alert, are most concerned. and that we must go upon the theory As my colleagues are aware, I have Mr. ANGELL. May I say to the gen­ that it is very proba}?le that an attack been advocating for over 2 years an all­ tleman that recently an order was issued will be made on our coast area, and that out wooden shipbuilding program to sup­ amending an order theretofore issued­ we must be in a position to defend our­ plement our steel construction program. L-56, I believe. is the number-that per­ selves if that takes place? Recently the Bureau of Ships, Navy De­ mitted the furnishing of only 50 percent Mr. SMITH of Washington. I agree partment, authorized the construction of of the oil supply received during the with the gentleman, and I think that ·patrol boats and small auXiliary craft of same month of the preceding year, and events to date have certainly vindicated wood, following the action of the United this has been changed with reference to and justified the action which our com­ States Maritime Commission iri letting Oregon and Washington, permitting fuel mittees have taken during the past 7 contracts for the construction of wooden oil now to come in in full quantity, and months. We have presented our needs barges, which is gratifying to those of us all the users are not only permitted but fully to those in authority and have every who have been urging the utilization of urged to fill all of their storage capacity reason to believe that adequate prepara­ wood. so they may have stored on hand as tion is being made to meet those needs. On June C at a meeting of the Pacific much of that fuel as possible for winter. However, I would like to see a little more coast congressional group, I was ap­ I took this up personally with the Oil speed and action, myself. pointed chairman of a subcommittee to Coordinator's office and was assured Mr. COFFEE of Washington. Will the promote the use of wood products, in­ the modification would be made which gentleman yield? cluding cargo carrie::.J, and the gentle­ later· was done. Mr. SMITH of Washington. Yes. I man from Oregon, Representative HoMER Mr. SMITH of Washington. The gen­ yield to the gentleman who has served D. ANGELL, and the gentleman from Cali­ tleman is correct, and I think that action so actively on all of these committees, fornia, Representative THOMAS ROLPH, was taken largely as a result of the ef­ and manifested such a great interest in were appointed members to serve with forts of the gentleman and myself, as providing necessary protection for the me. We are hopeful that cargo carriers well as other Members representing the Pacific Northwest. will also be built of wood, in view of the States of Oregon and Washington. He Mr. COFFEE of Washington. I ap­ growing shortage of steel for all pur­ succeeded in obtaining this concession · preciate the gentleman's encomium, but poses, and intend to continue our ef­ from the Oil Coordinator particularly I wish to interrogate the gentleman about forts to bring this about. affecting the Portland-Vancouver area. his activity in connection with wooden Mr. ANGELL. Mr. Speaker, will the Mr. ANGELL. If I may interpose pipes as a possible use for the transmis­ gentleman yield? further, with reference to the supplying sion of oil from one State to another. Mr. SMITH of Washington. I yield to of gas masks and helmets, as the gen­ I know the gentleman is interested in my colleague from Oregon who has served tleman has already detailed, our com­ that subject, because in his own district so actively on these west coast defense mittee did considerable work; and is it at Vancouver, in the State of Washing­ committees. the gentleman's understanding now that ton, there is a plant already in operation Mr. ANGELL. I want to commend a sufficient quantity of this equipment manufacturing wooden pipe. The gen­ the gentleman from Washington for his will be constructed and housed at critt­ tleman knows of my activities in that zeal in·the work he has been doing, par­ cal places in the territory, so it may be connection, and I am sure the gentleman ticularly with reference to the needs of obtained quickly in the event of an has likewise been active, perhaps more so our Pacific coast area and these most im­ attack? in connection with the development of portant problems. May I ask the gen­ Mr. SMITH of Washington. As the wooden pipe and its possible use for an tleman if the shipbuilding program with gentleman will recall, inasmuch as he oil pipe line. respect to the building of wooden ships was present at our conferences, we were Mr. SMITH of Washington. That which we of the Pacific coast delegation given assurances that that would be done. very matter was considered at a meeting have suggested and urged from the outset I will say, however, that since reading a of the Committee on Rivers and Harbors, is now going forward, as he understands recent Associated Press dispatch within of which I am a member, and the testi­ it? the past week from Los Angeles quoting mony developed during those hearings Mr. SMITH of Washington. It is my Lt. Col. E. K. Merritt, United States clearly indicated that wooden pipes were understanding, I will say to my colleague Army Air Forces, I have been just a little practical, that there was no sound argu­ from Oregon, that the matter is going disturbed and concerned about this mat­ ment that could be advanced against forward and is being very seriously ter. Accurding to this Associated Press their use. We were also informed by the studied and considered by the Maritime dispatch, Colonel Merritt, in addressing Assistant Oil Coordinator, when he testi­ Commission, particularly by the tech­ a school of emergency protection for Los fied before our committee, that it was nicians connected with that Commission. Angeles industries and public buildings, the intention of his agency to recom­ Mr. ANGELL. May I say, if the gen­ warned: mend the use of wooden. pipes, in view tleman will yield further, I understand The enemy certainly is not going to let our of the growing shortage of metals. So that contracts have already been let or tremendous aircraft production continue on I feel i;hat we have made very satisfac­ recommended in the Columbia River the coast without trying to put a crimp in tory progress in that respect. I know area for some types of craft constructed it. An air attack on the coast may be ex­ that the gentleman has firms at Tacoma of wood which may be used in the trades pected at any time. • • • The Army bas in his district which are also in a posi­ in substitution for the tankers. every reason to believe that gas will be used. tion to furnish wooden pipes as well as Mr. SMITH of Washington. The gen­ If Colonel Merritt is correct, then I the firms which are located in my dis­ 'tleman is correct; bids have been called certainly take the position-and I know trict. It rather seems that there has· for. my colleagues from our section of the been a prejudice against the use of wood Mr. ANGELL. The gentleman will re­ country will agree with me-that the ar­ for any and all purposes-barges, ships, call also that we suggested the possibility rangements that.are being made for fur- pipes,· and everything else-but we are 1942 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 6671 gradually_breaking down that prejudice three States of Washington, Oregon, and become seriously involved in the last by our patient and persistent efforts. California have been on the alert and World War, commenced preparations Mr. HILL of Washington. Mr. we shall continue to be just that. Per­ for the present conflict and has been pre­ Speaker. will the gentleman yield? sonally, I wish to say that I have never paring on a huge scale for over 25 years. Mr. SMITH of Washington. Yes. in my life had the privilege of working The Germans have been preparing for Mr. HILL of Washington. Does the with a group of more earnest, sincere, total war for the past 10 years. Japan gentleman not think we ought to have and patriotic men, every one of whom and Germany have accumulated vast had at least $12,000,000 for the protection has the welfare of his country and the quantities of weapons of war and war of forests along the Pacific coast during people whom he represents at heart and materials of all kinds. They have there­ this summer? uppermost in his endeavors. fore been in a position to take the ini­ Mr. SMITH of Washington. I agree DEFENSES FOR SOUTHWEST WAS"IDNGTON tiative and to concentrate their weapons with my colleague who was very indus­ I represent in Congress the coastal at the points and in the places where they trious during the time that he was the district in the southwestern section of can infiict the most damage, while we chairman of our subcommittee in seek­ the State of Washington, which is con­ and our allies have had to scatter our ing increased appropriations for forest­ sidered to be most vulnerable to attack weapons over half the world. fire control and protection. by the enemy and which, according to However, the factories and machinery Mr. HILL of Washington. And this Homer Lea and all the military experts, with which aircraft, vessels, guns, tanks, is the time of year· when the danger is· is most likely to be the first to be at­ and naval ships are being •.Jroduced are the greatest out there? tacked and bombed by the Japanese if now going full blast, the wheels are turn­ Mr. SMITH of washington. That is · they attempt -an invasion of the Pacific ing, and the most colossal war stores and correct, due to the dryness and lack of Coast States. I have, therefore, been war output the world has ever witnessed rainfall during July and August. vigilant and diligent in seeking to secure is now fiowing from our production and Mr. HILL of Washington. And sec­ the strongest possible defenses for this assembly lines and this output will ondly, the danger from Japanese sab­ area and feel that my efforts in this re­ increase steadily. oteurs who- might get into the picture gard have been highly successful. I be­ Our country in World War No. 1 did there. lieve that I do not exaggerate when I say not make a start that even begins to com­ Mr. SMITH of Washington. Yes; sab­ that as a direct result of my constant pare with the effort that is now under oteurs could set tires more easily now and persistent efforts our southwest way and will come to full fruition in the and the danger from incendiary bombs Washington district is now more strongly coming months. We have never before would be greater. defended, both by men and equipment, showed the vrorld what we can do with Mr. HILL of Washington. It is an old than any other similar section of the our immense resources of men, materials, saying, and it is true, is it not, that an entire country. These defenses are being and machinery once we have made up ounce of prevention is worth a pound of further strengthened and augmented our minds and hearts to conquer our cure? just as speedily as the equipment can be foes. The final results of our present Mr. SMITH of Washington. I abso­ made available. Troops of armed sol­ all-out war victory effort is going to lutely agree with my colleague, and say diers, tanks, machine guns, antiaircraft startle and baftle our enemies and amaze that while there is no question that we guns, and fortifications are being rapidly the whole world. We are going to over­ should have had $12,000,000, and even increased. Every modern military device take the Japanese and the Nazis and as the $18,000,000 originally recommended is being provided in our section, includ­ soon as we do, we will be victorious and by the ·Forest Service for the entire ing numerous listening devices and in­ the war w111 end. Nation. terceptors for the detection of approach­ [Here the gavel fell.] Mr. HILL of Washington. That is for ing aircraft, Navy patrol planes, light and The SPEAKER pro tempore. Under the whole country. heavy bombing and pursuit planes, sub­ previous order of the House, the Chair Mr. SMITH of Washington. Which marine nets and mines to protect our recognizes the gentleman from California we urged upon the Bureau of the Budget harbors and waterways. Every possible [Mr. GEARHART] for 15 minutes. and the Committee on Appropriations safeguard is being taken for the security RUBBER when the gentleman was present and and adequate protection of our com­ made these presentations himself; still Mr. GEARHART. Mr. Speaker, ever munities. I intend to continue to vigor­ since the disaster at Pearl Harbor the the fact remains, that if we had not been ously put forth every effort I can to in­ as alert and vigilant as we were, we necessity for finding new sources of rub­ sure that this degree of preparation for ber has been apparent to everyone. Al­ would not have received the $8,000,000 any and every eventuality shall be fur­ that we are going to have available now, though nearly 8 months have gone by, but would probably have had to be con­ ther intensified. very little has been accomplished-so I have received many valuable sugges­ little that the people are beginning to tent with a few million dollars: Is not tions and items of information relating that correct? wonder if this all-important problem of to our defense and all-out victory pro­ rubber is ever to be solved. Mr. HILL of Washington. That is a gram from citizens and organizations in poor policy upon the part of the Director The reasons for this inordinate delay our district, and I hope that I may be are probably many in number, but it is of the Budget to wait until the next defi­ favored with many more of them in the ciency bill before putting in the item. decidedly the opinion of the American future. The contents of these communi­ people that that delay has been caused Mr. SMITH of Washington. I agree cations are immediately conveyed and with the gentleman. and I hope that no in part, if not entirely, by a seemingly transmitted by me to those departments indeterminable and a thoroughly inde­ loss or destruction results from the delay. of the Government directly concerned Mr. VOORHIS of California. Mr. fensible argument between those who and who are in a position to act promptly prefer the petroleum process and those Speaker, will the gentleman yield? and effectively in regard thereto. Mr. SMITH of Washington. Yes. who believe that the alcohol method is WE ARE GOING TO WIN THE WAR better. Mr. VOORHIS of California. I thank the gentleman for his fine speech on this Here in Washington, D. C., there is Synthetic rubber can be produced matter of forest protection. real ground for optimism in regard to either from petroleum or from alcohol. our country's war effort. This feeling Personally, I do not care from which OUR COMMITTEES ARE ON THE ALERT of optimiSm is predicated upon the sub­ source it 1s derived. In respect to rub­ Mr. SMITH of Washington. Mr. stantial results gradually being revealed ber, there is only one thing in which the Speaker, I thank my colleague from Cal­ and upon the immediate outlook for American people are interested, and that il'ornia, whose efforts in behalf of his gradual results. We are now producing is a quick production of this critical ma­ own State and district have proved most more new armaments and implements of terial from whatever source it can be effective. The foregoing is a very brief warfare than Germany's Europe and obtained. and incomplete outline of the multifari­ Japan combined. Our enemies are at Fortunately, the reasons for these ous work and numerous activities of the their maximum, while our country is just heart-breaking delays, discouraging west coast defense committees, but it starting on a total all-out war scale. though they may have been during the does give some indication of the fact We must bear in mind that Japan, days recently gone by, can now be safely that the Members pf Congress from the when it became clear that she would not disregarded in the light of that which 6672 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE JULY 27 has transpired. No purpose could be Even though an abundance of wheat is city of Fresno, in the central part of served in the use of the invective, in­ there awaiting utilization, and even California. Here is the center of the criminations, or blame placing. Let us though every other facility for the quick vineyard industry of this country; here turn our attention to getting rubber and changing of that wheat into alcohol is at Fresno the Government of the United getting it just as quickly as we can. available and ready for use, we observe States already owns a four-story, rein­ True, the petroleum and the industrial­ the astonishing performance of agents forced-concrete factory building which alcohol groups have warred on each other. of the War Production Board running in is fully equipped with boilers for power, Each has contended vigorously, but not and around and among the vineyards of fully equipped with dehydrators and too intelligently, for its favored process. California in a wild and frantic effort to other machinery which would be useful We need not further concern ourselves persuade the hardy distillers of that great in a synthetic-rubber operation, a fac­ with any phase of this controversy which State to give up their stills, to strip them­ tory which could within 30 or 40 days be never should have been permitted to de­ selves of their ability to contribute to the converted into a styrene-butadiene syn­ velop. Merely should we, as we contem­ winning of the war through the produc­ thetic-rubber plant. But all this not­ plate sorrowfully what it has wrought, tion of alcohol, to consent to the removal withstanding, these Federal agents con­ regret the delay it has caused, get under of their stills to the Middle West and to tinue to run up and down and across the way as fast as we can-and produce the far East to be there fitted into an vineyard country of California in this rubber. alcohol-producing program that is today mad effort to induce these California One of the reasons that we, the people, not yet out of the blue-print stage. vintners to give up their stills so that can ignore this controversy arises out of Those stills that I have just called atten­ they, the stills, may be fitted into an al­ the fact that both the petroleum incus­ tion to are already in place, already in cohol-producing program which has not try and the alcohol groups have won their operation, already producing. Even yet been worked out, a program which respective battles. We are to have rub­ though these stills are ready to re­ has not yet reached the so-called blue­ ber from toth alcohol and from oil, and ceive the sirup from this wheat and to print stage. both groups should, therefore, be very convert it into alcohol, we have Federal Mr. CARLSON. Mr. Speaker, will the happy in their respective fields of en­ agents, representing the War Production gentleman yield? deavor. Board, so I am told, out there trying to Mr. GEARHART. I yield gladly. Because of the shortness of my time, bring about their dismantlement, trying Mr. CARLSON. I could not help I am going to discuss only the alcohol to render impotent the· most promising doing a little figuring as the gentleman process, as the petroleum process is in alcohol operation in America, trying to was discussing this problem. The 60,- good hands, in the hands of those who fit them into a program that is still in the 000,000 bushels of wheat, which the gen­ will do their jobs well-get us rubber by dream stage, still on paper, as planners tleman said is rapidly deteriorating in that method in great quantities in the · would say. western warehouses, would make 150,- shortest possible time. We need alcohol and we need it right 000,000 gallons of alcohol, which in turn I have now, as I have always in the now. In the light of our necessities, no could be utilized to produce 180,000 tons past, grea ·~ confidence in the ability of slowing-up process, such as that which of butadiene. They tell us that 700,000 the Coordinator of Petroleum, Han. Har­ these misguided Federal agents are en­ tons of rubber will be sufficient to tide old L. Ickes, to properly handle any re­ deavoring to promote, should be tolerated us over in both our war and domestic sponsibility that may be his promptly, at this time. If it is delay that they were effort next year. The production pro­ efficiently, and well. The handling of the deliberately seeking, they could not pos­ gram which the gentleman from Califor­ rubber production problem will be no ex­ sibly have selected a better method. nia advocates is indeed an important ception in this instance. He can be de­ Wheat cannot be put right into the one, which should not be lightly passed pended upon to do his part efficiently still. Before it can be converted into over. and well. alcohol it must be convPrted into sirup. Mr. GEARHART. I thank the gen­ As for his deputy coordinator, I have Out on the Pacific coast, at San Fran­ tleman from Kansas for his contribution. that great respect for and confidence in cisco to be exact, are five of the greatest In addition to that, Mr. Speaker, we Ralph L. Davies that can only be de­ sugar refineries to be found in the United have nearly the same number of bushels rived from intimate association and life­ States; great sugar refineries that are of wheat ripening, wheat which will be long acquaintance. I know of no more just waiting to receive this grain and to ready for harvest. in just a few weeks' intelligent, no more loyal, no more Effi­ convert it into sirup, the sirup which, in time. This will add to the problem inso­ cient gentleman in the public service. turn, can be converted into alcohol. far as storage is concerned, but at the His disinterestedness, his· patriotic zeal, Though we have in the central part same time it will double our alcohol­ his unselfish devotion to the cause we all of California and adjacent to these sugar producing capacity and double the . hold near and dear will never be ques­ refineries over 134 licensed fruit distil­ amount of crude rubber that a carefully tioned by any of those who have known leries, each one ready to receive and planned production program is capable. him. convert its share of the sirup into pre­ of. \Vith the petroleum phases of the rub­ cious alcohol, these Federal officials go But this 18 not the entire picture. At ber problem in such good hands and out blandly about trying to break up a pro­ Los Angeles, but a few miles south of of the wai for the time being, I want to cedural program that is a "natural"; Fresno, there are four great rubber-tire address myself to the other process, the trying to prevent the utilization of these factories which are operated by the alcohol way. I am interested in the alco­ facilities in the quick conversion of the greatest tire companies in the United hol process simply because I believe we wheat into sirup and the sirup into States; great factories, which are now, can get synthetic rubber quicker and alcohol. for want of raw rubber, running only faster through the use of that formula The transportation facilities on the part time; great factories which are just than by pursuing any other method coast are completely adequate and ready waiting for an opportunity to convert which has been devised by man. to meet every demand upon them. Not the raw synthetic rubber into whatever In the West there are stored today only are rail facilities available, but the products the Army and Navy and our over 60,000,000 bushels of wheat in the wineries and distilleries are in a posi­ Allies may require. warehouses. It is daily deteriorating tion to supply over 100 steel tank trucks And I must point out to you here at because of the passing of time. Not only . for the purpose of transporting the sirup this point that rubber by the alcohol this 60,000,000 bushels, but as many more from the sugar refineries to the wineries method can only be produced by mixing bushels are ripening in the fields-a crop where it can be put through the stills, a straw-colored liquid called styrene with of wheat which will be matured and tank trucks that can also be used in butadiene, which is the bottleneck ma­ ready for harvesting within the next taking the alcohol from those stills to terial insofar as the rubber program is month or so; a crop of wheat which we the synthetic rubber factory, where the concerned. Styrene is a chemical prod­ may never harvest, since there are no butadiene and styrene would be mixed uct that can be produced from either places nor containers in which to store and crude rubber produced. coal or petroleum. It will be interesting it. As is well known, storage facilities These stills which these short-sighted to note that right within this area in throughout the West are filled to over­ Federal agents would dismantle are all which the stills are now set up and ready flowing. situated in or about or adjacent to the to be used in the manufacture. of alcohol 1942 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 6673 we also have several of the greatest oil sugar refineries, stills, and factories, which thousands upon thousands of sol· fields on earth. Thus we have an ample as I have suggested, we can get rubber diers, fully equipped with mechanizations source of styrene as well as all other in­ in less than 4 months. It is not possible of all kinds, are stationed. The principle gredients essential to the production of to get rubber in so short a time in quan­ of dispersion, so essential in modern war­ synthetic rubber. Should not this for­ tities so great in any other place or under fare, applied as it would be in such an tunate combination of raw materials and any other plan in continental United operation as I propose, would afford an manufacturing · facilities be utilized in States. That is the only reason why I almost complete protection from any the interest of quick rubber rather than am today urging this program. possible enemy assault. disrupted in accordance with the whims Mr. SHORT. The Members of Con­ So I am going to conclude my remarks of a few misguided and utterly visionless gress do not prefer one process over the at this time by emphasizing by repetition bureaucratic o:fficials who have been un­ other. There should be no dispute or the program for which I contend. It is leashed to run loose upon the good people controversy at all. All that we want is based upon these coordinated and syn­ of the far West? . rubber, we want it now and we want to chronized ideas: The raw materials are Housing conditions in Fresno are ideal. get it from every source that is available. on the coast in abundance. The sirup In the event the Goverhment should Mr. GEARHART. The gentleman is conversion plants are available. Trans­ adopt the program I have outlined, over correct and I think his estimate of pub­ portation facilities, tank trucks and rail, 1,500 vacant houses will be available for lic opinion is entirely accurate. are adequate. The stills are in place immediate use for the housing of any Mr. HARTLEY. Will the gentleman ready to produce, many of them now workers that may be attracted to that yield? hot. The butadiene rubber factory community by the employment oppor­ Mr. GEARHART. I yield to the gen­ buildings are ready for immediate occu­ tunities which a rubber-production pro­ tleman from New Jersey. pation. The styrene from nearby oil gram would create. Mr. HARTLEY. Is it not a fact that fields awaits the call. The houses for [Here the gavel fell.l the con:fiict of interests is outside of the workmen are built, and homes are ready Mr. GEARHART. Mr. Speaker, I ask Congress and not in the Congress as far for immediate occupancy. The defense unanimous consent to proceed for 10 ad­ as this proposition is concerned? of the area is adequate. The rubber-tire ditional minutes. Mr. GEARHART. That is my opin­ factories at Los Angeles are standing by The SPEAKER pro tempore. Without ion. I think the gentleman from New waiting for raw rubber. All this, with a objection, it is so ordered. Jersey is entirely correct in his estimate. minimum of critical materials needed, There was no objection. Mr. BISHOP. Will the gentleman and only inconsequential financing re­ Mr. SHORT. Mr. Speaker, will the yield? quired. If these raw materials and fa­ gentleman yield? cilities are coordinated and synchronized, Mr. GEARHART. I am happy to be it means rubber production quicker than Mr. GEARHART. I yield to the gen­ able to yield to the gentle:r:nan from under any other plan that has heretofore tleman from Missouri. Illinois. been suggested by any agency of our Gov­ Mr. SHORT. I read with some sur­ Mr. BISHOP. We of the bituminous ernment or from any private sources. prise in the press on yesterday and today coal districts, too, yield to this program Let ·us not lightly disregard this pro­ i. hat the bill that passed the House day and offer the natural resources that we gram. Let us call back to Washington . before yesterday setting up this agency have. these misguided agents who are now in to produce rubber from alcohol was due Mr. GEARHART. Yes; the gentle­ California doing their utmost to break to the pressure of the farm bloc. It man's timely observation is further evi­ down the possibilities which I have out· seems to me that is a very misleading dence of the disinterestedness of the lined; by striving to induce our vineyard­ statement an1 that the American public membership of this legislative body. ists to give up their stills for transporta­ :-hould know that Representatives in both Mr. SHORT. And styrene, one of the tion to the far corners of this country Houses of the Congress who repres~nt ingredients that goes into the manufac­ for installation in plants which have not some of the largest petroleum districts in ture of rubber, is produced from coal as yet been erected, plants which are still in this country voted for and are in favor well as from petroleum? the planning stage, plants that are still of the manufacture of rubber by l oth Mr. GEARHART. That is correct, in on the blueprint table. processes; and just as the gentleman who the proportion of 25 percent styrene to Mr. BISHOP. Will the gentleman is now speaking represents a great petro­ 75 percent butadiene. yield? leum district with thousands of on· wells There is one other item which probably Mr. GEARHART. I yield to the gen· and also favors the manufacture of rub­ enters the minds of all of you as I advo­ tleman from Illinois. ber from alcohol, so do many of the mite the establishment of a critical in­ Mr. BISHOP. At a hearing the other Members of this House from other oil dustry in the far, far West. Is the area day before the Mines and Mining Com­ districts of the country in Illinois, Okla­ in which I would establish this industry mittee, the president of the Standard Oil homa, Kansas, Texas, and other States. adequately protected against a possible Co. was asked how long ago departments Mr. GEARHART. I am glad the gen­ enemy attack? May I say that in this of the United States Government had tleman from Missouri interrupted me to very area there is already established one known this formula to make synthetic bring out that point. Many Members of the greatest combat bombing bases of rubber, and the answer was "Since 1939," supported the legislation to which the the Air Service, and that all around verifying what the gentleman has just gentleman refers who, like myself, rep­ Fresno the Government has constructed told us. resent districts in the petroleum iiidus­ and is now operating numerous military Mr. GEARHART. In Russia, in Po­ try and the agricultural industry which landing and training fields. It has better land, and in Germany they have been are each of surpassing importance. To air protection than perhaps any other making rubber by this process for almost those who are situated as I am in relation section of these United States. 15 years. It is the only source of rubber to each of these great industries, for me Furthermore, I want to point out for insofar as Germany is concerned, and, to favor one at the expense of the other is the RECORD that the stills to which I have though I regr£>t the necessity of making unthinkable. We want rubber from what­ referred are not grouped together in any the acknowledgment, Hitler seems to ever source it can be obtained as fast as one place, but are scattered over vast be doing pretty well insofar as rubber we can get it. I am talking about the areas of vineyard country. There are tires and other rubber necessities ar·e alcohol process at the moment simply be­ one or two stills here and there- in small concerned. I believe the gentleman from cause I believe we can get it through this buildings, under trees, natural camou­ Illinois is quite right when he points out method quicker than through the use of · :fiage. No enemy could invade this area that we have been in full possession of any other. And if it should have ap­ by air and inflict any particular damage the alcohol-butadiene-styrene process peared to the Congress that a petroleum on any considerable number of the stills since as early as 1939. It makes us won­ bill \ras necessary to insure rubber from to which we will be looking for the alcohol der what has been holding us back all that source, I am sure that such :1. bill from which to manufacture butadiene these many months. It is high time that would have passed the House as readily without first utterly destroying our de­ we brush aside all obstacles-misguided as did the alcohol bill last week. fensive ability insofar as our coastal public officials included-and get that If the raw materials which are now on States are concerned. There are many rubber program under way. the Pacific coast are processed in the military bases within 20 or 30 miles at [Here the gavel fell.] 6674 CONGRESSIONA~ RECORD-HOUSE JULY 27 EXTENSION OF REMARKS What the Federal Government does is to to what they have now? In other words, print the bonds, interest-bearing obliga­ what increased assets would the banks have Mr. SABATH. Mr. Speaker, I ask except Government bonds? unanimous consent to revise and extend tions of the Americ~ . n people. I have the remarks I made today a: d to insert some very interesting documentary evi­ Governor Eccles replied: dence on this point that I would like to a little article from one of· the news­ They would have the Government bonds papers that is trying to po~;:e fun at read into the R:ccoRD. themselves, which would be an asset, and Members of Congress. Mr. RANKIN of Mississippi. Mr. they would have a liability, however, in the The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there Speaker, will the gentleman yield? form of a deposit. objection to the· request of the gentle­ Mr. VOORHIS of California. I yield man from Illinois [Mr. SABATH]? to the ~entleman from Mississippi. In other words, it is the Government There was no objection. Mr. RANKIN of Mississippi. Under bonds that back these extensions of Mr. · SHORT. Mr. Speaker, I ask that process, the banks are virtually col­ credit. - unanimous consent to extend my own lecting interest on their own money. A little bit later in these same hearings, remarks in the RECORD and to include Mr. VOORHIS of California. Not and I shall not read it, the gentleman two or three brief editorials. upon their own money; they are collect­ from Texas_asked a question as to what The SPEAKER pro tempcre. Is there ing interest upon the credit of the people would happen if all the excess reserves objection to the request of the gentle­ of the United States. were utilized in the purchase of Govern­ man from Missouri [Mr. SHORTJ. Mr. RANKIN of Mississippi. It is the ment bonds and still it was desired to There was no objection. same thing. They are collecting inter­ market more governments than could be Mr. VOORHIS of California. Mr.· est from the American people, you might marketed to the people directly for real Speaker, I ask unanimous consent to say, on their own money, or on the bonds money which they have earned and extend my own remarks in the RECORD, that ·they are putting up to have this saved. Governor Eccles pointed out and include therein an editorial, and to money issued to themselves. what is perfectly true under. present cir­ eKtend my own remarks in the RECORD Mr. VOORHIS of . California. Pre­ cumstances, that the Federal Reserve and include therein a portion of another cisely so. If, indeed, banks would have Board could reduce the reserve -require­ editorial. need of cash money, they then are privi­ ments; that reserve. requirements under The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there leged to use these very same bonds as present law could be reduced to half objection to the request of the gentle­ collateral for issues of Federal Reserve what they are now; that if that were man from California? notes, which notes are guaranteed by our done, it would then free another $5,000,- There waf no obJection. Government and lt. says upon their face 000,000 of reserves in the banks; and that The SPEAKER pro tempore. Under that they are "redeemable in lawful that $5,000,000,0-00 of reserves under a previous order of the House, the gen­ money at the United States Treasury." those circumstances could then be used tleman from California [Mr. VooRmsJ Therefore; it is obvious that the security as a base for a H.a to 1 expansion of de­ is recognized for 10 minutes. behind the credit that the bank uses · to posits, so that the banks could then pur­ purchase the bonds is the public credit chase $50,000,000,000 additional of Gov­ THE PUBLIC DEBT of the United States. ernment bonds. Mr. VOORHIS of California. Mr. At hearings conducted before the Com­ Now; of course, that is not going to Speaker, in recent weeks we have been mittee on Banking and Currency on June happen; at least, I am confident the reading in th~ papers figures on the pub­ 17, 1942, there occurred an interchange Board will not let it happen and it may lic debt. We have also seen a number of between the gentleman from Texas [Mr. be more or less beside the point. The a:rticles in which the authors have ex­ PATMAN] and Governor Eccles, of the Fed­ only thing I am trying to say here today pressed considerable concern and alarm eral Reserve Board, portions of which I is this. I have stated on the floor before over the fact that in the face of the should like to draw to the attention. of that in my judgment we have got to have danger of serious price. inflation there is the House. The gentleman from Texas a compulsory savings program in order a considerable quantity of new money [Mr. PATMAN] asked this question: to avoid inflation, and I think we do. I being created in the country. That is What are the excess reserves on the money think also we have got to have a more true; it is dangerous, and it is a thing market at the present time? courageous tax program than we have that some of us have been talking about To this Governor Eccles replied that enacted yet. I think we should have en­ for a long, long time without getting they were running around $2,500,000,000. acted it when we had the tax bill before much of a hearing. Then the gentleman from Texas asked: · the House and I voted against a closed Some of these articles, however, make rule for that reason. Assuming that you How much could they buy in Government misstatements which I think should be bonds if they were to use the excess reserve cannot raise enough money by taxes and corrected, and it is my purpose to try to to the limit? compulsor;y savings together to equal the do that. For example, one article ap­ Mr. ECCLES. About $12,000,000,000. cost of the war and assuming therefore pear.ing in the Saturday Evening Post Mr. PATMAN. $12,000,000,000? as we must that some new money is go­ not very long ago, written by Mr. Scher­ Mr. EccLES. Yes, sir. ing to be created, then I think it ought man, who has written a good deal on this Then Mr. Eccles proceeds to explain to be created by a public agency, and if general question, made the following about the reserves. He says: it is not to be created by a public agency, statement: then whoever does enjoy the right to cre­ For the country it is 14, and for the cen­ We are continually forcing the United tral reserve cities it is 20, and for the Reserve ate that money cught at the very least to States Treasury to create new money with cities it is 26, so that we figure on about a do it without charging interest to the which to pay its war bills. 20-percent reserve requirement, so that on Federal Government. When he said we were forcing the the basis of $2,500,000,000, if that were all The power to create money is exactly United States Treasury to do that, what fully utilized on the factional reserve basis, equivalent to the power to tax. Whoever he had in mind was the fact that the I would estimate that they could buy about has the money has a claim upon the labor sales of the bonds to the people indi­ $12,000,000,000 worth of Government bonds. and the wealth of every other person in vidually for real money were so small as I just submit to the House that if the society. No private individual ever ought not to make up the difference between banks have $2,500,000,000 of excess re­ to be able to acquire it unless he gives tax revenues and war expenditures. As a serves and can purchase $12,000,000,000 labor or value in retur 1. Only the peo­ matter of fact, however, the Federal worth of Government bonds with it, ob­ ple as a whole have any moral or ethical Government is not creating any of this viously the banks create the other right to create and put into circulation money at all. What is happening is that $9,500,000,000 of new demand deposits to brand new mone::, . the Federal Government is selling bonds the credit ::f the Treasury, and we trade So I have been anxious to correct this to the banks of the country and the an interest-bearing Government bond and to make it perfectly clear tha' al­ banks in purchasing these bonds create for those bock entries. though I think it is true our present policy new demand deposits and credit them Then the gentleman from Texas [Mr. should be criticized because we have per­ to the account of the United States, and PATMAN] asks this question: mitted so much new money to be ere- thus use the new demand deposits to buy Suppose today they bought those $12,000,- . ated, it has not been the Federal Govern­ th~ bonds. So it is the banks that create 000,000 of bonds, what would they have back ment which has been creating it, but the the money, not the Federal Government. · of those bonds to support them in addition private banks of the United States. And 1942 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 6675 that is an even more serious and danger­ So I believe it would be far better if we cerned, that I have · in my files ' a letter ous evil than would have been the case could distribute the holdings of these as late as December 10, 1941, 3 days after had the people's own government created bonds as widely as possible among the Pearl Harbor, from the military intimat­ this money for the purpose of paying for American people. ing that the matter of the highway to the war. · [Here the gavel fell.] Alaska was of secondary importance. I submit this is an important question. The SPEAKER pro tempore. Under Well, Congress is not to blame for this. I submit that on the basis of the size of previous order of the House the gentle­ Congress gave me every authority, they the debt now held by the banks, as a man from Washington [Mr. MAGNUSON], gave my commission every authority. result only of the bonds they bought is recognized for 15 minutes. We made long reports to both Govern­ within the last fiscal year, the interest is THE HIGHWAY TO ALASKA ments, and nobody would do anything. a quarter of a billion dollars per year and We recommended certain routes. We will amount before those bonds are paid Mr. MAGNUSON. Mr. Speaker and had engineers go over the routes. Few off in the neighborhood of $12,500,000,000. Members of the House, I shall not take people knew about Alaska. It was a new, In times like these when we are calling u~ all of my time, but for the purpose of pioneering job in the Canadian territory upon the Nation to give all its resources the RECORD I do want to make a few re­ between Alaska and our borders. Fi­ of every sort, we should at least cease marks to the House before all of us get nally the Army decided to build a high­ paying tribute to any private agency awaY, regarding things pertaining to way to Alaska. They did not go along whatsoever for the right of the p'eople Alaska. Alaska is much in the minds of the route selected by the commissions. to use their own credit. all of us not only because of the Japanese We suggested that they take what we call Mr. MAGNUSON. Mr. Speaker, will occupation of certain portions of the is­ the A or the B route. The A route is the the gentleman yield? lands, but also because prior to this war wute farthest west, and the B route is in Mr. VOORHIS of California. I yield to many of us in the House expressed con­ the middle, and the so-called C route the gentleman. cern of the Alaskan situation, probably g{>en from Edmonton up through the Mr. MAGNUSON. And is it not also more thoroughly for a time than in the Yukon Territory into Fairbanks. true that the compulsory savings plan previous 25 years. Also for the purpose No one seems to know who selected the apparently is so much easie1 and so much of the RECORD, Mr. Speaker, as long as route, where it was selected or why, and cheaper to take care of these bond sales Congress seems to be catching it a little all we can get is that the Joint Defense than, probably, the method we are using bit-! say a little bit unduly and unfair­ Commission, headed by Mayor La­ now? ly-let us go into this thing as far as Guardia, of New York, who has many Mr. VOORHIS of California. There Alaska is concerned. The people of the other jobs, besides being Chairman of the are two reasons I believe such a program country are alarmed about it, and I have Joint Defense Commission, selected the is most important. The first one is that read certain editorials in certain news­ highway into Alaska-completely ignor­ I believe it is necessary that we pay for papers intimating, "What the devil has ing, as far as we can ascertain, all the much more of this bill currently because Congress done about Alaska prior to facts, all the reports, and everything else the cost of war is sheer economic waste. Pearl Harbor?" and so, I shall briefly re­ that we submitted. I have in my files, for A battleship or a shell or anything con­ view what has happened regarding the instance, a letter from the chairman of sumed in war can never be used as se­ Alaskan highway. the Canadian commission, Ron. Charles curity for money or used as security for In 1935 this Congress, Republicans and Stewart, a man who was former Premier debt. Furthermore, to the extent we de­ Democrats alike, passed a bill directing of the Province of Alberta, and former vote the operation of our economy to the Secretary of State to begin immedi­ Minister of the Interior of Canada; and war production, to that extent consumer ately negotiations with the Government in that letter he says, "Who in God's goods will not be produced and there­ of Canada for the purpose of building a name decided to build it along this fore if taxes and compulsory saving were highway and supply line to Alaska. That route?" And who would be more inter­ to take even the whole amount, it would was 6 years before Pearl Harbor. In 1937, ested in getting a route through Alberta have the effect simply of holding the after nothing was done, this Congress than that gentleman. Yet they went price level where it is and leaving the unanimously, Republicans and Democrats ahead. Be that as it may. I am not here p~ople in exactly the same· position. If alike, passed a bill setting up a separate to criticize what the Army has done. I prices double they simply have to pay commtssion-- bring this up for the purpose of the REc­ twice as much for the amount of goods Mr. SHORT. Of which the distin­ ORD and to at least show to this country available. . guished gentleman from Washington was tha'· insofar as supply lines into Alaska The second reason I believe in it, how­ made the chairman. are concerned, this Congress was 6 years ever, is this: I think it most important Mr. MAGNUSON. I thank the gentle­ ahead of everybody in attempting to push that when the war is over, there should man-yes; a separate commission. The action on this vital matter. be a reserve of buying power in the hands Canadian Government was directed to Now they are going ahead with this so­ of the people. But it is not going to do set up a like commission for the purpose called C route. It has been justified by us one bit of good to have P few wealthy again of getting adequate supply lines the Army and various officials in that it is people in possession of billions of dollars into Alaska. · We made long, extensive a connecting link between some airfields of interest-bearing public bonds with the studies. The Canadians appointed a like that Canada had built up in that area. whole people paying interest to them and commission. We never could get the Of course it has some value. Our objec­ thus aggravating the old problem we military to agree that a highway to Alas­ tion was that they could build a highway have been wrestling with of idle money ka had any value. along either one or the other routes in a not finding profitable, practicable invest­ Mr. MOTT. Mr. Speaker, will the much shorter time at much less cost and ment. gentleman yield? have a real supply line. [Here the gavel fell.] Mr. MAGNUSON. Yes. There is some intimation that the Army Mr. VOORHIS of California. Mr. Mr. MOTT .. And is it not also a fact, is now considering that this so-called C Speaker, I ask unanimous consent to pro­ as disclosed by the testimony before the route is only to be a pilot route between ceed for 1 additional minute. House Committee on Roads during this airfields and that this is all it will be used The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there session, that it has never been possible for. They have taken themselves to the objection to the request of the gentleman for us to get the State Department to task very well recently. Therefore, I from California? take any interest in it, either? war.t to report to the House further that There was no objection. Mr. MAGNUSON. That is right. I for the past 2 months the Army ha:::: con­ Mr. VOORHIS of California. The thank the gentleman from Oregon, who ducted a complete survey to build a rail­ distribution we should get is a general has been very active with me in this road to Alaska. distribution among just as .many of the matter. Those surveys are now in process in people as can afford to set aside any por­ Mr. SHORT. And yet the Congress is northern British Columbia and the re­ tion of their present income and still always blamed whenever the old brass port will be in sometime in September have left that minimum that is necessary hats and the gold braids or some admin­ or October, and if these reports show for every family and that we want every istrative agency makes a mistake. what I think they will show we will prob­ family to have in order to sustain health Mr. MAGNUSON. That is correct, and ably go ahead with a railroad and a real and have our people properly nourished. I say, as far as this proposition is con- supply line up that so-called A and B '6676 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE JULY 27 route. The railroad will start from the Empire had been talking about a post­ Mr. MAGNUSON. Mr. Speaker, I ask so-called Prince George area and will war round-:he-world air route. Those unanimous consent to revise and extend hit somewhere near the Whitehorse fields were placed with that in mind. my own remarks and include in the area. That is substantially along the They were going to have a post-war RECORD at this point a complete article route suggested by the two commissions, round-the-world air route, and some­ on this subject and the railroad to Alaska that is, between the A and B routes. In what to the detriment of our commercial by Richard L. Neuberger, of the Portland other words, it took a war to wake up air lines. The Canadians saw the chance Oregonian. the military regarding Alaska. Con­ to suggest--to respectfully suggest is The SPEAKER pro tempore. Without gress, as I said, has been awake to it what the Canadians do and hold firm­ objection, it is so ordered. for 6 long years. that we connect up these air fields. This There was no objection. Mr. EBERHARTER. Mr. Speaker, joint-defense board-and I think one (The matter referred to follows:) will the gentleman yield? would. say without hesitation, many of ARMY SURVEYING NEW RAIL ROUTE To AFFORD Mr. MAGNUSON. I yield. them who have never even seen the DmECT TIE TO ALASKA-8PEED AND SECRECY country-thought that was a good idea. MARK JoB'S START-PROJECT GREATEST IN Mr. EBERHARTER. I am very much RECENT YEARS interested in the gentleman's remarks. So we started the C road. It has some I read an engineer's report some time value, but I think the other would have (By Richard L. Neuberger) ago to the effect that this proposed C been built in a much quicker time and With~n the next few years the Pacific much cheaper. Northwest may be linked to Alaska by the route was along marshy ground or soine n1ost important railroad undertaking on the type of ground where it would be almost Mr. EBERHARTI.:;R. The B route would have been much better than the North American Continent since the Chicago, impossible to construct enough founda­ Milwaultee, St. Paul & Pacific route was thrust tion to carry any military supplies over C route, in my opinion. to the coast before the first World War. it. Does the gentleman know whether Mr. MAGNUSON. That is what the The United States Army Engineer Corps has or not the Army has found that to be joint commission, created by this Con­ surveyeC: 400 miles of a 1,300-mile line which so in the construction they have gone gress, thinks, too. would extend from Prince George in British ahead with so far? Mr. MUNDT. Mr. Speaker, will the Columbia'to Fairbanks in the heart of Alaska. gentleman yield? The engineers began their work early this Mr. MAGNUSON. I think the gentle­ spring. They got the job started with '\Var­ man will find that the operation of the Mr. MAGNUSON. I yield. time speed and secrecy. Preliminary recon­ ·so-called C route, this so-called pilot Mr. MUNDT. Can the gentleman tell naissance was one-third completed by the road, goes through wbat they call the . the House wher"e this C route will join time the War Department announced the Muskeg area. It is frozen in the winter­ with the United States? n~ture of their enterprise. The Engineer Mr: MAGNUSON. It joins at Edmon­ Corps also is building the h ighway to Alaska, time. In the summer when it thaws­ which is under construction from Dawson aad it never thaws completely down ton. One must think of -a highway to Creelt, British Columbia, on the other side through the entire frozen area-this Alaska as a highway coming down from of the Canadian Rockies. Work on the high­ creates, over ·a period of hundreds of Alaska and spreading out to meet all way began in March. years, what is commonly known as nig­ roads. I think w"lat we are golng to ARMY REVEALS PROGRESS gerheads. It is almost like quicksand. end up with is a railroad, a road and a After Lt. Gen. Brehon B. Somervell, Chief I have seen trucks fall right into it. It pilot road, which, of course·, is. much bet­ · of the A'rmy Services of Supply, had informed· is mucky. During the wintertime it 1s ter than we started. out with, but I. am .Congress that a rai.lroad to Alaska was under fine, but during the spring thaws, all of criticizing se·:erely the selection of this serious consideration, the War Department a sudden portions of the road will sink route because of the time element, and if revealed that surveys have been started and right down at these niggerhead areas. we had gone ahead with the other route are receiving the complete cooperation of the we would have had a pretty good start Canadian Government. I believe the Army engineers are com­ "The first step taken," the Army announced, ing to the conclusion that because this on a road to Alaska today. "was a complete air survey of the route from C road does strike a great deal of that Mr. MUNDT. Was not one of the ef­ Prince George to possible connections with Muskeg area, their ultimate intention is fects that the Army considered in select­ the Alaska Railroad in the vicinity of Fair­ to use it only as a so-called pilot road. ing the C route the fact that it would be banks. Four hundred miles of the contem­ That is why they are making the survey farther from the shore, and less vulner­ plated route have already been surveyed and able to possible bombing? located, in spite of the primitive nature of for a railroad. Of course, in order to the terrain and the difficulty of establish­ build a railroad you have to build service Mr. MAGNUSON. Well, I think that· ing communications between survey groups roads. So you may have two roads and if any Japanese can get close enough to and division offices. a railroad, and that will be a real supply bomb either A, B, or C roads, it would Col. Peter P. Goerz, Army district engi­ line into Alaska. not make much difference which route we neer at Seattle, is directing the survey. He Mr. EBERHARTER. So they will have have, if we are worrying about that. is handling the feat under the general super­ I hope the Congress takes a continued vision of Col. Richard Park, the North Pacific to build another roadway in addition to division engineer, whose headquarters are in this C road? interest in this matter. I know that sometimes Alaska seems far away to Portland. The Army expects the survey to Mr. MAGNUSON. Yes. This C road be completed by October 1. Shortly after many of us; it surely seemed much far­ that date the first snows begin to blanket .does connect these air fields, and they ther away than it has in the past few are important for air transport as long the high passes and uplands of the Canadian weeks since the Japanese have occupied wilderness. aD they exist where they do. two and maybe more of the islands. The Army has announced that the rallroad Mr. EBERHARTER. But if it is not Let me express a further thought that survey is following the· so-called B route to strong enough to hold any considerable I believe the Navy knows what they are Alaska. This is the route proposed for a amount of traffic and you run into doing about the Japanese occupation of highway by the Canadian members of the this muskeg at certain places, it seems Alaska International Highway Commission. these islands, but we still must use Alaska It stretches northward from Prince George up to me it would be almost valueless as a for a springboard for an attack on the Rocky Mountain trench, a great natural road. Japan. trough hemmed in by the Rockies on the east Mr. MAGNUSON. Well, it is not val­ Mr. SHORT. It is needed as much for and the Selkirk Range on the west. It will ueless. Of course, the time it will take to offense as defense. join the present highway route at Whitehorse, build it so that you can get adequate Mr. MAGNUSON. Exactly, and the in the Yukon Territory. supplies in, is a great deal of time wasted. thing needed to make an adequate ROAD ROUTE DISAPPOINTING If they had taken the other route they springboard of Alaska is adequate sup­ This announcement by the Army is of par­ could have gone into Alaska quicker and ply lines to that northern frontier so we ticular iuterest to the Pacific Northwest. The more adequately. Of course, they say can bring supplies, planes, and men into Alaskan highway commences on the eastern "We must connect up these air fields it. You cannot take them all up by sea; side of the Continental Divide, near the Brit­ ish Columbia-Alberta border. This proved a so we must go ahead." However, the air you cannot patrol that area successfully, sharp disappointment to such early highway fields were put there long before the war without great effort and cost, between advocates as Congressman WARREN MAGNUSON by the Canadian Government. They Seattle and Alaska should the Japanese of Seattle, chairman of the Alaskan Highway were put there by the government be­ attempt to place a great submarine :fleet Commission. He still believes that a route cause the gentleman in Canada in charge in those waters. commeneing west of the Continental Divide of construction told me that the British [Here the gavel fell.] is the most feasible and practical. 1942 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 6677 The railroad route starts on the Pacific pioneer route. They expect to be able to work ADJOURNMENT slope. It takes off from the Canadian na­ until the heavy snowfalls of winter. tional line, which branches off at Red Pass Mr. MAGNUSON. Mr. Speaker, I Junction in the Rockies and swings north­ Mr. HOLLAND. Mr. Speaker, I ask move that the House do now adjourn. westward through Prince George and Hazel­ unanimous consent to address the House The motion was agreed to; accordingly ton and down to Prince Rupert on the sea­ for 5 minutes. (at 1 o'clock and 54 minutes p. m.) the coast. Seattle business and transportation The SPEAKER pro tempore. Without House, pursuant to its previous order, ad­ leaders already are working to assure the Pa­ cific Northwest a rail connection with the objection, it is so ordered. journed until Thursday, July 30, 1942, at line. Plans for this are now being formu­ There was no objection. · 12 o'clock noon. lated. Mr. HOLLAND. Mr. Speaker, this OLD ROAD FORMS LINK morning I addressed the House. The EXECUTIVE COMMUNICATIONS, ETC. Northward from Vancouver, the largest city gentleman from Mississippi took excep­ Under clause 2 of rule XXIV, execu­ in British Columbia, twists a railroad known tion to the remarks I made and stated as the Pacific Great Eastern. This rallroad is that no Member of the House should dic­ tive communications were taken from the owned by the Provincial government. It ex­ tate to the Commander in Chief how this Speaker's table and referred as follows: tends to Quesnel, which is approximately 99 war should be fought. 1823. A letter from the Secretary of War miles south of Prince George. An old grade I want to point out now and quote my transmitting a letter from the Chief of Engi­ stretches from Quesnel to Prince George. The words, that I did not question the wisdom neers, United States Army, dated May 20, laying of ralls on this grade would link Van­ 1942, submitting a report, together with ac­ couver with Prince George. It thus would be of my Commander in Chief. Further, I companying papers, on a review of reports possible for trains on the Pacific seaboard to want to advise the gentleman from on the Boston Harbor, Mass., with a view to go all the way from tropical lands nearly to Mississippi that I was one American who modifying the existing project by providing the Arctic Circle. followed the lead of the President of the a channel from the 40-foot channel to the Mexico and southern California are con­ United States long before Pearl Harbor. Pleasure Bay side of Fort Ind,ependence, re­ nected with Portland by the Southern Pacific. I was one who believed that the Presi­ quested by a resolution of the Committee on From Portland to Seattle, three lines-the dent was right when he tried to protect, Rivers and Harbors, House of Representatives, Union Pacific, Great Northern, and Northern yes, and defend America with the proper adopted on August 26, 1941; to the Committee Pacific-operate joint ~ervice. The Great on Rivers and Harbors. Northern runs from Seattle to Vancouver. defense and preparation before the Japs 1824. A letter from the Secretary of War Extension of the Pacific Great Eastern to stabbed us in the back. transmitting a letter from the Chief of Engi­ Prince George would tie the main railroad Mr. SHORT. Mr. Speaker, will the neers, United States Army, dated May 12, network of the far West to the proposed gentleman yield? 1942, submitting a report, tog~ther with ac­ route from Prince George to Fairbanks. Mr. HOLLAND. Not now. companying papers and two illustrations, on DELANO CHIEF ADVOCATE a review of reports on the harbors of Cape I want to quote the words of my Charles City, Va., requested by a resolution One of the leading advocates of a railroad speech: to Alaska has been Frederic A. Delano, of the Committee on Rivers and Harbors, Chairman of the National Resources Plan­ I know that the President, our Commander House of Representatives, adopted on August ning Board and an uncle of the President of in Chief, realizes the terrible urgency of the 1, 1941; to the Committee on Rivers and the United States. Delano is an old railroad situation. I know that if a blow is to be Harbors. man, having been president of the Burlington struck at Germany on the continent of 1825. A letter from the Director, Selective line and an official of other companies. When Europe, it must come as a surprise. We can­ Service System, transmitting a draft of a the Army engineers first announced plans not share in the secrets of war. I know the proposed bill to amend the Selective Training for the Alaskan highway, Mr. Delano told his difficulties, the tremendous difficulties in­ and Service Act of 1940; to the Committee nephew at the White House that a railroad volved: but this Nation of ours has a habit on Military Affairs. was necessary also. of overcoming difficulties. 1826. A letter from the Administrator, The National ~sources Planning Board I express the hope of the people pf my Office of Price Administration, transmitting has been cooperating with the Army in the district, and I am sure the hope of people first quarterly report for the period ended survey, and recently both the highway and everywhere, that we will meet •this crisis in April 30, 1942 (H. Doc. No. 819); to the Com­ thr contemplated railroad routes were sur­ the war with American dash, American skill, mittee on Banking and Currency and ordered veyed and studied by Delano and Lt. Col. and American courage. This is the time for to be printed, with 1llustrations. Roy F. Bessey, of Portland, who is the Pacific thinking like Admiral Farragut's: "Damn the Northwest regional consultant of the Board. torpedoes; full speed ahead." REPORTS OF COMMITTEES ON PUBLIC Mr. Delano is said to believe that there is BILLS AND RESOLuTIONS enough rail in abandoned logging, inter­ Let me state for the RECORD that at no urban, and branch lines in America, Canada, place in my speech did I question the Under clause 2 of rule XIII, reports of and Alaska to make the Alaskan railway pos­ policy or the wisdom of my Commander committees were delivered to the Clerk sible without unduly burdening the steel in­ in Chief, Franklin D. Roosevelt. for printing and reference to the proper dustry. calendar, as follows: ARMY LEADER INTERESTED ENROLLED BILLS SIGNED General Somervell, whose job it is to sup­ Mr. KmWAN, from the Committee on Mr. RANDOLPH: Committee on the Dis­ ply the Armies of the United ~tates, is vitally Enrolled Bills, reported that that com­ trict of Columbia. H. R. 6171. A bill to interested in transportation links with Alaska. mittee had examined and found truly en­ amend an act entitled "An act in relation to His report to Congress declared that a railroad rolled bills of the House of the following taxes and tax sales in the District of Colum­ to the vast Territory in the north would give titles, which were thereupon signed by bia," approved February 28, 1898, as amended; this country four-way connections with its without amendment (Rept. No. 2388). Re­ largest possession-by highway, by rail, by the Speaker: ferred to the Committee of the Whole House air, and by sea. The general has supervision H. R. 1030. An act to provide increases of on the state ot the Union. over all the servicing and supplying of our pension payable to dependents of veterans forces. • of the Regular Establishment, and for other PUBLIC BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS Premier John Hart, of British Columbia, purposes; last week told the Seattle POBt-Intelligencer, H. R. 2545. An act for the relief of Chin Under clause 3 of rule XXII, public newspaper published by John Boettiger, son­ Hoy; bills and resolutions were introduced and in-law of President Roosevelt, that American H. R. 3956. An act to amend the Bankhead­ severally referred as follows: business interests had been negotiating for Janes Farm Tenant Act to permit exchange purchase of the Pacific Great Eastern Rail­ of land with private owners; By Mr. HOFFMAN: road. The Premier said the offers to date H. R. 5839. An act to amend the act en­ .H. R. 7441. A bill to restore one of the four were financially unacceptable and far below titled "An act to provide compensation for freedoms, the freedom of expression; to the the line's asserted value of $90,000,000. He employees of the United States suffering in­ Committee on the Judiciary. also revealed that the offers came from a juries while in the performance of their By Mr. HINSHAW: private syndicate rather than a recognized duties, and for other purposes," as amended; H. R. 7442. A bill to promote the defense American railroad. H. R. 7188. An act to amend the Canal Zone of the United States by prohibiting the con­ HIGHWAY PROGRESSING Code; and ducting of certain foreign-language schools; While the survey for the rail line to Alaska H. R. 7297. An act authorizing the assign­ to the Committee on Education. goes forward, Army engineers actually are. ment of personnel from departments or By Mr. HOLLAND: constructing the highway. From headquar­ agencies in the executive branch of the Gov­ H. R. 7443. A blll to protect the uniforms ters at Fort St. John in the south and White­ ernment to certain investigating committees of the United States Army, Navy, Marine horse in the north, Brig. Gen. William M. of the Senate and House ot Representatives, Corps, and Coast Guard; to the Committee Hoge and his troops are pushing through a and for other purposes. on Military Atiairs. 6678 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE JULY 30 By Mr. VOORHIS of California: MESSAGES FROM THE PRESIDENT­ · VIsiOns of certain laws, restrictions H. J. Res. 338 (by request). Joint resolution APPRC VAL OF BILLS against the employment of aliens are en­ proposing an amendment to the Constitution of the United States to provide for revenue Messages in writing from the President forced. These restrictions have been for the Government of the United States by of the United States were communicated prescribed in the following laws: taxing the socially created value of land to the Senate by Mr. Miller, one of his The Air Corps Act of 1926, Public Law including all natural resources and intangible secretaries, who also announced that the 446 (44 Stat. 787), section 10j: franchise rights; to the Committee on the President had approved and signed the And no aliens employed by a contractor Judiciary. following acts: for furnishing or constructing aircraft, air­ craft parts, or aeronautical accessories for the On July 27, 1942: PRIVATE BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS United States shall be permitted to have ac­ S. 1075. An act for the relief of George S. cess to the plans or specifications, or the work Under clause 1 of rule XXII, private Geer; and under construction, or to participate in the S. 2362. An act relating to the jurisdiction contract trials without the written consent bills and resolutions were introduced and over certain lands in the Isle Royale National severally referred as follows: beforehand of the secretary of the department Park. concerned. By Mr. LECOMPTE: On July 28, 1942: H. R. 7444. A bill granting a pension to S. 2026. An act to provide for the posthu­ The National Defense Act of 1940, Jetty Johnson; to the Committee on Invalid mous appointment to commissioned or non­ Public. Law 671 (54 Stat. 680), section 11: Pensions. commissioned grade of certain enlisted men (a) No aliens employed by a contractor in By Mr. MANASCO: . and the posthumous promotion of certain the performance of secret, confidential, or H. R. 7445. A bill for the relief of J. K B~ins; commissioned officer.:> and enlisted men; restricted Government contracts shall be per­ to the Committee on Claims. S. 2368. An act to amend the joint resolu­ mitted to have access to the plans or speci­ tion approved August 27, 1940 (54 Stat. 858), fications, or the work under such contracts, as amended, and the Selective Training and or to participate in the contract trials, unless PETITIONS, ETC. Serv'.ce Act of 1940 (54 Stat. ' 885), as the written consent of the head of the Gov­ amended, so as to remove the requirement ernment department concerned has first been Under clause 1 of rule XXII petitions that medical statements shall be furnished and papers were laid on the Clerk's desk obtained, and any person who willfully vio­ to those persons performing military service lates or through negligence permits the viola­ and referred as follows: thereunder; and tion of the provisions of this subsection shall 3275. By Mr. BULWINKLE: Petition of Mrs. S. 2568. An act to establish additional com­ be fined not more than $10,000 or imprisoned L. D. Edwards and various citizens of Mars missioned warrant and warrant grades in the not more than 5 years, or both. Hill, Madison County, N. c:, petitioning for United States Navy, and for other purposes. (b) Any alien who obtains employment on the passage of House bill 4000 ~nd Senate bill on July 29, 1942: secret, confidential, or restricted Government 860; to the Committee on Military Affairs. S. 925. An act for the relief of Lemuel T. contracts, by willful misrepresentation while 3276. Also, petition of Vernon E. Wood and Root, Jr. seeking such employment, shall be fined not various other citizens of Mars Hill, Madison LEGISLATION RELATIVE TO ISSUANCE OF more than $10,000 or imprisoned not more County, N. C., petitioning for the passage of BIRTH CERTIFICATES than 5 years, or both. House bill 4000 and Senate bill 860; to the (c) For the purpose of this section, the Committee on Military Affairs. The VICE PRESIDENT laid before the term "person" shall be construed to include 3277, By the SPEAKER: Petition of the Senate a communication from the Presi­ an individual, partnership, association, cor­ Chamber of Commerce of the City of Burns, dent of the 'C'nited States, which was re­ poration, ol" other business enterprise. Harney County, Oreg., petitioning considera­ ferred to the Committee on Commerce The laws restricting the employment tion of their resolu~ion with reference to and ordered to be printed in the RECORD, appointing committees, to investigate the ac­ of aliens were designed to provide for tion of the United ·States Bureau of Mines; to as follows: the security of our defense industries the Committee on Mines and Mining. THE WHITE HOUSE, and to protect military secrets concern­ 3278. Also, petition of the State, County, washington, July 27, 1942. ing the development of new inventions and Municipal Workers of America, Local 246, The PRESIDENT OF THE SENATE. and devices. It was felt that these se­ Los Angeles, Calif., petitioning consideration SIR: There are before the Senate for crets would be safer if confined to Amer­ of their resolution with reference to freedom consideration two bills authorizing the for India; to the Committee on Foreign ican citizens. The birth-certificate laws Affairs. Director of the Census to issue certifi­ are being proposed to correct a situation cates of birth records, Senate bill 2299, . created by the alien-restriction laws, introduced on February 23 and referred and are designed to meet the need of to the Committee on Military Affairs, securing employment in defense plants. SENATE and H. R. 7239, passed by the House Juiy Prior to June 4, 1942, the Army and 13, 1942. These bills would authorize the Navy recommended to war contractors THURSDAY, JULY 30, 1942 Director of the Census to issue certificates that birth certificates be required as a of birth records to applicants who pay form of proof of citizenship. In an at- Rev. John F. A. Cavanagh-Donnelly, an application fee and furnish proof of . tempt to facilitate the securing of such diocesan director, Catholic social action, birth within a State of the United States, certificates by those persons not then Corpus Christi, Tex., offered the follow­ or the District of Columbia, as may be re­ possessing them, a directive was issued ing prayer: quired by the Director of the Census. informing contractors of a method of These bills would not repeal or modify delayed registration of births practiced Let us pray: the authority of the Director to collect by certain States, and recommended May God the Father, creator of all, and publish statistics of births and that applicants for work utilize such a bless us 130,000,000 Americans, and safe­ deaths as provided in the Permanent method for securing certificates. This guard our boys and girls, particularly Census Act of March 6, 1902. directive was interpret~ by contractors those in the armed forces. . There also is before the Senate a bill, to mean that birth certificates or natu­ May God the Son, by His example, H. R. 6600, which would provide for the ralization papers were the only forms of teach us to sacrifice for the duration of issuance of certificates of citizenship by evidence to be utilized. Accordingly, the war. the Commissioner of Immigration and the contractors, fearing the fines and May God the Holy Spirit guide our Naturalization. This bill, after passage imprisonment provided for willfully or great President, his Cabinet, our illus­ by the House of Representatives on negligently allowing aliens to be em­ trious Senators, our Representatives, our March 19, 1942, was referred in the Sen­ ployed, required certificates of every ap­ admirals, our generals, officers, and en­ ate to the Committee on Immigration. plicant, with the natural result of a slow­ listed men all, to victory and a just and S. 2654, providing for the recording of ing down of employment in war indus­ lasting peace. Amen. birth data and issuance of certificates tries. by the Federal Security Administration, This situation has now been corrected. THE JOURNAL was introduced July 14, 1942, and re­ On June 4, 1942, a joint directive was is­ On request of Mr. BARKLEY, and by ferred to the Committee on Finance. sued by the Army and Navy prescribing unanimous consent, the reading of the These bills grow out of the demand that applicants for employment on Gov­ Journal of the proceedings of the calen­ for ready proof of citizenship that has ernment war contracts may determine dar day Monday, July 27, 1942, was dis­ been coming from persons seeking em­ their .citizenship status by making a dec­ pensed with, and the Journal was ployment in factories engaged on war laration that they are citizens of the approved. contracts where, pursuant to the pro- United States, and stating the place and