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Home , Admiral, All That (season 1), Clair Engle, Edwin Arthur Hall, Emanuel Celler, Eugene James Keogh

1945 ·coNGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 269 ·By Mr. HARLESS of Arizona:· tuted), against the , 1-lo. 34450; Resolved, That the Senate has heard with H. R. 1464. A bill for the relief of Leonard to the Committee on the Judiciary. profound sorrow the announcement of the ,Hutchings; to the Committee on Claims. By Mr. WALTER: death of Ron. JAMES F. O'CONNOR, late a . By Mr. HAVENNER: H. R. 1494. A bill to authorize the presen­ Representative from the State of Montana. H. R. 1465. A bill for the relief of the State tation of an appropriate medal to J, Edgar Resolved, That a committee of two Sena­ of ; to the Committee on Claims. Hoover; to the Committee on the Judiciary. tors be appointed by the President of the By Mr. HOBBS: Senate to join the committee appointed on H. R. 1466. A bill for the relief of William the part of the House ot: Representatives to H. Bibb; to the Committee on Claims. PETITIONS, ETC. attend the funeral of the deceased Repre­ H. R. 1467. A bill for the relief of Walter sentative. R. McKinney; to the Committee on Claims. Under clause 1 of rule XXII, petitions Resolved, That the Secretary communicate By Mr. HOLMES of washington: and papers were laid on the Clerk's desk these resolutions to the House of Representa­ H. R. 1468. A bill for the relief of Warrant and referred as follows: tives and transmit a copy thereof• to the Wayne· C. Proper-; to the Committee on 19. By the SPEAKER: Petition of the Su­ family of the deceased. Claims. preme Lodge of the Or.der of Ahepa, Wash­ Resolved, That as a further mark of respect H. R. 1469. A bill for the relief of Cox Bros.; ington, D. C., endorsing the enactment of to the memory of the deceased the Senate do to the Committee on Claims. universal military service legislation and · re­ now adjourn. By Mr. JOHNSON of Indiana: questing the med~ation and active participa­ H. R. 1470. A bill granting a pension to tion of the Government of the United States The message also announced that; pur­ - Edward Morgan; to the Committee on Invalid of America in the negotiations now under suant to the provisions of the above reso­ Pensions. · way in Athens and in London to end the lution, the President of the Senate ap­ H. R. 1471. A bill for the relief of Nicholas present conflict in Greece; to the Committee pointed Mr. WHEELEi and Mr. MURRAY Sevaljevick, now known as Nicholas Horn­ on Military Affairs. members of the committee on the part of acky; to the ComnHttee on Military Affairs. 20. Also, petition of the , the Senate: H. R. 1472. A bill for the relief of B. B. County, Department of , by Stringer; to the Committee on War Claims. Thomas F. Kilcourse, county adjutant, re­ PERMISSION TO ADDRESS THE HOUSE H. R. 1473. A bill granting a pension to questing consideration ,that action be taken Mr. MANSFIELD of Montana. Mr. Ernest Somers; to the Committee on Pen­ for the continuance of the Dies committee, · Speaker, I ask unanimous consent after sions. which has performed for the past.number of H. R. 1474. A bill for the relief of Isabell years valuable assistance in uncovering sub­ the completion of business today that I Shanks; to the Committee on Claims. versive elements as well as activities of sub­ inay be permitted to address the House H. R. 1475. A bill granting a pension to versive groups in our Government as well as for 1 hour to report to the House of Rep­ John Hannon; to the Committee on Pensions. in our country in ; to ~he Committee resentatives on my mission to China. By Mr. LANHAM: t on Rules. The SPEAKER. Is there objection to H. R. 1476. A bill for the relief of Mr. and the' request of the gentleman from Mon- Mrs. Edwin E. Harper; to the Committee on tana? · Claims. By Mr. McGEHEE: HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES There was no objection. H. R. 1477. A bill for the relief of Mrs. J. Mr. FEIGHAN. Mr. Speaker, I ask W. McMurray, R. T. Latham, a; B. Cooper, TuESDAY, JANUARY 16, 1945 unanimous consent that I may address L. W. Pearson, and Billups Oil Co.; to ·the the House tomorrow for 20 minutes after Committee on Claims. ·· The House met at 12 o'clock noon, and the ·completion of other special orders H. R. 1478. A bill for the relief of Mrs. was· called to order by the Speaker. heretofore entered. Russell C. Allen and Molly Ann Allen; to the Committee on Claims. The Chaplain, Rev. James Shera Mont­ The SPEAKER. Is there objection to H. R. 1479. A bill for the relief of Axel A. gomery, D. D., offered the following the request of th~ ·gentleman from Ohio? Stromberg; to the Committee on Claims. prayer: / There was no. objection. H. R. 1480. A bill for the relief of the S. G. Mr. FEIGHAN. Mr. Speaker, I also Leoffier Operating Co. of Washington, D. C., Heavenly Father, help us to believe in the hand that never fails and see through ask unanimous consent that the gentle­ and for other purposes; to the Committee on man from Pennsylvania [Mr. WEiss] be . Claims. our severest losses our greater gains. H. R. 1481. A bill for the relief of R. W. Forgive the defects of .our spirits; speak permitted to address the House for 30 - Wood; to the Committee on Claims. ta us of a tender heart full of pity and minutes succeeding me. H. R. 1482. A bill for the relief of Sam grace; speak to us of integrity and of the The SPEAKER. Is there objection to Wadford; to the Committee on Claims. higher wisdom. Our calling is · full of the request of the gentleman from Ohio? H. R. 1483. A bill for the relief of Mrs. difficulty and we pray for Thy magnify­ There was no objectio:t;l. W. V. Justice; to the Committee on Claims. H. R. 1484. A bill for the relief of the ing presence that shall enable Thy EXTE~SION OF REMARKS Luckenbach Steamship Co., Inc.; to the . servants to resist temptation or: com­ Mr. PATMAN. Mr. Speaker, I ask Committee on Claims. promise. Inspire in us· a self-energy, an unanimous consent to extend my re­ H. R.1485. A bill for the relief of Henry B. inne1· freedom, a basic liberty by which Tucker-; to the Committee on Claims. we triumph over rude circumstances. marks in four instances in the RECORD H. R.1486. A bill for the relief of Sam D. Thou who art the of the harvest, and include therein an extension on four Moak; to the Committee on Claims. . the winds and the waters ·are in Thine subjects and certain statement,s and ex­ H. R. 1487. A bill for the· relief of Clifton hands; do Thou enable us to measure cerpts. L. Holmes; to the Committee on Claims. ourselves by Thy standards. Thou art The SPEAKER. Is there objection to By Mr. PETERSON of : the request of the gentleman from H. R. 1488. A bill for the relief of Austin evermore gloriously able and _willing to succor those who are weak and sinful. ? Bruce Bowan; to the Committee on Clail;ns. There was no objection. By Mr. SCHWABE of Missouri: ·Deep in our breasts where the tides of .. H. R.1489. A bill for the relief of Harold B. emotion ebb and flow, where the might PERMISSION TO ADDRESS THE.HOUSE Alden and Walter E. Strohm; to the Commit- of the good is struggling to live, 0 give Mr. PATMAN. Mr. Speaker, I ask tee on Claims. · us power to build a fortress of defense By Mr. SHEPPARQ: unanimous consent to address the House and undergird our best understanding. tomorrow for 30 minutes after the com­ H. R. 1490. A bill awarding a Distinguished We pray that these days we may gage by Service Cross to To~ Siminoff, veteran of the pletion of other special orders. Philippine Insurrection; to the Committee our wisdom, our sense of duty, and our The SPEAKER. Is there objection to · on Military Affairs. unwavering loyalty has made the request of the gentleman from By Mr. SLAUGHTER: our country memorable, and Thine shall Texas? H.R.1491: A bill for the relief of Albert P. be the praise. In the name of Him who There was no objection. Dunbar; to the Committee on Military is the. light of 'the world.' Amen. EXTENSION OF REMARKS Affairs. The Journal of the proceedings of yes­ H. R. 1492. A bill for the relief of Florence terday was read and approved. Mr. BARTLETT. Mr. Speaker, I ask J. Sypert, administratrix, of the estate of unanimous consent to extend my own re­ Leona Conner Childers; to the Committee on MESSAGE FROM THE SENATE marks in the RECORD and include therein Claims. • H. R. 1493. A bill conferring jurisdiction A message from the Senate, by Mr. a newspaper article. · upon the Court of Claims to reopen and read­ Carrell, one of its clerks, announced that The SPEAKER. Is there objection to judicata the eminent-domain case of John the Senate had adopted the follbwing the request of the Delegate frorri Alaska? w. Parish, trustee (Jo~m H. Bexten, substi- resolution (S. Res. 34) :. There was no objection. 270 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE JANUA'RY 16 · Mr. HARLESS of Arizona. Mr. Speak­ EXTENSION OF REMARKS The SPEAKER. ·Is there objection to er, I ask unanimous consent to extend my Mr. LANE. Mr. Speaker, I ask unanl­ ·the request of the gentleman from Mich.. own remarks in the Appendix of the REC• _mous consent.to extend my own remarks igan? . ORD and include therein a letter written in the Appendix of the RECORD in two in­ Tqere was no objection• . by an attorney named Matt. S. Walton stances; in one to include an articie by Mr. REED of New York. Mr. Speaker, to the President. John Griffin, which appeared in the Bos­ ·I ask unanimous consent to extend my · The SPEAKER. Is there objection to ton Sunday Post of January 14; and in own remarks ·in the RECORD and to in­ ·the request of the gentleman from Ari­ the other to include an address by Rev. clude therein a letter -on the St. Law- zona? Joseph Z. Demers in Lawrence, Mass., on rence seaway. . There was no objection. January 7. The SPEAKER. · Is there objection to Mr. TOLAN. Mr. Speaker, I ask · The SPEAKER. -Is there objection to the request of the gentleman from New unanimous consent to extend my own re­ the request of the gentleman from Mas .. York? marks in the RECORD and to include sachusetts? There was no objection. therein a brief letter. There was no objection. Mr. BRYSON asked and was given The SPEAKER. Is there .objection to · Mr. SLAUGHTER asked and· was given 'permission to -extend his own remarks the_request of the gentleman from C~li- ·permission to extend his own remarks in in the: RECORD and include a news­ . forma? · ·the Appendix and include an editorial. ' paper clipping. There was no objection. Mr. JENKINS asked and was giv.en · · Mr. BREHM asked and.was given-per- · . Mr. WASIELEWSKI. Mr. Speaker, I permission to extend his own remarks in mission to extend liis. own remarks in ask unanimous consent to extend my . the RECOR-D. ' -the RECORD and include·a newspaper ar- . ticle. · ·own remarks in the Appendix of the DRAFTING FARM LABOR ' : RECORD and to. include therein three ex'· SPECIAL JOINT SESSION SUGGESTED cerpts . from the press. Mr. GROSS. Mr .. Speaker, I ask The SPEAKER; Is there objection to unanimous consent to address the Hous~ , . Mr. RICH. . Mr. Speaker, I ask uhani­ the request of the gentleman from Wi5-· · for 1 minute and t6 revise and extend -my . mo_us c;:opsent to _ aQ.d~e-ss ttte Ho~se . for 1 . CQllSin? remarks; . . minute and to include in my remarks a There was no objeGti:on. The SPEAKER. Is there objection ·to :concurrent "resolution ·1 am today intro­ · the request of the gentleman from ducing iri the House. PERMISSION TO ADDRESS THE ~OUSE Pennsylvania? · . The SPEA!Q.R. Is there objection to Mr. VOORIDS . of California. Mr. There·was no ·objection. · . the request of the gentleman from Penn:_ Speaker,~ ! ask unanimous consent to, ad­ Mr. GROSS. Mr. Speaker, · there is -sylvania?'. dress · the· House today for 15 minute~ alarm througqout tb,e country over the _ . There was no objection. after the address of .the gentleman from threat of fa1m boys being-drafted into Mr. RlCH:. Mr. Speak~r. I am ~ intro­ Montana [Mr. MANSFIELD]. the Army. I am not pleading for farm ducing a concurrent resolution. ·It seems The SPEAKER. Is· there objection to · boys to be left on the farms, but I am ·to me that at a time. like this .when our the request of the gentleman from Calf­ interested in the food. sup·ply of the Na­ country is i1;1· danger and the people of fornia? tion. I have here a letter from a farmer the Nation are going tQ their churches There was no objection. in my district "in which he makes the and asking divine guidance from ·Al­ EXTENSION OF REMARKS following statement: · mighty God for the President of the I operate a large dairy farm, 135 head of · United States and the Congress in the Mr. VOORHIS of California. Mr. pure-bred Guernsey cattle and a 500-acre :deliberation of our_ duties that we our­ Speaker, I also ask un~nimous consent farm, producing between 70,000 to ·1,000,000 selves should. congregate for that purpose· to extend my remarks in the Appendix pounds of milk a year. Necessarily we have and ask for ourselves divine guidance and to include an article from the Na­ to use some young able-bodied men to carry that we be guided aright in thought, act, tional Catholic Rural Life Conference. on. and deed. I introauce this resolution in The .SPEAKER. Is there objection to • • • • order that we may accomplish a greater the request of the gentleman from Cali­ Right now we have a 19-year-old single · boy in our employ. A single boy, 23, that good, meeting together as. Christian gen­ fornia? tlemen, and in the hop~ that the legis­ There was no objection. is a conscientious objector; a married man, . 23, with ·two children, whose eyes are so. bad lation_ we consider under Christian in- PERMISSION TO ADDRESS THE HOUSE . that doctors told me that he could not . fluence will be for the -best interest of · pass a physical examination; a cripple about Mr. ALLEN of Louisiana. Mr. Speak- America and the world in this critical . 26, sil1gle, ,that was placed in IV-F and later · period in our;nationallife. We ourselves . er, I ask unanimous consent that on to­ in n~c; and a married man, 28, that appears morrow, after disposition of the business need·such divine guidance. We need to ~ound. All · the rest of · our employees are . pray ourselves_as well as have our people of the da-y and other special orders, my · over draft age, one of them over 60, one pray for us. colleague the gentleman from Louisiana stone deaf,' and the other with only one [Mr. BR<(OKS] may address the House for . hand. · The concurrent resolution referred to 1 hour. • • • • follow~: The SPEAKER: ·Is. there objection to I have tri~d repeatedly to hire a man that Resolved, et~., - That for the purpo!ie.of ask­ was here' and drafted and is now discharged ing ·God's divi~e guidance in the deltbera­ the_ request of the gentleman from from the Army. About 3 days a week he tions and actions of Congress, the two Houses Lmaisiana? . helps us ·out but we never know whether : of Congress shall assemble in the Hall of the There was no objection. he wm be here or not, we have· to pay House of Representatives at 12 o'clock · Mr. STOCKMAN. · Mr. Speaker, I ask . him 60 cents an hour and you, as a farmer, _ m_e~idian . on such day during ·February ~!!45 unanimous consent _to address the House · know that this cannot be done .and make · as may be selected by a 1oint committee con­ both ends meet. . sisting of the President of the Senate, the for 15 minutes today after the comple­ Speaker of the Ho1,1.se of Representatives, the tion of other special orders heretofore -The best years of my· life have been spent in building our herd up and bull calves from majority and mii1ority leaders of the House granted. · it have gone into practically every State · ot :Representatives. · · The SPEAKER. . Is there objection. to · of the U~ion to help raise the production ' . Invitations· to atterlti the joint session ' the request of the gentleman from Ore- . of the dairy industry througho:ut the United ~ shall - be -' extended ·to the Presiaei).t of the gon? · States. It seems a shame to see such a United States and the m"embers ·of his Cabl­ There was no objection. herd dispersed but 1t it is going to be net, the Chief Justice and the ·Associate Jus­ ' necessary ta take all of the single young . tices of the Supreme Court of the United SWEARING IN OF MEMBER men off farms, I 'honestly can't see any other .States, the diplomatic (through the Sec- · ~~wer. retary of State), the , -. 'rhe SPEAKER. The Chair -under­ ~ the. Chief. of Staff of ·t)ie. Arzny, the: Chief of . stands ,.the gentleman from West Vir-. .EXTENSION OF .REMARKS \ . Naval .Op.era-tions, and the Gen­ · ginia ~Mr. NEELY] is present .and pre­ MF. -ENGEL of Miohigan.--.Mr . .Speak­ " entLGommandant .o~ _ the . ..Marine,'"Corps,:and - pared to ·take· the' oath-of .office. If .the .er-, I -ask· unanimo.ds -CORs~nt-to - extend such other persons as the joint committee. r gentlema~ from-. West Virglnia w~ll pre­ :my OWn remarks in.the.-RECOIU> arid ·to : sh_a_n· deem proper. - , ·.. · · - · · - · , sent himself at the"bar of the "Ho'use, he : include, a, lettei:· from.'" the: Secretanr.-ef ..... T}:l.e jol,lit co~ittee is.auth6rized to "n:iake ·may f::t1fe -u1e ·oath:· . · · · ' " arrt~:ngeme:uts r fer ""the joint- ~ sessio~~ h-erein State·ancf a 'st'ateinent made· by the Sec- . authqr~zed; anq tot.Invite ,a Catl).o1tc·prtest,,: a Mr. NEELY took the oatli of office~ · retary of State. · · · · · · · · ··· . · Jewish rabbi, and a Protestant minister to :1945 CONGRESSIONAt RECORDO-HOUSE 271 conduct ·a nonsectarian s~r'vice with the aid sf!cretary; Mrs. Margaret C. Munns, na­ any special orders heretofore entered, I of the Chaplain of the Senate and the Chap­ tional treasurer; and Miss Elizabeth A. may be permitted to address the House lain of the House of Representatives. The priest, rabbi, and minister sball each be al­ Smart, national director. department of tor 20 minutes. lotted 45 minutes for his part icipation in ·legislation; representatives of the Woni­ ~ The SPEAKER. Is there objection to such service. · ~ - n·s Christian Temperance Union. These the request of the gentleman from Ohio? women are attending a conference of na­ There w.as no ·objection. PILGRIMAGES FOR GOLD STAR MOTHERS tional temperance w.,orkers, studying the Mr. . Mr. controversial subject of intemperance, - MANUFACTURE OF WHISKY AND GIN Speaker, I ask unanimous consent to especiall~ with reference to th~ war pro- _ ~r. REES of . Mr. Speaker, I address the House for 1 minute: gram. · - ask unanimous consent to proceed for 1 The SPEAKER. Is there objection to The SPEAKER. The time of the gen­ .minute. the request of the gentleman from New · ue~an .Qas _expired. The SPEAKER. Is there objection to York? EXTENSION OF REMARKS - the request of the gentleman from Kan­ There was no objection. sas? Mr. EDWIN ARTHUR HALL. Mr. Mr. HULL. , Mr. Speaker, I ask unani­ . There was no objection. Speaker, just after the First World War mous consent to extend my remarks in Mr. REES of Kansas. Mr. Speaker, a the Congress took the same action that the RECORD and to •include therein a gentleman who preceded me calls at-· is now contemplated in a bill I am in­ radio .address by the Honorable Vvilliam tention to this matter of the liquor in­ troducing at this time. I hope the Con­ T. Evjue, editor and publisher of the dustry in this country. I want to call . gress will pass this bill as soon as pos- . Capital Times. attention to an order issued by the War sible. It is a bill to provide for pilgrim- · The S~EAKER. Is there objection to .Production Board, approved by the War -ages after the present war of Gold Star the request of· the gentleman from Wis­ .Food Administration, granting a holiday ·mothers and fathers to the graves of consin? of 30 days to ml:\ke whisky, which is all their sons and daughters who died in the There was no objection. .wrong. service of the armed forces of the United Mr. RIZLEY. Mr. Speaker, I ask Mr. Speaker, the order issued by the States and who are buried in foreign unanimous consent to extend my re­ War Production Board· and approved by ~rid~ . .marks in· the RECORD and to include the War Food Administration granting a Be it enacted, etc., That there are author­ therein a letter. holiday Of 30 days to the whisky dis­ ized to be appropriated such sums as may be The SPEAKER. Is there objection "to tillers for the manufacture of fifty to necessary to enable the Anministrator of Vet­ the request of the gentleman from Okla­ sixty million gallons of alcohol to make erans' Affairs, under such regUlations as he homa? whisky and gin is about the most un­ may prescribe, to provide for, after the ter­ There was no objection. reasonable, inexcusable, unjustified order mination of hostilities in the -present war, Mr. CANFIELD. Mr. Speaker, I ask that has come from any agency of the and to pay ·the necessary expenses of, pil­ unanimous consent to extend my re­ grimages of mothers and fathers (or if they Government for a long time. m~rks in the Appendix of the RECORD and · . · be dead, the next of kin) · of servicemen and The War Production Board and other servicewomen who died and were buried in· to include a letter from a constituent. The SPEAKER. Is there objection to war agencies, including the War Depart­ . foreign lands during the present war, to their ment, tell us the need for certain war . sons' and daughters' graves. the request of the gentleman from New Jersey? materials for our armed forces is critical. REDUCTION OF ABSENTEEISM, CONSER­ Military authorities and Selective Service There was no obj~ction. VATION -OF MANPOWER ;- A~D SPEEDING are asking ;for legislation to put more WAR PRODUCTION . PERMISSION TO ADDRESS THE HOUSE men in the Army and inore men in essen­ Mr. BRYSON. Mr. Speaker, I ask Mr. CANFIELD. Mr. Speaker, I ask tial war industries, and yet our Govern- ' unanimous consent to proceed for 1 unanimous consent to address the House . ment has seen fit to approve an order to ininute. · · for · 10 minutes tomorrow immediately carrY on one of the most unessential in­ The SPEAKER. Is there objection to after disposition of· the regular business . dustries in tRe category. the request of the gentleman from South on the Speaker's desk and at the conclu­ The War Food Administration, I am Carolina? sion of any special orders heretofore en­ informed, has released 5,500,000 bushels There was no objection. tered. of corn to make the liquor. Now if there Mr. BRYSON. Mr. Speaker, we have The SPEAKER. Is there objection to is anyone, including the War Food Ad­ just had the privilege this morning of the request of the gentleman from New ministration itself, who can justify that hearing General Hershey, Director Jersey? . sort of thing, I would like to know it. of the Selective Service, explain the acute There was no objection. According· .. to Treasury · Department shortage of manpower both in and out of EXTENSION OF REMARKS . figures there are about 300,000,000 gal­ our armed forces. The general dealt very lons of bonded whisky in this country Mr. PITTENGER. Mr. Speaker, I ask at the present time-enough to last, even frankly with the subject, pointing out unanimou·s consent to extend my own re­ the grave necessity of digging further under present increased consumption, marks in the ~ECORD in connection with for a period of 3 or 4 years. into the barrel of manpower supply. H. R. 671, which has to do with the St. Special attention was called to instruc­ Everyone knows of the critical short­ Lawrence seaway proj~ct and to include age of tires needed by the armed forces tions lately .issued by War Mobilization in my remarks certain letters, corre­ as well as ~iviliaris. The Army needs an Director Byrnes, which have been passed spondence, and excerpts from statements on to. the local selective-service boards. extra supply of them right now, ·and yet and resolutions contained therein. alcohol that ought to go for making tires In view of this increased demand for The SPEAKER. Is there objection to men in our armed forces it seems most is used for making liquor. Fifty million the request of the gentleman from Min­ gallons of alcohol would . help make a appropriate that ·we should take· further nesota? stock to see wherein there may still be good many much needed tires. There was no objecticin. Millions of people in Europe are waste both of manpower and materials. Mr. MILLER of . Mr. Speak­ It is my purpose presently to reintro­ clamoring for our grain for food, and yet er, I ask unanimous consent to extend my our Government takes 5 500,000 bushels duce a House resolution · which was on own remarks in the Appendix of the REc­ 1 · the calendar of the Seventy-eighth Con­ ORD on the subject of insurance for old"" of corn as well as other products to make gress, bearing No. 2082, providing in its age recipients. · liquor alcohol. Farmers _and producers caption for, "To reduce absenteeism, con­ The SPEAKER. · Is there objection to have been requested by our Government serve manpower, and speed production of to increase the production of food.' They the request of the gentleman from Ne­ have been asked to raise more corn, more materials necessary for the winning of braska? the war." · There was no objection. wheat, more foods of all kinds. They · . It is my privilege now to welcome to the have delivered beyond all expectations a city and acknowledge the presence in the PERMISSION TO ADDRESS THE HOUSE tremendous crop in 1944. It was under­ gallery of Mrs. D. Leigh Colvin, national Mr. RAMEY. Mr.' Speaker, I aslt stood that every bit of this crop was to president; Mrs. Ida B. Wise Smith, unanimous consent that on Thursday go for essential war uses. Five million honorary national president; Miss Lily next after disposition of business on the five hundred thousand bushels of corn Grace Matheson, nat~onal corres-ponding Speaker's table ~nd a:t the conclusion of _would feed a lot of people •. 272 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 'JANUARY 16 · Right now the military and the Selec· The nations of·the world, Mr. Speak~r. troop duty and not for duty in Wash· tive Service are demanding a greater sup. will learn to work together by working ington. ply of mep for the armed forces to replace ·together. As I said on the floor of the The number of military personnel, as the thousand's being lost in battle. The House Monday, July 5, 1943: well as civilian personnel, on duty in the manufacture of essential materials for Our task is not easy. We must not make War Department is constantly r!;!viewed the fighting men was hever more criti· it more difficult than it is. We must not by a War Department set up for .. cal. and yet the War Production Board allow ourselves to tocus attention 'upon that purpose, and each War Department approves the manufa<;ture of beverage al. points of disagreement; we must apply our­ agency is required to maintain its cobol when there is a_supply of more thali selves to the things we have in common. strength within set quotas. People work together only When they have 300,000,000 gallons of whisky in the ware· a common purpose and when they work· on ·war 'Department policy requires all houses of this country. The manpower matters iri which they find a ·common inter­ officers for whom there are no appropri­ consumed in the making of this alcohol · est. Nations will learn to live td'gether in ate .· assignments within the Army and would help to some extent remedy the . the same way. for whom none are likely to occur, to be labor situation. · In our own-national development, we took declared surplus and separated from ac­ Mr. Speaker, this thing is· inexcusable. 'one step at a· time . . Committees of cor­ tive duty. Thousands have been so sep­ Why in the world should we divert the respondence acquainted the Colonies with arated and hundreds are so sepanated ' labor of hundreds of thousands of work­ each other before they formed the Conti­ each month. ers as well as the use of equipment in our nental Congress. Independence was. main­ ,tained under the Articles of Confederation All of these matters have.had the per. industrial plants to make alcohol for for several years before the Constitution came sonal attention of both the Chief of Staff, whisky when it is so much needed for the to form a more pel'fect union. General Marshall, and the Secretary of manufactur·~ of strategic materials? If ·war, Mr. Stimson . . · In the great responsibility that rests there is a shortage, why not' utilize at There are many officers passing least a part of the manpower now being ·upon this generation and this Congress, Mr. Speaker, that of launching interna­ through Washington ali of the time~of­ used in the wholesale and retail sale of . ficers on furlough, back from combat liquor? You talk about nonessential in­ . tiona! c·ooperation instead of strife, we ·must not try to ·find ways to fail. We areas for new assignment. These are, so dustries-is there anyone on the floor of to speak, ·on .their own.-· the House that believes 1,700 liquor places must try to succeed. The silnple, nat­ u,ral way is to start now with an interim Following the remarks of the gentle­ in Washington are necessary for the war ·man from Illinois LM:r. SABATHJ;an Asso­ effort? Why not take a little of that ·council devoting itself as best it can to ·the questions that arise from day to day. . ciated Press reporter made an investiga­ manpower and use it for more i:r:qportant . tion for his .own satisfaction. Following purposes? Incidentally, we are informed EXTENSION OF REMARKS is the story he wrote reporting his in- there must be a curtailment of the use vestigation: · of ·light. and heat. · It is said the school Mr. .HARRIS. Mr. Speaker, I ask period is to be cut 1 hour in some of our unanimdus consent to extend my re- . sABATH cLAIM CHALLENGED larger cities to save light and heat. marks in the RECORD and include therein .WASHINGTON, January 11.-Somebody's Nothing is being said about cutting the two very fine editorials, one on the ·the wrong. hours of cocktail bars· and liquor-places uniform air laws and the other on There's a story around this town that colo- that are run far into the night. unconditional surrender. . nels and and captains and Mr. Speaker, here is an example where The SPEAKER. Is there objection to spent! all their time messing around cocktaii the request of· the gentleman from · bars. in my judgment the Gove:rnment itself ? · Representative AnoLPH SABATH (Democrat, is interfering with the war effort. The There was no objection. Illinois) is one of the sponsors of the'story. order for making liquor is inexcusable. · · .. He took. a fast gander around one place and It does not make sense. It ought to be Mr. CLASON. Mr. Speaker, ·I ask reckoned that there were•30,000 officers who rescinded now. unanimous consent to extend my re- didn't seem to be doing anything. - EXTENSION OF -REMARKS marks in the RECORD and include thereip. So, in this manpower sh-ortage, this would an addi;:ess delivered by Gilbert H. be a good time to put them to good use, he Mr. RODGERS of Pennsylvania. Mr. Montague, of New York, on internatiomi.l . told the ;House Rules Committee. Speaker. I ask unanimous consent to ex· · trade agreements and carters. - so, we went out to find out. · tend my remarks in the RECORD and in· The SPEAKER. · Is there objection to And, somebody's wrong, like we said. elude an address by Senator Davis. It grieves us deeply to disagree with Judge the request of the gentleman from SABATH . who is one o~ our favorite people. The SPEAKER. Is there objection to Massachusetts? · · The judge is hereby empowered to call us the request of the gentleman from Penn· There was no objection. pronto and object. sylvania? WAR DEPARTMENT POLICY This search was not a hit-and-miss affair, There was no objection. It was cond~cted in all good faith, and it Mr. CASE of South Dakota. Mr. Mr. SPARKMAN. Mr. Speaker, I ask didn't produce for a minute any 30,000 om­ Speaker, I ask unanimous consent to unanimous consent to address the House cers fighting the war in cocktail bars. extend my own remarks in the Appendix for 1 minute and to revise and extend .To make it authentic, we took along with of the RECORD· and to · include a brief my remarks and include therein a brief us a full-fledged Nav-y lieutenan1; who- kept article taken . from the newspapers of newspaper article. . s::tying, · "Stop counting me twice in every place." . ·this morning on the opening of the new · The SPEAKER. Is there objection to :rhere was the Mayflower Hotel, pride of Leyte road. - the request of the gentleman .from . C.apital town. The cocktail bar was crowded. The SPEAKER. Is there objection to . Alabama? There were two captains, four WAVES, two the request of the gentleman from South There was no objec.tion. . · WAG's ·(inciuding a ), and an enlisted Dakota? Mr. SPARKMAN. . Mr. Sp_eaker, sev- man. '!'here was·no objection. eral days ago our esteemed colle:;tgue the There was the Shoreham, quite a place. LET US TAKE THIS STEP gentleman from Illinois . [Mr. SABATH], Perhaps. 300 people, mostly old folks. A . the dean of .the House, made .som~ state- - handful of officers, one or two Army .Mr. CASE of South · Dakota. Mr. men. Speaker, I ask unanimous consent to me'nts ori the floor with reference to the There was ~he Statler, a very fancy joint address the House for 1 minute. - service officers on duty in· Wa&hington indeed. The room was· peopled all right. The SPEAKER. Is there objection to . filling the cocktail bars. Without in any · Again it was old guys and old dolls. Four the request of the gentleman from South way condoning the offense that he re- WAVES came in. It was like fresh air. Dakota? ferred to, but simply ~n order-that there ·Now that's the way it was ..This might · There was no. objection. may not be any misunderstanding, I de- have been a bad night. But, just offhand, it Mr. CASE of South Dakota. Mr. sire to call -attention of .the House to . comes out like this: Speaker, I wish to go on record in favor some of the War Department policies. · Perhaps 1 or 2 percent of. the population in of the United States taking the step All officers under 2S, except in the the night clubs -consisted of Aqny or Navy toward post-war peace that has been rarest instances, are . not permitted to or Marine Corps officers. suggested by the chairman of the Senate · serve either· on temporary or permanent FARM LABOR DRAFT Committee on Foreign Relations; name­ duty in Washington. l\.1r. McKENZIE. Mr. Speaker, I ask ly;the creation of an interim council of To the utmost possible extent all qual. for unanimous consent to address the the nations associated in the war effort. ified troop-age officers are 'assigned to House for 1 minute. 1945 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 273 The SPEAKER. Is there objection to One group of loyal American citizens abide by the signed agreement and the the request of the gentleman from is particularly anxious as to the outcome peace of the world will be more secure. Louisiana? of this conference. They are Americans EXTENSION OF REMARKS There· was no tlbjection. who have come from Poland or are of Mr. McKENZIE. Mr. Speaker, I have Polish descent. They are seeing the des­ Mr. HOFFMAN. Mr. Speaker, I . ask ·been told that food is essential to the war tiny of their fatherland determined while unanimous consent to extend my re­ effort. I also understand that farming it remains the main battlefield of . the marks in the RECORD and to include a has been declared an essential inQustry. Eastern European war fro:pt and while newspaper article. This morning I had occasion to attend most of its people are still subjugated .by The SPEAKER. Is there objection to a. caucus, at which there was present Germany and unable to speak for them­ the request of the gentleman from Michi­ Hershey, where there was selves. They are particularly concerned gan? discussed the relation to and the effect that the principles of the Atlantic Char­ There was no objection. on agriculture of the new draft direc-: ter be affirmed. DR4FTING MEN FOR JOBS tive. I understood the general to say Many Americans have ties, freshly Mr. HOFFMAN. Mr. Speaker, I ask that 31 percent of our population was broken, with other lands. They are engaged in agriculture. I understood unanimous consent to address the House fighting and making extraordinary sac­ for 1 minute and to revise and extend the general to say further that 43 per­ rifices for our country, the United States. my remarks. cent of the men in the armed forces Yet, they are intensely interested in the - The SPEAKER. Is there objection to came from the farm group. • future of the land from which they or the request of the gentleman from Michi­ Now, then, Mr. Speaker, if that is true, their parents came to this country. It 'gan? very obviously agriculture has been may be Great Britain, , Norway, There was no objection . .rankly discriminated against or it must Italy, Russia, Holland, Belgium, or not be deemec,i by the Selective Service Mr. HOFFMAN. Mr. Speaker, when Greece. I am sure that they desire and we are talking about drafting men for to be an essential industry. I think these · fully expect each ·of these countries to .figures will be of interest to the Mem- jobs we should keep in mind two situa­ eme·rge from this terrible war as free and tions. Here is one which came in a letter bers of the House, and I pass them to independent nations; free and independ- .from a farmer 70 years old who had just you for what they are worth, as,· if the . ent in the form of government which been released from a hospital: above-quoted figures are correct, then .their people may choose; free and inde­ the agricultural group has contributed pendent .within their boundaries, fixed When I got home, Gussie- nearly 40 percent more men . tha]1 its after the war by agreements to which That is his daughter, 35 years old-:­ ·quota, base·d on population, and this does they are willing parti€s. Only the peo- ·was milking 6 fresh cows, taking care of 30 not include those from the farm group . ple of Poland, of all the peoples of the head of cattle, and doing the other farm who have gone into other war industry. United Nations, are in doubt as to their 'chores. She had "learned" 5 cows to drink PERMISSION TO -ADDRESS THE HOUSE future. No questions are expected to be out of a pail without knocking their brains out. Mr. LANE. Mr. Speaker, I ask unani­ raised concerning the independence and mous consent that today, at the conclu­ territorial integrity of ·any United Na­ Keep that in mind in connection with sion of the legislative ·program and fol­ tion which is not on the mainland of a report that came from Michigan this lowing any special orders heretofore en­ Europe. The principles of the Atlantic morning that there were 266,000 indus­ tered, I may be permitted to address the Charter, whether or not reduced to writ­ . trial workers, so called, drawing unem­ .House for 7 minutes. . ing, will apply to them. These princi­ - ployment compensation in Michigan. The SPEAKER. ·Is there objection to ples'should also ~pply not o·nly to France, Of the accuracy of that figure I have the request of the gentleman from Mas- Norway, Italy, Belgium, and Greece~ but no knowledge. To me it seems exagger­ sachusetts? . · also to Poland. ated. But from the Lieutenant Gover­ There was no objection. We are fighting to destroy forever the nor of Michigan came a wire stating that power and the will of the Axis NatiOI].S to there were 13,456 workers drawing un­ THE UNITED STATES SHOULD URGE THE resume the roles of aggressor nations af­ employment compensation in Michigan. ADOPTION OF THE PRINCIPLES OF THE ter this war .. The people of the United It does seem that, when a woman has ATLANTIC CHARTER States will assume such obligations upon so much farm work, a few of .those who Mr. CLASON. Mr. Speaker, I ask our part as are necessary to accomplish are drawing · unemployment benefits unanimous consent to ~ddress the House this purpose. But that is not all. We should be able to find work. for 1 minute, and to revise and extend are fighting for a new world made up of If there are even 13,456 who cannot my remarks. peoples and of nations free and inde­ find jobs, there would appear to be no The SPEAKER. Is there objection to pendent as to their own internal desti­ need to draft men for jobs. the request of the gentleman from Mas­ nies, friendiy and in their sachusetts? · relations with each other, just and con­ SWEARING IN OF A MEMBER There was no objection. siderate in their dealings with minority Mr. CRAWFORD. Mr. Speaker, on Mr. CLASON. Mr. Speaker, on Janu­ groups within their lands. account of illness I have not heretofore . ary 20, 1945, will come the fourth inaugu­ ·The peoples of the Uuited Nations ·now taken the oath of office, and should like ·. ration of Franklin D. Roosevelt as Presi­ or formerly occupied by the enemy have to do so at this time. dent of the United States. Shortly_there­ fought va:Iiantly. They deserve to have The SPEAKER. The gentleman will after he will attend a conference of the• their futures determined .by the princi­ present himself at the bar of the House. .heads of the three greatest powers of the ples of the Atlantic Charter. Since Pres­ Mr. CRAWFORD appeared at the bar United Nations, Great Britain, Russia ident Roosevelt sent his famous message of the House and t~ok the oath of office. and the United States. He will go forti- COMPOSITION OF HOUSE COMMITTEES ·fied with the knowledge that the people to Congress on August' 21, 1941, stating of ·the United States, Republicans and· therein the prihciples orally agreed upon l\,ir. McCORMACK. Mr·. Speaker, I Democrats aliKe, believe in the princi­ by Mr. Churchill and himself in their offer a resolution and ask for its im­ ples laid down in the Atlantic Charter. famous conferences at , the people mediate consideration. They regret that the Atlantic Charter is of the United States have believed that The Clerk read the resolUtion

order on tomorrow, Calendar Wednes­ Mr. MARTIN of Massachusetts. What CONTINUATION OF COMMITTEE ON day, be dispensed with. has happened to the Boren committee? POST-WAR MILITARY POLICY Mr. MARTIN of Massachusetts. Mr. Mr. McCORMACK. I am just a,dvis­ Mr. COLMER, from the Committee on Speaker, reserving the right to object, _ ing the genY,leman and the Members as Ru1es, submitted the fol1owing privileged will the gentleman tell us what he has on to the information I have as to what the resolution (H. Res. 55) to establish a the program for tomorrow? Rules Committee has done this morning. select committee on past-war military Mr. McCORMACK. I will be very glad I am unable to answer that question. policy (Rept. No. 2~) . which was re­ to. The Committee on Naval Affairs, as Such rule has not been reported out yet. ferred to the House Calendar and ordered I was informed by its able chairman. has I assume therefore it is still in the com­ printed: • already reported or will today report mittee. Resolved, That the Select Committee on H. R. 621. That is a bill providing for the Mr. MARTIN of Massachusetts. A Post-war Military Policy is authorized to transfer of the V-12 program of the Navy great many newspaper publishers continue the investigation begun under into the naval R. 0. T. C. and raises the throughout the country believe that the authority of House Resolution 465 , of the limit, as I understand it, from 7,200 to existence of the so-called Boren commit· Seventy-eighth Congress, and for such pur­ 24,000 during the war, and thereafter in tee has been very helpful to them-in se .. poses said committee shall have the same peacetime to 14,000. The chairman of curing newsprint. power and authority as that conferred upon it ,by said House , Resolution 465 of the the Committee on Naval Affairs informs Mr. McCORMACK. I am quite aware Seventy-eighth Congress. me that he intends to ask unanimous of the fact that the American newspaper consent tomorrow for the consideration publishers are very much interested in SELECT CPMMI'ITEE ON SMALL BUSINESS and passage of that bill. it and they have been very delicately ef­ Mr. SABATH, from .the Committee on Mr. MARTIN of Massachusetts. I fective in transmitting their interest in Rules, submitted the following privileged - understand if the unanimous-consent re­ it to the members, I assume; at least I resolution

form us what those elements will be. and Mr. MAN2FIELD of Montana. As far · both · notable and noticeable. I should I how far it is likely to go. as I know, Dr. Hu Shih does not have a like to ·add that this school, known as Mr. MANSFIELD of Montana. The position with the Government but is car­ Little Fort Bepning, is under the com­ gentleman will pardon nie if I miss some rying on rese~rch work and can be found mand of Brig. Gen. Frank Darn, who portions of those questions. I will try to almost any time ovE;r in the Congres- has done a grand job in activating the answer them as best I can. • · sional Library. :Y Force in Yunnan and on the Salween. . There is more democracy in the north- Mr. CANFIELD. I know he has made Mr. ROBSION of Kentucky. My pur­ west area than in the area under the a great contribution . toward -our better pose is not to be critical, but those con­ 'control of the Kuomintang. I mean by understanding of China. ditions are important and what those that that on certain · specific occasions Mr. MANSFIELD of Montana. · He is a conditions are is what I want· to find out. the people in that area have the right to real diplomat. · Mr. MANSFIELD of M(mtana. I ap­ express their wishes through a voting Mr. ROBSION of Kentucky. Mr. preci-ate ·the gentleman's interest. The procedure, as i: have trl~d -to point out Speaker, will ·the gentleman_ yield? ·. · c_onditions' have been very much im- before. They have had the opportunity· · : Mr. MANSFIELD· of Montana. I yield proved. . · .to declare themselves"in favor· of lower- -to . the dis~inguished gentleman from The SPEAkER pro tempore. The time ,ing 'of land rents, usurious rates of in- Kentucky. .. of the gentleman f:rbm Montana ·has terest, and things of_that sort.· -In Kuo-:- . Mr. RO:BSION of Kentucky. Some ~ga~n expired. · 'min tang China those reforms have not months. ago we were informed-or per- · EXTENSI?N OF ~~-ARKS .been pushed .because ·in ·that area · of haps the gentleman w:~s ·present-by · Ch.ina are found the .landlords. and · th~ some of our ·Army leaaers as to the · . Mr. KNUTSON. Mr . .. Speaker, I ask merchants who are in the ascendancy; armles of China. This important leader unanimous_cdnsent to extend-my re:rrtarks and they are the ones who are in controL made the categorical statement•that the in the RECORD. They .are· the ones who are making the Chinese armies· had been. and were then The SPEAKER p'ro tempore ,­ finds it difficult. I tbink in time Chiang - Mr. MANSFIELD of Montana. . Ne; I provid!ng," ~or _the ~ontinuatio~ . of the Kai-shek will succeed in spreading the did. not, but I do want to· emphasize the SpeciaL Committee-· to Investigat~ the· principles of Dr. Sun Yat-sen· so that all fact that tlie Ametic·an military men in· Conse:r,vation of Wildlife --the House today on"· pe'rsonai'ly,-although,lltriow.'of hihi. a training- ·school · to . which' 'we biihg: :the- ~ sam:e ·· s:uhject:~ ·1-:liact· houett-t&-gBt, · ·Mr; CANFlE-LI>. - I wondet ifthe.gen-:. Chinese ·offi.cers.~ 'Wherr·ttrey ·have-com-. · time-on· yesterday_to ··make· -this speech,-:· tleman·knows wheth.erDr.·Hu..Shih haS" pleted' . their-training, ~ they-are · sent into : liut;·t>f course, due -to · the:: sad-paSsing of. a-pasition ~ in· the Government· at ·this.. the-neid-·an:d-the-resulting· eifectivehess · our colleague the. gentleman from Mon-· time. of the troops under their command is t'ana, Mr. O'CONNOR, we did not transact 284 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE JANUARY 16 any other business. So I have asked for stricted licensing had been employed to sup­ Mr. Speaker, I am no lawyer, and I do this time today because I feel that the press competition in the manufacture of un­ . not· presume to pass upon the propriety matter contained in that speech in the patented glassware and to maintain prices or rightness of the majority opinion of of the manufactured product. The findings the Supreme Court, but I do know that it Appendix of the RECORD is of such mo­ ar~ full and adequate ang are supported by. ment that I am justified in presenting it evidence, much of it contemporary writings . is a completely anomalous and indefen­ here when some Members may care to of corporate defendants of their officers and sibl-e position for the great Federal Gov­ listen to what I have to say. agents. ernment of the United States to remain On December 18, 1943, I addressed the powerless when the very grants which it House on a bill which was then num- The majority opinion continues as fol- gives are used as weapons in an illegal bered H. R. 3874, the to which was lows: conspiracy against the public interest. "An act to ~upplement existing laws It is clear that, by cooperative arrange­ The use made of th.ese patents is illegal against unlawful restraints and manop- ments and binding agreements, the appell~nt under our present laws. It takes no olies, and for other purposes." corporations, over a period of years, regulated amendment of the antitrust laws to make That bill has been reintroduced and is and suppressed · competition in the use of this use in restraint of trade illegal. now numbered H. R. 97. !?lass-making machinery and employed their JOint patent position -to allocate fields of The only question, therefore, is This bill aims to provide that a patent manufacture and to maintain prices of un- whether admittedly illegal conduct in the holder may no longer enforce his patent patented glassware. . use of a patent does not result in the loss if he is found in regular judicial pro­ The first point I want to make there­ of the .patent. The majority four of the ceedings. to have illegally used his patent fore, is that 'there is no question dr doubt Supreme Court did not think that they in restraint of trade and · commerce. in the opinion of the majority of the 'had the power to grant this public relief. Very briefly, there are four main provi­ Court tl}.at this had violated If that is_ so, then the Congress should .sions in the bill. the law; that it was guilty of action in make it clear that the courts· do have First, it would authorize the UJ;lited restraint of trade of the most :fiagrant that power. · · States to intervene in any Federal court sort. The High Court upheld completely Mr. Speaker, this goes to the very heart proceeding involving infringement or the the findings of the district court in that of the American economic system. It is validity of patents. This is to assure rep~ regard. upon the control of patents and patent resentation in the courts of the public The conspirators had a definite pro- pools that international cartels have interest so often disregarded in patent . gram to misuse patents-that is, to mis­ been built up. It is because of the power litigation and, aftez: all, the most impor­ use public grants from the Federal Gov­ that patents give that it was possible for tant single interest involved therein. In ernment. They stated that they had ac­ our country to be confronted with serious . the secon~ place, it would require ·regis­ quired these patents with the intention­ s~ortages of sy.nthetic rubber, magne­ . tration of,patent agreements, a proposal smm and many other commodities which which has been advanced by both indus­ ~nd I quote from. a memorandum of pol­ ICY from the files of this company itself we needed badly for this war. We know try and Government agencies for a good which was published by the Temporary that patents and the control of patents many years. In the third place it would National Economic Committee: . have been used to restrain technology at render unenforceable patents which are home and to keep out those new com­ illegally used to restrain trade or com­ To block the development of machines panies and new enterprises which at the merce or to establish monopoly. This, ~hi~h • might be constructed by others . and to secure patents on possible conclusion of this war, should l~ad the . of course, is the heart of the bill. In the Improvements of competing machines so as way toward an era of prosperity and in­ fourth place, it would permit determina­ to "fence in" these and prevent their reach­ dustrial employment in this Nation. tion of the valiqity and scope of patents ing ?-n improved state. If one of the major policies of this in, antitrust proceedings. Government for 50 years has been to In providing for the cancelation of a As Justice Black stated in his dissent: prevent restraint of trade in an effort patent which has been employed as a · These patents were the major weapons in to .maintain a free enterprise system, part of an illegal conspiracy or nionop- the campaign. to subjugate ~he industry. · then surely monopoly grants by the Fed­ oly, the bill will give assurance . to the public that patents will be used for pur- Mr. Speaker, the Supreme Court found e~al Government, which can only be poses within the constitutional grant, that Hartford-Empire had grossly via­ given to. promote science and the use­ namely, for the promotion of science and lated the antitrust laws, and yet the rna- ful arts, should be withdrawn if these .. the useful arts. jority of four judges-since three judges grants are used against the fundamental The Supreme Court in a recent deci- disqualified themselves and did not sit­ policy of this country. sian has referred to the patent as a prop- felt that it did not have the power under I will not take time to catalog further ·erty right, but I wish to point out that the existing antitrust statutes to keep instances where the control of pate_nts, after all it is a property right which has Hartford-Empire from enforcing in the· for example-, b_v the Standard Oil Co. of been granted ·by Government action and future the 600 or more patents which it ~ew Jersey and I. G. Far.ben were re­ would not exist at all without this action.. had . acquired for the very purpose of sponsible for blocking the development The necessity for a.ction upon my bill using them in restraint of trade, in which of syntl;letic rubber in the United States . is made immediately appa;rent by the re- way it had so misused those 600 patents. and for giving to Germany the benefit cent decision of the Supreme Court in . This decision was handed down by four through that one .giant corporation· of the case 9f the Hartford-Empire co. Justices of the Supreme Court: Justices theirs of a great many patents controlled against United States, which was handed Roberts, Stone, Frankfurter, and Reed. in this country by our own corporations. down a week ago on yesterday. This was Three Justices did not sit: Justices Doug­ Those who oppose increasing Govern­ a case where this company had gotten las, Jackson, and. Murpliy. Two Justices ment control and increasing Government complete control of 600 patents and used dissented: Justices Black and Rutledge. operations in the field of business should them in a conspiracy to restrain trade.- It was, therefore, a 4-to-2 decision. think twice of the consequence3 of what The entire glass-container industry ,is As Justice Rutledge pointed out in his is the present state of the law, hamely, controlled through a gigantic patent dissent, "The effect of the majority deci­ that according to the majority of the pool. Only 2 results of' this patent pool sian is to say that men who have acquired Supreme Court even when the patents controlling these processes are improp­ are to make consumer$ pay more for food property by violating the Sherman Act erly .used for the very purpose of main­ products put up in glass jars and to pre~ · have as much right to their property as vent new companies from going into the · other .men who have not." taining prices and of keeping out new glass-container industry. The Supreme Court referred to the fact enterprise, the Federal Government There is no doubt whatsoever about the that the Congress had failed to pass sup­ which gave the patents is powerless to facts in the Hartford-Empire Co. case. porting legislation providing imposition enforce a remedy. ·. The majority opinion of the Supreme of a penalty as to patents used in viola­ The Court said that the ·patents were Court, given by Justice Roberts, states: . tion of the antitrust laws and at least in illegally acquired and illegally used. The The district court found that invention of . part based its decision upon the absence Court said that this was a violation of glass-making machinery had been discour- of positive legislation by the Congress the antitrust laws. But it then decided aged, that competition in the· manufacture providing for penalties in cases of this that in the future this monopoly of pat­ and sale or licensing of such machinery had kind. My bill aims to correct that situ­ ents should be able to get a "reasonable ,been suppressed, and that the system of re- ation. royalty'' undet its licenses. · 1945 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 285 In plain terms to a layman, this means which the bill was referred. I hope ear­ Considerable areas of agricultural land that the monopoly is to be able to charge· nestly for early consideration thereof. are now lying idle and more may be ex­ admission before allowing anyone to go I close, Mr. Speaker, with a paragraph pected to follow. Also because of the into the glass-container industry. Its from tbe dissenting opinion of Justice shortages of competent farm help, farm­ r'ight to charge that admission is based Rutledge where he said, and I quote: ers are 'switching to the producing of upon admittedly illegal combinations of When the patent holder . so far over­ crops that can be handled largely with patents. In other words, the defendants reaches his privilege as to intrude upon the the aid of machinery. This will result are to be permitted to make what is rights of others and the public protected by in serious shortages in certain essential called a reasonable profit ·out of their the antitrust legisl!'J>tion and does this in items. Favorable climatic conditions admittedly illegal acts . . When a banl{ such a way that he cannot further exercise have kept production, as a whole, up to robber is caught in the act of robbing a that privilege without also trespassing upon the rights thus protected, either his right normal, but these favorable conditions bank, we do not customarily say to him or the other person's and the public right cannot be counted upon to continue. that he will be permitted to get a rea- must give way. It is wholly incongruous in Two or three bad crop years, which it is sonable amount out of the bank and no ·such circumstances to say that tJ:le privi­ only natural for us to expect, would place more. Neither do we tell him that as. lege of the trespasser shall be preserved and our reserves of foodstuffs at a danger­ long as he does not rob any more banks the rights of all others which he has tres­ ously ·low level. the fact that he did rob a couple will be paesed against shall continue to give way to Now then, our obligations both at of no consequence to us. , the consequences of his wrongdoing. home and abroad are enormous. All of The defendants in this case were The SPEAKER pro tempore. The our allies are calling for foodstuffs and smart enough to foresee what would hap- time of the gentleman from California in addition we have committed ourselves pen. Justice Black in his dissent recites has expired. Under a previous order of to· furnish food to all of the liberated a memorandum in which an officer of the House, the gentleman from Oregon countries, af least until they can get ~ one of the defendant companies set forth [Mr. STOCKMAN] is recognized for 15 back to normal production again. While, _ the benefits to be obtained even though minutes. I feel that we should be absolutely sure the monopoly was found to be-illegal. I FARM LABOR AND ARMY MANPOWER that these shipments are needed, and read from that meJllorandum: that they get into the hands of those that Mr. STOCKMAN. Mr. Speaker, to fill Of course, the court might order that we do need them, still there is no doubt but transfer the entire Federal licensing business .the increased need for physically fit what a certain amount of imported food to some other party and turn over to that young nien for the armed forces, both is necessary to prevent starvation and party the Federal patents. This, of course, the Army and Navy have an eye on ap­ general chaos. A hungry, unemployed, would simply restore to a certain extent the· proximately 365;000 able-bodied young and neglected people are in no mood to existing situation and establish a competi7 farmers in this country, who are between cooperate in the organizing of a free tor • * * I * * * do not see much the ages of 18 and 25, and who have so · world, which we all hope will result from danger of having any · of these deals up­ far been deferred. The Director of the this war. Already, we are told that large set. * * * If they are upset, I still be­ .Selective Service has now. instructed the lieve that by that time, we will be in a better numbers of Italians and some French in­ position even with such dissolution than we local draft boards to go through all .of sist that they were better off under Ger­ would be otherwise. t~ese cases. with ~ fine-tooth comb for man regimentation than they are under tne purpose of determining just how Allied freedom. Consequently, t9 further I submit, Mr. Speaker. that under all many of them could be released for. mili­ reduce our agricultural or livestock pro­ the circumstances of this decision what tary duty. duction may result in serious conse­ has in effect been done is to give an in- At this point, let me make myself quences.. vitation to people to violate the anti- clear. I do not want to give the impres­ Mr. GROSS. Mr. Speaker, will the trust laws of the country by saying, ''If sion that, so· far as the men themselves gentleman yield? . you do violate them, all we shall ask of -are concerned, one man has a higher Mr. STOCKMAN. Yes; I will be glad you is that you shall reform your ways obligation to defend his country than to yield to the gentleman from Penn­ in the future and charge no more than another, or that the life of one man is sylvania. a reasonable fee for the patents which more valuable than that of anotner. Mr. GROSS. It is pretty well estab­ you have in the past abused." I do not .That is not the case. The whole matter lished that there are several million sol­ believe that that is sound policy. is simply a question of what is best for diers in this country, men in uniform, After this decision, Mr. Speaker, the the country as a whole. So far as it is who would like to go into foreign service, responsibHity for affirmative action humanly possible, each man should be is it not? which will strengthen the· patent system , assigned to· the task where he is best Mr. STOCKMAN. Yes; that has been and will take the value out of illegal con- fitted and where he can render the great­ brought to my attention a number of duct in the misuse of patents rests with est service .to the country. For some times. · . the Congress. The Sherman Act has tasks men can be trained in a matter of Mr. GROSS. It is ,generally admitted . been regarded as the fundamental state- months, or even weeks; others take there is overstaffing everywhere and that ment of legislative policy in the field of years. Men cannot be trained to operate in industrial plants, in many plants, economic doctrine. I still regard it as and mai.1age a modern agricultural or one-third of the employees could be such. Erosions of the effectiveness of the livestock set-up in less than 5 or 6 years. taken out and production could be antitrust laws should be prevented. I Therefore, vast numbers of these de­ stepped up notwithstanding? offer H. R. 97 for this purpose. ferred farmers are simply irreplaceable. Mr. STOCKMAN. I do not know just This bill, in my judgment, is needed if No qualified operator of a substantial what the percentage is, but I am con­ the Congress is to do the job of prevent- agricultural set-up should be inducted vinced that most of our war plants could ing increasing monopolistic control of into the armed forces until definite proof operate just as efficiently with less men . .American industry. In all probability is submitted that a competent person is Mr. GROSS. Men are not only com­ our No. 1 danger as far as our do- availaWe to take his place. Food is just plaining about it, but they are boasting mestic problems are concerned in the as necessary to winning the war as is about doing nothing and· getting exces­ post-war perjod will be the increasing ammunition or ships, or planes. This sive wages. Is .it not true also that to march of monopoly until at last our Nation has obligated itself' not only to have a good farm ' hand he has got to much vaunted and highly prized- eco- maintain its own population on a rea­ grow up with the job? · nomic liberty is threatened in the whole sonably high standard of living, but it Mr. STOCKMAN. That is certainly United States. such an eventuality we h9,S more or less obligated itself to fur­ correct. . simply must prevent. The Supreme nish foodstuffs to large sections of tpe Mr. GROSS. He has to understand Court decision to which I have ad-: world. livestock and the operation of modern verted is utterly inadequate to do so. It . Already the large reserves of . certain farm equipment or he just cannot be leaves the door wide 'open for a continu- agricultural commodities which we had used to any advantage. Those are well­ . ance of these practices. on hand when this war broke out are ex- established facts, are they not? For that reason, I-most earnestly urge hausted, or practically so, while the de­ Mr. STOCKMAN. A farm hand has consideration of H. R. 97 by the ·appro- mand is increasing from day to day. As to learn the business from the ground up. priate committee of the House, which of more nations are' liberated the greater is Mr. GROSS. He has to know when an course is . the Judiciary Committee, to the demand for American foodstuffs. animal is not coming up. to the trough 286 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE JANUARY 16 and eating· and drinking. He has to to draft all of the deferred· II-C farm are being obtained. Men like this are know· about how to start his tractor. A help, the residue of our farm ·help. It · happier doing something that keeps lot of these old fellows who they say developed at that hearing that there them in uniform than they would be could do this work could do it if there is were other sources of men who were back in civilian life. I understand that a young fellow along to show them how to eligible besides the farmers. But. com­ in the past it has been our practice to keep the machine running for them. I ing back particularly to the farm situa­ ask men who have been wounded in ac­ want to commend the gentleman for tion, i would ask the gentleman if he tion. or who have contracted certain making a very factual statement, as I knows, in his own district, where he is diseases whether or' not they wished to understand it, and I want to say I do familiar with the situation, whether, if remain in the service or to accept med­ understand it. they keep on taking the farm help that ical discharges~ Many of these men Mr. STOCKMAN. I thank the gentle­ is left, the li-C's, we are not coming to were anxious to return home and jumped man for his comments. a condition ·where many of those farms at the chance to· be discharged, frequent- Mr. ANGELL. Mr. Speaker, will the will go out of production. · ly when ther should have remained in gentleman yield? Mr. STOCKMAN. That is jus.t exactlY. the service for further treatment. Mr. STOCKMAN. l gladly yield to what wrn happen. Others, more nearly disabled, elected to · the gentleman from Oregon. Mr. O'HARA. If the gentleman will remain in the service and quite anum­ Mr. ANGELL. I would like tci call to yield further, in handling this· problem, ber have since- returned to ·combat. A the attention of the House the fact that does not the gentleman feel that both the good many of those who returned to ci­ the gentleman who is now addressing us executive and legislative branches of the vilian life would now like to get back in is a practical farmer with many years of Government in considering the over-an uniform but will not be accepted. It experience. May I ask the gentleman war picture should, along with the de­ seems that these fellows just simply do what length of time he has· been engaged mands of the armed services, consider not fit in as civilians. They become rest­ in farming and what type of farming it the needs of production? less a·nd impatient, and quite often get .. has been? . . . Mr. STOCKMAN. Yes. Getting help mixed up in mischief. They know that Mr. STOCKMAN. I spent 20 years for our production forces is just about most of their buddies are still in uniform growing wheat in eastern Oregon on dry · as important as supplementing our fight­ so they, for some reason or another, do land and under semiarid conditions. ing forces: Until those two phases of not feel right where they are. The Ger-. . Mr. ANGELL. You have practically the over-all problem can be coordinated mans and the Russians have correctly spent your entire adult life in comiec­ we cannot solve this. appraised the mentality of the disabled tion with this work? 1 thank both the gentieman from Min­ serviceman and have found him some• Mr. STOCKMAN. That is right; I nesota and the gentleman from Oregon thing to do where he can still feel that he have spent my entire adult life so far in for their contributions. is a part of the fighting forces. While I this work. · This brings me to the point that I con­ do not advocate tliat we go as far as those Mr. ANGELL. The observations which sider of extreme impo-rtance. I would countries have gone, nevertheless, I am the gentleman has made, to a consider­ like to suggest to the leaders of our armed bringing this out to show.that impor_tant able extent, are based on his actual prac­ forces that they do s.ome selecting and results can be obtained from physically tical experience in the operation of large drafting of manpowe~ within their own handicapped men when they are prop­ farming undertakings? organizations. This has been called to erly assigned. Mr. STOCKMAN. I think they are the attention of the Army and Navy of­ · It would seem. to me that any of these practical, and certainly they are first­ ficials many times, but, as yet, I have men who have been out as much as 3 - hand. heard of little or nothing being done months and want to get back in should· I ·thank both the· gentleman from about it. It is commonly believed · that . be given another. and rather liberal Pennsylvania and the gentleman from the armed forces, and especially the physical examination, and if at all ac­ Oregon for their valuable contributions. Army, are the greatest wasters of man­ ceptable should be .taken back in the Mr. ELLSWORTH. Mr. Speaker, will power in the country. While it is not service. Such men are usually young, the gentleman yield? possible to get actual figures, a little pre­ without a trade or profession, and since Mr. STOCKMAN. Gladly. liminary investigating convinces. me that they already have a military background · Mr. ELLSWORTH. I should like also from the something like 12,000,000 men they should be of more value· to the to commend the statement being made which we now have iri the armed forces, armed forces than as civilian employees. by the gentleman, because 1 think it is at least 1,000,000 physically fit and But there is still . another source of especially timely now that the man­ thoroughly able-bodied members are untapped manpower that should be power need is being emphasized by the now assigned to duties that could very taken advantage of immediately. Ire~ executive department of the Govern­ well be performed by older men. women~. fer specificaUy to the tens of thousands ment. I wish also to call the gentle­ or men who are now classified as IV-F. of young Frenchmen and Belgians who man's attention to the fact that not only One has only to travel across the are idl~ng their time away while our boys are·men being discharged from the Army 'country by train to see the large number are fighting and dying for their liberty. who ar-e physically unfit for service but, of physically fit young men who are as­ A few months ago I had occasion to to my personal knowledge, quite a num­ signed as M. P.'s, S. P.'s, or guards, when make a trip to Europe-a trip on which I ber of men are being discharged who are older men or men less physically fit could was accompanied by some of you gen­ physically fit. I know that in one area perform the duties just as well. Large tlemen present at this time. I will never in ·my district quite a number. of men numbers of physically qualified men are forget the impression that I received who are apparently physically :fit have assigned to branches of the service like upon seeing all these young men who been discharged with no other statement paymaster's office, the Quartermaster seeme~ to be doing little or nothing. The on the discharge than that they are being Corps, ordnance. kitchen police, the thought occurred to me at 'the time, w})y released at the convenience of the Gov­ band, and almost any number of other cannot large numbers of these men be ernment. Meanwhile, that local board is such organizations, when ph8sically put in uniform and be permitted to. fight inducting its usual quota, and at one handicapped men or women could take for the freedom of their country? time they were discharging more than over. Likewise, large numbers are sta­ There are a number of reasons why they were taking ·in. I think this also tioned in places such as Panama, Trini­ these young fellows should be required to should be called to the attention of this dad, Alaska, Newfoundland, north enter the armed forces. In the first House and the draft authorities. · Africa, and other such areas where the place, it is their country that we are Mr. STOCKMAN. So do I. likelihood of any kind of combat is very seeking to free, and if anyone ·should Mr. O'HARA. Mr. Speaker, will the remote. Why keep able-bodied young have to fight to drive out an invader, it· gentleman yield? · men on such ,duties and in such locations is the native population. These people Mr. STOCKMAN. I gladly do so. when others less physically ·fit could do · have already shown that they intend to Mr. O'HARA. It happens that we had the job? take a hand in shaping the afiairs of General Hershey before a- group of us I am advised that both the Russians western Europe, so there seems no logical this morning discussing this condition, and the Germans are now using disabled reason why they should not be obliged which has. existed since his recent order veterans who have lost an arm or a leg. to bear a share of the burden in bring.;. of January 3, under which many of us or an eye, for such duties as exacting as ing this war to a successful conclusion. felt that dralt boards had been notified engineers. and that satisfactory results . On top of these obligations, I want to 1945 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 287 tell you that .it is not a good thing to · bad feet or arches. In a few days or to our aims and objectives beyond mere have thousands of young fellows loung­ weeks they were given medical discharges survival. Britain and Russia, remember-· ing around in idleness. Such conditions as being unfit for military service. Had ing our about-face after the last war; are ideal breeding grounds for com­ these men been assigned to the Trans­ cannot wait to determine if the dead munism, anarchy, and general crime and portation Corps or a medical unit or hand of isolationism will reappear to lawlessness. bakers' school this would not have paralyze our foreign rolicy. For their We are told that there. are at· least happened. own security, they are resorting to the 3,000,000 young men fully capable of It is time that we take invento-ry of our practical measures of power politics. bearing arms in these 2 countries. If resources and eliminate this extrava­ Our enemies are delighted by this turn only 1,000,000 of them could be used, gance· of our military leaders. Other­ of events; our friends are dismayed. think what it would mean to our over.; wise, we are heading-toward impoverish~ Politically · we have lost much ground, taxed farms and industries. And on. top ment of both our industrial life and our . and for that we niu'st share a large part of that, it would restore to those people youn~ manhood. of the blame. · · a measure of self-respect which they Mr. GROSS. Mr. Speaker,_ will the · It would be a strange and bitter mock­ have never regained since they were gentleman yield? · ery if the victories our men are winning overrun by the Nazis in 1940. I was in- . · Mr. STOCKMAN. I gladly yield to at such sacrifice on the battle fronts formed that large numbers would volun­ the gentleman from Pennsylvania. · were to be lost by our political inaptitude t eer for military service if they were Mr. GROSS. According to an article on the diplomatic front. only given the chance. So far, it ap­ appearing · in Nation's 'Business,· the.re · As of the moment our foreign policy pears as though our military leaders have are 3,000,000 men over there who _are is one of extreme caution-when con-' felt that we did not need any more help. refused arms because of power politics. structive leadership is required. We are . The enemy certainly has not over­ Mr. STOCKMAN. Yes; that is about allowing others to set the course of re­ looked any opportunity to acquire addi.; the figures that I have. adjustment into . dangerous channels tiona! troops, regardless of the source. · Mr. GROSS. · Now, it is proposed that which will perpetuate tension. The The Germans have taken every man they we send the materials to put them to moral leadership of the United States is ~ould get from their satellite natiohs, work in manufacturing munitions of presently adrift. such as Hungary, Rumania, Bulgaria, war for our men to fight with. · According IB the wake of our liberating armies and Slovakia. But they have not to the article in Nation's Business that we have left not hope but despair. Two­ stopped at this. They have even en-· is the idea· that some of the military thirds of Italy have been released from couraged "'Considerable numbers of p:ds.: · men have. That is a far cry from . ' The people should be over.; oners of war to . enlist in the fighting Churchill's statement to us of some time joyed, but they are not, for the simple forces. Oddly enough, some of these ago saying, "Give us the munitions of ;t·eason that they are cold and hungry~ mercenary or non-German soldiers are war and we will do the fighting." If this situation is allowed to continue, reported under certain conditions, es­ · Mr. STOCKMAN. The gentleman is these disillusioned people cannot be blamed if they long for the return of pecially in defensive fighting, to com­ ·9uite correct. a: pare favoraWy with dyed-in-the-wool tyranny which at· least gave them food Nazis. The Japanese are likewise re­ EXTENSION OF REMARKS and clothing. And in winning the war ported to be using considerable numbers Mr. HORAN. Mr. Speaker, I ask we shall have lost it. · of Koreans, Mongolians, Manchurians, unanimous consent to extend my re­ . I, for one, cannot understand how we and north Chinese. Then, in the face marks in the body of the RECORD of .yes­ so complacently tolerate such a dan~ of what the enemy is doing, are not we terday following the other eulogies on gerous situation. Is it that the Allied overlooking important opportunities in the death of our colleague from Montana. Military Government in the occupied neglecting or refusing to enlist and The SPEAKER. Is there objection to area cannot c:r will not take steps to equip troops from nations that we now the request of the gentleman from Wash­ alleviate this misery? Obviously we ha'ife regard as our allies? ington? the material resources. The fault then Seemingly, it wquld appear as though · There was no objection. must lie in -the administration of the area we we:re deliberateiy trying to kUl off our Mr. HORAN .. · Mr. Speaker, I ·also as -determined ·by our na-tional-policy.- · It young men and deplete our resources. ask unanimous consent to extend my re­ is on this point that I ask the Congress I understand that American generals marks in the RECORD ai1d to · include to investigate ~ the whole ·set-up that gov­ prefer to command American troops be­ therein an editorial. erns occupied territories with a view ·to cause they are more dependable and are The SPEAKER. Is there objection to providing relief for the impoverished a known quantity. However, it should the request of the gentleman from Wash­ residents. not be any harder for an American Army ington? We have heard much of U. N. R. R. A. leader to work in French or · Belgian There was no objection. I would like to know what it is doing to troops, who profess to want to fight, than Mr. COLE of New York asked and was help the people of Italy. it would be for the German officers to · given permission to extend his own re­ There are those who say that we have work with Rumanians or Latvians, who, marks in the Appendix of the RECORD. . no shipping available to carry relief sup­ maybe, are not very enthusiastic about Mr. HOOK. Mr. Speaker, I ask unan­ plies to this unfortunate country. Out fighting. · imous consent to extend my remarks in of the many millions of tons of merchant I also realize that there are disad­ the REcORD and to include a statement shipping we alone have constructed dur­ vantages in shifting men of our own of the 0. P. A. Labor Policy Committee. ing this war, we could allocate a few thou­ forces around from one branch of the The SPEAKER. Is there objection to sand tons for this humanitarian purpose.' service to another and that it frequently the request of the gentleman from Mich­ I submit that it is necessary for another takes considerable additional traininff igan? reason, to win the respect and confidence before they are qualified to perform their There was no objection. of these people that we may have their new duties satisfactorily. It might be The SPEAKER. Under previous or­ help in establishing international se­ appropriate here to suggest to the Army der of the House, the gentleman from curity. that they give more time to investigat­ Massachusetts [Mr. LANE] is recognized From my district there are thousands ing the possibilities of the men, and some for 7 minutes. of Americans of Itaiian extraction serv­ ing in our armed forces, many·of them of their handicaps, at the induction cen­ AMERICAN FOREIGN POLICY ters before making a~signments. It has fighting in the land of their forebears. been called to my attention that, at least Mr. LANE. Mr. Speaker, America and They write letters asking the1r relatives in some instances, the Men are lined up the world .have every confidence in the here to send scrap~ of clothing and food and without being · interviewed or in­ ability and the leadership of our armed that they-the G. I.'s-may give to help vestigated at all are allotted a quota to forces. feed and clothe the unfortunate victims this branch of the Army and a quota to Unfortunately, the same cannot be said of war. There is a quantitative limit re­ that. What do you think would happen for our foreign policy. The wait-and-see stricting this source of supply from here. to a large business concern if it operated attitude of the past several months has And there is a bottleneck preventing dis­ in that manner? Cases have also been served to discourage the peoples of the tribution of it over there. There is no brought to my attention where men have liberated countries and to convince our provision for delivering these desperately been assigned, to the Infantry who had allies _that .we ourselves are uncertain as needed items, once they are unloaded at 288 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE JANUARY 16

Naples and other ports. The under• statesman whose · pl~ce _will be difficult office fs a public trust, he leaves an exam­ nourished and ill-clothed people are to fill. He was an outstanding Amer­ ple for all others in public life in the fu­ asked to travel from all sections of the ican. Personally, I always had his ture to follow. It might well be said that occupied area to pick up these goods in friendship. He cooperated to the best FRANCIS T. MALONEY, or FRANK MALONEY, person which means that many never re­ of his ability that others might benefit as his friends called him, died in the line ceive this meager aid at all. through his knowledge and his judg- of duty. We who kn~w -him intimately They are not asking that our Govern­ ment. _ were aware of the fact that his health ment give them supplies. Their thrifty I, too, have lost a friend. Words alone was not good. We were aware of the and hard-working relatives here will cannot express to his family my sym­ fact that-for some months he was not provide relief if we will cut red tape to pathy. The accomplishments which' he the FRANK MALONEY physically that we insure transport and delivery. had achieved stand as a monument to would have liked him to be. Yet we met Already numerous societies here are­ his fame. The glory of his record leaves him in our contacts, as we meet each raising funds to provide such relief. As a memory which will never die. His other, always performing his duties with inftation has already started its disas­ -family bas that col)solation. May God that same sincerity and intensity with. trous spiral in Italy and because con­ rest h.is soul. which he. performed his duties when he sumer goods are scarce over there, the Mr. Speaker, I yield to the gentle­ enjoyed normal health. money raised will be used to purchase woman from Connecticut [Mrs. WooD­ As we look back now we realize that goods here for delivery to Italy, where HOUSE]. the performance of those duties by him, enterprising Italian housewives may Mrs. WOODHOUSE. Mr. Speaker, it in the intense manner that he always make clothes for their families. In ad­ is :very difficult adequately to express the performed them, constituted an aggra­ d~_ tion, it is planned to send space-saving, loss that has come to some of us very vating circumstance which precipitated dehydrated goods to tbe need"y. , personally and to all of us as American and hastened his death. I do not hesi­ This voluntary and humanitarian· help citizens in the untimely passing of Sen­ tate to say that this circumstance is doomed to failure unless our Govern­ ator MALONEY. His integrity, his de­ broughj; about -his death sooner than ment takes positive action in this emer­ votion to principle, has made him an such event would have normally taken gency. A few ships must be allocated to outstanding figure in the civic life of place if he had not followed his intense transport these supplies. Allied Military this Nation. An untiring worker,'llo task feelings by carrying on his duties in the Government must cooperate -with the was ever too heavy for him if it promised strong and courageous way that he did. Provisional Italian Government to work to be of value to his country. He was a Therefore I say that FRANCIS T. MALONEY, ' out arrangements for effective distribu­ student, a clear thinker, who believed or FRANK MALONEY, as we knew•him, died tion of this life-saving aid. Anything less we could have genuine democracy if we in the line of legislative duty,_ He is just may well jeopardize our military vic- would only work for it. He expressed as much a casualty of this war as if he tories. - his belief in practical ways. had died in the line of duty in actual These people cannot subsist on words. As I know from personal experience, combat · against our enemies. I know· They need food and clothing without de­ the women of Connecticut have lost a those whom he leaves behind will derive lay. n is manifestly· our duty to give very real friend in his going. He was great consolation in the k~owledge that . aid to the helpless until such time as never afrMd to take a stand when it he lived up to the trust that was reposed the people of this war-ravaged country was necessary to uphold his principles. in him and the confidence placed in hiiJl can provide for themselves again. If we Not only those of us who were fortu­ by the people of.his State; that he went fail in this, our victory is but half won. nate enough to have him as a friend but ahead performing his duties with the Therefore, I urge the Congress to give the country and the world that we would knowledge that in all probability it might to this aspect of total war its immediate hope to build have suffered an irretriev­ hasten his death; and that he felt it was and effective attention. able loss in the very untimely death of his duty to do so. From ano-ther view­ EXTENSION OF REMARKS FRANCIS MALONEY. point it might be a lesson to other Mem­ Mr. KOPPLEMANN. Mr. Speaker, I bers of the House of Representatives and Mr. HOLIFIELD asked and was given yield to the gentleman from Massachu­ of the Senate who might not be feeling permission to extend his remarks in the setts [Mr. McCoRMACK]. well to realize they owe something to RECORD. Mr. McCORMACK. Mr. Speaker, time themselves, and to realize that by trying LEAVE OF ABSENCE passes and with the passage of time to carry on the intense duties of their By unanimous consent, leave of ab­ changes take place. Time passes in the office, and we all have intense duties to sence was granted to Mr_. ANDREWS of life of each and every one of us, and the perform, if their condition of health is Alabama, for 3 days, on account of im­ passage of time in our life on earth is not g_ood, it might not be.a wise thing to portant official business~ represented by the period between birth impose too great a strain upon them­ and death. selves. THE LATE FRANCIS MALONEY To those of us who have known our We can learn something out of the Mr. KOPPLEMANN. Mr. Speaker, late friend, and to those of us who num- ' experiences of our late friend if only we with sadness and a heavy heart I rise bered him as our friend, one of our great pause to do so: that we should not draw to announce to the House the death of pleasures and one of our great posses­ upon all of bur physical reserves or to United States Senator FRANCIS T. MA­ sions was the knowledge that we knew believe that we can effectively perform LONEY, of my State. He was a Member him and that we possessed his friend­ our duties when we are not feeling well of this House. He came here with me ship. without dissipating those physical re­ in 1933. There was no more faithful You and I during -our life leave our serves which mean so much in time of Member to both his colleagues and the imprint in this world. So has our late serious illness. On the other hand, the people of this _Nation and his district friend left his imprint. Serving the peo­ relatives of our late friend, as I said, than FRANK MALONEY, active, serious, ple of his district as he has faithfully probably, and I hope they will, derive honest, endeavoring to do his full duty. in this body, serving the people of his great consolation in the knowledge that Quickly the people of Connecticut rec- State as he has faithfully in the other their loved one died in the line of duty,·in . ogniz~d his talents, his tireless energy, body, and in both positions serving the the line of legislative duty to his cou~try. and his worth. They elevated him by people of the Nation, our late friend, To the members of his family left behind their votes to the United States Senate. FRANCIS T. MALONEY, has left his strong, I join with the dean of the Connecticut In that body he distinguished himself. outstanding imprint on life. A man of delegation in the House on the Demo­ In the midst of his greatest work, his great courage, intellectually honest, cratic side and all of the delegation from effort to bring the Congress of the United. fearless in fighting for any cause which Connecticut in expressing to his loved States closer to the people with the hope he espoused, he was also a man of very ones my deep sympathy in their great of making for a more effective Govern­ intense feelings. He put into everything loss and sorrow. As far as I personally ment, his life was cut off at the age of that he was-interested in the best that am concerned, in the passing of FRANK 50, still a young man. was within him, drawing upon his re­ MALONEY, I have lost a close friend whose He served his country faithfully. He serve, as we know, in order to carry out friendship I greatly valued. zerved in the last war with distinction the duties of his responsible office under Mr. KOPPLEMANN. Mr. Speaker, I and credit to himself. In his passing the trying conditions of this very impor­ yield to the gentleman from Massachu­ our country mourns the loss of a great tant era. Always believing that public setts [Mr. MARTIN]. 1945 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 289

Mr. MARTIN of Massachusett~. Mr. It was this determination to try to To his family I extend my deepest Speaker, I join with the Members from serve everyone who had the slightest call sympathy. I am certain that' everyone Connecticut and the other New England . upon the important senatorial office, I who knew FRANCIS MALONEY Will feel as I States in my deep regret over the death believe~ that led to his early death. do that he was a man worthy of the tasks of a great statesman and a patriotic Senator MALONEY was a student of placed before him and I know that had American. government, a man of courage, a man of· he lived he would have performed with It was my privilege to have known ability, and a tireless worker; busy Sun­ dignity· and efficiency the great under­ FRANK MALONEY since the first day he . days and late into the night trying to taking he was about to assume in the entered Congress. Through the years acquire the complete understanding of all Senate of the United States. he has been a warm personal friend · sides of questions necessary for ·the per­ Mr. KOPPLEMANN. Mr. Speaker, I whom I held. in high esteem and for fectio~ of the good legislation that was yield to the gentleman from Connecticut whom I had great a1Iection. Because of his ideal. [Mr. RYTER]. this friendship, I know the high motives The Senate, the House, the people of Mr. RYTER. Mr. Speaker, I rise for which have guided hi:r.. .. throughout all Connecticut, and the people of the the first time in this honorable body to these years of his splendid service in the United States have lost a great friend e:l{press my feelings of deep regret at the interest of his State and his country. and a true, American who worked his untimely passing of the senior Senator He was a man of courage, of fine ability, heart out in the interest of helping to from connecticut, the late Honorable and ever ready to fight for his convic­ improve this Government. FRANCIS T. MALONEY. tions. Mr. KOPPLEMANN. Mr. Speaker, I In this hour of profound sorrow many In this hour when so many momen-· · yield to the gentleman from Connecticut thoughts rush from my heart to my mind tous changes are taking place in the [Mr. GEELA_N]. to seek expression. But. in this truly sad world, when we are traveling through Mr. GEELAN, Mr. Speaker, I find it ·hour words are such frail means that they many difficult phases of our national life, difficult, if not impossible, to -adequately seemingly challenge and mock the heart we can ill afford to lose a man like FRANK express in words my deep feeling of sor­ and lose their capacity for real expres­ MALONEY. row at the passing of my dear friend, sion. We in Connecticut shall miss him We need his cool judgment, his calm . Senator FRANCIS J. MALONEY, of Con­ greatly, and the greater shall be our loss manner and his clear thinking to help necticut. _the sooner our-realization that he is no guide the good ship of state. His un­ The Nation has lost one of its ablest longer with us. The Nation shall miss timely death is tragic. statesmen, which in these critical times him, and in this we find our only con­ FRANK MALONEY was a student Of po­ it can ill afford. Senator MAI:ONEY, solation, that Connecticut had given to litical economy. He came here for one formerly the· mayor of his native city, the Nation one of its ny>st capable, un­ purpose, and 'that purpose was to serve Meriden, Conn., and former Representa- tiring, and illustrious sons to serve her :his day and generation, and to make this . tive in this branch of Congress, was serv­ arid us in the past decade. a better land. His death was undoubted­ ing his second term in the Senate. In a I join with my colleagues in extending ly hastened by his close application to recently published article in the Satur­ to his devoted wife and family our deep­ the many duties of his office and his day Evening Post, he was referred to as . est sympathy and that of the entire mem­ anxiety to meet fully the many obliga­ "the Senators' Senator," because of his bership of this House. tions he owed to t.he great State he so . keen judgment, his analytical mind, and Mr. KOPPLEMANN. Mr. Speaker, I efficiently represented. his true sense of patriotism. He, as the yield to the distinguished Speaker of the I join with my colleagues in expressing article states, was the wheel horse and House (Mr. RAYBURN]. my deep sorrow to FRANK MALONEY's good stabilizer to whom the various groups in Mr. RAYBURN. Mr. Speaker, it is not wife and- the members of his family. the Senate came to for advice, counsel, often that I come down upon this floor They will be comforted in this hour by and aid in seeking a solution of their re .. to say anything about anything, but I the knowledge of the fine service he spective problems. would not be true to myself if I just did rendered to mankind, and the fact ·that Although a genuine liberal he has . not utter one word about the subject that many other lives have been made a little differed on occasions from those who has been talked about here this after- · brighter because of his own stay on this could also be called progressives when noon. earth. in his conscience he felt he could not go When FRANK MALONEY came to the , A good life neve.r dies; its influence is along. Congress he was placed on the Commit­ tee on Interstate and Foreign Commerce reflected in the generations that follow. To the people of the State of Con-· We are all saddened by the death of our where I served with him, where he was necticut, the city of Meriden, but more diligent, where he was intelligent, where beloved and very able colleague. particularly to Mrs. Maloney ·and his Mr. KOPPLEMANN. Mr. Speaker, I he was what I would want a colleague children, I .offer my 'most sincere sym­ upon a committee to be; sane, sound, . yield to the gentleman from Oklahoma pathy. May his soul rest in peace. [Mr. MONRONEY]. . and, let me repeat, intelligent and indus­ Mr. KOPPLEMANN. Mr. Speaker, I trious. I loved him deeply. He woo the Mr. MONRONEY. Mr. Speaker, in the yield to the gentleman from Connecticut . type and character of man who elicited death of Senator MALONEY I feel a sense [Mr. TALBOT]. . from his fellows deep affection. I had of great personal loss. I know many Mr. TALBOT. Mr. Speaker, a great, it for him and I know he had it for me. Members of the House and Senate feel true and noble Christian gentleman has His going at 'this time, as has been re­ likewise. Senator MALONEY was an in­ ·passed on to his heavenly reward. It was marked better than I can by others who spiration to many of us who were younger with great and profound sorrow that I have preceded me, is a terrible loss to in service in the Congress than he. He learned earlier in the day of the passing the whole United States of America. In was always glad to lend a helping ~and of my good friend and our distinguished the days that lie ahead of us, his coun­ to the younger Members of both Houses sel, his advice and his vote in the Senate as we tried to understand, appreciate, Senator from Connecticut, FRANCIS MA­ and evaluate our-work in Congress. LONEY. With all his heart, with all his of the United States would have meant soul and all his strength he met and much to the future of the world, and I know Senator MALONEY as a deeply especially the peace of this world. llis religious man, as a husband with a deep solved each day the problems that come before us here in -the Congress.· was a sweet spirit. His was a fine, big and abiding love for his family. He soul. I will not see many like him again. traveled late in the night to his home in We can ill afford in these dire times to lose a man like FRANCIS MALONEY. Con­ Mr. KOPPLEMANN. Mr. Speaker, I Connecticut and early in the morning to offer the following resolution. ,Washington so that he could have a few necticut and the United States have lost a great leader and a great statesman. He The Clerk read the resolution