Cape Agulhas 2020 AGULHAS: AT A GLANCE

Demographics……………………………………………………………………….. 4

Education ………………………………………………………………………..…… 6

Health………………………………………………………………………………….. 8

Poverty…………………………………………………………………………………. 10

Basic Service Delivery……………………………………………………………….. 12

Safety and Security………………………………………………………………….. 14

Economy and Labour Market Performance…………………………………..... 16

Public Infrastructure Spend………………………………………………………..... 18

SOURCES 20

2020 Socio-economic Profile: Cape Agulhas Municipality 2 Cape Agulhas: At a Glance

Population Estimates, 2020; Actual households, 2019

35 143 10 618

2019 2018

Matric Pass Rate 93.6% Gini Coefficient 0.56 Retention Rate 56.0% Human Development Index 0.80 Learner-Teacher Ratio 28.3

2019

7 72.4% 0.0 15.0%

Actual number of reported cases in 2019/20

329 100 372 12 46

Percentage of households with access to basic services, 2018

Percentage of households with access to basic services, 2019

97.5% 79.2% 96.7% 90.2% 84.0%

2019/20 2019

Unemployment Rate 5 (narrow definition) Low economic growth Low skills levels 8.0% 13 Low learner retention rates

Contribution to GDP, 2018

Wholesale&trade Finance, insurance, real estate Manufacturing and business services 22.6% 19.6% 14.4%

2020 Socio-economic Profile: Cape Agulhas Municipality 3 CAPE AGULHAS

50% 50% DEMOGRAPHICS

Population per km² 0 – 10 11 – 20 21 – 30 31 – 40 41 - 50 50+ Number of males per 100 females

2020 2021 2022 2024 2023 Theewaterskloof 106.6 107.3 107.5 107.7 107.9 35 143 Overstrand 98.6 98.9 99.1 99.2 99.4 Current Population Cape Agulhas 98.4 99.0 99.3 99.7 100.0 Swellendam 100.0 100.3 100.5 100.6 100.6 36 409 2024 Overberg District 101.9 102.4 102.6 102.8 102.9 Estimated Population

Population growth Household size 0.8% 2020 3.4 0.9% 2021 3.4 0.9% 0.9% 2022 3.3 2023 3.3 2024 3.3 2021 2022 2023 2024

Population growth 2020 – 2024

Overberg District +1.8%

Overstrand +3.3% Theewaterskloof +1.2%

Cape Agulhas +0.9%

Swellendam +0.9%

2020 Socio-economic Profile: Cape Agulhas Municipality 4 Demographics

Population

Cape Agulhas has the smallest population in the Overberg District with only 35 143 people in 2020. This total is expected to grow to 36 409 by 2024, equating to an average annual growth rate of 0.9 per cent.

Sex Ratio

The overall sex ratio (SR) depicts the number of males per 100 females in the population. The data indicates that the sex ratio will be growing from 2020 to 2024 such that there will be equal numbers of males and females by 2024.

Age Cohorts

Between 2020 and 2026, the largest projected population growth is recorded in the working age population (15-65 years) which grew at an annual average rate of 1.3 per cent. The children cohort (0-14 years) is predicted to decline by 0.3 per cent annually from 2020 to 2026, while the aged population (+65 years) will increase by0.4 per cent. These predicted growth rates will lead to a decline in the dependency ratio towards 2026.

Household sizes

Household size refers to the number of people per household. The actual size of households is at 3.4 people per household in 2020 and is projected to decline to 3.2 in 2024. Contributing factors to a stagnation in household size could include, but are not limited to, lower fertility rates, occurrences of divorce, ageing population, etc.

Population density

Amidst rapid urbanisation across the , population density figures will aid public sector decision makers to mitigate environmental, individual health and service delivery risks. In 2020, the population density of the Overberg District was 25 persons per square kilometre. In order of highest to lowest, the various local municipal areas in the Overberg District compare as follows:

•Overstrand 61 people/km2

• Theewaterskloof 38 people/km2

•Cape Agulhas 10 people/km2

•Swellendam 10 people/km2

2020 Socio-economic Profile: Cape Agulhas Municipality 5 Educational EDUCATION facilities

10 Learner enrolment Number of schools 50 000 45 000 40 000 35 000 8 30 000 25 000 Number of 20 000 no-fee 15 000 schools 10 000 5 000 0 Cape Theewaters- Overberg Overstrand Swellendam Agulhas kloof 2017 41 944 4 691 12 211 5 751 19 291 2018 43 103 4 740 12 781 5 778 19 804 2019 43 887 4 669 13 293 5 774 20 151

Learner-Teacher Number of schools Ratio with libraries 7 Overberg 28.9 | 28.3 | 27.9

Cape Agulhas 28.4 | 29.8 | 28.3

Overstrand 29.3 | 31.8 | 31.7

Swellendam 26.2 | 27.3 | 26.7 Education outcomes Theewaterskloof 29.7 | 31.1 | 30.6

86.8% 79.2% 81.4% Theewaterskloof Learner retention 88.2% 84.0% 89.2% Swellendam 64.7% 64.2% 66.1% 88.2% 82.5% 90.1% Overstrand Overberg

67.6% 55.9% 56.0% 89.1% 92.7% 93.6% Cape Agulhas Cape Agulhas 63.4% 64.1% 87.6%5% 82.2% 85.9% Overstrand 71.4% Overberg 85 % 2017 2018 2019 Swellendam 59.4% 66.8% 61.5%

Theewaterskloof 71.2% 62.0% 66.2%

2020 Socio-economic Profile: Cape Agulhas Municipality 6 Education

Learner enrolment, the learner-teacher ratio and learner retention rate

Learner enrolment in Cape Agulhas was 4 669 in 2019 compared to 4 691 in 2018 and is the lowest in the District when compared to the other municipal areas. This could be attributed to a number of factors including demographics and socio-economic context. The learner teacher ratio is the second lowest in the District at 28.3 in 2019. The learner retention rate in Cape Agulhas is on a downward trend from 67.6 per cent in 2017 to 56.0 per cent in 2019 and is the lowest in the District. This indicates that more than 40 per cent of children are dropping out of school, which has an implication for skills levels in the municipal area.

Number of schools and the number of no-fee schools

In 2019, Cape Agulhas had a total of 10 public ordinary schools. In an effort to alleviate some of the funding challenges the Western Cape Department of Education (WCED) offered certain fee-paying schools the opportunity to become no-fee schools. As such, 80 per cent of public schools in Cape Agulhas are classified as no-fee schools.

Schools with libraries and media centres

The number of schools with libraries and media centres within the municipal area increased to 7 schools in 2019. This shows a commitment towards providing quality education.

Education Outcomes (Matric Pass Rates)

Education remains one of the key avenues through which the state is involved in the economy. In preparing individuals for future engagement in the labour market, policy choices and decisions in the sphere of education play a critical role in determining the extent to which future economic and poverty reduction plans can be realised. Cape Agulhas’ matric outcomes reflect a 93 per cent matric pass in 2019 which is the second highest in the Province.

2020 Socio-economic Profile: Cape Agulhas Municipality 7 HEALTH

Tuberculosis Healthcare facilities 300

250 Regional hospitals 00 200 District hospitals 4 1 150 239 PHC facilities (Fixed clinics, 19 3 100 191 194 CHCs and CDCs) 50 Community Day Centres 1 0 0 Community Health Centres 2017 2018 2019 1 0 PHC Clinics (Satelite and 25 4 mobile) PHC Clinics (Fixed) 17 3 Maternal health Overberg District Cape Agulhas

Delivery Termination Maternal rate to of Mortality women Emergency medical pregnancy Rate under rate services per 10 000 20 years

Health Indicator Overberg 2018 2019 2018 2109 2018 2019 Cape 0.0 0.0 20.5 15.0 0.1 0.3 No of operational Agulhas ambulances per 10 000 1 1 Overberg 53.6 0.0 14.7 13.1 0.6 0.6 people District

Child health HIV/AIDS

Number of new ART 13.6 16.8 Registered patients Low birth rate patients receiving ART Area Neonatal mortality rate 2018 2019 2018 2019 (per 1 000 live births) 6.1 6.6

Cape Agulhas 878 951 112 109 Acute malnutrition rate (under 5 per 100 0000 2.1 0.3 Overberg District 12 653 13 712 1 705 1 547 Immunisasation rate 85 (under85 1) 76.2 72.4 % %

Overberg District Cape agulhas

2020 Socio-economic Profile: Cape Agulhas Municipality 8 Health

Healthcare Facilities

According to the 2019 Inequality Trend Report by Statistics South , 75.1 per cent of households in use public healthcare facilities when a household member gets ill compared to 24.9 per cent who use some private healthcare facilities in 2017. This is associated with the proportion of households with access to Medical Aid which is low at 16.9 per cent for South Africa and 25 per cent for the Western Cape in 2017. In terms of healthcare facilities in 2019, there were 3 fixed and 4 mobile public health care clinics as well as a district hospital.

Emergency Medical Services

Provision of more operational ambulances can provide greater coverage of emergency medical services. Cape Agulhas has 1 ambulance per 10 000 inhabitants in 2019 which is on par with the district average. It is worth noting that this number only refers to Provincial ambulances and excludes all private service providers.

HIV/AIDS/TB

Cape Agulhas’ total number of registered patients receiving anti-retroviral treatment (ART) is recorded at 951 patients in 2019, compared to 878 in 2018.A total of 13 712 registered patients received antiretroviral treatment in the Overberg District in 2019. Cape Agulhas, at 951 patients, represent 6.9 per cent of the patients receiving ART in the District. The number of new ART patients increased by 109 from 2018 to 2019, making up 7.0 per cent of the 1 547 new patients registered in the District.

Child Health

Immunisation rates in the Cape Agulhas municipal area is recorded at 72.4 per cent in 2019, an improvement from 62.7 per cent in 2018. The number of malnourished children under five years (per 100 000) in Cape Agulhas in 2019 was 0.3, a slight improvement from 0.7 in 2018. The neonatal mortality rate (NMR) (per 1 000 live births) in the Cape Agulhas improved from 9.4 in 2018 to 6.6 in 2019. The low birth weight indicator was recorded at 16.8, a slight increase from 15.5 recorded in 2018.

Maternal Health

The maternal mortality rate in the Cape Agulhas area and Overberg District is zero deaths per 100 000 live births in 2019.

The delivery rate to women under 20 years in Cape Agulhas and Overberg District was recorded at 15.0 and 13.1 per cent respectively.

The termination of pregnancy rate is at 0.1 per cent in 2018 and increased to 0.3 per cent in 2019 in the Cape Agulhas municipal area.

2020 Socio-economic Profile: Cape Agulhas Municipality 9 POVERTY

GDP per capita

70 000 60 000 50 000 40 000 30 000 20 000 10 000 0 Western Cape Overberg Overstrand Cape Agulhas Swellendam Theewaterskloof 2012 61 000 47 000 42 000 51 000 58 000 44 000 2015 61 000 48 000 44 000 52 000 60 000 46 000 2018 59 000 47 000 43 000 50 000 58 000 46 000

Income inequality

0.64

0.62 0.62 Western Cape 0.61 0.60 Overberg 0.59

0.58 0.58 0.58 Theewaterskloof 0.57 Overstrand 0.56 0.56 0.56 0.55 0.55 0.55 Cape Agulhas 0.54 0.54 0.53 0.53 Swellendam 0.52 0.52 0.51 0.50 2012 2015 2018

Human development

0.82 0.80

0.78 0.80 Western Cape 0.79 0.79

0.76 0.78 Overberg

0.74 0.76 0.76 0.76 0.75 0.75 Theewaterskloof 0.75 0.75 0.74 0.72 0.74 0.74 Overstrand

0.70 0.72 0.71 0.71 Cape Agulhas

0.68 0.70 0.66 Swellendam 0.64 5% 2012 2015 2018

85%

2020 Socio-economic Profile: Cape Agulhas Municipality 10 Poverty

GDPR Per Capita

An increase in real GDPR per capita, i.e. GDPR per person, is experienced only if the real economic growth rate exceeds the population growth rate. Even though real GDP per capita reflects changes in the overall well-being of the population, not everyone within an economy will earn the same amount of money as estimated by the real GDPR per capita indicator.

At R58 000 in 2018, Cape Agulhas’s real GDPR per capita stood well above that of the Overberg District’s figure of R47 000 and is only slightly lower than that of the Western Cape (R59 000). It is however on a declining trend from 2015 to 2018, largely due to declining economic growth.

Income Inequality

The National Development Plan (NDP) has set a target of reducing income inequality in South Africa from a Gini coefficient of 0.7 in 2010 to 0.6 by 2030. Income inequality has increased in Cape Agulhas between 2015 and 2018, following a drop between 2012 and 2015. Furthermore, income inequality levels were marginally lower in Cape Agulhas for 2018 with a Gini coefficient of 0.56, when compared to neighbouring municipalities across the Overberg District and the Western Cape.

Human Development

The United Nations uses the Human Development Index (HDI) to assess the relative level of socio-economic development in countries. Indicators that measure human development are education levels, income and health. It is a measure of peoples' ability to live a long and healthy life, to communicate, participate in the community and to have sufficient means to be able to afford a decent living. The HDI is represented by a number between 0 and 1, where 1 indicates a high level of human development and 0 represents no human development.

There has been a slight increase in the HDI in Cape Agulhas from 0.79 in 2015 to 0.80 in 2018. The trend for the Overberg District and the Western Cape has been similar between 2015 and 2018 but lags behind the Cape Agulhas HDI. The Cape Agulhas HDI improved despite a drop in per capital income. This indicates that the improved HDI was driven by improvements in health and education outcomes.

2020 Socio-economic Profile: Cape Agulhas Municipality 11 BASIC SERVICE DELIVERY

Total number of households 10 618 85 754 Cape Agulhas Municipality Overberg District

Formal main dwelling 84.0% 8 919 68 894 80.3% Cape Agulhas Municipality Overberg District

78.2% Cape Agulhas 0.7% Cape Agulhas 4.3% Cape Agulhas 78.2% Overberg 1.3% Overberg 6.3% Overberg Flat/simplex/duplex/ triplex House/brick structure Traditional dwelling or room/flat on separate stand/yard on shared property 1.5% Cape Agulhas 1.9% Overberg

1.5% Cape Agulhas 1.6% Cape Agulhas 12.2% Cape Agulhas Other/Unspecified 1.2% Overberg 5.6% Overberg 10.8% Overberg House/flat/room in backyard Informal dwelling in Informal dwelling not backyard in backyard

Flush/Chemical toilet At least weekly

Piped water inside Electricity as primary source 97.5% Flush/chemical toilet Refuse removed at least dwelling/within 200m of lighting once a week Cape Agulhas Cape Agulhas 96.7% Cape Agulhas 90.2% Cape Agulhas 79.2%

Overberg 97.3% Overberg 90.3% Overberg 88.8% Overberg 82.8%

Free basic water Free basic electricity Free basic sanitation Free basic refuse removal 10 756 10 756 10 668 9 707 9 707 9 635 9 935 9 475 10 242 9 828 10 083 10 083 9 536 9 536 9 536 9 536

2015 2016 2017 2018 2015 2016 2017 2018 2015 2016 2017 2018 2015 2016 2017 2018

2020 Socio-economic Profile: Cape Agulhas Municipality 12 Basic Service Delivery

The Constitution stipulates that every citizen has the right to access to adequate housing and that the state must take reasonable legislative and other measures within its available resources to achieve the progressive realisation of this right. Access to housing also includes access to services such as potable water, basic sanitation, safe energy sources and refuse removal services, to ensure that households enjoy a decent standard of living.

This section considers to what extent this has been achieved by reflecting on the latest available information from Quantec Research for 2019. The latest official statistics was collected by Statistics South Africa for the 2016 Community Survey; the 2021 Census will provide the updated official statistics. The information on free basic services is obtained from Statistics South Africa’s Non-Financial Census of Municipalities survey findings.

Housing and Household Services

With a total of 10 618 households in the Cape Agulhas municipal area, approximately 84.0 per cent had access to formal housing, which is above the District average of 80.3 per cent.

Service access levels in Cape Agulhas were also significantly higher than the District, with access to piped water inside/within 200m of the dwelling at 97.5 per cent, access to a flush or chemical toilet at 90.2 per cent and access to electricity (for lighting) at 96.7 per cent. The removal of refuse at least weekly by local authority at 79.2 per cent of households, was the only basic service that lagged behind the District average.

Free Basic Services

Municipalities also provide a package of free basic services to households who are financially vulnerable and struggle to pay for services. Access to free basic services have been on an increasing trend from 2015 to 2018, except for electricity which hovered at 9 536 households. The stressed economic conditions are anticipated to exert pressure on household income levels, which is in turn likely to see the number of indigent households and the demand for free basic services increase further.

2020 Socio-economic Profile: Cape Agulhas Municipality 13 Safety and Security

MURDER 2017/18 2018/19 2019/20

Cape Agulhas 11 6 12 Actual Number Overberg District 133 113 138

Cape Agulhas 32 17 34 Per 100 000 Overberg District 46 39 46

SEXUAL OFFENCES 2017/18 2018/19 2019/20

Cape Agulhas 50 50 46 Actual Number Overberg District 330 359 301

Cape Agulhas 144 145 132 Per 100 000 Overberg District 114 122 100

DRUG-RELATED OFFENCES 2017/18 2018/19 2019/20

Cape Agulhas 733 455 372 Actual Number Overberg District 5 805 3 529 2 654

Cape Agulhas 2 133 1 308 1 058 Per 100 000 Overberg District 2 010 1 199 884

DRIVING UNDER THE INFLUENCE 2017/18 2018/19 2019/20

Cape Agulhas 78 61 100 Actual Number Overberg District 750 705 740 Cape Agulhas 227 176 284 Per 100 000 Overberg District 260 239 247

ROAD USER Cape Agulhas 2 11 13 FATALITIES Overberg District 76 80 102

RESIDENTIAL BURGLARIES 2017/18 2018/19 2019/20

Cape Agulhas 439 397 329 Actual Number Overberg District 3 569 3 475 3 064 Cape Agulhas 1 277 1 141 936 Per 100 000 Overberg District 1 236 1 180 1 021

2020 Socio-economic Profile: Cape Agulhas Municipality 14 Safety and Security

Murder

Murder is defined as the unlawful and intentional killing of another person.

Within the Cape Agulhas area, the number of murders increased from 6 in 2018/19 to 12 in 2020. The murder rate (per 100 000 people) increased from 17 to 34 in the same reporting period and is the second lowest in the District. The murder rate for the Overberg District increased from 39 in 2018/19 to 46 in 2019/20.

Sexual Offences

Sexual offences include rape (updated to the new definition of rape to provide for the inclusion of male rape), sex work, pornography, public indecency and human trafficking.

In 2020, there were 132 sexual offences per 100 000 people in the Cape Agulhas area compared to 100 offences in the Overberg District.

Drug-related Offences

Drug-related crimes refer to the situation where the perpetrator is found to be in possession of, under the influence of, or selling illegal drugs.

Drug-related crime within the Cape Agulhas area decreased from 455 cases in 2018/19 to 372 cases in 2019/20. The Overberg District’s drug-related offences decreased sharply in 2019, from 3 529 to 2654 in the reporting period. When considering the rate per 100 000 people, with 1 058 cases per 100 000 people in 2019/20, the Cape Agulhas area is above the Overberg District average of 884.

Driving under the influence (DUI)

A situation where the driver of a vehicle is found to be over the legal blood alcohol limit.

The number of cases of driving under the influence of alcohol or drugs in the Cape Agulhas area increased from 61 in 2018/19 to 100 in 2019/20. This translates into a rate of 284 per 100 000 people in 2019/20, which is above the District’s average of 247 cases per 100 000 people in the same period.

Residential Burglaries

The unlawful entry of a residential structure with the intent to commit a crime, usually a theft.

The 2019/20 crime statistics released by SAPS and Stats SA indicate that the number of residential burglaries fell by 6.7 per cent in South Africa. Within the Western Cape Province, burglaries at residential areas decrease by 8.5 per cent between 2018/19 and 2019/20. Residential burglary cases within the Cape Agulhas area however decreased by 18.0 per cent in the same reporting period.

When considering the rate per 100 000 population, with 936 cases in 2019/20, Cape Agulhas’ rate is below the District rate of 1 021 per 100 000 people in the same reporting year.

2020 Socio-economic Profile: Cape Agulhas Municipality 15 Economy and Labour Market Performance

GDPR Employment

SECTOR R million Real GDPR Number Average Net Trend value growth of jobs annual change change 2014 - 2018 2018 2019e 2018 2014 - 2018 2019e

PS Primary Sector 197.1 -0.9 -8.5 2 066 17 -13 Agriculture, forestry & fishing 191.8 -1.0 -8.6 2 060 17 -13

Mining & quarrying 5.2 6.9 -4.0 6 0 0

SS Secondary sector 717.7 1.3 -0.3 2 683 54 -90 Manufacturing 440.2 1.9 0.9 1 529 36 5

Electricity, gas & water 72.3 -1.1 -1.0 50 0 0

Construction 205.2 0.6 -3.5 1 104 18 -95 Tertiary sector 2 146.3 1.9 1.4 11 459 290 141 TS Wholesale & retail trade, catering & 692.7 1.9 0.5 4 462 127 80 accommodation

Transport, Storage & communication 339.1 2.8 0.8 776 19 35

Finance, Insurance, real estate & 601.2 3.0 3.3 2 683 108 33 business services

General government 305.8 -1.1 -0.5 1 563 -2 10

Community, social & personal 207.6 1.6 1.0 1 975 39 -17 services Cape Agulhas 3 061.1 1.6 0.3 16 208 361 38

Skill Levels Skill Level Contribution Average growth (%) Number of jobs Formal employment 2019 (%) 2015 - 2019 2018 2019 Skilled 21.4 2.9 2 662 2 714 Semi-skilled 46.0 2.4 5 765 5 844 Low-skilled 32.6 1.3 4 108 4 144 TOTAL 100.0 2.1 12 535 12 702

Informal 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 Employment Number of 3 617 3 300 3 304 3 346 3 543 3 623 3 852 3 575 3 735 3 673 3 544 informal jobs % of Total 26.8 25.1 24.6 24.1 24.6 24.7 24.8 22.9 23.4 22.7 21.8 Employment

Unemployment 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 rates Overstrand 9.8 11.7 12.1 12.0 11.7 12.2 11.6 13.1 13.7 13.9 15.4 Swellendam 5.3 6.3 6.4 6.2 5.8 6.0 5.2 5.8 6.0 6.0 6.5 Theewaterskloof 6.5 8.0 8.2 7.9 7.5 7.9 6.8 7.7 8.1 8.1 9.0 Cape Agulhas 5.7 6.8 7.0 6.9 6.6 6.9 6.2 6.9 7.3 7.3 8.0 Overberg District 7.2 8.7 9.0 8.8 8.4 8.8 7.9 8.9 9.4 9.4 10.4 Western Cape 14.2 15.5 15.7 15.8 15.7 16.0 16.1 17.3 18.1 18.0 19.4

2020 Socio-economic Profile: Cape Agulhas Municipality 16 Economy and Labour Market Performance

Sectoral Overview

In 2018, the economy of Cape Agulhas was valued at R3.06 billion (current prices) and employed 16 208 people. Historical trends between 2014 and 2018 indicate that the municipal area realised an average annual growth rate of 1.6 per cent which can mostly be attributed to the tertiary sector that registered a positive annual growth rate of 1.9 per cent.

In terms of sectoral contribution, the finance, insurance, real estate and business services (R601.2 million); wholesale and retail trade, catering and accommodation (R692.7 million) and transport, storage &communication (R339.1 million) sectors were the main drivers that contributed to the positive growth in the tertiary sector. These sectors are also estimated to have performed well in 2019, particularly the finance, insurance and real estate services sector, which is estimated to have grown by 3.3 per cent. Employment creation in the finance, insurance, real estate and business services sector did not mirror the high growth rate, with an estimate of 33 new jobs created in 2019. The wholesale and retail trade, catering and accommodation sector, is estimated to have created 80 new jobs created in 2019. The construction sector was estimated to have shed the most jobs i.e. 95 jobs in 2019, followed by the community, social and personal service which was estimated to have shed 17 jobs.

Despite its important role in the local economy, particularly as one of the main sources of employment, the agriculture, forestry and fishing sector experienced below-average performance between 2014 and 2018 and is estimated to have contracted by 0.9 per cent in 2019. This contraction led to the loss of 13 jobs. The agriculture, forestry and fishing sector is still recovering from the provincial drought.

Formal and Informal Employment

It is estimated that Cape Agulhas’s total labour force will in 2019 amount to 16 246 workers of which 12 702 (78.2 per cent) are in the formal sector and 3 544 (21.9 per cent) are informally employed.

Most of the labour force consisted of semi-skilled (46,0 per cent) and low-skilled (32.6 per cent) workers. Although the skilled category only contributed 21.4 per cent to total formal employment, it notably outpaced the other two categories in terms of average annual growth. Between 2015 and 2019, the skilled cohort grew on average by 2.9 per cent (albeit off a small base) while the low-skilled and semi-skilled categories grew at 1.3 and 2.4 per cent respectively. The growth in the skilled category reflects the market demand for more skilled labour, which implies the need to capacitate and empower low-skilled and semi-skilled workers. Formal employment overall grew by 2.1 per cent between 2015 – 2019.

Unemployment

Cape Agulhas (8.0 per cent) has the second lowest unemployment rate in the Overberg District. The unemployment rate for Cape Agulhas has been trending upwards since 2009 to 2019. The unemployment rate is also notably lower that the Western Cape total of 19.4 per cent.

2020 Socio-economic Profile: Cape Agulhas Municipality 17 PUBLIC INFRASTRUCTURE SPEND

Provincial infrastructure spend (R’000)

R8,532, 29.2% Education

Health

Human Settlements R20,651, 70.8%

Public Works

Social Development

Transport

Municipal infrastructure spend (R’000)

Trading Services Other 72% 5%

Economic Infrastructure 19%

Social Infrastructure 4%

Other R3 302 Waste Management R2 180 Waste Water Management R32 911 Water R3 660 Electricity R6 344 Housing R4 Sports and Recreation R2 105 Social Development R47 Health R0 Public Safety R31 Environmental Protection R0 Planning and Development R2 076 Road Transport R9 831

2020 Socio-economic Profile: Cape Agulhas Municipality 18 Public Infrastructure Spend (2020/21)

Spending on Social Infrastructure

Spending on social infrastructure aids in social development and has the spill-over effect of enabling economic growth. The Western Cape Government (WCG) will be spending 100 per cent of its infrastructure budget on social infrastructure.

A healthy and resilient community increases productivity and reduces pressures on government resources. As such the Department of Health has allocated R8.532 million towards infrastructure spending on Health.

The majority of infrastructure spending by the WCG (R20.651 million; 70.8 per cent) will however be allocated towards housing. The Municipality will complement the WCG spending by allocating 3.5 per cent of its infrastructure budget towards social infrastructure. R2.1 million was allocated towards sports and recreation, whilst R4 000 was allocated towards housing, together serving to improve the quality of life of individuals in the municipal area.

Spending on Economic Infrastructure

Economic infrastructure is defined as infrastructure that promotes economic activity. Considering the sluggish economic growth throughout the country, spending on economic infrastructure is crucial to stimulating economic activity.

The Municipality will allocate 19.1 per cent of total municipal infrastructure spending towards economic infrastructure, of which R9.831 million will be spent on road transport and R2.076 million will be allocated towards planning and development.

Spending on Trading Services

Basic services are crucial to improving the living conditions of citizens within the municipal area and enabling economic activity for businesses via access to water, electricity, sanitation and refuse removal. The majority of the Municipality’s infrastructure budget i.e. 72.2 per cent or R45.095 million is allocated towards the provision of basic services. The majority of spending on trading services have been allocated towards wastewater management (R32.9 million). This is followed by electricity (R6.344 million), water (R3.660 million) and waste management (R32.911 million).

2020 Socio-economic Profile: Cape Agulhas Municipality 19 1. Demographics

• Population: Department of Social Development, 2020 • Sex ratio: Department of Social Development, 2020 • Age cohorts: Department of Social Development, 2020 • Number ofhouseholds: Department of Social Development, 2020 • Household size: Department of Social Development, 2020 • Population density: Department of Social Development, 2020

2. Education

• Learner enrolment: Western Cape Education Department, 2020; Annual Survey of Public and Independent Schools (ASS), 2019 • Learner -teacher ratio: Western Cape Education Department, 2020; Annual Survey of Public and Independent Schools (ASS), 2019 • Learner retention: Western Cape Education Department, 2020; Annual Survey of Public and Independent Schools (ASS), 2019 • Educational facilities: Western Cape Education Department, 2020; Annual Survey of Public and Independent Schools (ASS), 2019 • No-fee schools: Western Cape Education Department, 2020; Annual Survey of Public and Independent Schools (ASS), 2019 • Schools with libraries: Western Cape Education Department, 2020; Annual Survey of Public and Independent Schools (ASS), 2019 • Educational outcomes: Western Cape Education Department, 2020; Annual Survey of Public and Independent Schools (ASS), 2019

3. Health

• Healthcare facilities: Department of Health, 2020 • Emergency medical services: Department of Health, 2020 • HIV/AIDS: Department of Health, 2019Tuberculosis: Department of Health, 2020 • Child health: Department of Health, 2020 • Maternal health: Department of Health, 2020

4. Poverty

• GDPR per capita: Statistics South Africa, 2020 • Income Inequality (Gini-coefficient): Quantec Research, 2020 • Human Development (Human Development Index): Quantec Research, 2020

2020 Socio-economic Profile: Cape Agulhas Municipality 20 5. Basic services

• Households: Quantec Research, 2020 • oAccess t housing: Quantec Research, 2020 • Access towater: Quantec Research, 2020 • Accesso t electricity: Quantec Research, 2020 • Access tosanitation: Quantec Research, 2020 • oAccess t refuse removal: Quantec Research, 2020 • Free Basic Services: Statistics South Africa, Non-Financial Census of Municipalities 2019

6. Safety and security

• Murder: South African Police Service (SAPS), 2020, own calculations • Sexual offences: South African Police Service (SAPS), 2020, own calculations • Drug -related crimes: South African Police Service (SAPS), 2020, own calculations • Driving under the influence: South African Police Service (SAPS), 2020, own calculations • Residential burglaries: South African Police Service (SAPS), 2020, own calculations • Road user fatalities: Department of Transport and Public Works, 2020

7. Economy

• Sector Performance: Quantec Research, 2020 • Employment growth per sector: Quantec Research, 2020 • Trends in labour force skills: Quantec Research, 2020 • Unemployment rates: Quantec Research, 2020

8. Public infrastructure spend

• Provincial Infrastructure Spend: Estimates of Provincial Revenue and Expenditure (EPRE), 2020; Overview of Adjusted Provincial and Municipal Infrastructure Spend (OAPMII), 2020 • Municipal Infrastructure Spend: Final approved 2020/21 municipal budgets, Budget Schedule A5

2020 Socio-economic Profile: Cape Agulhas Municipality 21