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Ohio Indians Study Guide Name Ohio Indians Study Guide Name ____________________________________ Number ______ History Standard: I can explain how interactions among prehistoric peoples and between historic American Indians and European settlers resulted in both cooperation and conflict. Culture (pp. 147-155) 1. What are some examples of things that are included in a people’s culture? Culture includes how people get food, make their homes, and dress. It also includes religious beliefs, government, language, literature and sports. 2. What language was shared by the Shawnee, Delaware, Ottawa and Miami Indians? Algonquian 3. From what group of American Indians did the Ohio Seneca and Wyandot get their language? Iroquois 4. Which groups of Indians lived in wigwams? Most Algonquians lived in wigwams. 5. Which major Indian group was known for living in longhouses? The Iroquois were known for living in longhouses. 6. List two reasons that canoes were important to the Algonquian culture. They were used as transportation and to obtain food by fishing. 7. Explain the different roles of men and women of the Shawnee tribe. Include specific information about what they did in their roles. Men did the hunting and fishing; they hunted deer, beaver, bear and other animals for their fur, skins and meat. Women worked in the fields growing corn, squash, beans and other vegetables. 8. Why did the Delaware (Lenape) tribe settle in Ohio? They were chased out of New Jersey by Dutch and English settlers. 9. Describe how the Ottawa interacted with other tribes as well as other people in the Ohio region. They traded goods such as woven mats and foods with other tribes for pottery and dyes. They became the middlemen between the French and other tribes in the region. 10. What was the most powerful tribe in Ohio? The Miami was the most powerful tribe in Ohio. 11. What other name are the Ohio Seneca Indians known by? The Mingo is another name of the Ohio Seneca. 12. What Ohio Indian group is also known as the Hurons? The Wyandots are also known as the Hurons. 13. What kind of trade did the Wyandots excel at? The Wyandots were excellent fur traders. Cooperation and Conflict 1. List three ways that prehistoric American Indians (Paleo, Archaic, Adena, Hopewell and Fort Ancient) worked together (cooperated) in Ohio. (pp. 136-140) a. They hunted animals such as mastodons, mammoths, and bison b. They worked together to take apart and move their tents to new settlements as they followed the animals they hunted. c. The Hopewell and other groups worked together to build mounds. d. They worked together to gather and grow crops. 2. Why were the prehistoric peoples of Ohio referred to as hunter-gatherers? (p. 137) They were referred to as hunter-gatherers because they hunted animals and gathered wild plants (nuts, berries, seeds, etc.) for food. 3. List two reasons for conflict between historic Indians in Ohio. (pp. 154-155) a. Tribes fought over hunting rights to certain areas. b. Some tribes made raids on other tribes as part of a ritual for achieving manhood. Using a text that describes a resource (e.g., crops, land) that is needed by two historic groups, explain the resulting conflict. Providing up to two reasons why the arrival of European settlers in Ohio led to conflict with American Indians. Presenting a historical scenario when there was a lack of resource(s). Students explain how one of the historical groups used cooperation or conflict to resolve the issue. Prehistoric (Paleo, Archaic, Woodland, Late Prehistoric [Fort Ancient]) and historic (Delaware, Miami, Ottawa, Seneca, Shawnee and Wyandot) American Indians were the original inhabitants of Ohio. While information on prehistoric groups is somewhat limited, there is evidence of cooperation involving the construction of mounds and trade with distant groups. In addition, there is evidence of conflict, especially among the Late Prehistoric groups as they sometimes fought over access to hunting territories or the most fertile agricultural lands. The following question has two parts. First, answer part A. Then, answer Part B. As different settlers moved into the Ohio Country, there were times of conflict and cooperation between the settlers and American Indians. Part A What was one cause of conflict between American Indians and European settlers in the Ohio Country? A. European settlers did not share farming practices with American Indians. B. European settlers forced American Indians to move in search of new lands. C. American Indians supported the Spanish settlers in conflicts against French fur traders over land rights. D. American Indians did not show European settlers how to use gunpowder to help them hunt in the countryside. Part B Why did your selection in Part A cause conflict between American Indians and European settlers? A. European settlers took away land that was used by American Indians. B. American Indians were angry that they could not farm as well as the European settlers. C. American Indians wanted to make sure the settlers would not hunt all the animals in Ohio. D. Spanish settlers helped American Indians keep the land that was taken by French colonists. List two ways that migrating settlers and immigrants worked together in Ohio. .
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