DOCSLIB.ORG

Tribal Jurisdictions in Oklahoma

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Tribal Jurisdictions in Oklahoma TRIBAL JURISDICTIONS IN OKLAHOMA IKE 385 69 P 59 N 325 R 23 U 83 283 183 CHILOCCO35 INDIAN 169 T 8 81 18 44 54 281 SCHOOL LANDS 75 56 10 NOWATA 136 64 132 95 10 59 10C TEXAS 64 11 KAW WOODS GRANT 177 64 KAY ALFALFA 11A OSAGE 64 58 99 DELAWARE TRIBE 25 OTTAWA 325 412 94 11 11 11 60 64 OF INDIANS 10 64 BEAVER CIMARRON HARPER 11 CRAIG 125 74 2 171 50 77 RS 270 60 GE 3 149 RO L 38 IL 14 385 60 W 69 60 28 60 95 TONKAWA N 136 64 64 59 54 3 183 123 O 412 270 34 25 8 T 287 54 PONCA 83 OSAGE G 82 45 N 59 I 66 23 CHEROKEE 283 64 156 11 H 45 15 177 S 46 169 A ROGERS 270 75 28 W 45 28 34C 50B 15 15 20 20 15 OTOE - E K NOBLE 77 66 I MISSOURIA P MAYES 15 88 N 60 R WOODWARD 60 64 U 20 281 CIMARRON 20 44 T 69 59 15 50 412 PAWNEE 74 99 58 412 20 34 MAJOR DELAWARE 116 64 64 S 164 R 18 E 69A G 88 TURNPIKE PAWNEE O 412A TURNPIKE 266 R 412B 8 L CHEROKEE GARFIELD 412 L 412 183 60 I 412A 132 81 W 58 35 412 E 82 108 244 K I 60 P 60 132 N 51A R 51 51 U 51 51 T ELLIS 97 44 10 281 45 51 TULSA M ADAIR 99 48 U 8 KINGFISHER 74D 177 18 EK SK RE O Inset of Northeast Corner PAYNE C GE 82 77 CREEK E 283 E IK 62 81 33 P CHEROKEE N WAGONER E 33 R 64 LOGAN U 51 59 K 34 58 T I TU P 74C R R 51 DEWEY E 66 NP 183 N IK 80 UNITED KEETOOWAH N 8A R 75 E U 69 51 69A R IOWA 16 T 72 16 BAND OF CHEROKEES U 51B T 105 105 3 QUAPAW 47 33 MUSCOGEE (CREEK) 104 100 33 62 82 MIAMI 69 47 66 44 270 74F 44 75A 30 177 35 M 47 81 74 16 64 16 U E NPIK 165 S TUR 66 K ROGER CUSTER O 100 44 G 10 33 52 E MILLS BLAINE SAC AND FOX E 33 283 54 4 66 R RNE MUSKOGEE 47 TU 56 T 10A CHEYENNE - ARAPAHO TURNPIKE 62 UR 59 270 102 99 KICKAPOO 56 N 44 K 18B OKMULGEE 72 P 82 I C K SEQUOYAH I 75 64 E 69A R 3 77 OKLAHOMA 18 OKFUSKEE 73 T 377 48 101 A 69 40 P LINCOLN 64 L 266 40 I 66 62 K 62 62 64B PEORIA 40 40 40 44 CANADIAN 44 THLOPTHLOCCO 2 58 150 69 54 81 40 183 35 56 141 C 6 37 270 75 30 44 152 240 40 40 MCINTOSH 10 10C O 152 37 WICHITA & AFFILIATED 27 59 40 KIALEGEE 9A 281 99A I N 71 D 54 44 HASKELL 59 WASHITA CADDO - DELAWARE 152 4 CLEVELAND 84 D EASTERN I ALABAMA QUASSARTE A N O 9 137 3E 99 9 152 152 37 77H SHAWNEE CITIZEN 48 9 271 112 M 9 9 40 146 POTAWATOMI 9 52 54 81 2 26 55 56 71 OTTAWA 60B 44 102 9A SEMINOLE 31 115 58 113 82 SHAWNEE 34 92 9 59 75 BECKHAM 283 55 62 PITTSBURG 281 59B 59 30 31 10 9 E HUGHES 31 62 74B 35 77 POTTAWATOMIE 377 L 69 59 270 OTTAWA 60 9 9A O 44 62 MCCLAIN 113 115 99 N 6 39 24 ABSENTEE I 271 83 KIOWA 39 177 48 82 39 M CADDO 8 SHAWNEE 25 25 E 59 S 125 270 270 TTE 283 62 39 56 270 WYANDO GREER 44 FT. SILL APACHE 270 19 76 1 128 60 9 6 183 59 19 19 2 44 24 277 77 283 31 LATIMER 115 133 63 LEFLORE CRAIG 59 281 19 3W 1 30 19 19 58 GRADY 35 1 271 1 59 44 17 75 1 HARMON 49 76 2 74 177 48 N 49 65 81 A PONTOTOC 31 T 54 I GARVIN O 62 N 63 10 COMANCHE 99 3 5 62B 29 131 62 62 COAL 62 29 1 69 43 34 TURNPIKE SENECA - KIOWA - 99A 3 7 7 CHOCTAW 44 CHICKASAW 144 283 ASAW CHEROKEE 183 K 43 271 76 74 35 77 31 S CAYUGA COMANCHE- 277 R 7 CHIC 7 E 5 5C 43 144 G 5 125 36 7 31B 4 RO JACKSON APACHE 48 60 6 L 59 5 7 110 377 IL 65 177 1 75 W STEPHENS MURRAY 259 44 7D 5 7 5 7 ATOKA PUSHMATAHA TILLMAN 53 2 271 81 53 3 44 277 5 JOHNSTON MCCURTAIN 60 54 53 36 5A 48A 10 89 76 70 35 5B 69 5 99 3 65 1 259A 59 COTTON CARTER 78 199 199 22 70 T 70 U R 93 79 N 259 60 48 271 P 70 I K 147 89 70 70 199 CHOCTAW E 3 85A JEFFERSON 22 125 DELAWARE 99C 98 70 70 25 32 MARSHALL 70 76 LOVE 70 77S 32 109 109 70 32 109 70B 70A 99 BRYAN 70E 271 32 37 3 81 96 35 91 78 3 77 259 87 38 FEDERALLY RECOGNIZED TRIBES (Tribal Boundaries provided by the Bureau of Land Management) ABSENTEE SHAWNEE TRIBE CHOCTAW NATION IOWA TRIBE MUSCOGEE (CREEK) NATION QUAPAW TRIBE UNITED KEETOOWAH BAND OF CHEROKEES ALABAMA QUASSARTE TRIBAL TOWN CITIZEN POTAWATOMI TRIBE KAW NATION OSAGE NATION SAC AND FOX NATION WICHITA & AFFILIATED TRIBE APACHE TRIBE COMANCHE NATION KIALEGEE TRIBAL TOWN OTOE - MISSOURIA TRIBE SEMINOLE NATION WYANDOTTE NATION CADDO TRIBE DELAWARE NATION KICKAPOO TRIBE OTTAWA TRIBE SENECA - CAYUGA TRIBE CHEROKEE NATION DELAWARE TRIBE OF INDIANS KIOWA TRIBE PAWNEE NATION SHAWNEE TRIBE OKLAHOMA DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION CHEYENNE - ARAPAHO TRIBES EASTERN SHAWNEE TRIBE MIAMI NATION PEORIA TRIBE THLOPTHLOCCO TRIBAL TOWN PLANNING & RESEARCH DIVISION 2010 GIS MANAGEMENT BRANCH FT. SILL APACHE 200 N.E. 21ST. STREET CHICKASAW NATION MODOC TRIBE PONCA NATION TONKAWA TRIBE OKLAHOMA CITY, OKLAHOMA 73105 G:/TRIBAL_JURISDICTIONS.gws.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Tribal Relations and Consultation at Txdot
    Tribal Relations and Consultation at TxDOT Draft Strategic Plan 2016 Archeological Studies Branch, Cultural Resources Management (CRM) Section, Environmental Affairs Division (ENV) Vision for Tribal Relations and Consultation at TxDOT The Texas Department of Transportation is a best-in-class agency that goes above and beyond the spirit of consultation to work collaboratively with federally recognized Native American tribes toward mutually beneficial outcomes during all levels of the transportation process. Mission of the Tribal Relations and Consultation Program: Build relationships and purposefully collaborate with tribal nations in the planning and implementation of TxDOT projects and programs. In working with tribal nations, TxDOT: . Recognizes the inherent sovereign status and reserved rights of tribes; . Practices and promotes cultural sensitivity when working with tribes; . Honors the spirit of various federal requirements and orders to consult with tribes; . Aims to go above and beyond current practices to foster trust and productivity; . Commits to providing meaningful and substantive consultation with tribes on transportation projects; and . Promotes collaborative consultation opportunities during planning and review processes within TXDOT. 2 Draft Tribal Relations and Consultation Strategic Plan 2016 Foreword Texas’ long and rich cultural history is rooted in the indigenous people who once inhabited the land. Tribal nations continue to have an inherent interest in the state’s natural and cultural resources. Today, the federal government recognizes tribes’ inherent sovereign status, a unique relationship that is embodied in the U.S. Constitution, treaties, court decisions, federal statutes and executive orders. As TxDOT builds a safe and reliable transportation system, the agency (on behalf of the Federal Highway Administration) consults with tribes on statewide transportation plans and projects with federal funding.
    [Show full text]
  • Delaware Indian Land Claims: a Historical and Legal Perspective
    Delaware Indian land Claims: A Historical and Legal Perspective DAVID A. EZZO Alden, New York and MICHAEL MOSKOWITZ Wantagh, New York In this paper we shall discuss Delaware Indian land claims in both a histori­ cal and legal context. The first section of the paper deals with the historical background necessary to understand the land claims filed by the Delaware. In the second part of the paper the focus is on a legal review of the Delaware land claims cases. Ezzo is responsible for the first section while Moskowitz is responsible for the second section. 1. History The term Delaware has been used to describe the descendants of the Native Americans that resided in the Delaware River Valley and other adjacent areas at the start of the 17th century. The Delaware spoke two dialects: Munsee and Unami, both of these belong to the Eastern Algonquian Lan­ guage family. Goddard has noted that the Delaware never formed a single political unit. He also has noted that the term Delaware was only applied to these groups after they had migrated from their original Northeastern homeland. Goddard sums up the Delaware migration as follows: The piecemeal western migration, in the face of white settlement and its attendant pressures during the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, left the Delaware in a number of widely scattered places in Southern Ontario, Western New York, Wisconsin, Kansas and Oklahoma. Their history involves the repeated divisions and consolidations of many villages and of local, political and linguistic groups that developed in complicated and incompletely known ways. In addition, individuals, families and small groups were constantly moving from place to place.
    [Show full text]
  • Tonkawa Indians Before the Time of the Spanish Explorers, Native Americans Inhabited the Open Ranges and Woodlands of Texas
    Tonkawa Indians Before the time of the Spanish explorers, Native Americans inhabited the open ranges and woodlands of Texas. One group that made its mark in history is the Tonkawa Indians. These people were thought to have come to Texas as early as the seventeenth century. Tonkawa, a Waco Indian word, means, “they all stay together,” which eloquently describes this group of nomadic Indian tribes. There is scant archeological evidence of the Tonkawa people, and historians have several theories on the tribal structure and lifestyles of this group. Some believe the Tonkawa were actually a group of independent bands of Indians, which may have included the Sana, Toho, Tohaha, Cantona, and Cava Indians. In the early eighteenth century these bands of Indians were thought to have joined together to form Tonkawa Proper. There is some evidence that the Tonkawa actually came to Texas much earlier as one cohesive group of Tonkawa Indians that lived further north. These nomadic hunters lived in tepees made from buffalo hide, grass and other materials. Tepees allowed bands to easily pack their homes and move with the migrating herds of buffalo or to outrun their enemies. An elected tribal chief led each band of Tonkawa, and each band was composed of maternal clans. Unlike many societies that are patriarchal, the Tonkawa clan membership followed on the side of the mother. When a couple got married, the man would go live with his wife’s clan, and the children would become members of their mother’s clan as well. As a society that always stays together, the Tonkawa established a system that ensured all widows, widowers, and orphaned children were taken care of if their family members died.
    [Show full text]
  • WGSS Womenarehuman V7 N11 1978.Pdf (11.26Mb)
    W01\1EN ARE HUMAN WOMEN'S STUDIES LIBRARY THE OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY Volume 7 November 17, 1978 Number 11 REVIEWS other ways. She does not seem to in- Materials in the OSU Libraries about, tend to paint such a negative picture-- for and by women (the location is in- but negative it is. On the other hand, dicated above each number). To de- Goldsmith is aware of some of the pos- termine if a copy is available call 422-3900. sible psychological reasons behind the behavior of this rather bizarre person; the trouble is that she plays armchair psychiatrist too often. Then there is WOMEN'S Gilbert, Julie Goldsmith. Goldsmith's enormously annoying habit STUDIES Ferber, a biography. of repeating herself, and others, from PS3511 Garden City, New York, chapter to chapter and using incredibly E66Z8 G5 Doubleday & Co., 1978. pretentious language. She glibly uses "lagniappe"--a word I had to look up Edna Ferber's biography has been writ- in the dictionary--and frequently attri- ten by her great-niece, Julie Gilbert butes its use to others, as in this Goldsmith, who certainly seems to want sentence, allegedly spoken or written us to like Ferber, remember her for the by Kate Steichen, then an editor: many huge books she wrote, and gain " ••• At Doubleday we iust didn't take an insight into how Ferber lived on a any lagniappe or gravy from authors--let scale comparable to her books. These alone agents." My response to that books are huge in scope, and huge in comes from an old favorite line in the verbiage.
    [Show full text]
  • Teacher’S Guide Teacher’S Guide Little Bighorn National Monument
    LITTLE BIGHORN NATIONAL MONUMENT TEACHER’S GUIDE TEACHER’S GUIDE LITTLE BIGHORN NATIONAL MONUMENT INTRODUCTION The purpose of this Teacher’s Guide is to provide teachers grades K-12 information and activities concerning Plains Indian Life-ways, the events surrounding the Battle of the Little Bighorn, the Personalities involved and the Impact of the Battle. The information provided can be modified to fit most ages. Unit One: PERSONALITIES Unit Two: PLAINS INDIAN LIFE-WAYS Unit Three: CLASH OF CULTURES Unit Four: THE CAMPAIGN OF 1876 Unit Five: BATTLE OF THE LITTLE BIGHORN Unit Six: IMPACT OF THE BATTLE In 1879 the land where The Battle of the Little Bighorn occurred was designated Custer Battlefield National Cemetery in order to protect the bodies of the men buried on the field of battle. With this designation, the land fell under the control of the United States War Department. It would remain under their control until 1940, when the land was turned over to the National Park Service. Custer Battlefield National Monument was established by Congress in 1946. The name was changed to Little Bighorn National Monument in 1991. This area was once the homeland of the Crow Indians who by the 1870s had been displaced by the Lakota and Cheyenne. The park consists of 765 acres on the east boundary of the Little Bighorn River: the larger north- ern section is known as Custer Battlefield, the smaller Reno-Benteen Battlefield is located on the bluffs over-looking the river five miles to the south. The park lies within the Crow Indian Reservation in southeastern Montana, one mile east of I-90.
    [Show full text]
  • Cherokee Nation and Chickasaw Nation Criminal Jurisdiction Compacting Act of 2021
    Cherokee Nation and Chickasaw Nation Criminal Jurisdiction Compacting Act of 2021 Language Explainer This fact sheet summarizes, section-by-section, proposed Federal legislation relating to the Cherokee and Chickasaw Nations. If enacted, this bill would strengthen Tribal self- determination and empower Tribal-State partnerships by authorizing those Nations to compact with Oklahoma respecting criminal jurisdiction. The bill is proposed after consultation with those Nations and upon their request. Further, Oklahoma government officials have previously called for or otherwise offered public support for the approach integrated to this bill. Section 1 (Title) – Consistent with the bill’s scope and purpose, it is titled “Cherokee Nation and Chickasaw Nation Criminal Jurisdiction Compacting Act of 2021.” Section 2 (Definitions) – This section offers operative definitions for key terms in the bill, two of which are particularly important to the scope of its central authorization to compact. “Indian country” is defined by reference to statute, but “Indian land” is defined to include only lands universally understood to be “Indian country” prior to the U.S. Supreme Court’s decision in McGirt—lands such as Tribal trust land, restricted allotments, and so-called dependent Indian communities. As such, “Indian land” is a subset of “Indian country,” and as provided in later sections, no authority would be granted to affect by compact any jurisdiction on “Indian lands.” Section 3 (Findings) – The findings clarify the bill’s intent and purpose. Consistent with Federal law, they acknowledge each Nation’s reservation as “Indian country” for purposes of criminal jurisdiction. The findings note ongoing intergovernmental work to enhance Tribal-State coordination in reservation law enforcement and particularly commend the use of compacting for purposes of supporting Tribal self-determination and intergovernmental cooperation.
    [Show full text]
  • Tribal Advisory Committee Summer 2017 Agenda
    CDC/ATSDR Tribal Advisory Committee Meeting Artesian Hotel 1001 West 1st Street, Sulphur, OK Note: All times are in Central Daylight Time (CDT) Tuesday, August 8, 2017 Federal Moderator: CDC Deputy Director/OSTLTS Director Tribal Moderator: Tribal Advisory Committee Chair 8:00 am Tribal Caucus (Tribal Members Only) This session is open only to currently enrolled members of federally recognized tribes. This session is closed to all federal employees, regardless of Tribal affiliation. 9:00 am Opening Blessing Jefferson Keel, MS (Chickasaw Nation), Lieutenant Governor, Chickasaw Nation Presentation of Colors—Chickasaw Nation Honor Guard 9:20 am Tribal Advisory Committee (TAC) Business and Tribal Support Unit (TSU) Briefing Update TSU developmental work and the recent evaluation of the Winter 2017 TAC meeting • Roll Call—Priyanka Oza, Public Health Advisor, TSU, OSTLTS, CDC • Reading of TAC Roles & Responsibilities—Chester Antone (Tohono O’odham Nation), Councilman, Tohono O’odham Nation; TAC Chair • Welcome from the Designated Federal Official—José T. Montero, MD, MHCDS, Director, OSTLTS; Deputy Director for State, Tribal, Local and Territorial Support, CDC • Presentation of TAC business items— Captain Carmen Clelland, PharmD, MPA (Cheyenne and Arapaho Tribes), US Public Health Service (USPHS); Associate Director for Tribal Support, OSTLTS, CDC Commander Damion Killsback, PharmD, MPH (Northern Cheyenne Tribe), USPHS; Deputy Associate Director for Tribal Support, OSTLTS, CDC 9:50 am CDC Office of the Director Updates Agency-wide activities
    [Show full text]
  • 31 Days of Oscar® 2010 Schedule
    31 DAYS OF OSCAR® 2010 SCHEDULE Monday, February 1 6:00 AM Only When I Laugh (’81) (Kevin Bacon, James Coco) 8:15 AM Man of La Mancha (’72) (James Coco, Harry Andrews) 10:30 AM 55 Days at Peking (’63) (Harry Andrews, Flora Robson) 1:30 PM Saratoga Trunk (’45) (Flora Robson, Jerry Austin) 4:00 PM The Adventures of Don Juan (’48) (Jerry Austin, Viveca Lindfors) 6:00 PM The Way We Were (’73) (Viveca Lindfors, Barbra Streisand) 8:00 PM Funny Girl (’68) (Barbra Streisand, Omar Sharif) 11:00 PM Lawrence of Arabia (’62) (Omar Sharif, Peter O’Toole) 3:00 AM Becket (’64) (Peter O’Toole, Martita Hunt) 5:30 AM Great Expectations (’46) (Martita Hunt, John Mills) Tuesday, February 2 7:30 AM Tunes of Glory (’60) (John Mills, John Fraser) 9:30 AM The Dam Busters (’55) (John Fraser, Laurence Naismith) 11:30 AM Mogambo (’53) (Laurence Naismith, Clark Gable) 1:30 PM Test Pilot (’38) (Clark Gable, Mary Howard) 3:30 PM Billy the Kid (’41) (Mary Howard, Henry O’Neill) 5:15 PM Mr. Dodd Takes the Air (’37) (Henry O’Neill, Frank McHugh) 6:45 PM One Way Passage (’32) (Frank McHugh, William Powell) 8:00 PM The Thin Man (’34) (William Powell, Myrna Loy) 10:00 PM The Best Years of Our Lives (’46) (Myrna Loy, Fredric March) 1:00 AM Inherit the Wind (’60) (Fredric March, Noah Beery, Jr.) 3:15 AM Sergeant York (’41) (Noah Beery, Jr., Walter Brennan) 5:30 AM These Three (’36) (Walter Brennan, Marcia Mae Jones) Wednesday, February 3 7:15 AM The Champ (’31) (Marcia Mae Jones, Walter Beery) 8:45 AM Viva Villa! (’34) (Walter Beery, Donald Cook) 10:45 AM The Pubic Enemy
    [Show full text]
  • Before the Line Volume Iii Caddo Indians: the Final Years
    BEFORE THE LINE VOLUME III CADDO INDIANS: THE FINAL YEARS BEFORE THE LINE VOLUME III CADDO INDIANS: THE FINAL YEARS Jim Tiller Copyright © 2013 by Jim Tiller All rights reserved Bound versions of this book have been deposited at the following locations: Louisiana State University, Shreveport (Shreveport, Louisiana) Sam Houston State University (Huntsville, Texas) Stephen F. Austin State University (Nacogdoches, Texas) Texas A&M University (College Station, Texas) Texas General Land Office (Archives and Records) (Austin, Texas) Texas State Library (Austin, Texas) University of North Texas (Denton, Texas) University of Texas at Austin (Austin, Texas) To view a pdf of selected pages of this and other works by Jim Tiller, see: http://library.shsu.edu > Digital Collection > search for: Jim Tiller Electronic versions of Vol. I, II and III as well as a limited number of bound sets of the Before the Line series are available from: The Director, Newton Gresham Library, Sam Houston State University, PO Box 2281 (1830 Bobby K. Marks Drive), Huntsville, Texas 77341 Phone: 936-294-1613 Design and production by Nancy T. Tiller The text typefaces are Adobe Caslon Pro and Myriad Pro ISBN 978-0-9633100-6-4 iv For the People of the Caddo Nation Also by Jim Tiller Our American Adventure: The History of a Pioneer East Texas Family, 1657-1967(2008) (with Albert Wayne Tiller) Named Best Family History Book by a Non-Professional Genealogist for 2008 by the Texas State Genealogical Society Before the Line Volume I An Annotated Atlas of International Boundaries and Republic of Texas Administrative Units Along the Sabine River-Caddo Lake Borderland, 1803-1841 (2010) Before the Line Volume II Letters From the Red River, 1809-1842 (2012) Jehiel Brooks and the Grappe Reservation: The Archival Record (working manuscript) vi CONTENTS Preface .
    [Show full text]
  • Chapter 7 Comanche Historical Ethnography And
    Chapter 7 Comanche Historical Ethnography and Ethnohistory ______________________________________________________ 7.1 Introduction The earliest mention of the Comanche in the historical record date to 1706. Comanche ethnogenesis took place about two centuries earlier, after their separation from the Shoshone near the Wind River region. In a step-wise migration bands left the parent society and moved south along the eastern flank of the Rocky Mountains. Initially Comanche bands inhabited the central plains along the Platte, Republican, and Arkansas rivers in eastern Colorado. According to numerous scholars, the Comanche quickly transitioned from a Great Basin culture to a Great Plains life way, although the Comanche retained many Great Basin cultural beliefs and practices.1 However seeking greater trade opportunities and horses, along with the rapidly changing political economic conditions, Comanche bands migrated southeast. By the latter part of the eighteenth century the Comanche consolidated their position on the southern Great Plains after a series of territorial and economic conflicts various tribes and the Spanish.2 Strategically employing warfare, treaty negotiations, and alliances the Comanche controlled the region between the Arkansas and Pecos rivers, an area comprising present-day western Texas and Oklahoma, eastern New Mexico, southeast Colorado, and southwest Kansas.3 By 1820 the Comanche occupied primarily the territory south of the Arkansas River, while the Cheyenne and Arapaho occupied the lands north of the river.4 They controlled this region until the reservation period. The Comanche were never a tribe, unified under a centralized political structure. Rather Comanche ethnicity and social unity was based on common cultural traditions, 600 language, history, and political economic goals.
    [Show full text]
  • Chapter 3 Arapaho Ethnohistory and Historical
    Chapter 3 Arapaho Ethnohistory and Historical Ethnography ______________________________________________________ 3.1 Introduction The Arapaho believe they were the first people created on earth. The Arapaho called themselves, the Hinanae'inan, "Our Own Kind of People.”1 After their creation, Arapaho tradition places them at the earth's center. The belief in the centrality of their location is no accident. Sociologically, the Arapaho occupied the geographical center among the five ethnic distinct tribal-nations that existed prior to the direct European contact.2 3.2 Culture History and Territory Similar to many other societies, the ethnic formation of the Arapaho on the Great Plains into a tribal-nation was a complex sociological process. The original homeland for the tribe, according to evidence, was the region of the Red River and the Saskatchewan River in settled horticultural communities. From this original homeland various Arapaho divisions gradually migrated southwest, adapting to living on the Great Plains.3 One of the sacred objects, symbolic of their life as horticulturalists, that they carried with them onto the Northern Plains is a stone resembling an ear of corn. According to their oral traditions, the Arapaho were composed originally of five distinct tribes. 4 Arapaho elders remember the Black Hills country, and claim that they once owned that region, before moving south and west into the heart of the Great Plains. By the early nineteenth century, the Arapaho positioned themselves geographically from the two forks of the Cheyenne River, west of the Black Hills southward to the eastern front 87 of the central Rocky Mountains at the headwaters of the Arkansas River.5 By 1806 the Arapaho formed an alliance with the Cheyenne to resist against further intrusion west by the Sioux beyond the Missouri River.
    [Show full text]
  • Kiowa and Cheyenne's Story
    Kiowa and Cheyenne's Story Along the Santa Fe Trail My life changed forever along the Santa Fe Trail. It was hot August 2, 2003 as my family traveled homeward to Littleton, Colorado from a family vacation through Kansas. This side of Dodge City my husband, Jeff, nine-year-old Michael and seven-year-old Stacia and I debated whether or not to stop at a Point of Interest close to the highway. It was educational and free, so, why not, we stopped. The parking lot was completely empty except for an elderly man sitting on a bench and two skinny dogs close by him. As we headed up the trail leading to a sign explaining the local history, the dogs approached us. We glanced at the man for permission to pet the dogs. He just smiled in silence. We petted their thin sides, receiving kisses in return. The brown Boxer mix and the black Lab wearily followed us up the trail, laying down each time we stopped. After a brief rabbit chase, both dogs returned, following us back to the dry, dusty parking lot. I told the man to call his dogs since we were leaving. He said they weren‛t his. But, they had to be; no one else was around. I called him a liar and we began arguing! A Winnebago arrived and Jeff asked if the dogs belonged to them. No. The old man kept telling me to take the dogs. Finally Jeff whispered to me that the dogs didn‛t act like they knew the old man any better than they did us.
    [Show full text]