Unit 2 American Revolution Chapters 5-7

Essential Questions (EQs)

• What is a revolution? • When is a revolution appropriate? • Were the Americans justified in their actions?

Revolution (as defined by dictionary.com)

• 1. an overthrow or repudiation and the thorough replacement of an established government or political system by the people governed. • 2. Sociology . a radical and pervasive change in society and the social structure, esp. one made suddenly and often accompanied by violence. Compare social evolution . • 3. a sudden, complete or marked change in something: the present revolution in church architecture. • 4. a procedure or course, as if in a circuit, back to a starting point. • 5. a single turn of this kind.

1 What causes change?

• Unhappiness with the current situation can cause change • Change can lead to disagreements if someone or group is impacted negatively by the change • Disagreements can lead to conflict if compromise can’t be reached

A. Development of the American Personality

• Salutary Neglect • Surviving in an unforgiving, hostile environment gives colonists a sense of worth and confidence • Diversity both in nationalities and religions

B. Colonial America 1750’s

• By 1750’s the colonists were shaped by culture heritage and their environment • They were more diverse than England and the colonists resembled one another more than their English rulers • Farther away from the cities-less rule/control the English had over the colonists

2 Make a prediction

• What happened between the American colonists and the British that caused a revolution?

Class work C. French and Indian War

• Summarize the French and Indian War. • Label as C. in your notes (right side) • Who was the war between? • What caused it? • Who won? • What were the major results? • Look at the last paragraph on page 65 (Americans were thrilled…) • Why do you think the colonists wanted revolution when the passage said they were so proud of being British?

C. French and Indian War

• French and Native Americans vs. British and the American colonist • Dispute over land claims in N. America • “part of a long struggle over territory and power” • The British and the colonists won • The English received control of most of North America • Negative result-were in major debt from war

3 D. British Acts

1. Proclamation of 1763 2. The Stamp Act 3. The Quartering Act 4. The Townshend Acts 5. The Tea Act 6. The Intolerable Acts

Act Activity

• Each group will be responsible for all 6 of the Acts • Summarize the reason why each act was created ( cause ) • Define the act itself • Summarize the colonists reactions/actions ( effect )

Causes Act Effect

American Revolution Timeline

• Pull out the 6 Acts you are responsible for knowing and define them • List all of the types of ways the Americans protested these acts. • Match the protest to the act • Legal or illegal?

4 1. Proclamation of 1763 (example)

a. American colonists could not settle west of the App. Mts. b. Americans who already lived there had to move back east c. It was created to try to end the fighting between NA and colonists d. Americans thought they had the right to move there and thought the law was an act of tyranny e. The Americans ignored the law and moved anyway

2. The Stamp Act (1765) a. All printed materials are taxed including: newspapers, wills, even playing cards! (affects everyone) b. Created by Parliament to raise money for the English Government c. Colonists believe the tax is a violation of their rights as English citizens; “no taxation without representation” d. Underground Organizations (SoL) commit acts of civil disobedience

2. The Stamp Act e. Stamp Act Congress meets to right petitions asking for the a repeal of the tax f. Colonist boycott English goods and paper products g. As a result of these protests, England repeals the Stamp Act in 1766 1. However Parliament states it has total power to make any laws governing the colonies

5 3. Quartering Act (1765) a. Requires colonists to house British troops and supply them with food b. Created because British troops are in the colonies to enforce the taxes and its expensive to provide food and shelter to soldiers (colonists are the reason they’re here, so they should pay) c. Colonists are outraged; an invasion of their right to privacy and oppose it (esp. in New York)

3. Quartering Act (1765) d. NY state legislature refuses to comply and is disbanded (makes colonists even angrier) e. Clashes between SoL and British troops occur and Boston Massacre happens in 3/5/1770 f. As a result of protests the Act is not renewed

4. Townshend Acts (1767) a. A series of taxes on imported goods like paper, paint and tea b. Government officials can search colonial property without warrants “writs of assistance” c. Raise money for the government d. Colonists believe the tax is a violation of their rights as English citizens; “no taxation without representation” e. Colonists unite to boycott goods, British officials are attacked, threaten to arm themselves; Boston Massacre happens on 3/5/1770

6 4. Townshend Acts (1767) f. Acts are repealed except the tax on tea (England wanted to prove a point) g. Colonists create a committee of correspondence to help spread news and open communication channels among the colonies

5. Tea Act (1773) a. Tax on tea; has been in place since 1767. b. Its an attempt to save the British East Indian Company from bankruptcy and gives the company a monopoly on selling teas c. Am. merchants are affected financially and believe the tax is a violation of their rights

5. Tea Act (1773) d. Boston Tea Party 12/16/1773 takes place

7 6. Intolerable Acts (1774) a. Created to punish the colonists, esp. Bostonians for the BTP 1. Shuts down Boston harbor, until damaged tea is paid for 2. Martial law- Military is in control of Mass. • Ends self-rule there 3. British officials accused of crimes in the colonies will be tried in England 4. Extend boundary of Canada into lands claimed by Mass 5. New Quartering Act is created

6. Intolerable Acts (1774) b. Colonists are outraged by the laws c. First Continental Congress meets 1. Right petitions against laws • Rights of citizens are being violated 2. Promotes the formation of local militia units 3. Agree to boycott British goods d. Parliament declares Mass. To be in open rebellion and military ordered to suppress it “by all necessary force”

E.. Lexington and Concord a. First skirmish/battle of the revolution b. British troops were sent to capture Patriot leaders and weapons c. Patriots were warned (Paul Revere’s Famous Midnight Ride) d. British retreat back to Boston