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Alternative Crops Columbia Basin Archival copy. For current information, see the OSU Extension Catalog: https://catalog.extension.oregonstate.edu/em8915 EM 8915 • October 2006 ALTERNATIVE CROPS FOR THE COLUMBIA BASIN Archival copy. For current information, see the OSU Extension Catalog: https://catalog.extension.oregonstate.edu/em8915 • i Contents Preface ................................................................................................................................................................................ iii Acknowledgments, bilbiography, and references ..................................................................................................................iv Grasses and cereal grains .................................................................................................................................................... 1 Broad-leafed herbs and forbs ............................................................................................................................................... 7 Shrubs and trees ................................................................................................................................................................ 19 Opportunities for xeriscape plant nurseries in the Columbia Basin .................................................................................... 23 Introduced species considered noxious weeds that may show possibilities for oilseed, adhesives, or other properties .....25 Native grasses, herbs, and shrubs for land restoration after fi re, erosion, or mechanical disturbance ................................ 25 Index of common names .................................................................................................................................................... 26 Index of scientifi c names .................................................................................................................................................... 27 Authors Stephen Machado, assistant professor, Columbia Basin Experiment Station, Oregon State University Brian Tuck, professor and Extension agent (crops), Wasco County, Oregon State University Sandy Macnab, professor and Extension agent (agriculture), Sherman County, Oregon State University Jordan Maley, Extension faculty, agriculture, Gilliam County, Oregon State University Jerry Igo,Wasco County © 2006 Oregon State University This publication was produced and distributed in furtherance of the Acts of Congress of May 8 and June 30, 1914. Extension work is a cooperative program of Oregon State University, the U.S. Department of Agriculture, and Oregon counties. Oregon State University Extension Service offers educational programs, activities, and materials—without discrimination based on age, color, disability, gender identity or expression, marital status, national origin, race, religion, sex, sexual orientation, or veteran’s status. Oregon State University Extension Service is an Equal Opportunity Employer. Published October 2006. Archival copy. For current information, see the OSU Extension Catalog: https://catalog.extension.oregonstate.edu/em8915 • ii Acknowledgments, bibliography, and references Oregon State University publications University of California Available from OSU Extension and Station Communi- Specialty and Minor Crops Handbook, 40 contributing cations, 422 Kerr Administration, Corvallis, OR 97331 authors. or online (http://extension.oregonstate.edu): Alternate Crops for Dryland in Idaho, K. Kephart and Chickpea Production Guide, EM 8791-E, M. Corp, D. Auld. et al. (revised 2004). Intermountain Planting Guide, AG510, Contact Extension Publications (435-797-2251) Edible Mustard, EM 8796-E, D. Wysocki and M. Corp (2002). Personal conversation Feasibility of Industrial Hemp Production in the Tim Butler, Oregon Department of Agriculture, Weed United States Pacifi c Northwest, SB 681, Division D. Ehrensing (1998). Bruce Newhouse, Native Plant Society of Oregon Grain Sorghum, EM 8794-E. G. Arman-Agyeman, Sam Wilkins, Oregon Department of Transportation et al. (2002). Dr. Richard Old, University of Idaho Narrow-leaf Lupin, EM 8834-E, K. Kettel, et al. (2003). Bruce Barnes, Native Plant Society of Oregon Saffl ower, EM 8792-E, G. Arman-Agyeman, et al. Berta Youtie, The Nature Conservancy (2002). Dr. Kenton Chambers, Dr. Scott Sundberg, Dr. Aaron Sudangrass, EM 8793-E, G. Arman-Agyeman, et al. Liston, Oregon State University (2002). Milestone Nurseries, Lyle, Washington Dry Creek Seed Co., Mosier, Oregon Available from the Columbia Basin Experiment Station Amazing Grains, John Sheldon, Boseman, Montana (phone 541-278-4416): GROWISER, Andy Huber, LaGrande, Oregon Alternative Rotation Crops: Lentils. S. Machado, B. Tuck, and C. Humphrey. Columbia Basin Wallace Hansen, Native Plants, Salem, Oregon Agricultural Research Center Special Report 1068 We are grateful for the continuing help of county (2006). Extension agents throughout the Columbia Basin. Alternative Rotation Crops: Peas. S. Machado, Photo credits B. Tuck, and C. Humphrey. Columbia Basin Agricultural Research Center Special Report 1061 Patrick Alexander: Gourd (USDA. NRCS. 2006. The (2005). PLANTS Database. http://plants.usda.gov) Jennifer Anderson: Jerusalem artichoke (USDA. Potential Alternative Crops for Eastern Oregon. NRCS. 2006. The PLANTS Database. Columbia Basin Agricultural Research Center http://plants.usda.gov) Special Report 1054, S. Machado (2004). Thomas G. Barnes: Ginseng (USDA. NRCS. 2006. Purdue University new crop fact sheets The PLANTS Database. http://plants.usda.gov. Indian Ricegrass, Magness, et al. Originally published in Barnes, T.G. and S.W. Francis. 2004. Wildfl owers and Ferns of Kentucky. Needlegrasses, Magness, et al. University Press of Kentucky.) Garbanzo, F.J. Muhlbauer, et al. Scott Bauer, USDA Agricultural Research Service: Washington Field bean, soybean Washington Minor Crops, A. Schreiber and L. Ritchie. Archival copy. For current information, see the OSU Extension Catalog: https://catalog.extension.oregonstate.edu/em8915 • iii Neil Bell, Oregon State University Extension Service: Robert H. Mohlenbrock: Peppermint, spearmint, Cactus, evening-primrose, golden currant, sumac Indian hemp (USDA. NRCS. 2006. The PLANTS Ryan Bessette, Wasco County SWCD: Rye, salsify Database. http://plants.usda.gov. Originally Pat Breen, Oregon State University Department of published in USDA. NRCS. 1995. Northeast Horticulture: Bitter cherry, chokecherry, Oregon Wetland Flora: Field Offi ce Guide to Plant white oak Species. Northeast National Technical Center, Carol Brooks: Sunfl ower Chester, PA and in Midwest Wetland Flora: Field Brother Alfred Brousseau: Wormwood, daikon (USDA. Offi ce Illustrated Guide to Plant Species. Midwest NRCS. 2006. The PLANTS Database. http://plants. National Technical Center. Courtesy of USDA usda.gov. Courtesy of St. Mary’s College of NRCS Wetland Science Institute) California) Gary Monroe: Grasspea (USDA. NRCS. 2006. The Butser Ancient Farm: Spelt wheat PLANTS Database. http://plants.usda.gov) Michael Charters: Aster, bitterbrush, olive (http://elib. Northharvest Bean Growers Association: Mung bean cs.berkeley.edu) Richard Old: Columbia brome, Indian reed G.A. Cooper: Native buckwheat, vernonia (USDA. Oregon State University Extension and Experiment NRCS. 2006. The PLANTS Database. http://plants. Station Communications: chili pepper, grape, usda.gov) juniper, meadowfoam, pumpkin Daryl Ehrensing, Oregon State University Department J.S. Peterson: Horsebrush, Idaho fescue, incense-cedar. of Crop and Soil Science: Hemp, kamut www.swcoloradowildfl owers.com (USDA. NRCS. Mary Ellen Harte: Willow 2006. The PLANTS Database. http://plants.usda. Patrick Hayes, Oregon State University Department of gov) Crop and Soil Science: Barley Win Phippen: Black-eyed pea, Sunn hemp Russ Ingham, Oregon State University Department of Dave Powell, USDA Forest Service: Douglas hawthorn Botany and Plant Pathology: Sudangrass Richard Roseberg: Spurge James Johnson: Timothy (USDA. NRCS. 2006. Al Schneider: Gumweed, sagebrush (USDA. NRCS. The PLANTS Database. http://plants.usda.gov. 2006. The PLANTS Database. http://plants.usda. Originally published in USDA NRCS. 1992. gov) Western Wetland Flora: Field Offi ce Guide to Plant Clint Shock, Oregon State University Malheur Species. West Region, Sacramento, CA. Courtesy Experiment Station: Bladderpod, desert-parsley, of USDA NRCS Wetland Science Institute) fl ax, onion, rabbitbrush, Basin wildrye, blue Christof Kling, State Plant Breeding Institute, elderberry University of Hohenheim: Einkorn, emmer Robert Soreng: Junegrass (USDA. NRCS. 2006. Paul Latham: Lima bean The PLANTS Database. http://plants.usda.gov. Stephen Machado, Oregon State University Columbia Courtesy of Smithsonian Institution, Department of Basin Experiment Station: Buckwheat, chickpea, Systematic Biology-Botany) fi eld pea, lentil, mustard Forest and Kim Starr, USGS: Cuphea Sandy MacNab, Oregon State University Extension Brian Tuck, Oregon State University Extension Service: Carrot, crambe, durum wheat, garlic, Service: Canola, needlegrass, Indian ricegrass triticale, saffl ower W.L. Wagner: Squirreltail (USDA. NRCS. 2006. Susan McDougal: Cottonwood (USDA. NRCS. 2006. The PLANTS Database. http://plants.usda.gov. The PLANTS Database. http://plants.usda.gov) Courtesy of Smithsonian Institution, Department of Stephen McLaughlin: Hersperaloe Systematic Biology-Botany) Teresa Welch, Oregon State University Extension Service: Dill, red-osier dogwood, fava bean, fennel, fl owers (gaillardia), herbs, horseradish,
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