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PEACE Info (August 29-31, 2020)

PEACE Info (August 29-31, 2020)

PEACE Info (August 29-31, 2020)

− Baby steps to a democratic federal union − Villagers Demand Justice For Army’s Killing of Civilian − Man shot dead and woman killed in artillery strike, three other women wounded, as COVID ravages Rakhine − ’s Military Blamed for Two Rakhine Civilian Deaths − Locals Object to Confiscation of Their Land to Build Hydropower Plant Housing − 8.8 kg of heroin seized in Myanmar's central region − Myanmar blocks website of rights group critical of Tatmadaw − ဗ��လ�ခ��ပ��က��ယ�က�စစ�၏ �န�ပည��တ��ခရ��စ��သည�ဖက�ဒရယ�တည��ဆ�က��ရ�အတ�က� အ�ထ�က�အက��ဖစ�ဟ� RCSS ဆ�� − ၂၁ ရ�စ�ပင�လ�ံ စတ�တ�က �ပ��ခ��တ�� ည�လ�ခံ�တ� ထက� ပ��ထ���ခ��တယ� − KNU အ�ထ��ထ�အတ�င���ရ�မ��-၂ �ဟ�င�� ပဒ��မန��မန��မန����င�� �တ��ဆ�ံ�မ��မန��ခ�က� − သ���ဖစ�သ� AA ထ��ရ�က��နလ��� �က��က��ဖ�အမတ��လ�င�� အမည�စ�ရင��က�န ပယ�ခ�ခံရ − တပ�မ�တ��တ�င� ဗ��လ�မ��တ�ဝန�ထမ���ဆ�င�ခ���ပ�� AA အဖ���သ��� �ရ�က�ရ��သ����ခင����က�င�� ၎င��၏ဖခင��ဖစ�သ� လက�ရ�� ရခ��င��ပည�နယ� လ�တ��တ��က��ယ�စ��လ�ယ�အ�� ၂၀၂၀ �ရ���က�က�ပ��ဝင��ရ�က�မည�� က��ယ�စ��လ�ယ��လ�င��အ�ဖစ�မ� �ပည��ထ�င�စ��ရ���က�က�ပ���က��မရ�င� ပယ�ဖ�က� − အမ���မ ���နယ�၌ က��ယ�ထ�လက��ရ�က�က���လ�န�ခ��တ�� စစ�သည� ၁ ဦ�က�� အ�ရ�ယ�မည� − ကရင��ပည�နယ�မ�� တ��က�ခ��က�ခံရလ��� တပ�မ�တ��သ��တခ���� �သဆ�ံ� − ပစ�သတ�ခံရ�သ� တပ�မ�တ��သ�� ၂ ဦ�၏ အ�လ�င��အ�� သယ�ယ�စ�� ဗ�ံ��ပ�က�၍ ၃ ဦ� ထပ�မံ�သဆ�ံ��ပ�� ၅ ဦ� ဒဏ�ရ�ရ − ရ�သ��တ�င� �စတ��ပင�ရ��သ��တစ�ဦ� ��ခ�ထ�က�က�� က�ည�ဆံထ�မ�န� − အသ��ပ�မ� အ��နည��သ�ဖင�� �နရပ��ပန��ရ� ဆ�ံ��ဖတ�ရခက�

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Baby steps to a democratic federal union Sai Wanna | 31 AUG 2020

Myanmar’s peace process has entered a crucial stage after the government and the 10 ethnic armed groups that have signed the Nationwide Ceasefire Agreement signed a deal expected to pave the way to a more equitable and peaceful country. On August 21, government and ethnic armed group negotiators signed the Union Accord Part III during the fourth round of the Union Peace Conference - 21st Century Panglong. The accord outlined federal principles on power-sharing between the union and the states, resource sharing, tax collection and revenue sharing, the rights and duties of citizens, equality among citizens, legal protections, and protection of ethnic cultures. These were among the most difficult issues at previous sessions of the Panglong conference. Kings governed the country from ancient times. Then the British colonised and ruled Burma with an iron fist from 1824 until independence in 1948. When the British left, Prime Minister U Nu governed under the so-called “Buddhist socialism” system, until the Tatmadaw (military) seized power in 1962 and ruled for the next 53 years.

Thirst for freedom and self-rule However, the Myanmar people have always longed for freedom and self-rule. The British and the military junta that succeeded them violently suppressed demands for independence and freedom but the Myanmar people’s desire and determination remained undimmed. The signing of the Union Accord Part III exemplifies this determination for self-government. “The outline of a federation has emerged,” said Naing Ma Ngay, a leader of the New Mon State party (NMSP), one of the groups participating in the negotiations. But he said there is a lot more to be done before the dream of a democratic federation can be realised. The Tatmadaw, which remains a powerful force in the government, remains wary of any sign of secession or independence from the union. Months before the fourth Panglong, negotiators agreed to include a provision in the accord that would allow ethnic groups to draft their own constitutions as long as they were in line with the 2008 Constitution. But a week before the talks, the Tatmadaw demanded that the word “state constitution” be replaced with “state law,” apparently to emphasise there is only one constitution in the country. U Salai Lian Mhone Sar Gaung, an expert in federalism, said there is no legal or political problem in including or excluding the word “constitution” in the provision. He cited the case of Germany, which uses “basic law” on the union level and “constitution” at the provincial level. He added that Switzerland has a different usage of the words. He said the problem will eventually be resolved in the talks.

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India’s model Due to its tradition of authoritarian rule, the Tatmadaw is not likely to concede to demands for self-determination by ethnic groups. Until 2010, the junta banned the word “federal” from all negotiations. In 2014, during the military-backed administration of U Thein Sein, the word was again allowed in official discussions, such as the preliminary talks on peace negotiations and the Nationwide Ceasefire Agreement. The Tatmadaw began looking for models of a federal system in the governments of India, Canada, Germany, Malaysia, Switzerland and the United States, a member of the Tatmadaw negotiating team, who preferred to remain unidentified, said. Tatmadaw Commander-in-Chief Senior General Min Aung Hlaing seemed to favour India’s centralised federalism. India’s provinces do not have separate constitutions, and the Indian Constitution defines the legislative, executive and judicial powers of the Union government and state governments. The official said that while the Tatmadaw allowed the states to write their own constitutions, it still leans toward the Indian model.

Ethnic people’s view Ethnic people want self-determination within the federal union, with as little interference as possible from the Union government, said Pado Saw Kwal Htoo Win, vice president of the Karen National Union (KNU). He argued that allowing the word “constitution” only at the union-level, and not on the state level, was a restriction on self-determination. “The word constitution is related to self-determination,” he said. “It is concerned with state sovereignty. If it just uses “state law,” it means we don’t get full self-determination.” According to ethnic people, the current geopolitical division gives ethnic Bamar an unfair advantage in both houses of the parliament. They said the country’s seven regions – Bago, Magwe, Tanintharyi, Mandalay, Yangon, Sagaing and Ayeyarwady – are dominated by the ethnic Bamar, who comprise 69 percent of the population. On the other hand, the country’s seven states – Mon, Kayah, Shan, Kayin, Kachin, Rakhine and Chin – are dominated by the major ethnic groups. U Than Soe Naing, a political analyst, said “Ethnic people want to be free from the central government’s control, but the Tatmadaw is worried that the country would shatter if they get their demand for full self-determination.”

The middle ground After the Tatmadaw seized power in 1962, ethnic armed groups sprouted up across the country to fight for independence. Most of the ethnic armed groups that have signed the

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NCA, which the military requires before they can join the national peace process, have shifted their goal to self-determination. In her speech at the fourth Panglong conference, State Counsellor Daw Aung San Suu Kyi said the peace process is weighed down by distrust caused by over 70 years of fighting. “It’s because of the worries of both sides,” she said. “You can clearly see the doubt and lack of trust.” She said that although the Union Accord Part III had failed to guarantee the self- determination of ethnic people, it was able to make progress toward a multi-party democracy and a federal system, with decentralisation of authority, budget and taxes. “The accord laid down the principles that the ethnic people have been wanting for many years but had never realised,” Daw Aung San Suu Kyi said. In her closing statement at the conference, she urged the negotiators to continue talking until there was more trust between them. “I urge our organisations to keep trying to find ways to move the peace process forward regardless of the problems we face after 2020,” she said. The journey to a democratic federation is long, the State Counsellor said. “The only requirement of the peace process is to keep discussing, despite the worries and doubts caused by our history.” - Translated https://www.mmtimes.com/news/baby-steps-democratic-federal-union.html ------

Villagers Demand Justice For Army’s Killing of Civilian By SENG PHOO - August 29, 2020 Photo by Kyautme Youth More than 10000 local people protested the Burma Army in Kyaukme northern on 10 July 2020

Residents of are demanding justice for the killing of a civilian shot dead by the Burma Army at the end of June when soldiers opened fire into a village in northern Shan State. A female civilian was also injured and soldiers beat another person several days before the killing, who required medical treatment for his injuries.

Following a demonstration by about ten-thousand civilians in the town of Kyaukme to protest the attacks on villagers, the North-Eastern Military Command and Kyaukme Township general administration officer opened an investigation on July 15 into the shooting death of Lone Hsu in the village of Pan Kyan, located in Hai Kwee village-tract.

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After the investigation, Brig-Gen Zaw Min Tun, secretary of the Tatmadaw True News Information Team, informed the RFA media outlet that a Tatmadaw soldier killed Lone Hsu during a battle with Restoration Council of Shan State/Shan State Army (RCSS/SSA).

Brig-Gen Zaw Min Tun, secretary of the Tatmadaw True News Information Team, informed the RFA media outlet that a Tatmadaw soldier killed Lone Hsu

Sai Htwe Harn, from Hai Kwee village, told SHAN it’s a lie that the villagers were killed during the fighting. “The civilian was not killed during the armed conflicts.”

“In my opinion, they are refusing to take full responsibility for it. Everyone knows he wasn’t killed in the middle of the clash. The Burma Army also knows this,” Sai Htwe Harn told SHAN.

Brig-Gen Zaw Min Tun said they would take action against the soldier who killed Lone Hsu except that he was killed during the fighting.

Sai Tun Win, a parliamentarian for Kyaukme Township, told SHAN that Brig-Gen Zaw Min Tun’s confession that one of their soldiers who killed a civilian is “baseless” without a transparent investigation. For example, the Army’s investigation team did not even speak to locals.

SHAN reached out to Brig-Gen Zaw Min Tun for comment, but he did not respond.

Villagers want Burma’s Human Rights Commission to launch its own investigation and to provide financial compensation for Lone Hsu’s family.

https://english.shannews.org/archives/21651 ------

Man shot dead and woman killed in artillery strike, three other women wounded, as COVID ravages Rakhine Monday, August 31, 2020 | Narinjara

Saung Zarchi — A woman and a man were killed in two separate incidents in Kyauktaw Township while three other women were seriously injured and have been rushed to hospital. Both incidents have occurred amidst a widespread outbreak of coronavirus in Rakhine State.

In the first incident, the body of 30-year-old Maung Naing Win, 30, was taken to Kyauktaw Township People's Hospital by police. There were multiple gunshot wounds to his body.

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Dr. Than Tun Oo, the Kyauktaw Township Hospital Superintendent, said that the body was brought to the hospital by the police on August 27 at 8.30 am, and confirmed that there were six gunshot wounds.

A statement from the Tatmadaw's Truth News information unit said that at around 1 am on August 27, security forces found two people signaling with light and had warned them to stop. The two men allegedly panicked, shots were fired and one man was hit while the other managed to escape.

General Zaw Min Tun, secretary of the Tatmadaw's Truth News told the media that a walkie- talkie and numerous AK bullets had been seized, and that the men were plotting to carry out terrorist activities.

Maung Naing Win's sister, Daw Than Wai, denied the allegations made by the military, saying her brother had no contact with any group and was working in a phone shop and caring for his elderly mother.

"My brother had left my home and was returning to my mother's house when he was arrested by the army on the street at 9 pm on August 27. He was killed that night," she said. “More than an hour after the shooting, I heard three or four more gunshots. The soldiers wrapped my brother in a tarpaulin and took him to the hospital in the early hours of the morning. We only found out about my brother's death the next morning. The body was found at the hospital,” Daw Than Wai said.

In a separate incident also in Kyauktaw Township, a shell exploded in Apaukwa village killing a woman farmer and injuring three other women.

The dead woman has been identified as Daw Buma (aka Ma Moe Moe ), aged 40 and from Chaung Phya Ward in Apaukwa village. The injured are Daw Aye Thein Kyaw, 32; Daw Ma Kyaw Sein, 30 and Daw Mae Kyi, 56, according to a village elder.

The shelling took place in Apaukwa village on August 27 at around 10:30 am. Hla Sein Maung, the brother of the deceased woman, told Narinjara that the soldiers had fired the shells.

“In the morning the soldiers fired three artillery shells while they were out planting paddy. It was dangerous so they laid down and hid in the field. After the shelling stopped, they returned to the village. There was no battle or fighting, but they still fired. As they ran back to the village, as soon as they reached the train station, an artillery shell fell on their group. It was the army that fired,” he said.

The four injured women were taken to Kyauktaw Hospital, but Daw Bu Ma died at 2:45 pm on August 27 at Kyauktaw Hospital. Her body was taken to the village from the hospital at 5 pm.

People are particularly worried about the possibility of more fighting as a result of these deaths, in addition to fears over the spread of COVID-19. Nearly 300 civilians have been killed and more than 600 injured in clashes in Rakhine State to date. Page 6 of 30 https://www.bnionline.net/en/news/man-shot-dead-and-woman-killed-artillery-strike- three-other-women-wounded-covid-ravages-rakhine ------

Myanmar’s Military Blamed for Two Rakhine Civilian Deaths By Min Aung Khine | 31 August 2020 Kyauktaw Township Hospital. / Min Aung Khine / The Irrawaddy

Sittwe, Rakhine State — Two civilians in Rakhine State’s Kyauktaw Township were allegedly shot dead by Myanmar’s military last week as the state experiences a COVID-19 surge.

A 30-year-old man from Shan Ywa village on the outskirts of Kyauktaw and a 36-year-old woman from Apaukwa village were killed by troops, according to their families.

Ko Maung Naing Win went out to relieve himself at around 10 pm on Aug. 26, said his sister Daw Ma Hla Mya.

“We live on the outskirts of the town and have no toilet. As my brother went out to relieve himself, he encountered soldiers who shot him dead. Then they sent his body to the police station, saying that they killed an AA [Arakan Army] member,” Daw Ma Hla Mya told The Irrawaddy.

Ko Maung Naing Win’s body was covered in bruises besides gunshot wounds, said his relatives.

The military’s Tatmadaw True News Information Team said troops on patrol saw suspicious signaling with flashlights at around 1.35 am on Aug. 27 on the Kyauktaw-Wakin road. Two people ran away when troops told them to come for interrogation.

The troops fired warning shots. One escaped but the other died with a Quansheng walkie- talkie and an unlicensed Smash-125 motorbike. The body was taken to a police station, said the information team.

“All the people in our ward know my brother opened a mobile phone shop and was supporting our elderly mother. He had no motorbike. That day soldiers came into our house and drank water. They looked for rice. They asked my husband how many children we had. And they took the motorbike from our neighbors,” she told The Irrawaddy.

On Aug. 27, a woman was killed and two others, aged 33 and 37, were wounded seriously when an artillery shell fell on the farm where they were working in Apaukwa village by the Yangon-Sittwe road at around 10 km from Kyauktaw.

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“My sister and four other women were working on a farm to the west of the village at around 10 am on Aug. 27. We heard that troops at Yahtar railway station fired shots at someone from U Sun Taung village. They missed the target because he was riding a motorbike. Then my sister and her friends came out of the field thinking that the shooting was over. She was hit by shrapnel,” said U Hla Maung Sein, brother of the victim, Daw Bu Ma.

The military-appointed Rakhine State minister for security and border affairs, Colonel Min Than, said there were no clashes near Apaukwa on Aug. 27.

“Perhaps the three women were hit by artillery shells. It is unknown which side fired the shells,” he told The Irrawaddy.

Two others are receiving treatment at Kyauktaw Township Hospital and the funeral of Daw Bu Ma was held on Friday.

Myanmar’s military has extended its unilateral ceasefire but not in Rakhine State, while it has seen the largest outbreak of COVID-19 in Myanmar.

In its Aug. 24 statement about the extension of the ceasefire, the military said its ceasefire will not take effect where armed groups are designated by the government as terrorist organizations. Rakhine State and Chin State’s Paletwa Township – where the AA is active – is therefore exempt from the ceasefire.

As the government has declared the AA a terrorist organization, The Irrawaddy was not able to contact the armed group for a comment.

Translated from Burmese by Thet Ko Ko.

https://www.irrawaddy.com/news/burma/myanmars-military-blamed-two-rakhine-civilian- deaths.html ------

Locals Object to Confiscation of Their Land to Build Hydropower Plant Housing

By Sai Yord Kham - August 31, 2020 Photo Credit to SHRF: Upper Keng Taung hydropower plant construction

Locals have opposed a move by a construction company to seize more than 250 acres of land in southern Shan State’s Mongnai Township to build housing for staff of a hydropower plant.

The land is used for farming and is located in Kunglong village tract in sub-

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Villagers from the area sent a letter outlining their opposition to the district and township offices in mid-July, and fear that the plan will go ahead anyway.

Lung Ti, who lives in Wan Kert village in , said that villagers were put under pressure by the construction company to accept the project.

“The company [officials] showed us a map and urged us to sign it. We didn’t agree to it,” Lung Ti said.

According to Myanmar’s Electric Power Cooperation (EPC) website, the Keng Tawng hydropower plant was built in 2012 and generates around 60 megawatts of electricity, which is distributed in some townships in southern Shan state, to the eastern military command headquarters in and the central-eastern military command headquarters in Kholam.

Keng Taung hydropower plant

“This farmland is not far from the Keng Tawng hydropower plant; it is located around the village,” Mongnai parliamentarian Sai Myo Myint, also known as Lung Kung Hseng Mueng, told SHAN. “The villagers disagree with it. They have opposed it. We are helping the villagers.”

According to villager Lung Ti, the construction company said that the government had already given them permission to build the housing for the staff of the hydropower plant, and that they had already surveyed the land.

“They said that they measured the land in 2012. We did not know anything about it. They did not inform us when they come to measure the land,” he told SHAN.

Lung Ti added that he is concerned that the villagers are opposing powerful actors.

“We cannot win in this case because they have come with the government and army,” he said.

Sai Khur Hseng of the Shan Sapawa environmental organization also spoke out against the land seizure and urged locals to stand against it.

“All villagers must oppose it. The respective authorities must take note of this and need to protect [the land]. If they seize the land, local people will lose their farmland. They will suffer a lot,” he told SHAN.

Another controversial project in the area, the Upper Keng Tawng hydropower dam on the Nam Teng River, a tributary of the Salween, has been strongly objected to by locals and

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Shan civil society for its potential to displace thousands and fuel conflict in the area. It is located 14 miles from Keng Tawng town and is expected to be completed in 2021.

https://english.shannews.org/archives/21658 ------

8.8 kg of heroin seized in Myanmar's central region Source: Xinhua| 2020-08-30 |Editor: huaxia

YANGON, Aug. 30 (Xinhua) -- Myanmar authorities seized 8.8 kilograms of heroin in Mandalay region, according to a release from the Central Committee for Drug Abuse Control (CCDAC) on Sunday.

Acting on a tip-off, the joint police force made a seizure in Pyin Oo Lwin township on Friday.

Heroin worth 616 million kyats (456,296 U.S. dollars) were confiscated from a trailer truck.

The township police filed a case against 11 suspects in connection with the case and further investigation is underway under the country's Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances Law, the release said.

According to a latest release issued by the President's Office, a total of 1,298 drug-related cases were registered across Myanmar while 1,991 people were charged in connection with the cases as of August 22 this year, since the formation of the Drug Activity Special Complaint Department on June 26, 2018. Enditem

http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/2020-08/30/c_139329231.htm ------

Myanmar blocks website of rights group critical of Tatmadaw Thompson ChauJohn Liu | 31 AUG 2020

Myanmar’s government has blocked the website of a group of activists investigating the military’s corporate network who recently exposed that directors of a major Tatmadaw- owned conglomerate also held top official posts.

The group calling itself Justice for Myanmar told The Myanmar Times that its website had been blocked but that the government had not explained why.

Daw Aung San Suu Kyi’s government has ordered telecoms companies to block more than 200 websites in recent months, using section 77 of the Telecommunications Law which allows action to be taken to stop the spreading of fake news.

Civil society groups have accused the government of “taking advantage” of the COVID-19 pandemic to “censor legitimate information and curtail freedom of expression”. With official

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campaigning for the November 8 general elections starting next week, rights groups say the government is stifling dissent and preventing civil society from scrutinising the run-up.

“This incident [removal of Justice for Myanmar website] follows the April 2020 blocking of the websites of ethnic media organisations and suggests a worrying trend - especially a week before the start of the elections campaign, when democratic oversight by civil society organisations and media is critical,” said Ma Htaike Htaike Aung, head of the Myanmar ICT for Development Organisation.

The crackdown, together with a year-long internet shutdown in the restive states of Rakhine and Chin and arrests of journalists, have been strongly criticised by local media networks, rights groups, community organisations and more than a dozen ambassadors.

Justice for Myanmar revealed in May that two directors of military-owned Myanmar Economic Holdings Public Company Limited (MEHL) also served in top government posts. The expose led to both directors resigning from the MEHL board after the attorney general said their dual roles in the company and the government constituted an illegal conflict of interest.

More recently, the organisation published damaging allegations against a medical business said to be owned by the family of Tatmadaw Senior General Min Aung Hlaing. A military spokesman did not answer calls seeking comment about the accusations.

Justice for Myanmar told The Myanmar Times that if the closure of the website was officially confirmed then “this would be yet another attempt by the Myanmar government to silence dissent and cover up the truth about the Myanmar military cartel’s corruption and international crimes.”

“We will continue speaking truth to power,” the anonymous group said, calling for the unblocking of all media and civil society websites.

Norwegian-owned Telenor, one of the main telecoms providers in Myanmar, said the Posts and Telecommunications Department (PTD), under the Ministry of Transport and Communications, ordered on August 27 all mobile operators and internet service providers to block a named website and three associated IP addresses. Telenor did not identify the website but said it had complied “under protest” and “with grave concern”.

The directive is based on section 77 of the Telecommunications law, and cites the website circulating fake news and rumors as reason for the blocking, Telenor said on August 29.

There was no immediate statement from the ministry. Other service providers had no immediate comment, with Ooredoo citing the confidentiality of the directive.

Responding to a phone call from this newspaper, an unnamed official at the ministry acknowledged the directive but said no comments could be given because it was confidential. He added that the order “comes from higher up”.

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Attempts to call up the website are redirected to a landing page saying: “You have tried to access a web page which has been blocked per directive received from the Ministry of Transport and Communications of Myanmar.”

Telenor said it was legally bound not to name the website and “to keep any further details about the directive confidential.” But it criticised the directive as “incompatible with international human rights law.”

“Telenor Myanmar maintains that its business is to provide a telecommunications channel and that we do not, and should not, select or alter the content of communications in our channel.”

The operator said it had repeatedly protested the blocking to the authorities.

“Our position is that freedom of expression and the right of access to information should be respected. We will continue our efforts to lift the blocking and encourage the government of Myanmar to increase transparency for the public,” it stated.

James Rodehaver of the UN Human Rights Office said restrictions on free expression and free access to information were “rarely justifiable, particularly in a democratic state and especially when the restrictions being put in place are restrictions of advocacy for better protection of human rights.”

Mr Rodehaver, a senior human rights officer based in Bangkok, said Myanmar needed to justify why such restrictions were necessary and to show that restrictions are proportionate.

“Actions such as the ordering of a complete, open-ended shutdown of websites would not seem to be a proportionate response,” he said, calling for “urgent” reform of section 77 of the Telecommunications law.

https://www.mmtimes.com/news/myanmar-blocks-website-rights-group-critical- tatmadaw.html ------

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စ��င��ဝဏ� | 30 August 2020

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���င�ငံ�ရ� ပ�တ�၊���င�ငံတက�သံတမန�မ�����င��လည�� �ပည�တ�င���င�မ��ခ�မ���ရ�၊ ���င�ငံ�ရ�အ��ခအ�န၊ �ရ���က�က�ပ��က�င��ပ�ရ�က�စ� ��င�� �ဒသဖ�ံ��ဖ ����ရ�က�စ�မ���က��လည�� �တ��ဆ�ံ�ဆ������ခ��သည�။

ဗ��လ�ခ��ပ��က��ယ�က�စစ�သည� �ပည� �ထ�င�စ��င�မ��ခ�မ���ရ�ည�လ�ခံ (၂၁) ရ�စ� ပင�လ�ံစတ�တ�အစည��အ�ဝ� အဖ�င��မ�န�� ခ�န��က�� ရ�မ��ဘ�သ�စက���ဖင����ပ��က��လ���သ��လည�� အစ���ရကခ�င��မ�ပ�ခ��၍ ဗမ�ဘ�သ�စက���ဖင��သ���ပ��က��ခ�င��ရခ��သည�။ သ����သ��လည�� �န�ပည��တ��ခရ��စ��က ယ�ံ�ကည�မ�တည��ဆ�က� �ရ�က�� �က��မ��စ��အ�ထ�က�အပံ��ဖစ� �စခ����က�င��(RCSS)ဥက�ဌ၏ ခရ�� စ��အ�ပ�� ထ�တ��ပန�ခ�က�တ�င� �ဖ���ပခ�� သည�။

ည�လ�ခံတ�င� �ပည��ထ�င�စ�သ�ဘ� တ�စ�ခ��ပ�အစ�တ�အပ��င�� (၃)က�� သ�ဘ� တ�ည�ခ�က� ၂ဝ ��င�� ၂ဝ၂ဝ အလ�န� အဆင��လ��က� လ�ပ�ငန��စ��ဇယ��တစ�ခ� တ���က�� သ�ဘ�တ�ည�ခ���ပ�� �သဂ�တ� ၂၆ ရက�တ�င� က�င��ပသည�� �ပည��ထ�င�စ� လ�တ��တ��အစည��အ�ဝ�က အတည� �ပ����င�ခ��သည�။ ယင��အတ�က�လည�� ဂ�ဏ� ယ�မ�သည�ဟ�(RCSS)က ဆ��သည�။

https://myanmar.mmtimes.com/news/143048.html

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၂၁ ရ�စ�ပင�လ�ံ စတ�တ�က �ပ��ခ��တ�� ည�လ�ခံ�တ� ထက� ပ��ထ���ခ��တယ�

By နန��ဆ��င�ဖ�� - August 31, 2020

�သဂ�တ�လ ၁၉ ရက�မ� ၂၁ ရက��န�အထ� �န�ပည��တ�� MICC II မ��က�င��ပတ�� �ပည��ထ�င�စ��င�မ��ခ� မ���ရ�ည�လ�ခံ �ခ� ၂၁ ရ�စ� ပင�လ�ံ စတ�တ�အစည��အ�ဝ�က�င��ပခ��ပ�တယ�။ က��ဗစ�- ၁၉ ကပ� �ရ� ဂ��က�� အစည��အ�ဝ��က���ပ�လ�ပ�ခ���ပ�� �ပည��ထ�င�စ�သ�ဘ�တ�ည�ခ�က�အစ�တ�အပ��င�� ၃ က�� လက�မ�တ� �ရ�ထ������င�ခ���ကပ�တယ�။ အခ�လ�� အစည��အ�ဝ�က�င��ပ���င�ဖ���၊ သ�ဘ�တ�ည�ခ�က��တ�ရဖ��� ဘယ�လ���ပင�ဆင�ခ���ကရသလ�ဆ��တ�က�� NCA-S EAO , UPDJC အဖ����ခ�င���ဆ�င� ဗ��လ�မ���က�� စ��င��ငင�� က�� သ�မ��သံ�တ��ဆင��က နန��ဆ��င�ဖ��က�န �မ��မန��ထ��ပ�တယ�။

�မ� – အခ��န�က�လ အတန��က�ရပ�န��ထ��ရတ�� �ပည��ထ�င�စ� �င�မ��ခ�မ���ရ� ည�လ�ခံ ၂၁ ရ�စ� ပင�လ�ံ စတ�တ�အစည��အ�ဝ� က�င��ပ���င�ခ��ပ�ံက��ရ�င���ပ�ပ�ပ�ရ�င��။

��ဖ – �ပ��ခ��တ�� တတ�ယအ�က�မ� ည�လ�ခံ ၂၀၁၈ က�င��ပခ��တယ�။ အ���န�က�ပ��င�� ည�လ�ခံက�� က�င�� ပ���င�ခ���ခင�� မရ��ပ�ဘ��။ ပ�ံမ�န�ဆ�� ဒ�ည�လ�ခံဟ� ၆ လ တစ��က�မ�က�င��ပရမယ�။ အ��က�င����က�င�� ��က�င�� က��န�� တ��� မ�ဆ�င�ရ�က����င�ခ��ဘ��။ ဘ�ပ���ပ���ပ� ဒ�တစ���စ��က��� က�လအတ�င��မ�� တရ��ဝင� အစည��အ�ဝ� �တ� က��န��တ��� မလ�ပ����င�ခ���ပမယ��လည�� အလ�တ��သ ဘ� အစည��အ�ဝ��တ� �က�မ�ဖန�မ���စ�� လ�ပ����င�ခ��တယ�။ တစ�ဆ����နတ�� က�စ� ဘယ�လ�� �က���လ���မလ� ဘယ�လ�� ည����င���ကမလ�။ ဒ��င�မ��ခ�မ���ရ� လ�ပ�ငန��စ�� �ရ��ဆက�သ������င��ရ� ဘယ�လ�� လ�ပ��ကမလ�ဆ��တ� က��န��တ��� အ�က�မ��က�မ� အခ�ခ� ့ �ဆ������ည����င��ခ��တယ�။

အ��လ�� လ�ပ��နရင��န�� �န�က�ဆ�ံ�က��တ�� ဒ���စ�ရ�� ��စ�ဦ�ပ��င�� တစ�လပ��င��ထ�မ�� ၈ �က�မ���မ�က� JICM အစည��အ�ဝ� �ခ�ယ�က�င��ပတယ�။ အ�� JICM အစည��အ�ဝ�က�န�ပ���တ�� ဆ�ံ��ဖတ�ခ�က� ၈ ခ�က� ခ�မ�တ�ခ��တယ�။

Page 13 of 30

�ခ�ံ�ပ����ပ�ရမယ�ဆ��ရင� အ�� JICM ရ�� ဆ�ံ��ဖတ�ခ�က� အဓ�က က က��န�� န��လည�သ�လ�က� အခ�က� (၃) ခ�က�ပ�တယ�။ (၁) ခ�က�က ပင�လ�ံ ည�လ�ခံ စတ�တ�အစည��အ�ဝ�က�� ပထမ �လ� လပတ�အ တ�င��မ�� က�င��ပဖ��� အခ�က� တစ�ခ�က�ပ�တယ�။ (၂) အခ�က�က�တ�� ပင�လ�ံ ည�လ�ခံ မ�� ခ��ပ�ဆ��မယ�� �ပည��ထ�င�စ� သ�ဘ�တ� စ�ခ��ပ� အစ�တ�အပ��င�� (၃) က�စ�က��လည�� ရ�အ�င� �ဆ�������ကရ�အ�င� စ�ခ��ပ�မ�� ပ�တ��အ��က�င��အရ� အ��တစ�ခ�က�ပ�တယ�။

�န�က�တစ�ခ�က�က NCA လက�မ�တ�မ�ရ�ထ���ထ���သ�တ�� ည��န�င� တ��င��ရင��သ�� လက�နက�က��င� �တ��လ�န��ရ� �တ�က�� �င�မ��ခ�မ���ရ� လ�ပ�ငန��စ��မ�� ပ��မ��ပ�ဝင�လ��ရ� က�စ� က�� ဝ��င��လ�ပ��ကရ�အ�င� ဆ��တ�� အဓ�က အခ�က� (၃) ခ�က�က�� က��န��တ���ိ� ခ�မ�တ��ပ�ခ��တယ�။

NCA လက�မ�တ��ရ�ထ���ထ��တ�� EAO ၁၀ ဖ���ကလည�� ည����င���ရ� အဖ���ဆ���ပ���တ�� ဖ���စည���ပ�ထ�� တယ�။ အ��အဖ���မ�� က��န��တ���က���တ�� ည����င���ရ� အဖ����ခ�င���ဆ�င� ဆ���ပ���တ�� တ�ဝန��ပ� အပ�တ� �ပ���န��။ JICM ရ�� အစည��အ�ဝ� ဆ�ံ��ဖတ�ခ�က�က�� ဘယ�လ�� အ�က�င�အထည��ဖ���ကမလ�ဆ��တ�� ဟ� မ�����လ။ တရ��ဝင��တ� အလ�တ��တ� လည�� �ဆ������ခ���ကတယ�။

ကမ ��လ�ံ�ဆ��င�ရ� ကပ��ရ�ဂ� Covid-19 က ဝင�လ��တ�� အ��မ��တင� �ဆ������မ� အရ��န�အဝ� ရပ�တန��သ���တ��ပ��။

အ��ဒ���က�င�� ပထမ�တ�� ဧ�ပ� �န�က�ဆ�ံ�ပတ� ဒ�မ�မဟ�တ� �မလဆန��ပ��င���လ�က�မ�လ�� ပင�လ�ံ ည�လ�ခံ�က�� က�င��ပဖ��� ရည�မ�န��ခ�က�ရ��ထ��တ�က�� ��ပ�ခ��တ�� အ��က�င����က�င���တ���က�င�� က�င��ပ���င�ခ���ခင�� မရ��ခ��ပ�ဘ��။

ဘ�ပ���ပ���ပ� ကပ��ရ�ဂ� က�လမ�� လ�ခ�င���တ���ပ�� မ�ဆ���������င�တ�� အခင��က�င��မရ���တ�င�မ� အ�န�လ��င�� Video Conferencing န�� ည��ခ���ကတယ�။

၃ ရက�သ� က�င��ပတ�� စတ�တ�အစည��အ�ဝ� ည�လ�ခံ က��န��တ��� တင��ပ���င�ခ��တယ�။ �ပည��ထ�င�စ� သ�ဘ�တ�ည�ခ�က� အစ�တ�အပ��င��(၃) အ�ဖစ� သ�ဘ�တ� လက�မ�တ��ရ�ထ����ပ��မ� အ��လ�ံ� လက�ခံ���င�တ�� အခင��က�င��က�� ဖန�တ�����င�ခ��တယ�။ တစ���စ��က��� အခ��န�ယ�ရတယ�။ အခက�ခ� �ပ�င�� မ���စ�� �က��� �ဖတ����င�ခ��တယ�။

EAO ဘက�ကလည�� ၁၀ ဖ���ရ��တယ�။ အ�� ၁၀ ဖ���က�� စ�စ�စည��စည��န�� အခ�င��ခ�င���က��ထ�မ��လည�� ည��ရတယ�။ အစ���ရဘက�ကလည�� �တ���တ��ည����င��ယ�ခ��ရတယ�။ �န�က�ဆ�ံ��တ�� ဒ�က�စ�ဟ� အ��လ�ံ� န�� သက�ဆ��င�တယ� NCA ဆ��တ� အ��လ�ံ�ရ�� ပ��တ��ပ��င�ရ�င��ဖစ�တယ�။ NCA �ဖ��တ���နရ�မ�� က��န��တ��� ဝ��င��လ�ပ�ဖ��� လ��တယ�။ တ�ဝန�ယ�မ� တ�ဝန�ခံမ� ရ��ရမယ�။ ဆ��တ�� အသ�စ�တ�န��ပ� အခ�င��ခ�င���က��မ�� အ�ပ� အယ��တ� လ�ပ����င�ခ��တယ�။ လ�ပ����င�ခ��လ��� ခ� �ပည�သ�လ�ထ�ရ�� �ရ���မ��က� ၂၁ ပင�လ�ံ စတ�တ� အစည�� အ�ဝ� ရလဒ��ဖစ�တ�� �ပည��ထ�င�စ� သ�ဘ�တ� စ�ခ��ပ� အစ�တ�အပ��င�� (၃) က�� က��န��တ��� ရရ��ခ��တ� �ဖစ�ပ�တယ�။

�မ� – ၂၁ ရ�စ� ပင�လ�ံည�လ�ခံ စတ�တ��က�မ���မ�က�မ�� ရလဒ��က�င���တ� ရခ��တယ� ဆ��တ�က�က� ဘ�ရလဒ� �က�င���တ� ရခ��ပ�သလ�။

��ဖ – �ပ��ခ��တ�� �ပည��ထ�င�စ� သ�ဘ�တ�စ�ခ��ပ� အပ��င�� (၁ ) န�� (၂) န���တ�� မက��ဘ��။ ဒ�တစ��ခ�က� အစ�တ�အပ��င�� (၃) က တကယ��က�� ထ��ထ���ခ���ခ���ဖစ�တယ�။ ဒ�စ�ခ��ပ�က �ပ��ခ��တ��စ�ခ��ပ�န��မတ� တ� �တ�� �သခ��တယ�။

ပထမအပ��င��က NCA အ�က�င�အထည��ဖ��မ�ဆ��င�ရ� မ��ဘ�င� သ�ဘ�တ�ည�ခ�က�လ�����ပ�တယ�။ အ��မ�� အခ�က� (၁၅) ခ�က�ပ�တယ�။

ပထမပ��င��မ���တ�� လ�မယ�� ၂၀၂၀ အလ�န�မ�� အဆင�� (၃) ဆင�� န�� ���င�ငံ�ရ� �ဆ������ပ���တ� လ�ပ�မယ�။

Page 14 of 30

���င�ငံ�ရ� ဆ��င�ရ� က�စ��တ� �ဆ������မယ�။ တစ�ဖက�ကလည�� လ�ံ�ခ�ံ�ရ� ဆ��င�ရ� က�စ� ဟန�ခ�က� ည�ည� �ဆ�င�ရ�က�ဖ��� ဆ��တ� ပ�တယ�။

�န�က�တစ�ခ�က�က အ�က�င�အထည��ဖ�� �ဆ�င�ရ�က�တ���နရ�မ�� လမ���ပ��မပ�ံပ�တ�� အဆင�� (၇) ဆင��တ��င�� အ��တ��င�� ဆက�သ���ဖ��� လ��တယ�ဆ��တ�� အ�နအထ��။ ��ပ�ရမယ�ဆ��ရင� လ�ပ�ရမယ�� လ�ပ�ငန��စ��က�� အခ�င��ခ�င���က��မ�� သ�ဘ�တ�ည�ခ�က� ရခ��တယ�။

NCA က�� ဘယ�လ�� အ�က�င�အထည��ဖ��မလ� တ�တ�က�က�က�� က��န��တ��� သ�ဘ�တ�ည� ရ���င�ခ��တယ�။ ဒ�က သ�ပ��က�င��တ��အခ�က��ဖစ�ပ�တယ�။

ဒ�တ�ယပ��င�� က�တ�� ၂၀၂၀ အလ�န�မ�� က��န��တ��� အဆင��လ��က� လ�ပ�ငန��စ�� န�� အဆင��လ��က� အ�က�င�အထည��ဖ�� မ�မ���လ��� ��ပ�တ�က�� အ��က�စ� န�� လ�မယ�� ၂၀၂၀ အလ�န�မ�� အဆင�� (၃) ဆင�� သ���ဖ���ရ��တယ�။ ဥပမ� ���င�ငံ�ရ�ပ��င��က��တ�� ပထမအဆင��မ�� ဘယ�က�စ��ဆ������မလ�။ ဒ�တ�ယ အဆင��မ�� ဘယ�လ�� အ�နအထ��လ� တတ�ယအဆင��မ�� ဘယ�လ�� လ�ပ�မလ� ဆ��တ��ဟ� ခ�န��ပ�သလ�� �ဆ������ခ�က��တ�ရ��မယ�။

�ဆ������တ��အပ��င��မ�� အ�က�င�အထည��ဖ��တ��ပ��င��က�� ဆက�သ���ဖ���ရ��တယ�။

ဒ� ���င�ငံ�ရ�အပ��င�� တစ�ဖက�ကလည�� လ�ံ�ခ�ံ�ရ�အပ��င��ကလည�� အ��လ��ပ� ပထမအဆင��မ�� ���င�ငံ�ရ�အပ��င�� သ�ဘ�တ�တယ�ဆ��ရင� လ�ံ�ခ�ံ�ရ� က�စ�မ��လည�� ဒ�က�စ�က�� က��န�� တ��� �ဆ�������ကမယ�။

�န�က�ဆ�ံ�အဆင�� ���င�ငံ�ရ�မ��လည�� ဖက�ဒရယ� ဒ�မ��က�ရစ�ခ��င�မ�လ��အ�င� ဘယ�လ�� လ�ပ��ကမလ�။

လ�ံ�ခ�ံ�ရ� ဘက�မ��လည�� ဘယ�လ�� အ�က�င�အထည��ဖ���ကမလ� လ�ံ�ခ�ံ�ရ� က�စ�မ�� ဘယ�လ�� �ပ�င��စည���ကမလ� ဆ��တ��ဟ�မ����က�� �သ�သခ��ခ�� အဆင��လ��က� သ�ဘ�တ�ည����င�ခ��တ� �ဖစ�ပ�တယ�။

�ခ�င��စ���က�� (၈) ခ� ရ��ပ�လ�မ��မယ�။ အ���ခ�င��စ���က�� (၈) ခ� ရ�� �အ�က�မ���တ�� �ခ�င��စ��ခ���လ��တ� ရ��တယ�။၂ ဖက�စလ�ံ� သ��အဆ�� �ပ�ခ�က� က��ယ�� အဆ���ပ�ခ�က� �တ��ရ��တယ�။

ဒ�မယ�� ဒ��ပည��ထ�င�စ� သ�ဘ�တ� စ�ခ��ပ�မ�� က��န��တ��� ထည��သ�င�� ခ��ပ�ဆ�����င�ခ���ခင�� မရ��ဘ��။ တစ�ခ�����ခ�င��စ���တ�က ထပ�ည��ဖ���ရ��တယ�။

လ�မယ�� ၂၀၂၀ အလ�န� ဒ�က�စ�က�� ထပ�ည��ဖ��� ရ��တယ�။ �ခ�င��စ���က�� ၈ ခ��တ�� ရထ���ပ���ပ�။ အ��ဒ� က��န��တ��� ထပ�ည��ဖ��� ရ���သ�တယ�။ ဆ��လ��တ�� သ�ဘ�က လမ��ပ�င��သ����ပ��ပ��။

၂၀၂၀ အလ�န�မ�� ဒ�အဆင��လ��က� (၃) ဆင�� န��သ���မယ�။ ဒ�လ�� ယ� �ရ���တ�န�� သ���မယ�ဆ��တ��ဟ� ဒ� ဒ�တ�ယပ��င�� စ�ခ��ပ� ရ�� ဒ�တ�ယပ��င�� အပ��င��(ခ)မ�� ပ�တ�� က�စ� အကယ�လ��� ၂၀၂၀ အလ�န�မ�� ဘယ�အစ���ရ ပ� တက�တက� ခ�ထ��တ�� frame �လ� �ခ�င��စ���အ�က�က�န ဒ�တ��င��ပ� ဆက�သ���ဖ��� သ�ဘ� တ�ည� ခ�က�ရခ��တယ�။

အနည��အက���� ��ပ�င��လ�မ��တ�� ရ��မ��ပ�။ ခ�န��ပ�သလ�� �က�������က��က�� ��ပ�င��လ�လ���မရ���င��အ�င� က��န��တ��� �ဆ�င�ရ�က�ထ��တ� �ဖစ�ပ�တယ�။

�န�က�စ�ခ��ပ� ရ�� တတ�ယပ��င�� က��တ�� ဖက�ဒရယ� အ��ခခံမ� ဒ�စ�ခ��ပ�မ���တ�� အခ�က� (၅) ခ�က��တ�� ရရ��ခ��ပ�တယ�။

အ�� (၅) ခ�က�ထ�မ�� အဓ�က အခ�က�က (၃) ခ�က�ပ�မယ�ထင�တယ� (၁) ခ�က�က တ��င���ပည�က�� ဒ�မ��က�ရစ� စနစ� န�� ဖက�ဒရယ� စနစ� အ��ခခံသည�� ဖက�ဒရယ� �ပည��ထ�င�စ� စနစ�က�� တည��ဆ�က�မယ� ကတ�ကဝတ��ပ���န��။

Page 15 of 30

�န�က�တစ�ခ�က�က တ��င���ဒသ�က�� န�� �ပည�နယ��တ�က တန��တ�ည�မ�ရ��တယ�။ အခ�င��ခ�င�� �လ�စ��မ� ၊ တန��တ�တ�� က�စ�က�� ရခ��တယ�။

�န�က�တစ�ခ�က�က�တ�� အ�ဏ� ခ���ဝတ��အပ��င�� ဖက�ဒရယ� စနစ�န��အည� ခ�န��ပ�သလ�� ���င�ငံ�ရ� အ�ဏ� ဘ��ရ� န�� ပတ�သက�တ��ဟ� သယံဇ�တန�� ပတ�သက�တ��ဟ� အခ�န��က�က�န�� ပတ�သက�တ�� က�စ� ခ���ဝ�ကမယ� ဖက�ဒရယ� စနစ�အရ �ပည��ထ�င�စ� အစ���ရ ဘ�ယ�သင��သလ� �ပည�နယ� ဘ�ရသင��သလ� အ��လ�� မ���� က�စ��တ� က��န��တ��� ရရ�����င�ခ��ပ�တယ�။

ဒ�ခ��ပ��ပ����ပ�ရတ�� အ�နအထ��က�တ�� �ပည��ထ�င�စ� သ�ဘ�တ� စ�ခ��ပ� အစ�တ�အပ��င�� (၃)က ခ�န က��န����ပ�တ�� အခ�က��တ� ပ�ပ�တယ�။ �ပ��ခ��တ�� စ�ခ��ပ� န�� က��တယ�။

အ��လ�ံ�အတ�က� လ��က�ပ����င�တ�� အခင��က�င���တ�� ဒ�စ�ခ��ပ�က လမ��ဖ�င��ထ��တယ�။ ၂၀၂၀ အလ�န�မ�� ဆက�လက��ပ���တ�� �င�မ��ခ�မ���ရ� လ�ပ�ငန��စ�� ဆက��ဆ�င�ရ�က�မယ�။ ခ�နက��ပ�တ�� ���င�ငံ�ရ� က�စ� �တ� လ�ံ�ခ�ံ�ရ� က�စ��တ� တ�ခ�� က�စ��တ� ဝ��င���ပ���တ�� က��န��တ��� ဆက�လက��ဆ������မယ� အဆင���ပ�အ�င� အ�က�င�အထည� �ဖ��တ��အပ��င�� ဝ��င��လ�ပ��ကမယ�။

�မ� – �ပ��ခ��တ�� တတ�ယ ည�လ�ခံက သ�ပ��ပ��မထ���ခ��ဘ��လ��� ဆ��လ��ပ�သလ��။ ဒ�စတ�တ��က�မ���မ�က�မ� ထ���ခ��တယ�လ��� ဆ��လ��ခ�င�ပ�သလ��။

��ဖ – အ��လ�� လည��မဟ�တ�ဘ��။ ပထမ အ�က�မ�တ�န��က ဘ�သ�ဘ�တ�ည�ခ�က� မ� မရရ��ခ��ဘ��။ အဖ���အစည��အ��လ�ံ�ရ�� အ�မင� ရပ�တည�ခ�က��တ�က�� ပ�င��ပ�င��လင��လင�� လ�တင��ပတ��အပ��င��ပ�ရ��တယ�။ အ��တင��ပ �ဆ������ခ�က��တ�က မ�တ�တမ���တ�ပ� ထ��ခ��တယ�။ ဒ�တ�ယအ�က�မ�မ� ရ��တယ�။

ပင�လ�ံ ရ�� ရလဒ�က �ပည��ထ�င�စ� သ�ဘ�တ�ည�ခ�က� အစ�တ�အပ��င�� (၁) ဆ��တ�ရတယ�။

တတ�ယအ�က�မ� က��တ�� သ��ရ�� ရလဒ� က �ပည��ထ�င�စ� သ�ဘ�တ�ည�ခ�က� အစ�တ�အပ��င�� (၂) ဆ��တ� ရတယ�။

ဒ� စတ�တ�အ�က�မ�က��တ�� အစ�တ�အပ��င�� (၃) ဆ��တ�� အ�နအထ�� �ဖစ�တ��ပ��။

ခ�န��ပ�တ�� အဆင�� (၃) ဆင�� ၂၀၂၀ အလ�န� အဆင��လ��က� လ�ပ�ငန��စ�� အ�က�င�အထည��ဖ��မ�မ��� ���င�ငံ�ရ� န�� လ�ံ�ခ�ံ�ရ� က�စ� ဟန�ခ�က�ည��အ�င� သဟဇ�တ�ဖစ��အ�င� ဘယ�လ�� လ�ပ��ကမလ�။ တ�ခ�� က�စ��တ� အမ����က��ရ��တယ�။

အ��ဒ��တ� �တ���တ��က�� အ�ရ�ပ�တယ�။ �န�က�တစ�ခ�က အ��လ�ံ� သ�ခ�င�တ��အခ�က� ���င�ငံ�ရ� �ဆ������မ� မ��ဘ�င� လည�� က��န��တ��� �ပင�ဆင�ဖ��� ရ��တယ�။

�ပ��ခ��တ�� ���င�ငံ�ရ��ဆ������မ� မ��ဘ�င� သ�ပ�အဆင�မ��ပခ��ဘ��။ လက�ရ�� ���င�ငံ�ရ� အခင��အက�င��န�� အဆင�မ��ပဘ��။

ဒ� �ပည��ထ�င�စ� သ�ဘ�တ� စ�ခ��ပ� အစ�တ�အပ��င��(၃) မ�� ထ�က�လ�တ�� �ခ�င��စ���တ�ရ��တယ�။ အ��ဒ�က�� မ�တည��ပ���တ�� ���င�ငံ�ရ� �ဆ������မ� မ��ဘ�င� �ပန��ပ��ပင�ဖ��� လ��တယ�။

အခင��အက�င�� ဘယ�လ�� လ�ပ�မယ�ဆ��တ��ဟ� ဒ�က�က�င��တ��အခ�က� ခ�နက��န����ပ�တ��ဟ� �စ�စပ�လ��� ရတ��အဆင���တ�ရ��တယ�။

ဖက�ဒရယ�မ��လည�� အ�ဏ� ခ���ဝမ� က�စ�ပ�တ��အတ�က���က�င�� �ပ��ခ��တ��အ�နအထ��န�� စ�ရင� �တ���တ��က�� အ�ပ�သ�ဘ��ဆ�င�တ�� အ��လ�ံ� လ��က�ပ����င�တ�� လမ����က�င�� အခင��အက�င���ဖစ�တယ�။

Page 16 of 30

(၂၁ ရ�စ� ပင�လ�ံည�လ�ခံ စတ�တ�အ�က�မ�မ�� တ��င��ရင��သ��တန��တ�ည�မ�မ�အတ�က��က� ဘယ��လ�က�ထ� ရ��ပ�သလ� ။ �တ��ဆ�ံ�မ��မန��မ� ဒ�တ�ယပ��င��က��ဆက�လက� ဖတ���ပ�ရန�။)

https://burmese.shannews.org/archives/18214

------

KNU အ�ထ��ထ�အတ�င���ရ�မ��-၂ �ဟ�င�� ပဒ��မန��မန��မန����င�� �တ��ဆ�ံ�မ��မန��ခ�က�

�သဂ�တ� ၃၁ရက�၊ ၂၀၂၀ �ပည����စ�။

“AA လ��အဖ���အစည��က�� ကန��သတ�ထ���ပ��မ� �င�မ��ခ�မ���ရ�က�� တစ�ဖ���စ� ဆက�လ�ပ��နမယ�ဆ��ရင� ဒ��င�မ��ခ�မ���ရ�က �က�ဦ�မ��”ပဒ�� မန��မန��မန�� (အ�ထ��ထ�အတ�င���ရ�မ��-၂ �ဟ�င��၊ KNU)

၂၁ရ�စ�ပင�လ�ံ စတ�တ�အ�က�မ�အစည��အ�ဝ��တ�� �ပ��ခ��တ�� ရက�ပ��င��ကပ� �ပ��ဆ�ံ�သ���ခ��ပ��ပ�။ �ပည��ထ�င�စ� သ�ဘ�တ�စ�ခ��ပ� အစ�တ�အပ��င�� (၃)ရရ��ခ��မ�န��အတ� �ပည�နယ�ဖ���စည��ပ�ံ အ��ခခံဥပ�ဒ�ရ� ဆ���ရ�အ�ပ� သ�ဘ� တ�ည�မ�မရရ��ခ��တ�ကလ��လ��� အ�ပ�သ�ဘ��ဆ�င�တ�� သ�ံ�သပ�မ�မ���ရ��ခ��ပ�တယ�။ KNU –ကရင�အမ����သ�� အစည��အ��ံ� အ�ထ��ထ�အတ�င���ရ�မ�� -၂ �ဟ�င�� ပဒ��မန��မန��မန��န�� �တ��ဆ�ံ�မ��မန��ထ��ပ� တယ�။

�မ� – �င�မ��ခ�မ���ရ� ည�လ�ခံ က�န �န�က�ဆ�ံ�ရရ��လ�တ�� �ပည��ထ�င�စ� သ�ဘ�တ�ည�ခ�က� အစ�တ�အပ��င�� (၃) န��ပတ�သက��ပ�� ဘယ�လ�� သ�ံ�သပ�လ�။

��ဖ – ပထမဦ�ဆ�ံ� �ပည��ထ�င�စ� �င�မ��ခ�မ���ရ� ည�လ�ခံ ၂၁ ရ�စ�ပင�လ�ံ စတ�တ� အစည��အ�ဝ�က�န ရရ��လ�တ�� National accord ၂၀ �လ�က� ဆ���ကပ�စ���။ အ��အခ�က� ၂၀ ထ�မ��မ� ပ��င���ခ��ထ��တ�က National accord အ�န န�� ၁၅ ခ�က�န�� လမ����န�ခ�က� ၅ ခ�က�ဆ��တ�မ����က���တ�� သ�တ��� ပ��င���ခ��ထ��တ�က�� �တ��ရတယ�။ ဒ�တ�ယအခ�က� အ�နန�� ၂၀၂၀အလ�န�အတ�က� အဆင��အလ��က�မ�� အဆင�� ၃ဆင��ဆ��တ�မ�����တ�� သ�ံ�သပ� �တ��မ�တယ�။ အခ�က� ၁၅ ခ�က�က�� �ပန��ထ�က��ကည��မယ�ဆ��ရင� ပထမတစ�ခ�က�အ�နန�� ��ပ�ခ�င�တ�က ၁၅ ခ�က�ရ�� နံပ�တ� ၁ က�န ၆ န�� နံပ�တ� ၉ အပ�အဝင� အ��အခ�က��တ�က NCA စ�ခ��ပ�ထ�မ��ပ�ထ���ပ��သ��။ �န�က�တစ�ခ�က �ပည��ထ�င�စ� သ�ဘ�တ�ည�ခ�က� စ�ခ��ပ� ၅၁ ခ�က�ထ�မ��လည�� ပ�ထ���ပ��သ���ဖစ�တယ�။

ထ���ခ��တ�က တတ�ယအစည��အ�ဝ�သ�ဘ�တ�ည�မ��လည��ပ�သလ�� စတ�တ�အစည��အ�ဝ�မ��လည�� ထပ� ပ�လ�တ�� �ပည��ထ�င�စ�ဖ���စည��ပ�ံက�� ဘယ�လ��ဖ���မလ�ဆ��တ�� နံပ�တ� ၈ ရ�� မ�တ�ခ�က�မ��လည��ပ� တစ�ခ�တည���သ� �ပည��ထ�င�စ� ဆ��တ�� စက��ရပ�က��ပ� ထပ��တ��ရတယ�။ နံပ�တ� ရန�� နံပ�တ� ၈က�� ထပ��ထ�က��ပရမယ�ဆ��ရင��တ�� ဒ�က NCAရ�� အဓ�ပ��ယ�ဖ�င��ဆ��ခ�က�န��ပတ�သက��ပ��တ�� အပ��င���ဖစ�တယ�။ �န�က�တစ�ခ� JMC က�� ဘယ�လ��ဆက� သ���မလ�ဆ��တ�� အပ��င�� �ဖစ�တယ�။ ဒ��တ�ကလည�� အဓ�က က�တ�� အခ�က��တ��ဖစ�တယ�။ အဓ�ပ��ယ�ဖ�င��ဆ��ခ�က� ကလည�� ဆက�လက� �ဆ������ရန� ဆ��တ��အခ�က��တ�� ဒ� ဆက�လက��ဆ������ရန�ဆ��တ�� အခ�က��တ�က�� �ပန�လည� �က�က���က�င��လ��က�ရရင� အရင� NCA စ�ခ��ပ�တ�န��ကလည�� ဆက�လက��ဆ������ ရန�ဆ��တ�� တပ�ပ��င��ဆ��င�ရ� က�စ�ရပ��တ�မ�� ဘ��မ�ဆက�လက�မ�ဆ���������င�ဘ� ဒ�က�� တရ�တ�တ��က� �က���လ���ခ��တ��တ�က�� က��န��တ��� �တ��ရတယ�။ �န�က�ဆ�ံ��တ�� တစ�ဆ���မ��တ� �ဖစ�လ�တ�ပ�။ အခ�လည�� ည�လ�ခံ စတ�တ� အစည��အ�ဝ�က�န အဓ�က အခ�က��တ�က�� ဆက�လက��ဆ������ရန�ဆ���ပ�� �က���လ���ခ��ရတ��တ�က�� ဒ�မ��လည��ပ� ထပ��တ��ရတယ�။

�န�က�တစ�ခ�က� ၂၀၂၀အလ�န�မ�� �ဆ������ရမ�� အဆင�� ၃ဆင�� ဆ���ပ���တ�� �ကည��လ��က�မယ� ဆ��ရင� စ�တ�ဝင�စ��စ ရ��တ���က�င��တယ�။ သ����သ��လည��ပ� အ��ခခံမ�ဆ��တ�� �နရ�မ�� အခ�က�အလက��တ� မပ�ဘ�န�� သ�ဘ� တရ��အရန�� လ�ပ�ငန��စ��အရ အဆင�� ၃ ဆင��က�� �တ��ရတယ�။ အ��ဒ�ဘ�လ�ဆ���တ�� �ပည��ထ�င�စ�

Page 17 of 30

အ��ခခံမ�ဆ��င�ရ� တည��ဆ�က��ရ�ဆ��တ�� သ�ဘ�တရ��အရ �ယဘ�ယ�ဆန�တ�� အဆင��တစ�ဆင��ရယ�၊ နံပ�တ� ၂ က �ပည��ထ�င�စ� အ��ခခံမ�ဆ��င�ရ� �ဖ���ဆ�င��ရ� န�� နံပ�တ� ၃ခ�က�အရ အ��ဒ� အ��ခခံမ��တ�က�� ခ��င�မ��ရ�ဆ��တ�� ဒ�သ�ဘ�တရ��အရ အဆင��က��ပ� �ဖ��ထ��တ��တ��ရတယ�။ အခ�က�အလက�အရ �ပည��ထ�င�စ� ဆ��င�ရ� အ��ခခံမ�က�� ဘယ�လ�� သ���မလ�ဆ��တ�က�� အတ�အလင���ဖ���ပထ��တ�က�� မ�တ��ရဘ��။ ပ���ပ���တ��မ� သတ�ထ��ရမယ��အခ�က�က နံပ�တ� ၁၂ �ပ��။ NCA စ�ခ��ပ�ပ� လ�ံ�ခ�ံ�ရ�ဆ��င�ရ� �ပန�လည��ပ�င��စည���ရ� အပ��ဒ� ၃၀ က�� ဒ�မ�� ၃ �က�မ�မက ဒ� စတ�တ�အ�က�မ�အစည��အ�ဝ�မ��လည�� သ�ဘ�တ� လက�မ�တ��ရ�ထ���တ�က�� �တ���နရတ�က�� အင�မတန�မ� သတ�ခ�ပ�ဖ��� လ��တ��ပ��။

NCAပ� လ�ံ�ခ�ံ�ရ�ဆ��င�ရ� �ပန�လည��ပ�င��စည���ရ�က�� လ�ပ�သ���မယ�ဆ��တ�က�� ဒ� စတ�တ�အ�က�မ� ည�လ�ခံမ�� သ�တ��� သ�ဘ�တ� လက�မ�တ��ရ�ထ���လ��က�သလ�� �ဖစ�သ��� တယ�။ ဒ�က�� �ပန��က�က���က�င��လ��က�ရင� NCAက�� လက�မ�တ�ထ���ကတည��က လ�ံ�ခ�ံ�ရ� ဆ��င�ရ� �ပန�လည� �ပ�င��စည���ရ�န��ပတ�သက��ပ���တ�� �ဆ������ည����င��မ�ရ�� အဓ�ပ��ယ�ဖ�င��ဆ��ခ�က�က ��စ�ဦ���စ�ဖက� သ�ဘ�မတ� �သ�ဘ��လ��� က��န��တ��� ��ပ�ရမ���ဖစ�တယ�။ ��စ�ဦ���စ�ဖက� သ�ဘ�မတ�တ��အခ�က�က က��န��တ��� EAO�တ�ဘက� က လက�ခံသ�ဘ�တ�ထ��တ�က လ�ံ�ခ�ံ�ရ�ဆ��င�ရ��ပ��ပင� ��ပ�င��လ��ရ��ဖစ�တယ�။ အစ���ရန�� တပ�မ�တ��ဘက� က န��လည�ထ��တ�က လ�ံ�ခ�ံ�ရ�ဆ��င�ရ� �ပန�လည��ပ�င�� စည���ခင���ဖစ�တယ�။ အ����စ�ခ�က အဓ�ပ��ယ��ခင�� မတ�ပ�ဘ��။ Process အရလည��မတ� ဘ���ဖစ�ပ�တယ�။ လ�ံ�ခ�ံ�ရ� ဆ��င�ရ� �ပ��ပင���ပ�င��လ��ရ�ဆ��တ���နရ�မ�� ဒ�ဖ���စည��ပ�ံ အ��ခခံ ဥပ�ဒ�ပ�မ��မ�တယ�။ ဖ���စည��ပ�ံ အ��ခခံဥပ�ဒ �ပ��ပင��ရ�၊ ��ပ�င��လ��ရ�၊ �ပင�ဆင��ရ� တနည��အ���ဖင�� ဖက�ဒရယ� �ပည��ထ�င�စ� အ��ခခံ ဥပ�ဒန��အည� �ဖစ��ပ� လ�တ�� အ��ခခံမ�အ�ပ�မ�� လ�ံ�ခ�ံ�ရ�ဆ��င�ရ� �ပန�လည��ပ�င��စည���ရ�န�� �ပ��ပင���ပ�င��လ��ရ�က�� လ�ပ�ရမ���ဖစ�တယ�။ တ��င��ရင��သ�� လက�နက�က��င�ဘက�ကသ�မကပ� တပ�မ�တ��ဘက�ကပ� �ပ��ပင���ပ�င��လ��ရ� လ�ပ�ရမယ�လ��� က��န��တ��� EAO ဘက�က အ��လ�� န��လည�ခ��တယ�။ ဒ��ပမ��အခ� အစ���ရန�� တပ�မ�တ��န�� သ�ဘ�တ�လ��က�တ�� အခ�က�အ�ပ� �ပန��ကည��မယ�ဆ��ရင� လ�ံ�ခ�ံ�ရ�ဆ��င�ရ� �ပ��ပင���ပ�င��လ��ရ�မဟ�တ�ဘ�န�� လ�ံ�ခ�ံ�ရ�ဆ��င�ရ� �ပန�လည��ပ�င��စည���ရ�က�� စ�ပ���တ�� အ�က�င�အထည��ဖ���ပ��သ�� ဆ�ံ��ဖတ�လ��က��ပ��လ��� �ဖစ�တ��အတ�က���က�င�� ဒ�အပ��ဒ�အ�ပ�မ�� မ�တည��ပ���တ�� နံပ�တ� ၁၂ န�� ၁၃�တ�မ��ဆ��လ���ရ��ရင� က��န��တ���အတ�က� အင�မတန�မ� �ရ��လ�မယ�� ၂၀၂၀ အလ�န�မ�� �ဖစ��ပ�လ�မယ�� ���င�ငံ�ရ� အက����ဆက� ရလဒ��တ�က စ���ရ�မ�ရမယ�� အ��ခအ�န၊ တနည��အ���ဖင�� �ပင��ထန�တ�� ထ�ပ�တ��က�ရင�ဆ��င�မ��တ� ထ�ပ�တ��က� �တ��ဆ�ံမ��တ�က �ဖစ�လ����င�ဖ�ယ�ရ�ရ��တယ�။

ထ��နည��တ�စ��ပ� နံပ�တ� ၁၅ မ�� �ပန��ကည��မယ�ဆ��ရင� က��န��တ��� အဓ�ကက�တ�� UPDJC မ��ရ��တ�� ���င�ငံ�ရ� �ဆ�� ����မ� မ��ဘ�င�က�� �ပန��ပင�ဖ��� လ��တယ�။ ���င�ငံ�ရ� �ဆ������မ� မ��ဘ�င�က�� လ��အပ�သလ�� �ပင�ဆင�မယ�ဆ���ပ���တ�� နံပ�တ� ၁၅ မ�� ပ�လ�တယ�။ လ��အပ�သလ�� သ�ဘ�တ�ည�မယ�ဆ���ပမ��လည�� တစ�ဖက�က Process အရ ဒ�လ�ံ�ခ�ံ �ရ�အရ �ပန�လည��ပ�င��စည���ရ�က��လည��ပ� သ�ဘ�တ�ည�ခ�က�က��လည�� လ�ပ�လ��က��ပ�� အ��ဒ�အ�ပ�မ�� အခ� က�မ�ဘ� ���င�ငံ�ရ� �ဆ������မ� မ��ဘ�င�က�� လ�ံ�ဝသ�တ��� �ပန�လည� �ပင�ဆင�မယ�ဆ��တ�က�တ�� လ���တ�င� မလ�� အပ��တ��ဘ�� �ဖစ��နတယ�။ ဒ���က�င��မ��လ��� ဒ�အခ�က��တ� အ�ပ�မ�� အမ����က��သတ�ခ�ပ�ဖ���လ��ပ�တယ�။ �ပန��ပ�� �ခ�ံ��ပ�ရမယ�ဆ��ရင� ဒ�စတ�တ� အ�က�မ��ပ�လ�ပ�လ��က�တ�� ဒ� �ပည��ထ�င�စ� �င�မ��ခ�မ���ရ� ည�လ�ခံ၂၁ရ�စ�ပင�လ�ံ အစည��အ�ဝ�က�န လ�မယ�� ၂၀၂၀ �န�က�ပ��င��မ��က တပ�မ�တ��တစ�ခ�ထ� ထ��ရ���ရ� စက��လ�ံ�က�� မသ�ံ��သ��လည��ပ� ဒ�တပ�အသ�င���ပ�င���ရ�န�� တပ�မ�တ��တစ�ခ�တည��ဆ��တ�� လမ����က�င���ပ�က�� သ�င��လ��က��ပ��ဆ��တ�က���တ�� အခ�က�အလက�အရ �ပန��ကည��မယ�ဆ��ရင� �တ���မင����င�ပ�တယ�။

�မ�- အရင� ည�လ�ခံ �တ�က�န ရရ��ထ��တ�� �ပည��ထ�င�စ�သ�ဘ�တ�ည�ခ�က� ၅၁ ခ�က�န�� အခ� ည�လ�ခံက�န ရလ�တ��အခ�က��တ�အ�က��မ�� က���ခ��ခ�က�ဘယ�လ��ရ��လ�။ အရင�ရခ��တ�� အခ�က��တ�ထ�မ�� အ�က�င�အထည� �ဖ��မ�အပ��င��မ���က� ဘယ�လ�� သ�ံ�သပ�မ�လ�။

��ဖ – ဒ�တ�ယအ�က�မ�တ�န��က ၄၇ခ�က� န�� တတ�ယအ�က�မ�တ�န��က ၁၄ခ�က� အ��လ�ံ� ၅၁ခ�က�လ�ံ�က ဘ�မ� ဒ��ဟ �ဖစ�စရ� အ��က�င��မရ��ဘ��။ အ��လ�ံ� အခ�က� ၅၁ခ�က�စလ�ံ�က ၂၀၀၈ ဖ���စည��ပ�ံ အ��ခခံဥပ�ဒ�အ�က�မ��ပ� သ�ဘ�တ�ည�ခ�က�ရရ��ခ��တ��ဖစ�တ��အတ�က���က�င�� ဒ�လက�ရ�� National accord အ�ပ�မ�� ဘယ�လ�� အ�က�င� အထည��ဖ��သ���မလ�ဆ��တ�က ထ��ထ���ခ���ခ�� အ�က�င�အထည��ဖ��သ���စရ� မရ��ဘ��။ ဘ��ဖစ�လ�ဆ���တ��

Page 18 of 30

၂၀၀၈ ဖ���အစည��ပ�ံအ��ခခံမ��အ�က�မ��ပ� �ဆ������ဆ�ံ��ဖတ�ရလ�တ�� သ�ဘ�တ�ည�ခ�က��တ� �ဖစ�တ��အတ�က� ��က�င���ဖစ�တယ�။

ဆ��လ��တ�က လ�တ��တ���ပင�ပ���င�ငံ�ရ� �ဆ������ပ��ဆ��တ�က ��ပ�ခ�င�တ�က ၂၀၀၈ ဖ���စည��ပ�ံ အ��ခခံဥပ�ဒရ�� �ပင�ပ ၂၀၀၈ ဖ���စည��ပ�ံ အ��ခခံဥပ�ဒရ�� လ�မ��မ���မရ��ဘ�န�� လ�တ��တ���ပင�က�န �ဆ������ရမယ�� ���င�ငံ�ရ� �ဆ������ပ���ဖစ�တယ��ပ��။ အခ� လ�တ��တ���ပင�ပဆ���သ���င��လည��ပ� လ�တ��တ��အ�ဆ�က� အအ�ံရ�� �ပင�ပသ��ဖစ�တယ�။ ၂၀၀၈ ဖ���စည��ပ�ံ အ��ခခံဥပ�ဒ�ဘ�င�ထ�က�န�က����ပ���တ�� �ဆ������လ���မရဘ��လ��� ��ပ�ရမ���ဖစ�ပ�တယ�။

�မ�- ဒ� ည�လ�ခံ�တ� မတ��င�ခင� အရင� ၂၀၁၅ ကကတည�� ခ��ပ�ဆ��ခ��တ�� ဒ� NCAဟ� တရ�တ�တ��က�ဆ��လ�ရင�� ပ�လ� တ��အခင��အက�င��ဆ���ပ�� ��ပ�ဆ���ကတ��တ�ရ��သလ�� ၂၀၀၈ ဖ���စည��ပ�ံ�အ�က�က�� မ�ရ�က��ရ�က��အ�င� ဆ��သ�င��ခ��တယ�ပ�ံစံလ��� �ဝဖန��ထ�က��ပတ�မ����ရ��တ��အ�ပ�မ�� ဒ� NCA အ�ပ�မ�� ဘယ�လ�� သ�ံ�သပ��မင�မ�လ�။

��ဖ – NCA စ�ခ��ပ� မတ��င�ခင�ကတည��က သမ�တ�က�� ဦ�သ�န��စ�န�လက�ထက�မ�� �င�မ��ခ�မ���ရ�က�� ဖ�တ��ခ�တ�� အခ� မ�� မ�ဝ�ဒ (၈) ခ�က�က�� ခ�မ�တ�ခ��တယ�။ ဒ� (၈)ခ�က�ထ�မ�� က��န��တ��� လက�မခံ���င�တ�� အဓ�က အခ�က� (၃)ခ�က� ပ�လ�တယ�။ ပထမအခ�က�အ�နန��က ဖ���စည��ပ�ံအ��ခခံဥပ�ဒက�� လက�ခံက�င��သ�ံ��ရ�န�� လ��အပ�သလ�� �ပင�ဆင� �ဖည��စ�က�သ����ရ� ဆ��တ�� အခ�က�တစ�ခ�က�ပ�တယ�။ ဒ�တ�ယက ���င�ငံ�ရ� ပ�တ�ဖ���စည���ပ���တ�� �ရ���က�က�ပ�� တ�င� ပ�ဝင�ယ����ပ ��င�သ���ရမယ�ဆ���ပ���တ�� ဒ�တ�ယအခ�က�ပ�တယ�။ တတ�ယအခ�က�က�တ�� လက�နက�က��င�တပ� တစ�ခ�ထ�ထ��ရ���ရ�ဆ��တ�� ဒ�အခ�က� ၃ခ�က�က�� သမ�တ ဦ�သ�န��စ�န� အစ���ရလက�ထက�မ��ကတည��က ဒ�မ�ဝ�ဒန�� အည� ဒ� NCA စ�ခ��ပ�က�� ထည��သ�င���ပ���တ��မ� ပ�ဝင�ခ��တ��ပ��။ တခ��န�ထ�မ�� တပ�မ�တ��ရ�� မ� (၆)ခ�က�က�� �ပန��ကည��ရင� လည��ပ� အဓ�က (၂)ခ�က�လည�� ထ��နည��လည���က�င��ပ�။ ���င�ငံ�တ��က ထ�တ��ပန�တ�� တည�ဆ� ဥပ�ဒက�� လ��က�န��ရမယ�။ ဒ���တ�ဝန�အ�ရ�သ�ံ�ပ��န�� ဒ�မ��က�ရစ�အနစ�သ�ရက�� လက�ခံ�ပ�� ၂၀၀၈ ဖ���စည��ပ�ံ အ��ခခံ ဥပ�ဒ�ဖင�� ဒ�မ��က�ရစ� �လ��က�လ�မ��မ�တ�င� လ��က�ပ�သ���ရန�ဆ���ပ�� သမ�တ�က�� ဦ�သ�န��စ�န� အစ���ရ ရ�� မ�ဝ�ဒ ၈ ခ�က�န�� တပ�မ�တ��မ�ဝ�ဒ ၆ခ�က�က�� �ပန��ကည��မယ�ဆ��ရင� ၂၀၀၈ ဖ���စည��ပ�ံ အ��ခခံဥပ�ဒ �အ�က�မ��ပ� �ရ�ဆ��ခ��တ�� NCA စ�ခ��ပ�ပ��ဖစ�တယ�။

ဒ�ထက�ပ���သခ���အ�င� ��ပ�ရမယ�ဆ��ရင� NCA စ�ခ��ပ�ရ�� အခန�� (၅) အပ��ဒ� ၂၂ရ�� အပ��ဒ�ခ�� (ဃ) မ��ဆ��လ���ရ��ရင� �ပည��ထ�င�စ� ည�လ�ခံမ� ထ�က��ပ�လ��တ�� ဆ�ံ��ဖတ�ခ�က�မ����ပ�မ�� အ��ခခံ၍ ဖ���စည��ပ�ံ အ��ခခံ ဥပ�ဒအပ�အဝင� ဥပ�ဒမ���က�� လ��အပ�သလ�� �ပင�ဆင��ခင�� �ဖည��စ�က��ခင����င�� ပယ�ဖ�က��ခင��က�� လ�ပ�ထ�ံ�လ�ပ� နည��မ�����င��အည� �ပ�လ�ပ�ရန� သ�ဘ�တ�သည� ဆ���ပ��ပ�တယ�။ ဒ� အခ�က�က�� �ကည���ခင��အ���ဖင�� ဒ�ဖ���စည��ပ�ံ အ��ခခံဥပ�ဒ အပ�အဝင�ဆ��တ��အတ�က���က�င�� ဖ���စည��ပ�ံက�� �ပင�ဆင�လ���ရတယ�ဆ��တ�� စ���စ��ခ�က��တ� ရ���ကတယ�။ ဒ��ပမယ�� သတ�ထ��ရမယ��အခ�က�က �န�က�ဆ�ံ� �ခင��ခ�က�ခံထ��တ�� လ�ပ�ထ�ံ� လ�ပ�နည��မ�����င��အည� �ပ�လ�ပ�ရန�ဆ��တ�� အခ�က�က �ခင��ခ�က� ခံထ��တ��ဖစ�တယ�။ ဒ�လ�ပ� ထ�ံ�လ�ပ�နည��ဆ��တ�က ၂၀၀၈ ဖ���စည��ပ�ံ အ��ခခံဥပ�ဒရ�� အခန�� (၁၂)ရ�� အပ��ဒ� ၄၃၆ အ�ပ�မ�� ဒ�ခ��ပ�ထ���ပ��သ�� �ဖစ�တ��အတ�က� ဒ� ဖ���စည��ပ�ံ အ��ခခံ ဥပ�ဒ �ပင����င�ဖ���ဆ��တ�က ဘယ�လ��မ� မလ�ယ�ဘ��ဆ��တ�က�� က��န��တ��� �တ���မင�ရမ���ဖစ�ပ�တယ�။

တဆက�တည��မ�� NCA စ�ခ��ပ�န�� ဆက�စပ�လ�တ�� ���င�ငံ�ရ� �ဆ������မ� မ��ဘ�င�က�� �ပန��ကည��မယ�ဆ��လည�� ခ�နက ဆက�စပ��နတ�� အခန�� (၅) အပ��ဒ� ၂၂ (ဃ)�က��န�� ဆက�စပ�လ�တ�ဘ�လ�ဆ���တ�� ���င�ငံ�ရ� �ဆ������မ� မ��ဘ�င�မ�� အခန�� (၈) အပ��ဒ� ၁၄ (၁) မ���ပန��ကည��မယ�ဆ��လ���ရ��ရင� ဘ�သ����တ��ရလ�ဆ���တ�� �ပည��ထ�င�စ� သ�ဘ�တ�စ�ခ��ပ�တ�င� ပ�ရ���သ� သ�ဘ�တ�ည�ခ�က�မ�����င�� လ��က��လ��ည��ထ�မ�ရ���စရန� ဥပ�ဒအသစ�မ��� �ပဌ�န���ခင�� တည�ဆ�ဥပ�ဒက�� �ပင�ဆင��ခင��၊ ပယ�ဖ�က��ခင��က�� လ�တ��တ��၊ တပ�မ�တ����င�� အစ���ရ ဌ�န�က��မ���မ� မ�မ�သက�ဆ��င�ရ� က�အလ��က� အ�က�င�အထည��ဖ�� �ဆ�င�ရ�က�သ���ရမယ�ဆ���တ�� အ��ဒ��နရ�မ�� ဖ���စည��ပ�ံ အ��ခခံ ဥပ�ဒ �ပင�ဆင��ရ�ဆ��တ� မပ��တ��ဘ��။ အ���နရ�မ�� အစ���ရ၊ လ�တ��တ��၊ တပ�မ�တ��က��ပ� ��န��ထ�� တ� EAO�တ�ရ�� အခန��က�� မ�ရ�ထ��ဘ��။ ဒ��တ�က��က��န��တ���က �ထ�က��ပတ�က�� �မင�လ�တ��အခ�မ�� ဒ� ည�လ�ခံ စတ�တ�အ�က�မ�မ�� နည��နည���လ� �ဖ���ပလ��က�တယ�။ ဒ�က�� EAO �တ�ဘက�က

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ယ� �ရ�� တစ�ခ� �ဖ���ဆ�င��ပ���တ��မ� �ပည��ထ�င�စ� သ�ဘ�တ�စ�ခ��ပ�က�� ဘယ�လ�� အ�က�င�အထည��ဖ���ဆ�င� မလ�ဆ�� တ�က�တ�� အပ��ဒ��လ� တစ�ပ��ဒ�အ�နန�� ဒ�က�� �ဖ��လ��က�တယ�။

မည�သ���ပင� ဆ���စက�မ� NCA စ�ခ��ပ�က�� �ပန��ကည��လ��က�ရင� ဒ�က�တ�� ၂၀၀၈ ဖ���စည��ပ�ံ အ��ခခံ ဥပ�ဒ �အ�က� ကပ� သ����နရတ��အ�ပင�ခ�နက သမ�တ ဦသ�န��စ�န�ရ�� �င�မ��ခ�မ���ရ� မ� (၈)ခ�က�န�� တပ�မ�တ��ရ��မ�(၆)ရ�� ရည�ရ�ယ� ခ�က� တတန��ထ�မ��ပ� ဒ�ဟ��မ��င�မ�သ���တယ�ဆ��တ�က�� အခ�က�အလက�အရ �ထ�က��ပရင� �ပ����င�ပ�တယ�။ ထပ���ပ�ခ�င�တ�က NCA စ�ခ��ပ�ရ�� ပထမအဆင��မ�� NCA စ�ခ��ပ�က�� လက�မ�တ��ရ�ထ���တ�န��က အဓ�က ဇ�တ� �က�င��တ�အ�နန�� အစ���ရရယ�၊ လ�တ��တ��ရယ�၊ တပ�မ�တ��ရယ�၊ EAO ရယ�။ �န�က� UPDJC မ��လည�� အစ���ရရယ�၊ လ�တ��တ��ရယ�၊ EAO �တ�ရယ�၊ ���င�ငံ�ရ� ပ�တ��တ�ပ� ထပ�ပ�လ�တယ�။ ၂၁ ရ�စ� ပင�လ�ံက�� တက�တ�� �နရ�မ��လည�� ထ��နည��လည���က�င��ပ� အစ���ရရယ�၊ လ�တ��တ��ရယ�၊ ���င�ငံ�ရ�ပ�တ�န�� EAO �တ�ရယ� ပ�တယ�။ သ����သ�� �ပည��ထ�င�စ� သ�ဘ�တ�စ�ခ��ပ� အ�က�င�အထည��ဖ��တ�� �နရ�မ�� EAO�တ� ပ�မလ�� ဘ��။ အစ���ရရယ�၊ လ�တ��တ��ရယ�၊ တပ�မ�တ��ဘ�ဆ���တ�� ���င�ငံ�ရ� �ဆ������မ� မ��ဘ�င�မ�� ခ�နက က��န����ပ� သ���တ�� အခန�� (၈) အပ��ဒ� ၁၄ (၁)မ�� �ဖ���ပထ���ပ��သ���ဖစ�တယ�။ ဒ�က��လည�� သ�တ��� လက�မ�တ� ထ����ပ���တ�� သ�ဘ�တ�ထ���ပ��သ���ဖစ�တယ�။ အ���တ�� ခ��ပ��ပ����ပ�ရရင� �ပည��ထ�င�စ� သ�ဘ�တ�စ�ခ��ပ� အ�က�င� အထည��ဖ��မ�မ�� EAO �တ� ပ�ခ�င�လ�ရင� ဘ�လ�ပ�ရမလ�ဆ���တ�� ပ�တ��ထ�င� �ရ���က�က�ပ��ဝင�။ ပ�တ��ထ�င� �ရ���က�က�ပ��ဝင�ဆ��တ��အခ� ���င�ငံ�ရ�ပ�တ�ရ�� ဥပ�ဒအရ လက�နက�က��င� အဖ���အစည��န�� ကင��ရ�င��ရမယ�ဆ��တ� ထပ�ပ�လ�တ�� အခ�က��တ�� ခ�နက ဦ�သ�န��စ�န�ရ�� မ� (၈)ခ�က�န�� တပ�မ�တ��ရ�� မ�(၆)ခ�က� န��တထပ�တည�� သ����နတယ�ဆ��တ� က�က�က�က�က�င��က�င�� �မင�ရမ���ဖစ�တယ�။

�မ� – လက�ရ��ခ��ပ�ဆ��ထ��တ�� NCA အတ��င��သ���မယ�ဆ��ရင� စစ�မ�န�တ�� �င�မ��ခ�မ���ရ�က�� မ�ရ�က����င�ဘ��လ��� �ဝဖန� ဆန��စစ�တ�မ����လည��ရ���ကတ��ပ��။ ဒ� NCAက�� �ပင�ဆင��ဖည��စ�က�တ�မ���� ဒ�မ�မဟ�တ� တ�ခ���သ� နည��လမ��န�� သ���ဖ��� အ�ကံ�ပ�တ�မ����လည��ရ��တယ�။ ဒ�အ�ပ�မ�� ဘယ�လ��သ�ံ�သပ�လ�။

��ဖ – အ��က�င��အရင�� ��စ�ခ�ရ��ပ�တယ�။ NCA စ�ခ��ပ�က ဒ�အတ��င��သ���ရင� �င�မ��ခ�မ���ရ� ရမ��မဟ�တ�ဘ��။ ဘ��ဖစ�လ��� မရလ�ဆ���တ�� NCA စ�ခ��ပ�သည� ၂၀၀၈ ဖ���စည��ပ�ံ အ��ခခံဥပ�ဒ �ဘ�င�အတ�င��မ��ပ� �ဆ������ရ တ��ဖစ�တယ�။ တကယ�����င�ငံ�ရ� �ပဿန�က ဖ���စည��ပ�ံ အ�ကပ�အတည���ဖစ�တယ�။ ဖ���စည��ပ�ံက�� မ�ပင����င�သ၍ ���င�ငံ�ရ� �ပဿန�က�� ��ဖရ�င��လ���ရမ��မဟ�တ�ဘ��၊ �င�မ��ခ�မ���ရ�ရမ��မဟ�တ�ဘ��။ အ��ဒ�က���တ�� အ��လ�ံ� လက�ခံ တယ�လ���ပ� န��လည�တယ�။ သ����သ��လည�� အ��လမ����က�င��က�� �ရ�က����င�ဖ���က�တ�� က��န��တ��� အမ����က�� �က���လ���သ���ဖ��� လ���သ�တယ�။ NCA စ�ခ��ပ�က�� �ပင�မယ�ဆ��ရင��တ�� အဓ�က �ပင�ရမယ�� အခ�က� (၃)ခ�က�က�� က��န�� �ထ�က��ပခ�င�ပ�တယ�။ ပထမ တစ�ခ�က�က NCA စ�ခ��ပ�ရ�� အခန�� (၃) အပ��ဒ� (၇) န�� အပ��ဒ� (၈)မ�� တပ�ပ��င��ဆ��င�ရ� က�စ�အ��လ�ံ�က�� ဆက�လက��ဆ������ရန� သ�ဘ�တ�သည�� ဆ��တ�� အခ�က��တ� အ��လ�ံ�က�� �ပန��ဆ������ပ�။ �ပန��ဆ�������ပ���တ��မ� သ�ဘ�တ�ည�ခ�က��တ� �ပန�ယ�ရမယ�။ ဒ�တ�ယ အခ�က�က�တ�� NCA စ�ခ��ပ�ထ�မ�� ပ�ရ��တ�� Mechanism ယ� �ရ���တ�၊ ��စ�ခ�ရ��ပ�တယ� တစ�ခ�က JMC န�� UPDJC။ JMCက �စ�င���ကည�� တ��ယ� �ရ��အဖ���အစည��ပ�။ �စ�င���ကည��တ���နရ�မ�� စ�ဖ���မ�က ပဋ�ပက��ဖစ�တ�� ��စ�ဖ���က�န စ�ဖ���လ��က�တယ�။ ပဋ�ပက��ဖစ�တ�� ��စ�ဖက� စ�ဖ���မ�က �စ�င���ကည��တ�� �နရ�မ�� တစ�ဖက�ဖက�က�တ�� ဘက�လ��က�မ��ပ�။ ဆ���တ�� JMCက လ�တ�လပ�တ�� Third Party �ဖစ�ရမယ�။ အခ��တ�� JMC ဘယ��လ�က�ဖ���ဖ��� NCA စ�ခ��ပ�မ�� တပ�ပ��င�� ဆ��င�ရ�က�စ� အခ�က�အလက� ဘ�တစ�ခ�မ� သ�ဘ�တ�ည�ခ�က� မရခ��ဘ��။ ဆက�လက��ဆ������ရန� ဆ��တ�ပ� ရခ��တယ�။

အထ��သ�ဖင�� တပ�ပ��င��ဆ��င�ရ� �နရ�ခ�ထ���ရ�၊ တပ��တ�ရ�� �လ���ခ��ရ� တပ��တ�က�� ဘယ�လ�� �ပန� ��ပ�သ�မ��မလ�ဆ��တ�� အခ�က�အလက��တ�၊ Area demarcation အပစ�ရပ� နယ���မသတ�မ�တ��ခင��က အစ သ�ဘ�တ�ည�ခ�က�မရဘ�န�� ဒ� JMC သည� ဘ�က�� Monitor (�စ�င���ကည��) လ�ပ�မ��လ�။ တတ�ယ အခ�က� အ�နန��က ဒ� UPDJC ဆ��တ�� �ပည��ထ�င�စ� �င�မ�ခ�မ���ရ� ���င�ငံ�ရ��ဆ������ပ�� �က��မတ�သည�လည��ပ� ကမကထ လ�ပ�တ��အဖ����ဖစ�ရမယ�။ �င�မ��ခ�မ���ရ��ဆ������ပ�� ရရ�����င�ဖ���အတ�က� သ�က�က���န ကမကထ �ပ�လ�ပ�ရမ���ဖစ�

Page 20 of 30

တယ�။ အခ�က UPDJC က ဦ��ဆ�င�ဆ�ံ��ဖတ�တ�� ယ� �ရ���က��က�� သ����ဖစ��နတယ�။ ဒ���က�င�� �င�မ��ခ�မ���ရ� �ဆ������ဘက�ရ�� အဓ�ကပ�ဝင�သ��တ�က ��စ�ဖက�သ�ဘ�တ�ည�ခ�က�ရမယ��ဟ�က ပ�ံမ�ပ�ဘ�� �ဖစ�လ�တယ�။

�န�က�ဆ�ံ�အ�နန��က ဒ��တ��ဆ�ံ�ဆ������မ�ရ�� ဒ�ဇ��င���ပ��။ Dialogue ဒ�ဇ��င��က Negotiation Table က �ပ��က��နတယ�။ ��စ�ဖက� သ�ဘ�တ�ည�ခ�က� ရယ�ဖ��� အစ���ရ လ�တ��တ��၊ တပ�မ�တ��က တဖက� EAO ဘက�က တစ�ဖက� ��စ�ဖက�သ�ဘ�တ�ည�ခ�က� �တ��ဆ�ံ�ဆ������မ�ရ�� အခင��အက�င��က bilateral မဟ�တ��တ��ဘ� Round Table ပ�ံစံမ����ပ�ံ�ဖ���ပ���တ�� က��ယ�စ���ပ�မ� အစ�အဖ���န�� လ��ပ��မ� Meeting Decision ပ�ံစံလ�ပ�လ��က�တ�� အခ�က��တ�� အခင�အက�င���တ� အ��လ�ံ�ကလည�� �ပန���ပ�င��ရမ���ဖစ�ပ�တယ�။

�မ�- �န�က�ဆ�ံ� �ပ�လ�ပ�လ��က�တ�� ည�လ�ခံက�န သ�ဘ�တ�ည�ခ�က��တ�ရခ���ပမ�� ဒ�က�န�အခ��န�ထ� ��မ�က�ပ��င�� လက�နက�က��င�အဖ����တ�မပ�ဝင�လ����င��သ�တ��အ�ပ� ဒ��င�မ��ခ�မ���ရ� လ�ပ�ငန��စ��ရ�� �ရ��အလ��လ� အ�နန�� ဘယ�လ�� သ�ံ�သပ��မင�မ�လ�။

��ဖ – ပထမ ၂၀၁၅ခ���စ� NCA လက�မ�တ�စထ���ကတည��က အစ���ရ အထ��သ�ဖင�� တပ�မ�တ��ဘက�က EAO�တ�က�� ကန��သတ�ထ��တ��တ�ရ��တယ�။ NCA စ�ဆ������တ�န��ကတည��က �တ�င�ပ��င��၊ ��မ�က�ပ��င�� အခ� အ�န�က�ပ��င�� AA အပ�အဝင� ၁၆ဖ���စလ�ံ�ရ��တယ�။ ဒ� ၁၆ဖ���စလ�ံ�က�� NCAက�� လက�မ�တ�ထ���ဖ���က�� အစ���ရဘက�က တပ�မ�တ�� ဘက�ကလက�မခံခ��ဘ��။ အ�ဒ�မတ��င�ခင� NCA စ�ခ��ပ�သည�လည��ပ� မ�ပ���ပည��စ�ံဘ��။ မ�ပ���ပည��စ�ံတ��အတ�က� EAO �တ�အ�က�� လက�မ�တ�ထ����ရ�၊ မထ����ရ�က ဒ��ဟ�ဖစ�လ�တယ�။ တခ����က�တ�� မ�ပည��စ�ံ�ပမယ�� ဒ�က�� တ�ဖည���ဖည�� ည����င��ယ��ပ��မ� ထ���မယ�ဆ���ပ���တ�� စ���စ��ခ�က�န�� တခ����ပ�လ�တယ�။ တခ����က�တ�� �န�က�တက�လ�မယ�� �ဒ��အ�င�ဆန��စ��ကည� ဦ��ဆ�င�တ�� အစ���ရတက�လ�ရင��တ�� ပ��မ���ပ���တ�� �ပည��စ�ံမယ� ဆ���ပ���တ�� စ���စ��ခ�က��တ�န�� ပ�လ�တယ�။ မည�သ���ပင�ဆ���စက�မ� အဓ�က ဒ�အဖ����တ� ပ�မလ��အ�င� ကန��သတ�ထ��တ�က တပ�မ�တ��ဘက�န�� အစ���ရဘက�ကပ� �ဖစ�တယ�။ ဆ���တ�� AA လ��အဖ���အစည��က�� ကန��သတ�ထ���ပ��မ� �င�မ��ခ�မ���ရ�က�� တစ�ဖ���စ� ဆက�လ�ပ��နမယ�ဆ��ရင� ဒ��င�မ��ခ�မ���ရ�က �က�ဦ�မ���ဖစ�ပ�တယ�။

�မ�- �င�မ��ခ�မ���ရ�က�� �ရ��ဆက����င�ဖ���ဆ��ရင� ဘယ�လ���ပင�ဆင��ဆ�င�ရ�က�ခ�က�မ�����တ� လ�ပ��ဆ�င�သင��တယ�လ��� အ�ကံ�ပ�ခ�င�သလ�။

��ဖ – က��န��တ��� ဒ��င�မ��ခ�မ���ရ� �ဆ������မ�န�� �ရ��က�� ဆက�သ���မယ�ဆ��ရင��တ�� ကနဦ�က��န����ပ�ခ��တ�� အခ�က�အလက��တ�အ�ပင� အ��ခခံက�တ�� အဓ�က အခ�က� (၅)ခ�က�က�� အ��စ�ခ��ပ��ပ�� ��ပ�ခ�င�ပ�တယ�။ ပထမအ ခ�က�အ�နန�� �င�မ��ခ�မ���ရ� �ဆ������ဖ��� ���င�ငံ�ရ� �ဆ������ဖ��� ���င�ငံ�ရ� လမ���ပ��မပ�ံ�ပန�လည�ည����င��ဖ��� လ��ပ�လ�မ�� မယ�။ ဒ�တ�ယအခ�က�က�တ���တ��ဆ�ံ �ဆ������မ� ဆ��င�ရ� အ��ခခံမ� လမ����န�ခ�က�က�� ခ�မ�တ�ဖ��� လ��မယ�။ တတ�ယ အခ�က�က�တ�� က��န����ပ�ခ��တ�� �တ��ဆ�ံ�ဆ�������ရ� ဆ��င�ရ� အခင��အက�င�� ဒ� Political Dialogue ဒ�ဇ��င�� အခင��အက�င��က�� ခ�မ�တ�ဖ���လ��တယ�။ နံပ�တ��လ�အ�နန�� အ��ဒ�အခ�က��တ�က�� ခ�မ�တ��ပ���တ��မ� ���င�ငံ�ရ� သ�ဘ� တ�ည�ခ�က��တ� ရယ�ရမယ�။ အ��ဒ�အဆင���တ�က�� သ���ရမ���ဖစ��ပ�� အ��ဒ� အဆင���တ� �က����ပ��သ���မ�သ�လ�င� ဖ���စည��ပ�ံ�ပင�ဆင��ရ� အသစ��ရ�ဆ���ရ� �ဖစ��ဖစ��ပ�� ။ က��န��တ��� သတ�ခ�ပ�ရမယ�� အခ�က�တစ�ခ�က�က ဘ�လ� ဆ���တ�� ���င�ငံ�ရ� �တ��ဆ�ံ �ဆ�������ရ�လ�ပ�တ�� �နရ�မ�� လ�တ��တ�� �ပင�ပ �ဖစ�ရမယ�။ တနည��အ���ဖင�� ၂၀၀၈ ဖ���စည��ပ�ံ အ��ခခံ ဥပ�ဒ�ပင�ပက �ဖစ�ရမယ�။ �အ�က�က မ�ဖစ��စရဘ��ဆ��တ�က�� အ��ခခံ လမ����န�ခ�က� (၅)ခ�က�အ�နန�� စ���စ���ပ���တ��မ� �ဖ���ဆ�င�ရမ���ပ��။ အ��ဒ�ဆ��ရင� �ရ��လ�မယ�� �င�မ��ခ�မ���ရ� အလ��လ� က���တ�� ဆက�သ���လ��� ရ���င�မယ�လ����တ�� �မ���လင��ရတ��ပ���န��။

�မ�- �န�က�ဆ�ံ� �ဖည��စ�က���ပ�ခ�င�တ�မ��� ဘ�ရ��မလ�။

��ဖ – �င�မ��ခ�မ���ရ� တည��ဆ�က�မ� �ဖစ�စ�� တစ�ခ�လ�ံ�က�� �ခ�ံ�ပ�� ��ပ�ရမယ�ဆ��ရင� အပ��င����စ�ပ��င��က�� ခ���ပ����ပ� ခ�င�တ�က ဦ�သ�န��စ�န� အစ���ရ လက�ထက� �င�မ��ခ�မ���ရ� �ဖ���ဆ�င�မ�န�� NLD အစ���ရ လက�ထက� �ဖ���ဆ�င� မ��ဖစ�စ��က�� ��င��ယ���ခ�င�တ��ပ��။ ဦ�သ�န��စ�န� အစ���ရလက�ထက�တ�န��က လက�မ�တ�ထ����ရ�က��ပ� အလ�င�စလ�� လ�ပ�ခ��တယ�။ �န�က��ပ�� အ�က�အလည�မ�ဆ������ခ��ဘ��။ �န�က��ပ�� �ဆ������မ�ရလဒ��ပ�မ�� အ��ခခံ�ပ��မ� Page 21 of 30

မသ���ခ��ဘ��။ ဒ�က ဦ�သ�န��စ�န� အစ���ရ လက�ထက�ကရ��ခ��တ�� အ��နည��ခ�က��ဖစ�တယ�။ ဆက��ပ���တ��မ� NLD အစ���ရလက�ထက�က��တ�� အစ���ရရ�� ဦ��ဆ�င�မ�က�� စစ�တပ�က မခံယ�ဘ��ဆ��တ�က�� သ����တ��ရတယ�။ �န�က�တစ�ခ�က �င�မ��ခ�မ���ရ�ထက� အ�ဏ�ရရ���ရ� �ရ���က�က�ပ�� �အ�င����င��ရ�က�� ဒ� �င�မ��ခ�မ���ရ� လ�ပ�ငန�� စ��က�� Political tool တစ�ခ�အ�နန�� အသ�ံ�ခ�သ���တယ�လ��� �မင�ရတယ�။ အစ���ရ ��စ�ရပ�စလ�ံ�ရ�� က�လမ�� ��စ�ဖက�စလ�ံ�ရ���ဆ������မ�က ထ�ပ�တ��က��ဖစ�တ�က�� �ရ��င��ကတယ�။ �ဆ������မ�တ��င��မ��လည�� EAO�တ�ဘက�က လ��က��လ�� အ�လ����ပ�ခ��ရတယ�။

�န�က�ဆ�ံ�တစ�ခ�အ�နန�� EAOဘက�က မဟ�ဗ��ဟ�က� ခ�ည��ကပ�မ� အ��နည��ခ�က�က�� �ထ�က��ပခ�င�တယ�။ ဒ�ကလည�� �န�က��င�မ��ခ�မ���ရ� လ�ပ�ငန��စ���တ�အတ�က� အ�ထ�က� အက��ပ����င�ဖ��� �မ���လင��တ�ပ�။ တစ�ခ�က� က�တ�� တစ�ဖ���ခ�င��စ�ပ� ခ����ကပ��ဆ�င�ရ�က�တ��ဖစ�တယ�။ တပ��ပ�င��စ�အ�နန�� မသ���ဘ�န�� တပ��ပ�င��စ�က�န ခ��ထ�က��ပ�� သ����ကတ�လည�� ရ���ကတ�က���။ ဒ�တ�ယ အခ�က�က ဘ�ံရပ�တည�ခ�က� မထ��ဘ��။ ဘ�ံရပ�တည� ခ�က�က�� မက��င�စ��ဘ��။ နံပ�တ� သ�ံ�အခ�က�အ�နန�� Process က��သ���တ���နရ�မ�� ဘယ�အခ��န� ဘယ�မ�� �ရ�က�ရင� ရပ�မလ�၊ ဘယ�အခ��န� ဘ�မရရင� ဆ�တ�ရမလ� �န�က�ခံဆ�တ�လမ�� မထ��ဘ��။ ဆက�က�ဆက�က� သ����န တ��ပ��။ နံပ�တ��လ� အခ�က�က Process က��သ�သ����ပ�� Progress �ဖစ�မ�ဖစ�ဆ��တ�က�� မ�ကည��ဘ��။ ဘယ��န�မ�� ဘ�လ�ပ�မလ� ဘယ�လမ�� ဘ�လ�ပ�မလ�ဆ���ပ�� ရလ�တ�� ရလဒ�အ�ပ�မ�� တဆင��ခ�င�� မသ���ဘ�န�� က�လတစ�ခ� အ�ပ�မ���ကည���ပ�� လ�ပ�ငန���ဖစ�စ��က�� သ���ခ��တယ�။ �န�က�နံပ�တ� င��အခ�က�က က��န��တ���က �တ��ဆ�ံ� �ဆ������မ� အ��ခခံမ�က�� တ�တ�က�က� မခ�မ�တ����င�ခ��သလ�� ခ�မ�တ�သလ��လည�� မသ������င�ခ��ဘ��။ ဒ�က�တ�� အ��နည��ခ�က��တ� �ဖစ�တ��ပ��။

http://kicnews.org/2020/08/knu-�အ��ထ�ထအ�တင္းေရ�မႉး-၂-ေ/

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သ���ဖစ�သ� AA ထ��ရ�က��နလ��� �က��က��ဖ�အမတ��လ�င�� အမည�စ�ရင��က�န ပယ�ခ�ခံရ

2020-08-31

ရခ��င��ပည�နယ� လ�တ��တ�� က��ယ�စ��လ�ယ� ဦ�ဖ���စံက�� �တ��ရစ�� Photo: Min Thein Aung/RFA

လ�မယ���ရ���က�က�ပ��မ�� ရခ��င��ပည�နယ� �က��က��ဖ��မ ���နယ�က�န ဝင��ရ�က�ယ����ပ ��င�မယ�� ရခ��င�အမ����သ��ပ�တ� (ANP) က��ယ�စ��လ�ယ��လ�င�� ဦ�ဖ���စံက�� �ပည��ထ�င�စ� �ရ���က�က�ပ���က��မရ�င�က ပယ�ခ�လ��က�ပ�တယ�။

ဦ�ဖ���စံရ�� သ���ဖစ�သ�ဟ� ရက� ��င��တပ��တ��(AA) ထ�က�� �ရ�က��နတယ�ဆ��တ�� အ��က�င���ပခ�က�န�� ပယ�ခ�ခံရတ�လ��� က�ယကံရ�င� ဦ�ဖ���စံ က��ယ�တ��င�က RFA က�� ဒ��န� ��ပ�ပ�တယ�။ သ�ဟ� လ�မယ�� ၂ဝ၂ဝ �ရ���က�က�ပ��မ�� �က��က��ဖ��မ ���နယ� မ�ဆ��နယ�အမ�တ� (၂) က�န ရခ��င�အမ����သ��ပ�တ� (ANP) က�� က��ယ�စ���ပ� ဝင��ရ�က�ယ��� �ပ ��င�မ�� �ဖစ�ပ�တယ�။ သ��က�� ပယ�ခ�လ��က�တ��အ��က�င�� �ပ��ခ��တ�� �သဂ�တ�လ ၂၂ ရက��န�က �က��က��ဖ�ခ���င� �ရ���က�က�ပ���က��မရ�င� တ�ဝန�ရ��သ��တ�က �ခ�ယ�အသ��ပ�ခ��တ�လ��� ဦ�ဖ���စံ က ��ပ�ပ�တယ�။

“၂၂-၈-၂၀၂၀ �န�မ�� ခ���င��က��မရ�င�အဖ��� အတ�င���ရ�မ�� �ခ�င���ဆ�င��ပ��ရင� �က��မရ�င�အဖ���ဝင��တ�က က��န���က�� �ပည��ထ�င�စ��က��မရ�င�ဆ�က စ��ရ�က�လ�တယ� ၂၁ ရက��န�စ��န��ဆ���ပ���တ��။ က�န��တ��က အ�ဒ�စ�က��လည�� �ကည��ခ�င��မရဘ��။ စ�အမ�တ�က��လည�� မ�ပ�ဘ��။ သ�တ���ကပ� ဖတ��ပတယ�။ အ�ဒ�စ�ထ�မ�� ဘ�ပ�လ�ဆ���တ�� ၂၀၁၈ ခ���စ� �မလမ�� ဗ��လ�မ�� �အ�င��မင��စ���၊ ဦ�ဖ���စံရ��သ��ဟ� ခ�င��မ��ပ�က�က�က��ပ�� တပ�န�� ကင��က���နတ��အတ�က� ဆက�လက�စ�ံစမ��စစ��ဆ�ရ� �အ�အ ရက� ��င��တပ��တ��ထံ �ရ�က�ရ���နတယ�လ���

Page 22 of 30

သ�ရ��ရတ��အတ�က� ဦ�ဖ���စံဟ� �ရ���က�က�ပ��ဥပ�ဒပ�ဒ�မ-၁၀(ဎ)န�� �င�စ�န��တယ�ဆ���ပ�� က�န��တ��က�� စ�ပ�စ��ခ�က�ပ� လ�တ�က�� �တ��ရတယ�ဗ�”

ဦ�ဖ���စံရ��သ�� က���အ�င��မင��စ���ဟ� �မန�မ�စစ�တပ�ထ�က�� ၂ဝဝ၂ မ�� ဝင��ရ�က�ခ��တ��ဖစ��ပ��၊ ဗ��လ�မ��အဆင��ထ� တ�ဝန�ယ�ခ��ရသ��ဖစ�ပ�တယ�။ အ�ဒ�အခ��န�ကတည��က ဖခင�န�� အဆက�အသ�ယ� �ပတ��နတ��ဖစ�တ�� ဗ��လ�မ���ဟ�င�� �အ�င��မင��စ���ဟ� AA ထ�က�� �ရ�က��နတယ�ဆ��တ� �က��မရ�င���ပ�မ� တရ��ဝင� သ�ရ��က�င��၊ သ��န�� အဆက� အသ�ယ�မရ��ခ��တ���က�င�� ဒ�ပ�ဒ�မန�� မ�င�စ�န����က�င���တ�က�� တ�ံ��ပန�ခ��တယ�လ��� ဦ�ဖ���စံက ��ပ�ပ�တယ�။

�ပည�နယ� �ရ���က�က�ပ���က��မရ�င�ထံ အယ�ခံဝင�လ����က�င����ပ�ဆ��ရ�မ�� �ပည��ထ�င�စ� �ရ���က�က�ပ���က�� မရ�င�က ပ���လ�တ��စ��ဖစ�လ��� �ပည�နယ�အဆင��န�� ��ဖရ�င�����င�မ�� မဟ�တ���က�င�� �က��က��ဖ�ခ���င� �ရ���က�က�ပ�� �က��မရ�င� တ�ဝန�ရ��သ��တ�က တ�ံ��ပန�ခ��တယ�လ���လည�� ဦ�ဖ���စံက ��ပ�ပ�တယ�။

ဒ���က�င�� ဦ�ဖ���စံက �ပည��ထ�င�စ� �ရ���က�က�ပ���က��မရ�င�ထံ လ�ပ�မ��ပ�� �သဂ�တ�လ ၂၄ ရက��န�မ�� အယ�ခံ �လ��က�ထ��ခ��ပ�တယ�။ �ပည��ထ�င�စ� �ရ���က�က�ပ���က��မရ�င�ရ�� အ��က�င���ပန�စ�ထ�မ���တ�� ဦ�ဖ���စံဟ� �ရ���က�က�ပ��ဥပ�ဒပ�ဒ�မ ၁ဝ (ဎ) န�� �င�စ�န��သ��ဖစ���က�င�� �ပည�ထ��ရ�ဝန��က��ဌ�နက စ�စစ���ပ��က�� လ�တ��အတ�က� ခ���င��ရ���က�က�ပ���က��မရ�င�အဖ���ခ��က ပယ�ခ�ဖ��� ဆ�ံ��ဖတ�ခ��တ�လ��� �ဖ���ပထ��ပ�တယ�။

ဒ��အ�ပင� ဦ�ဖ���စံအ�နန�� သတ�မ�တ�က�လ�ဖစ�တ�� တစ�ပတ�အတ�င��မ�� �ပည�နယ��ရ���က�က�ပ�� �က��မရ�င�ထံ အယ�ခံမဝင�ခ��တ���က�င�� ခ���င��က��မရ�င�အဖ���ခ��ရ�� မ�လဆ�ံ��ဖတ�ခ�က�ဟ� အတည��ဖစ�တယ�လ���လည�� �သဂ�တ�လ ၂၇ ရက��န� ရက�စ��န�� အ��က�င���ပန�စ�မ�� �ဖ���ပထ��ပ�တယ�။

ဒ�က�စ�န��ပတ�သက��ပ�� �က��က��ဖ�ခ���င� �ရ���က�က�ပ���က��မရ�င� ဥက�� ဦ�တင�ထ�န��က�တ��

“အ�ဒ��တ�က���တ�� က�န��တ�� မ��ပ����င�ဘ��ခင�ဗ�။ ဒ�က ဗဟ��က�နလ�တ�။ အ�ဒ�က�� ��ပ�လ���မရဘ��ခင�ဗ�”

�သဂ�တ�လ ၂၁ ရက��န� ရက�စ��န�� ထ�တ��ပန�ခ��တ�� ခ���င��က��မရ�င�ရ��အမ�န��စ�က�� က�ယကံရ�င�လက�ထ� တရ��ဝင� �ပ�အပ�ဖ���အတ�က� �က��က��ဖ�ခ���င� �ရ���က�က�ပ�� �က��မရ�င���ံ�က�� ဦ�ဖ���စံက ဒ��န� စ��ရ�တင��ပခ��န�မ��လည�� ���င�ငံ�တ��သမ�တဆ� စ�ပ����တ�င��ရင��တ�င� မ�ပ����င���က�င�� �ငင��လ��က�တယ�လ��� ဦ�ဖ���စံက ��ပ�ပ�တယ�။

ဦ�ဖ���စံက�� စ�ပ�စ���ပ�� ပယ�ခ�ခ��တ�� တ��င���ဒသ�က�� ဒ�မ�မဟ�တ� �ပည�နယ�လ�တ��တ�� �ရ���က�က�ပ��ဥပ�ဒ ပ�ဒ�မ - ၁ဝ (ဎ) မ�� တည�ဆ�ဥပ�ဒတရပ�ရပ�အရ မတရ��အသင��အ�ဖစ� ��ကည�ခံထ��ရတ�� အဖ���အစည��၊ အ�ကမ��ဖက� လ�ပ�ရပ��တ�က�� က���လ�န�တယ�လ��� ���င�ငံ�တ��က သတ�မ�တ�ထ��တ�� အဖ���အစည��န�� ပ�ဂ� ��လ��တ�၊ ���င�ငံ�တ��က�� လက�နက�က��င�ဆန��က�င��နတ�� �သ�င��က�န��သ� အဖ���အစည���တ� ဒ�မ�မဟ�တ� အ�ဒ�အဖ���အစည��ဝင��တ�န�� ဆက�သ�ယ���က�င�� ခ��င�လ�ံတ�� အ�ထ�က�အထ��ရ��သ�ဟ� �ရ���က�က�ပ��မ�� �ရ���က�က�တင���မ�က�ပ��င�ခ�င�� မရ���စရလ��� �ပဌ�န��ထ��တ�ပ�။

ANP ပ�တ� ��ပ��ရ�ဆ��ခ�င��ရ��သ�က�တ�� တရ��လ�တ��တ�� �ရ���န �ဒ��အ���စ�န�က�တ�� ဦ�ဖ���စံဟ� လက�ရ��မ�� တရ��ဝင� �ပည�နယ�လ�တ��တ�� က��ယ�စ��လ�ယ� တစ�ဦ�လည���ဖစ�တ���က�င�� �က��မရ�င�ရ�� စ�ပ�စ��ခ�က�ဟ� က������က�င��ဆ��လ���မ� မရ��ဘ��လ��� ��ပ�ပ�တယ�။

“စ�ပ�စ��ခံရသ�ရ��သ��တစ��ယ�က�ဟ� �အ�အ ရက� ��င��တပ��တ��မ�� ရ���နတယ�ဆ��တ��အ��က�င����က�င�� အခ�လ�မယ�� ၂၀၂၀ �ရ���က�က�ပ�� က��ယ�စ��လ�ယ��လ�င�� မ�ဖစ�ထ��က�ဘ��ဆ��ရင� သ�ဟ� အခ�လက�ရ���ပည�နယ� လ�တ��တ��က��ယ�စ��လ�ယ��ဖစ�ပ�တယ�။ လ�တ��တ��က��ယ�စ��လ�ယ� တရ��ဝင��ဖစ��နသမ� က�လပတ�လ�ံ� ဒ�က�စ�ဟ� သ��ရ��က�စ�ဟ� သ�န��ဘ�မ�မ�င�စ�န��ဘ��ဆ��တ�� ခ��င�လ�ံတ�� အ�ထ�က�အထ���ဖစ�ပ�တယ�။ အ��တ�� လက�ရ��မ�� လ�တ��တ�� က��ယ�စ��လ�ယ�တစ��ယ�က�ဟ� ဥပ�ဒန��မ�င�စ�န��ဘ� တရ��ဝင�ရပ�တည����င�ရ��သ��န�� လ�မယ�� �ရ���က�က�ပ��အတ�က� က��ယ�စ��လ�ယ��လ�င���ဖစ�ဖ��� က��ယ�စ��လ�ယ��ဖစ�ဖ���ရ�အတ�က��တ�� ဒ�ဥပ�ဒန���င�စ�န��တယ�ဆ��တ�ဟ� ယ�ဆခ�က�၊ ထင��မင�ခ�က��ဖစ��ပ���တ�� ခ��င�လ�ံတ��၊ က������က�င��ဆ��လ���တ�� အခ�က�အလက� မ�ဖစ����င�ဘ��လ��� က�န�မတ���ပ�တ�က ယ�ဆပ�တယ�” Page 23 of 30

�ပည�တ�င�� လ��အခ�င��အ�ရ� လ�ပ�ရ����ရ�အဖ���တစ�ဖ����ဖစ�တ�� ည�မ��ခင���မန�မ�အဖ��� ဒ����က�တ� ဦ��အ�င�မ����မင��က သ���ဖစ�သ� လက�နက�က��င�အဖ���ထ��ရ�က��နလ��� သ��ရ��မ�သ��စ�က�� အ����င��အယ�က��ပ�တယ�ဆ��တ� စစ�အစ���ရ လက�ထက�ကပင� အစ��အဆက�လ�ပ�လ�တ�� လ�ပ��ဆ�င�ခ�က��ဖစ�တယ�လ��� �ဝဖန�ပ�တယ�။

“သ��တစ��ယ�က�က လက�နက�က��င�အဖ���ထ�မ�� ရ��တ��အတ�က�မ���လ��� အ�ဖက�� ဆက�သ�ယ�တယ�လ����တ�� က�န��တ��တ��� ��ပ�လ���မရပ�ဘ��။ ဒ�က အစ��အဆက� စစ�အစ���ရ လက�ထက�ကတည��က က�န��တ��တ��� �က�ံ�တ���နရတ�� အခက�အခ�တစ�ခ��ဖစ�ပ�တယ�။ ဥပမ� က�န��တ��တ��� ၈၈ အတ�င��မ�� �တ�ခ��လ�တ�� �က��င��သ���တ� သ�တ��� �တ�ခ��သ���တ��အတ�က���က�င��မ���လ��� မ�သ��စ�တစ�ခ�လ�ံ�က�� အစ��အဆက� ���ပ�စက�တ�၊ အ����င��အယ�က��ပ�တ�� အစ��အလ�ရ��ပ�တယ�။ အ��တ�� �သ��သ��ဆ��တ� မ�တ��လ���က မရပ�ဘ��။ �တ���ပ��သ��ပ�။ ဒ��ပမ�� အ�ဒ�အ�ပ�မ�� အ��ခခံ�ပ���တ�� ဆက�သ�ယ�၊ ဒ�မ�မဟ�တ� အ���ပ��ထ�က�ခံတယ�ဆ��တ�� �က�က�ခ�က�က�တ�� အရင�အစ���ရ ပ�ံစံအတ��င���ဖစ�တ��အတ�က� ဒ�ထက�ပ��မ���ပ���တ�� တ�က��သ� ဆက�သ�ယ�မ� ရ��တယ�ဆ��တ�� အ�ထ�က�အထ�� ခ��င�ခ��င�လ�ံလ�ံန�� လ�ပ��ဆ�င��ပ�ဖ��� လ��အပ�ပ�တယ�။ သံသယတစ�ခ�န��၊ �သ��သ�� �တ��စပ�မ� တစ�ခ�န�� ဒ�က�� က�န��တ��တ��� သံသယအက����က�� ခံစ��ခ�င��မရ��တ�က�တ�� �သခ��ပ�တယ�ခင�ဗ�”

လ�တ��တ��က��ယ�စ��လ�ယ��လ�င�� အမည�စ�ရင��တင�သ�င��ဖ��� အခ��န�မမ��တ��တ��အတ�က� ဦ�ဖ���စံသ� ယ����ပ ��င�ခ�င�� မရခ��ရင� ရခ��င�အမ����သ��ပ�တ�အ�နန�� က��ယ�စ��လ�ယ��လ�င��တစ�ဦ� လစ�လပ�သ���မ���ဖစ�ပ�တယ�။

ရခ��င�အမ����သ��ပ�တ�က ဦ�ဖ���စံအ�ပ� စ�ပ�စ��ခ�က�ဟ� ထင��မင�ယ�ဆခ�က�သ��ဖစ��ပ�� ခ��င�လ�ံ�ပ��က������က�င�� ဆ��လ���မ� မရ��တ��အတ�က� ပ�တ�အ�နန�� က��ယ�စ��လ�ယ��လ�င�အ�ဖစ� ဆက�လက�ယ����ပ ��င�ခ�င��ရရ���ရ� ဆက�လက��က ���ပမ��သ���မယ�လ��� ��ပ�ပ�တယ�။

ရခ��င��ပည�နယ� �ရ���က�က�ပ���က��မရ�င�က �သဂ�တ�လ ၁၁ ရက��န� ထ�တ��ပန�ခ�က�အရ လ�မယ�� ���ဝင�ဘ�လမ�� က�င��ပမယ�� ပ�တ�စ�ံ အ�ထ��ထ��ရ���က�က�ပ��မ�� ရခ��င��ပည�နယ�အတ�င��မ��ရ��တ�� �ပည�နယ�လ�တ��တ��၊ �ပည�သ�� လ�တ��တ��၊ အမ����သ��လ�တ��တ��န�� ခ�င��တ��င��ရင��သ�� လ�မ����စ�မ�ဆ��နယ� စတ��တ�မ�� ဝင��ရ�က�ယ����ပ ��င�ဖ��� အမည�စ�ရင��တင�သ�င��ထ��သ�ဟ� ၃၈၆ ဦ�အထ� ရ��ခ��ပ�တယ�။

https://www.rfa.org/burmese/news/kyaukphyu-candidate-08312020091349.html

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တပ�မ�တ��တ�င� ဗ��လ�မ��တ�ဝန�ထမ���ဆ�င�ခ���ပ�� AA အဖ���သ��� �ရ�က�ရ��သ����ခင����က�င�� ၎င��၏ဖခင��ဖစ�သ� လက�ရ�� ရခ��င��ပည�နယ� လ�တ��တ��က��ယ�စ��လ�ယ�အ�� ၂၀၂၀ �ရ���က�က�ပ��ဝင��ရ�က�မည�� က��ယ�စ��လ�ယ��လ�င��အ�ဖစ�မ� �ပည��ထ�င�စ��ရ���က�က�ပ���က��မရ�င� ပယ�ဖ�က�

Published 31 August 2020 | သန��လ�င�

တပ�မ�တ��တ�င� ဗ��လ�မ��တ�ဝန�ထမ���ဆ�င�ခ���ပ�� AA အဖ���သ�ုိ� �ရ�က�ရ��သ����ခင����က�င�� ၎င��၏ဖခင��ဖစ�သ� လက�ရ�� �ပည�နယ� လ�တ��တ��က��ယ�စ��လ�ယ� ဦ�ဖ���စံမ�� �ရ���က�က�ပ��ဝင��ရ�က�ရန� အမည�စ�ရင��တင� သ�င��ခ���သ��လည�� �ရ���က�က�ပ���က��မရ�င�က လ�တ��တ��က��ယ�စ��လ�ယ��လ�င��အ�ဖစ� မ� ပယ�ဖ�က�ခ����က�င�� သ�ရသည�။

ရခ��င��ပည�နယ� �က��က��ဖ��မ ���နယ� အမ�တ� (၂) မ�ဆ��နယ�မ� ရခ��င�အမ����သ��ပ�တ� က��ယ�စ���ပ�၍ ဝင��ရ�က�ယ����ပ ��င�ရန� အမည� စ�ရင��တင�သ�င��ထ��သည�� က��ယ�စ��လ�ယ��လ�င��၏သ���ဖစ�သ� ဗ��လ�မ�� �အ�င��မင��စ���မ�� လ�န�ခ��သည�� ၂၀၁၈ ��စ�က တပ�မ�တ����င�� အဆက�အသ�ယ��ပတ�သ����ပ���န�က� AA အဖ���ထ�သ��� �ရ�က�ရ��သ���သ�ဖင�� ၎င��၏ဖခင��ဖစ�သ� ဦ�ဖ���စံမ��

Page 24 of 30

�ရ���က�က�ပ��ဥပ�ဒပ�ဒ�မ ၁၀ (ဎ) �ဖင�� �င�စ�န��သည�ဟ�ဆ��က� လ�တ��တ��က��ယ�စ��လ�ယ��လ�င��အမည�စ�ရင��တင� သ�င��ထ��မ�မ� ပယ�ဖ�က�ခံရ��က�င�� သ�ရသည�။

ဦ�ဖ���စံသည� ရခ��င�အမ����သ��ပ�တ�မ� �ပည�နယ�လ�တ��တ��က��ယ�စ��လ�ယ�အ�ဖစ� ၂၀၁၅ ခ���စ��ရ���က�က�ပ��တ�င� �က��က��ဖ� �မ ���နယ� အမ�တ� (၂) မ�ဆ��မ� ဝင��ရ�က�ယ��� �ပ ��င�အ���င�ရရ��ခ��သ�တစ�ဦ��ဖစ��ပ�� လက�ရ��တ�င�လည�� လ�တ��တ��က��ယ�စ��လ�ယ�တစ�ဦ��ဖစ�သည�။

“ခ���င�မ���ရ� �ပည�နယ�မ�� ဘ�မ� ကန��က�က�မ�မရ��တ��အတ�က� �ပည��ထ�င�စ�က�� တင� လ��က�တယ�။ အ�ဒ�က�� ၂၀၂၀ �ပည����စ� �သဂ�တ� ၂၇ ရက�စ��န�� �ပည��ထ�င�စ��ရ���က�က�ပ�� �က��မရ�င�က�န က�န��တ��က�� လ�တ��တ�� က��ယ�စ��လ�ယ��လ�င��အ�ဖစ�က ပယ�ဖ�က� တယ�ဆ���ပ�� အ�ဒ�သလ�� စ��ရ�က�လ�ပ�တယ� ခင�ဗ��။ အ�ဒ�စ�မ�� ဘ�ပ�လ�သလ�ဆ��ရင� �ရ���က�က�ပ�� ဥပ�ဒ ပ�ဒ�မ ၁၀ (ဎ)န�� �င�စ�န�� �နတယ�ဆ��တ��အ��က�င��က�� �ပည�ထ��ရ�ဝန� �က��ဌ�နမ� ခ���င��ရ���က�က�ပ�� �က��မရ�င�က�� စ�ပ���တယ�။ အ�ဒ�စ��ရ�က���က�င��က�� သ�တ��� က ဖတ��ပတယ�။ အ�ဒ�ဖတ��ပတ��စ�ထ�မ���တ�� ၂၀၁၈ ခ���စ� �မလမ�� ဦ�ဖ���စံ၏သ�� အမ�တ� ၇၃ သံခ�ပ�က�တပ�ရင��မ�� တ�ဝန�ထမ�� �ဆ�င��နစ�� တပ���င��ကင��က���ပ�� ခ�င��မ��ပ�က� က�က��ဖစ��နတယ�။ �န�က��ပ�� �ပည�ထ��ရ�ဝန� �က��ဌ�နက ဆက�လက�စ�ံစမ��တ��အခ�မ�� AA က���ရ�က��နတယ�လ��� သ�ရ��ရတယ�။ ဒ���က�င�� ဦ�ဖ���စံဟ� �ရ���က�က�ပ�� ဥပ�ဒ ပ�ဒ�မ ၁၀ (ဎ) န�� �င�စ�န���နတယ�ဆ���ပ��ပ�တယ�။ အ�ဒ�လ�� ဖတ��ပတယ�” ဟ� ဦ�ဖ���စံက ��ပ��က��သည�။

သ���ရ�တ�င� သ���ဖစ�သ� ဗ��လ�မ���အ�င��မင��စ���မ�� �နအ�မ�က ထ�က�သ���သည�မ�� ၂၀၀၂ ခ���စ�ကတည��က�ဖစ���က�င��၊ �နအ�မ���င��လည�� အဆက�အသ�ယ�မရ����က�င��၊ ဗ��လ�မ���ဖစ��န�ပ�ဟ�သ� သ�ရ��က�င��၊ အ�မ��ထ�င�စ� စ�ရင��ထ�တ�င�လည�� အမည�မရ���တ����က�င��၊ အဆက�အသ�ယ�လည�� မရ����က�င�� ၎င��ကဆ��သည�။

“တပ�မ�တ��သ��တစ�ဦ�သ��ဖစ�တယ�။ အ�ဒ�က�န ဘယ�လ���ပဿန��ဖစ�လည�� က�န��တ��လည��မသ�ဘ��။ AA ထ��ရ�က�သ���တ�လည�� က�န��တ��မသ�ဘ��။ ဒ���က�င�� က�န��တ��က�တ�� �ပည��ထ�င�စ�က�� စ�တင� ထ��တယ�။ က��ဗစ�က�လ သ���လ��ရ�အဆင� မ��ပတ���က�င�� စ�တ��က�က�န စ�ပ���ထ��ပ� တယ�” ဟ� ဦ�ဖ���စံက ��ပ��က��သည�။

ယင��အ�ပင� လ�တ��တ��က��ယ�စ��လ�ယ� တစ�ဦ�အ�န�ဖင�� မ�မ�တ�ဝန�က���က�ပ�န�စ�� ထမ�� �ဆ�င��နသ�တစ�ဦ� �ဖစ�က� သ���ဖစ�သ� AA သ����ရ�က�ရ��သ����ခင��မ�� မ�မ���င��မည�သ���မ� သက�ဆ��င��ခင��မရ����က�င��၊ ဆက�လက��ပ�� လ�တ��တ��က��ယ�စ��လ�ယ�လ�ပ�ငန��မ���က�� �ပည�သ�မ�����င��လက�တ���ပ�� လ�ပ��ဆ�င�ရ�က� ရန�သ� ဆ��ရ����က�င��လည�� ��ပ��က��သည�။

“ထပ��ပ����ပ�ခ�င�တ�က�တ�� လ�တ� �တ��က��ယ�စ��လ�ယ�တစ�ဦ�အ�နန�� �က��က� �ဖ��မ ���နယ�မ�ဆ��ရ�င��တ�ရ�� က��ယ�စ��လ�ယ�အ တ�က��သ��လည���က�င��၊ ပ�တ�အ�နန���သ�� လည���က�င�� က�န��တ��တ���မ�� မ�ပ��ဆ�ံ��သ� တ�� ဖက�ဒရယ�ဒ�မ��က�ရစ� သမ�တ���င�ငံ�တ��က�� အ�ရ�က�သ���ခ�င�တယ�။ က�န��တ��တ���လ��ခ�င� တ�� က��ယ�ပ��င�အ�ပ�ခ��ပ�ခ�င��ရ�ပည�နယ�က��လည�� ရ�အ�င�သ���ခ�င�ပ�တယ�” ဟ� ဦ�ဖ���စံက ��ပ��က��သည�။

ပ�ဒ�မ ၁၀ (ဎ)တ�င� တည�ဆ�ဥပ�ဒတစ� ရပ�ရပ�အရ မတရ��အသင��အ�ဖစ���ကည� �ခင�� ခံထ��ရ�သ�အဖ���အစည��၊ အ�ကမ��ဖက� လ�ပ�ရပ�မ���က�� က���လ�န�သည�ဟ� ���င�ငံ�တ�� က သတ�မ�တ�ထ���သ�အဖ���အစည����င�� ပ�ဂ� ��လ�မ���၊ ���င�ငံ�တ��အ�� လက�နက�က��င� ဆန��က�င��န�သ� �သ�င��က�န�သ�အဖ���အ စည��မ��� (သ���မဟ�တ�) ယင��အဖ���ဝင�မ�����င�� ဆက�သ�ယ���က�င�� ခ��င�လ�ံ�သ�သက��သအ �ထ�က�အထ��ရ��သ�ဟ� �ပ��န��ထ��သည�။

https://news-eleven.com/article/190100

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Page 25 of 30

အမ���မ ���နယ�၌ က��ယ�ထ�လက��ရ�က�က���လ�န�ခ��တ�� စစ�သည� ၁ ဦ�က�� အ�ရ�ယ�မည�

By DVB | 31 August 2020

ရခ��င��ပည�နယ�၊ အမ���မ ���နယ�မ�� အရပ�သ��လ�ငယ� တစ�ဦ�န�� အခ�င��မ����ပ�� က��ယ�ထ�လက��ရ�က� က���လ�န�ခ��တ�� စစ�သည�တစ�ဦ�က�� စစ�စည��ကမ��အရ အ�ရ�ယ�သ���မယ�လ��� တပ�မ�တ��က ဒ�က�န� သတင��ထ�တ��ပန�ပ�တယ�။

အမ��တပ�နယ�အတ�င�� လ�ံ�ခ�ံ�ရ�တ�ဝန�ထမ���ဆ�င��နတ�� တပ�မ�တ��သ���တ�ဟ� ဩဂ�တ� ၂၈ ရက�က တ���မစ�နယ���မ ဟင��ရ�က�ဆည�ဝင��ပ�က�လမ��အန��မ�� အရပ�သ��တစ�ဦ�က�� �တ��ရ�� �မ��မန��ခ��ရ� အမ���မ ���နယ�၊ ပ�����တ��က��ရ���န �မ�င�ည�ည�စ��� �ဖစ���က�င�� သ�ရ��ရ�ပ�� တ���မစ�နယ���မ�ဖစ�လ��� လ��ရ�က��ခင��မ�ပ�ဖ��� ��ပ�ဆ��ရ�က �မ�င�ည�ည�စ���ရ�� အမ�အရ�အရ န��လည�မ�လ��က� အ�ပန�အလ�န� စက��မ����ပ�� ခ��က�ရန��ဖစ�ပ���ခ��လ��� �မ�င�ည�ည�စ��� ရ��ဝ�ဘက�ပ�� ပ�န��ပ��ဒဏ�ရ�ရရ��ခ��တယ�လ��� ဆ��ပ�တယ�။

ဒ��ဖစ�ရပ�က�� တပ�ရင��မ�တ�ဝန�ရ��သ��တ�က သ�ရ��ခ���ပ���န�က� �မ�င�ည�ည�စ���န�� မ�ဘ�တ�၊ ရပ�မ�ရပ�ဖ�တ�က�� �တ��ဆ�ံ �တ�င��ပန�စက����ပ��က���ပ�� �ဆ�ဝ��က�သ���င�ဖ��� ပထမအ�က�မ� �င�က�ပ� ၃ဝ၀၀၀န�� ဒ�တ�ယအ�က�မ� �င�က�ပ� ၃၀၀၀၀၀ အ��လည���က�င�� �ထ�က�ပံ��ပ�ခ��တယ�လ��� ဆ��ပ�တယ�။

က��ယ�ထ�လက��ရ�က� က���လ�န�ခ��တ�� စစ�သည�အ��လ�ံ�က�� စစ�စည��ကမ��အရ အ�ရ�ယ�သ���မ���ဖစ��ပ�� တ���မစ�နယ���မ�ဖစ�လ��� �န�င�ဝင��ရ�က�မ�မရ���စ�ရ� ��ပ�ဆ��က� ��စ�ဦ���စ�ဖက� န��လည�မ�ရရ���က��အ�ခ���ပ���ဖစ�တယ�လ��� တပ�မ�တ�� သတင��မ���ဖ���ပပ�တယ�။

http://burmese.dvb.no/archives/407729

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ကရင��ပည�နယ�မ�� တ��က�ခ��က�ခံရလ��� တပ�မ�တ��သ��တခ���� �သဆ�ံ�

�အ�င�သ�ခ�၊ �က���လ�င�ဦ� | 2020-08-31

ကရင��ပည�နယ� �မဝတ� - �က��ကရ�တ�လမ���ဟ�င��က အလယ�ဗ��လ�တ�စခန��မ�� တပ�မ�တ�� ဆက�သ�ယ��ရ�တပ�က တပ�သ����စ�ဦ� မ�န�က အသတ�ခံရသလ�� သ�တ�����ပ�အ�လ�င��က�� သ����ရ�က�သယ��ဆ�င�တ�� တပ�မ�တ��သ�� တခ����လည�� မ��င��ထ��သဆ�ံ�ခ��ပ�တယ�။

ထ��င��-�မန�မ�နယ�စပ�အန�� �မဝတ�-�က��ကရ�တ�လမ���ဟ�င���ပ�က အလယ�ဗ��လ�တ�စခန��မ�� တပ�မ�တ��သ����စ�ဦ� အသတ�ခံရသလ�� သ�တ���က�� သ����ရ�က�သယ��ဆ�င�တ�� တပ�မ�တ��သ��တခ����လည�� မ��င��ထ��ပ�� �သဆ�ံ�ခ��ပ�တယ�။

��ပ�အ�လ�င��သ����ရ�က� သယ�ယ�ခ��န�မ�� မ��င���ပ�က�က��လ��� တပ�ဖ���ဝင� င���ယ�က��လ�က� �သဆ�ံ�တယ�လ��� သ�ရ��က�င�� ကရင��ပည�နယ� အစ���ရအဖ��� လ�ဝင�မ��က���ကပ��ရ�န�� လ��စ�မ��အ�� အရင��အ�မစ� ဝန��က�� ဦ�မင��က��ခ��င�က RFA က�� ��ပ�ပ�တယ�။

အသတ�ခံရသ���စ�ဦ�ဟ� ဘ��အံ�မ ���နယ� အမ�တ� ၇ ဆက�သ�ယ��ရ� တပ�ရင��က ဒ�တပ��ကပ� �မတ�မင���ဇ��န�� တပ�သ�� ည�ည�သန�� �ဖစ�ပ�တယ�။

တပ�မ�တ�� သတင��မ�န� �ပန��က���ရ�အဖ��� ဥက�� ဗ��လ�ခ��ပ� �ဇ��မင��ထ�န��က ဒ��ဖစ�ရပ�

Page 26 of 30

�ပ��ပ�က�ခ����က�င�� အတည��ပ��ပမယ�� �သဆ�ံ�တ�� အ�ရအတ�က� အတ�အက�က���တ�� ထ�တ��ဖ����ပ�ဆ���ခင�� မရ��ပ�ဘ��။

အခ�လ�� သတ��ဖတ�သ���တ��သ��တ�န�� မ��င���ထ�င�သ���သ��တ�က�� စ�ံစမ���ဖ��ထ�တ��နတယ�လ��� ��ပ�ပ�တယ�။

ဘယ�လ�ပ�ဂ� ��လ�၊ ဘယ�အဖ���အစည��က က���လ�န�သ���တယ� ဆ��တ�က���တ�� တပ�မ�တ��ဘက�က မ�တ�ခ�က��ပ� ��ပ�တ�မ���� မရ��ပ�ဘ��။ တ��က�ခ��က�သတ��ဖတ�မ��ဖစ�ပ���တ�� �နရ�ဟ� �မဝတ� - �က��ကရ�တ� က��လမ���ဟ�င�� မ��ရ��တ�� စခန��ငယ�တစ�ခ��ဖစ��ပ�� ဆက�သ�ယ��ရ� စခန��အတ�င��က ဆ��လ��ပ���တ�န�� အ�ခ��ပစ�ည���တ� ဖ�က�ဆ��ခံ လ��က�ရပ�တယ�။

RFA က အခ�က�အလက� အတ�အက�သ�ရဖ��� အ�ရ���တ�င�တ��င�� စစ�ဌ�နခ��ပ�က�� ဆက�သ�ယ��မ��မန��ခ��န�မ�� ��ပ��ရ�ဆ��ခ�င��ရ��သ� ဗ��လ�မ�� �မ�င��မ�င�လတ�က သ�ခ�င��ယ�ထ��ခ��န��ဖစ�တ��အတ�က� လက�ရ��အ��က�င��အရ�က�� မသ�ရ�သ�ဘ��လ��� တ�ံ��ပန�ပ�တယ�။

�က��ကရ�တ�အ��ခစ��က� စစ�ဗ��ဟ�မ��က�� ဆက�လက�ဆက�သ�ယ��ပမယ�� ဖ�န��လက�ခံ��ဖ�က��တ� မရ��ပ�ဘ��။ �က��ကရ�တ��မ ���နယ� ရ�တပ�ဖ���က�� RFA က ဆက�သ�ယ� �မ��မန��ရ�မ���တ�� ရ�အရ�ရ�� အစည��အ�ဝ� တက��နတ�� အတ�က� �မ��မန��ခ�င�� မရခ��ပ�ဘ��။

တပ�မ�တ�� အရ�ရ���ဟ�င�� ���င�ငံ�ရ��လ�လ� သ�ံ�သပ�သ� �ဒ�က�တ��အ�င�မ����က ဒ�က�စ�ဟ� �ပစ�မ�ဆ��င�ရ�အရ လ�သတ�မ���မ�က�တ��အတ�က� တပ�မ�တ��အ�နန�� အမ�ဖ�င��ဖ��� လ��အပ�တယ�လ��� ��ပ�ပ�တယ�။

တပ�သ����စ�ဦ� သတ��ဖတ�ခံလ��က�ရတ�� �မဝတ� - �က��ကရ�တ�နယ���မဟ� အစ���ရန�� တစ����င�ငံလ�ံ� ပစ�ခတ�တ��က� ခ��က�မ� ရပ�စ��ရ�စ�ခ��ပ� ခ��ပ�ဆ��ထ��တ�� ကရင�လက�နက�က��င� အဖ���အစည���တ�ရ��တ�� �နရ��ဖစ�ပ�တယ�။

�ပ��ခ��တ����စ�က�န�ပ��င��ကလည�� DKBA အဖ���က တပ�ရင��မ��တစ�ဦ�ဟ� �နအ�မ�မ��ရ��စ�� ဝင��ရ�က�ပစ�ခံခ��ရ�ပ�� �သဆ�ံ�ခ��သလ�� က��ံဒ����မ ���မ�� လ�ံ�ခ�ံ�ရ�ကင��လ�ည���နတ�� ရ�က��က�� ဆ��င�ကယ�စ��လ�သ�တခ����က လက�ဗစ�ဗ�ံ�န�� တ��က�ခ��က�ခ��တ���က�င�� ရ�တပ�ဖ���ဝင� သ�ံ�ဦ�န�� အရပ�သ��တစ�ဦ� �သဆ�ံ�ခ��ပ�တယ�။

�ပ��ခ��တ��လပ��င��ကလည�� �က��ကရ�တ�ရ�စခန���ရ��မ�� လက�ဗစ�ဗ�ံ�န�� ပစ�ခတ�ခံရတ���က�င�� အရပ�သ��တခ���� ထ�ခ��က�ဒဏ�ရ�ရခ���ပ�� ဒ��န�အခ��န�ထ� က���လ�န�သ��တ�က�� �ဖ��ထ�တ�အ�ရ�ယ����င�တ� မရ���သ�ပ�ဘ��။

�မဝတ�န�� �က��ကရ�တ��မ ���နယ��တ�မ�� �သနတ�န��ပစ�ခတ� လ�ပ��ကံခံရတ�၊ လက�ပစ�ဗ�ံ�န�� တ��က�ခ��က�ခံရတ��တ� မ�က�ခဏဆ��သလ�� �ဖစ��လ�ရ��ပ�တယ�။

https://www.rfa.org/burmese/news/thai-myanmar-border-kill-some-soldiers-08312020061520.html

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ပစ�သတ�ခံရ�သ� တပ�မ�တ��သ�� ၂ ဦ�၏ အ�လ�င��အ�� သယ�ယ�စ�� ဗ�ံ��ပ�က�၍ ၃ ဦ� ထပ�မံ�သဆ�ံ��ပ�� ၅ ဦ� ဒဏ�ရ�ရ

�သဂ�တ� ၃၁ ရက�၊ ၂၀၂၀ �ပည����စ�။ �န�န��

ကရင��ပည�နယ� �မဝတ�-�က��ကရ�တ�က��လမ���ဟ�င�� အလယ�ဘ��တ�အန�� ဓမ�ံ�အ�င��တ�င�က�န��ဆက�သ�ယ� �ရ�စခန��ရ�� လ�ံ�ခ�ံ�ရ��ဆ�င�ရ�က��နသည�� တပ�မ�တ��သ����စ�ဦ�မ�� ဩဂ�တ�လ ၃၀ရက��န� နံနက� ၂န�ရ�ခ��အခ��န�ခန�� က ပစ�သတ�ခံရ�ပ�� ၎င��တ���၏ ��ပ�အ�လ�င��အ�� သယ�ယ�စ�� မ��င���ပ�က�က��မ���က�င�� တပ�မ�တ��သ�� ၃ဦ� ထပ�မံ �သဆ�ံ��ပ�� ၅ဦ�ထပ�မံဒဏ�ရ�ရရ��ခ����က�င�� သ�ရသည�။

Page 27 of 30

ဩဂ�တ�လ ၃၀ရက��န� နံနက� ၈န�ရ�ခ��န�ခန��က အမ�တ�(၇)ဆက�သ�ယ��ရ�တပ� (ဘ��အံ)မ� ဗ��လ��က��လ�င�မ����ထ��က� ဦ�စ��အဖ���သည� �က��ကရ�တ��မ ���နယ�၊ �က��ကရ�တ�-�မဝတ� က��လမ���ဟ�င���ပ�ရ�� အလယ�ဘ��တ�အန�� ဓမ�ံ�အ�င� �တ�င�က�န��ရ�� ဆက�သ�ယ��ရ�စခန����င�� ဆက�သ�ယ�မ� မရရ��သ�ဖင�� �မဝတ��မ ���နယ�၊ သဃ�န��ည��န�င� တံတ��က���� �က��ရ��အန��တစ�ဝ��က�တ�င� အ��ခ�ပ��နသည�� အမ�တ� (၃၁၀)��ခ�မန� တပ�ရင��မ� ဒ�ရင��မ�� ဗ��လ�မ��မင��သ�န�� ဦ�စ�� တပ�စ�တ�(၁)စ�တ���င��အတ� ဓမ�ံ�အ�င��တ�င�က�န��သ��� သ����ရ�က�စစ��ဆ�ခ��သည�။

ထ���တ�င�က�န��သ��� နံနက� ၉န�ရ�အခ��န�ခန��တ�င� �ရ�က�ရ���ပ�� �တ�င�က�န��၌ OTA Station လ�ံ�ခ�ံ�ရ��ဆ�င�ရ�က��န သည�� အမ�တ�(၇) ဆက�သ�ယ��ရ�တပ�မ� ဒ�တပ��ကပ��မတ�မင���ဇ����င�� တပ�သ��ည�ည�သန��တ�����စ�ဦ� �သဆ�ံ�ခ��သည�က�� �တ��ရ��ခ��သည�။

ထ����န�က� ည�န ၅န�ရ�အခ��န�ခန��တ�င� �က��ကရ�တ�-�မဝတ�က�� လမ���ဟ�င���ပ�ရ�� �သနတ��ဖင��ပစ�ခတ�၍ �သဆ�ံ� သ���သ� ဒ�တပ��ကပ� �မတ�မင���ဇ����င�� တပ�သ��ည�ည�သန��တ���၏ အ�လ�င��အ�� အမ�တ� (၃၁၀) ��ခ�မန� တပ�ရင��မ� တပ�ရင��မ�� ဒ�ဗ��လ�မ���က��သန��ဝင�����င� ဦ�စ��စစ���က�င����င�� �က��ကရ�တ�ခ���င�ရ�တပ�ဖ���မ�� ဒ�ရ�မ���က���ပည��စ�ံ�အ�င� ဦ�စ��တပ�ဖ���ဝင�မ���ပ���ပ�င��၍ သ����ရ�က�၍ သယ�ယ�ရန� ဒ�တပ��ကပ� �မတ�မင���ဇ��၏ အ�လ�င��အ�� တစ�ဖက�သ���လ�န�စ�� အ�လ�င���အ�က�မ� လက�ပစ�ဗ�ံ�ဟ�ယ�ဆရသည�� ပစ�ည��တစ�ခ�မ� �ပ�က�က��မ� �ဖစ�ပ���ခ��သည�။

ထ��သ��� �ပ�က�က��မ���က�င�� အမ�တ�(၃၁၀) ��ခ�မန�တပ�ရင����င�� အမ�တ�(၇) ဆက�သ�ယ��ရ� တပ�ရင��တ���မ� ဗ��လ��က�� �ဖစ�သ� အပ�အဝင� (၃) ဦ� ထပ�မံ�သဆ�ံ��ပ�� ခမရ ၃၁၀ မ� ဒ�တပ�ရင��မ�� ဗ��လ�မ�� (၁) ဦ�အပ�အဝင� တပ�မ�တ��သ��(၄)ဦ���င�� �က��ကရ�တ��မ ���မရ�စခန��မ� ဒ�ရ�အ�ပ�(၁)ဦ� ထပ�မံ ဒဏ�ရ�ရရ��ခ����က�င�� သ�ရသည�။

http://kicnews.org/2020/08/ပစ �တ�ံ�ရသ�-တ�ပ�တ��ာ/

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ရ�သ��တ�င� �စတ��ပင�ရ��သ��တစ�ဦ� ��ခ�ထ�က�က�� က�ည�ဆံထ�မ�န�

2020-08-31

ရ�သ��တ�င��မ ���တ�င�� တ�နရ�။ Photo: Min Thein Aung/ RFA

ရခ��င��ပည�နယ� ရ�သ��တ�င��မ ���နယ� �စတ��ပင��က��ရ��မ�� ဒ��န�မနက�က ဘယ�က�န ပစ�ခတ�လ��က�တ�� က�ည�ဆံ မ�န��မသ�တ�� က�ည�ဆံတခ���� �နအ�မ�ထ�က�ခ��တ��အတ�က� အသက� ၁၈ ��စ�အရ�ယ� လ�ငယ�တစ�ဦ� ��ခ�ထ�က�က�� ထ�မ�န�ခ��တယ�လ��� �ဒသခံ�တ�က ��ပ�ပ�တယ�။

ဘယ�ကပစ�မ�န��မသ�တ�� အ�ဒ�က�ည�ဆံဟ� �နအ�မ�အမ���က���ဖ�က��ပ��က�တ���က�င�� အသက� ၁၈ ��စ� အရ�ယ� �မ�င�ဆန��လ�င��ဖ ���ရ�� ��ခ�ထ�က�က��ထ�မ�န�ခ��တယ�လ��� လ�ံ�ခ�ံ�ရ�အရ အမည�မ�ဖ��လ���တ�� �စတ��ပင� ရ��သ�� တစ�ဦ�က ��ပ�ပ�တယ�။

လက�ရ�� �မ�င�ဆန��လ�င��ဖ ���ဟ� �စတ��ပင�တ��က�နယ��ဆ���ံမ�� တတ��ရ�က��ဆ�က�သ�နတယ�လ���လည�� ��ပ�ပ�တယ�။

ဒ��န�မနက� ၁၀ န�ရ��က����လ�က�က ရ�သ��တ�င��မ ���နယ� �ရမ�က�ရ��အန�� �မယ��မစ�ထ�မ�� �ရတပ�န�� က�န���ပ� မ��ရ��တ�� AA တ��� ပစ�ခတ�မ��တ��ဖစ�ခ��တယ�လ��ိ အမ����သ��လ�တ��တ�� က��ယ�စ��လ�ယ� ဦ�ခင��မ�င�လတ�က ��ပ�ပ�တယ�။

Page 28 of 30

�ပ��ခ��တ�� ၃ ရက��လ�က�ကစ�ပ�� ပစ�ခတ�သံ�တ��က���နရက� ထ�ခ��က�ဒဏ�ရ�ရတ��တ�လည�� ရ��တယ�လ��� ဦ�ခင��မ�င�လတ�က ��ပ�ပ�တယ�။

�ပ��ခ��တ�� �သဂ�တ�လ ၂၉ ရက��န�တ�န��ကလည�� ငစံ�ဘ���က��ရ��က ဦ��အ�င��က�����န� လက��မ�င�� က�ည�ဆံ ထ�မ�န�ခ��သလ�� �သဂ�တ�လ ၂၂ ရက��န� ည ၈ န�ရ��လ�က�က �က��က�ရံ�က��ရ��ထ� လက�နက��က�� က�ည�က�တ�� အတ�က� မ�သ��စ� င��ဦ� ထ�ခ��က�ဒဏ�ရ�ရ�ပ�� ရ�သ��တ�င��ဆ���ံမ�� �ဆ�က�သမ� ခံယ��န�ကရပ�တယ�။

ဒ�က�စ�န��ပတ�သက��ပ�� တပ�မ�တ�� သတင��မ�န��ပန��က���ရ�အဖ���က ဗ��လ�ခ��ပ� �ဇ��မင��ထ�န��က�� ည�နပ��င��အထ� ဆက�သ�ယ��ပမယ�� ဆက�သ�ယ�လ��� မရပ�ဘ��။

https://www.rfa.org/burmese/news/yathedaung-villager--injure-08312020054844.html

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အသ��ပ�မ� အ��နည��သ�ဖင�� �နရပ��ပန��ရ� ဆ�ံ��ဖတ�ရခက�

သတင����င�� မ�ဒ�ယ� က�န�ရက�။ ၂၀၂၀ ခ���စ�၊ �သဂ�တ�လ ၃၁ ရက�။

အခ�က�အလက�မ��� �ပည��စ�ံစ�� မသ�ရသည��အတ�က� စစ��ဘ��ရ��င�မ��� �နရပ��ပန��ရ�က�စ� ဆ�ံ��ဖတ�ရခက��နသည�ဟ� စစ��ဘ��ရ��င�မ���က ��ပ�သည�။

ကခ�င��ပည�နယ� �မစ��က��န���မ ���ရ�� ဂ��မ��င��က�င�� RC စစ��ရ��င�စခန��မ� �ဒ�ရ�ယ�ဂ�� က စစ��ဘ��ရ��င�မ��� �န ရပ��ပန��ရ���င�� ပတ�သက��ပ�� တ�က�ခ��င�မ�သည�� ဆ�ံ��ဖတ�ခ�က� ခ����င�ရန�အတ�က� သက�ဆ��င�ရ� တ�ဝန�ရ��သ� မ���က စစ��ဘ��ရ��င�မ���အ�� ပ�င��ပ�င��လင��လင�� လ��ရ�က�ရ�င���ပရန�လ��သည� ဟ� ��ပ�သည�။

“IDP �တ� �နရပ��ပန��ရ�က�� ဘယ��လ�က�အထ� ည����င��ထ���ပ�လ� ဘယ��လ�က� အထ� သ�ဘ� တ�မ� ရရ�� ထ���ပ�လ� ဆ��တ��ဥစ��က�� အစ���ရ�တ�လ� မရ�င���ပ���င�ရင��တ�င�မ� KHCC အ�နန�� ဒ� IDP �တ�က�� ခ��ပ���င� ရင� �တ�� IDP �တ�ကလည�� ပ���ပ��မ� �နရပ��ပန�ဖ���က�� ပ���ပ��မ� ဆ�ံ��ဖတ�ခ�က� ခ��င�မ�လ����င�မယ�။”

�ပ��ခ��သည����စ�က ကခ�င��ပည�နယ�ရ�� စစ��ဘ��ရ��င�စခန��မ��� ပ�တ�သ�မ���ရ���င�� စစ��ဘ��ရ��င�မ��� �နရပ��ပန� �ရ�က�� လ�မ��ဝန�ထမ��၊ ကယ�ဆယ��ရ���င�� �ပန�လည��နရ�ခ�ထ���ရ� ဝန��က��ဌ�နမ� တ�ဝန�ရ��သ�မ���က စစ� �ဘ��ရ��င�စခန�� တ�ဝန�ခံမ���အ�� �ခ�ယ���ပ�ဆ��မ� ရ���သ��လည�� အဆ��ပ�က�စ�ရပ�မ���က�� ယခ�အခ��န�အထ� ပ�င�� လင���မင�သ�စ�� ခ��ပ�ခင�� မရ���သ� ဟ� ဆ��သည�။

ဇ��အ�န� စစ��ရ��င�စခန�� ဒ�-တ�ဝန�ခံ �ဒ�ထ�ဆန�ကလည�� “က�မတ���က ဒ�အစ���ရ�တ� က��ယ�တ��င�လ�ပ� လ��ပ��မ� က�မတ��� IDP �တ�က�� လ��ဆ������ပ�။ လ��မ��မန��ပ�။ အခ��န�မ�ရ�� လ�လ���ရပ�တယ��ပ���န�။ ဒ��နရပ��ပန�တ�� က�စ�မ���� မ�� သ�တ���က တစ�ခ�မ� မလ��သ�ဘ�� အ�ဒ�န�� ဖ�န��န��ပ� �ပ���န�။ ဘယ�အ�မ��ထ�င�စ� �ပန�မလ� ဘယ�ရ�� �တ� �ပန�မလ� ဒ�န��ပ� �မ�တယ�ဆ���တ�� က� အခ��ပန�မယ�� လ��တ� ဘယ���စ��ယ�က�ရ��သလ� အ�ဒ�မ����ဆ���တ�� က�မ တ���က အ��က���မယ�� �နရ� မရ��သလ���ပ���န� ဖခင�မ� ခင� မရ��သလ���ပ�� အရမ��ခံစ��တ��ပ���လ” ဟ� ��ပ�သည�။

သက�ဆ��င�ရ� တ�ဝန�ရ��သ�မ���ဖက�မ� ပ�င��လင���မင�သ�စ�� လ��ရ�က�ရ�င���ပ�ခင�� မရ���သ�သည�� အ�ခ�� တစ� ဖက�တ�င� စစ��ဘ��ရ��င�မ���အ�� အက�အည��ပ��နသည�� အဖ���အစည��မ���ထ�တ�င� �နရပ��ပန� �စခ�င�သည�� အဖ���အစည��မ��� ရ��သက��သ��� မ�ပန��စခ�င� သည�� အဖ���အစည��မ���လည�� ရ���နသည�ဟ� ဆ��သည�။

Page 29 of 30

ထ��အ�နအထ��မ�����က�င�� စစ��ဘ��ရ��င�မ���အ�န�ဖင�� �နရပ��ပန��ရ�အတ�က� ဆ�ံ��ဖတ�ခ�က�ခ�ရ�တ�င� ခ��င�မ��ပတ�သ��သည�� ဆ�ံ��ဖတ�ခ�က� မခ����င�ပ� �ဝ�ဝ���နသည�ဟ� �ဒ�ရ�ယ�ဂ�� က ��ပ�သည�။

“�နရပ��ပန�ရင� ဘယ�လ��ဂ�ဏ�သ�က��ဆ��တ�က�� ဘယ�လ����ပ�တယ� အ�မခံခ�က�ဆ��တ� အမ����က��လ��ပ��မ� �ပ�သ���တယ� ဒ��ပမယ�� ဘယ�သ�တ�ဝန�ယ�မ� ဘယ�သ�တ�ဝန�ခံမ� ဘယ�သ�ရ��သလ�။ IDPs �တ�ရ�� �ရ��မ�� မ��မ��မတ�မတ�ရပ��ပ��မ� ဒ�ဂ�ဏ�သ�က���တ� ဒ�အ�မခံခ�က��တ� ရဖ���အတ�က� ဘယ�သ��က ���စ���ပ�တ�မ���� မရ���ပန��တ�� �ကက��ပ��က�င�က��ပ��က� �ပ��က��တ�� ဟ��လ��လ�� ဒ�လ��လ��န�� �ပန��ပ��မ� �ပ��က��ပန��ပ� အ�ဒ�အခ� က��တ�� IDP �တ�က �ပန�ဖ���ပ� ဆ�ံ��ဖတ�ရမ��လ�� �နဖ���ပ� ဆ�ံ��ဖတ�ရမလ��က�� �ဝဝ��က�န��ပ��ပ���န��။”

တ��တ�အစ���ရထံမ� စစ��ရ��င�မ����နရပ��ပန��ရ�အတ�က� �ထ�က�ပံ ံ��င� ယ�မ� ၄ သန�� ရရ��ထ���ပ�� တ��လ� �က��၊ ဒဘတ�ယန� ��င�� နမ��ဆန�ယန� �က��ရ��တ���မ� အ�မ��ထ�င�စ��ပ�င�� ၁၉၀ �က���အတ�က� �နရပ��ပန��ရ� စက�တင�ဘ�လတ�င� အ�က�င�အထည��ဖ��ရန� ရ��သည�ဟ�လည�� �ပည�နယ�အစ���ရက ��ပ�ဆ��ထ��သည�။

စစ��ဘ��ရ��င�မ���အ�န�ဖင�� �နရပ��ပန��ရ���င�� ပတ�သက��ပ�� ဆ�ံ��ဖတ�ခ�က�ရန� �ဝ�ဝ���န�သ��လည�� လက�ရ�� �နထ��င� �န�ကသည�� စစ��ရ��င�စခန��မ���တ�င� က�ည��ထ�က�ပံ�မ�မ��� �လ���နည��လ��ခင��၊ ��စ��က�လ�သည� ��င�� အမ� မ�သ��စ�ဝင� ဦ��ရမ���လ�သည��အတ�က� �နထ��င�ရန� �နရ�ထ��င�ခင�� �ကပ�တည��လ��ခင��၊ အလ�ပ�အ က��င� အခ�င��အလမ�� ရ���ပ���ခင��တ�����က�င�� �ဖစ�သည�ဟ� ��ပ�သည�။

ထ���အ�ပင� ၎င��တ��� ပ��င�ဆ��င�သည�� �ခံ��မမ���က�� က�မ�ဏ�မ���က ဝင��ရ�က�က� �ရ�တ���ဖ���ခင��၊ တစ�သ���င�က� �ပ��စ��က�ပ�����ခင��တ�����က�င�� �ခံ��မမ��� ဆ�ံ���ံ�မည�က�� စ���ရ�မ�သည��အတ�က� �နရပ��ပန� ခ�င��ကသည�ဟ� ဆ��သည�။

သ����သ�� ၎င��တ��� ထ�က���ပ�တ�မ���ရ��င�လ��ကသည�� �က��ရ��မ���ထ�တ�င�လည���က�င�� �က��ရ��မ�����င�� အန�� တဝ�က�တ�င� တပ�မ�တ��မ� တပ�စခန��သစ�မ��� တည��ဆ�က��ခင��၊ �က��ရ��အတ�င����င�� ၎င��တ��� လ�ပ� က��င�စ�� �သ�က�သည�� �နရ�မ���တ�င� ��မ�မ�ပ�မ��င��မ��� ရ���န�သ�သည��အတ�က� လ�ံ�ခ�ံမ� မရ��သည�� အ�န အထ��တ�င� �နရပ��ပန�မည�ဆ��ပ�က ဒ�က��ရ�က����င�သည�ဟ� ��ပ�သည�။

ထ�����က�င�� တပ�မ�တ��မ� တပ�စခန��မ���က�� ဆ�တ�ခ��ရန�အ�ပင� သက�ဆ��င�ရ� တ�ဝန�ရ��သ�မ���အ�န�ဖင�� ��မ �မ�ပ�မ��င��မ���က�� ရ�င��လင���ပ�ရန���င�� �နရပ��ပန�ပ�က လ��အပ�သည�� အက�ည��ထ�က�ပံ�မ�က�� အတ��င��အတ� တစ�ခ�အထ� �ထ�က�ပံ��ပ�ရန�၊ လ�ံ�ခ�ံ�ရ� ��င�� လ�မ��ဘ၀ အ�မခံခ�က�ရ��သည�� အပစ�အခတ�ရပ�စ��ရ���င�� �င�မ�� ခ�မ���ရ�က�� အ�မန�ဆ�ံ� �ဖ���ဆ�င��ပ�ရန� စစ��ဘ��ရ��င�မ���က �တ�င��ဆ��သည�။

http://www.nmg-news.com/2020/08/31/11935

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