Opiliones: Phalangiidae)'

Acta Arachnologica, 52(2): 91-102, December 31, 2003

On the identity and synonymies of some Asiatic Opilioninae (Opiliones: Phalangiidae)'

Wojciech Starcga

Instytut Biologii Akademii Podlaskiej, Prusa 12, 08-110 Siedlce, Poland [for correspondence. Kinowa 24/77, 04-017 Warszawa]

Abstract - A review of the subfamily Opilioninae, with several new combinations and many synonyms - based mainly on type material or original descriptions is presented. The subfamily, as delimited here, consists of following genera: Bidentolophus, Egaenus, Himalphalangium, Homolophus, Opilio, and Scleropilio. Most genera and species are distributed in Central and East Asia, with only few species reaching West Asia and Europe. There are following new combinations: Egaenus pakistanus (Rwr.), Himalphangium spinulatum (Rwr.), Homolophus serrulatus (Ksch.), Bidentolophus adungius (Rwr.), Homolophus consputus (Sim.), H. nigridorsus (Cap.), H. turcicus (Rwr.) [the last three not quite clear], H, martensi (Star.) and new synonyms: Egaenus carpaticus Avram = E. convexus (C.L.K.), Euphalangium afghanum Rwr. and Euphalangium chitralense Rwr. = Egaenus kashmiricus Cap., Opilio nigerrimus Schkl. = Himalphalangium spinulatum (Rwr.), Phalangium tricolor Kulcz., Phalangium bidentatum Kulcz., Opilio Kishidai Saito, 0. quadridentatus Wang and 0. tricolor var, modestus Schkl. = Homolophus serrulatus (Ksch.), Opilio hexa-spinulatus Saito and Opilio koreanus Chant. = Bidentolophus bidens (Sim.), Opilio birmanicus Rwr. = Bidentolophus adungius (Rwr.), Opilio sunuitensis Nakats. and 0. nipponensis Rwr. = Homolophus arcticus Bks., Euphalangium trinkleri Rwr. and Opilio insolitus Rwr. = Homolophus tibetanus (Rwr.), Phalangium coronatum Red. and Opilio redikorzevi Rwr. = 0. lederi Rwr., 0. turcicus Rwr. = 0. saxatilis C.L.K., 0. reginae Star. = 0. hemseni Rwr., Egaenus rugosus Schkl. = Scleropilio insolens (Sim.). Key words - Opiliones, Opilioninae, Central Asia, East Asia, new synonyms, new combinations.

Tsurusaki et al. (2000 a, b) but many were never revised and Introduction their position remains not quite clear, obscuring therefore The first author who seriously used the structure of geni- the systematics and geographic range of the subfamily as a tal organs (originally of males, later also of females) as a whole and the actual genera within it. I have had possibility crucial criterion in the taxonomy of the present-day to investigate several of those "obscure" species and to clear Opilioninae was V. Silhavy (1938, 1948). At that time it their place in the system of Opilioninae. was not so obvious because the greatest authority in The material I have been studied (since October 1971) is Opiliones, C.F. Roewer, did not recognize (1912, 1923, stored in the following Museums: Zoologisches Museum 1956) the differences in structure of genital organs, anyway der Humboldt-Universitat Berlin (ZMB), Senckenberg- on species level, and did not see the necessity to use them Museum Frankfurt a.M. (SMF; coll. Roewer), Zoologisches in distinguishing the species which were in masses de- Institut and Museum der Universitat Hamburg (ZMH), scribed by him. Zoologicheskiy Institut Akademii Nauk Sankt-Petersburg In Central and East Asia there are many names of species (ZIN), Naturhistoriska Riksmuseet Stockholm (NRS), belonging to Opilioninae, described mainly by C.F. Roewer Naturhistorisches Museum Wien (NMW) and in the refer- but also by L. Koch, F. Karsch, E. Simon, W. Kulczynski ence collections of J. Martens (Mainz; CJM) and my own and L, di Caporiacco - to mention only some of the (Warszawa; CWS). "classical" authors. Some of the species were partly revised by Starcga (1964) and Silhavy (1972), some other described or redescribed by Martens (1973), Gricenko (1975, 1979, 1980), Tchemeris et al. (1998), Tchemeris (2000) and

' Revision of the Phalangiidae , IV. For the previous parts look: I (1972)-Annales zoologici, 29: 461-471; II (1973)-Annales zoologici, 30: 361-373; III (1984)-Annales zoologici, 38: 1-79. 92 W. Stargga "E uphalangium afghanum Rwr. - 1d' - Typus. Afghanistan: Remarks on some more interesting species Kabul." [SMF R 11/2823/110]. 3d', 1~ - "Euphalangium chitralense Rwr. - 4d' - Typus. Centr. Asien: Chitral." Egaenus kashmiricus Caporiacco 1935 [SMF R II/6501/242]. 1, ', 1~, 1 j - India, Ladakh: (Figs. 1--5) Lamayuru, 3800 m, 28.8.1981 leg. P. Beron. 1984. det. W. Starcga [CJM]. Egaenus asiaticus Roewer 1923: 818 (part.: from Yarkand), non Remarks. Male [SMF R 11/2823/110]. Very strongly Roewer 1911, armed: in front of eye mound a thick group of denticles, ab- Egaenus kashmiricus Caporiacco 1935: 247, pl. 7, fig. 6, domen thickly and irregularly covered with numerous Euphalangium afghanum Roewer 1956: 260, pl. 37, figs. 36-38, denticles. Coloration sandy-yellow with brownish variega- syn. H., tion. Legs short (BLI2 1.000), the first pair strongly thick- Euphalangium chitralense Roewer 1956: 260-261, pl. 37, figs. ened, all femora to tibiae with sharp edges (femur I with 7!) 39-41, syn, n., and with rows of denticles on them (only tibia II with Homolophus afghanus: Cokendolpher 1987: 91, Homolophus chitralensis: Cokendolpher 1987: 91-92. pointed granules ventrally and short setae dorsally). Metatarsus I with saw-shaped longitudinal row of big granules ventrally. Penis shaft with beginning of a subapical Material. 1d' -"Egaenus asiaticus Rwr. - 1 Expl. - keel ventrally and slightly marked lateral pockets. Glans ex typ. C. Asien: Yarkand." [SMF R I/1236]. ld' - about the shape of a cucumber, not flattened ventrally (Figs.

Figs. 1-5. Egaenus kashmiricus Cap. (holotype of Euphalangium afghanum Rwr. - SMF R/II/2823/110). (1) Right chelicera, mesa! view; (2) right palpus, mesa! view; (3) penis, dorsal view; (4) penis, lateral view; (5) apical portion of penis. lateral view. Scale lines: 1-4 - 0.5 mm, 5 - 0. l mm.

2 "Beinlangenindex" [index of legs length] as proposed by Stargga (1972) = proportion of femur I length (measured laterally) to the width of carapace (measured dorsally, between coxa II and III).

Acta Arachnologica, 52(2), December 2003 ©Arachnological Society of Japan ' 1' 0

On some Asiati c pl ionmae 93

1-5). Remarks. Very similar to E. kashmiricus, but different: The types of E. chitralense are even stronger armed: the larger, darker (thickly brown variegated and with brown ap- whole carapax in front of eye mound is thickly covered with pendages, segments of legs with not so sharp edges. denticles (the same in female!). Legs slightly longer: BLI Abdomen with only single transversal row of denticles on d' 1.083, 1.095, 1.160; - 0.957. Femur I with 6 edges. every tergite. Coxae apically with transversal rows of Male from Ladakh: body length 4.6, coloration quite denticles; their surfaces (particularly I and II) with numer- typical (as in Fig. 6 in Caporiacco 1935), body and palps ar- ous large pointed granules. Ventral surface of abdomen mature as in type specimen of E. afghanum, BLI 1.214, with numerous brown dots, coxae with so many they are femur I with five edges, penis 2.9 long. nearly brown. BLI 1.059. Penis shaft less broadened as in Distribution. Afghanistan: Kabul (Roewer 1956); Fig. 3, more slender, although with nearly identical Pakistan: Chitral (North West Frontier Prov.; Roewer 1956), subapical structure. Glans clearly longer: as long as the lat- Garhi (Northern Areas; Caporiacco 1935); India: Lamayuru eral pockets (in E. kashmiricus relatively much shorter). (Ladakh; herein); China: Shache (= Yarkand, W Sinkiang; In the series from Patriata: one male - body length 6.7, Roewer 1923). penis length 4.3, BLI 1.143, another - body length 7.3, penis length 4.8, BLI 1.044. Egaenus pakistanus (Roewer 1956), comb. n. Distribution. Known only from Northern Pakistan.

Opiliopakistanus Roewer 1956: 293, t. 41, ff. 142-144. Himalphalangium spinulatum (Roewer 1911), comb. n. (Figs. 6-10) Material. l d - "Opilio pakistanus Rwr. -1 d' - Typus. Pakistan: Punjab." [SMF R II/6500/241]. 1Od, 6~ - Opilio spinulatus Roewer 1911: 42, Pakistan, Punjab: Patriata SE Murree, 2200 m, 6-7.VIII. Opilio spinulatus Roewer 1912: 143-144, pl. 4, fig. 5, 1982, Heinz leg. 1984, det. W. Stargga. [CJM]. Opiliopentaspinulatus Suzuki 1950: 45-48, pl. 1, figs. 1-11,

Figs. 6-10. Himalphalangium spinulatum (Rwr.) (syntype - SMF R 1/582). (6) Right palpus , mesal view; (7) penis, dorsal view; (8) penis, lateral view; (9) apical portion of penis, ventrolateral view; (10) glans, lateral view. Scale lines: 6-8 - 1.0 mm, 9 - 0.25 mm, 10 0.1 mm.

Acta Arachnologica, 52(2), December 2003 OArachnological Society of Japan 94 W. Starcga

Opilio nigerrimus Schenkel 1953: 94-95, fig. 43, syn. n. Prov. Hopei: Hsiao-Wu-Tai-Shan, X.1933, Koo Tung-Yao leg. Wang Feng-Chen det. 1?- Holotypus. don. Wang Feng- Material. "Opilio spinulatus Rwr. - 1d, 1 - Type. Chen" [NMW 11676]. 1 - "Opilio bidentatus (Kulcz.) - China: Tschuschin" [SMF R I/582]. "Opilio spinulatus 1~ - Cotype [sic!]. China: Shanghai." [SMF R I/584]. 1d ' - "Opilio tricolor (Kulcz Roewer. Japan. - leg. (ob Roretz leg., 1879.II.?; Roewerr .) - 1c - China: Peking. Rwr. det. (1911): (Paratypoide): 2 (d, ~)" [NMW 3879]. det. 1911." [SMF R 11585]. Remarks. Male [SMF R I/582]. Body large, thickset, Remarks. Many times described by different authors; the Egaenus-shaped; legs short, robust (BLI d 1.057, - 0.778). best figure is that in Roewer 1912 (pl. 3, fig. 12 - sub The middle longitudinal row of denticles on abdominal tergites in both sexes strongly enlarged. The other most im- portant diagnostic characters - see figures 6-10. Though the palpal tarsus of male does not point apically, the species should be transferred to Himalphalangium on the ground of the penis structure with characteristic subapical-ventral keel on the shaft - exactly as in Martens's (1973) figs. 19-24. Opilio pentaspinulatus and 0. nigerrimus are according to the figures accompanying their original descriptions (and the descriptions themselves!) identical with the species in question. Distribution. Described from three localities in China and from Japan (Roewer 1911). According to Roewer (1923), Saito (1936), Wang (1941), Schenkel (1953), Tsurusaki & Song (2000) probably common in China Figs. 11-13. Bidentolophus adungius (Rwr.) (holotype - SMF (Provinces: Fujian, Gansu, Guangdong, Heilongjiang, R II/5416/202). (11) Penis, dorsal view; (12) penis, lateral view; Liaoning, Shaanxi, Shanxi and Sichuan), known also from (13) glans, lateral view. Scale lines: 11-2 - 0.5 mm, 13 - 0.1 South Korea (Suzuki 1972) and Japan (many localities in mm. Kyushu Island - Suzuki 1950, Ehime Prefecture in Shikoku - Suzuki & Kunita 1972; Tsurusaki 2002 and Hiroshima Pref. in S Honshu - Suzuki 1986). H spinulatum is the first representative of its genus out- side Himalayas. It is a new thing among the Opiliones but known e.g. in the spider family Salticidae, where either one or two species of a genus are endemic to the Himalayas and the other live in East Asia, or even the same species can live in area extending from Himalayas over China to Korea and Japan. A good example offers here the genus Synagelides Strand (Jastrzcbski in press).

Homolophus serrulatus (Karsch 1881), comb. n.

Phalangium serruulatum Karsch 1881: 220, Phalangium tricolor Kulczynski 1901: 355-357, syn. n., Phalangium bidentatum Kulczynski 1901: 357-359, syn. n., Opilio tricolor: Roewer 1912: 137-139, pl. 3, figs. 8, 9, 24, Opilio bidentatus: Roewer 1912: 139-140, pl. 3, figs. 12, 26, Opilio serrulatus: Roewer 1912: 142, pl. 3, fig. 25, Opilio Kishidai Saito 1936: 10-11, fig. 5, pl. 1, fig. 7, syn. n., Opilio quadridentatus Wang 1941: 109, fig. 6, syn. n., Opilio tricolor var, modestus Schenkel 1953: 101-102, fig. 46, syn. n.

Material. 1d, 1~ - "Phalangium serrulatum Karsch, 1881. 1d, 1~ Syntypen. Peking. Brandt leg." [ZMB 3819]. Figs. 14-18. Egaenus oedipus (Thor.) (SMF R I/646). (14) 1d, 2 - "Opilio tricolor (Kulczynski). 3 Expl. China Right chelicera, mesal view; (15) right palpus, mesal view; (16) (Peking). 0. v. Mollendorf. Roewer det. 1911" [ZMB penis, dorsal view; (17) penis, lateral view; (18) glans, lateral 3699]. 1~ - "Opilio quadridentatus Wang 1941. China, view. Scale lines: 14-15 - 0.5 mm, 16-17 - 0.5 mm, 18 - 0.1 mm. On some Asiatic Opilioninae 95

Opilio bidentatus). Characteristic is the variegated carapace China): the eastern ones are stronger armed (long but with an irregular group of denticles between front margin blunt denticles on front margin, longer denticles on ab- and the eye mound. Legs sometimes very long - in male domen), have weaker chelicerae and slimmer but SMF R I/585 BLI reaches 2.695. stronger armed palps; coxae with numerous denticles, Distribution. S Mongolia, China (Provinces: Bejing, value of BLI relatively higher, penis a little longer and Hubei, Liaoning, Shanghai). not broadened at the base. adungius (Roewer 1956), comb. n. (= Opilio birmanicus Full list of genera and species of Opilioninae Roewer 1956, syn. n.) - Burma (Figs. 11-13). Glans Bidentolophus Roewer 1912 without dorsal depression (characteristic for bidens (Simon 1880) (= Opilio hexa-spinulatus Saito Homolophus), conically-elongated. Chelicerae and 1936, Opilio koreanus Charitonov 1957, syn. n.) - E palps not armed, only palpal tarsus and tibia ventrally & SE Siberia, Mongolia, China, Korea [Opilio with sensual granules. Legs long, BLI d' (SMF R trispinifrons Rwr. in Nakatsudi (1943) and 11/5333/191) 1.700. Homolophus pallens (Kulcz.) in Tsurusaki et al. (2000 a) also belong here]. Legs of various length, in speci- Egaenus C.L. Koch 1839 mens from China BLI was 1.050-1.500 in d' and convexus (C.L. Koch 1835) (= Egaenus carp aticus 0.800-1.316 in ~, body length 7.3-9.1 in d' and 7.7- Avram 1978, syn, n.) - SE Europe (up to N Italy, 9.5 in ~. Penis length 5.4-6.3. Coloration mostly Austria, Czech Rep., Slovakia, Poland, Ukraine), ?N sandy-yellow with dark brown pattern. There is a dif- Uzbekistan. ference beween the eastern and western populations (in Oedipus (Thorell 1876) - Iran, ?Turkmenistan (Figs.

Figs. 19-23. Homolophus tibetanus (Rwr.) (types, ZMH). (19) Right chelicera, mesal view; (20) right palpus, mesal view; (21) penis, dorsal view; (22) penis, lateral view; (23) glans, lateral view. Scale lines: 19-20 - 0.5 mm, 21, 22 - 0.5 mm, 23 - 0.1 mm.

Acta Arachnologica, 52(2), December 2003 OArachnological Society of Japan 96 W. Starcga

14-18). Supracheliceral laminae with big tubercles. ?nigridorsus (Caporiacco 1935), comb, n. - N Pakistan Metatarsus I of male spindle-shaped, covered ventrally [described in Opilio, never revised]. with thick setae (bunches of thinner ones fused to- ?turcicus (Roewer 1959), comb. n. - E Turkey [de- gether?) with splitted tops. Femur IV of male ventrally scribed in Euphalangium but systematic position not with three rows of powerful denticles (the largest on clear]. prolatero-ventral edge), dorsally with smaller thienshanensis (Silhavy 1967) - Kazakhstan [original denticles, similarly as patella and tibia (here only the description (Silhavy 1967 - sub Euphalangium) suffi- latero-apical much larger). Coxa and trochanter also cient]. with small denticles. Leg IV in female similar but the vladimirae (Silhavy 1967) - Kazakhstan [original de- armature not so strong. BLI d' 0.818, 0.822. scription (Silhavy 1967 - sub Euphalangium) suffi- kashmiricus Caporiacco 1935 - Afghanistan, N cient]. Pakistan, N India, W Sinkiang. suzukii (Silhavy 1972) - Kazakhstan (Figs. 27-31). pakistanus (Roewer 1956), comb. n. - Pakistan. Penis shaft subapically broadened forming bent ventral lindbergi (Roewer 1960) - Turkmenistan, Tadjikistan, "winglets". BLI d' 1.484. Iran, Afghanistan [tranferred to Egaenus and betpakdalensis (Gricenko 1976) - Kazakhstan. redescribed by Silhavy (1968)]. przewalskii (Stargga 1978) - S Siberia, Kazakhstan. charitonovi (Gricenko 1972) - Kazakhstan. martensi (Stargga 1986), comb. n. - Tibet. rishiri Tsurusaki 1987 - N Japan. Himalphalangium Martens 1973 hunan Zhu, Song & Kim 1999 - China. palpale (Roewer 1956) - Tibet, Nepal, Bhutan. BLI of gobiensis Tsurusaki, Tchemeris & Logunov 2000 - the type series 1.125-1.417, - 0.696-1.174. Mongolia. spinulatum (Roewer 1911), comb. n. - China, Korea, S Japan. Opilio Herbst 1798 nepalense (Suzuki 1972) - Nepal. parietinus (De Geer 1778) - Iran, Georgia, dolpoense Martens 1973 - Nepal. ?Afghanistan; introduced to all European countries, suzukii Martens 1973 - Nepal. Kazakhstan, W Siberia, North America and Tasmania. unistriatum Martens 1973 - Nepal. saxatilis C.L. Koch 1839 (= Opilio turcicus Roewer 1956, syn. n.) - Europe (except Iberian Peninsula), Homolophus Banks 1893 Turkey, Israel. arcticus Banks 1893 (= Opilio sunuitensis Nakatsudi canestrinii (Thorell 1876) - Italy, Tunisia, Algeria; a 1943, Opilio nipponensis Roewer, 1956, syn. n.) - very expansive species - known from many European Sakhalin, N Japan (Hokkaido), Korea, E & S Siberia, countries (up to Germany, Denmark and Poland in the Mongolia, Tibet. North). nordenskioeldi (L. Koch 1879) - N Russia, Siberia, ?ejuncidus (Thorell 1876) - Iran [never collected Kazakhstan, Mongolia, N China, Korea. again]. serrulatus (Karsch 1881), comb. n. - China. ?consputus (Simon 1895), comb. n. - Mongolia [systematic position not quite clear]. potanini (Simon 1895) - Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tadjikistan, S Siberia [Tsurusaki et al. (2000 a) tried to transfer the species to Opilio but it is a Homolophus with enormously long legs and typical penis - see Gricenko (1979, 1980 sub Opilio asiaticus)]. tibetanus (Roewer 1911) (== Euphalangium trinkleri Roewer 1956, Opilio insolitus Roewer 1956, syn. n.) - Uzbekistan, Afghanistan, E Sinkiang, E Tibet, N Pakistan (Figs. 19-23). Legs short, BLI d' 0.885- 1.208, BLI 0.767-1.080. nepalicus (Roewer 1912) [= Egaenus asiaticus Roewer 1914 and Opilio aborensis Roewer 1956 synonymised already by Martens (1973)] - NE India (Assam), Nepal (Figs. 24-26). Very similar to previous species but penis slightly different: shaft and glans without lat- Figs. 24-26. Homolophus nepalicus (Rwr.) (holotype of eral keels, shaft flattened subapically and with maxi- Opilio aborensis Rwr., SMF R II/3703/174). (24) Penis, dorsal mum breadth about 1/4from its base. Legs also short - view; (25) penis, lateral view; (26) glans, lateral view. Scale BLI 0.875-1.000. lines: 24, 25 - 0.5 mm, 26 - 0.125 mm. On some Asiatic Opilioninae 97

Figs. 27-31. Homolophus suzukii (Silh.) (d from series SMF R I1592). (27) Carapace, lateral view; (28) penis, dorsal view; (29) penis, lateral view; (30) apical portion of penis, lateral view; (31) lateral portion of penis, ventral view. Scale lines: 27-29 - 0.5 mm, 30, 31 - 0.1 mm.

?lepidus (L. Koch 1878) - Turkmenistan [doubtful, Rhodos, Karpathos, Samos etc.). Small (body length never collected again]. 3. 1), resembling 0. saxatilis, but with clearly defined lederi Roewer 1911 (= Phalangium coronatum dark "saddle", weaker armed palps and BLI d' 1.886. Redikorzev 1936, Opilio redikorzevi Roewer 1956, Penis similar as in saxatilis (with ventral "pockets") syn. n.) - Northern Osetia, Georgia, Armenia, but without setae; glans very long, cylindrical. Penis Aserbaidshan, Iran (herein). 1.85 long, max. 0.35 broad, glans 0.30, stylus 0.12 coxipunctus (Sorensen 1912) - Cyprus, Israel, long. Lebanon, Jordan (herein), Syria, Iraq. In the type series transversalis Roewer 1956 - Greece, Montenegro, of 0. cypricus BLI 3' 2.250-2.578 and body length Slovenia, Italy. Coloration very characteristic: all 3.1-3.6. tergites (also the carapace) with very clear silvery- ?rutilus Morin 1934 - Ukraine [doubtful, probably white transverse lines with dark back margin. BLI - identical with 0. ruzickai]. 1.850-2.000. dinaricus Silhavy 1938 - C & E Europe. Body length validus Roewer 1959 - Turkey. 4.0-5.7, legs long and slender BLI d' 1.971-2.517 (in afghanus Roewer 1960 - Afghanistan [redescribed by series SMF R II/8194/277). Silhavy (1966) - closely related to 0. parietinus but ruzickai Silhavy 1938 - SE Europe. different]. hemseni Roewer 1952 (= Opilio reginae Starega 1966, ?magnus Hadzi 1973 - Hercegovina [doubtful, needs syn. n.) - E Ukraine, SW Russia, Georgia, NE revision]. Turkey, Iran. ?pictus Hadzi 1973 - Hercegovina [doubtful, possibly insulae Roewer 1956 - islands of Greece (Crete, identical with 0. ruzickai].

Acta Arachnologica, 52(2), December 2003 ©Arachnological Society of Japan 98 W. Starcga

Figs. 32-35. Scleropilio coriaceus Rwr. (holotype - SMF R 1/903). (32) Right palpus, mesa! view; (33) penis, dorsal view; (34) penis, lateral view; (35) glans, lateral view. Scale lines: 32-34 - 0.5 mm, 35-0.1mm.

himalincola Martens 1973 - Nepal. S. insolens. I agree that the species described by grasshoffi Stargga 1986 - E Tibet. Roewer (1911, 1956), Nakatsudi (1943) and Gricenko (1975) are identical with S insolens but S. coriaceus is Scleropilio Roewer 1911 definitely different (compare Figs. 32-35 and 36-40). coriaceus Roewer 1911 - S Kazakhstan (Figs. 32-35). Another synonym of S. insolens (syn. n.), omitted by Frontal margin of carapace with blunt thorns directed Tsurusaki et al. (2000b), is Egaenus rugosus Schenkel, obliquely frontwards and upwards. Body covered with 1963, described from "Fluss Taschitu, innere solid dorsal scutum coarsely granulated. Coxa I with Mongolei" and regarded by myself (Starcga 1964) as numerous tubercles, coxa II retrolaterally and IV subspecies of Egaenus armauus (Rwr.). The shape and prolaterally each with one long, blunt tooth. Thorns armature of body similar as in previous species. Eye also on small buckles between coxae. Chelicera small mound hemispherical, with a pair of blunt tubercles and weak, completely without any denticles or gran- frontally and at the back side, 1.5 its length from fron- ules, with short setae. Legs very short - BLI 0.667. tal margin. Trochanter of palps (not drawn) also with insolens (Simon 1895) - Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, dorsal and ventral teeth. Femur-tibia I strongly thick- Tadjikistan, Kyrgyzstan, S Siberia, Mongolia, N China ened, dorsally and ventrally with rows of strong teeth. (Figs. 36-40). After Tsurusaki et al. (2000b) there Numerous coarse granules on femur I (between rows should be only one species in Scleropilio - insolens of teeth), tibia I apically, metatarsus and four basal - and all the others, listed in their paper, fell in its segments of tarsus I ventrally. All coxae covered with synonymy. Their opinion was based on the mistake of tubercles, coxa II retrolaterally with one large apical Gricenko (1980) who described and figured a species tooth, coxa IV prolaterally with much smaller and called by him Scleropilio coriaceus which in fact was blunt one. Legs very short - BLI (d') 0.652.

Figs. 36-40. Scleropilio insolens (Sim.) (holotype of Scutopilio tibialis Rwr., SMF R II/2825/112) . (36) Right chelicera, mesal view; (37) right palpus, mesa! view; (38) penis, dorsal view; (39) penis, leteral view; (40) glans, lateral view. Scale lines: 36, 38, 39 - 0.5 mm, 37 - 0.5 mm, 40 - 0.1 mm.

Misplaced species (the whole subfamily, Opilio hewittius Roewer 1956 - Rhampsinitus [Starcga not only from Asia) 1984]. Opilio Kochi Rambla 1956 = Bunochelis canariana (Strand, As a starting point I use the Roewer's (1923) monograph. 1911) [Starcga 1972]. The species described or revised (earlier) by him will not be Opilio laevis Roewer 1956 - Paroligolophus [herein]. repeated. Opilio lettowi Roewer 1923 > Cristina [Starcga 1984]. Opilio mexicanus Roewer 1956 > Metopilio [Cokendolpher Egaenus ephippiatus Roewer 1911= Phalangium punctipes & Cokendolpher 1984]. (L. Koch 1878) [Stargga 1984]. Opilio punctatissimus Roewer 1959 = Dacnopilio armatus Egaenus gulosus Simon 1878 = Zacheus lupatus (Eichwald Roewer, 1911 [Starcga 1984]. 1830) [Rafalski 1960, 1961]. Opilio rhodesius Roewer 1956 = Rhampsinitus hewittius Egaenus kabylicus Roewer 1956 = Metaphalangium (Roewer 1956) [Starcga 1984]. tuberculatum (Lucas 1846) [Starcga 1984]. Opilio villiersi Roewer 1953 - Cristina [Stargga 1984]. Opilio angulatichelis Roewer 1952 = Phalangium opilio Linnaeus 1758 [Cokendolpher & Lee 1993]. Type and other material studied Opilio bolivianus Roewer 1956 = Cristina bispinifrons 1) Bidentolophus adungius. 1d' - "Opilio adungius Roewer 1917 [Cokendolpher & Rylander 1986]. Rwr. - 1c;' - Typus. N. Burma: Adung-Tal" [SMF RII/ Opilio buniger Roewer 1956 - Coptophalangium [Starcga 5416/202], 1d' - "Opilio birmanicus Rwr. -1 d - Typus. 1984]. Birma: Pegu" [SMF R II/533/191]. Opilio chickeringi Roewer 1956 - Lanthanopilio 2) Bidentolophus bidens. 1d' - "Opilio bidentatus [Cokendolpher & Cokendolpher 1984]. Kulcz. conform. Typ. Kulcz. China (Peking). 0. v. Mollend. Opilio coronatus Roewer 1911 -~ Odiellus [Martens 1978]. 1 Exempl. d' Roewer det.1911" [ZMB 9570].1 - "opilio Opilio gertschi Roewer 1956 > Metopilio [Cokendolpher trispinifrons Rwr. 1~: Syntypus. Tsingtau, Glaue leg." & Cokendolpher 1984]. [ZMB 9577]. 4 j - "Opilio trispinifrons Rwr. 4 Expl.

Acta Arachnologica,52(2), December 2003 OArachnological Society of Japan 100 W. Stargga

subad. Syntyp. Kiautschou, Glaue leg." [ZMB 9576]. 1~, 2 R II/1703/174]. 1d' - "Opilio aborensis Rwr. - 1d' - j - "Opilio trispinifrons Rwr. 2 Expl. (~),1 pullus. Roewer Typus. Assam: Abor-Distr." [SMF R II/1703/174]. det. 1916. Yao Schang bei Tschingtschoufu, 23.XI.1912, 7) Homolophus nordenskioeldi. "Expeditionen till leg. H. Schwede" [ZMB 9578]. 1~ - "Opilio peipingensis Novaja Zemlja och Jenissej 1875 - det L. Koch Wang 1941. China: Bergwiese bei Peking, 13.IX.1934, Phalangium Nordenskioldi L. Koch" [common jar label] : 1 Wang Feng-Chen leg., det.: 1 Holotypus. don. Wang d' - "24. Selivaninskoj, 65°55', 12.9.1875"; 2 - "S v. Feng-Chen" [NMW 11679]. ld - "Opilio tchangi Wang Troitzkoj, 65°45', 13.9.1875"; 2~ - "27. Pupkowskij, 1941. China: Peking, Sommer 1933, Wang Feng-Chen leg. 64°42', 14.9.1875"; 1d - "Baklanowskij, 64°25', 15.9. ld Syntypus. don. Wang Feng-Chen" [NMW 11677]. 6~ - 1875"; 6d, 2~ - "Worogowo Selo, N°37"; 2~ - "Opilio tchangi Wang 1941 "Krasnojarsk . China: Peking, Sommer 1933, , 6.10.75"; 1~, 1 - "40. 2 mil. 0 Krasnojarsk, 56°, 8.10.1875" [NHRS]. ld Wang Feng-Chen leg. det. 6 Ex. Syntypen, don. Wang "E Feng-Chen" [NMW 11678], ld - "Opilio spinulatus uphalangium nordenskioeldi (L. Koch. Sibirien: Roewer. China, Prov. Szechuan: Chungking, 23.X.1934, Krasnojarsk. Ex Coll. L. Koch; Steindachner don. - 1d Wang Feng-Chen leg., det. - 18. don. Wang Feng-Chen" ("Typus")" [NMW 4256]. 1~ - "Phalangium personatum [NMW 11675]. 1? - "Opilio trispinifrons Rwr. - 1 ~. L. Koch. Glas 8. Krasnojarsk 56°" [NRS]. China: Nanking." [SMF R 11/2826/113]. id', 1~ - "Opilio 8) Homolophus potanini. 1 (syntype)3 - Phalangium bidentatus (Kulcz.) - 2 (a). Yunnan. Rwr. det. 1916." Potanini E.S., [Kazakhstan:] Chernyy Irtysh, above mouth [SMF R I1224]. 1 - "Opilio trispinifrons Rwr. - 1 - of Kran River, 15.VIII. (n. st.) 1876 G. Potanin [ZIN 232]. ' China: Peking. Rwr, det. 1955." [SMF R 11/8102/273]. 2, , 1 d', 4~ - Kyrgyzstan: Fergana Mts, Uzun-akhmat Range, 1~ - "Opilio trispinifrons Rwr. - 1d, 2~. Hongkong. Kichik-Saray on Turduk River, l2.-13.VIII.1930, L. Bianki. Rwr. det. 1955." [SMF R II/8104/275]. 1~ - "Opilio Euphalangium potanini (Sim.),1976. det. W. Starega [ZIN]. trispinifrons Rwr. -1 ~. China: Shanghai. Rwr. det. 1955." 9) Homolophus suzukii. 1 d - "Euphalangium krausi [SMF R II/8105/276]. 2 j - "Opilio trispin frons Rwr. - Silhavy 1 d Holotypus. Turkestan: Kustri - Tekkes. Sig. 1c?', 1 ~. China: Tientsin. Rwr. det. 1955." [SMF RII/ Roewer. Silhavy rev. 1967" [SMF R I/690 - the first name 8103/274]. 1, , 1 - "Opilio pallens (Kulcz.) -1 cr, 1. S. given by Silhavy, later changed by himself; so krausi re- Mongolei. Rwr. det. 1933." & "S. Mongoliet 1927." [SMF mained a nomen museorum]. Id, 3~, 7 j - "Opilio R III 4750/182]. 1 - - Novaya Tambovka, distr. parietinus Hbst. - 13 (d, ~, pull.). Turkestan: Kustri - Khabarovsk, 6.VI.1979, leg. A.B. Egorov. "Euphalangium " Tekkes. Euphalangium suzukii Silhavy, 1972, det. W. bidens (Sim.). 1984. det. W. Starcga [CJM]. Stargga 1984" [SMF R I/592]. 3) Egaenus oedipus. I d, 1 - - "Diabunus oedipus Thor. 10) Homolophus tibetanus. 1d - "Egaenus tibetanus (ex - 1c?, 1 - Persien: Kehresang. Roewer det. 1912" [SMF typ.) n. sp. Walton leg. 1904. Ygantse Tibet. Roewer det. R I/646]. 09". 2~ - "Egaenus tibetanus Rwr. Cotyp. Turkestan: 4) Himalphalangium palpale. 2, , 4~ - "Opilio palpalis Kustri. 2 Stuck - Roewer ded. 1915. No. 672" [both Rwr. - 2d, 4~ - Typus. Tibet: Tropde." [SMF R ZMH]. 2d - "Egaenus tibetanus Rwr. 1d, 1 - Cotype. 11/2156/99]. Tibet: Yangtse-Tal. Roewer det. 1911" [SMF R I/677]. 2d 5) Homolophus arcticus. 7, , 4 - - "Euphalangium nor- Egaenus tibetanus Rwr. 2 (d~) Type. Indus: Nirda & denskioldi (Kulcz.) - 7, , 4~, Malaise leg. Sept. 1920. Rongo. Roewer det. 1911" [SMF R I/674]. 18~, 2 j - "E Kamtschatka: Achomten-Bay. Roewer det. 1929" + gaenus tibetanus Rwr. 20~. Turkestan: Kustri. Roewer "Achamter Bay , 12/9 20, a 700 m, Kamtschatka Malaise" det. 1911" [SMF R I/672]. 1d, 2~ - "Euphalangium [NRS 6834]. 1d, 1 - "Euphalangium nordenskioldi trinkleri Rwr. - 18', 1~, 1 pull. [Typen]. Afghanistan: ostl. Kabul, Trinkler leg." [SMF R II/2824/111]. 1d', 1~ - (Kulcz.) - 1 d, 1. Kamtchatka: Achomten Bay. Malaise "O leg. Rwr. det. 1929." [SMF R II/1280/88]. 2 - - "Opilio pilio insolitus Rwr. - 1d, 1? - Typus. O.Turkestan: zichyi Rwr. - 1', 1 ~. China: S.Kansu. Rwr. det. 1933." Kaschgar." [SMF R 11/5883/214]. 7~ - "Opilio insolitus [SMF R II/4749/181]. 2d - Opilio nipponensis Rwr. - 2 Rwr. - 1, , 6 - Paratyp. O.Turkestan: Yarkand." [SMF d - Typus. Japan: Tokio." [SMF R II/5881/212 but locality R II/2882/213]. 9, , 2 - - "Euphalangium nordenskioldi doubtful!]. (Koch) - 11(d'~). Karakorum. Roewer det. 1955" [SMF R 6) Homolophus nepalicus. 1d - "Zacheus nepalicus II/6222/226]. 3, , 1~ - "Euphalangium nordenskioldi Rwr. Type - 1d. Nepal: Thamaspur, Terai. Roewer det. (L.K.) - 6d, 4~, 5 pull. Ost-Tibet. Roewer det. 1955." 1912" [SMF R 1/666]. 1d - "Egaenus asiaticus Rwr. 1 d [SMF R II/ 8660/287 - only a part, the other specimens be- Cotype. Assam: Samaguting. Roewer det. 1914" [SMF RI/ long to Euphalangium martensi and Opilio grasshoffi de- 1042]. ld - "Egaenus asiaticus Rwr. -1 Expl. - ex typ. scribed by myself (Starcga 1986)]. Assam: Samagooting" [SMF R I/1237]. Id' - "Opilio I1) Opilio canestrinii. 3, , 3~, 1 j - "Phalangium aborensis Rwr. -1 d - Typus. Assam: Abor-Distr." [SMF Canestrinii Thor. Italia: Caserea (Julia Thorell. J. Gruber

3 According to the files of ZIN there should be another original specimen (a male) Nr 231 "Zaysanskiy post , 15.-30.VII. (n. st.) 1877, Po- tanin" but it is lacking in the collection.

Acta Arachnologica, 52(2), December 2003 OArachnological Society of Japan On some Asiatic Opilioninae 101

rev. 1979: 1c' (Lectotypus), 2, , 3-, 1 j (Paralectotypen)" [SMF RII/11196/341]. [NRS 60 a]. Id', 1~ - "Phalangium Canestrinii Thor. 19) Opilio transversalis. 3 - - "Opilio transversalis Calabria: Canestrini: l d, 1 (Paralectotypen, J. Gruber rev. Rwr. - 3~ - Typus. Cypern: Famagasta." [SMF RII/ 1979)" [NRS 60 b]. 1, , 1 j - Switzerland: Lugano, 7415/257]. X.1946, leg. A.F. Gronberg. 1983. det. W. Starcga. 20) Scleropilio coriaceus. 13' - "Scleropilio coriaceus 12) Opilio coxipunctus. 1 - "Opilio parietinus 1~. Rwr. 1d - Type. Turkestan: Tekkes. Roewer det. 1911" Palastina: Jordan, Taufstelle. 23.XI.1911, Bri hl leg. [SMF R I/603]. Roewer det. 1922" [ZMB 9561]. 1 - "Opilio parietinus 1 21) Scleropilio tibialis. 13' - "Scutopilio tibialis Rwr. 1 ~. Beirut. Ehrenberg leg. Roewer det. 1922" [ZMB 9562]. d. Turkestan: Ferghana. Genotypus. Roewer det. 1955" 2d' - "Opilio cypricus Rwr. - 1d, 1 - Typus. Cypern: [SMF R 11/2825/112]. Id, 1~ - Tadjikistan, Pamir: Hodja- Famagasta." [SMF R II/7414/256]. 2d, 4~, 2 j - Jordanien: Nazar (between Sassyk-kul Lake and Koytezek Pass). 1976. Fuhais, IV.1980, leg. F. Krupp et W. Schneider. 1984 det. det. W. Starega [ZIN]. W. Starcga [CJM]. 1d, 1 ~, 2 j - Cyprus: Agia Napa, Moreover the data on all material revised or described in 10.12.2001 leg. J. Sawoniewicz [CWS 11/0021]. my previous papers (Starcga 1964, 1965, 1966, 1973, 1978, 13) Opilio dinaricus. 3d - "Opilio dinaricus Silh. - 2 1986). ~, 1 - Cotyp. Jugoslawien: Grotte Crnulja." [SMF R Acknowledgments 11/8194/277]. 14) Opilio hemseni. 1d - "Opilio hemseni Rwr. - 1 d My thanksare due first of all to my friendDr. ManfredGraBhoff - Holotyp. Iran: Pirbakran. Coll. Loffler." [SMF R (Senckenberg-Museum,Frankfurt a.M.) for his hospitalityand cordial help duringmy manystays in his museum.Also the curatorsfrom: II/10721/322]. 1~ - Northern Caucasus: Khamyshki, near Zoologisches Museum Berlin (then Dr. Manfred Moritz), Raskol-skala, 29.VIII.1937, A. Dyakonov. Opilio reginae ZoologischesInstitut and MuseumHamburg (then: Prof. Otto Kraus Star., 1976, det W. Starcga [ZIN]. 1~ - Turkey, Vii. andDr. GiselaRack), Zoologicheskiy Institut Akademii Nauk (at that Artvin: Arsian [Arsyanskiy post], 30.VII.1909, K. Satunin. time Leningrad,now St. Petersburg;then Dr. Natalya Zhilcova), Opilio reginae Star., 1976. det. W. Starcga [ZIN]. Id' - Zoologiska Riksmuseet Stockholm (Dr. Torbjorn Kronestedt), NaturhistorischesMuseum Wien (Dr. JUrgenGruber) I owe my best USSR, Georgia, Abkhazia: Kelasuri nr. Suchumi, near cave thanks.A specialposition holds Prof. JochenMartens, who not only Kelasuri, litter, 27.X.1981, leg. S.I. Golovatch. Opilio placedhis interestingcollection at my disposalbut alsodiscussed a lot reginae Star., 1984. det. W. Starcga. [CJM]. of problems. 15) Opilio insulae. 13' - "Opilio insulae Rwr. - ld - My studiesin museumsin Frankfurtand Hamburg, as wellas some Typus. Samos." [SMF R II/5412/198]. visits in Mainz were possibleowing to the grantsof the Deutscher AkademischerAustauschdienst (DAAD) in 1971and 1984. 16) Opilio laevis. Id' - "Opilio laevis Rwr. - Id' - Typus. Karakorum." [SMF R II/4808/183]. Does not belong References to Opilioninae (a Paroligolophus species near to agrestis - Caporiacco, L. di. 1935. Aracnidi dell'Himalaia e del Karakoram mislabelled?). raccolti dalla Missione Italiana al Karakoram (1929 - VII). Mem. 17) Opilio lederi. 1 - (holotype) - "Opilio lederi Soc. entom. Ital., 13: 113-250. Roewer. Kaukasus: Kussari. - Leder leg. (I.1886)". Cokendolpher, J.C. 1987. On the identity of the genus Homolophus: a Roewer det. (1911) (Holotypus - 1) ) [NMW 3880]. 1~, senior synonym of Euphalangium (Opiliones: Phalangiinae). Acta Arachnol., 35: 89-96. 1 j - Opilio lederi Rwr. - 1, , 1 - Type. Kaukasus: Cokendolpher, J.C. & Cokendolpher, J.E. 1984. A new genus of Kussari. 1~, 1 j - rev. J. Gruber" [SMF R 1/583]. 1 - harvestmen from Costa Rica with comments on the status of the (holotype of Phalangium coronatum) - Armenia: Neotropical Phalangiinae (Opiliones, Phalangiinae). Bull. Br. Aleksandropol, firing ground, 16.IX.1921 Shelkovnikov Arachnol. Soc., 6: 167-172. Cokendolpher, J.C. & Lee, V.F. 1993. Catalogue of the [ZIN 139]. 1d - Caucasus [South Georgia], Manglisi, Cyphopalpatores and Bibliography of the Harvestmen (Arachnida, Gorbachev. Opilio redikorzevi Rwr. 1976. det. W. Starega Opiliones) of Greenland, Canada, U.S.A., and Mexico. Vintage [ZIN]. 1 - NW Azerbaidshan: Aresh [near Shamkhor], Press, Lubbock, 82 pp. VI.-VII. 1893, [A.] Shelkovnikov. Opilio redikorzevi Rwr. Cokendolpher, J.C. & Rylander, J.K. 1986.Opilio bolivianus Roewer 1976. det. W. Stargga [ZIN]. 1d - Iran, Elbursgebirge: 1956: junior synonym of Cristina bispinifrons Roewer 1917 Shemshah (Moschee), 2700 m, 18.VI.1978, leg. J. Martens (Arachnida: Opiliones: 'Phalangiinae). Senckenbergiana Biol., 66: 339-343. et H. Pieper. 1984. det. W. Starcga. [CJM]. 6~ - Gricenko, N.I. 1975. Novye i maloizvestnye vidy senokoscev roda Azerbaidshan: Djafarkhan list. Saatly, cotton plantation, Scutopilio Rwr. (Opiliones, Phalangiinae) iz Sredney Azii. Entom. pitfall traps, l4.VII.1983, leg. A.A. Mamedov. 5, , 2,~1 j - Obozr., 54: 668-672. same place, 19-22.VIII.1983; Id, 3~ - same place, Gricenko, N.I. 1979. Senokoscy (Opiliones) iz aziatskoy chasti SSSR. 6.VII.1983; 3d', 5~, 1 j - same place, 14.VII.1983. 1984. pp. 28-38. In: Balashov Yu.S. (ed.). Fauna i ekologiya paukoobraznykh. Trudy Zool. Inst., 85. det. W. Starcga. [CJM]. Gricenko, N.I. 1980. K faune senokoscev (Opiliones) Mongolii i 18) Opilio saxatilis. 1c?' "Opilio cavernarum Rwr. - sopredelnykh rayonov Kitaya i SSSR. Nasekomye Mongolii. 7: 1d' - Typus. Jugoslawien: Grnkovaca Pecina" & 553-565. "Grnkovaca pecina, 15-8-36." [SMF R 11/9242/302]. 1c? Jastrzcbski, P. in press. Salticidae from the Himalayas. New species of Synagelides Strand, 1906. (Araneae: Salticidae). - "Opilio turcicus Rwr . - 2d - Paratyp. Taurus."

Acta Arachnologica, 52(2), December 2003 OArachnological Society of Japan 102 W. Stargga

Karsch, F. 1881. Chinesische Myriopoden and Arachnoideen. Berlin. Starcga, W. 1964. Materialien zur Kenntnis der ostasiatischen Entomol. Z., 25: 219-220. Weberknechte (Opiliones). I-IV. Ann. Zool., 22: 387-410. Kulczynski, V. 1901. Arachnoideak. Arachnoidea, pp. 311-369. In: Stargga, W. 1965. Opiliones. Ergebnisse der zoologischen Horvath G. Zoologische Ergebnisse der dritten asiatischen Forschungen von Dr. Z. Kaszab in der Mongolei. Weitere Funde Forschungsreise des Grafen Eugen Zichy, 2. Budapest & Leipzig. mongolischer Weberknechte (Materialien zur Kenntnis der Martens, J. 1973.Opiliones aus dem Nepal-Himalaya. II. Phalangiidae ostasiatischen Weberknechte, VI). Reichenb., 7: 113-116. and Sclerosomatidae (Arachnida). Senckenbergiana Biol., 54: 181- Starcga, W. 1966. Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Weberknecht-Fauna 217. (Opiliones) der Kaukasuslander. Ann. Zool., 23: 387-411. Martens, J. 1978. Spinnentiere, Arachnida. Weberknechte, Opiliones. Stargga, W. 1972. Revision der Phalangiidae (Opiliones), I. Gattung Die Tierwelt Deutschlands, 64. Teil. Gustav Fischer, Jena, 464 pp. Bunochelis Roewer, 1923. Ann. Zool., 29: 461-471. Nakatsudi, K. 1943. [On some harvesters from Manchuria and Inner Starcga, W. 1973. Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Weberknechte (Opiliones) Mongolia]. Zool. Mag., 55: 106-113. (In Japanese with English des Nahen Ostens. Ann. Zool., 30: 129-153. summary) Stargga, W. 1978. Katalog der Weberknechte (Opiliones) der Sowjet- Rafalski, J. 1960. Kosarze - Opiliones. Katalog fauny Polski, 32, 2.29 Union. Fragm. Faun., 23: 197-241. Pp. Starcga, W. 1984. Revision der Phalangiidae (Opiliones), III. Die Rafalski, J. 1961. Prodromus faunae Opilionum Poloniae. Prace Kom. afrikanischen Gattungen der Phalangiinae, nebst Katalog aller Biol. Pozn. Tow. Przyj. Nauk, 25: 325-372. afrikanischen Arten der Familie. Ann. Zoo!., 38: 1-79. Roewer, C.F. 1911. Ubersicht der Genera der Subfamilie der Stargga, W. 1986. Zwei neue Weberknecht-Arten aus Tibet Phalangiini der Opiliones Palpatores nebst Beschreibung einiger (Arachnida: Opiliones: Phalangiidae). Senckenbergiana Biol., 67: neuer Gattungen and Arten. Archiv Naturg., 77, I, Suppl. 2,106 pp. 131-136. Roewer, C.F. 1912. Revision der Opiliones Palpatores (= Opiliones Suzuki, S. 1950. Studies on the Japanese Harvesters. III. Description Plagiostethi) II. Teil: Familie der Phalangiidae. (Subfamilien: of a New Species, Opilio pentaspinulatus from Japan. J. Sci. Sclerosomini, Oligolophini, Phalangiini). Abh. Naturw. Ver. Hiroshima Univ., (B-1), 11: 45-48. Hamburg, 20: 1-295. Suzuki, S. 1972. Results of the speleological survey in South Korea Roewer, C.F. 1923. Die Weberknechte der Erde. Systematische 1966. XXIII. Opilionids from the caves in South Korea. Bull. Nat. Bearbeitung der bisher bekannten Opiliones. Gustav Fischer, Jena, Sci. Mus., 15: 453-454. 1116 pp. Suzuki, S. 1986. [Opiliones of Hiroshima Prefecture (Arachnida)]. Roewer, C.F. 1956. Uber Phalangiinae (Phalangiidae, Opiliones Hibakagaku, 132: 7-45. (In Japanese with English remarks) Palpatores). (Weitere Weberknechte XIX). Senckenbergiana Biol., Suzuki, S. & Kunita, T. 1972. [Opiliones of Ehime Pref., Shikoku]. 37: 247-318. Ehime no Seibutsu, 8: 89-94. (In Japanese with English explana- Saito, S. 1936. Arachnida of Jehol - Orders: Scorpiones, Araneina, tions) Opiliones & Acarina. Order Opiliones. Rep. First Sci. Exped. Tchemeris, AN. 2000. Contribution to the knowledge of the Manchoukuo, Sec. V, Div. I, Part IV, Art. 12, 12 pp. harvestman fauna in the Russian Far East and Eastern Siberia Schenkel, E. 1953. Chinesische Arachnoidea aus dem Museum (Arachnida: Opiliones). Arthrop. Sel., 9: 31-49. Hoangho-Peiho in Tientsin. Bol. Mus. Nac., N.S., Zoologia, 119: Tchemeris, AN., Logunov, D.V. & Tsurusaki, N. 1998. A contribu- 108 pp. tion to the knowledge of the harvestman fauna of Siberia Schenkel, E. 1963. Ostasiatische Opilioniden aus dem Museum (Arachnida: Opiliones). Arthrop. Se!., 7: 189-199. d'Histoire Naturelle de Paris. Mem. Mus. Hist. Nat., A, Zoologie, Tsurusaki, N. 2002. [Check-lists of the spiders, harvestmen, and mil- 25: 483-494. lipedes of Matsuyama City (Ehime Prefecture, Shikoku, Japan)], Silhavy, V. 1938. Vyznam tvaru kopulacnich organu v soustave pp. 139-152. In: [Check-list of the Wild Animals and Plants of sekacu a revise nekterych evropskych dmhu rodu Opilio Herbst. Matsuyama City, 2002]. (In Japanese) Sborn. Prirodoved. Kl., 3: 7-20. Tsurusaki, N. & Song, D.X. 2000. Order Opiliones, pp. 155-162, Silhavy, V. 1948. Zvffena sekacu (Opiliones) mohelnske hadcove 523-527, 702. In: Wenying Y, et al. (eds.). Pictorial Keys to Soil stepi. Arch. Sv. Vyzk. Och. Pfir. Moravskosl., 8 (Mohelno): 3-99. Animals of China. Science Press, Bejing, New York. Silhavy, V. 1966. Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Opilioniden-Fauna Tsurusaki, N., Tchemeris, AN. & Logunov, D.V. 2000 a. Two new Afghanistans (Arachn.). has. Moray. Mus., 51: 251-258. species of Opiliones from southern Siberia and Mongolia, with an Silhavy, V. 1967. Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Weberknecht-Fauna des establishment of a new genus and redefinition of the genus Sowjetischen Zentral-Asien (Arach,. Opilionidea). Acta Entomol. Homolophus (Arachnida: Opiliones: Phalangiidae). Acta Arachnol., Bohemosl., 64: 472-478. 49: 73-86. Silhavy, V. 1968. Beitrage zur Kenntnis der Fauna Afghanistans Tsurusaki, N., Tchemeris, AN. & Logunov, D.V. 2000b. (Sammelergebnisse von 0. Jakes 1963-64, D. Povolny 1965, D. Redescription of Scleropilio insolens from southern Siberia with Povolny & Fr. Tenora 1966, J. Simek 1965-66, D. Povolny, J. comments on the genus Scleropilio (Arachnida: Opiliones: Geisler, Z. Sebek & Fr. Tenora 1967). Opilionidea (Nachtrag). has. Phalangiidae). Acta Arachnol., 49: 87-94. Moray. Mus., 53, Suppl.: 313-319. Wang, F.-Ch. 1941. Chinesische Spinnentiere. I. Opiliones. Zool. Silhavy, V. 1972. Asiatische Arten der Gattung Euphalangium Anz., 135: 97-115. Roewer (Arachnida: Opiliones: Phalangiidae). Senckenbergiana Biol., 53: 101-108. Received November 19, 2003 / Accepted November 30, 2003

Acta Arachnologica, 52(2), December 2003 OArachnological Society of Japan