Journal of Survey in Fisheries Sciences 7(1) 1-7 2020

Length-weight relationships, condition factor and morphometric characteristics of ten Spirlin ( Jeitteles, 1861) from Iranian inland waters

Eagderi S.1*; Poorbagher H.1; Çiçek E.2; Sungur S.3

Received: August 2019 Accepted: March 2020

Abstract The length-weight relationships, condition factor and morphometrics of 10 species of the genus Alburnoides are provided from Iranian inland water. The a values ranged from 0.0037 (Alburnoides damghani) to 0.0128 (Alburnoides namaki), the b values ranged from 2.87 (A. namaki) to 3.50 (A. damghani) and the coefficient of variation (r2) ranged from 0.90 (Alburnoides samii) to 0.99 (A. namaki). Of these, Alburnoides coadi, A. damghani and Alburnoides eichwaldii show positive allometric growth while all the others are isometric growth. Mean condition factors (K) varied from 0.84 (Alburnoides holciki) to 1.37 (Alburnoides idignensis).

Keywords: Spirlin, Morphological variation, Growth coefficient, Iran

Downloaded from sifisheriessciences.com at 16:33 +0330 on Wednesday October 6th 2021 [ DOI: 10.18331/SFS2020.7.1.1 ]

1-Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran. 2-Department of Biology, Faculty of Art and Sciences, Nevşehir Hacı Bektaş Veli University, 50300, Nevşehir, Turkey. 3-Health Services Vocational School, Nevşehir Hacı Bektaş Veli University, 50300, Nevşehir, Turkey. *Corresponding author's Email: [email protected] 2 Eagderi et al., Length-weight relationships, condition factor and morphometrics of ten …

Introduction views, including , evolution, The genus Alburnoides, a member of ecology, behavior, conservation, water the family , possesses 13 resource management, and stock reported species from Iranian Inland assessment (Park et al., 2015; waters that 10 of them are endemic Vatandoust et al., 2015). The present (Jouladeh Roudbar et al., 2016; study aimed to reports LWRs Esmaeili et al., 2018; Eagderi et al., parameters, condition factor and 2019). The length-weight relationships morphometrics data of 10 species of the (LWRs) of fishes are used to estimate genus Alburnoides inhabiting Iranian the weight of a specimen from its inland waters. length and vice versa, understanding the life cycle, evaluation of fish stocks, Materials and methods ontogenetic changes and growth studies A total of 484 specimens of the genus (Froese, 2006; Cherif et al., 2008; Alburnoides were collected from the Kumolu-Johnson and Ndimele, 2010). Caspian Sea, Hari River, Namak Lake, Fulton’s condition factor (K) is often Dasht-e Kavir, Kor River and Persian used to quantify an ’s physical Gulf basins of Iran (Table 1) between well-being based on the assumption that July 2013 and August 2014 using heavier fish of a given length is in a electrofishing device. After anesthesia, better condition, and is considered to be the specimens were fixed into 10% a useful complement for growth buffered formalin and transported to the estimate (Tesch, 1968). In addition, it is laboratory for further study. a measure of various ecological and Morphometric measurements were biological factors, such as the degree of performed using digital calipers to the fitness, gonad development and nearest 0.1 mm based on Kottelat and suitability of the habitat (Mac Gregoer, Freyhof (2007). The specimens were 1959). Morphological studies on fishes weighed to the nearest 0.01 g, and then are important from various point of photographed.

Table 1: Details of the examined specimens for LWR analysis in the present study. no. species basin latitude longitude 1 A. coadi Dasht-e Kavir 35°43' 52°39' 2 A. damghani Dasht-e Kavir 36°16' 54°05' 3 A. eichwaldii Caspian Sea 39°21' 45°05' Downloaded from sifisheriessciences.com at 16:33 +0330 on Wednesday October 6th 2021 [ DOI: 10.18331/SFS2020.7.1.1 ] 4 A. holciki Hari River 35°05' 61°08' 5 A. idignensis Persian Gulf 34°23' 47°52' 6 A. namaki Namak Lake 34°53' 50°02' 7 A. parhami Caspian Sea 37°29' 57°26' 8 A. qanati Kor River 30°32' 52°02' 9 A. samiii Caspian Sea 38°17' 48°52' 10 A. tabarestanensis Caspian Sea 36°16' 53°12'

Journal of Survey in Fisheries Sciences 7(1) 2020 3

The length-weight relationship (LWR) Results and discussion was estimated by the method of least Descriptive statistics, including sample squares using the equation W = 훼Lb (Le size, length and weight ranges, and Cren, 1951; Wang et al., 2012; regression parameters of 훼, b and r2 of Tabatabaei et al. 2015) with 95% 10 studied species are presented in confidence intervals of the a and b Table 2 and the condition factor of constants, and logarithmically these species in Tables 3 and 4. Based transformed into LogW = Loga + on the results, The a values ranged from bLogL, where W is the total body 0.0037 (A. damghani) to 0.0128 (A. weight (g), L the total length (cm), b the namaki), the b values ranged from 2.87 regression coefficient and α the (A. namaki) to 3.50 (A. damghani) and intercept of the regression. The Fulton the coefficient of variation (r2) ranged condition coefficient was calculated from 0.90 (A. samii) to 0.99 (A.

according to Froese (2006) using K = namaki). The values of all examined WL-3×100, where K is the condition species were within the expected range factor, W = weight (g), and L = length of 2.5-3.5 (Froese, 2006). These results (cm). All statistical analyses were revealed positive allometric growth performed in PAST v 2.1 and Excel pattern for all species except 2016. A. tabarestanensis and A. namaki. In the previous studies Sabet et al. (2016).

Table 2: Descriptive statistics and estimated length–weight relationship parameters of the examined 10 species of the genus Alburnoides from Iran. Regression TL (cm) W (g) parameters Species 95% Type 95% CL n min max min max a b r2 CL of of 훼 of b growth 0.0015- A+ A. coadi 16 6.62 9.67 2.99 11.62 0.0047 3.45 0.97 3.21-3.96 0.0077 0.0016- A+ A. damghani 45 7.13 11.07 3.82 16.04 0.0037 3.50 0.92 3-30.860 0.0112 0.0055- A+ A. eichwaldii 60 3.98 10.98 0.59 10.87 0.0075 3.19 0.97 3.07-3.33 0.0094 0.0016- I A. holciki 27 6.54 9.43 2.37 7.82 0.0045 3.29 0.95 2.14-3.79 0.0575 0.0060- I A. idignensis 37 4.19 10.21 0.82 18.73 0.0103 3.13 0.95 2.97-3.36 0.0087 0.0075- I A. namaki 30 5.23 9.86 1.30 9.50 0.0128 2.87 0.99 2.65-3.12 0.0199 0.0063- I Downloaded from sifisheriessciences.com at 16:33 +0330 on Wednesday October 6th 2021 [ DOI: 10.18331/SFS2020.7.1.1 ] A. parhami 43 3.4 7.70 0.34 4.51 0.0082 3.07 0.98 2.97-3.21 .00950 0.0052- I A. qanati 35 5.81 10.40 1.74 10.25 0.0074 3.11 0.97 2.86-3.26 0.0124 0.0089- I A. samiii 41 6.43 10.83 2.49 16.57 0.0057 3.27 0.90 2.90-3.05 0.0122 0.0035- I A. tabarestanensis 93 3.54 11.98 0.41 17.56 0.0105 2.98 0.98 2.77-3.41 0.0150

TL= total length; W=weight; n= number of individuals; min= minimum; max= maximum; a= intercept; b= slope; CL= confidence limits; r2= correlation coefficient; I= isometric growth A+= positive allometric growth 4 Eagderi et al., Length-weight relationships, condition factor and morphometrics of ten …

Table 3: Range, Mean and Standard deviation of Condition factor of Alburnoides species from Iran. No. Species Range Mean±SD 1 A. coadi 1.02-1.36 1.21±0.09 2 A. samiii 0.80-1.39 1.02±0.15 3 A. tabarestanensis 0.81-1.30 1.0±0.09 4 A. idignensis 1.11-1.78 1.37±0.21 5 A. holciki 0.72-0.93 0.84±0.08 6 A. eiachwaldii 0.82-1.44 1.11±0.14 7 A. damghani 0.77-1.37 1.11±0.15 8 A. namaki 0.87-1.09 0.98±0.08 9 A. parhami 0.75-1.09 0.93±0.01 10 A. qanati 0.74-1.09 0.93±0.09

Table 4: Morphometric data of Alburnoides from Iran. A. coadi A. namaki A. samiii A. tabarestanensis A. damghani Characters Range Mean±SD Range Mean±SD Range Mean±SD Range Mean±SD Range Mean±SD Standard length(mm) 55.0- 43.5- 53.9- 59.5- 57.9- In percent of standard length85.6 76.3 75.6 93.5 111.1 Body depth maximal 28.2- 30.7±1 26.0- 28.1±2 25.3- 26.9±1 26.5- 27.5±0 27.3- 30.6±1.8 Caudal peduncle depth 10.832.1- 12.1±0.1 10.931.3- 11.6±0.0 10.129.4- 11.2±0.2 10.528.9- 11.5±0.7 11.032.5- 12.1±0.7 Pre-dorsal length 52.612.9- 54.8±1.7 50.012.9- 51.1±0.7 49.112.5- 50.8±1.7 49.912.8- 51.9±1.6 52.313.1- 54.5±1.0 Post-dorsal length 46.758.2- 49.1±1.9 50.151.9- 51.7±1.6 48.852.4- 51.4±1.1 48.753.3- 50.6±1.1 48.555.9- 51.4±1.3 Pre-pelvic length 48.151.1- 50.0±1.5 47.453.6- 49.0±1.3 45.454.2- 47.9±1.4 44.453.4- 47.2±1.3 44.753.3- 47.6±1.7 Pre-anal length 63.553.2- 67.5±2.7 62.451.2- 66.0±2.5 60.850.2- 64.3±1.5 62.749.2- 64.7±1.1 62.150.6- 64.6±1.6 Caudal peduncle 18.473.4- 21.3±1.4 20.771.4– 22.3±1.9 21.166.3- 23.9±1.6 19.867.7- 22.7±1.4 20.566.9- 23.7±1.4 lengthDorsal -fin base length 13.223.5- 14.9±0.7 12.724.0- 15.1±1.4 10.626.6- 13.9±1.7 12.125.0- 13.8±1.7 12.825.5- 14.7±1.6 Dorsal-fin depth 19.716.7- 21.5±1.9 21.216.3- 22.6±1.3 20.016.6- 22.4±1.6 20.015.9- 21.8±0.2 15.018.4- 20.5±2.1 Anal-fin base length 13.024.1- 15.9±1.3 12.424.5- 16.0±2.3 13.325.2- 16.0±2.5 14.323.7- 16.8±1.9 12.122.9- 14.8±1.7 Anal-fin depth 13.618.6- 15.6±1.7 13.519.8- 15.2±1.3 13.120.6- 15.4±1.0 13.719.5- 15.2±0.4 11.119.1- 14.9±1.6 Pectoral fin length 17.717.1- 19.7±1.0 17.916.7- 19.7±1.2 16.317.7- 20.4±1.5 16.617.3- 19.0±1.8 14.717.2- 18.6±1.8 Pelvic fin length 12.520.9- 15±1.5.0 15.121.3- 15.6±0.3 13.122.5- 15.0±0.7 13.320.7- 14.7±0.1 12.120.6- 15.2±1.6 Pectoral-pelvic-fin 22.117.2- 24.2±2 20.316.3- 23.6±1.4 20.316.1- 23.4±2.8 20.616.1- 22.9±1.8 20.518.0- 24.9±1.6 originPelvic -distanceanal-fin origin 17.228.4- 18.8±1.1 15.326.9- 17.9±1.9 15.626.9- 17.9±1.0 15.625.9- 17.7±1.4 15.527.3- 17.9±1.1 distanceBody width 12.721.0- 13.6±0.2 13.520.5- 18.4±4.9 11.520.5- 12.7±0.4 13.120.7- 14.5±1.5 8.820.6-19.6 14.3±3.5 Caudal peduncle width 2.314.7-3.1 2.7±0..7 2.924.5-5.9 4.2±1..0 2.213.7-2.9 2.5±0..6 2.817.1-4.4 3.4±0..1 1.9-4.6 3.2±0.8 Head length (HL) 23.7- 26.3±12 22- 24.7±11 20.4- 23.7±13 22.8- 24.5±15 22.6- 24.9±1.5 In percent of head length28.8 .5 25.7 .3 26.1 .5 26.6 .1 27.6 Snout length 18.2- 21.8±2 21.2- 24.5±2 19.3- 23.3±2 20.0- 22.8±2 17.9- 21.2±2.1 Eye horizontal 23.325.1- 25.7±1.3 27.927.2- 30.1±2.3 25.627.6- 27.6±1.3 23.426.6- 25.6±2.0 21.824.7- 25.9±2.3 diameterPostorbital distance 49.530.7- 54.6±2.8 48.634.4- 51.4±2.2 37.529.6- 50.3±6.2 46.830.3- 53.2±2.1 50.629.6- 54.8±2.7 Head depth at nape 72.358.9- 81.1±5.8 76.554.7- 83.8±4.5 72.566.3 – 81.7±5.2 73.057.5- 84.6±5.9 74.158.1- 84.8±5.8 Head depth at eye 44.989.7- 56.7±5.3 55.590.4- 58.4±3.9 49.394 - 56.2±3.7 49.893.3- 55.3±3.2 52.097.1- 57.8±4.1 Head length at nape 69.766.8- 73.8±3.4 82.164.7- 87.1±5.2 62.564.7- 80.5±7.7 72.260.9- 79.7±4.6 71.766.4- 78.2±4.9

Downloaded from sifisheriessciences.com at 16:33 +0330 on Wednesday October 6th 2021 [ DOI: 10.18331/SFS2020.7.1.1 ] Head width 43.580.5- 50.1±4.9 48.695.8- 67.3±1.4 43.989.8- 51.3±4.1 46.390.4- 53.1±5.7 33.685.3- 50.6±11. Inter orbital 30.857.0- 34.1±2.0 34.282.6- 45.9±94.2 32.659.4- 37.4±2.0 29.765.5- 36.2±4.2 21.967.6- 34.9±7.91 Inter nasal 16.737.5- 18.9±1.0 18.858.1– 25.8±5.9 20.241.5- 23.9±2.3 17.144.4- 20.5±2.2 13.250.0- 19.1±3.7 Mouth width 21.921.2- 26±1.8.5 27.233.0- 33.5±5.5 22.829.7- 27.3±2.6 20.324.1- 25.7±3.4 17.425.8- 26.4±6.6 Condition factors 1.0228.9- 1.21±0 0.8740.8- 0.98±0.3 0.8032.6- 1.02±0.6 0.8132.6- 1.0±0..3 0.7739.2- 1.11±0.1 1.36 .09 1.09 .08 1.39 .15 1.30 09 1.37 5 Journal of Survey in Fisheries Sciences 7(1) 2020 5

Table 4 (Continued) A. idignensis A. holciki A. eiachwaldii A. parhami A. qanati Characters Range Mean±SD Range Mean±SD Range Mean±SD Range Mean±SD Range Mean±SD Standard length (mm) 70.1- 54.6- 51.8- 24.2- 47.8- In percent of standard length81.8 79.4 67.8 54.2 85.9 Body depth maximal 28.6- 31.5±2 27.4- 29.4±1 27.0- 29.2±1 24.9- 26.9±1 25.1- 28±1.9 Caudal peduncle depth 11.435.7- 12.3±0. 31.89.7- 10.2±0.8 11.631.8- 12.3±0.3 10.430.2- 11.6±0.5 10.131.5- 11.7±0 Pre-dorsal length 50.313.3- 51.6±0.6 48.510.9- 50.5±1.4 49.812.9- 52.2±1.4 49.512.7- 51.7±1.7 48.812.8-53 51.1±1.7 Post-dorsal length 49.953.1- 52.0±1.9 49.251.4- 51.8±2.0 49.455.1- 50.8±1.5 49.453.5- 50.8±0.2 49.9- 51.9±1.1 Pre-pelvic length 46.253.3- 47.9±0.1 44.054.9- 47.1±1.3 46.153.1- 48.4±1.1 52.147- 49.1±1.9 46.854.4- 48.6±1.1 Pre-anal length 60.749.2- 63.7±1.9 60.649.6- 62.8±1.9 62.751.8- 64.8±1.4 60.853.7- 64.5±1.8 63.850.5- 65.1±1.1 Caudal peduncle 22.465.0- 23.6±1.3 18.565.9- 22.0±2.9 21.369.3- 23.6±1.5 20.366.9- 22.9±1.6 20.266.4- 24.2±1 lengthDorsal -fin base length 12.525.1- 14.4±1.0 13.824.3- 15.7±1.0 12.825.8- 14.5±0.1 14.525.6- 16.2±1.5 1126.5-18.6 15.1±1.6 Dorsal-fin depth 16.416.1- 18.2±1.2 21.317.7- 22.7±1.2 19.315.9- 21.5±1.9 20.519.2- 24.8±1.6 19-25.1 22±1.7.9 Anal-fin base length 14.120.6- 16.9±1.5 16.625.9- 18.8±1.5 13.523.9- 15.8±1.1 27.614- 16.2±1.9 11.8- 14.3±1 Anal-fin depth 12.118.6- 13.8±1.3 13.321.4- 15.5±1.7 12.818.1- 14.6±1.4 14.318.2- 16.1±1.4 12.916.2- 15.9±1.5 Pectoral fin length 15.715.7- 17.7±1.3 16.818.2- 18.8±1.6 15.317.1- 17.8±1.2 17.818.8- 21.3±1.2 16.818.1- 19.2±1.5 Pelvic fin length 13.120.1- 14.1±1.3 14.621.3- 15.7±0.5 11.320.1- 14.0±1.5 13.624 - 15.9±1.5 12.321.4- 15.3±1.6 Pectoral – pelvic-fin 22.916.5- 24.6±1.0 19.616.4- 22.5±1.6 21.216.5- 23.4±1.4 20.517.5- 22.2±1.1 2117.7-26.2 23.5±1.7 originPelvic distance– anal-fin origin 16.428.0- 17.8±0.6 16.823.5- 17.7±0.3 15.726.3- 17.9±1.7 15.224.9- 17.2±1.3 15.8- 18.2±1.4 distanceBody width 12.919.0- 15.8±1.9 11.118.8- 12.7±0.8 13.820.0- 14.8±0.4 10.119 - 12.8±2 11.519.8- 13.1±0.3 Caudal peduncle width 2.718.9-3.8 3.3±0.39 2.413.7-2.8 2.7±0..9 2.216.2-3.7 3.0±0..7 2.219.5-4.6 2.8±0..3 2.314.3-3.5 3±0.3.8 Head length (HL) 20.3- 23.6±1. 23.0- 23.9±02 23.2- 24.6±04 25- 26±0.76 22.6- 24.6±1 In percent of head length25.9 5 24.9 .7 25.5 .7 27.3 28.1 .4 Snout length 21.4- 23.7±1. 21.7- 24.5±2 21.1- 25.7±2 16.2- 20.2±1 17.6- 21±2.1 Eye horizontal 22.227.8 – 25.5±1.8 26.229.7- 28.9±2.9 24.028.8- 27.3±1.5 29.222.5- 31.7±2.5 2123.7-32.3 27.2±3 diameterPostorbital distance 53.229.0- 55.3±1.8 45.532.9- 52.4±5.4 46.730.1- 53.2±3.9 44.636.3- 48.4±1.1 47.6-62 53.4±3.1 Head depth at nape 82.858.3- 92.5±4.4 76.860.2- 81.6±3.6 73.959.5- 83.6±4.7 76.551.4- 81±2.5.8 75-99.1 87±5.9.7 Head depth at eye 58.197.1- 62.4±4.4 51.385.5- 56.7±3.2 53.791.6- 59.1±3.6 52.486.2- 55.7±2 53.6- 60.2±2 Head length at nape 73.369.2- 78.5±3.1 71.760.9- 77.4±3.1 73.266.2- 81.0±4.1 74.459.3- 79.4±2.2 77.863.4- 83.7±5.6 Head Width 53.383.3- 58.0±4.1 48.081.8- 50.8±2.8 48.491.6- 55.1±4.9 42.984.7- 52.8±1.9 100.144.7- 51.4±3.7 Inter Orbital 32.865.2- 37.1±2.2 31.855.5- 33.8±1.5 30.367.0- 35.9±2.5 32.291.3- 36.6±41.7 30.357.6- 34.5±2.4 Inter nasal 17.741.2- 19.4±14 18.935.7- 20.1±0.4 17.740.6- 20.4±1.7 17.149.5- 22.1±5 15.940.5- 19.2±2.8 Mouth width 18.520.7- 26.6±3. 21.321.7- 24.5±3.9 27.223.6- 31.1±2.4 22.138.4- 28.4±6.2 23.922.9- 27.5±2 Condition factors 1.1130.1- 1.37±0.5 0.7229.3- 0.84±0.0 0.8233.8- 1.11±0.1 0.7544.8- 0.93±0.1 0.7431.4- 0.93±0.1 1.78 21 0.93 .08 1.44 .14 1.09 .01 1.09 .09 Length-weight relationships of 7 for comparisons of life history and species of genus Alburnoides were not morphological aspects of populations yet available in Fishbase (Froese and inhabiting different localities (Cherif et Pauly, 2019), however all of the species al., 2008). of LWRs reported from different Mean condition factors (K) varied localities in Iran and Turkey. In these from 0.84 (A. holciki) to 1.37 (A. studies, general growth pattern idignensis). Higher than 1 (A. coadi, represented as isometric or positive A. samiii, A. tabarestanensis, allometric growth (Çiçek et al., 2016; A. idignensis, A. eiachwaldii and Downloaded from sifisheriessciences.com at 16:33 +0330 on Wednesday October 6th 2021 [ DOI: 10.18331/SFS2020.7.1.1 ] Mousavi-Sabet et al., 2016; Froese and A. damghani) can show a better Pauly, 2019). environmental condition (Eagderi and The results of this study can serve as Radkhah, 2015) for these species. baseline data on LWRs for the species to be used and comparison for further biological studies. 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