Iran. J. Ichthyol. (March 2021), 8(1): 67-75 Received: January 24, 2021 © 2021 Iranian Society of Ichthyology Accepted: March 28, 2021 P-ISSN: 2383-1561; E-ISSN: 2383-0964 doi: 10.22034/iji.v8i1.615 http://www.ijichthyol.org

Research Article

Documentation of the Turkestan barbel, conocephalus (Kessler, 1872) in the Iranian part of Hari River basin (Teleostei: : )

Soheil EAGDERI*1, Atta MOULUDI-SALEH1, Seyed Vali HOSSEINI1, Hamed MOUSAVI-SABET2

1Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran. 2Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Guilan, Sowmeh Sara, Iran. *Email: [email protected] Abstract: The Turkestan barbel, Luciobarbus conocephalus (Kessler, 1872), is documented from the Iranian Part of Hari River basin by providing its morphometric and molecular characteristics based on the nine collected specimens in July 2016. In addition, the ichthyofauna of the Hari river basin was discussed and an up-to-date inventory was provided. Based on the results, L. conocephalus was clustered in a clade as sister group of L. capito with K2P genetic distance of 1.8% in the mtDNA cytb region. Luciobarbus conocephalus probably has entered the Hari River from the Karakum Canal in Turkmenistan (diversion from the Amu Darya River) that in recent years was connected to the channels collecting the Hari River water. Also, a misidentified specimen of L. conocephalus sequence in the GenBank sequences is discussed. Keywords: Tedzhen River, Iran, Zoogeography, Cyprinidae. Citation: Eagderi, S.; Mouludi-Saleh, A.; Hosseini, S.V. & Mosavi-Sabet, H. 2021. Documentation of the Turkestan barbel, Luciobarbus conocephalus (Kessler, 1872) in the Iranian part of Hari River basin (Teleostei: Cyprinidae: Barbinae). Iranian Journal of Ichthyology 8(1): 64-75.

Introduction The Turkestan barbel, Luciobarbus conocephalus Iran harbors high diversity in freshwater fishes with (Kessler, 1872) was described originally from the more than 297 , distributing in 19 endorheic Zeravshan River, Uzbekistan. The Zeravshan River and exorheic basins (Esmaeili et al. 2018). Within does not quite reach to the Amu Darya, of which it Iranian members of the subfamily Barbinae was formerly its tributary. Turkestan barbel was (Cyprinidae), there are five genera, including reported from Amu Darya basin (Aliev et al. 1988; Arabibarbus (one species), Barbus (five species), Coad 2014), and the Karakum Canal, Kopetdag Luciobarbus (nine species), Mesopotamichthys (one Reservoir and Uzboi Lakes (Shakirova et al. 1994; species) and Schizothorax (three species) (Eagderi et Sal'nikov et al. 1995) in Turkmenistan. Coad (2014, al. 2013, 2019; Khaefi et al. 2017; Esmaeili et al. 2016) mentioned that this species may eventually 2018). The nine reported species of the reach the Caspian Sea basin and the Hari River basin Luciobarbus from Iran include: L. barbulus Heckel, of Iran but till now there is no record of this species 1847, L. brachycephalus (Kessler, 1872), L. capito in Iranian freshwater basins. We collected this (Güldenstädt, 1773), L. caspius (Berg, 1914), species from the Iranian part of the Hari River basin L. esocinus Heckel, 1843, L. kersin (Heckel, 1843), during an expedition in July 2016. Therefore, this L. mursa (Güldenstädt, 1773), L. subquincunciatus study was aimed to document the presence of (Günther, 1868) and L. xanthopterus Heckel, 1843 L. conocephalus by providing its morphological (Esmaeili et al. 2018). characteristics and mtDNA cytb barcode regionin. 67

Iran. J. Ichthyol. (March 2021), 8(1): 67-75

Fig. 1. Lateral view of Luciobarbus conocephalus collected from the Hari River.

Fig. 2. Hari River, natural habitat of Luciobarbus conocephalus, in the border between Iran and Turkmenistan.

(2014) were used to identify specimens. Counts and Materials and Methods measurements follow Armbruster (2012). Meristic Nine specimens of L. conocephalus were collected characteristics of the specimens were counted using Hari River near Pol-e Khatoun bridge in the a stereomicroscope and the morphometric features Khorasan-e Razavi Province, Hari River basin, Iran were measured using a caliper to the nearest 0.1mm (35°57'54.8"N 61°07'05.5"E) July 2016 during (Tables 1 and 2). Standard length (SL) was measured fieldwork on the ichthyofauna of Hari River basin from the tip of the upper jaw to the end of the hypural using an electrofishing device (Figs. 1, 2). The complex. Lateral-line scale count includes pierced collected specimens were preserved in 10% buffered scales, from the first one just behind the formaldehyde after anesthetizing with 1% clove supracleithrum to the posteriormost one at the base of solution and transferred to the laboratory for further the caudal-fin rays. The last two branched rays processing. Pectoral-fin tissues were directly fixed in articulated on a last compound pterygiophore in the 99% ethanol. The taxonomic key given by Coad dorsal and anal fins are noted as “1”. 68 Eagderi et al.- Documentation of the Turkestan barbel

DNA extraction and PCR: DNA was extracted from across sites and a proportion of invariable sites fin clips using a modified phenol-chloroform method (GTR). For BI, we ran four simultaneous Monte (Sambrook et al. 1989). The primers used to amplify Carlo Markov Chains for 7000000 generations, the cytochrome b gene were GluF (5′ - AACCACCG sample frequency every 1000 generations, chain TTGTATTCAACTACAA - 3′) and ThrR (5′ - temperature 0.2. Log-likelihood stability was ACCTCCGATCTTCGGATTACAAGACCG - 3′) attained after 10000 generations, and we excluded (Machordom & Doadrio 2001). the first 1000 trees as burn-in. The remaining trees Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) conditions were were used to compute a 50% majority rule consensus as follows: a 50μl final reaction volume containing tree. For ML analyses, we conducted heuristic 5μl of 10X Taq polymerase buffer, 1μl of (50mM) searches (1000 runs) under HKY+F+G4 model. MgCl2,1μl of (10mM) deoxynucleotide triphosphate Uncorrected pairwise genetic distances (p-distances) (dNTP), 1μl (10μm) of each primer, 1μl of Taq were investigated based on Kimura two-parameter polymerase (5Uμl-1), 7μl of total DNA and 33μl of (K2P) distances (Tamura et al. 2013). As outgroups, H2O. Amplification cycles were as follows: Cyprinus carpio (accession numbers: AB158807) denaturation for 5min at 94°C; 35 cycles at 94°C for retrieved from GenBank. 1min, 50°C for 1:15min, 72°C for 1:30min and a final Abbreviations used: TL, total length; SL, standard extension for 10min at 72°C. PCR products were length; HL, lateral head length; K2P, Kimura 2- purified using purification Kit (Expin Combo GP – parameter. Collection codes: IMNRF-UT, mini; Macrogen incorporation, Korea). The PCR Ichthyological Museum of Natural Resources products were sequenced using Sanger method by a Faculty, University of Tehran; STL, Saint Louis robotic ABI-3130xl sequencer using manufacturer’s University. protocol. The forward and reverse primers were used to single strand sequencing. Results Molecular data analysis: The retrieved sequences Nine specimens of L. conocephalus ranging 115.1- of the other members of the genus Luciobarbus from 153.6mm (Fig. 1) were collected from Hari River. GenBank database (NCBI) following a blast search The Morphometric measurements and meristic are shown in Table 3 (Altschul et al. 1990). counts of the preserved specimens are presented in Cytochrome b sequences were aligned together with Tables 1 and 2. Meristic and morphometric GenBank sequences with CLUSTAL W using characteristics of the collected specimen were in the default parameters (Larkin et al. 2007). We range of those reported by Coad (2014). The determined the best-fit model of molecular evolution specimens were deposited in Ichthyological Museum for the gene dataset using the Bayesian information of Natural Resources Faculty, University of Tehran criterion (BIC) in IQTREE 1.6.0 (Kalyaanamoorthy as: IMNRF-1003-10-18. et al. 2017). The model with the lowest BIC scores We were able to generate one new cytb sequence (Bayesian Information Criterion) was considered to of fish identified as L. conocephalus (accession best describe the substitution pattern (Nei & Kumar numbers: MZ063684) and in addition, 11 other 2000; Posada & Crandall 2001). For phylogenetic Luciobarbus sequences retrieved from GenBank. reconstructions, the datasets were analysed by Both the ML and BI phylogenetic trees were mostly Bayesian Inference (BI) using MrBayes 3.1.2 similar in their topology, therefore only the BI tree (Ronquist et al. 2012) and maximum likelihood (ML) including the posterior probability values from the method in IQTREE 1.6.0 (Hoang et al. 2018). Maximum Likelihood phylogram were presented MrBayes was run with 6 substitution types (nst=6) (Fig. 3). Table 4 presents the average estimates of and considered gamma-distributed rate variation evolutionary divergence based on the mtDNA cytb 69 Iran. J. Ichthyol. (March 2021), 8(1): 67-75

Table 1. Morphometric data for Luciobarbus conocephalus recorded from Hari River, Hari basin, Iran and Turkmenistan border. (SD =standard deviation; Min = minimum; Max = maximum).

Characters min max mean SD Standard length (mm) 115.1 153.6 In Standard length Body depth maximal 24.70 29.09 26.30 1.37 Caudal peduncle depth 10.61 11.41 10.91 0.28 Predorsal length 50.16 51.73 51.25 0.59 Postdorsal length 51.43 53.26 52.37 0.72 Prepelvic length 50.41 54.18 52.55 1.20 Preanal length 74.43 77.78 75.92 1.18 Caudal peduncle length 17.49 19.67 18.80 0.80 Dorsal-fin base length 12.73 14.45 13.59 0.58 Dorsal-fin depth 17.53 22.96 19.92 2.01 Anal-fin base length 6.28 8.07 6.95 0.55 Anal-fin depth 14.08 17.19 15.79 1.14 Pectoral fin length 17.29 21.33 19.37 1.43 Pelvic fin length 14.29 16.83 15.90 0.85 Pectoral – pelvic-fin origin distance 27.15 29.93 28.07 0.96 Pelvic – anal-fin origin distance 22.95 25.56 24.09 0.96 Pectoral – anal-fin origin distance 48.47 53.07 50.87 1.66 Caudal-fin length 18.29 25.09 20.79 2.28 Body width 12.67 16.66 14.84 1.48 Caudal peduncle width 2.86 3.74 3.36 0.27 In Head length Snout length 28.89 33.17 30.88 1.45 Eye horizontal diameter 15.01 18.46 16.63 1.18 Postorbital distance 50.25 57.35 52.63 2.50 Head depth at nape 65.13 75.46 68.21 3.67 Head depth through eye 41.84 47.05 45.19 1.95 Operculum depth 45.82 58.84 52.49 4.61 Head length back 84.44 91.71 88.69 2.43 Head Width 52.93 63.21 57.61 3.86 Inter Orbital 34.46 42.53 37.64 3.26 Inter nasal 21.29 25.70 22.64 1.77 Mouth width 24.20 29.01 27.18 1.91 1St barbel 14.08 20.43 17.04 2.39 2St barbel 19.47 25.72 22.76 2.14

region among the studied Luciobarbus species. drainage of Iran due to lackof a proper sampling and Based on the results given in Figure 3, limited studies. Roudbar et al. (2016a) and Mousavi- L. conocephalus was clustered in a clade as sister Sabet et al. (2018) reported 25 and 27 species, group of L. capito with K2P genetic distance of 1.8% respectively, including holciki, and according to the bootstrap support values (ML), Alburnus hohenackeri, Capoeta fusca, C. heratensis, the species-level nodes and between-species Carassius auratus, C. gibelio, Ctenopharyngodon relationships received the highest possible support idella, Cyprinus carpio, Garra rossica, Gobio (97-100). nigrescens, Hemiculter leucisculus, Hypophthalm- ichthys molitrix, H. nobilis, Leuciscus latus, Discussion Schizothorax pelzami, Sabanejewia aurata, Hari River forms the border of Iran, Afghanistan and Paracobitis longicauda, Paraschistura cristata, Turkmenistan and it is a poorly explored River P. turcmenica P. turcomana, Oncorhynchus mykiss

70 Eagderi et al.- Documentation of the Turkestan barbel

Table 2. Meristic data for Luciobarbus conocephalus recorded from Hari River, Hari basin, Iran and Turkmenistan border.

Characters Min Max Mean SD Lateral line Scale 56 62 58 2.07 Scales between lateral line and Dorsal-fin origin 10 12 11 0.90 Scales between lateral line and Anal-fin origin 7 8 8 0.38 Dorsal unbranched Rays 4 4 4 0.00 Dorsal branched Rays 7 9 8 0.58 Anal unbranched Rays 2 3 3 0.38 Anal branched Rays 6 6 6 0.00 Pectoral Rays 17 18 17 0.53 Pelvic Rays 8 8 8 0.00 Caudal fin rays 19 20 19 0.53 Gill rackers 16 22 18 2.00

Table 3. List of species used for molecular analysis for COI and GenBank Accession Number.

Species Drainage Country Reference Genbank Acc. No. Luciobarbus capito Terek River Russia Zardoya et al. 1998 AF045975 Luciobarbus capito Aras River Armenia Tsigenopoulos et al. 1999 AF145940 Luciobarbus capito NA - Yang et al. 2015 KP712171 Luciobarbus mursa Aras River - Levin et al. 2012 JF798262 Luciobarbus mursa Aras River - Levin et al. 2012 JF798263 Luciobarbus brachycephalus Aral Sea - Yang et al. 2015 KP712167 Luciobarbus brachycephalus Aral Sea - Jiang et al. 2019 MN460368 Luciobarbus subquincunciatus Tigris River drainage Iran Submitte; Gharaei and Raeis Azizi JN790242 Luciobarbus xanthopterus Tigris River Turkey Tsigenopoulos et al. 1999 AF145939 Luciobarbus esocinus Tigris River Turkey Tsigenopoulos et al. 1999 AF145934 Luciobarbus esocinus Yang et al. 2015 KP712264 Cyprinus carpio Lake Biwa Japan Mabuchi et al. 2005 AB158807

Table 4. Estimates of evolutionary divergence over sequence pairs between Iranian Luciobarbus species.

1 2 3 4 5 6 L. capito 1 0 L. conocephalus 2 1.8 L. esocinus 3 4.1 5.4 L. brachycephalus 4 2.8 3.4 4.3 L.subquincunciatus 5 9.8 10.9 9.8 9.3 L. xanthopterus 6 4.5 5.7 2.4 4.5 10.0 L. mursa 7 9.0 10.3 10.8 10.0 10.1 10.3

Gambusia holbrooki, Gasterosteus aculeatus, et al. (2019). Furthermore, S. aurata and Rhinogobius similis, and Luciobarbus cf. capito from G. aculeatus need further confirmation by specimens this Hari river drainage. Later Roudbar et al. (2016b) and therefore these two species should be excluded recorded Alburnoides taeniatus from this river from ichthyofauna of the Hari River basin. The drainage that was originally described from the Syr reported L. cf. capito by Mousavi-Sabet et al. (2018) Darya as Alburnus taeniatus and our recent was re-examined and identified as L. conocephalus. molecular data confirms, it belongs to the genus By adding L. conocephalus to the inventory, Alburnus. In addition, R. similis was misidentified ichthyofauna of the Hari River basin comprises 25 and based on the collected material, the correct confirmed species. species is R. lindbergi Berg, 1933 based on Sadeghi Hari River originates from the Kuh-e Baba 71 Iran. J. Ichthyol. (March 2021), 8(1): 67-75

Fig. 3. Bayesian consensus tree based on the mitochondrial based on the mitochondrial cytb gene (Values at nodes correspond to /ML bootstrap/ BI posterior probability).

Mountains of Afghanistan and flows west for about Central Asia and Afghanistan, originating from the 490km before turning north as the Iran-Afghanistan Pamir Mountains, north of the Hindu Kush. It is border for 160km. At Sarakhs after forming the Iran- formed by the confluence of the Vakhsh and Panj Turkmenistan border, it enters Turkmenistan and is rivers, on the border between Afghanistan and eventually lost in the Karakum Desert. Most of the Tajikistan, and flows toward north-west into the water in the Hari River remains in Afghanistan where southern remnants of the Aral Sea. Zeravshan River, it is used for irrigation of the Herat valley. Spring type locality of L. conocephalus, was formerly the floods (March-April) can increase flow ten-fold for tributary of the Amu Darya. short periods of time. Various tributaries from Iran Barbus brachycephalus (Kessler, 1872) was such as Kashaf River (with over 300km long) enter originally described from the Syr Darya in this River drainage (Coad 2014). Sal'nikov (1994, Uzbekistan, but also reported from the Southern 1995, 1998) and Coad (2014) mentioned that Caspian Sea basin (Esmaeili et al. 2018). The results L. conocephalus may be found in Hari River entering of our study based on specimens from Aral Sea from the Karakum Canal (a 1372km long diversion showed a K2P genetic distance of 3.4% with from the Amu Darya) of Turkmenistan that in recent L. conocephalus. Luciobarbus capito (Güldenstaedt, years was connected to the channels collecting the 1773) was originally described from the Kura River, Hari River water. The Amu Darya is a major river in Transcaucasia. This species is sister group of

72 Eagderi et al.- Documentation of the Turkestan barbel

L. conocephalus with a K2P genetic distance of Coad, B.W. 2014. Freshwater Fishes of Afghanistan. 1.8%. Luciobarbus caspius (Berg, 1914) is originally Pensoft Publishers, Sofia-Moscow, (accessed at described from Caspian Sea basin. There is no http://www.briancoad.com). Coad, B.W. 2016. Freshwater Fishes of Afghanistan. molecular data available for this species. But it has Pensoft Publishers, Sofia-Moscow, (accessed at been regarded as a synonym of L. brachycephalus, http://www.briancoad.com). but a valid subspecies (Bogutskaya & Naseka 2004) Eagderi, S.; Mojazi Amiri, B. & Adriaens, D. 2013. or a distinct species of L. caspius (Fricke et al. 2007). Description of the ovarian follicle maturation of the Here, we follow Eschmeyer et al. (2018), considering migratory adult female bulatmai barbel (Luciobarbus L. caspius as a valid species. Further study is needed capito, Guldenstadt 1772) in captivity. Iranian Journal of Fisheries Sciences 12(3): 550-560 to confirm the taxonomic statue of L. caspius. Eagderi, S.; Nikmehr, N.; Çiçek, E.; Esmaeili, H.R.; L. conocephalus Analysis of the generated Vatandoust, S. & Mousavi-Sabet, H. 2019. Barbus sequence with close species available in the GenBank urmianus a new species from Urmia Lake basin, Iran revealed a misidentified specimen. Our (Teleostei: Cyprinidae). International Journal of L. conocephalus sequence clustered with GenBank Aquatic Biology 7(4): 239-244. sequence labelled as L. capito (KP712171; Yang et Esmaeili, H.R.; Sayyadzadeh, G.; Eagderi, S. & Abbasi, al. 2015) with 0.5% K2P distance, indicating that K. 2018. Checklist of freshwater fishes of Iran. FishTaxa 3(3): 1-95. these GenBank sequence in fact represents Eschmeyer, W.N. & Fong, J.D. 2018. Species by L. conocephalus . This specimen deposited in the family/subfamily, in Catalog of Fishes, San Saint Louis University and its source mentioned as Francisco: California Academy of Sciences. unknown (STL778.01). But in this batch other Fricke, R.; Bilecenoglu, M. & Sari, H.M. 2007. species are Schizothorax pelzami, Capoeta Annotated checklist of fish and lamprey species cf. heratensis, L. brachycephalus that these are (Gnathostomata and Petromyzontomorphi) of probably from the Aral Sea basins i.e. the Syr Darya Turkey, including a Red List of threatened and declining species. Stuttgarter Beitr. Naturk. Sea A and Amu Darya River drainages. 706: 1-172. Acknowledgements Hoang, D.T.; Chernomor, O.; Von Haeseler, A.; Minh, B.Q. & Vinh, L.S. 2018. UFBoot2: Improving This study was financially supported by the theultrafast bootstrap approximation. Molecular University of Tehran. Biology and Evolution 35(2): 518-522. Jiang, H.; Geng, L.; Yang, J.; Tong, G.; Li, C. & Xu, W. References 2019. The complete mitochondrial genome of the Aliev, D.S.; Sukhanova, A.I. & Shakirova, F.M. 1988. Aral barbel Luciobarbus brachycephalus Fishes of the inland waters of Turkmenistan. Ylym, (: Cyprinidae: Barbinae). Ashkhabad. Mitochondrial DNA Part B 4(2): 3685-3686. Bogutskaya, N.G. & Naseka, A.M. 2004. Katalog Kalyaanamoorthy, S.; Minh, B.Q.; Wong, T.K.F.; Von beschelyustnykh i ryb presnykh i solonovatykh vod Haeseler, V. & Jermiin L.S. 2017. ModelFinder: fast Rossii s nomenklaturnymi i taksonomicheskimi model selection for accurate phylogenetic estimates. kommentariyami. Zoological Institute, Russian Nature Methods 14: 587-589. Academy of Sciences and KMK Scientific Press Ltd, Khaefi, R.; Esmaeili, H.R.; Geiger, M.F. & Eagderi, S. Moscow. 2017. Taxonomic review of the cryptic Barbus Altschul, S.F.; Gish, W.; Miller, W.; Myers, E.W. & lacerta species group with description of a new Lipman, D.J. 1990. Basic local alignment search tool. species (Teleostei: Cyprinidae). FishTaxa 2(2): 90- Journal of Molecular Biology 215(3): 403-410. 115. Armbruster, J.W. 2012. Standardized measurements, Larkin, M.A.; Blackshields, G.; Brown, N.P.; Chenna, landmarks, and meristic counts for cypriniform R.; McGettigan, P.A.; McWilliam, H.; Valentin, F.; fishes. Zootaxa 3586(1): 8-16. Wallace, I.M.; Wilm, A.; Lopez, R.; Thompson, J.D.; 73 Iran. J. Ichthyol. (March 2021), 8(1): 67-75

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ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ ﭘﮋوﻫﺸﯽ ﮔﺰارش ﺣﻀﻮر ﺳﺲﻣﺎﻫﯽ ﺗﺮﮐﺴﺘﺎن Luciobarbus conocephalus (ﻣﺎﻫﯿﺎن اﺳﺘﺨﻮاﻧﯽ: ﮐﭙﻮرﻣﺎﻫﯿﺎن: ﺑﺎرﺑﻮس ﻣﺎﻫﯿﺎن) درﺑﺨﺶ اﯾﺮاﻧﯽ ﺣﻮﺿﻪ روﺧﺎﻧﻪ ﻫﺮﯾﺮود

ﺳﻬﯿﻞ اﯾﮕﺪري*1، ﻋﻄﺎﻣﻮﻟﻮدي ﺻﺎﻟﺢ1، ﺳﯿﺪوﻟﯽ ﺣﺴﯿﻨﯽ1، ﺣﺎﻣﺪ ﻣﻮﺳﻮي ﺛﺎﺑﺖ2 1ﮔﺮوه ﺷﯿﻼت، داﻧﺸﮑﺪه ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻃﺒﯿﻌﯽ، داﻧﺸﮕﺎه ﺗﻬﺮان، ﮐﺮج، اﯾﺮان. 2ﮔﺮوه ﺷﯿﻼت، داﻧﺸﮑﺪه ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻃﺒﯿﻌﯽ، داﻧﺸﮕﺎه ﮔﯿﻼن، ﺻﻮﻣﻌﻪﺳﺮا، اﯾﺮان.

ﭼﮑﯿﺪه: ﺳﺲ ﻣﺎﻫﯽ ﺗﺮﮐﺴﺘﺎن (Luciobarbus conocephalus (Kessler, 1872 از ﺑﺨﺶ اﯾﺮاﻧﯽ ﺣﻮﺿﻪ رودﺧﺎﻧﻪ ﻫﺮﯾﺮود، ﺑﺎ اراﺋﻪ ﺻﻔﺎت رﯾﺨﺖﺳﻨﺠﯽ و ﻣﻮﻟﮑﻮﻟﯽ ﺑﺮاﺳﺎس 9 ﻗﻄﻌﻪ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﺻﯿﺪ ﺷﺪه در ژوﺋﯿﻪ 2016 ﮔﺰارش ﻣﯽﺷﻮد. ﺑﻪ ﻋﻼوه، ﻓﻮن ﻣﺎﻫﯿﺎن ﺣﻮﺿﻪ رودﺧﺎﻧﻪ ﻫﺮﯾﺮود ﻣﻮرد ﺑﺤﺚ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ و ﻓﻬﺮﺳﺖ ﺑﻪ روز آن اراﺋﻪ ﺷﺪ. ﺑﺮاﺳﺎس ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ، ﺳﺲ ﻣﺎﻫﯽ ﺗﺮﮐﺴﺘﺎن در ﯾﮏ ﮐﻼد ﺑﺎ ﻓﺎﺻﻠﻪ ژﻧﺘﮑﯽ 8/1 درﺻﺪ ﺑﺮاﺳﺎس ژن cytb ﺑﻪﻋﻨﻮان ﮔﺮوه ﺧﻮاﻫﺮي L. capito ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺖ. ﺳﺲ ﻣﺎﻫﯽ ﺗﺮﮐﺴﺘﺎن اﺣﺘﻤﺎﻻً از ﻃﺮﯾﻖ ﮐﺎﻧﺎل ﻗﺮهﻗﻮم ﺗﺮﮐﻤﻨﺴﺘﺎن ﮐﻪ در ﺳﺎلﻫﺎي اﺧﯿﺮ ﺑﻪ ﮐﺎﻧﺎلﻫﺎي ﺟﻤﻊآوري آب رودﺧﺎﻧﻪ ﻫﺮﯾﺮود (ﻣﻨﺸﻌﺐ ﺷﺪه از رودﺧﺎﻧﻪ آﻣﻮدرﯾﺎ) ﻣﺘﺼﻞ ﺷﺪه ، وارد ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ، ﯾﮏ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﺑﻪ اﺷﺘﺒﺎه ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﯾﯽ ﺷﺪه از ﺗﻮاﻟﯽ L. conocephalus در ﺗﻮاﻟﯽﻫﺎي ﺑﺎﻧﮏ ژن ﻣﻮرد ﺑﺤﺚ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺖ. ﮐﻠﻤﺎتﮐﻠﯿﺪي: رودﺧﺎﻧﻪ ﺗﺠﻦ، اﯾﺮان، ﺟﻐﺮاﻓﯿﺎﯾﯽ ﺟﺎﻧﻮري، ﮐﭙﻮرﻣﺎﻫﯿﺎن.

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