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01005886 c.i RESEARCH BOARD OF Biological Station, Nanaimo, B.C.

Circular No. 65

RUSSIAN-ENGLISH GLOSSARY

OF NAMES OF AQUATIC ORGANISMS AND

OTHER BIOLOGICAL AND RELATED TERMS

Compiled by W. E. Ricker

Fisheries Research Board of Canada

Nanaimo, B.C.

August, 1962 FISHERIES RESEARCH BOARD OF CANADA Biological Station, Nanaimo, B0C.

Circular No. 65 9^

RUSSIAN-ENGLISH GLOSSARY

OF NAMES OF AQUATIC ORGANISMS AND

OTHER BIOLOGICAL AND RELATED TERMS

^5,

Compiled by W. E. Ricker

Fisheries Research Board of Canada

Nanaimo, B.C.

August, 1962 FOREWORD

This short Russian-English glossary is meant to be of assistance in translating scientific articles in the fields of aquatic biology and the study of and fisheries. j^ Definitions have been obtained from a variety of sources. For the names of fishes, the text volume of "Commercial Fishes of the USSR" provided English equivalents of many Russian names. Others were found in Berg's "Freshwater Fishes", and in works by Nikolsky (1954), Galkin (1958), Borisov and Ovsiannikov (1958), Martinsen (1959), and others. The kinds of fishes most emphasized are the larger , especially those which are of importance as food fishes in the USSR, hence likely to be encountered in routine translating. However, names of a number of important commercial species in other parts of the world have been taken from Martinsen's list.

For species for which no recognized English name was discovered, I have usually given either a transliteration or a translation of the Russian name; these are put in quotation marks to distinguish them from recognized English names.

For species that occur in or near temperate and • North America, the name recommended by Bailey et al. (1960) has e* been used, or has been put first when more than one English &> ^ name is given.

Many Russian names for extralimital species are transla tions or transliterations of foreign names or of scientific names., The transliterations are mostly omitted here, but are included when their appearance might be unfamiliar.

Scientific names have been included in order to facilitate identification of each , but no attempt has been made to have these conform to any single reference source: the same fish may appear here under different generic and/or specific names.

Anyone wishing to delve further into the less common names will find that "Commercial fishes of the USSR" and Berg's "Freshwater Fishes" both include local and dialectical Russian names for many species, also names in other European and Asian languages. Names of other than fish are from a variety of sources, some of which are included in the list below. Russian ^ • names of water are from Ptitsy SSSR, and are fairly ^ complete for Eurasian species. Names of other aquatic animals and plants have not been systematically collected; large gaps will be evident. Many limnological terms and names of

(i) freshwater animals are taken from Smirnov's (1955) English- Russian glossary. Oceanographical terms are only sketchily treated; for these see Gorsky and Gorskaia's glossary. Names of fish are mostly from Goregliad (1955) and Liaiman (1957).

English equivalents for various specialized terms not available in the reference works consulted have been worked out - from the context in the course of making translations. ^ Dr. R. E. Foerster of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada ^ Biological Station, Nanaimo, contributed to this, and Dr. D. E. Bevan of the Fisheries Research Institute, University of Washington, supplied a large number of examples. The equivalents given for words of this sort may occasionally be misleading, partly because either the English or the Russian usage is not always fully established or fully consistent.^ For terms current in fish population biology the English definitions follow the usage of Ricker (1958); papers by Maslov (1957), Ivlev (1958), and Holt (1960) have provided many of the Russian terms. Some of the names for apparatuses and their component parts are from the work edited by Dolbish (1958). On pages 743-753 of "Commercial Fishes of the USSR", terms used in the systematic description of fishes and some of the concepts used in biology are defined and illustrated. Mr. D. E. McAllister of the National Museum of Canada has contributed the numerous osteological definitions. Physiologi cal terms are mostly from Winberg (1956). * Accents have been placed on words when the pronunciation ..*» could be discovered locally. They have been omitted, however, h from 2-syllabled masculine adjectives, which are accented on^ the first syllable if they end in bik or HM, and on the last if in OH. Unfortunately, time did not permit obtaining a complete guide to pronunciation. I am indebted to Mr. B. Goreloff, of the Bureau for Translations of the Secretary of State of Canada, for typing the Russian text of an earlier edition of this glossary and for correcting errors in it. Corrections have also been supplied by Dr. V. Loosanoff of the United States Fish and Wildlife Service, and by Mr. L. S. Bogdanov of the Institute of Oceanology of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR. The list of references to follow comprises the sources mentioned above, as well as some aids to translation from Russian to English in related fields, most of them contributed by Dr. Bevan.

(ii) Anon. Russian-English vocabulary, with a grammatical#sketch, to be used in reading mathematical papers. American Mathematical Society. Ainbinder, M. I., N. M. Allenova, N. A. Gall and L. V. Savina. 1959. [English-Russian meteorological dictionary.] Gosudarstvennoe Izdatelstvo Fiziko-matematicheskoi Literatury. Moscow, 244 pp. [Includes a Russian word •> list with page references T Bailey, R. M., and others. 1960. A list of common and scientific names of fishes from the United States and Canada (Second Edition). American Fisheries Society, Special Publ. No. 2, 102 pp. Barach, G. P. 1957. [The biology and production of the stocks of kumzha (/trout).] Akademiia Nauk SSSR, Ikhtiologicheskaia Komissiia, Trudy Soveshchanii, No. 7, pp. 235-242. Berg, L. S. 1949. [Freshwater fishes of the USSR and adjacent countries,] Izdatelstvo Akademii Nauk SSSR, 4th ed., 3 volumes, 1381 pages, Moscow and Leningrad.

Berg, L. S., A. S. Bogdanov, N. I. Kozhin and T. S. Rass (Editors). 1949. [Commercial fishes of the USSR^J ~ Vsesofuznyi N.-I. Institut Morskogo Rybnogo Khozfaistva i JP Okeanografii (VNIRO), Moscow. Text and . Bielkina, S. S. 1958. [English-Russian dictionary on ship building and construction of marine engines.] Gosudarstvennoe Soiuznoe Izdatelstvo Sudostroitelnoi Promyshlennosti, Leningrad. 578 pp. Borisov, P. G., and N. S. Ovsiannikov. 1958. [Key to the useful fishes of the USSR.] Pishchepromizdat [Food Industries Press], Moscow, 3rd ed., 283 pp. Callaham, L. I. 1947. Russian-English technical and chemical dictionary. John Wiley, 794 pages, New York. Dolbish, V. S. (Ed.). 1958. [Fishing apparatus in far- eastern waters.] Pishchepromizdat, 219 pp., Moscow.

Fadeev, V. G., V. N. Gerngross and N. N. Starov. 1959. [Marine dictionary.] Voennoe Izdatelstvo Ministerstva Oborony SSSR, Moscow, vol. 1, 432 pp., vol. 2, 440 pp. [This is primarily a Russian encyclopedia, but English 4^, names are often given and the short descriptions in Russian a'nd the numerous figures and sketches illustrate specialized uses of marine terms.]

(iii) Galkin, G. G. 1958. [Atlas of the scales of freshwater bony fishes.] Izvestiia Vsesoiuznogo N.-I. Instituta Ozernogo i Rechnogo Rybnogo Khoziaistva (VNIORKh), Vol. 46, 105 pp. Galperin [Halperin], G. L., and G. V. Gospodinov. 1958. [English-Russian dictionary on cartography, geodesy and aerial phototopography.] Gosudarstvennoe Izdatelstvo Fiziko-matematicheskoi Literatury. Moscow, 546 pp. [Includes a Russian word list with page references.]

Galtsoff, Paul S. 1956. Glossary of marine conversation terms in English and Russian, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Circular No. 43, 129 pages. Gertsfeld [Herzfeld], K. M. 1960. [English-Russian dictionary of pure and applied chemistry.] Fizmatgiz. Moscow, 706 pp. Goregllad, Kh. S. 1955. [Diseases and enemies of fish.] Gosudarstvennoe Izdatelstvo Selskokhoziaistvennoi Literatury, 285 pp., Moscow. Gorsky, N. N., and V. I, Gorskaia. 1957. [English-Russian dictionary of oceanographical terms.] Gosudarstvennoe Izdatelstvo Tekhniko-teoreticheskoi Literatury. 292 pages, Moscow. [This includes a Russian word list with page references, so that it can also be used as a Russian-English dictionary.]

Holt, S. J. 1960. Multilingual vocabulary and notation for fishery dynamics. FAO, 42 pp., Rome. Ivlev, V. S. 1958. [Some elementary theorems of the ecological basis.of the theory of fishing.] Izvestiia VNIORKh, Vol. 47, No. 2, pp. 27-40. 1958. Liaiman, Z. M. 1957. [Fish diseases.] Pishchepromizdat, Moscow, 259 pp< Martinsen, G. V. (edited by T. S. Rass). 1959. [Catalogue^of some commercial fishes.] VNIRO, Nauchno-tekhnicheskaia Informatsiia, No. 2, pp. 1-42. [Multigraphed] Maslov, N. A. 1957. [Prediction of the supply^ of fish for and character of a trawl fishery.] Trudy Poliarnogo N.-I. Instituta Morskogo Rybnogo Khoziaistva i Okeanografii (PINRO), Vol. 10, pp. 5-29. Multanovsky, M. R., and A. Ivanova. 1958. [English-Russian medical dictionary.] Gosudarstvennoe Izdatelstvo Meditsinskoi Literatury. Moscow, 635 pp.

(iv) Nikolsky, G. V. 1954. [Descriptive .] 2nd ed., 458 pp., Sovietskaia Nauka Press, Moscow. Ricker, W. E. 1958. Handbook of computations for biological statistics of fish populations. Bulletin of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada, No. 119, 300 pp. Smirnov, N. N. 1955. [Anglo-Russian hydrobiological dictionary.] Gosudarstvennoe Izdatelstvo Tekhniko-tearetlcheskoi Literatury. 168 pages, Moscow. [This is also available in a Russian-English version, published by Consultants Bureau, New York.] Spengler, 0. A., and E. N. Spengler. 1959. [Hydrological dictionary in foreign languages.] Gidrometeorologicheskoe Izdatelstvo. Leningrad, 214 pp. Winberg, G. G. 1956. [Rate of metabolism and food requirements of fishes.] Nauchnye Trudy Belorusskogo Gosudarstvennogo Universiteta imeni V. I. Lenina, Minsk, 253 pp. Zimmerman, M. G. 1961. [A short manual for translating^ scientific and technical texts from Russian to^English.J Biuro Perevodov Vsesoiuznogo Instituta Nauchnoi i Tekhnicheskoi Informatsii Gosudarstvennoi Nauchno- tekhnicheskoi Komissii Soveta Ministrov SSSR i Akademii Nauk SSSR. Moscow. ~p

(v) Note

In general, compound names should be looked for under the noun rather than the adjective. For example, look for cepan nepna under piepna, not oepan.

Principal exceptions to this rule are certain very general nouns, such as pBlda, HTHlja, qepBB, koctb, xo3hMctbo, etc. In these instances the adjective is more likely to be listed', or sometimes both noun and adjective. Also, the numerous compounds of MopcKoS and sadepHBH are listed briefly under those adjectives, as well as under the nouns they modify.

Q£l

%

(vi) A

adHOTPrcecKHM non-biological, physical, physico-chemical

adHCCaJiBHbIM abyssal, abysmal adcoJrtbTH3.il flJiHH^. (see nmmA Bcerd TeJia) aBflOTKa stone curlew (Burhinus oedicnemus) arpaxaHKa agrakhanka--a shad ( brashnikovi agrachanica) a#anTai]#tf (see npHcnooodjieHHe) a#3H, aflH "kaluga" (Huso dauricus) asadaq azabach--a stock of late-running, small-sized sockeye in the Kamchatka River (Oncorhynchus nerka asabatsch Berg)

asAHK asdic anp sweet flag (Acorus)

ajiOT stork dd/lBM a. white stork (Ciconia ciconia) - dojiBinow a. (= dejibiw a.) ,>• qe*pHHM a. black stork (C. nigra) aicaHT0l];e$ajie3 (or -03) acanthocephalosis--infestation by Acanthocephala SKBaTdpHH expanse, area (set aside for special use) a. HepecT&jrain; spawning areas atdida or araidKa ringed seal (Phoca hispida) aKKJiHMaTH3aiiHH 1. (= npHonoodjitee 1.); 2. acclimatization (establishment of a plant or in a new land or new habitat; this may or may not require new adaptations) aK^Jia 1. (in general); 2. (Eur.) tope (Galeus vulgaris) doJIBHliff nHTHAcTaff a. (Eur.) greater spotted dogfish (Scyliorhinus stellaris) rHrdHTCKan a. basking shark (Cetorhinus maximus) roJiydsLn a. blue shark (Prionace glauca) Komfaajl a. spiny dogfish, piked dogfish (Squalus acanthias) KOmaq&H a. (Eur.) lesser spotted dogfish (Scyliorhynchus caniculus) KyHBH a. (Eur.) smooth hound (Mustelus mustelus) M^naa a, (Eur.) lesser spotted dogfish (Scyliorhynchus caniculus) neJiarifaeoKafl a. thresher shark (Alopias vulpinus) nJiam;eH6oHaH a. frilled shark (Chlamydoselache anguineus) noJlitpHafl a. shark (Somniosus microcephalus) - 2 -

ceJlhReB&R a. 1. (Atl.) shark, porbeagle (Lamna cornubica); 2. (Pac.) salmon shark (L. ditropis) cAhhh a. blue shark (Prionace glauca) cynoB^LH a. soupfin shark (Galeorhinus spp.) aK$Jia.-JBOp,o6R blue shark, man-eating shark (Priohace glauca) aKyJloodp43HHe Elasmobranchii, and rays (a Class of vertebrates) aH^JIH sharks ffp^BHHe a. suborder Hexanchoidei HacToAnpe a. suborder Selachoidei por^Tbie a. suborder Heterodontidei ajiadajiax. "alabalakH' 'a river form of Sevan trout--Salmo ishchan) aneilKsaEr lanceufibn- (Alepisaurus ferox, A. richardsoni) aJI^oa (Eur.) all is shad (Alosa alosa) attBdaKOp albacore, iong-finned (Thunnus alalunga) aJlBdaTpoo albatross, (Diomeda) deJiociiHHMBiK a. Steller's albatross (Diomeda albatrus) TeMHOcni'liiHHK a. Laysan albatross (D. immutabilis) xjepnoiioFril a. black-footed albatross (D. nigripes) aJiBroJi6rnH algoiogy aMdpa ambergris aMHJia3a amylase aMHH bowfin, dogfish (Amia calva) aMyp -- see d&Tibift aMyp and tophhK aMyp aMypcKHM com (Parasilurus asotus) aM$HdHHHHW amphibious aHaJiBHBiM anal a-Hoe OTB^poTHe anal opening, anus a-Haa naiufcjuia anal anreji angel MopoKoM a. 1. (Atl.) monkfish (Squatina squatina)? -2. (Pac.) Pacific angel shark (S. californica) - 3 - aHTeaHaJlBHblM pre-anal a-Hoe paooToAaMe distance from end of snout to the insertion of the anal fin aHTeZlopcaJIBHBTM predorsal • a-Hoe paoeTOJtaie predorsal distance, distance from end of snout to the insertion of airaoyo .1 . (any species of ); 2„ (- eBponeMoKKK a.) aBCTpaJIHKCKHit- a. Australian anchovy (E. australis) aadBOKRW. a0 Azov anchovy (E. encrasicholus maeoticus) AaJlBHeBOCTd^HBiM a. Pacific anchovy (E. japonicus) eBpon^MCKKM an (Eur.) anchovy (E. encrasicholus) CBeTHfflJlMcji a, a fish of the Order Scopeliformes—iuminous pelagic fishes oeBepC'aTJiaHTlfece.CKHi! a„ North Atlantic anchovy 0peAH3eMH0M6pcKHM a, Mediterranean anchovy (E. e. medlterranevvs) qspHOMdpOKKii a0 Black Sea anchovy (E. e. pon.ticus) K)3KHoaTJia>HTH'qec;KHR a. South Atlantic anchovy (E. e. Merid Loncv.lis) HnOHCKHM a. Pacific anchovy (E. japonicus) aHEJIHKaTa Z-coordinate (math,) annpoKCHMMpyeMooTB approxioiability apadan arabach—a stock of small sockeye found in the Kamchatka River (Oncorhynchus nerka arabatsch Cuvier et /Valenciennes)' .apanaMMa (S. Am.) arapaima (Arapaima gigas) apPeHTHHa argentine (Argentina silus) apryjie3 argulosis (infestation by the branchiuran fish parasite Argulus) apeajt, .or apeaji paonpocTpaH&iHH range (of an organism) appHnHC-e'pni (Aust.) ruff (Arripis georgianus) acoopTHM^HT distribution, frequency distribution paSMepHBIM a0 size distribution - 4 - acn#AHtf ascidian, sea-squirt; (pi.) Ascidiae (a Class of ) aTaMKa ruddy shelduck (Casarca ferruginea) aTepHHa (or aTepHHKa) atherinid apreHTfeoKaui a. Argentine atherinid (Odonthestes argentinensis) . . KaJIHfopHliMCKafl a. jacksmelt (Atherinopsis calif orniensis) qepHOM6pCKafl a. Black Sea atherinid (Atherina mochon pontica) aTyH (So Afr.) snoek (Thyrsites atun) ayKOHO () frigate mackerel (Auxis thazard, A. tapeinosoma, A. mary) ayxa Chinese (Siniperca chua-tsi) a$aJIHHa bottlenose (Tursiops truncatus) axana a kind of net used on the at Kuibyshev aio ayu, sweetfish (Plecoglottis altivelis) - 5 -

d^dKa 1. peasant woman; 2. midwife; 3- monkey; 4. ".monkey goby" ( fluviatilus); 5. "toad goby" (Mesogobius batrachocephalus); 6. weight, ram (of a pile-driver) dadotiHHlja moth fly, (pi.) Psychodidae darpibnca 1. whelk; 2. a red alga darpHHKH Rhodophycea, red d^3a 1. base; 2. basis; 3. supply KopMOB&i d. food supply, nutritive base CBIpbeBafl: 6, 1„ raw material; 2. supply (of fish), "the quantity of fish, of one or more than one species, available to a particular kind of fishery in a particular •region" (Maslov--compare CT^iflO, 3andc) dasdp 1. market; 2. colony (of animals) nTH^HH d. (nesting) colony of birds, rookery dasHC^eHOHA baslsphenoid (bone) daKJI^H cormorant, shag (Phalacrocorax) depHHroB d. pelagic cormorant, pelagic shag (P. pelagicus) doJlBlHOH d. common cormorant (P. carbo) flJlHHHOH(5cBlK d. shag (P. aristotelis) KpacHOJlltl]j# d. bare-faced cormorant (P. urile) M&JlbW d. pygmy cormorant (P. pygmaeus) ycoypHMcKuM d. Temminck's cormorant (P. filamentosus = capillatus) da?lJl unit of wind velocity (Beaufort scale) iihtb daJiJiOB wind force 5 daJltaK some kind or form of processed salmon, or container for same daJlHHyc 1. acorn barnacle, especially those of the Balanus; 2. any barnacle dapad^JiBKH or dapd^JlH 1, any surmullet (Mullidae); 2. (= dapad^JiH Kp^cHan) d. KpdoHaH (Eurasia) red mullet, red surmullet, goatfish (Mullus surmuletus = M. barbatus) TIOJIOC&TQJI d. surmullet (Mullus surmuletus) tiepHOMcSpcKaff d. Black Sea surmullet (M. s. ponticus) - 6 - dappaKyfla barracuda KopOTKOnepaa d. (Aust.) snook (Australuzza novaehollandiae) dappaMyHfla barramunda, Australian lungfish (Neoceratodus forsteri) daoc^MH watershed, basin daXTaK (jieTHHM) a form of the Sevan trout (Salmo ishchan) dflejui03 infestation by leeches deryHOK cream-coloured courser (Cursorius cursor) deflpd .1. femur; 2. thigh; 3. hip de3HC$rHf? legless, apodal de3no3B6H

decno3BOH6*iHHe , Invertebrata

decii03B0H(foHHK 1 . lacking vertebrae; 2. an (animal)

deonrfjiBM asexual deccTedeJlB^aTHe Eleutherozoa (a Subphylum of echinoderms) deo^eJn6oTHHe , jawless vertebrates demeHKa black-backed shad (Alosa kessleri kessleri) - 8 - dHOM^oca standing crop (in weight), biomass dnooTOK (see ctok) dnpKHOK "Don " (Acerina acerina) diJccyc byssus--a of fish dJieoHd troll (spoon) djioxd flea BOflflH&l d. water flea, cladoceran; (pi.) Cladocera MOpcKdfl d. a (marine) gammarid amphipod dJl6qHHM (adj. from Cjiok) block dJl6fle*IKO 1. saucer; 2. limpet (Patella) dodHHen; roller (on the ground line of a trawl) dodp beaver (Castor fiber) dodpoBaH iuiaTifaa beaver dam dodfiipeij; "Don chub" ( borysthenicus) doflffiaK a slow-growing form of Sevan trout (Salmo ishchan) d6)KBH KOp6BKa ladybird beetle, coccinellid dOHDpBaE pskdKa fighting fish (Betta splendens) doKOB&i 3aTBWoqHafl (koctb) exoccipital (bone) doKOBin jiAhhh doKOBHe rydHi&e 3#dBl lateral tooth bar (of lampreys) doKOHepBHHe Amphineura (a Subphylum of molluscs) doKOlTJiaBB amphipod, scud, side-swimmer (Gammarus, etc.); (pi.) (a group of ) dojld3HB disease MHnrOTHaff d. "lump disease"--found in cyprinids and white: fishes, and caused by the sporozoan Thelohanellus doJlrfTHHlja spike rush (Eleocharis) doJK&ro 1. bog; 2. (less accurately) swamp - 9 dOJlBmepOT 1. swallower, hinge-jaw (Eurypharynx pelecanoides); 2. any fish of the family Saccopharyngidae doHHTO (= neJiaMHfla) OflHOIJB^THHtl d. plain (Orcynopsis unicolor, or Auxis rochei) dopOflaBqaTKa CTp&IIHaH "horrid beardling"--a cottoid (Synanceia horrida) dopo3,a;iiHa elongate submarine "valley" or trough dOTTJieH(5c bottlenose whale (Hyperoodon ampullatus) d6^Ka 1. mooring buoy; 2. cask, barrel dpaKOBaHirf defective dpaKOHB^poKHM 1. excessive, rapacious; 2. poaching (adj.) d. np6MBlceJI illegal fishery (for spawning salmon, etc.) dpaKOHB^pcTBOBaTB to poach (fish or game) dpaHXH0MHK03 branchiomycosis, -rot (a fish disease) dp&qHBiH pertaining to reproduction, nuptial d. Hapafl, or d-Hafl OKpdcKa breeding colour(s) dpaMIHJIB windlass, anchor winch dpHfleJlB 1. bridle (on a net); 2. anchor chain dpoflflrine Errantia (a Subclass of annelids) dpyc timber, square beam dpsbBKeMKa mesentery dp£!3raJIBU;e 1. spiracle (of sharks); 2. splashing dpferyH archerfish (Toxotes jaculator) drjoxoHdrHK (mojijiAck) snail, gastropod; (pi.) Gastropoda (a Class of molluscs) dpsoxonepue fishes having their pelvic fins in the abdominal position - 10 -

dpoxopecHHxiHblH qepBB gastrotrich; (pi.) Gastrotricha (a Phylum of small animals) dpanuma peritoneum dpECMHOH 1. ventral; 2. pelvic; 3. abdominal dydoHHaH d0Ji^3HB ycaxieM bubonic disease of barbels--caused by Myxobolus pfeifferi

dydnpB a goby (Bubyr) dyr6p 1. tubercle, protuberance; 2. mound of a salmon nest after the eggs are covered; hence 3. the nest or redd as a whole

dye'K, dyft buoy dyftcAp 1. tugboat, tug; 2. tow-line dyJiaT-Maw "bulat-mai"--a cyprinid fish ( capito) dypaK "-pot" (a small conical trap made of wood, used to catch lampreys on the Neva River) dyproMHCTp glaucous gull (Larus hyperboreus) dypeB^CTHHK shearwater (Procellaria = Puffinus spp.) m&jhm d. Manx shearwater (P. puffinus) necTpoJiADjjM d. streaked shearwater (P. leucomelas) cepyH d. sooty shearwater (P; grisea) TOHKOKJfibBHit d. slender-billed shearwater (P. tenuirostris) dyrbUiKOH6o bottlenose whale (Hyperoodon) BHCOKOJlddHtt d. bottlenose (H. ampullatus) dyq bow net dEDK 1 . bull; 2. pier dyraS-BOflflHoM d. (Eurasian) bittern (Botaurus stellaris) dHK-ropfleHB buntline dHCTpHH^. riffle, rapids (in a river) dHCTpjfeaca bystranka, "riffle minnow" (Ger. Schneider) (Alburnoides bipunctatus) CbvpRaphinoKasi 6. "Syr-dar bystranka" (A. taeniatus) - 11 ~

6WIK&. gobies, dHqK^-noflK^eHlllJlKH or dHqKH-por^TKH , bullheads (Cottddae) 6wi6k 1. (= dHq6K-npecHOB6flHbni); 2. (= dbiqdK-pord.TKa); 3. goby (any Gobiidae) daxpoMqaTHH d. "fringed " (genus Porocottus) KpoqKOpdrHM d. hookear sculpin (genus Artedielus) M&IHK do (Baltic) "little goby" (Pomatoschistus minutus) ceflJIOBHflHBlH d. "saddle sculpin" (genus Microcottus) TpydKOHOCHW d. "tubenose goby" (genus Proterorhinus) qepHHK d. (Eur.) black goby ( niger) ^eTBipexporHH d. fourhorn sculpin ( quadricorni;, qyx6TOKHM daxpoMqaTHM d. "Chukchi fringed sculpin" (Porocottus quadrifilis) nuieMOHOOHHH d, staghorn sculpin (genus Gymnocanthus) dnq^K-dddKa "monkey goby" (Neogobius fluviatilis) dHq6K-dado^'Ka "butterfly sculpin" (Melletes sp.) dBradK-dytoojl CqyKdTCKHM) "Chukchi buffalo sculpin" (Taurulus sp. ) dBra6K-roJIOB4"q "bighead goby" (Gobius kessleri) 6m6K-roil6u ''ocad goby" (Mesogobius gymnotrachelus) OHq6K«-ropJiaiX ' aorlap goby" (Gobius gorlap) dtrabK-rydaH "guban goby" (Gobius platyrostris) dtmbK-ffiada "toad goby" (Mesogobius batrachocephalus) dHS<5K-Kade36H (Am.) cabezone (Scorpaenichthys marmoratus) dHq6K-KHyT "toad goby" (Mesogobius batrachocephalus) dHq6K-KpyrJlitK "round goby" (Neogobius melanostomus) dN^K-JIHCyH "bald goby" (Pomatoschistus sp.) dHq6K-M4prOBHK "toad goby" (Mesogobius batrachocephalus) dfcrqbK-neccfoHHK "monkey goby" (Neogobius fluviatilus) dBEq6K-npeCHOB6flHblM (Eur.) miller's thumb, bullhead, fresh water sculpin ( gobio) 12 - d&mdK-paTaH "ratan goby" (Gobius ratan) dbiq^K-pordTKa 1. sea scorpion, sea sculpin (genus Myoxocephalus); 2. (pi.) sculpins (family ) dBradK-parnHK "mushroom goby" (Gobius cephalarges) dbH (5K-TpaBjteHK "weed goby" (Gobius (or Zostericola) ophiocephalus) dbra6K-XBaJ3BHCKHK "Caspian goby" (Gobius caspius) dbiqdK-nyiJJlK "tubenose goby" (Proterorhinus sp.) dbTq6K-xie«rbipexporHM fourhorn sculpin (Myoxocephalus quadricornis) dbHdK-nrapyiaH "syrman goby" (Neogobius syrman) dBe$ B^pXHHK d. 1. upstream; 2. a backwater; 3. forebay HlfoKHHH d. 1. downstream; 2. tailwater - 13 ~

B Bdep cable, warp, wire BaJI^aMKa "valaamka"--a whitefish ( lavaretus widegreni) BaJlfe'K ( cylindraceum) BaJIOBOH gross (as opposed to net) BaJIOBaH nepBirqHaa npOflyKljHH gross primary production BaJI^H rubble, boulder B&aBflmHen (old-world) woodcock (Scolopax rusticola)

BaJiBKa gen. of 3aJie'K BaTepBeiic, BaTepBeJiBC waterways BaXHfl (Pac.) saffron (Eleginus gracilis) B&CTa bog bean (Menyanthes) Baxy wahoo (A^nnthocybium solandri) BBepx (no-Teq^Hyoo) upstream BflOBHUja , blue sea cat ( denticulatus) Bed^poB aimap&r Befl^HHM leading, principal B6fl$THaE poJlB key role, basic role B^HTepB fyke net, hoop net [includes large types with wings and a long lead, held in place by 10 anchors, and capable of catching up to a ton of fish] B^peoK heather (Calluna) Bepn kedge anchor B^pnOBaTB to warp (move a ship) BepTeH whirling sickness (a disease of trout caused by Myxosoma cerebralis)

BepTJiyr trochanter - 14 -

BeprymKa current meter BepTHiqKa whirligig beetle (Gyrinidae) Bep$>B shipyard, dockyard ) BepXHerJlOTOqHHe 3^dbi suprapharyngeal teeth ["of Cottidae, etc.] BepXHerydHbie 3ydbi upper circumoral teeth [of lampreys]. BepxHe3aTHJloqHaH (koctb) supraoccipital (bone) BepXHenoflBH3braHaH (koctb) epihyal (bone) BepxHeynHan (koctb) epiotic (bone) BepxHe^eJnocTHan (koctb) maxillary (bone) BepxHeqeJirocTHan mraoTifanca supra-oral plate [of lampreys] B^pXHHe r^rdHHe 3#dbl supraoral tooth bar Tof lampreys] BepxdBKa "verkhovka" (Ger. Moderlieschen) (Leucaspius delineatus) BepxorJiHA "skygazer" (Erythroculter erythropterus) Bepma 1. basket-trap; 2. creel

Bee weight yfldflBHH&i B. 1. (percentage) occurrence, representation; 2. (relative) importance; 3. specific gravity

BecJiOHdraa (irrftoia) tbtipalmate ; (pi.) Pelecaniformes BecJlOH6raH (pdwa) ; (pi.) Copepoda (a group of crustaceans) BecJiOHric (Am.) paddlefish (Polyodon spatula) khtAmckhM B. Chinese paddlefish (Psephurus gladius)

BecflHOK stonefly; (pi.) Plecoptera BeTBHCTO^caa (p&qKa) water flea, cladoceran; (pi.) Cladocera

BeTBHCTHM branched - It

BSTepeHHUK godwit and dowitcher a3HdTCKHH deKaoOBltzjHblfi B. "Asiatic dowitcher" (Limnodromus semipalmatus) aMepHK^HCKJlif deKacOBHflHHH B. dowitcher (Limnodromus griseus) dojlBmoi! B. black-tailed godwit (Limosa limosa) 3anaflH0aM6pipcdHCKHM deKacOBAflKbiH B. long-billed dowitcher (Limnodromus griseus scolopaceus) M&mm B. bar-tailed godwit (Limosa lapponica)

Bem$CTBeHHbi8 real, tangible B3B^neHHbM 1. suspended; 2. weighed; 3. weighted B-Hail cpeflHHa weighted mean, weighted average B3pdcJIblH (adj.) grown-up, adult, mature

BHfl 1. appearance; 2. (in ) species; 3. (in grammar) aspect BH3y^JlBHb3i! casual, preliminary (what can be discovered by inspection, without special study) B-sHbie iadttKDflj&MFl preliminary observations

BHJiOXBdoTKa sprihgtail, snow flea; (pi.) Collembola BHMda vimba (Vimba vimba--see also pbiden;) BHC^OBTp^JIECa 1. dobson fly (Chauliodes); 2. alder fly (Sialis)

BHXJlHii Houbara bustard (Otis undulata) BHeimeKfHJlOBHflHaa (koctb) pterygoid, or ectopterygoid (bone) BHyTpeHHei

BOfloe'M body of water BOfl03ad(5p water intake - 16

BOflOJHOd water beetle, hydrophilid; (pi.) Hydrophilidae B. CMOJlflHO-^epHH&t "pitch-black hydrophilid" (Hydrus piceus)

BOflOMepKa water-measurer, hydrometrid (a bug of the family Hydrometridae) BOflopa3fl&jl divide, height of land B6flopocJIB alga; (pi.) Algae BOflOXpaHifolHlne a damned body of water, reservoir BOflflH^a dJIOxi water flea, cladoceran; (pi.) Cladocera BOflflHdfl KfAca water rat (Arvicola terrestris)

BO/ynnca dropsy B. c nyiervia3HeM "pop-eye dropsy"--a disease of trout, probably bacterial BOflHHOH dcJIHK aquatic isopod, water sow-bug (Asellus, etc.) B03dy,miTeJIB agent of infection (, etc., in disease) B03BpdT m^tkh tag return Bomev^wfi. replacement (adj.) B. ypoBeHB BoenpoHSBdflCTBa replacement level of reproduction B-maa iiji6thoctb CT^fla replacement density of the stock BO^pacT age B03pacTHaa rp^nna (or b-hhh laiacc) age-group B03BMHJIKa some kind of fishing apparatus, used on the Volga at Kuibyshev

BOJma wave BH^TpeHHHH B. internal wave, boundary wave

BOJlOKynra, BattOKymKa 1 . scraper; 2. a small trawl or drag-net MaJIBKOBaa B. fingerling trawl, small-fish trawl BOJIOC^THK hair-worm; (pi.) Gordiacea B0Jl0C03yd hiiohckhM (Pac.) sailfin sandfish (Arctoscopus japonicus) - 17 -

BOJIOfflKa confluence of two rivers that join near the sea

BOJiqOK little bittern (Ixobrychus minutus) aM^pcKHM B. Schrenck's little bittern (I. eurhythmus dOJIBHieKJCbBblM B. (= flJIHHOHdCNM B.) flJlHHOHdcbM B. Chinese little bittern (I. sinensis) B6pBaHB blubber, oil (of fish, seals or whales) an^JIBH B. shark liver oil B. TKMI^HBH seal oil, train oil Bopod;6S sparrow MopcKOM B. lumpfish (Cyclopterus lumpus) B6p0T 1. collar; 2. windlass Bopi^H growler nHTHifrcTbM B. pigfish (Orthopristis chrysopterus) pe^HoM B. freshwater drum, sheepshead (Aplodinotus grunniens)

BOcnoJiHHlOHtKM replacement (adj.) B-aa iiji6thoctb replacement density BOCnpoHSBdflCTBO production, reproduction, replacement—the usual Russian usage seems to combine the meanings of these three words

BOCCTaHOBJl^Hwe replacement, restoration, renewal $pOBeHB B-KMfl CTc&a replacement level of stock BOCTpodpE6niKa "vostrobriushka"--a cyprinid (Hemiculter leucisculus)

Bocxo^amaa BeTBB ascending limb (of reproduction curve) Bp^MH time B CBoe' Bp&/ra 1. at the appropriate time, in due course; 2. at one time, a while ago, formerly BOKpblTHe dissection, autopsy BTOpmi^THHM second-year, age 1+ (adj.) BToplfciHaa noiiMKa (m^tkh) recapture (of a tag) BbidopKa 1. lift (of a gill-net, etc.); 2. sample - IS -

BbldopoqHHM sample (adj.) BHBO,zjKOBaa K^Mepa brood pouch [in Cladocera, etc.]

BBiBOflOK brood Bbtapa, or pe^Hia Bbiflpa otter (Lutra) MopcK^a B. sea otter (Enhydra lutris) BH3KHBdeMOOTB, or BbBKHBdlffle survival CKdpOCTB (or KOD^HnjldHT) BbDKHBdeMOCTH survival rate BbLndBJIHBaTB, BbUIOBHTB to fish out, to fish from, to catch

BHJieT emergence [of from the water]

BHJIOB catch, removals [of fish from a body of water]

BbWB^aTblM forked

BbMeTKa cleaning, removal [of fish from a net] BbHiycKdTB to release, to plant [fish] BhUlB 1 . (= doJlBUldfl B.); 2. any bittern doJIBn^La B. (Eur.) bittern (Botaurus stellaris) M^Jiaa B. little bittern (Ixobrychus minutus) Bbipe3yd "cut-tooth"--a kind of roach (Rutilus frisii) BbtarpeJI 1. swinging boom; 2. shot, report

ex- 5 «.*•»•-' BHCTpeJiHBaTB 1. to rig, to run out, to shoot (a net); 2. to fire fegaifir) BHTpafltHBaHHe removal [of fish from a gill net] Bb'rxyxoJIB 1. desman (Desmana moschata); 2. (incorrectly) muskrat

BbiqeT residue, remainder BBIOH 1. loach (Misgurnus f ossilis); 2. (less correctly) spiny loach (Cobitis spp.) aM^pcKHH B. "Amur loach" (M. anguillicaudatus)

BBiomKa reel, drum - 19 -

r rdra (duck) (Somateria spp.) rpeHJI^HflCKaa r. "Greenland eider" (S. mollissima borealis) odblKHOBdHHblK r. common eider (S. m. mollissima) 0iqK0Baa r. spectacled eider (S. fischeri) CHdnpcKaa r. Steller's eider (S. stelleri) rardpa 1. loon, diver (species of Colymbus = Gavia); 2. (incorrectly) guillemot, murre (see rar&pKa) dejioKJii6Baa r. (= de;ioH6caa r.) deJlOHdcaii r. (Am.) yellow-billed loon, (Eur.) white-bill .'. diver (C. immer adamsi) deJioili^HHaa r. Pacific loon (C. arcticus pacificus) KpacH036daa r. red-throated loon (C. stellatus) noJiocdTaa r. (= qepHosddaji r.) IIOJlApHaa r. (Am.) common loon, (Eur.) great northern di (C. immer immer) qepH03ddaa r. (Am.) arctic loon, (Eur.) black-throated diver (C. arctica) rardpKa 1. razor-billed auk, razorbill (Alca torda); 2, any auk doJlBiiida r. great auk (A. impennis) M^Jiaa r. little auk, dovekie (Plautus alle) ra300dM^H respiratory exchange (of gases), respiration ra30ny3bipBK0Baa doJi^3HB gas-bubble disease [of fish] raJiaKCHac Galaxias (a genus of southern-hemisphere fishes) rajlBKa pebbles, shingle rauioqKa check mark, tic (/) raJICTy^HHK ringed plover (Charadrius hiaticula) nepenoirqaTOnaJibM r. semipalmated plover (C. semipalmatus) M&kbM r. little ringed plover (C. dubius) raMd$3Ha mosquitofish (Gambusia affinis) raaoHflHaa (pbida) ganoid (fish) rapynna (Am.) Warsaw grouper (Epinephelus nigritus = Garuppa nigrita) rapHHen jack snipe (Lymnocryptes minimus) racaHKyjlHHKa gasankulinka (Alosa brashnikovi kisselewitschi) - 20 -

rB03flPTCHHK 1. tapeworm (esp. Caryophyllaeus); 2. avens (Geum spp.) rerapKyHH a fast-growing form of Sevan trout (Salmo ishchchan)

reHHnop pit-, neuromast reopen gephyreans, Gephyrea (an invertebrate Phylum now often divided into Echiurida, Sipunculida and Priapulida) rrfde^B , mortality MaccoBaa r. mass mortality raflpo30H Hydrozoa (a Class of coelenterates) THflpoHAH Hydroidea, hydroids (a Subclass of coelenterates) ranypaae hypural (bone)

rapapzprayo a poeciliid fish (Girardinus sp.) rapeJTJia 1. (Am.) opaleye (Girella nigricans); 2. any Girella xidpHaa r. (Aust.) luderick (G. tricuspidata) rKpoflaKTHJi03 gyrodactylosis (a fish disease caused by the ectoparasite Gyrodactylus) rnpyflHH03 hirudinosis (infestation by leeches) rJiapfM backswimmer--a kind of water bug; (pi.) Notonectidae r\ odbKHOB^HHbM "common backswimmer" (Notonecta glauca) TJia3HHqHaa (koctb) orbital (bone) TJliSHHCTbip! argillaceous, clayey rviHCTd 1. ; 2. any parasitic worm rjrfcTHaa KaTapaKT raa3 (= flHiuiocTOMaT03 rvia3) rJli$CTHbif! helminth (adj.) raocca (Eur.) ( flesus) ^epHOMdpcKaa r. "Black Sea flounder" (P. f. luscus) rviOToqHHft pharyngeal r-Hbie 3ydHpharyngeal teeth [of cyprinoid fishes] - 21 -

TJIOXHflHH glochidium, larval freshwater mussel rJl0XHfl03 glochidiosis (infestation of fish by mussel .larvae) rjrydAHHbiM abysmal TJiyiibM 1. dunce; 2. fulmar-a sea bird (Fulmarus glacialis) raesfld 1. (of birds) nest; 2. (of fish) nest, redd; 3. (of machinery) socket, slot

THHJIBiKidepHaarot,r. putrefactiongill-rot, branchiomycosis-a fungus disease of fish nJiaBHHKOBaa r. fin rot—a disease of trout roBopyniKa Pacific kittiwake (Rissa tridactyla pollicaris) KpacHCHoraa r. red-legged kittiwake (R. brevirostns) roroJlB goldeneye--ducks of the genus Bucephaia r. odbiKHOBeHHbiM goldeneye (B. clangula) HCJl&HflCKHK r. Barrow's goldeneye (B. islandica) roro.JiB-roJlOBacTHK bufflehead (Bucephaia albeola) ro/lOBaJibiH year-old, age 1+ (adj.) TOAOBKK year-old, yearling, fish of age 1+ roAOBOM 1. annual; 2, pertaining to a particular year ro^BJIB chub (Leuciscus cephalus = Squalius cephalus) ycaTHW r. "whiskered chub" (Squaliobarbus curriculus) roJl&i; (gen. roJIBD^) 1. char (in general--Salvelinus); 2. arctic char (S. alpinus) . AaJlBHeBOCTdqHHH r. 1. "East Siberian char" (S. leucomaems); 2. Dolly Varden char (S. malma) odblKHOB^HHblM r. arctic char (S. alpinus) 03epHbTM r. 1. (Am.) trout (S. namaycush); 2. (Eur.) alpine char (S. salvelinus) r&Jieu; stone-loach (Nemachilus barbatulus) aMyflapBriHCKHH r. "Amu-dar stone-loach" (N. oxianus) HH^MCKHM r. "Indian stone-loach" (N, brevis) rd-Jieu-rydaq "gubach" (Nemachilus strauchi) - 22 - rdJieu, CeBepnpBa Severtsov's stone-loach (Nemachilus sewerzowi) rOJIOB&X humpback whale (Megaptera nodosa) roJIOB&nKa "goloveshka" 1. an eleotrid fish of the Amur region (Perccottus glehni); 2. any species of Eleotridae TOJlOBOrp^TJB cephalothorax TOJIOBOHdroe ; (pi.) Cephalopoda (a Class of molluscs, including squids and octopus) roJlOJKddepHHM (mojiji^CK) nudibranch, sea-slug; (pL) Nudibranchiata

TOJlOMHHKa "golomanka" (--Baikal fishes related to sculpins) 6oJLhW&fi. r. "big golomanka" (C. baioalensis) U&Jian r. "little golomanka" (C. dybowskii) roJIOT$pn.a sea-cucumber, holothurian; (pi.) Holothurioidea (a Class of echinoderms) roJiydoK MopcKOK r. slender-billed gull (Larus genei) rOJlblM naked, bare

TOJIBHH minnow (Phoxinus phoxinus) 03epHHM r. "lake minnow" (P. percnurus) pe^iHOM r. minnow (P. phoxinus) cpe

ropdbUieBaa (p&da) (Am.) black drum (Pogonias cromis); (pi.) Sciaenidae, drums

ropdbUIB 1. slab; 2. (Afr.) croaker (Otholitus nebulosus); 3. drum (any Sciaenidae) aBCTpaJlAMcKHM r. (Aust.) teraglin (Zeluco stelodus) 6&JWL r. (Am.) silver seatrout, white weakfish (Cynoscion nobilis) dopo^TblM r. (Am.) black drum (Pogonias cromis) BOJIHHCTblM r. (Am.) Atlantic croaker (Micropogon undulatus) Kpd-CHbDt r. (Am.) red drum (Sciaenops ocellata) necq&HHM r. (Am.) silver perch, sand perch (Bairdiella chrysura) nojloc^TblH r. (Am.) white croaker, kingfish (Genyonemus iineatus) nHTH.AcTbiM r. (Am.) spotted seatrout, spotted weakfish (Cynoscion nebulosus) pe^HOM r. freshwater drum, sheepshead (Aplodinotus grunniens) CB^TJIbiM r. 1. (Eur.) maigre, meagie (Sciaena aquila = .Umbrina cirrhosa); 2. (Am.) sand seatrout, white seatrout ;Cynoscion arenarius) cepedpifebBi r. (Jap.) white croaker (Argyrosomus argentatus) C^pKK r. weakfish, gray weakfish (Cynoscion regalis) cyA^HM r. (Am.) kingfish (Menticirrhus spp.) TeMHbM r. 1. (Eur„) ombre (Corvina ); 2. (Am.) black drum (Pogonias cromis) *ie'pHHH r. 1. (Corvina nigra); 2. (Jap.) black croaker (Argyrosomus nibe) rop^eHB hoisting or hauling line rop^D; smartweed (Polygonum) ropJIHUa turtle dove (Streptopelia turtur) rdpjio throat ropJIOBHHa 1. (of ships) hatch; 2. (of streets) manhole ropjIOBOH gular, throat (adj.) ropaaK bitterling (Rhodeus sericeus) KOJUOqKM r. "spiny bitterling" (Acanthorhodeus asmussi) ro$epeJIJie3 "hoferellosis--a disease of cyprinids, caused by Hoferella cyprini rpaBHH gravel (adjective used as a noun) - 24 -

rpaflynpoBKa calibration

rpa#ycofleHB degree-day (a measure of expected development of fish eggs--the sum of the Centigrade temperatures on successive days of development) rpa4>£ column (in a table)--not graph rpcL$<|>cKaa doji63HB (see KKcdBcicaa do;i^3HB) rpedeHyniKa king eider (Somateria spectabilis) rpedeHffl#K tamarisk (tree) rp6deHB 1. comb; 2. collar; 3. crest (of a wave, or a hill) rpedeniOK scallop (Pecten and allied genera) rpedHeBHK comb-jelly, ctenophore; (pi.) Ctenophora (a Phylum of invertebrates)

rpHJI3 grilse rp^Hfla pilot whale, pothead whale (Globicephalus melas)

rpyflHOM pectoral, breast (adj.) rpyflHOnepbie fish having the pelvic fins in the forward position rpyHTpon ground line, bottom line (of a trawl) rpa30dHK broad-billed sandpiper (Limicola falcinellus) ryd^L 1. tiller, helm? 2. bay, gulf; 3. iip rydaH 1. (N.A.) tautog, blackfish (Tautoga onitis); 2. (N.A.) cunner (Tautogolabrus adspersus); 3. fa. Pac.) Cali' fornia sheephead (Pimelometopon pulchrum); 4. (Aust.) parrot (a^labrid fish); 5. wrasse (Labridae in general) aBCTpaJlHMCKHi! r. (Aust.) grouper (Achoerodus gouldi and Neoodax balteatus) 3yd&Tbm r. (Eur.) corkwing (Crenilabrus melops) ryd^-q "gubach"--a cobitid fish of central Asia (Nemachilus strauchi) rydKa ; (pi.) Porifera - 25 - rydoBHHa small bay ryMeHHHK bean goose and allied species of Anser doJlBMoi! r. bean goose (A. fabalis fabalis) BOCToqHOCHdiipcKHM TyHflpoBbiM r. "East Siberian tundra goose" (A. fabalis serrirostris) KopOTKOKJnoBblH r. pink-footed goose (A. brachyrhynchus) TaeHHbM r. " goose" (A. fabalis sibiricus) ryrniH guppy (Lebistes) rypdMH gourami (Osphronemus goramy) rye goose (see also ryMeHHHK, Ka3apKa) deJlOJlddblK r. white-fronted goose (Anser albifrons) d&flblK r. snow goose (Chen caerulescens) ropHHK r. bar-headed goose (Eulabeia indica) cepbiii r. grey-lag goose (Anser anser) rycTepa white bream, silver bream (Blicca bjoerkna) - 26 -

flaBaT^aH "Frolikh char" (Salvelin.u.s alpinus erythrinus) flaKTHJI0rHp03 dactylogyrosis (a disease of fish caused by the ectoparasitic trematode Dactylogyrus, usually found on the ') flajuma blackf.i_sh. (DaIlia pectoralis) flaJIBHOCTB nJiaBaHHa cruising range (of a vessel) fldnHbie . ; data flB#raTeJlB BaziBTepa turbine engine flBOHKa 1 . pair, two o± anything; 2, dinghy flB0MH03yd a porgy (Diplodus, or Crenilabrus, annularis) flBOM^HblH binary flBoaKO#Hffldjn;aa (pblda) lungfish (Protopterus, Lepidosiren, Neoceratodus>) flByM^pHbli! two-dimensional flBycTB6pqaTHH (mojijiAck) bivalve (mollusc); (pi.) Lamellibranchiata flBy^CTKa distome (flatworm); (pi.) (a Subclass of trematodes) ^ByXBHHTOBoe twin screw (sometimes on the same shaft) flByXTOflOBlfe 2-year-old (fish), a fish of age 2+ flByxneTHHM T. (of plants) biennial; 2. (of animals) yearling, of age 1+ flByxji^THaa (or roflOBaJiaa) pbida yearling, a fish in its second year of life (not a 2-year-old) flByxjieTOK (masc.) or flByxJieTKa (fern.) (= flByxjie^THaa p^da) fleflBeMT deadweight fleJIB<|>HH dolphin, porpoise--a general name for most small cetaceans deJlodoKHM fl. white-sided dolphin (Lagenorhynchus acutus) - 27 _

deJI0M6p#blM #. white-beaked dolphin (L. albirostris) decnepbiM #. Pacific right whale porpoise (Lissodelphis borealis) KHTOBHflHblH p,. a dolphin of the genus Lissodelphis KopoTKorOJIOBbiM fl. a dolphin of the genus Lagenorhynchus c&BepHbM KHTOBftflHblM fl. Pacific right whale porpoise (Lissodelphis borealis) cepbM A- Risso's dolphin (Grampus griseus) THXOOKedHCKHM deJioddKHM fl. striped porpoise, striped dolphin (Lagenorhynchus obliquidens) THXOOKe&HCKHH KopOTKoroJlOBbiH fl. striped dolphin, striped porpoise (L. obliquidens) fleJlBc^H-deJlodoqKa common dolphin (Delphinus delphis) flepMaT0MHK03 dermatomycosis, saprolegniasis--a fungus disease of fish fleCHTHHdraM (paw) decapod (lobster, , etc.); (pi.) Decapoda (an Order of crustaceans) fleTpHT detritus flmeK Houbara bustard (Otis undulata) fluanasdH 1. range (limits of variation); 2. magnitude flHH^MHKa TflicJieHHOCTH, flHH^MHKa CT^fla dynamics of abundance, population dynamics #M0KT0(j)HM03 redwater disease (of mink, dogs, etc., rarely man) , caused by presence of the large nematode Dioctof in. in a kidney; the intermediate hosts are or crayfish flHriJl0300H03 diplozoonosis--infestation of the gills of fish by the trematode Diplozoon paradoxum

#HilJl0CT0MaT03 rJia3 "eye diplostomatosis"--caused by the trematode Diplostomum spathaceum flHCK disc dptOiEHOM fl. ventral disc, ventral sucker (of lumpfish, etc.) AHCKorHaT a cyprinid fish (Discognathus rossicus)

AHCK0K0THJI03 discocotylosis--a fish disease caused by infestation of the gills by the trematode Discocotyle - 28 -

flHCCHMHJltfTopHbiH catabolic #H$HJlJlodoTpH03 diphyllobothriosis--infestation (of man, dogs, etc.) by the broad tapeworm (Diphyllobothrium latum) Rmmk length adcojn6THaa #. (= j\mmk Bcerd Teaa) fljiHHd AB (= a. Bcerd TeOia) flJlHHd AC, flJlHH^ no CM^TTy fork length, median length (from the anterior limit of the snout to the end of the middle rays of the tail fin) AJIHH& AD, standard length (= Rmm£ de3 C) fljnrad de3 C standard length; see Rjmuk Te\fia flJlHH^, Bcerd t6jisl "natural tip length" (one of the "total" lengths), length from tip of snout to a line joining tips of tail when the latter are in a natural position (Commercial Fishes USSR, p. 747) RMH& T&na (de3 C) standard length (usually defined in USSR publications as "length of the body to the end of the scale covering", or "length of the body without the tail") RJSOhA T^JlOBHma snout-to-vent length (measured along the median axis of the body) RJIvm£ T^UKJf length of the trunk, torso length: "distance from the posterior border of the gill cover to the end of the scale covering" flHoqepndTejiB bottom grab, dredge flodaBJD$TB add flod&BOOTaa Djifpa subscript (figure) flodbfaa prey floitfla having come that far flOKas^TeJlBHblM significant (in either the general or the statistical sense) flOJirHHKa "dolginka"--a shad (Alosa b. brashnikovi) - 29 - flOJiroHdcHK weevil--a kind of beetle; (pi..). Rhyncophora flOJiroXBOCT (Aust.) whiptail (Macrurus, etc.) fldHHaa p6da groundfish, bottom fish flOHHHKH bottom fauna, benthos flopaflO dolphin (the fish), dorado (Coryphaena hippurus) ROC&A 1. otter-board (of a trawl); 2. board, plank #0CT#IIH00TB (flJia npoMblCJia) availability (to the fishery) flp^ra drag (net) flpaKOH, RpaKOKTAK 1. dragon; 2. weever, or weaver--fish of the genus Trachinus, having poisonous spines on the gill cover and poisonous dorsal rays doJIBlKOM MopcKoM R. greater weaver (T. draco) uaJHm MopcKoil #. lesser weaver (T. vipera) #paM drum .(fish of the family Sciaenidae) flpeBOTOiaeB; shipworm, wood-borer (Teredo, Bankia, etc.) flposfl thrush flpo^a great bustard (Otis tarda) flyr4, or flymKa arch acddepHaa #. gill arch flyneJlB great snipe (Capella media) ropHbTM A. "mountain snipe" (C. solitaria) JiecHOM #. "forest snipe" (C. megala) flyuKa (see #yr£) flbbcaJIO (KHTa) blowhole (of a whale)

RhABOJi devil MopcKoM fl. manta, eagle ray (Manta spp.) fljfaeJIB woodpecker - 30 -

E and e* eBfldniKa mud-minnow (Umbra krameri, U. limi) eBKJiHflOBCKKM Euclidean eBpH- eury- eBpnraJlHHHBiM eBTpd^HHH eutrophic eB$ay3H# euphausid; (pi.) Euphausiacea--a group of decapod crustaceans) eflHHiJija pudoJidBHoro yc&JiHa unit of fishing effort eflHHOp6r narwhal (Monodon monoceros) em hedgehog MopcKoM e*3K sea-urchin; (pi.) Echinoidea (a Class of echinoderms) e*HC-p6da porcupine fish (Diodon hystrix) esteroJlOBHHK bur-reed (Sparganium) eJl^n; dace (Leuciscus leuciscus) eBponeMcKKK e. "European dace" (L. 1. leuciscus) e. JlftHfldepra "Lindberg's dace" (L. lindbergi) 3epaBinaHCKHM e. "Zeravshan dace" (L. lehmanni) KKprH30KHM 6. "Kirgiz dace" (L. leuciscus kirgisorum) MaJIOTNqHHKOBHM e. "Zeravshan dace" (L. lehmanni) CHdApcKHM e. "Siberian dace" (L. leuciscus baicalensis) eHOT racoon epra3HJl03 ergasilosis--infestation of the or gills by the copepod Ergasilus epHK riffle, shallows e*pm 1. ruffe, pope (Acerina cernua); 2. = KaMdaJia-epnr; 3. = JiHM&Hfla; 4. abbreviated form of MopcKoM e'pm rpjfeHbrii MopoKoM epm (Pac.) perch (Sebastodes alutus) 30JiOTl£cTHil MopcKOH e'pni "golden redfish" (Sebastes marinus)-- as distinct from S. mentella (= KJOodaq) KhtAMokkM e'pni a-ukha, "Chinese bass" (Siniperca chua-tsi) - 31 -

imoro&VJUM. MOpCKoM epm (Pac.) northern rockfish (Sebastodes polyspinus) MOpCKoM e'pm 1. redfish, ocean perch, haddock (Sebastes marinus, S. mentella); 2. priestfish (Sebastosomus); 3. scorpionfish (Scorpaena spp.); 4. any Scorpaenidae (see also 6KyHb) THXOOKe^HCKHM MOpCKoM epm 1. (Pac.) any rockfish (Sebastodes); 2. "Schlegel's rockfish" (Sebastodes schlegeli) qepHOndpcKHM MopcKOM epni Black Sea scorpionfish (Scorpaena porcus) epm rpa3HHM Pacific ocean perch (Sebastodes alutus) epmeB^TKa or epuiOB^TKa 1. (Eur.) dab (Limanda limanda); 2. (W. Atl.) (L. ferruginea); 3. any of the genus Limanda eXHH0pHHX03 echinorhynchosis--infestation by the acanthocephalan Echinorhynchus - 32 -

a JK^da toad; (pi.) Bufonidae ffi. 3eJieHaa "green toad" (Bufo viridis) 3K. KaMbmiOBaa "bulrush toad" (B. calamita) ffi. odbtKHOBeHHaa "common toad" (B. bufo) tfddepHHM gill (adj.) ffi-Haa FHHJIB gill-rot, branchiomycosis (a fungus disease of fish) m-Haa flyrd (or flynKa) gill arch ffi-Haa Kp&mJKa gill cover, , . opercle (of a fish) ffi-HHK JienecT6K gill filament ffi-HblK JTys branchiostegal ray ffi-Haa nd-flOCTB gill chamber ffi-Haa ceTB §ill net ffi-Haa TbiqiiHKa m-Haa yJlHTKa gilled snail ffi-Haa meJiB ffiddpa (ffiadjn) gill; usually used in the plural, ffiadpbi ffiadpOHdr 1. fairy (Eubranchipus, etc.); 2. any member of the old Class Branchiopoda ffidjio onchus, hook mryT, ffiryTHK cilium, flagellum ffiryTHKOHdcHK flagellate protozoan; (pi.) Flagellata n^HD3b3pHHM ffi. dinoflagellate; (pi.) Dinoflagellata ffieBaTeJlBHHH molar, masticatory weJies£ qland npocTaTHqecKaa ffi. prostatic gland (of trematodes, etc.) ffieJlT030dHK buff-breasted sandpiper (Tryngites subruficollis) ffieJlTOKpbinKa "yellowfin Baikal sculpin" ( comephoroides, C. grewingki) ffieJiTonep MeJlKoqemyMHHM ffi. "small-scaled yellowfin" (Plagiognathops microlepis) ffieJITOXBOCT 1. (W. Atl.) yellowtail snapper (Ocyurus chrysurus); 2. (Pac.) yellowtail (Seriola dorsalis) ffieJiToqHbM yolk (adj.) ffi. MemoK, ffi. ny3bipB yolk sac (of fish fry) - 33 -

ffiOTITdmeK "zheltoshek"--a cyprinid fish (Elopichthys bambusa) ffie'jiyflB (or KOJD/Rh) acorn MopcKoi! ffi. acorn barnacle (Balanus spp.)

ffiepex asp, "zherekh" (Aspius aspius) aM^pCKHM ffi. (= IIJIOCKOrOJIOBbIM ffi.) apdjIBCKHM ffi. "Aral asp" (A. a. iblioides) KpacHor^dblH ffi. "Caspian asp" (A. a. taeniatus) KpacHOnepaM ffi. "flathead asp" (Pseudaspius leptocephalus) nJIOCKoroJlOBbM ffi. "flathead asp" (P. leptocephalus) D^KOBHflHblil ffi. "pike asp" (Aspiolucius esocinus) lOffiHOKacnMcKHH ffi. "South Caspian asp" (A. aspius taeniatus) ffiepjiHHKa KpacHOdproxaa red-bellied toad (Bombina bombina)

KepTBa prey BHfl-ffiepTBa prey-species ffiep^X cress, pepper grass (Lepidium) anT^HHH ffi. water cress (Ranunculus Nasturtium-aquaticum) ffiHBopofljimHif viviparous JKHBOTHOBdflCTBO animal husbandry ffiHri/EEca stable fly, biting house fly (Stomoxys calcitrans) ffi#3HeHHbm DJIKJI life cycle ffiAjEECa vein (of a leaf)

3KHJIOK freshwater, non-anadromous, landlocked (of a fish) ffiHJlda HepKa or wui&ft. Kp&CHaa kokanee, land-locked sockeye ffiHJI&a $6fMa freshwater form (of a marine fish), river form (of a lake fish) ffiHpoBOH fatty ffi-Bde B6K0 fatty eyelid (in shad, etc.) ffi-BOK nJiaEHlfoc adipose fin sdjiyflB (see Hte'jiyflB) HOp^diHHH (N.Z.) southern kingfish, hake (jordanidia solandri) ffiyK-HapElBHHK blister beetle; (pi.) Meloidae - 34 - ffiyp^BJlB crane; (pi.) Gruidae aBCTpaJlMcKHM ffi. brolga, Australian, crane (Grus rubicundus) deJlHK ffi. white crane (G. leucogeranus) AaypcKHM ffi. white-nap.ed crane (G. vipio) KaH^CKHM ffi. sandhill crane (G. canadensis) MBJliM ffi, demoiselle crane (Anthropoides virgo) MaOT^pcKHK ffi. Japanese crane (Grus japbnensis) cepblM ffi. (Eur.) common crane (G. grus) •qepHOHi6KHbiH ffi. black-necked crane (G. nigricollis) qepHHH ffi. hooded crane (G. monacha) ffiyp&BJIB-KpacdBKa demoiselle crane (Anthropoides virgo) ffiypdBJlB-MOHax hooded crane (Grus. monacha) ffi$"qKa scute (of sturgeons) ffiyiomHM grinding (adj.) ffiyiomHM 3yd molar (tooth) - 35 -

3adoMKa (gen. pi. 3adoeK) blasting (including underwater explosions for catching fish)

3adoJieB&HHe disease ffiea/rayffiHoe 3. pearl disease (of )--caused by the trematode Neodiplostomum noqe^HOe 3. kidney disease (of trout or salmon) •qepHonHTHCTOe 3. blackspot disease--a fish disease caused by the trematode Po st/diplosomum cuticola or related species

3aBepTB whirlpool

3&b6r factory, plant, establishment pbldoB6flHblH 3. fish hatchery, fish-rearing station

3^B0flB backwater, cove, pool

3aivia3HHqHaa (koctb) postorbital (bone)

3arjiaTHBaHHe swallowing

3arpaffi,zi;eHHe weir, counting fence 3arpa3HeHHe fouling (of a boat's hull) safl&ia objective, goal 3a#HeBHC0xfflaa (koctb) posttemporal (bone) saflHerp^TJ metathorax (of insects) 3a#HeKJHoqHqHaa (koctb) postcleithrum saflHeKpbUtOBHflHaa (koctb) metapterygoid (bone) 3aflHeJiodHaa (koctb) sphenotic (bone) 3aflHeno/]^)a3biqHaa (koctb) urohyal (bone) 3a#HeyniHaa (koctb) opisthotic (bone)

3aeflaTB, 3aecTB to kink, foul, tangle, jam

3ae30K or 3a^3flKa barrier, barricade, fence (used to catch fish migrating upriver)

3affiop ice jam - 36 -

3aiL7ieHHe silting

3awMHlne flood-plain, a river valley full of water to the greatest extent of the spring floods

3aK0Jl weir, fence or rack (with traps), for catching fish in rivers 3aKdH 1. law; 2. rule, relationship 3. noBepXHOCTH surface law (physiol.)

3aK0H0MepH0 regularly, uniformly 3aKOHOM6pHOCTB 1. law, principle, rule, relationship; 2. trend, pattern, regularity 3aK0H0Me'pHHH 1. regular, systematic; 2. conforming to some pattern, law or equation; 3. inherent, qualitative 3aK0CKa part of a river adjacent to a sand bar (Kocd) along the coast 3aKpoflKa ' "summer salmon", of the vernal type, larger than grilse, which enter the river in summer and the same year (Berg, 1948, p. 211; Nikolsky, 1954, p. 148). (In a 1934 paper Berg defined 3aKp6wKa as the kind of fish he subsequently called 3ane#Ka.) 3aKpblTOiiy36pHHi! physoclistic (fish lacking connexion between the and alimentary canal) saneTjKa "winter salmon"; Atlantic salmon of the hiemal type, larger than grilse, which remain overwinter in the lower reaches of a river or its , or just outside it (Berg, 1948, p. 211; Nikolsky, 1954, p. 148) 3ajre'ffiKa rookery, hauling-out place (of sea mammals)

3attOM "black-backed shad" (Alosa k. kessleri) noJLapHHH 3. a stock of (Clupea harengus) found near Spitsbergen) 3aMdp (of fish) mortality due to lack of oxygen, winter kill 3andc 1. stock; 2. usable stock, "that part of a stock (or stocks) which can be used by a fishery" (Maslov-- compare cT^flo, CHpbeBaa d£,3a)

3anejieHroBaTB to bear (change direction) 3an6pHbiM HeBOfl blocking seine - 37 -

3anp^T closure (of fishing), closed season 3apaffieHHe infection (by viruses, bacteria or other small parasites), infestation (by larger parasites)

3ar6H backwater 3aTyx&oiiijrii damped (of oscillations)

3aT&7lOK occiput 3araJl6qHaa (koctb) occipital (bone) OCHOBH&a 3. basioccipital

3ay3JieHHbiti knotted

3ai];enJieHHe linkage 3aqdT0K KpbUld wing pad (of a nymph)

34an; hare MOpCKOH 3. bearded seal (Erignathus barbatus)

3Be3,a;d star , MopCKda 3. , sea-star (see also 3Be3flbij

SBesflO^eT stargazer (Astroscopus sp., Uranoscopus sp.)

3Be3ffaaTblK stellate, star-shaped 3Be3flH , Asteroidea (a Class of Echinoderms) HroJiBqaTbie 3. spinulosa neflHij;eJiJiapHeBbie 3. Forcipulata aBHonJiacTHHqaTbie 3. Phanerozonia

3BeHd link, member, section ceTH6e 3. a gill-net fishing unit (men and equipment) (Aral Sea) 3B0H^d; midge, chironomid; (pi.) Tendipedidae 3eJIB#B 1. "Siberian " (); 2. variant of ceJiBAB 3eJieHymKa or 3eJieHyxa wrasse, sea-parrot (Crenilabrus tinea) 3eMJiepoMKa-KyTopa water shrew - 38 -

3eMHOB6flHoe amphibian, batrachian; (pi.) Amphibia

3eMH0B0flHHK amphibious, amphibian (adj.) 3epHHfflK0 (morphol.) acinus 3HM6BKa (gen. pi. 3HM0B0K) 1. wintering (spending the winter); 2. hibernation 3mso-p6p,OK 1. (= odbiKHOB^HHblK 3.); 2: any kingfisher doJlBliioM nerHM 3. Japanese pied kingfisher (Ceryle lugubris) rojiydoM 3. (= odHKHOBeHHbiM 3.) icpacHOHdcbm 3. white-throated kingfisher (Halcyon sm.yrnensis) mojuM EBraw 3. pied kingfisher (Ceryle rudis) odblKHOBeHHHK 3. (common European) kingfisher (Alcedo atthis) oiiieMHHKOBbiM 3. black-capped kingfisher (Halcyon pileata) nerHH 3. pied kingfisher (genus Ceryle)

3MeeroJldB snakehead (Ophic ephalus--a genus of mainly tropical fishes) aJtf^pcKHM 3. "Amur snakehead" (0. argus warpachowskii) 3MeeroJlOBOodpa3Hbie snakeheads, Order Ophiaephaliformes

3MeexBdcTHK . brittle star, ophiuran; (pi.) Ophiuroidea (a Class of echinoderms)

SMGKKa greater weaver--a fish with poisonous spines (Trachinus draco)

3Haqib/[0CTB (nwiTiji) "importance" (of a food item): the product of mean abundance times frequency of occurrence

3Haq:6K index, sign 3odH^a doJie/3HB pud fish goitre 30JL0T&H p^dKa (or pblda) goldfish (Carassius auratus) 30JIOt6cthM (MopcKOM epm) (see epm) 3yd tooth bojiocobhahhk 3yd hair-like tooth r.tfOTOqHbie 3ydH (found in various fishes) 3ydaH (Afr., Jap.) dog's teeth (Dentex macrophthalmus and other spp.) - 39 -

3yddTKa 1. wolffish (in general); 2. Atlantic wolffish (Anarhichas lupus); 3. Arctic ( dentex) aMepHKdiHCKaa THXOOKedHCKaa 3. wolf-eel (A. ocellatus) BOCTdqHaa or flaJlBHeBOCTdqHaa 3. Bering wolffish (A. orientalis) necTpaa 3. spotted wolffish (A. minor) noJlocdTaa 3. Atlantic wolffish, common wolffish (A. lupus) naTHHCTaa 3. spotted wolffish, leopard-fish (A. minor) CHHan 3. northern wolffish (A. denticulatus) 3yeK (gen. 3yHKa) plover (Charadrius spp.) (see also rajicTymHHK, pffianKa) doJlBmeKjnoBHM 3. greater sand plover (C. leschenaultii) BOCToqHbiw flJiHHHOHdraM 3. "eastern plover" (C. asiaticus veredus) KacirfifCKHK 3. Caspian plover (C. asiaticus) KopOTKOHdcblM 3. "Mongolian plover" (C. mongolus) MaJIHM 3. little ringed plover (C. dubius) MOHrdJIBCKHM 3. "Mongolian plover" (C. mongolus) MOpcKOH 3. snowy plover, Kentish plover (C. alexandrinus) C^BepHbM MaJlbM 3. little ringed plover (C. dubius) yccypiiMcKHM 3. "Ussuri plover" (C. placidus) 3yeK-raJlCTymHHK ringed plover (Charadrius hiaticula) - 40 -

H HdHC ibis (see also KapaBaMna) awrepHK&HCKHM dejiblM H. (Am.) white ibis (Guara alba) deJIbDi H. 1. (Afr.) sacred ibis (Threskiornis aethiopicus); 2. (Am.j white ibis (Eudocimus albus) KpacHOHdrHM H. Japanese crested ibis (N-ipponia n-ippon) CBHmeHHgH H. sacred ibis (Threskiornis aethiopicus) andHCKHM deJibiH H. "Japanese white ibis" (Threskiornis melanocephala) HBa willow (Salix spp.)

HBaceBbtt! noJiocaTHK sei whale (Balaenoptera borealis)

HBacH ivasi, west Pacific (Sardina melaaosticta) Hrjia (-pblda) pipefish; (pi.) Syngnathidae 3MeeB#flHaa MopcK^a h. straight-nosed pipefish (Nerophis ophidion) MopcKdji H. 1. broad-nosed pipefish (Syngnathus typhle); 2. (= 3MeeBifanaa m. h.)

HrJlOKOffiHe Echinodermata, echinoderms (a Phylum that includes starfish, sea-urchins, etc.)

H3dHpaeMHH selected, chosen H-Maa TeMnepaT^pa selected temperature, preferred temperature

H3BecTKOBbie Calcarea (a Class of )

H3b6cthhK 1. known; 2. well-known; 3. definite; 4. certain, a few, some; 5. the abovementioned

H3BeeTHj4K limestone

HSMeH^TB, H3MeHHTB to veer, to shift (course, cargo, etc.) H3Mep^HHe measurement, dimension

H3odaTa isobath, depth contour, fathom line

H30raJIHHa isohaline (line)

H3peffiHBaHHe thinning, removal of surplus (cf. caM0H3pemHBaHHe)

H3Bjfo?He removal, withdrawal HKpd 1. eggs, ; 2. caviar - 41 -

HKp^HKa HKpoMer&HHe spawning (noun) HKpoM^THblH spawning (adj.) HKpoMeqymHM egg-laying (adj.)

HKC 1. X (in mathematics); 2. any unknown, an object of search

HJI .silt, mud, ooze lijIBMeHB (fem. ) bayou, "lake-like expansion of the arms of a river or lake" (CFUSSR), usually dry at low-water stages ^JlBHaia p&da bowfin (Amia calva)

HMeionpMca (what is) available HMeiomHeca fliHHbie the data at hand

HHBa3H0HHHM infective, capable of becoming established in an organism ifolfleKC HanOJIHeHHa index of fullness (weight of food in or intestine, as a percentage of body weight) HHTeHC^BHOCTB OKCnflyaTailJlH rate of exploitation HH$y36pHa an infusorian; (pi.) Infusoria (a group of protozoans)

HnaTKa horned puffin (Fratercula corniculata)

HCKJiroqiKTejlBHO 1. exceptionally, extremely; 2. exclusively

HCKondeMoe a fossil

HCKondeMbM extinct, fossil (adj.)

HCTOK outflow, outlet, discharge KXTHO<3^yHa fish fauna HXTH0<$THpHa3HC, MXTH0cE>THp03 ichthyophthiriasis (a fish disease caused by the infusorian Ichthyophthirius) - 42 -

ElieJl a sculpin of the g.enus Xcelus (ATJiaHTJtoecKHK) flByxporHH H. (Atlantic) twohorn sculpin (I. bicornis) nmxaH Sevan trout (Salmo ischchan) - 43 -

K K&de.7IB cable, warp, line (for towing) Kadno . (Am.) cabio (Rachycentron canadus) KaBacaKH small fishing boat with motor and sail (Pacific) Ka3dpKa 1. a goose, especially those of the genus Branta; 2. brant (B. bemicla); 3. any barnacle; 4. a snout beetle (Rhynchites) deJiOJl6daa K. white-fronted goose (Anser aibifrons) deJiomeKaa K. barnacle goose (B. leucopsis) KaH^flCKaa K. Canada goose (B. canadensis) KpacH03ddaa K. red-breasted goose (B. ruficollis) M^Jiaa deJioJi6daa K. lesser white-fronted goose (Anser erythropus) *iepHaa k. brant (B. bernicla)

KaMM^ border nJiaBHHKOBaa n. fin fold (of larval fishes)

KaHH030HCKHM Cenozoic KaMpd 1. guillemot, murre; (pi.) Alcidae (see also iihcthk) flJiHHHOKJnoBaa k. (= TOHKOKJnoBaa k. ) KopoTKOKJnoBaa k. (= TOJiCTOKmoBaa k. ) O^KOBaa K. spectacled murre--a colour variant of the common murre (Uria aalge) TOJICTOKJEOBaa K. (Am.) Briinnich's murre, (Eur.) Brunnich's guillemot (Uria lomvia) TOHKOKJllOBaa K. (Am} common murre, (Eur.) guillemot (Uria aalge)

KaJI^H sea-otter (Enhydris lutra)

KaJlHr03 caligosis--infestation by the copepod parasite

KaJlHHKa "kalinka" (Leuciscus borysthenicus)

KaJlK^H (Eur.) brill (Rhombus rhombus = R. laevis) a36BCKHM K. "Azov " (R. torosus) ^epHOM6pcKHM K. "Black Sea turbot" (R. maeoticus) Kafl^ra "Siberian great sturgeon", "kaluga" (Huso dauricus)

KaJibUHKa kink KajiBM^p squid KaJlj^Hyc Calanus (a copepod) - 44 -

K^MdaJia or KaMdaJld 1. flounder (most ); 2. flounder (genus Pleuronectes s.s.); 3. (= peqH^aK.); 4. (short for MopcKda K.); 5. (N.Z.) (Peltorhampus, Pelotretis); 6. (N.Z.) turbot (Colistium nudipinnis); 7. (N.Z.) brill (Clistium ammotretis) dajrrMcKaa (peqH&a) k. "Baltic flounder" (Pleuronectes flesus trachurus) deJiodpEOxaa K. (Lepidopsetta bilineata) deJiOM6pcKaa K. " flounder" (Pleuronectes flesus bogdanovi) dopoflaBqaraa K. (Clioderma asperrimum) SByxJlHHeMHaLa K. rock sole (Lepidopsetta bilineata) flJIlfeaa K. 1. any flounder of the genus Glyptocephalus; 2. , long flounder (G. cynoglossus) flJlHHHOpbtoaa K. "longsnout flounder" (Limanda punctatissima) ffieJITodpi&xaa K. Alaska (Platessa quadrituberculata) ffieJlTOnepaa K. (Limanda aspera) ffieJlTOnoJldcaa K. 1. "yellow-striped flounder" (Pseudopleuro- nectes herzensteini); 2. "longsnout flounder" (Limanda punctatissima) ffieJITOXBOCTaa K. yellowtail flounder (Limanda ferruginea) 3Be3flqdTaa K. ( stellatus) 3lfotfH.aa K. (Pseudopleuronectes americanus) KOJnfaaa K.' "spiny flounder" (Acanthopsetta nadeshnyi) KOpeflcKaa K. "Korean flounder" (Glyptocephalus stelleri) KpacHaa K. witch flounder (Glyptocephalus cynoglossus) MaJIopdTaa K. 1. (Jap.) (Microstomus achne); 2. (Eur.) (Microstomus kitt) MOpcKda K. 1. (Eur.) plaice (Platessa platessa); 2. any Platessa OCTporoJldBaa K. sohachi flounder () naJiTycoB^Haa K. 1. (N.A.) ( elassodon); 2. (Jap.) (H. dubius) noJiocdTaa K. "banded flounder" ( glacialis pinnifasciata) noJiapHaa K. 1. (Liopsetta glacialis); 2. any Liopsetta peTOda K. (Eur.) fluke, flounder (Pleuronectes flesus) porci/raa K. frog flounder (Pleuronichthys cornutus) poMdoBizmaa M^JlKaa K. scaldfish (Arnoglossus laterna) C^BepHaa K. "northern flounder" (Pleuronectes flesus septentrionalis) cpeflH3eMH0M6pcKaa K. "Mediterranean flounder" (Pleuronectes flesus italicus) TeMHajl K. "" (Liopsetta obscura) xddoTHaa K. "snout sole" (Limanda punctatissima proboscidea) qepHOMdpcKaa k. "Black Sea flounder" (Pleuronectes flesus luscus) - 45 -

KaMda/ia (cont'd) qeTbipexdyropqa/raa k. (Platessa quadri- tuberculata) anoHOMdpcKaH K. " Sea flounder" (Pseudopleuronectes yokohamae) k&m6bji8l rpHr6pBeBa roundnose flounder (Eopsetta grigorjewi) KaMdajia-epui (N.A.) , (Eng.) long rough dab (Hippoglossoides platessoides) K^MdaJia JIHM&H#a dab (Limanda limanda)

KaMdaJiOBbie , family Pleuronectidae

KaMdaJloodpd3Hbie , Order Pleuronectiformes or Hetersomata KawreHyniKa harlequin duck (Histrionicus histrionicus)

KaMHeniapKa turnstone (Arenaria interpres) ^epHaa K. black turnstone (A. melanocephala) KaMb'un bulrush (Scirpus - not Typha) KaMbHIlHHUa, KaMbTm^BKa 1. (Eur.) moorhen, (Am.) Florida gallinule) (Gallinula chloropus); 2. any gallinule por^Taa K. "crested moor^-n" (Gallicrex cinerea) KaH^Ba ditch, raceway, niillrace

KaHTap (Afr.) Black Sea bream (Cantharus lineatus) Karnn^K , euphausids

Kap cirque

KapaBailKa glossy ibis (Plegadis falcinellus)

KapaKaTHDja cuttlefish (Sepia)

Kapaar jack, trevally (Caranx spp.) deJIblKJK. (N.Z.) trevally (Caranx platessa) ffieJiTBM K. (Am.) blue runner (Caranx crysos) KapaHr-ftffieK (Am.) crevalle jack (Caranx hippos) KapdoB crucian carp (Carassius carassius) aM^pcKHH cepedpaHblw K. Amur goldfish (Carassius auratus gibelio) - 46 -

KapacB (cont'd) 30JI0T0M K. 1. goldfish (Carassius auratus); .2. crucian carp (C. carassius) KpacHblK MopcKoM K. (Aus.t.) snapper (Chrys op.hr ys spp.) MOpCKoM K. 1. (Eur.) gilthead (Sargus annularis = Sparus aurata; 2. (Aust.) snapper (Chrysophrys spp..) MopcKOM KOJLm^LTim K. (Eur.) gilthead (Sargus annularis) cepedpjfrffiM K. goldfish (Carassius auratus) KdpflnyM cockle (Cardium) KapeTTa hawksbill turtle (Eretmochelys)

KapH0$HJDie3, KapH0<£>HJIJI03 caryophyllosis (a fish disease caused by the cestode Caryophyllaeu-s) KdpjlHKOBblii dwarfed, dwarf (adj.) K-Baa <|>6pMa 1 . dwarf form; 2. freshwater form (of a marine fish) Kapn (pond) carp (Cyprinus carpio) 3epKcblBHblM K. mirror carp KdffiHOTbM K. leather carp KapnoBaa (pnda) 1.. any fish of the carp family; (pi.) minnows, ; 2. squawfish (Ptychocheilus spp-)

KapnoBH^Hbie fish of the Suborder Cyprinoidei Kapn03^"daa (ptida) cypririodont, live-bearer; (pi.) Cyprinodontidae ffiHBOpoflAmaa K. live-bearer; (pi.) Poeciliidae nem;6pHaa K. cave-fish; (pi.) Amblyopsidae aHiieKnaflyinaji k. oviparous cyprinodont Kapnoodpd3Hbie or Ostariophysi (an Order of fishes) KapcTOBoe 63epo karst lake Kapm£ "remains of a submerged tree"

Kaccbrae contact, tangency

Kacd-TeJiBHaa (jnforaa) tangent

KaccLTHK flag, - 47 -

Kac^TKa a duck (Anas falcata) Karate cold deck (logs stacked and awaiting transportation by road or river) KaTpan spiny dogfish (Squalus acanthias) KdqecTBeHHbQi qualitative (sometimes a difference in the relative quantities of various constituents is referred to as a M qualitative difference) Kaqea sea sickness Kaq^pKa petrel (genera Oceanodroma, Hydrobates, etc.) BHJIOXBdCTaa K, fork-tailed petrels (genus Oceanodroma) MaJiaa BHJIOXBdCTaa K. "little fork-tailed petrel" (0. monorhis) MaJiaa npaMOXBdcTaa k. storm petrel (H. pelagicus) npaMOXBdcTaa K, (pi.) straight-tailed petrels (genus Hydrobates) ceBepHaa K. Leach's petrel (0. leucorrhoa) CH3aa K. fork-tailed petrel (0. furcata) KainaJlrfT sperm whale, cachalot (Physeter catodon) KipJIHKOBblM K. dwarf sperm whale (Kogia breviceps)

KamaqBH KaiopKa pigeon guillemot (Cepphus columba) KB^KBa black-crowned night (Nycticorax nyctiorax) 3ejfie'Haa K. "green night heron" (Butorides striatus) KB^Kma peeper, tree frog (Hyla arborea)

KeHBra kink (in a rope) KepqaK 1. shorthorn sculpin, father lasher, sea scorpion (Myococephalus scorpius); 2. any Myoxocephalus KepqaKOBbie sculpin family, Cottidae

KecooH caisson KeccdHHaa doJl^3HB the bends, decompression sickness

KeT^. chum (salmon), keta (Oncorhynchus keta) JieTHaa k. summer chum ooeHaa K. autumn chum KegafleBbie (grey) mullets (family Mugilidae) - 48 -

KecjjQJieodpdsHbie fish of the Order Mugiliformes or Percesoces (mullets, barracudas, etc.) Ke$djiB 1. "Black Sea mullet" (Mugil ramada); 2. any (grey) mullet (genus Mugil) aBCTpajlfeMcKaa K. "Australian mullet" (M. dobula) M&Jiaa K. "little mullet" (M. saliens) khbcAk millipede KHffi^q coho (salmon), silver salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch)

KHKa, KHMKa bow (of a ship)

KVLJieiX "Onega cisco"--a form of panyiiiKa (Coregonus aibula kiletz) khjib keel; KHJieBbiM keeled KHJiBKa 1, (Baltic) (Clupea sprattus balticus); 2. (Caspian and Black Seas) "southern sprat", "kilka" ( spp.) adpayoKaa K. "Abrau kilka" (Clupeonella abrau) 3OTOycoBHflHaa K. "anchovy-like kilka" (Clupeonella engrauliformis) d0JIBmerJld3aa K. "bigeye kilka" (Clupeonella grimmi) KacnHKCKaa K. "common Caspian kilka" (C. delicatula caspia) odbiKHOBeHHaa K. "common kilka" (C. delicatula)--the Black Sea form is called TJ&JIBKa (C. d. delicatula), the Caspian form is the kilka (C. d. caspia)

KHTioBaa nJiamca fairlead, chock

KHpBaK large-sized whitefish, trout, salmon, etc. KHCTenepbie crossopterygian (fishes) , Crossopterygii kmt whale (see also noJioc^TMK, KamaJidT) de33^dbIM K. baleen whale; (pi.) whales of the Suborder Mystacoceti dHCK&MCKHM K. Atlantic right whale (Eubalaena glacialis) rJiaflKHM K. right whale; (pi.) Balaenidae roJiydoM K. blue whale (Balaenoptera musculus) ropd^THW K. humpback whale (Megaptera nodosa) rpeHJldHACKHM k. bowhead whale (Balaena mysticetus) 3yd&TbTil K. toothed whale; (pi.) whales of the Suborder Cdontoceti noJiapHbM K. bowhead whale (Balaena mysticetus) ceJIBAaHOM k. fin whale (Balaenoptera physalus) - 49 -

KHT (cont'd) cepbDt K. grey whale (Eschrichtius gibbosus) CHHHH K. blue whale (Balaenoptera musculus) ycarf K. baleen whale; (pi..) whales of the Suborder Mystacoceti lOffiHblH* K. (Atlantic) right whale (Eubalaena glacialis) anOHCKlrfl K. Pacific right whale (Eubalaena sieboldi) KHT KpyrJioroJidBblH pilot whale (Globicephalus melaena)

KHTdBblK yc whalebone KHme^HOndjioCTHbie coelenterates, Coelenterata (a Phylum of animals)

KJi&jJ&a. spawn

KJiacc class B03paciHbMK. age-group roflOBOH K. year-class (see also nOKOJieHHe)

KJieH maple (Acer spp.) KJieiieD; "white-eyed bream" (Abramis sapa)

KJlGSSiA chela, pincer

KJieiu; mite, tick nepBeBHH K. feather mite (of birds) KJlHHHKa 1. a clinic; 2. symptoms, manifestations (of a disease) KJlOKTyH Baikal teal (Querquedula formosa) KJIon 1. bed bug (Cimex); 2. bugs in general (Hemiptera)

KJioyH clown MOpcKOH K. frogfish (Antennarius) Knyma 1. lesser black-backed gull (Larus fuscus); 2. any large gull (see also ^MKa) THXOOKe^HOKaa K. slaty-backed gull (L. schistisagus)

KflHK fang, tusk, canine tooth

Kmod 1 . beak; 2. rostrum KJnodaq "deepwater redfish" (Sebastes mentella--as distinct from the 30JI0THCTHH, S. marinus) - 50 -

KmoBopfcbl beaked dolphin (Ziphius spp.) HacToAmHH K. Cuvier's beaked whale (Z. cavirostris)

KJE03 hawsepipe

KJEOKBa cranberry KJnoq 1 . slow-flowing spring-fed creek, or abandoned river channel, sometimes with lake-like expanses (used particularly in Kamchatka where many kliuchi are used by salmon for spawning); 2. (= nponapHHa) a natural opening in the ice cover of a lake--a term used on KJHOqHIlia clavicle (possibly also ) KJIiiq, KJIOTeEKa brail (a vertical stick or heavy rope at the end of a gill-net ^r drag seine, etc.) KHHllOBlfaHa a goby (Knipowitschia .1 ongicaudata)

KOBm 1. bucket; 2. basin (for ships), artificial harbour

Kdffia 1. skin; 2. harp seal (Phoca groenlandica)

K030A0H goatsucker (Caprimulgus europaeus) K^30^Ka (paK) ghost shrimp (Caprella)

K0KDMH03 coccidosis--a group of internal diseases of fish, caused by Eumeria or related sporozoans

KOJllfaecTBeHHblH quantitative KOJlOBp^TKa rotifer KOJIOBpdTKH rotifers, Rotatoria (a Phylum of animals) KOJlEHlja (Eurasian) spoonbill (Platalea leucordia)

KOJIBljeB^HHe banding, ringing (of birds) KOJLhixd ring, annulus (on a ) K6jlh*iasnm *iepBB annelid (worm); (pi.) Annelida (the Phylum of "true" worms) KOJnoqeroJldBHH faepBB) acanthocephalan (worm); (pi.) Acanthocephala (a Phylum of parasitic worms) - 51 -

KOJnraenepfcie ribbon fishes, Trachypteridae

K6jnamKa stickleback doJIBmda K. threespine stickleback .(..Gasterosteus aculeatus) fleBaTHHrjiaa k. ninespine stickleback (Pungitius pungitius, P. platygaster) flJlHHHOp&iaa K. 15-spined stickleback. (Spinachia spinachia) M&naa K. ninespine stickleback (Rumgitius pungitius) MOpcK^La K. 15-spined stickleback, great sea-adder (Spinachia spinachia) caxaJlHHCKaa K. "Sakhalin stickleback" (Pungitius tymensis) THXOOKe^HCKaa K. a fish of the families Aulorhynchidae or Indostomidae TpexiirJiaa K. .threespine stickleback (Gasteros.teus "aculeatus)

KOJnoniKOBbie Gasterosteidae, sticklebacks KOJnomKOOdpd3Hbie fish of the Order or.Thoracostei KOM^p KOM^p-flOJirOHdffiKHii cranefly; (pi.) Tipulidae

K0M6JIB end of a cable or rope

KOMeTa comet variety of goldfish

KOMnJieKCHHW 1. complex; 2. many-sided, combined, comprehensive, inclusive, overall K-Hoe H3y*ieHKte a study of all phases [of something] KOHe'K 1. round whitefish (Prosopium cylindraceum); 2. pipit (Anthus spp.); 3. sucker, (pi.) Catostomidae MopCKOH K. seahorse (Hippocampus spp.)

KOH&IHO 1 . of course; 2. (it) is finite

KOHe^HHH' 1. final, terminal, end; 2. finite (math.)

KOHKypeHT competitor

KOHKypeHima competition K0HTpan;eK03 contracaecosis--infestation by the nematode Contracaecum KOHTpdflBHblH JIOB test fishing - 52 -

KOHTpdjlBHblH nyHKT Control station (for enumeration and protection of salmon spawners) kohb 1.. horse, stallion; 2. (= KOHB-rydap). ne'CTpaH or naTHHCTbiM K. "Amur " (Hemibarbus maculatus) KOHB-rydapB a cyprinid fish (Hemibarbus labeo) kohbkh plural of KOHeK

KOHiora auklet doJlBUl&a K. crested auklet (Aethia cristatella) Kpomeimaa k. "least auklet" (Aethia pusilla) MdJiaa K. "little auklet" (A. pygmaea) KOHEora-KponiKa "least auklet" (Aethia pusilla)

Koirqe'Haa nitema finnan haddie KopdjL/i coral BOCBmnyqeBblH K. 8-rayed coral; (pi.) Octocorallia (= Alcyonaria) JiyqeBOlt K. actinozoan, rayed coral; (pi.) Actinozoa, Anthozoa noJiyMHrKHH K. soft coral, alcyonarian; (pi.) Alcyonaria porOBoM K, antipathid coral meCTHJiyaeBblW K. 6-rayed coral; (pi.) Zoantharia (in part) KopaJLEOBbie ja&dH coral fishes, Chaetodontidae

KopeHOHOffiKH Rhizopoda (a Subclass of ) MOpCKbfe K. Foraminifera

Kop3HHa "lamprey-pot" (a small trap net made of woven staves, used to catch lampreys at the mouth of the Neva R.)

KOpMOBOH KQOcJMHeHT food coefficient, feeding ratio (weight of food consumed divided by the increase in weight of the animal) Kop6Ba cow MopcKda K. 1. sea cow (Rhytina stelleri); 2. stargazer (= 3Be*3floq:eT) KopocTeJlB corncrake (Crex crex) KopOTKOIlJIKJIOBaa p6da a fish having a short life-history Kopnyc 1. field (math.); 2. hull (of a ship); 3. housing (of an engine, etc. KOponiKa 1. smelt (any Osmeridae); 2. European smelt (Osmerus e. eperlanus) a3HdTCKaa K. arctic smelt, Asiatic smelt (0. dentex) deJlOMdpcKaa K. White Sea smelt (0. dentex dvinensis) eBpon6ncKaa K. (Eur.) smelt (0. e. eperlanus) 3ydaTaa K. arctic smelt, Asiatic smelt (0. dentex) M&iaa k. (= MajiopdTaa k. ) MaflOpdTaa K. (anadromous) silver smelt (Hypomesus olidus) MaJlopOTaa pe^Hla K. pond smelt (Hypomesus olidus) MopcKcia K. arctic smelt (0. dentex) MopcKcLa MaJlop6Taa K. surf smelt, silver smelt (Hypomesus pretiosus) THXOOKe&HCKaa K. eulachon (Thaleichthys pacificus)

KopiollEKOBbie smelts, Osmeridae

Kocd-TKa 1. any small catfish; 2. bagrid catfish, (pi.) Bagridae; 3. killer whale (Orcinus orca) M/~uiaa K. 1. "little catfish" (Liocassis brashnikovi, L. herzensteini); 2. false killer whale (Pseudorca crassidens) yxypMoKa

K0CTHa3HC costiasis--a fish disease caused by the flagellate Costia KOCTHCTbie peJidbi bony fishes, Teleostei

KOCTHOlneKHe fishes of the Suborder Cottoidei K6cTHbie pddH teleostomous fishes, Teleostomi

KOcAk school, stock, shoal (of fish), run (of salmon, when associated with a particular river) npoMHCJl6BHH K. commercial concentration (of fish), fishable stock kot cat MopcKOH K. 1. (Eur.) sting ray (Trygon pastinaca); 2. (Eur.) lesser spotted dogfish (Scyliorhynchus caniculus); 3. (Pac.) fur seal (Callorhinus spp.) - 54 -

KOTa weir (for catching fish) k6thK or MOpcKOH KdTHK fur seal (Callorhinus spp.) KOTJIOBOK (or possibly KOTJIOBHk) (of a weir or pound net) fitted with a pot (or heart) KOTTyHKyJIOBHe family Cottunculidae (sculpin-like fishes) KOTTyHKyjflOC a fish of the genus Cottunculus Koym 1. eye, eye-ring; 2. thimble

KomeJIB 1. purse; 2. purse seine K03$HD#eHT, K08 (Pomoxis spp.) deJJHH K. white crappie (P. annularis) qepHHH K. black crappie (P. nigromaculatus) Kpac^BKa minnow (Phoxinus phoxinus) KpdcHaa sockeye (salmon) (Oncorhynchus nerka)--(see also HepKa) Beoecfflaa K. spring-run sockeye (one of two common types in Kamchatka) ffiHJlda K. kokanee, land-locked sockeye JieTHaa K. summer sockeye (one of two common types in Kamchatka) oceHHaa k. (= asadaq) TayficKaa k. (= oBeq) KpicHaa p£da (Baikal region) "frolikh char" (Salvelinus alpinus erythrinus) - 55 -

KpacHOdam red-crested pochard (Netta rufina)

KpacH03odHK curlew sandpiper (Calidris testacea)

KpacHOHOC red-crested pochard (Netta rufina) KpacHonep (= KpaoHonepKa) MOHrdjIBCKHH K. "Mongolian redfin" (Erythroculter mongolicus) y3KorojlOBbiH K. "narrow-headed redfin" (Pseudaspius leptocephalus) KpaoHonepKa rudd, "redfin" (Scardinius erythrophthalmus) BOCT6"qHaa K. "eastern redfin" (Leuciscus brandti) AajiBHeBocTdqHaa k. (= BocTdqHaa k. ) KpacH^xa KapnOB infectious dropsy, red-spot disease (of carp) KpacH$xa yrpew eel dropsy Kp&CHBie pfcldbl (Caspian region) sturgeons plus beluga ("noble fishes") KpdqKa tern (see also MapTbUUKa, -qerpaBa) deJlOKp&iaa K. white-winged black tern (Chlidonias leucoptera) deJIOJlddaji K. "Aleutian tern" (Sterna aleutica) deJiomeKaa K. whiskered tern (Chlidonias hybrida) MaJiaa K. (Eur.) little tern, (Am.) least tern (Sterna albifrons) neCTpoHdcaa K. Sandwich tern TiOJlKpRQJi K. arctic tern (Sterna paradisea) pe^HEla K. common tern (Sterna hirundo) •qallKOHdcaa K. gull-billed tern (Geochelidon nilotica) •qepHaa K. black tern (Chlidonias niger) •qepHOKm6Baa K. common tern (Sterna hirundo) KpeB^TKa shrimp KpeqeTKa sociable plover (Chettusia gregaria) KpHB^a curved (adj.); curve (noun) K. BocnpoH3B6,zi;cTBa reproduction curve

KpoMKa selvedge, selvage KpoHmHen curlew (Numenius) aMepHK^HCKHK cpeflHHM K. Hudsonian curlew (N. hudsonicus) doJIBIHOH K. (old-world) curlew (N. arquata) flaJEBHeBOCTO'qHblM K. "Pacific curlew" (N. madagascarensis = N. cyanopus) - 56 -

KpoHiiiHen (cont'd) MaJlblH K. slender-billed curlew (N. tenuirostris) cpe.ZJHHM K. whimbrel (N. phaeopus) TOHKOKJIl6BbIH K. (= MaJIbM K. ) 3CKHm6ockhh K. Eskimo curlew (N. borealis borealis)

KpoHUlHen-MaJQOTKa Eskimo curlew (N. b. borealis) CHdH^pCKHH K. "Siberian curlew" (N. b. minutus) KpoxdjlB 1. (= cpeflHHM K.); 2. any merganser (Mergus sp.) doJlBmoM K. goosander, American merganser (M. merganser) AJIHHHOHdCblH K. (= CpeflHHH K. ) MaJIbIM K. smew (Mergus mergellus) cpeflHHH K. merganser, red-breasted merganser (M. serrator) "aeinyMqa,TbM K. "scaly merganser" (M. squamatus)

KpyrvEonepae lumpsuckers, Cyciopteridae KpyrJiopdTbie cyclostomes, Cyclostomata

Kpypjibie xiepBH roundworms, , Nematoda (a Phylum of animals) KpynHoaqeHCTblH large-meshed [net] KpyTH3HcL steepness, slope (of a line)

Kpblffi lashing, seizing (of a rope) KpHJldTKa ribbon seal (Phoca fas:iata) KpbUiOBHflHoymHaa (koctb) pterotic (bone) KpbUlOHdrbie (mojiji^ckh) pteropod; (pi.) Pteropoda

KfbuiBa wing (of a net) Kp&ca rat BOflHHcLa K. water rat (Arvicola terrestris) Kpyme^Haa (koctb) opercle, opercular bone

cover, lid ffiddepaaa k. gill cover, opercle, operculum

KpiOK boat hook

KpoqoK hook pbidoJldBHHH K. fish hook HaffiHREeHHbiH K. baited hook - 57 _

KpaKBa mallard (Anas platyrhyncha) ffieJIT0H6caa K. "yellow-billed mallard" (A. poecilorhyncha) qepHaa K. "black mallard" (A. poecilorhyncha zonorhyncha)

KcaHT03HC IIJIOTBH xanthosis of roach, a bacterial disease of Rutilus KyBmi^HKa pond lily (Nymphaea) Ry30B0K trunkfish, boxfish (family Ostraciidae) K^KOJlKa pupa (of an ) KyJlHK-BOpodeM little stint (Calidris minuta) KyjIHK-fl^rTbllll pectoral sandpiper (Calidris melanotos) ByjIHK-KpacH0H6>KKa. redshank (Tringa totanus) KyJlHK-JionaTeHB shovel-billed sandpiper (Eurynorhynchus pygmaeus) KyJIHK-nepeB03'qHK common sandpiper (Tringa hypoleucus) KyJIHK-oopoKa oyster-catcher (Haematopus ostralegus) •qepHHH K. black oyster-catcher (H. bachmani) KyJiT$K a-shallow bay,' or the upper part of a bay (used on the ) • BtyMffid sea trout (Salmo trutta trutta) apdjIBCKaa K. Aral trout (S. t. aralensis) KaoiIHHCKaa K. Caspian trout, Caspian salmon (S. t. caspius) ^epHOMdpCKaa K. Black Sea salmon/trout (S. t. labrax) KyMOBbie (paKn) cumaceans, Cumacea (a group of crustaceans) KyH#ffid "kundzha", "Siberian char" (Salvelinus leucomaenis) K$HBa aK^Jia smooth dogfish (Mustelus mustelus) K^noJi dome Kypo^Ka, KypomKa rail, gallinule (see also noroHHm) d0Jl6THaa K. moorhen (Gallinula chloropus) BOflaHda K. moorhen (G. chloropus) MdJiaa K. little crake (Porzana parva) - 58 -

KypoqKa-KponiKa Baillon'-s rail. (Porzana pusilla) KypBa oxbow (lake)

KycT bush ffiBaproBbM K. mooring post, dolphin KyTKa cod-end (of a trawl), pot (of a fyke net)

KyryM "kutum"--a cyprinid fish of the Caspian (Rutilus frisii kutum)

KHMH3 (= MHKHffia) - 59 -

JI JiadnpHHTOBbie labyrinth fishes, Anabantidae

JiadoTec (Am.) tripletail (Lobotes surinamensis)

JiaBpaK (Eur.) common bass (Morone labrax) deJibiH Jl. (Am.) white perch (Roccus americanus) necq&HbM JI. (Am.) sand bass (Paralabrax nebulifer) noJloC&THH JI. 1. (Am.) striped bass (Roccus saxatilis); 2. (S. Am.) sea bass (Paralabrax spp.)

JiaroflOH (Am.) pinfish (Lagodon rhomboides)

JiaKeffpa yellowtail, amberjack, rudderfish (Seriola)

JiaMaHTHH manatee

JianryCTa spiny lobster (Palinuridae)

JiirmaTKa cinquefoil (Potentiila) Jianmd-p&da "small-toothed salangid" (Salangichthys microdon)

Jiapra (Pac.) harbour seal (Phoca vitulina largha)

Jiapira long-finned mullet, golden grey mullet (Mugil auratus)

JiacT flipper

JiacTOHOrHM -, (pi.) Pinnipedia (seals, etc.) JldcTO^Ka 1. swallow; 2. a fish of the family Pomacentridae deperOBaa JI. bank swallow (Riparia riparia)

JiaTec (Aust.) giant perch (Lates calcarifer)

JiaTHJryc (Am.) ocean whitefish (Caulolatilus princeps) JiaxT^K bearded seal (Erignathus barbatus)

JiedeflB swan (Cygnus) aMepHK^HCKHH JI. whistling swan (C. columbianus) TyHflpOBbM JI. Bewick's swan (C. bewicki) JiedeflB-KJiHKyH whooper swan (Cygnus cygnus) Jl^deflB-mnnyH mute swan (Cygnus olor)

JieB lion MopcKOH JI. California sea-lion (Zalophus) . 60 -

Jie'fl ice naKOBHH ji. pack ice TopocHCTHH JI. hummocky ice

Jieffidnme 1. resting place (of fish); 2. hauling-out grounds (of seals, walrus, etc.)

JieH6K 1, lenok, a Siberian salmonid fish (Brachymystax lenok); 2. see MopcKoM JieHOK . MopcKOH JI. a greenling (Pleurogrammus)

JieHTen; tapeworm; (pi.) Cestoda .. mnpdKHH JI. broad tapeworm (Diphyllobothrium latum)

JieHTOcnopHflHOS lentosporidosis, black-tail disease--a disease of young trout caused by the sporozoan Myxosoma (Lentospora) cerebralis, which attacks the cartilage

JieHTOqHbie qepBH tapeworms, Cestoda (a Phylum of flatworms)

JienecTdK (bot.) petal HddepHbM ji. $ill filament

JiepHeo3 lernaeosis--infestation by the copepod parasite Lernaea

JiepHeoD;epo3 lernaeocerosis--infestation by the copepod parasite Lernaeocera Jie'ca line (for fishing)

JieTpHH (Aust.) emperor (Lutjanus spp., Lethrinus spp.) JieT^qKa or JieT^faaa pi&da (family Exocoetidae)

Jiein bream (Abramis brama) aBCTpaJlHHCKHH MopcKOH JI. (Aust.) tarwhine (Austrosparus tarwine) apdjlBCKHH JI. "Aral bream" (A. brama bergi) deJibiH (aM^pcKHM) Ji. "white (Amur) bream" (Parabramis pekinensis) KpdcHblH MopcKOH JI. (Jap.) red sea bream (Chrysophrys major) MopcKOH JI. 1. pomfret, Ray's bream (Brama rayi); 2. (Afr.) sea bream (Pagellus spp., Pagrus spp.); 3. (Aust.) bream (Mylio spp.) qepHHM (aM^npCKHM) ji. "black (Amur) bream" ( terminalis) qepHbM MopcKOH JI. 1. (Afr.) black sea bream (Cantharus lineatus); 2. (Jap.) black sea bream (Mylio macrocephalus) - 61 -

JlffieJloiiaTOHOC false shovelnose (sturgeon), genus Pseudoscaphirhynchus--see also JlOTiaTOHOC jiffienecKap false gudgeon (Pseudogobio) aMypCKHH JI. "Amur false gudgeon" (Pseudogobio rivularis)

JlHryjie3 ligulosis--infestation by the tapeworms Ligula or Digramma

JLVLKOR eelpout (Lycodes and related genera) aTJiaHTH^iecKHM JI. (Eur.) eelpout (L. esmarki) flaJlBHeBOCTd^HbiH Ji. "west Pacific eelpout" (L. tanakae) flJIHHHOXB6cTblH JI. wolf eelpout (Lycenchelys verrilli) CB^TJIbM JI. pale eelpout (Lycodes pallidus)

JIHJIHH lily MOpcKda JI. crinoid, sea-lily; (pi.) Crinoidea (a Class of echinoderms)

JIHMaH estuary, (in Scotland) firth

JHodiHfla dab (Limanda limanda)

JIHM^OH.HCTHC, JlHMc]X)llIHCT03 lymphocystosis--a fish disease characterized by proliferation of epidermal cells

JIHHHH line doKOBcLa Ji. lateral line (a. sense organ of fishes)

JIHHB 1. tench (Tinea tinea); 2. line, twine, yarn

JlH*HBKa moult jihhj4tb to moult

JiHiiapHC 1. sea snail (Liparis liparis); (pi.) , Liparidae

JiHCHita fox MopcKda ji. 1. thornback ray (Raja clavata); 2. thresher shark (Alopias vulpinus)

JiHCH^Ka (diminutive of JiHCHlja) MopcK&a Ji. 1. (Eur.) pogge, armed bullhead (Agonus cataphractus); 2. poachers, sea-poachers, armed bullheads (Agonidae) JIHCT0H6rHM (paw) phyllopod, fairy shrimp; (pi.) Phyllopoda (a group of crustaceans) - 62 -

JIHCTOnaflKa "autumn grilse"--small Atlantic salmon of the hiemal type: like grilse but entering the river in the fall (as their name indicates) and not spawning until the following autumn (Berg, 1948, p. 212; Nikolsky, 1954, p. 148) JIHXHa (Afr.) garrick (Lichia glauca) JIH^HHKa larva (of fish, insects, etc.); alevin, fry (a young fish with the yolk sac still external or incompletely absorbed)

Jiod (gen. Jlda) forehead JIod&H (Eng.) mullet, grey mullet, (Am.) striped mullet (Mugil cephalus) JIodHaa (koctb) frontal (bone)

JIOB fishing flpH^repHHH JI. drift-net fishing KOHTpdJIBHNH JI. test fishing JIOB ffiddepHHMH ceTaMH gill-net fishing nJiaBHOM JI. drift-net fishing npOMblCJldBHK JI. commercial fishing jiob^d; KpddoB crab fisherman JldBJia capture, catching (fish) JIOB#UlKa 1. heart (of a trap net or pound net); 2. the net as a whole ceTH^a JI. (moving) trap net, small beam trawl CT^BHaa JI. pound net JlOffiHOffiadpa , false gill

JldnacTHblH lobed, lobate

jidnacTB lobe, blade

Jlon&TKa scapula, shoulder blade

JlonaTOHOC shovelnose (sturgeon) aMepHK^HCKHH JI. (Am.) shovelnose sturgeon, hackleback (Scaphirhynchus platorhynchus) dojiBnioK (aMyflapBHHCKpH*) JI. big shovelnose (Pseudo- scaphirhynchus kaufmanni) MaJIHH (aMyflapBHHCKHH) ji. little shovelnose (P. hermanni) Cbipflapi&HCKHH JI. Syr-dar shovelnose sturgeon (P. fedtschenkoi) - 63 -

JIOcoce'Bbie , fishes of the salmon family

JI0c6cB 1. salmon (in general); 2. Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) aBCTaJIHMcKHM JI. Australian salmon () apdJlBCKHH JI. Aral trout (S. trutta aralensis) dJiaropdflHblH ji. Atlantic salmon (S. salar) #aJlBHeBOCT6qHHe JI-ch Pacific (Oncorhynchus spp.) .ZjyHMcKHM JI. "Danube trout" ( hucho) KacnHHCKHH JI. Caspian salmon (S. trutta caspius; also called S. salar caspius) 03epHbiM JI. lake salmon, Sebago salmon (S. salar sebago) OXptfflCKHH JI. Ohrid trout (Salmothymus) cepedprfcTbM JI. smolt--a young salmon during the seaward migration CTaJlBHOroJlOBHH Ji. steelhead (S. gairdneri) •qepHOMdpcKHH n* Black Sea salmon (S. trutta labrax) JIOcdcB-TaHMeHB sea \..:.out (Salmo trutta trutta) (~ KyWDKa)

JIOX (=3IOc6cb) salmon Jidu^iaH, pblda JidiXMaii pilotfish (Naucrates ductor)

JIomaJIbM spawned out. spent JI. KHffi^rq spent coho

JIomaHHe post-spawning coridition Jiyfl (or possibly Jiyfla) apparently a fairly deep sand or gravel bar, in Lake Ladoga, etc. Jiyzjora "ludoga whitefish" ( ludoga) JiyH^L-pHda ocean sunfish (Mola mola) JiyTOK smew (Mergus albellus) Jiy<|apB 1. (Am.) bluefish (Pomatomus saltatrix); 2. (Asia) (Temnodon saldator) JiynjiaHyc (Am.) snapper, muttonfish (Lutjanus spp.) Jiyq 1. ray, beam, shaft (of light); 2. ray (of a fin, etc.) BeTBHCTblH JI. branched ray ffiddepHHH JI. branchiostegal ray KOJn6qHH JI. spiny ray (of a fin) MarKHH JI. soft ray - 64 -

Jiyq (cont'd) iuiaBHHKdBHH JI. fin ray TBepz^blM JI. spiny ray (of a fin) qjieHHCTbiK Ji. soft (or segmented) ray (of a fin)

JiyqeBHKH Radiolaria (a Subclass of protozoans)

Jiyqenepee actinopterygian (fishes),

Jiyqnija Chara, stonewort

Jlbicaq "pike asp" (Aspiolucius esocinus) Jlbic^H harp seal, Greenland seal (Phoca groenlandica) JIHC^xa (old-world) coot (Fulica atra)

JIBBHHKa soldier fly, stratiomyid

JlBflHHa (ice) floe

JlBHaJia bilge moRoep, (see aK^Jia-.Tno^oe/i;)

JDOMiie'Ha fish of the genus Lumpena naTHHCTaia JI. fish of the genus Leptoclinus

JEOMneHyc snake blenny, shanny (a fish of the family Lumpenidae) JEOpHK little auk, dovekie (Plautus alle) necTpbiH ji. (see necTpun nbiffiHK) Jiar^mKa 1. frog (in general); 2. (Eur.) common frog (Rana temporaria) flHCKoasbiaHaa Ji. discoglossid toad (Discoglossus)

JI. 03epaaa "lake frog" (Rana ridicunda) ji. npyzjOBaa "pond frog" (R. esculenta) ji. TpaBaHaa (Eur.) common frog, "grass frog" (R. temporaria) - 65 -

M

Maitflan, MaH#aHHHK rapids MaKpeJienj$Ka Atlantic saury, skipper, ( saurus) MaKp^JiB (Atlantic) mackerel (Scomber scombrus)--see also cK^Mdpna aBCTpajiHHCKaa KopojieBCKaa m. (Aust.) school mackerel (Scomberomorus queenslandicus) Hcn^HCKaa M. Spanish mackerel (Scomberomorus maculatus) KdHCKaa M. jack, jack mackerel, horse mackerel; (pi.) Carangidae KopoJl^BCKaa M. 1. cero (Scomberomorus regalis); 2. king mackerel (S. cavalla); 3. wahoo (Acanthocybium solanderi) nojioo&raa KOpOJK&BCKaa M. (Aust.) Spanish mackerel (Scomberomorus commersoni) naTHHCTaa KopoJie'BCKaa M. Spanish mackerel (Scomberomorus maculatus)

MaKponofl a Chinese labyrinthoid fish (Macropodus) MaKp^pyc grenadier (Macrurus berglax) Majie'K (gen. MajiBKd) fingerling (less correctly, fry)--"a young, but already fully-formed, fish" (CFUSSR)

MaJie'K-noK&THHK a downstream-migrating young fish, a smolt (of salmonids) MaJiomeTHHKOBbie (^epBH) oligochaete worms, Oligochaeta (a Subclass of annelids)

M^JlBMa Dolly Varden char (Salvelinus malma)

Manrp mangrove MaHflapHHKa mandarin duck (Aix galericulta) MaHepECa tugun--a cisco (Coregonus tugurt)

MaHHXa slack water, slack of the tide

MaHTa manta; (pi.) Mobulidae--a family of large rays

M&HTHa mantle (of a clam or oyster) MapeHa "Dnepr barbel" (Barbus borysthenicus) - 66 -

MapHHKa marinka (Schizothorax intermedius) daJlX^fflCKaa M. "Balkhash marinka" (S. argentatus) HJlMcKaa M. "Hi marinka" (S. pseudaksaiensis) HCCHK-K^JlBCKaa M. "Issyk-kul marinka" (S. p. issykkuli) lyyKOBHflHaa m. "pike marinka" (S. esocinus) MapJlHH marl in (genus Makaira) noJiocdTbiM M. striped (M. mitsukurii) MapTHH herring gull (Larus argentatus), and other large gulls MapTbmiKa common tern (Sterna hirundo) , and other similar terns Macjn6K rock gunnel, gunnel, rock eel, butterfish (Pholis gunellus) MaTepaa BOfld deep water (safe for navigation)

MaTHa (see MOTHa)

MaaK 1. lighthouse; 2. buoy; 3. egg yolk in brandy

Mra, MrJia mist, haze MrHdBeHHbiti K03$Hi]#eHT CMepTHOCTH instantaneous mortality rate [= natural logarithm of survival rate, with sign reversed] Mer/JblM "Siberian dace" (Leuciscus leuciscus baicalensis) MerpHM (Eur.) megrim--a flatfish (Lepidorhombus whiff) Mefl^3a jellyfish,

MeffieBoM limiting, extreme

MeffieHB 1. limit; 2. low-water level (of a river); 3. (= saKpdHKa: Berg, 1948, p. 211); 4. (locally = THHfla: Nikolsky., 1954, p. 148) B MeffieHB as a limit, at the outside MeffiffiddepHbiM npoMeffi^TOK isthmus (of a fish) MeffiKOffi&depHbie Marsipobranchii, Cyclostomata (lampreys, etc.) MeffiKp&meqHaa (koctb) interopercle Meffiq^JDOCTHaa (koctb) premaxillary (bone) - 67 -

MeJiaKOima maigre (Umbrina cirrhosa) MeJlHOpdujiH improvement, amelioration

M&TKTCB 1. trifle; 2. undersized fish, illegal fish

M6H6K cusk, tusk, torsk (Brosme brosme)

MeHHflHH (Am.) silverside (Menidia spp.)

MeprejiB marl MepJI&Hr (Eur.) whiting ( merlangus) MepndHKa "Black Sea whiting", "merlanka" (Gadus merlangus euxinus) Mepjiy3a 1. (Eur.) hake (Merluccius merluccius); 2. (Am.) silver hake (M. bilinearis); 3. (S. Afr.) , cape hake (M. capensis); 4. (Aust.) hake, whiting (M. goyi) MeT^TB (HKpy) to lay (eggs) MeTanepK&pHa metacercaria (a life-history stage of trematodes)

MeTKa tag (for fish)

Meqeroie marking, tagging

MeqeHocen; swordtail (Xiphophorus)

MetiexBdcT horseshoe crab (Limulus polyphemus) Me^-pblda swordfish (Xiphias gladius)

MHflHa (sea) mussel CBeflddHaia M. common mussel, blue mussel (Mytilus edulis)

MHKHffia ' "mikizha"--a trout of Kamchatka (Salmo mykiss)

MHKCHHa Atlantic (Myxina glutinosa); (pi.) , Myxinoidea (an Order of jawless vertebrates) MHKCodoJlH03 myxoboliosis--infestation of the skin or gills of fishes by a variety of sporozoans MHKC0d0JlH03 KapnOB carp myxoboliosis--a sporozoan disease of cyprinids, caused by Myxobolus cyprini - 68 -

MHKeocnopHflHOS myxosporidiosis (a fish disease)

MHHKe minke whale (Balaenoptera acutorostrata)

MHH6ra lamprey; (pi.) Petromyzontia (an Order of jawless vertebrates) daJlTHScKaa M. river lamprey (Lampetra fluviatilis) BeHrepcKaa m. "Danube lamprey" (L. danfordi) B6jlffiCKaa M. Caspian lamprey, Volga lamprey (Caspiomyzon wagneri) ^ajiBHeBOCT6qHaa pyqBeB&a m. "Asiatic brook lamprey" (L. reissneri) ff^&M.CKasi M. "Danube lamprey" (L. danfordi) (eBponeMcKaa) pyaBeB&a m. (Eur.) brook lamprey (L. planeri) KacnHHCKaa m. Caspian lamprey (Caspiomyzon wagneri) JieflOBHTOMdpcKaa M. arctic lamprey (L. japonica) MOpcK&a M. sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) HeBCKaa M. river lamprey (L. fluviatilis) peaHda M. river lamprey (L. fluviatilis) CHdnpcKaa p^aBeB&a M. "Arctic brook lamprey" (L. japonica kessleri) THXOOKedHCKaa M. arctic lamprey (Lampetra japonica) Tpe'X3ydaa M. Pacific lamprey (Entosphenus tridentatus) yKp&fecKaa M. "Ukrainian lamprey" (Lampetra mariae) tiepHOMdpcKaa M. 1. "Danube lamprey"; 2. "Ukrainian lamprey"

MHHOrOBbie lampreys, Petromyzontidae MHHTaM , (Theragra chalcogramma) MHpHaa (pfcida) non-predatory (fish) MHpOH barbel (Barbus barbus) MHoroKJieTOTHbTM 1. (adj.) many-celled; 2. .(noun) metazoan, (pi.) Metazoa MHoroKOJieHaaTbie Pantopoda (a Class of arthropods) MHorOHdffiKa myriapod; (pi.) Myriapoda (a group of arthropods) rydoHdraa M, centipede; (pi.) Chilopoda (a Class of arthropods) MHOronep bichir--a crossopterygian fish of the Nile (Polypterus bichir) MHoromeTHHKOBbie (•qepBH) polychaete (worms) , Polychaeta (a Subclass of annelids) - 69 -

MHdffiecTBO 1. a great many, a multitude; 2. a set (math.)

Moe'BKa kittiwake (Rissa tridactyla) KpacHOHdraa M. red-legged kittiwake (R. brevirostris) MoeBKa-roBopyiiKa (see roBopyiiiKa)

MOHBd capelin, caplin (Mallotus villosus) 3anaHHCEiTJiaHTHqecK£La M. west Atlantic capelin (M. v. villosus) THXOOKeaHCKo-BOCToqHoaTJiaaTHqecKaa m. Asiatic and east Atlantic capelin (M. v. socialis)

MOKH (N.Z.) moki (Latridopsis ciliaris)

MOJIJUbcK mollusc, mo^lusk ndHDJjpHHH M. chiton: (pi.) Amphineura (or Loricata)-- a Class of molluscs Tynre'Hbie M-KH clam chowder MOJldflB juvenile, immature (fish)—"young fish not yet sexually -max-ufer also'sometimes = MaJie'K" (CFUSSR)

MOJIOKH

MdJIOKO ' 1. milk; 2. fog MdJIOT-pi&da hammerhead (shark) (Sphyrna zygaena)

MdJlBBa ling "• CMolva}; ;'/ >

MOMeHT 1. factor, feature; 2. moment (physics); 3. instant

MOHaKO an early-spawning form of chum salmon (Oncorhynchus keta) found in Kamchatka

MdpBopr (Aust.) morworg (Cheilodactylus spp., Nemadactylus spp.) Mopffi walrus (Odobaenus rosmarus) MopOflyHKa Terek sandpiper (Xenus cinerea) MopcKOH sea (adj.), marine, maritime, nautical (for details of names beginning with MopcKOH, see under the corres ponding noun) M-KOH anreJI monkfish, angel shark m-koh deKac snipefish M-Kaa djlox4 gammarid amphipod (marine) M-KOH BOpodeM lumpfish - 70 -

MopcKOH (cont'd) M-Kaa BbVjpa sea-otter m-koh roJiyddK slender-billed gull M-koh flpaKOH greater weaver M-koh RhABOJl manta, eagle ray m-koh e'ffi m-koh e'pin (see epm) m-koh ffieJiyftB acorn barnacle m-koh 3dau; bearded seal M-Kaa 3Be3fld starfish M-Kaa HrJl& pipe-fish M-KOH. Kap^CB 1. (Eur.) gilthead; 2. (Aust.) snapper m-koh KOHeK sea horse M-Kaa KopdBa 1. sea cow; 2. stargazer M-Kaa K6pK)UlKa arctic smelt M-KOH kot 1 . sting ray, 2. lesser spotted dogfish; 3. fur seal M-KOH KdTHK fur snal M-KOH JieB California sea-lion M-KOH Jiein 1. (Pac/) pomfret; 2. (Afr.) sea bream; 3. (Aust.) bream M-Kaa JiHJina crinoid, sea-lily M-Kaa JlHCHIja 1 , thresher shark; 2. thornback ray M-Kaa .TlHCH^Ka alligatorfish, M-l-caa MHH(3ra sea lamprey M-Kaa MbUlCb 1 . sea-mouse; 2. dragonet; 3. frogfish m-koh HaJlHM 1 . rockling; 2. hake; 3. Gaidrosparus m-koh orypeX sea cucumber M-KOH 6KyHB (see OKJIiB) ' M-koh ope'Ji maigre M-KOH na^K pycnogonid, sea spider M-Koe nepd sea-pen m-koh neT^X sea-robin, gurnard M-Kaa paK^miKa mussel, clam m-koh caJl^T sea lettuce M-Kaa CBHHKa guinea-pig M-Kaa OBWHhA porpoise m-koh cnr Baltic whitefish m-koh CJliteeHB sea slug, nudibranch m-koh CJlH3HaK , seasnail, liparid m-koh cjioh elephant seal M-Kaa cod&ca spiny dogfish M-Kaa cod&aKa blenny m-koh cyfl^K (see cya;£K) M-Kaa TpaBd eel-grass m-koh ^ropB conger eel M-Kaa yjlHTKa 1. periwinkle; 2. any marine snail M-Kaa yToaKa goose barnacle m-koh $hhhk date mussel m-koh TapaKan Mesidothea - 71 -

MopcKOH (cont'd) M-Kaa ^ope'JIB sea trout m-koh "aepT qoosefish, angler M-Kaa w$k& (see ig#Ka) m-koh a3bta (see hs&k)

MopmHHHCTHH rugose

MopHHKa long-tailed duck (Clangula hyemalis)

MOTHjt bag (of a seine) MOTOpHKa movement (during development of egg or embryo)

MOTI&JIB chironomid larva, bloodworm MOX (gen. MXa) moss HpJI^HflCKHH M„ 1, Irish moss (an alga); 2. carrageen, carrageenin (a product prepared from Irish moss)

MOXappa (Am.) mojarra (fish of the family Gerridae) MOaerop "mochegor whitefish" (Coregonus pidschian mokschegor)

MoaKa 1. cirrus, filament; 2. wetting

MOiUKa 1.-midge,. (pi.) Tendipedidae; 2. (pi.) small flies in general KpoBOCOcymaa M. blackfly, (pi.) Simuliidae

M6mHOCTB 1. power; 2. capacity, potential; 3. numerical abundance M. noKOJieHHa abundance (or strength) of a year-class MyKC^H (odblKHOBeHHHH) ""--a whitefish (Coregonus muksun) 03epHblH M. "lake muksun" (C. muksun lacustris) MypeHa muraena eel (Muraena sp.) Mypija mursa (Barbus mursa)--an Indian cyprinid

Mffi^HKa bryozoan, polyzoan, moss animal; (pi.) Bryozoa, Polyzoa (a Phylum of animals)

MHKblffia •(= MHKHffia)

MbWja mus c1 e dapad&HHbie Mb^nnnijE drumming muscles (attached to the swim bladder, used to produce sound in haddock, etc.) - 72 -

MbMB mouse KopHHaHeBaa m. water shrew JieTy^aa m. bat MOpcKda M. 1. sea-mouse (--a polychaete worm); 2. dragonet (Callionymus spp.); 3. frogfish (Antennarius spp.)

MBHXe^eH (Brevoprtia spp.) - 73 -

H

HaB&ra 1. (= ce^sepHaaH.) 2. any species of Eleginus flaJIBHeBOCTOaHaa H. Pacific navaga (E. gracilis) eBponeHCKaa H. (Atlantic) navaga (E. navaga) ceBepHaa H. (Atlantic) navaga (E. navaga) THXOOKeelHCKaa H. Pacific navaga (E. gracilis) H^BOJIOK 1. cape, point; 2. overthrust (geol.)

HarJI^rabiH 1. intuitive; 2. vizualized; 3. graphic, striking, obvious, clear Haropen; (pi. Haropifci) "nagorets"--a cyprinid fish.(Schizopy- gopsis stoliczkai) Har^JI feeding migration, foraging excursion, growing period (the part of the year devoted to feeding and growing, as opposed to reproduction)--this word and its compounds below include the ideas both of feeding and of increasing in size or fatness.

Har^JIHBaTB to forage, to feed and grow

HaryJiHB^ionpiHca foraging, growing Har^JIBHblH apeaJI foraging area, feeding range Har^JIBHblH npya; forage pond, fattening pond

Harbini neaopcKHH H. Pechora smelt (a freshwater form of Osmerus eperlanus)

HaflBHCOaHaa (koctb) supratemporal (bone) Ha#ffi4depHHH epibranchial, suprabranchial, above the gills H. dpraH labyrinth (of gouramis, snakeheads, etc.)

Haj^KJiacc superclass

Ha^KJnoaHaHaa (koctb) supra cleithrum

HaffiHBKa (live) bait

HaffiHBJieHHbiH KpioaoK baited hook

HaffiHBJiaTB to bait (a hook) - 74 -

HaseMHHH terrestrial, land (as opposed to aquatic)

HaKHftKa cast-net, throw-net

HaKJidH slope (of a line on a graph)

HaJlHM burbot (Lota lota) deJlHH MopcKOH H. (Am.) white hake (Urophycis tenuis) KpacHbiH MopcKOH H. (Am.) squirrel hake, red hake (U. chuss) MopcKOH H. 1. (Eur.) five-bearded rockling (Motella mustella); 2. fourbeard rockling (Enchelyopus cimbrius); 3. (Eur.) hake (Merluccius merluccius); 4. (Am.) silver hake (Merluccius bilinearis); 5. (Am.) squirrel hake and other species of Urophycis; 6. Gaidropsarus THXOOKe^liCKHH MopcKOH H. Pacific hake (Merluccius productus)

HaJlHMqHK (dim. of HaJIHM.) MopcKOH H. (Gaidropsarus mediterraneus)

Handc alluvium H. neCKd sand bar

HanjiaB float, cork

HanoJiHeHHe fullness HHfleKC HanoJlHCHHa ffieJiy£KOB stomach content index

HanpaBJieHHe 1. concept? 2. trend OCHOBHde H. basic concept HapB^Ul narwhal (Monodon monoceros)

HaceJieHHe population (of man or animals) HayaHO-HCCJieflOBdTeJlBCKHH research (adj.)

HeacKyo3 blackspot disease, neascosis--infestation of the skin of fishes by larvae of Neascus, a trematode He'dHaa (koctb) palatine (bone)

Hedo palate

HeBOfl 1. seine; 2. trap net; 3. other kinds of nets dJIOKOBblH H. [possibly a drag seine hauled by block and tackle] flByxcajJ^KOBblH H. a trap net having two hearts flOHHHH H. trap net [set completely submerged] flOHHNH noflBHffiHHH H. Danish seine - 75 -

HeBOfl (cont'd) flpn<|TepHblM H. drift net, floating gill net (usually ApHcfyrepnaa ceTB) 3aKHflH0H H. drag seine, haul seine, shore seine, beach seine KomeJiBKdBHH H. purse seine ' KydciHCKHH H. a trap net having a single heart OflHOJlOBymKOBbiM CTaBHoM H. a trap net having a single heart noflBecHOH (cTaBHbM) H. floating-lead trap net [the lead does not reach the bottom] noJiynO£BecHOH h. a trap net with the lead partly free from the bottom CTaBHbiH H. trap net, pound net (see IfeBecTHH BHKOPXa, 14, p. 192) CTp6ffieHblH H. a long haul-seine (used in rivers to reach the mid-channel or OTpeffieHb) TitroBblH H. haul seine, drag seine

He#OJlOB poor catch (of fish)

HeH3BecTK0Bbie Incalcarea (a Class of sponges)

HeJlBMa inconnu, ( nelma)

HeJlBMyiUKa "Lake Kuben whitefish" (Coregonus lavaretus nelmuschka) HeMepTHHa nemertinean; (pi.) Nemertea--a Phylum of worm-like animals BoopyffieHbie HeMepTHHbi Enopla HeBoopymeHHbie HeMepTHHbi Anopla

HeHy./ieBOH not zero

HenocpeflCTBeHHaa 3aBHCHM0CTB direct dependence, direct relationship HepaHHOH^EBHHH excessive (of a fishery)

HepecT spawning nopn^dHHbiH H. intermittent spawning, spawning by stages

HepeCTHJIHme spawning or breeding grounds HepecT^IomHH spawning (adj.) HepHTHaecKHH neritic, shoreward (as opposed to pelagic) - 76 -

HepKa sockeye (salmon) (Oncorhynchus nerka) (see also KpacHaa) ffiHJlda H. kokanee (sockeye of stocks living in freshwater) OCTaTOaHaa H. residual sockeye (non-anadromous progeny of anadromous sockeye) Hepna 1. ringed seal (Phoca hispida); 2. any small seal (see also TTOJieHB) KOJiBaaraa h. ringed seal naTHHCTaa H. harbour seal (P. vitulina) cepaa H. ringed seal He$poMHK03 nephromycosis--a fungus disease of the kidney in carp

HeaJieHHCTbH unarticulated, not segmented

HHffiHeno^ba3braHaa (koctb) hypohyal (bone)

HHffiHea^JHOCTHaa (koctb) dentary (bone)

HH3HHa swale

HHCXOflAnaa BeTBB descending limb (of a graph)

HHTeJIBCH netting, cargo net HHTenep 1. (Aust.) threadfin (Eleutheronoma spp,); 2. (Aust.) perch (Nemadactylus macropterus)

HHTa&TKa filamentous alga

•HHina niche HOronepbie anglers (fishes of the Order Pediculati) HOffi-pida knife-fish (Centriscus)

H03flpa nostril hok6thhiI3, spiny dogfish (Squalus acanthias) HdpKa Asiatic mink (Lutreola lutreola) HO.pM or Hdp/ra 1. standard, norm; 2. rate H. 3KcnJiyaTill#H rate of exploitation HOp/EHpOEKa normalization (math.) - 77 -

HOC 1. nose; 2. cape (in northern waters)

HOCapB "Don ruffe" (Acerina acerina)

HOTOTeHHH/Jbi Nototheniidae, a family of southern- hemisphere fishes HyjiBeBaa rp^nrra zero group, fish of age 0

HbipOK pochard, redhead, and allied ducks (genus Aythya) oeJIorJia3HH H. white-eyed pochard, ferruginous duck (A. nyroca) KpacHoroJlOBbSH H. pochard (A. ferina) KpacHOHOCbM H. red-crested pochard (A. rufina) H. B3pa "Baer?s pochard" (A. baeri)

- 79 -

0 odeflHHK southeast wind odeTOH following wind (L. Baikal) odHJIHe abundance 0. nonyJianjfH population abundance OTHOCHTeJlBHoe 0. relative abundance npOMHCJldBoe 0. commercial abundance odHJIBHHH abundant odJldBJIHBaHHB seining (fishing by encircling the fish) odJldB 1. fishing (off); 2. removals (from a fish stock); 3. seining bdMeH 1. exchange; 2. metabolism (short for OOM^H Beine'oTB; aKT^BHblH 0. .active metabolism 0. noKda resting metabolism, basal metabolism odlUHH 0. total metabolism odbiaHHH O. routine metabolism, normal metabolism OOHOBOH 0. basal metabolism CTaHfldpTHBlM O. standard metabolism

0d03HaaeHHe 1. notation (math.); 2, designation odoJIOMHHK tunicate, sea-squirt: (pi.) Tunicata or Urocho.rda (a Subphylum of anima.1?) odopdT overturn (of a lake) 6dpa3 ffiH3HH. mode, of life, habits odpam^HHe 1. conversion; 2. inversion; 3. transformation (math.) odpdcT, odpoCT&HHe encrusting organisms (periphyton and associated animals--Ger. Aufwuchs)

odteKT 1. object, item; 2. subject (of an experiment); 3. specimen odfce'M 1. bulk,, weight; 2. volume (physics); 3. size; 4. scope odkaaeeHHH gilled, caught in a gill net odfcaaeHBaTBCa to become gilled (in a net) - 80 -

OBepHHH deck

OBea a form of sockeye from the Ola River system on the northern coast of the , described as p. nerka ovetsh Taliev) OBcaHKa (= BepxoBKa) orapB ruddy shelduck (Tadorna ferruginea) orpyflOK gravel orypen; cucumber MopcKOH o. sea cucumber, holothurian; (pi.) Holothuria (a Class of echir.oderms) orypeaHHK pond smelt, silver smelt (Hypomesus olidus)

OflHHeu; rock, reef f:v3.r„ous hazard to navigation)

OflHOBepmHHHH unicus pict

0flH03HaqHHH single-valved (math.)

OflHOJl^THHK annual (plant) OAHOpiiflHblH uniserial. in one row

03epK0 small bay

hiemal--of anadromous fishes, one that enters a river or approaches the mouth of a river with poorly developed sexual products and which must remain overwinter in (or close to) the river before becoming mature (Berg, 1948, p.212) (compare HpOBOK ) OKapaa (Eur.) axillary sea bream (Pagellus acarne)

OKOJlopOTOBOH adoral, circumoral

OKOCTeHeBaTB to ossify

0KT0MHT03 octomitosis (a fish disease caused by the protozoan Octomitus) OKyHeBHflHbie • fishes of the Suborder Percoidei OKyHeBbie , fishes of the perch family OKyHeodp£,3Hbie or (an Order of fishes) - 81 -

dfO/HB 1. (Eur.) perch (Perca fluviatilis); 2. (Am.) (= ffieJiTblw o.); 3. various other fishes--see below aMepHK^HciCHM o. centrarchid, sunfish; (pi.) Centrarchidae daJlx^uiCKHH 0. Balkhash perch (Perca schrenki) doJlBmepoTbTH aepHbiw 0. (Micropterus salmoides) dpa3HJIBCKHH K^MeHHblK 0. "Brazilian sea bass" (Acanthistius brasilianus) dypblH K^MeHHbiH 0. (Am.) wreckfish (Polyprion americanum) rar&HTCKHH K^MeHHbTH o. (Jap.) dusky sea perch (Epinephelus gigas) ffie'JlTHH 0. (Am.) (Perca flavescens) ffieMa^ffiHHH 0. (Aust.) pearl perch ( scapulare) ffiHBOpo^&HHM 0. (Pac.) viviparous perch; (pi.) Embiotocidae 34naflHblH ffieM^ffiHHH 0. (Aust.) V/estralian jewfish (Glaucosoma hebraicum) 30JI0THCTblH 0. "golden redfish" (Sebastes marinus — excluding mentella) Kcb/reHHHH 0. 1. a bass of the genus Serranus or allied genera; 2. (N.Z.) hapuka (Polyprion oxygeneios); 3. any Serranidae KHTcLHCKHH 0. Chinese perch (Siniperca chua-tsi) KJEOBOpbiJlblM 0. "deepwater redfish" (Sebastes mentella) KpaCHblH MopcKOH o. (Am.) redfish (Sebastes marinus, S. mentella) MaJIopdlHH ae'pHblH o. (Micropterus dolomieui) MaJEbTH MopcKOH 0. (Eur.) (Sebastes viviparus) MopcKOH O. 1. redfish, ocean perch, Norway haddock (oob.jstes marinus); 2. Pacific ocean pnrch (S, alutus); 3. (= KiiMeHHHH dnyHB); 4. (= CMapnfla (Spicara)j COJIHeaHHH 0. (Am.) sunfish, centrarchid; (pi.) Centrarchidae THXOOKe&HCKHH MopcKoM o. (Pac.) rockfish (Sebastodes = Sebastes, and related genera) ymcLCTHH 0. centrarchid, sunfish; (pi.) Centrarchidae aepHHH 0. 1. black bass (Micropterus spp.); 2. largemouth bass (M. salmoides) aepHHH KciMeHHbiH 0. (Am.) weakfish (Cynoscion regalis) aepHHH MopcKOH 0. (Am.) black sea bass (Centropistes striatus) OJl^ina 1. gannet (Sula bassana); 2. booby (other species of Sula) KpacHOHdraa o. red-footed booby (S. sula) ojiyniEca Bepxnaa o. top strip (of a net) HHffiHaa o. bottom strip npOMeffi^ToaHaa o. joining strip, intermediate strip - 82 -

OJlBxd alder (Alnus spp.)

OJiamca water ouzel (Cinclus cinclus) OMdp lobster (Homarus) HopBeffiCKHH O. Norwegian lobster (Nephrops) OMyJIB --a cisco (Coregonus autumnalis) daHKdJlBCKHH 0. "Baikal omul" (C. autumnalis migratorius) JieflOBHTOMdpcKHH 0. "arctic omul" (C. a. autumnalis) OHfld/rpa muskrat (Fiber zibethicus) 0nHCT0pX03 opisthorchpsis--infestation of cats, dogs, man, etc., by the trematode Opisthorchis; infection is from eating fish onpefleJiiiTeJiB key (tor .iaentifying organisms) onpefleJlHTeJiBHaa Tadjifea key (for identification of animals or plants) onpoKHflblBaiomHHca TepiidUGT'p reversing thermometer dnyxOJIB swelling, tumour, pimple ocneHHbie o-jih (~ dona. ca3anoB) dpraH 1. organ, part (of the body); 2. device, tool; 3. organ (mus.) peffiyrnHH o. lancet (in nematodes) ope'Jl eagle (especially the golden eagle and other species of Aquila) MopcKOH 0. maigre, meagre (Sciaena aquila) peaHOH 0. osprey, fish hawk (Pandion haliaetus)

opex nut BOflHHOH 0. "water nut" opjian sea-eagle (genus Haliaeetus) deJiorOJiOBblH o. " bald eagle (H.^leucocephalus) deJionJieaHH o. (= THXooKedbicKHH o.) THXOOKe^HCKHH o. Steller's sea eagle (H. pelagicus) opJian-deJloXBOCT white-tailed eagle (Haliaeetus albicilla) opJiaH-flOJiroXBOCT "long-tailed eagle" (Haliaeetus leucorypha) OpJttfe; eagle ray (Myliobatis aquila) - 83 - op^flHe (jIOBa) (fishing) gear op|>a orfe (= H3B, especially the ornamental varieties) OceHaa (ceMra) "autumn salmon"--Atlantic salmon of the hiemal type, larger than grilse, which enter the river from the middle of August to freeze-up and perhaps beyond, and which spawn the following autumn (Berg, 1948, p. 211; Nikolsky, 1954, p. 148)

OcepeflOK a shoal or sandbar near the middle of a river, or in a lake or sea distant from land (used on the Caspian) oceTp 1. sturgeon (Acipenser spp.); 2. (= pycCKHM 0.) aMypcKHH 0. "Amur sturgeon" (A. schrencki) aTJiaHTlfaecKHH 0„ sea sturgeon, sturgeon (A. sturio) daJITH^HCKHHl 0. (= aTJiaHTHaeCKHH 0.) pyccKHH 0. "Russian sturgeon" (A. guldenstadti) caxaJIHHCKHH 0. green sturgeon, "Sakhalin sturgeon" (A. medirostris) CHdnpCKHH 0. "Siberian sturgeon" (A. baeri)

OCCTpOBbie sturgeons, Acipenseridae

OCM^H 1. osman (a cyprinid fish of the genus Diptychus); 2. (= tiemyHHHM o.) aJITaMcKHH o. "Altai osman" (Oreoleuciscus potanini) TOJlblH O. "scaleless osman" (D. dybowskii) ^emyHHHH o. "scaled osman" (D. maculatus)

OCOKa sedge (Carex) dcna pox 0. ca3aH0B carp pox, epithelioma papulosum cyprinorum aepaaa o. smallpox

OCTATOK 1. remainder; 2. carry-over (of a fish stock, from one year to the next--usually contrasted with recruitment)

OCT&roaHblH 1. remaining, left-over; 2. carried over (to the next year) O-Haa HepKa residual sockeye (non-anadromous progeny of anadromous sockeye) O-Haa aaBbHa residual O-HHH KHffi^a residual coho ocTamKOBCKoe (HeBOfla) haul (of a seine) - 84 -

OCTpen; sedge (Carex)

OCTpHDLl Acanthocephala (a Phylum of parasitic worms)

OCTpOBOK islet ocTporoJiOBaa (K&wtdajia) sohachi flounder (Cleisthenes herzensteini) OCTpoJiyaKa Bostroluchka"--a cyprinid fish (Capoetobrama kuschakewitschi)

OCTpOHdc (Eur.) grey mullet (Mugil saliens) OCTpoHOCHK (Black Sea) "sharp-nosed mullet" (Mugil labrosus) OCTpo^MHHH ingenious

OCBMHHdr octopus (Octopus spp.); (pi.) Octopoda (a Suborder of cephalopod molluscs)

OTaKeJiaJKHTB to rig

OTdoH discards, rejects (of undersized fish)

OTdoHHoe Teae'HHe fast current OTddp selection eCTeCTBeHHHH O. natural selection OTddpHHH B^Tep offshore wind

OTffiHMHOe TeaeHHe offshore current

OTKJlOH^HHe deviation, anomaly OTKpblTOnysdpHHH physostomous (having an open duct connecting swim bladder and alimentary tract)

OTJIHB low tide

OTJldB 1. fishing out; 2. eradication or reduction in numbers of coarse fish by fishing OTHepecTHBmaacH (jiocdcB) kelt, spawned-out salmon OTHepecTyroinHH return spawning (fish), the return from a given year-class - 85 -

OTpHI^TeJIBHblH 1. negative; 2. unfavourable; 3. damaging destructive OTpoCTOK 1. process, offshoot; 2. appendix coaJieHOBHHH o. zygapophysis

OTCTaHB^TBCH to ride at anchor

OTTOp strong offshore wind OC&HOflOH (Pac.) lingcod (Ophiodon elongatus)

0$H#pa brittle star, ophiuran; (pi.) Ophiura (a Class of echinoderms) BeTBHCTbie OQvrfehl Euryalae HacTOanme ocj>H$pbi Ophiurae ODIHdeHB "oshiben" (Ophidium barbatum) ; (pi.) Ophidiidae

- 87 -

n nareJiB (Asia) sea bream (Pagellus spp.) n. KpacHblH (Asia) pandora (Pagellus erythrinus) narp (Eur.) scup (Pagrus pagrus) flJlHHOKpbiEHH n. (N.Z.) tarakihi (Dactylopagrus macropterus) naeJl (meteorol.) overhead, ceiling naJlHa, n^JlBa 1. char (in general--genus Salvelinus); 2. lake char (S. lepechini--related to S. alpinus) aMepHK^HCKaa n. (Am.) , speckled trout (S. fontinalis) KpicHaa n. (= JiyflOffiHaa n.) KpaffieBaa n, "deep-hole char"--one of two ecological forms of S. lepechini in Ludoga and Onega JiyflOffiHaa n, "Ludoga char"--the other form of S. lepechini in Lakes Ludoga and Onega 03epHaa n, 1. (Am.) lake trout (S. namaycush); 2. (Eur.) Alpine char (S. salvelinus) aMHaa n. (= KpHffieBaa i?.) naJlOMeTa Pacific pompano (Palometa simillima) ndjiTyc 1.. (= deJiOKOpbit n.); 2. (any species of , Reinhardtius, Atherestes or Paralichthys); 3. turbot (Rhombus maximus); 4. any of several other large flatfishes (see below) a3Hd.TCKHH 0TpeJi03^dHH n. Asiatic arrow-toothed halibut (Atherestes evermanni) aMepHK^HCKHi! CTpeJio3$6i$ n. , American arrow-toothed halirfit (Atherestes stomias) aTJiaHTHaecKHS (deJiOKopMn) n. (Atlantic) halibut (H. hippoglossus) aTJiaHTHaecKHi! ae'pHbii! n. (Reinhardtius hippoglossoides) deJiOKopbiH n. (true) halibut (Hippoglossus spp.) KajlH^opHHMoKHM re. (Paralichthys californicus) JlOffiHHH n. 1, (Am.) (Paralichthys dentatus); 2. (Japan) bastard halibut (P, olivaceus) CHHeKOpblH n. Greenland halibut (Reinhardtius hippoglossoides) CTpeJl03^"dbii! n. arrow-toothed halibut (Atherestes spp.) THXOOKe^HOKHfl (deJiOKopbiff) n. (H. stenolepis) THXOOKedHCKHM ae'pHbiS n. "Pacific black halibut" (R. h. matsuurae) aepHbiM n. Greenland halibut (Reinhardtius hippoglossoides) ndjiBa (see ndjiHfl) - 88 - ndHDJjpHHH armoured, loricate n^HIlfcipB 1. armour (of fish); 2. carapace (of crustaceans) n^nopoTHHK 1. fern; 2. an anthelminthic drug made from certain ferns, sometimes used to treat fish napanepKHC (N.Z.) blue cod ( colias) napano$H3 parapophysis napacc&eHOHfl parasphenoid (bone) nipycHHK 1. sailfish (Istiophorus spp.); 2. by-the-wind sailor (Velella) nacc&THbie BeTpbl trade winds nacTymdK 1. water rail (Rallus aquaticus); 2. (pi.) Rallidae-- rails, gallinules, etc. nayffiHHK southwest wind na$K spider MopcKOH n. sea spider, pycnogonid; (pi.) Pycnogonida or Pantopoda, an Order of arachnids nayKoodp^L3Hoe arachnid: (pi.) Arachnida (a Class of Arthropoda) ner&HKa 1. ribbon seal (Phoca fasciata); 2. shelduck, sheld-duck (Tadorna tadorna) XOXJiaraa n. crested shelduck (T. cristata) neJiaMH^a Atlantic bonito, belted bonito, pelamid (Sarda sarda) BOCT6aHaa n. 1. Pacific bonito (S. chilensis); 2. (Aust.) bonito (Cybiosarda elegans) neJleHraTop direction finder neJlHKaH 1. (old-world) white pelican (Pelecanus onocrotalus); 2. any pelican KypaaBblH II, Dalmatian pelican (P. crispus) pd30BblH n. 1. east Asian white pelican, rosy pelican (P. onocrotalus roseus); 2. old-world white pelican (as a whole--P. onocrotalus) neJlHHrdc "Pacific mullet" (Mugil so-iuy) neJiaflB ""--a cisco (Coregonus peled) - 89 - nepeB03aHK (Eurasia) common sandpiper (Tringa hypoleucos) neperopdflKa baffle (in a fish ladder) nepeflHerpyzjB prothora x nepeflHeffiddepHbie Prosobranchia (a Subclass of snails) nepeflHeJiodHaa (koctb) prefrontal, or lateral ethmoid (bone) nepeflHecnHHKa pronotum (of insects) nepeflHeyinHaa (koctb) prootic (bone) nepeJiOB overfishihcj:, ' overexploitation nepeMeT set line, longline nepeHaceJieraie overpopulation nependHKa . 1. membrane; 2. velum nepepoffifl&lHe 1, transformation; 2. degeneration; ;:;:3". r;es'orp^;ip(n .v.: ,:f"',, .t; .' ffiHjxiBde'ii. ice^eH^ of the liver n. ilOJiOBbrx: npofl^KTOB resorption of eggs or sperm nepecbinB spitT sandbar' •' nepeTHMB brief period of calm (of wind or current) nepKapHHa percarina (Percarina demidoffi) a3dBCKaa n. "Azov percarina" (P. d. maeotica) nepjldBHlja freshwater mussel, unionid nepd 1 . feather; 2. pen; 3. fin (of a fish) MopcK6e n, sea-pen; (pi.) Pennatulacea--a Suborder of ^coelenterates nepcneKT^Ba 1. prospect, outlook; i 2. perspective n. Bb'icnrHX yJiOBOB outlook for larger catches nepryH White Sea coastal cod (Gadus morhua maris-alba) nepaHKa fin (of a fish) V.

- 90 - necK&pB (Eur.) gudgeon (Gobio gobio) flaJlBHeBOCTdaHblH n. "Pacific gudgeon" (Gobio soldatovi) flJlHHHOy'CblH n. "long-whiskered gudgeon" (Gobio uranoscopus) flJiHHHOXBdciHH KOJnbanM n. "long-tailed spiny gudgeon" (Saurogobio dabryi) necKdpB-JieHB "lazy gudgeon" (Sarcochilichthys sp.) necKOffiHJI lug worm (Arenicola) necKopdn sand lance, sand launce, sand eel (Ammodytes spp.) necKopdMKa ammocoete, young lamprey.

necdaHHK sandpiper, O U.l! U aTJiaHTHaecKHH MopcKo^v;. purple sandpiper (Calidris maritirna maritime} deJioXBdcTblH n. Terr^nck1 s stint (Calidris temmincki) Bep^ n. Baird's sandpiper (C. bairdi) doJlBiilOH n. "thin~U.i ,.ed sandpiper" (C. tenuirostris) BOHanapTOB n. whito-rumped sandpiper (C. fuscicollis) flJlHHHOndJlblH n. "long-toed sandpiper" (C. subminuta) hcji^h^ckhh n. knot (C. canutus) OCTpoXBdcTbM n. sharp-tailed sandpiper (C. acuminata) THXOOKedHCKHH MopcKo^r rr. Aleutian sandpiper (C. maritirna couesi) necdaHHK-KpacHOffieHKa- "redneck sandpiper" (Calidris ruficollis) necTp^uiKa trout (Salmo fario) necTp&c (= MHKHffia) necTp^TKa parr (of salmon) iieca&HHK 1. sandstone; 2. "monkey goby" (Neogobius fluviatilis) neca^HKa 1. sanderling--a shore bird (Crocethia alba); 2. sand lance, sand launce, sand eel (Ammodytes) aMepHK&HCKaa n. American sand lance (A. americanus) doJIBHi&a n. (Eur.) greater sand eel (A. lanceolatus) rdJiaa n. (Atl.) "scaleless sand lance" (A. cicerellus) KopoTKonepaa flaJiBHeBOCTdaHaa n. (Pac.) "short-finned sand lance" (Hypoptychus dybowskii) MciJiaa n. (Eur.) lesser sand eel (A. tobianus) c'e^BepHaLa n. (Eur.) greater sand eel (A. lanceolatus) - 91 - neTO (Am.) wahoo (Acanthocybium solanderi) nei^X 1. cock; 2. gurnard (Trigla spp.) ffie'JiTblH MopcKOH n. (Eur.) yellow gurnard, latchet, tub-fish (T. lucerna = T. corax) KpaciiblH MOpCKOH n. (Eur.) (T. cuculus = T. pini) MopcKOH n. 1. (Am.) sea robin ( spp.); 2. (Eur.) gurnard (Trigla spp.); 3. (Jap.) kanagashira gurnard ( spp.); 4. (Jap,) hobo gurnard (species of Chelidonichthys and Pterotrigla); 5. (N.Z.) gurnard (Chelidonichthys kumu, Lepidotrigla brachyptera) cepblH MopcKOH n. (Eur.) (T. gurnardus) nen;HJlHa "platy" (Platypoecilus) neaeHB liver JlHnOHflHoe nepepoj^eHHe n-HH lipoid degeneration of the liver nHrajiHu;a deJlQXBdcTaa n white-tailed plover (Chettusia leucura) nHKHia haddock (Melanogrammus aeglefinus) aepHOMopcKaa n. (= Mepji&Dca) nHJia-pblda sawfish (Pristis pectinatus, P. microdon) nHJieHrac pilengas (a muilet--Mugil so-iuy)

IIHJIOHOC "saw-nosed shark" (Pristiophorus spp.)

IIHJIOXBOCT a kind of dogfish (Pristiurus melanostomus) nHHardp 1. lumpfish, lumpsucker (Cyclopterus lumpus); (pi.) , lumpfishes KOJn6aHH n. Atlantic spiny lumpsucker (Eumicrotemus spinosus) nHHrBHH penguin nnp^HBa (S. Am.) pirana, piranha; (pi.) Serrosalmidae nHCByJlBKa lesser white-fronted goose (Anser erythropus) nHCKyH loach (Misgurnus fossilis) nHCH;HK0Jl03 piscicolosis--infestation by fish leeches (Piscicola) nHT^HHe 1 . food, feeding; 2. nutrition. (ilHTaHHe seems usually to convey both ideas simultaneously.) - 92 -

iihtomhhk nursery pbidonHTOMHHK fish hatchery, fish rearing station nHXTa fir (Abies) nHineBapHTeJlBHblH alimentary, digestive n. Kandji alimentary canal, digestive tract, gut nHineBdfl gullet immeBb'ie noTp^dHOCTH food requirements nH^EKa leech, bloodsucker; (pi.) Hirudinea 3apaffieHHe iraABKaMH infestation by (fish) leeches nHAEKa-3eMJieMep a fish leech (Piscicola geometra) nHiiBKH leeches, Hirudinea (a Class of annelids) xddOTHbie n. Rhynchobdellida a^JHOCTHbie n. Arhynchobdellida, Gnathobdellida nJIcLBHH a part of the flood plain of southern Russian rivers, characterized by grassy vegetation nJiaBHHK fin, flipper dpiouiHOH n. , ventral fin rpyflHHH n. pectoral fin ffiHpOBOH n. adipose fin, fatty fin 3a#Henpox6(zjHbiH n. anal fin iuieaeBOH n. pectoral fin cnHHHOH n. dorsal fin, back fin nJiaBHHKdBbiH fin (adj.) n-Baa k&mm8l fin fold n-BHH Jiya fin ray iuiaBHHaoK finlet (as in mackerel) nJiaBT odblKHOBdHHHH a water bug (Naucoris cimicoides) nJiaByH 1. beaked whale; (pi.) Ziphiidae; 2. (= iuiaByHen;) C^BepHblH n. Baird's beaked whale (Berardius bairdi) nJiaByH^u; diving beetle, dytiscid; (pi.) Dytiscidae n. ffieJlTodpE&XHM, n. OKaMMJieHHbiH yellow-margined diving beetle (Dytiscus marginalis) n. DiHpdKHH "broad Dytiscus" (D. latissimus) - 93 - iuiaByHaHK phalarope--a genus of shore birds (Phalaropus.) KpyrJlOHOCbBi n. northern phalarope (P. lobatus) IUIOCKOHOCHH n. red phalarope (P. fulicarius) iuiaHKTO(|dr -eater nJldcTHKa bar bearing teeth (in lampreys) HHffiHeadmocTHaa n. . .infraoral bar iIJiacTHHKa 1 . plate* disc; 2. scale; 3. scute (of sturgeons, etc;)* npHcacHBdreJlBHaa .II. adhesive disc (of trematodes, etc.) nJiacTHHOffiddepHbie •elasmobranchs (sharks, rays, etc.), :(a Class of vertebrates) nJiacTHHaaTOffiddepHHe' (mojijii6ckh) clams, Pelecypoda, Lamellibranchia (a Class of molluscs) nJiacTH"aecKHM 1. morphological (as opposed to meristic); 2. used for construction or development; 3. plastic n, odMeH metabolism associated with muscular .activity n. npH3HaK morphological character nJiayH club-moss, Lycopodium nJiepomepKOHfl plerocercoid (a life-history stage of tapeworms) iuie'c (or nJie'co) 1 . reach, hole (a moderately deep to deep portion of a river, between sandbars or riffles, characterized by an even bottom); 2. arm, inlet, bay (region of a reservoir adjacent to a particular inlet stream) BOJlffiCKOe TiJieco the Volga arm (of a reservoir) nJieaeBOH pectoral, shoulder (adj.) n. ndac pectoral girdle nJIOflOBliTOCTB fecundity (no. of eggs laid by a fish) nJlOflopdflHe fertility idiockhM aepBB flatworm; (pi.) flatworms, Platyhelminthes (a Phylum of parasitic animals) nJioCKoroJiod or nJiocKOJiod (Aust.) flathead, tiger Neoplatycephalus macropterus) neca^HHH n. (Aust.) sand flathead (species of Trudis, Platycephalus, Levripora) - 94 - nJIOTB^ roach (Rutilus rutilus) a3epd^HffiaHCKaa n. "Azerbaijan roach" (R. atrapatenus) apcUlBCKaa .n. "Aral roach" (ft. r. aralensis) 3aKaBKd3CKaa n. "Caucasian roach" (R. r. schelkovnikovi) nepT03epcKaa n. [lives in Karelia--may be a geographical . name] cndnpcKaa n. "Siberian roach" (R. r. lacustris) nJIOTOiiflHblH 1 . carnivorous; 2. a carnivore noBefleHHe behaviour noBOflen; gangion (the short lines which carry the" Hooks, - in long-lining) nor^HKa grebe--a diving bird, genus Podiceps; (pi.) Podicipidae (see also aOMra) doJlBinaa n. great crested grebe (P. cristatus) KpacHOHieHHaa n. (Am.) horned grebe, (Eur.) Slavonian grebe (P. auritus) Mdjiaa n. little grebe (P. ruficollis) por^Taia n. (= KpacHomeHHaa n.) cepomeKan n. red-necked grebe (P. griseigena) ymacTaa n. (= aepnonreHHaa n.) aepHomeHHaa n. (Am.) eared grebe, (Eur.) black-necked grebe (P. caspicus) noroHO$opbl Pogonophora (a Phylum of worm-like animals) nordHbHH 1. spotted crake (Porzana porzana); 2. any. short- billed rail (Porzana) deJlOKpHJlbM n. "white-winged crake" (P. exquisita) dojiBniOH n. "Manchurian crake" (P. paykulli) MaJIblH n. little crake (P. parva) nordHbim-KpoiiiKa Baillon's crake (P. pusilla) norpyffie'HHbiH submerged nofldopa ddmaa BepxHaa n. cork line, top line ddmaa Hlteia n. lead line, bottom line' nofldopdflOK chin; mentum (of insects) nofldopofloabiH (^chk) chin barbel noflBecoaHaa (koctb) hyomandibular (bone) - 95 -

noflBHfl subspecies

noflBOflHHK 1. aqualung; 2. submariner (member of the crew of a submarine) noflrJia3HHaHaa (koctb) suborbital (bone)

noflflaBaTB to ship a heavy sea

noflflSB hand-line

nofle'HKa mayfly (Ephemeroptera) noflK^MeHlUHK 1. (Eur.) miller's thumb, sculpin (Cottus gobio); J2. (pi.) Cottidae--see also lUHDOKOJlddKa, KepaaK dalKdJiBCKHH n. (see iiiHpoKOJiddKa) MopcKOH n. shorthorn sculpin, father lasher, sea scorpion (Myoxocephalus scorpius) necTpoHdrHH n. a sculpin (Cottus poecilops) CHdnpcKHH n. "Siberian sculpin" (C. sibiricus) TypKeCT^HCKHH n. "Turkestan sculpin" (C. spinulosus) aeTbipexporHH n. fourhorn sculpin (Myoxocephalus quadricornis) noflKdMeEDUHKOBbie sculpins, bullheads (Cottidae) noflKdffiHbiH subcutaneous, hypodermal noflKopeHHOH subradical, under the square root sign noflKp6nreaHaa (koctb) subopercular (bone), subopercle no/pwiHdffiecTBo subset (math.) nofldlHBa trough (of a wave); foot (of a mountain); sole (of a boot) noflirapaTB to shore up, to prop noflnop backwater nofl^CT "undermouth" (Ital.--savetta, Ger.--Nase) (Chondrostoma nasus) aJia3aHCKHH n. "Alazan undermouth" (C. schmidti) aM^pcKHH n. "blackbelly" (Xenocypris macrolepis) BdJlBffiCKHH n. "Volga undermouth" (C. n. variabile) KOJlXHflCKHH n. "Colchian undermouth" (C. colchicum) KypHHCKHH n. "Kura undermouth" (C. cyri) TepcKHH n. "Tera undermouth" (C. oxyrhynchum) - 96 - noftxdfl 1, approach: 2. run (of salmon); 3. migration (upstream) noffiHp&rejiB aepHHH n. black swallower (a deep-sea fish) ( niger) n03a#H behind, abaft (of a ship) n03B0HdaHbie Vertebrata, vertebrates (a Subphylum of chordates) n03flHeJieAHHKdBbTH late-glacial

IIOHM4 flood-plain noKas^TeJIB 1. index, value, statistic; 2. property, characteristic dHOJiornaecKHe noKa3dTejiH vital statistics, biological characteristics (e.g. rate of growth, mortality rate, fecundity, etc.) noKa3&TeJlH KpOBH characteristics of the cpe#HHH n. mean value noicaTHHOK, noKaTHHK, noK&THaa (pfeida) downstream-migrant (fish) noKdn 1. rest? 2. aestivation (= JieTHaa cn&aKa); 3. hibernation (= 3HMHaa cn&aKa or 3HMdBKa) odMeH noKda resting metabolism, basal metabolism noKOJieHHe brood, year-class, generation Mdmjioe (or ypoffiMHoe) n. strong or dominant year-class ndJie 1. field, meadow; 2. area, field (of study); 3. zone, field, region (of a map or diagram) n. CKJiepHTOB zone of circuli (or sclerites) on a fish scale nojie'BKa vole nojieBbfe HCCJieflOBaHHH field work, field studies noJl3yH "polzun" (Anabas) n0Jl0B03p6jl0CTB (sexual) maturity noJiOffieHHe 1 . position; 2. postulate noJlOffiHTeJiBHHH 1. positive; 2. favourable, beneficial, useful - 97 -

IlOJIOcd 1. stripe, bar, band; 2. period (of time) nonepeaKbie noitocbi 1 . transverse stripes; 2. vertical bars (bn a fish); 3. parr marks (on young salmonids) IIOJIOCcIthk rorqual; (pi.) Balaenopteridae (see also KHt) doJlBnoH n. blue whale (Balaenoptera musculus) HBace'BHH n. sei whale (B. borealis) MaJIblH n. Minke whale (B. acutorostrata) OCTpOMdpzikiH n. Minke whale canflaHOH n. sei whale ceJiBflaHOH n. fin whale (B. physalus) chhhh n. blue whale ndjiocTB hole, cavity, chamber ffiidepHaa n. gill chamber n. T&Jia body cavity, coelom

IIOJIOTHd 1 . linen; 2. webbing (used to make a net) noJioaKOBii.zjHaa (koctb) interhyal (bone) noJiyKp^ffiHbiH KandJl semicircular canal noJiyMe'caiJ-pbida 1. (Am.) Atlantic moonfish (Vomer setapinnis); 2. (Am.) lookdown ( vomer) noJiyHifffiHHH subterminal nOJiypblJI half-beak (Hemirhamphus, Hyporhamphus) noJiyaHTB TeaB to spring a leak nojrymHHK Isoetes (an aquatic pteridophyte) nOJIblHB wormwood (Artemisia) noJlblHBH open leads in the ice of a river noJlitpHblH arctic (usually a better English translation than "polar") noMdpHHK skua, jaeger doJIBHIOH n. (Eur.) great skua, (Am.) skua (Stercorarius skua) flJlHHOXBdcTNH n. (Eur.) long-tailed skua, (Am.) long-tailed jaeger (Stercorarius longicaudus) KopOTKOXBdcTHH n. (Eur.) arctic skua, (Am.) parasitic jaeger (S. parasiticus) cpeflHHH n. (Eur.) pomarine skua, (Am.) pomarine jaeger (S. pomarinus) - 98 -

noMOxa haze, mist

nOMn&HO 1. (Am.) pompano (Trachinotus carolinus); 2. (Aust.) dart (Trachinotus spp.)

noMopHHX03 pomphorhynchosis--infestation by the acantho- cephalan Pomphorhynchus

nonepe'aHbiH transverse n. pa3p^3 cross-section

nonOJIHeHHe 1. recruitment, fish joining an exploited stock for the first time; 2. supplement; 3. reinforcements

HOpdrH rapids, cascades, cataract

nopOHOT (Am.) butterfish (Poronotus triacanthus) noppoii;eK03 porrocaecosis--infestation by the nematode Porrocaecum nopTHK a small port nopyaeHHHK marsh sandpiper (Tringa stagnatilis) rropDJfdHHHH HepecT intermittent spawning ndpujia group, batch [not part (of an organism)]

nocJieJie#HHK6BbiH postglacial

nocToaHHHH constant, steady n-Haa npo;j$KD#a sustained yield n-HHH npoijeHT constant percentage noTepa loss (death)

nOTdMCTBO progeny nOTpedJieHHe 1. utilization, consumption; 2. demand, requirement n. KHCJiopdfla oxygen uptake, oxygen requirement n. nlimH food consumed, food requirement

noaeaHHH kidney (adj.), nephritic

ndac 1. region, zone; 2. belt, girdle a$OTHaecKHH n. aphotic zone - 99 - ndnc (cont'd) dpKMHOH n. • pelvic girdle rpyflHOH n. pectoral girdle, shoulder girdle njieaeBOH n. (= rpyflHOH n.) cnacdTejiBHbiH n. lifebuoy np^BHJIBHblH 1. correct, right; 2. adequate, satisfactory np&BHJIBHaa Tedpna the right theory, a satisfactory theory npcJKTHKa practice, experience npeflrJia3HHaHaa (koctb) , preorbital (bone) npeflKpeneaHaa (koctb) preopercular (bone)., preop.er.cle npeflJIHaHHKa prolarva, yolk-sac larva, yolk fry, fry--young fish from time of hatching to the time absorption of the yolk is complete. The first two terms are applied mainly to marine fishes, while fry is most used for freshwater ones. npeflnoaHT-deMbiH preferred, favoured n-Maa TeMnepar^pa preferred temperature, selected temperature npefl^CTBe region of a lake or sea lying just off the mouth or estuary of a river, pro-estuarine region npefl^CTBeBbiH pro-estuarine npecMbudnomeeca reptile npnanyjlH^H Priapulida (a small Phylum of marine worm-like animals) npndoH breakers, surf npHdp^ffiHbiH alongshore, coastal npHBdn portion of a seine between the bag or pocket VMOTHjO and the wing (KpfeUIBH) npHBHKdHHe familiarization, acclimation, conditioning npnr^H mudskipper (Periophthalmus) npHfl^TOK 1. caecum (pi. caeca); 2. appendix (any kind) nHjiopnaecKHe npnfldTKH pyloric caeca npHfldHHHH demersal, benthopelagic (living close to but not actually on the bottom) npHKOCHOBeHHe tangency, contact npHJlHB high tide npHJIHndjIO shark sucker, remora (genera Echeneis, Remora) - 100 - npHJIHnaJI00dpd3Hbie remoras (Order Echeneiformes or Discocephali) npHJldB useless or rare fish taken along with those of commercial value npHMaHKa bait, lure npHHDjniHaJIBHblH pertaining to the heart of a matter (not principal) npHHHjnradjiBHoM p43HHDbi TyT HeT there is no difference in principle npnpdcT growth, gain, increment (in weight or length) npncdcKa 1. sucker (of leeches, trematodes, etc.); 2. sucking disc (of lumpfish, etc.) dpromHaa n. ventral sucker, acetabulum nepeflHaa n. oral sucker npHcnocodjieHHe 1. acclimation (physiological response of an individual to a change in environmental conditions); 2. adaptation (an hereditary characteristic of a species that favours its survival in a given locality or habitat); 3. adaptation (the process of acclimation, or of acclimatization--see aKKJlHMaTH3dllHa 2.) npHTOK tributary, affluent npOBdJl subsidence (geol.) npofleJIB^HH dolphin of the genus Stenella noJlocdTHH n. blue-white dolphin (S. caeruleo-albis) npofldjlBHHH longitudinal npofl^KljHH 1. production (sense of Ivlev); 2. yield, catch MaKCHMaJiBHaa nocTOiiHHaa n. maximum sustained yield npoH3BOflHTeJlB spawner, adult fish (of either sex); (pi.) brood stock

npoH3Bo,a;HTeJiBHOCTB productivity npoKJid,HKa plotting (a course) npoKJidflbiBaTB, npoJioffiHTB to plot a course npOMblCJldBbiH 1. commercial (pertaining to any industry); 2. (less often) industrial -101 -

npoHOC estuary

nponapHHa open lead in the ice, with vapour rising from it npdnycK escapement (of salmon past a fishery, or counting fence)

npopaH estuary npope^HBaTB, npop63arB to erupt (of teeth) npocTap hold (of a ship) npocTenmee protozoan; (pi.) Protozoa npoTeoii;e$aJie3 proteocephalosis--infestation by the tapeworm Proteocephalus npoTHBonoJidffiHHH opposed

I. npoTHBopeaHBHH opposed, reciprocal npOTdK side channel (of a river)--main channel = pycJIO npoxoflHcla pbida diadromous fish (anadromous or catadromous) npoijecc 1. process, operation; 2. the time at or during which something takes place n. BbDKHBaHHH JiHaHHOK the course of survival of the larvae n. Haaauia racTpyJiaujiH the time gastrulation begins npyflOBHK (pond) snail npyflOBOH pond (adj.) n-Bde X03j4hcte0 pond fish establishment, fishery (for rearing carp, etc.) npbir^H jumper HJIHCTHH n.- mud skipper (Periophthalmus)

nceBflo- pseudo- nyroJiOBKa "pugolovka"--a goby (Bentophilus)

nysaHOK shad (Black Sea and Caspian region; see also ceJibflB, 2.) arpaxaHCKHH n. "Agrakhan shad" (Alosa sphaerocephala) ... a3dBCKHH n. "Azov shad" (A. caspia tanaica) -102-

acTpadaflCKHH n. "Astrabad shad" (A. caspia knipowitschi) doJIBHierJI&3HH n. "big-eyed shad" (A. saposhnikovi) flyH&McKHH n. "Danube shad" (A. caspia nordmanni) HJlBMeHHbiM n. "Caspian shad" (A. caspia caspia) KacnHHCKHH n. "Caspian shad" (A. caspia caspia) KpyrJioroJiOBbiH n. "Agrakhan shad" (A. sphaerocephala) * naJieocTOMCKHH n. "palaeostome shad" (A. caspia palaeostomi) ceBepoBOCTdaHHH n. "northeastern shad" (A. caspia salina) ceBepoKacnHHCKHH n. "Caspian shad" (A. caspia caspia) cpeAHeKacnHHCKHH n. "Caspian shad" (A. caspia caspia) 9H3eJlHMcKHH n. "Persian shad" (A. caspia persica) ny3bipe*K 1. (small) bubble; 2. vesicle ceMeHHblH n. seminal vesicle ny3bipa4TKa bladderwort (Utricularia spp.) ny3bipB 1. bubble; 2. bladder; 3. blow hole, air hole B03flynHbiH n. air bladder (of Fucus and other ) ffieJiaHHH n. gall bladder nJl&BaTeJlBHHH n. swim bladder, air bladder (of fish) nyccyjiH (= aepHHH aMyp) nyTaccy a gadid fish (Micromesistius) nyTHHa fishing season iiyTB CK^ra (seaward) migration route nyaKOffiddepHbie fishes of the Order Syngnathiformes nyoiHIJ;a cotton grass (Eriophorum)

IffiDKHK aJieyTCKHH n. "Aleutian murrelet" (Ptychoramphus aleuticus) ne'CTpii! n. marbled murrelet (Brachyramphus marmoratus) cepKH n. Kittlitz murrelet (B. brevirostris) ilblffiBiiH "pizhyan"--a whitefish (Coregonus lavaretus pidsqhian) T&Ulhu£, pollen nBjfeaa 6oJi63Bh staggers--a disease of salmonids, caused by the fungus Ichthyophonus hoferi naTHJieTKa 1. a fish (etc.). in its 5th year of life (age 4+); 2. five-year plan naTH^CTHH mottled, speckled, spotted - 103 -

P paBHOHdrHH (paK) sowbug, isopod; (pi.) Isopoda (an Order of crustaceans) pa3Befl^HHe 1. culture, rearing; 2. dilution (= pa3daBJieHHe) HCK^CTBeHHoe p. artificial culture, artificial propagation pa3BeflKa exploratory fishing

paSBeTBJieHHHH branched pa3JIHB overflow pa3Mep size

pa3MH0ffieHHe reproduction pa3H0BH#H0CTB or pi3H0C'TB mutant, freak pa3HHH- •• d ifCerent1v various, certain npH pasHHX ycJldBHH under certain conditions paiidep reamer

paK 1. crayfish; 2. any doJldTHHH p. swamp crayfish(?) BecJiOHorHH p. copepod? (pi.) Copepoda (a Subclass of crustaceans) peaHOH paK 1. (Eur.) (freshwater) crayfish (Astacus fluviatilis) 2. any Astaeus or Cambarus paK-OTflidEBHHK hermit crab

paKOBHflHbie Conchifera (a Subphylum of molluscs, including clams and snails)

paKoe# crustacean-eater paKOodp&3HHH crustacean; (pi.) Crustacea (a Class of arthropods) Bb'icniHe paKOodpa3Hbie Malacostraca HH3ii£He paKoodpd3HHe Entomostraca p^KyiKKa or paic^niKa 1. mussel (Mytilus); 2. any marine clam, or even snail ffiecTKaa p. quahaug, cherrystone clam (Venus mercenaria) MjirKaa p. soft-shell clam (Mya arenaria) 1Q4 - pica (nan-geographical) race: "an hereditarily distinct form, not separated geographically from the type species" (CFUSSR) pacnopKa stanchion paccJlOfleMHH stratified (math.) paccM^TpHBaeMbTH what is under consideration p-Maa npodJieMa the problem in question pacT6HH6 vegetation, plants BHCInee p. higher plants COC^AHCToe p. vascular plants paoxoflHHK Isoetes--an aquatic pteridophyte pacmenodproxne cyprinid fishes of the subfamily Schizothoracinae pa4>H#acKapHfl03 rhaphidascaridosis--disease of freshwater fishes caused by the nematode Rhaphidascaris acus paaKa (dim. of paK) small crustacean, entomostracan pflecT pondweed (Potamogeton) pedpd rib pedpoBepxnee (koctb) epipleural (bone) pe3HCTeHTH0CTB resistance (see also conpoTHBJuieMOCTB) peMfl roadstead, anchorage peMHeayd dolphin of the genus Mesoplodon aTJiaHTiraecKHH p. Sowerby's dolphin (M. bidens) KOMaHfldpcKHM p. Stejneger's beaked whale (M. stejnegeri) peo<|>HJlBHblH rheophilic pecHiiaKa cilium pecHHaHHH (aepBB) turbellarian, free-living trematode; (pi.) Turbellaria (a Class of flatworms) pein^TKa 1. lattice; 2. cage (of an elevator); 3. moveable box or tank (of a fish-lift) - 105

pffiaHKa golden plover (Charadrius) aMepHK^HCKaa dypoKpbUiaa p. American golden plover (C. dominicus dominicus) 30JI0THCTaa p. (Eur.) golden plover (C. apricarius) CHdnpcKaa dypoKp&LJiaa p. Asiatic golden plover (C. d. fulvus) pHnyc "ripus"--a cisco from Lake Ladoga ( ladogensis) pn^OBbie fishes of the family Pomacentridae podaJIO (Am.) snook (Centropomus undecimalis) pordTKa 1. (= aeTbrpexporaa p.); 2. any Myoxocephalus C^BepHaa p. shorthorn sculpin, father lasher, sea scorpion (Si. scorpius) aeTHTexporatf p. fourhorn sculpin, four-spined sculpin (M. quadricornis) pord3 cat-tail (Typha) por03yd barramunda, Australian lungfish (Neoceratodus forsteri) poroJlHCTHHK coontail grass--a freshwater plant (Ceratophyilum demersum) poA genus (biology) poflHTeJlB parent poftHHK spring brook poffidK 1. antenna, feeler (of insects); 2. small horn pOMd 1. turbot (Rhombus maximus); 2. any Bothiidae doJIBHIOH p. (Eur.) turbot (R. maximus) rJI^ZJKHH p. (Eur.) brill (R. laevis = rhombus) pOT (gen. pra) mouth BepXHHH p. superior mouth KOHeaHblH p. terminal mouth HHffiHHH p. inferior mouth noJiyHHffiHHH p. subterminal mouth pOTaH "rotan"--an eleotrid fish of east Asia (Perccottus glehni) - 106 - poyJIBC roller, fairlead pdxJia (cKar) guitarfish (Rhinobatis granulatus) pyKonepbie angler fishes (family Lophiidae) pyKOHTKa 1 . handle; 2. shaft (of vomer) pyjieK ceMeHHHKa gubernaculum of the testis pyHHblH 1, in shoals, in large masses; 2. fleece (adj.) p. XOfl mass migration, main run pyHO 1. fleece; 2. shoal (of fish) p^CJlo channel, main channel (of a river--side channel = npoTOK) pyaen brook pyaeMHHK caddis fly; (pi.) Trichoptera pyaBeBOH brook (adj.) p£da fish BblcmHe pbidbl Teleostomi, true fishes (i.e. excluding elasmobranchs and lampreys) Kp^nHbie pddbi coarse fish naanKpHbiaa p. armoured fish, placoderm; (pi.) Placodermi peda-dddoaKa butterfly fish (Chaetodontidae; Pantodontidae) p6da-B0payHa (Afr.) perche de mer (Pristipoma spp.) p&da JldllMaH pilotfish (Naucrates ductor) p&da-nHK (Am.) spadefish (Chaetodipterus spp.) p&da-cj?OH&pB lanternflsh (Myctophum spp.) pudauiKa fishing site (for shore seining) [= TOHH, 1.] pEid&J "vimba" (Vimba vimba) KacnHHCKHH p. "Caspian vimba" (V. v. persa) aepHOMopcKO-a36BCKHH p. "Azov vimba" (V. v. carinata) p,ldeiHKa small fish, "minnow" - 107 - ps&dKa (dim. of p&ida) ffiHBOpofl&Hjie pbfa)KH small viviparous fishes, especially poeciliids (mosquitofish, mollies, etc.) 30JlOT&a p. goldfish (Carassius auratus) pfcidoBdfl fish culturist, fishery manager pfoidoBdflHHH pertaining to fish culture or management peidoBdflCTBO fish culture and/or fish management pbldoefl fish-eater pbldoJldB angler, (sport) fisherman pHdonHTOMHHK fish hatchery ptidoxofl fishway, fish pass, fish ladder pid0X03)4HCTBeHHHH (adj.) fishery, fisheries (commercial) pad0X03j4HCTB0 (commercial) fishing, the fishing industry p&d-cadeJI (Am.) cutlassfish (Trichiurus spp.) p6dBH BOHIB fish louse; (pi.) Branchiura--a group of ectoparasites related to the (Crustacea) pijbio snout, pre-orbital region of the pKJffia trap net, fyke net (a net with short wings and no centre lead, used in Kara Bay) padaHK "5-spotted wrasse" (Crenilabrus quinquemaculatus) padB ripple (on the surface of the water) pjfcymKa (Am.) cisco, (Eng., Scot.) vendace, (Ireland) (fishes of the subgenus Leucichthys of the genus Coregonus) dajiTHHCKaa p. (= eBponencKaa p.) deji03epcKaa p. "Lake Beloe cisco" (C. albula vessicus) deJIOMdpcKaa p. "White Sea cisco" (C. albula maris-albi) eBponeHCKaa p. vendace, "European cisco" (Ger., kleine Marane), (C. albula) 03§pHaa p. (Am.) cisco, lake herring (C. artedii) CHdlipcKaa p. "Siberian cisco" (C. sardinella) TbTMCKaa MaJIopOTaa p. "Tym pond smelt" (Hypomesus olidus bergi) pHCKa duckweed (Lemna)

- 109 -

c

cadJIH-pada 1. (Am.) Atlantic cutlassfish, hairtail (Trichiurus lepturus); 2. (N.Z.) frostfish (Lepidopus caudatus)

caBKa white-headed duck (Oxyura leucocephala)

caflOK 1. (fish) pond, tank; 2. pot (of a pound net or fyke net); 3. trap (of a weir) ca3diH (wild) carp (Cyprinus carpio) (pond carp = Kapn) aM^pcKHH c. "eastern carp" (C. c. haematopterus) flaJIBHeBOCTOaHHH C. (= aM^pCKHH c.) e&Hfla (Eur.) coalfish, saithe, greencod, (N. Am.) pollock (Gadus virens)

caHKa arctic cod, polar cod (Boreogadus saida)

canpa Pacific saury (Cololabis saira)

caJlaKa Baltic herring (Clupea harengus membras)

caJiaMeH^pa salamander C. odbUCHOBeHHaa common salamander (Salamandra salamandra) C. ae'pHaa black salamander (S. atra) cajiaHKc (= Jiannd-pbida) caJiaHKCOBbie Salangidae--a family of east-Asian anadromous fishes allied to smelts caJl^T salad MopcKOH c. sea lettuce--an alga (Ulva spp.) caM0H3peffiHBaHHe "self-thinning" (a term used in forestry to describe the dying-off of surplus seedlings and young trees in a dense stand; applied by Nikolsky to certain fish populations caHrBHHHK0Jie3 (or -03) sanguinicoliasis (a fish disease caused by a distome trematode inhabiting the blood stream) capr (Afr.) sargo (Sargus rondeletti) caprdH (Eur.) garfish, gar-pike (Belone belone) THXOOKedHCKHH c. Pacific garfish (B. anastomella) aepHOMdpcKHH c. Black Sea garfish (B. b. euxini) - no - capraHOEbie needlefishes (family Belonidae) capraH00dp&3Hbie an Order of fishes-- or Synentogna-thi capfleJIB Black Sea sprat (Clupea sprattus phalericus) capflHHa sardine (species of Sardina, Sardinella, , etc.) aTJiaHTHaecKaa c. (= capflHHKa) flajiBHeBocToaHaa c. (= THXooKe&HCKaa c.) cpe,Zi;H3eMHOM6pcKaa C. Mediterranean sardine (Sardina pilchardus) THXOOKedHCKaa C. Pacific sardine, ivasi (Sardina melanosticta) capflHHKa (Eur.) pilchard, sardine (Sardina pilchardus) capKOflOBbie Sarcodina (a Class of Protozoa) caadK lift net BOflHHOH' C. dip net

CBaHKa marlin spike CBaJl 1. drop-off, slope (a place where depth increases rapidly, or where the bottom relief varies); 2. drift, boulder clay

CBaJIHBaTBca to come alongside

CBeffiaK strong breeze, fresh breeze CBepJlAnee paKOodpd3Hoe gribble, boring crustacean (Limnoria, etc.)

CBeT 1. light; 2. world HOBHH C. New World CTapblH C Old World

CBeTJIiiK firefly CBHHKa (dim. of CBHHBH) MOpcKda c. guinea-pig

CBHHBa pig, sow . deJiOKpdnaa MopcK^a c. Dall porpoise (Phocaenoides dalli) decnepaa MopcKda c. black finless porpoise (Neomens phocaenoides) ...... _ MopcKda c. harbour porpoise (Phocaena phocaena) - Ill -

CBHCTyJlBKa cornetfish, trumpetfish, flute-mouth (Fistularia spp.)

CBHa3B (old-world) widgeon (Anas penelope) aMepHK^HCKHH c. American widgeon, baldpate (A. americana) CBOpaaHBaTB, cbopothtb to haul to (of a ship) crJiaffiHBaHHe smoothing (math.) ceBpAra sevriuga, stellate sturgeon (Acipenser stellatus) ceroJieTOK fingerling, underyearling, juvenile--fish larger than fry (larvae), but not yet 1 year old; (pi.) young of the year ceflJIHllEKa ephippium (pi. ephippia) (egg pouch of Cladocera) ceHB^Jl sei whale (Balaenoptera borealis) cefaep seine boat, seiner ceHm seiche BH^TpeHHHH c. temperature seiche, internal seiche ceK&a mature male fur seal (Callorhinus ursinus) ceJieflKa, ceJiefloaKa (diminutives of ceJiBflB, herring) 1. certain forms of whitefish or ciscoes (Coregonus); 2. (= aedaadK) ceJlB flowing mud ceJIBfleBbie , fish of the herring family ceJIB,Z];eodpa3Hbie herring-like fishes--Order or Isospondyli ceJIBflB 1. herring, sea herring (Clupea harengus) (= OKeaHHaecKaa c.) aTJiaHTHaecKaa c. (C. h. harengus) dajITHHCKaa C. Baltic herring (C. h. membras) deJIOMdpcKaa c. White Sea herring (C. pallasi maris-albi) #aJIBHeBOCT6aHaa c. Pacific herring (C. pallasi) eropBeBCKaa c. small-sized White Sea herring (C. p. maris-albi) ffiynaHOBCKaa c. large-sized Kamchatka herring (C. pallasi) - 112 - ceJIBflB 1. (cont'd) HBaHOBCKaa c. large-sized White Sea herring (C. p. maris-albi) KaHHHCKo-neaopcKaa c. (= noJiipHaa c.) noJIitpHaa C. "arctic herring" (C. pallasi suworowi) HHTHHCTaa C. "spotted herring" (Clupanodon punctatus) THXOOKedHCKaa c. Pacific herring (C. pallasi) •qe*meKo-neadpcKaa c. (= nojiiipHaa c.) aomcKaa o. (= noji&pHaa c.) cejlBflB 2. shad (especially certain of the species of the Caspian and Black Sea regions which are sometimes put in the genus Caspialosa; see also ny3aH0K and aepHOcnHHKa) arpaxaHCKaa c. "agrakhanka" (Alosa brashnikovi agrachanica) a3dBCKaa (Mopcraia) c. "Kerch shad" (A. brashnikovi maeotica) aCTpaxiHCKaa c. "Astrakhan shad" (A. brashnikovi grimmi) deJIorOJlOBaa c. "Astrakhan shad" (A. brashnikovi grimmi) d0JlBmerJia3aa c, "bigeye shad" (A. brashnikovi autumnalis) BpaffiHHKOBCKaa c. "dolginka" (A. brashnikovi brashnikovi) BdJlffiCKaa c. "Volga shad" (A. volgensis) BOCTdaHaa c. "eastern shad" (A. brashnikovi orientalis) racaHKyJIHHCKaa c. "gasankulinka" (A. brashnikovi kisselevitschi) flOJirHHOKaa c. "dolginka" (A. brashnikovi brashnikovi) KepaeHCKaa C. "Black Sea shad" (A. kessleri pontica) KpaCHDBQflCKaa c. "redwater shad" (A. brashnikovi nirchi) npoxOflH&H c. shad (Alosa finta, A. alosa) capHHCKaa o. "sarinka" (A. brashnikovi sarensis) *iepHOMdpcKaa c. "Black Sea shad" (A. kessleri pontica) ceJiBflB 3. cisco, freshwater herring (subgenus Leucichthys of Coregonus--see also pjinyiEKa) 03epHaa 0. (Am.) cisco, lake herring (Coregonus artedii) OOCBHHCKaa c. "tugun" (C. tugun) ceJiBflB-aepHoenHHKa (see aepHOcnHHKa) ceJIBflflHOH KopdJiB oarfish, ribbonfish (Regalecus glesne) ceM. abbreviation of ceMeilCTBO, family ceMra Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar; see also JlocdcB) KaMa^TCKaa c. "Kamchatka trout" (Salmo penshinensis) ce'Mra-KHpBHK 1. large-sized winter-run Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar); 2. a Coregonus oeMeHHHK testis - 113 - ceMH.ZjblpKa lamprey cenapaujia dunnage cenna sepia (the dye; not the cuttlefish) cepzmeBHflKa cockle--a bivalve mollusc (Cardium) cepedpHCTHH 1. silvery; 2. (of salmon) = cmojit cepedpAaKa 1. (= cmojit); 2. (less often) a large salmon with silvery ocean colouring; 3. argentine (Argentina silus, A. sialis) cepnoKJHOB "sicklebill" (Ibidorhyncha struthersi) ceppaHOBbie sea basses, Serranidae cepyilKa "serushka"--a form of roach (Rutilus rutilus fluviatilis) ceTKa 1. net, grid; 2. cage (of an elevator): 3. movable box or tank (of a fish-lift) C KHHajieBa Kinalev net--a rectangular dip net with metal webbing ceTKa-BepxonjiaBKa floating gill-net ceTHOH net (adj.) C nJiaHKTOH net plankton ceTOaKa BOflaHda water-net (Hydrodictyon reticulatum)--an alga ceTB 1. net (in general); 2. [= ffi&depaaa C.] gill-net; 3. network, chain (of stores, nets, etc.) flpn^repHaa c. drift net, free gill net MHorocTeHHaa c. trammel net nJl^BHaa c. drift net nJidBHaa peaHda c. river drift net ceTB /QffieflH Juday (plankton) net CTaBHaa c. fixed gill net, bottom gill net TpexcTeHHaa c. trammel net ceTB b BHfle MeniKd bag net ceaKa hemp (of good quality) CHBaniHHK (= dbiadK-TpaBaHHK)

CHBKa TJl^naa c. dotterel (Charadrius morinellus) - 114 -

CHB^a sea-lion (Eumetopias stelleri)

CHr 1. whitefish (any species of Coregonus or Prosopium); 2. whitefish sensu stricto (the species of Coregonus having inferior mouths); 3. (C. oxyrhynchus); 4. , , (Ger. , grosse Marane) (C. lavaretus) aM^pcKHH c. "Amur whitefish" (C. ussuriensis) daMK&JlBCKHH c. "Baikal whitefish" (C. lavaretus baicalensis) BOJixdBCKHH c. "Volkhov whitefish"--found in L. Ladoga (C. 1. baeri) 3odaTHH c. (= BajiaaMKa) KpaffieBOH c. "migratory (C. 1. lavaretoides) KydeHCKHH c, "Lake Kuben whitefish" (C. 1. nelmuschka) MopcKOH c. (Bait,) "sea whitefish", "Baltic whitefish" (C. 1. lavaretus) HeBCKHH c. "sik", European whitefish (C. 1. lavaretus) 03epHHH npoxoAHOH c. "migratory lake whitefish (C. 1. lavaretoides) npOXOflHOH C. (= MOpCKOH C. ) CHdnpcKHH c. "Siberian whitefish" (C. pidschian) yccypHHCKHH c. "Amur whitefish" (C. ussuriensis) ayflCKOH c. "Lake Chud whitefish" (C. 1. maraenoides) cnr BajiaaMKa (see BajiaaMKa) cnr BajieK (see Bajie'K) cnr JiaflOffiCKHH Ladoga whitefish (Coregonus lavaretus baeri) CHr Jiyflora Ludoga whitefish (C. lavaretus ludoga) CHr OCTpOHdCHH (= CHr naCHHCKHH) cnr nacHHCKHH* "Piasina whitefish" (C. pidschian pjasinae) CHr CHdnpcKHH "Siberian whitefish" (C. pidschian) CHr xaflapa "Khadara whitefish" (Coregonus chadary) CHr&pa-pbfea (Am.) round scad, cigarfish (Decopterus punctatus)

CHflaane Sedentaria (a Subclass of polychaete annelids) CH3HrHHHbiH npHJIHB (or OTJIHB) spring tide (as opposed to neap tide) CH30B0p0HKa roller (Coracias garrulus)--a bird 115 -

CHMa masu (salmon) (Oncorhynchus masou)

CHHrHJlB long-finned mullet, golden grey mullet (Mugil auratus)

CHH&J "blue bream" (Abramis ballerus)

CHHBra common scoter (Melanitta nigra) THXOOKedHCKaa C American scoter (M. americana) CHHKMKa grilse (= THHfla) CHnyHKyJlHflH sipunculids, Sipunculoidea (a Class of annelids)

CliTHHK rush (Juneus) CKaiC^H tiger beetle, cicindelid CKaJIOlgydbl puffers (Tetraodontidae) and porcupine fishes (Diodonxidae)

CKan 1. (Am.) scup (Stenotomus chrysops); 2. certain other porgies (Sparidae) CKapOBaa p^ida (colloquial) parrot fish (Scaridae)

CKaT 1. skate, ray; 2. downstream migration (of young salmon, etc.") 3Be3flaaTblS C. (Atl.) thorny skate (Raja radiata) Kp^TJIHH C. (Eur.) sandy ray (Raja fyllae = R. circularis) C^BepHHH 6. "northern skate" (Raja hyperborea) cepblH c. (Eur.) common skate (R. batis) IIIHnOBaTNH 0. (Eur.) thornback ray (R. clavata) 3JieKTpHaecKHH C. electric ray (Torpedo spp. and other Torpedinidae) CKaT-poXJia guitarfish (Rhinobatis spp.) CKaT-XBOCTOKOJI 1. (Eur.) sting ray (Trygon pastinaca); 2. any Dasyatidae (= Trygonidae)

CK^LTHBaTBca to migrate (downstream)

CKHnacTB a kind of trap net with a sloping approach to the pot (see Izvestiia VNIORKh, 14, p. 192) c. flByxKOTJioBaa "skipast" with two pots OKHnflffieK skipjack (tuna) (Katsuwonus pelamis) - 116 -

CK0JlHa3HC "scoliasis"--distortion of the vertebral column

CKona fish hawk, osprey (Pandion haliaeetus)

CKonJieHHe stock, accumulation CKopneHa scorpionfish (Scorpena scrofa); 2. (pi.) scorpion- fishes, rockfishes (family Scorpaenidae) CKopnndH scorpion BOflaHOH c water scorpion--a bug (Nepa cinerea)

CKOcaHBaTBCH (of fish) to form a school (or schools) CKpedeHB thorny-headed worm, acanthocephalan; (pi.) Acantho- cephala (a Phylum of parasitic worms) CKpedoK dredge, grab (for collecting samples of lake bottom)

CKyJI^l bow (of a ship) CKyMdpHeBHflHbie and allies--Suborder Scombroidei CKyMdpHeBbie mackerels and --family Scombridae (however, Berg separates tunas into an Order Thunniformes) CK^MdpHH (Atlantic) mackerel (Scomber scombrus)--see also MaKpejiB aBCTpajirincKaa c (Aust.) slimy mackerel (S. australasicus) BOCTOaHaa c. (Eur.) Spanish mackerel, chub mackerel (S. colias) KajIH$opHHHCKaa C. Pacific mackerel (S. japonicus--formerly separated as S. diego) ny3bTpHbie CK^MdpHH mackerels of the subgenus Pneumatophorus andHCKaa c Pacific mackerel (S. japonicus)

CJiadHHa bight (of a line)

CJien^HB horsefly (Tabanidae)

CJlH3eBbie ndjiocTH mucous cavities

CJlH3eHB slug; (pi.) Limacidae (a family of gastropods) MopcKOH c. sea slug, nudibranch; (pi.) Nudibranchiata (a Suborder of gastropods)

CJlH3HCTaa mucosa (of the uterus, etc.)

CJIH3HCTHH orcJ!H3KHH slimy, slippery, mucous (adj.) - 117 -

CJlH3HaK snail, gastropod; (pi.) Gastropoda (a Class of molluscs) MopcKOH c. snailfish, sea snail, liparid (fish of the genus Liparis) CJIH3B (f.) 1. slime; 2. mucus; 3. mucilage

CJldffiHHH 1. complex; 2. composite, having more than one aspect C-Hoe H3yaeHHe ' comprehensive, or many-sided, investigation CJIOH elephant MopcKOH c. elephant seal (Mirounga sp.) CJiya^HHblH 1. random (math.); (2. accidental, at random

CMapnfla (Eur.) pickarel (Smaris smaris, S. melanurus)

CMapHflOBbie fishes of the family Maenidae CMepTHOCTB mortality, mortality rate (see K03$Hl]#eHT)

CMOJIT smolt: (Atl.) a young salmon that has become silvery just prior to or during seaward migration; (Pac.) any young salmon (1 year old or more) that is migrating to sea, whether or not the silver colour has begun to develop

CMOJlTH<|>HK4i]#a "smoltif ication", the process of change from parr to smolt

CMbiaKa shackle, joint

CHacTB fishing gear

CHeHKa (?CHeHKa) dead carcasses (of fish)--apparently used as a collective noun in the singular

CH^TOK stint, Baltic lake smelt (Osmerus e. eperlanus--forma spirinchus)

CHyK (Am.) snook (Centropomus undecimalis)

CHyJlHH fixed, restrained, dead, motionless (as opposed to free, alive or active)

CH3K (S. Afr.) snoek (Thyrsites atun)

CffiopeBOfl Danish seine, (Dan.) snurrevad COd^Ka dog Mopcicda: c. spiny dogfish, piked dogfish (Squalus acanthias) - 118 -

COdcLKa-pblda 1. puffer, globe-fish, swellfish (Sphaeroides); 2, Pacific wolf-fish (Anarhichas orientalis) coddaKa (dim. of cod^Ka) MopcKda c. 1. (Eur.) common blenny, shanny (Blennius pholis); 2. (pi.) blennies (Blenniidae) MOXoroJiOBaa c. "mossy-head blenny", prickleback; (pi.) Stichaeidae aepHOMdpcKaa c. "sphynx blenny" (Blennius sphynx) aeTbipexrJia3aa MopcK^a c. "four-eyed blenny" (Dialommus fuscus) coBepmeHHopoTbie higher fishes, Teleostomi COBOK^nHblH combined, aggregate (adj.) c. 3<3x|?eKT net effect CoeflHHHTejfflaa (koctb) symplectic (bone)

COJI sole (Solea vulgaris) COJlHeaHaa pbida opah, Jerusalem haddock (Lampris regius) cojiHeaHaa p&idica (= cojiHeaHaa 6KyHB—see 6KyHB)

COJIH^aHHK 1. John dory ( faber); 2. (pi.) Zeidae

COJIOHOB&thh brackish coJiHHcla M&rKa (Artemia) coJuiHKa saltwort, tumbleweed (Salsola)

COM sheatfish, Danube catfish ( glanis) aM^pcKHH c. "Amur catfish" (Parasilurus asotus) HJlBHblH MopcKOH c. (Aust.) cobbler (Chidoglanis macrocephalus) MeuiKOffiddepHHH c. "sack-gill catfish" (Heteropneustes fossilis) MopcKOH c. 1. (Am.) gafftopsail catfish (Bagre marinus); 2. (Am.) sea catfish (Galeichthys felis) KiffiHoaMepHK^HCKHH c. a South American catfish (Tracnycoristes sp.)

COM-KoniKa 1. (Am.) bullhead (the smaller species of Ictalurus), catfish; 2. (Eur.) brown bullhead (Ictalurus nebulosus), the species acclimatized there

COM CoJlflaTOBa Soldatov's catfish (Silurus soldatovi) - 119 - c6mhk small catfish, bullhead aMepHK^HCKHH C. bullhead (Ictalurus nebulosus) BHCOKOrOpHHH C. (= TOpHblH C.) ropHHH c. (Asia) "mountain catfish" (family Sisoridae) KdpJlHKOBHH C. brown bullhead (Ictalurus nebulosus = Ameiurus nebulosus) ndHHfcrpHHH c. "armoured bullhead" (Loricaria stfigilata) TypKecT^HCKHH C. "Turkestan catfish" (Glyptosternum reticulatum)

COMOBHflHbie Siluroidei (a Suborder of catfishes)

COMOBbie (a family of catfishes) Co6dni;ecTBO 1. association, assemblage; 2. community (ecol.) COnpoTHBJiaeMOCTB resistance (according to Fry's definition, an animal's physiological capacity to stave off, for a time, the harmful effects of environmental conditions that will ultimately prove lethal; see also ycTOHaHBOCTB) copora Siberian roach (Rutilus rutilus lacustris) copa flood-plain lakes (of Siberian rivers)

COcaJIBiUHK trematode; (pi.) Trematoda (a Class of flatworms) £HreHeTHaecKHH c. digenetic trematode; (pi.) Digenea (a Subclass of trematodes) MOHoreHeTHaecKHH c. monogenetic trematode; (pi.) (a Subclass of trematodes)

COCOaKa 1. nipple; 2. papilla npedypcaJiHaa c. prebursal papilla (of nematodes)

COCTdB composition B03pacTHHH c. age ,composition c. yJidBOB catch composition

COCTOiiHHe 1. condition, state, status; 2. composition; 3. a combination of the two preceding ideas c. pddHoro 3andca condition of a fish stock coaeTaHHe combination, set (math.) coaJieHOBHaa (koctb) articular (bone)

COHEHHK 1 . ploughshare; 2. vomer cnei]JI^>HKa special character or property (not specification) - 120 -

cnHHa back, dorsum (not spine)

cnHHHOH dorsal, back (not spinal)

cnHHopor 1. (Am.) gray triggerfish (Balistes capriscus); 2. any triggerfish or filefish (family Balistidae)

cnjieceHHBaTB, cnjieceHHTB to splice

cnJieceHB a splice

onopOBHK sporozoan; (pi.) Sporozoa (a Class of protozoans) CJlli3HCTbiH (or CJIH3KHH) c. myxosporidian; (pi.) Myxosporidia

cnOT (Am.) spot (Leiostomus xanthurus) cnpyT octopus (Octopus spp.) cpaBHHMHH' congruent (math.) cpefld 1. environment (in nature); 2. medium (in experiments) BHemHHH c. external environment, ambient medium cpe.zjHerpyflB mesothorax cpe#Heno#bH36iaHaa (koctb) ceratohyal (bone) cpeflHHH* middle, mean, average cpocTHOaeJUOCTHbie fishes of the Order Tetraodontiformes or Plectognathi CTaBHoS, or cTaBHHH fixed (see H^BOfl, JioBymKa, ceTB) CTaBpnfla, CTaBpiiflKa 1. (Eur.) scad, horsemackerel (Trachurus trachurus); 2. (Pac.) jack mackerel (T. symmetricus); 3. (Eur.) cavalla (Caranx sp.); 4. (Am.) jack (Caranx spp.) cpeflH3eMH0MdpcKaa c. Mediterranean scad (Trachurus punctatus) aepHOMdpcKaa c. "Black Sea horsemackerel" T. trachurus ponticus) ct£#o 1. herd (of cattle); 2. stock, population (of fish), including fish of all sizes and availabilities (Maslov-- compare 3an£c; CbipBeB&a d^3a) CTckHHOCTB aggregative behaviour, capacity or propensity for flocking or schooling [from ct£h] - 121 -

CTaHHBIH schooled, aggregated

CTaJIBHOroJIOBbiH JIOcdcB steelhead (anadromous form of rainbow trout--Salmo gairdneri)

CTapHK old man CTcLpHK ancient murrelet (Synthliborhamphus antiquus) XOXJI^THH C. "crested murrelet" (S. wumizusume)

CTapHBia oxbow lake, abandoned river channel CTapoCBeTHHH old-world (adj.)

CTaiCHOHapHBIH 1. stationary, fixed; 2. done at a station

CT^a 1. flock (of birds); 2. shoal, school, group, concentration (of fish); 3. pod (of whales) CTe'deJlB (m. ) stalk, stem XBOCTOBOif c. caudal peduncle (of fish)

CTedeJlBaaTbie stalked echinoderms, Pelmatozoa (a Subphylum of echinodeims, including crinoids, cystids, etc.)

CTeneHHOH exponential (math,)

CTepJlHAB sterlet (Acipenser ruthenus) CTepx white crane (Grus leucogeranus)

CTHJieT stylet

CTHxeeBbie pricklebacks (Stichaeidae)

CTOrpaflycHHH Centigrade (adj.)

CTOK 1. flow; 2, run-off, drainage, discharge; 3. outflow; 4. sewer, drain dHOJlornaecKHH c. "the organic portion of the suspended matter in a river" (Kabanov) TBepz^HH Co the solid or suspended matter in a flow of water

CTOJid^u; or CTdjiden; column (in a table of data) CTpeffi, CTp^ffieHB (peKn) main channel (of a river) CTpeK03a dragonfly; (pi.) Odonata - 122 -

CTpdnKa 1. arrow; 2. arrow-worm (Sagitta--a pelagic animal) CTpeJlOJlAcT arrowhead--an emergent water plant (Sagittaria) CTpeneT little bustard (Otis tetrax) CTpHffi swift--a bird (genus Apus) CTpoicA line (in a table of data) cyflfe 1. any member of the genus Stizostedion (= Lucioperca); 2. , "European pike-perch" (S. lucioperca) rHr&HTCKHii MopcKOH c. (Pac.) black sea bass (Stereolepis gigas) roJiydoS c. (Am.) blue pike, blue walleye (Stizostedion glaucum) flaJIBHeBOCTOaHblH MOpCKoM C (Pac.) sea bass (Lateolabrax japonicus) ffi§JITHH c. (Am.) walleye, yellow pickerel (Stizostedion vitreum) MOpCKoM c. 1. (Eur.) "Caspian, or Black Sea, pike-perch" (Stizostedion marina); 2. (Afr.) sea perch (Epinephelus spp., Serranus spp.); 3. (Am.) grouper (Epinephelus spp., Mycteroperca spp»); 4* (Aust.) cod (Epinephelus spp., Cephalopholis spp., Plectropomus spp.) neca^HNK' c. (Am.) sauger (Stizostedion canadense) HndHCKHff MopcKoM c. sea bass (Lateolabrax japonicus) C^flHO vessel, ship • cyJIT^HKa 1. (Eur.) striped mullet (Mullus barbatus); 2. (pi.) surmullets (= red mullets or goatfishes), Mullidae; 3. purple gallinule (Porphyrio porphyrio); cyxoHOO an asian goose (Cygnopsis cygnoid) cyn^CTBeHHblH 1. important; 2. (less often) essential

C^arHOBblH KOBep sphagnum mat cxB&THBaTB, cxBaTHTB 1. to seize; 2. to sling cn;enJieHHe linkage cnyiBKa. (Pac.) black croaker--a drum (Cheilotrema saturnum) caeTHHH meristic

' > - 123 -

CbipoK peled--a cisco (Coregonus peled)

CbipTB vimba (Vimba vimba) cbipBeB^La 6&38L (see dd3a)

- 125 -

T

Ta3 or TcL3HK 1. coxa (of insects); 2. pelvis (of vertebrates)

Ta30BHH pelvic, coxal

Tae'ffiHbiH taiga (adj.) Tan 1. porgy, tai (Taius tumifrons); 2. (Jap.) red sea bream (Chrysophrys major) KpacHbiH T. (Jap.) crimson sea bream (Evynnis japonica, E. cardinalis)

TaMrd taiga, northern short coniferous forest T^HMeHB 1. taimen (Hucho taimen); 2. (= jiocdcB-TaHMeHB)

Tan^yHHHK gad-fly petrel (or shearwater) (genus Pterodroma) deJlOJlddblH t. white-winged petrel (P. leucoptera)

Taja/raHHTB to tally TapaK^H cockroach; (pi.) Blattidae MopcKOH T. the large isopod Mesidothea entomon TapaKHXH (N.Zj tarakihi (Dactylopagus macropterus) TapdHB "Azov roach", "taran" (Rutilus rutilus heckeli) TapaniKa (a name used on the lower Volga) white bream (Blicca bjoerkna) TapnoH 1. tenpounder (Elops saurus); 2. (= TapnyH) TapnyH tarpon (Megalops atlanticus, M. cyprinoides)

TBHHfleK between decks

TeBaK grey seal (Halichoerus grypus) TeK^maa pb'ida ripe fish (with running eggs or milt) TeK^lUHH rofl current year

TeJiecKdn telescope variety of goldfish

TeM caMbM consequently - 126 -

TeMeHHaa (koctb) parietal (bone)

TeMH front or top of head, sinciput

TeparJlHH (Aust.) teraglin (Zeluco stelodus)

Tepnyr 1. ling cod (Ophiodon elongatus); 2. any greenling (Hexagrammidae) BOCBMHJlHHeHHHK T. Alaska greenling (Hexagrammos octogrammos) OflHonepbiH depHHroBOMdpcKHH t. Atka mackerel, yellowfish (Pleurogrammus monopterygius) oflHonepbiH (anoHOMdpcKHH) t. "Asiatic greenling" (Pleurogrammus azonus) TeTpaK0THJl03 (or -63) tetracotylosis (a fish disease caused by larval trematodes of the genus Tetracotyle)

TeTpapHHK03 tetrarhynchosis--infestation by the tapeworms Tetrarhynchus, Nybelina or related genera

TeiUKa the flesh on the belly of large fishes

THHa pond scum

THHfla grilse, of Atlantic salmon, that spawn in the same year as they enter the river; compare JlHCTOnaj^Ka

THn 1. type; 2. Phylum (zoology)

THpKyillKa pratincole--shore birds of the genus Glareola BOCTdaHaa T. "eastern pratincole" (G. maldivarum) JiyroBaa T. pratincole (G. pratincola) CTenH&a t. black-winged pratincole (G. nordmanni)

THXOXdflKa tardigrade, water bear; (pi.) Tardigrada (a Class of arthropods) TKaHB tissue

TOJmbira (= TOJiCTOJiod)

TOJiCTOJiod or TOJiCTOJiodHK 1 . silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix); 2. certain other large cyprinids of east Asia deJibM or odbiKHOB^HHbiH t. silver carp ne'CTpbiH T. bighead (Aristichthys nobilis)

Tdjima mass, thickness B Tdjnue BOJJBI in open water, pelagic (ally)

TOMKOfl tomcod (Microgadus tomcod) - 127 -

TOHeBHH adj, from TOHH TOHH 1. fishing place (for drag seining); 2. haul [of a seine]

TonJiHK wreck TonopHK or xoxJiaTbiH TonopHK tufted puffin (Lunda cirrhata) TOpdc (ice) hummock TOpocHCTHH Jiefl hummocky ice TpaB^ grass MopcK^a t. eel-grass (Zostera spp.) TpaBHHK redshank (Tringa totanus)

TpaJl trawl napHbiH T. pair-trawl (a trawl hauled by two boats) npHfldHHHH T. bottom trawl pa3HorjrydHHHH t. midwater trawl

TpandajiKa davit TpayJiep trawler, dragger Tperyd "three-tooth" (Opsariichthys uncirostris amurensis) TpecKd 1. (Atl.) cod (Gadus morhua); 2. (pi.) , aTJiaHTHaecKaa t. (G. m. morhua) daJITHHCKaa T. Baltic cod (Gadus morhua callarias) deJioMdpcKaa (ffiHJiia) t. White Sea coastal cod (G. m. maris-albi) BOCTOaHOCHdHpcKaa T. "East Siberian cod" ( borisovi) rpeHJi^H^CKaa apKTHaecKaa t. polar cod (Arctogadus glacialis) rpeHJi&HflcKaa <£>HopflOBaa t. (G. ogac) KHJIAHHCKaa T. Kildin cod (G. m. kildinensis) nOJlApHaa t. arctic cod (Boreogadus saida) npndp^JKHaa t. White Sea coastal cod (Gadus morhua maris-albi) THXOOKedHCKaa t. , grey cod (Gadus macrocephalus) TpecKd BopHCOBH "East Siberian cod" (Arctogadus borisovi) TpecKOBbie cods, fishes of the cod family, Gadidae - 128

TpecK00dp&3Hbie fishes of the Order or Anacanthini TpeTBerdflKa (a fish) in its third year of life (age 2+)

Tpe'XJieTKa a fish in its third year of life (age 2+) [Barach, r p. 238] TpiirJia grey gurnard (Trigla gurnardus)

Tpnrjionc sculpins of the genus Triglops TpneHOop03 triaenophorosis (infestation by the cestode Triaenophorus) TpHOCTpeHHHK arrow-grass (Triglochin) TpnnaH030M03 pad fish sleeping sickness or trypanosomiasis-- caused by the flagellates or Trypanoplasma

TpHTOH newt (Triturus spp.) rpedeHaaTHH t. crested newt (T. cristatus) odblKHOB^HHblH T. common newt (T. vulgare) TpHX0,a;HHHa3HC, TpHX0,Z];HH03 trichodiniasis (a fish disease caused by the ciliate protozoan Trichodina) TpH3HO$opo3 (see TpneHO$opo3) TpocTHHK reed (Phragmites) Tpo^aecKHH K03®hh;h^ht trophic coefficient (ratio of food consumed to the resulting growth of an animal) TpoXHflH Trochidae (a family of snails) Tpacory3Ka wagtail (Motacilla spp.) TyBOflHaa pdda a fish that spends all its life in a river Ty3JiyK brine, liquor (used in salting fish) Tyr$H, TyryHOK tugun--a cisco () TyJiec grey plover, black-bellied plover (Charadrius squatarola) T^JIOBHlne trunk, torso (see flJIHH^ T^JIOBHlna) T^Hflpa tundra - 129 -

TyHeu; 1. bluefin tuna (Thunnus thynnus); 2. tuna (in general) aBCTpaJIHHCKHH T. (Aust.) southern bluefin tuna (T. maccoyi) d0JIBUierJld.3bIH T. bigeye tuna (Parathunnus spp. , Thunnus obesus) TOJiydoH t. bluefin tuna (T. thynnus) AJlHHHOKpdnHH or flJiHHHOnepblH T. albacore (T. alalunga) HceJlTOnepblH T. yellowfin tuna (Neotunnus macropterus) KpacHbTH T. bluefin tuna (T. thynnus) MaKpeJieBblH T. frigate mackerel (Auxis thazard) MaJIblH T. 1. little tuna (Euthunnus alleteratus) ; 2. skipjack (tuna) H0B03eJiaH,Z];cKHH t. (N.Z.) tuna (T. phillipsi) noJiocdTHH T. skipjack tuna (Katsuwonis pelamis) lOHHblH T. (Aust.) southern bluefin tuna (Kishinoella tonggol)

TynHK puffin (Fratercula arctica) £JlHHOKjn6BbiH T. horned puffin (F. corniculata) TynHK-HOCOpor rhinoceros auklet (Cerorhinca monocerata)

TypdeJlJiapHH Turbellaria, free-living flatworms decKHmeaHbie t. Ac oela

TypnaH 1. common or black scoter (Melanitta nigra); 2. any scoter (see also cHHBra) ropdoHOCHH T. surf scoter (M. perspicillata) neCTpOHOCHH T. surf scoter (M. perspicillata) aepHbH T. velvet scoter (M. fusca) TypyXTaH ruff, reeve (Philomachus pugnax) T^ or TyiDKa 1. carcass; 2. body, trunk (of a fish), i.e., excluding the head and fins (see also ftJiHHcSt TyiflKH); 3. any bulky organic object

Tbia&HKa (bot.) stamen mddepHaa t. gill raker

TTOJieHB 1. harbour seal (Phoca vitulina); 2. seal (in general), (pi.) Phocidae deJIodpfoXHH T. monk seal (Monachus sp.) rpeHJI^HflCKHH T. harp seal (Phoca groenlandica) flJlHHHOMdpZftiH t. grey seal (Halichoerus grypus) KacnHHCKHH T. (Phoca caspica) noJlOC^THH T. ribbon seal (Phoca fasciata) ymdcTbiH T. eared seal, sea-lion; (pi.) Otariidae TTOJieHB-KpbDiaTKa (see KpejiaTKa) - 130 --

TlbJlBKa "tiul-ka", "Azov kilka" (Clupeonella dk delicatula) Tropdd turbot (Rhombus maximus) THroBHH (h6bos) drag seine - 131 -

y

yBaJl drift (of a boat) yBaJiHBaTBca to drift yran "eastern redfin"--a cyprinid fish (Leuciscus brandti) yrJIOBia (koctb) angular (bone) yrHeTeHHHH stunted (literally, depressed) ^roJlBHaa pfolda (Pac.) blackcod, (Anoplopoma fimbria) $ropB 1. (Eur.) eel (Anguilla anguilla); 2. (pi.) eels (in general) aMepHK^HCKHH y. American eel (Anguilla rostrata) rJiydoKOBdflHHH y. "deepwater eel" (Histobranchus sp.-- family Synaphobranchidae) eBponeHCKHH y. European eel (Anguilla anguilla) MopcKOH y. conger eel (Conger conger) 0CTp03$"dblH y. (Jap.) sharptoothed eel (Muraenesox cinereus) peaHOH y. (Eur.) (freshwater) eel (Anguilla anguilla) CTeKJLfiHHHH y. "glass eel"--a migratory stage of Anguilla anguilla 3JieKrpHaecKHH y. electric eel (species of the suborder Gymnotoideij HndHCKHH y. Japanese eel (Anguilla japonica) yrpeBH#Hbie eels of the Suborder Anguilloidei yrpeBbie eels, fishes of the eel family, Anguillidae yrpeodpd3Hbie eels--Anguilliformes or Apodes yfl&BKa timber hitch (a knot) [y#dB = boa] yfl^JlBHHH' Bee 1• (percentage) occurrence, representation, share; 2. importance; 3. (phys.) specific gravity yflHJIHllje fishing rod yflrfjIBmHK 1. angler, fisherman; 2. (Eur.) anglerfish (Lophius piscatorius); 3. (Am.) goosefish (L. americanus); 4. other anglerfishes (Lophiomus, Ceratias, Oneirodes, etc.) aSpHblH y. black anglerfish (Cryptosparas) yA^TB to angle, to fish (with a rod) - 132 - yflOfl hoopoe (Upupa epops) yflOHeJlJiHflbi Udonelloidea (a group of flatworms) yeK (= yfec) ym odblKHOB^HHblH, ym BOflaHOH water snake (Natrix natrix) $3eJl knot, bend, hitch decefloaHHH y. bowline doaeaHHH y. barrel knot BbidJieaoaHHH y. clove hitch pbl^OBblH y. square knot, reef knot ihkotobhh y. sheet bend y3K0CTH narrows (in a channel or river) yHK (Pac.) capelin (Mallotus villosus socialis) yKJieM, yKJiea, yKJienKa bleak ( alburnus) yKopoaeHHe addepHbix KpbimeK short gill-covers (a common condition of hatchery.fish) yjiaBJiHBdeMocTB K03$§>HD#eHT y-TH catchability coefficient, catchability (fraction of a stock caught by the action of 1 unit of fishing effort) yjiHT a3HdTCKHM neneJlBHbiH y. "Asiatic tattler" (Tringa incana brevipes) aMepHK&HCKHH neneJlBHbiH y. wandering tattler (T. i. incana) doJiBiuoM y. greenshank (T. nebularia) OXOTCKHH y. Sakhalin sandpiper (T. guttifer) yjlHTKa 1. snail, gastropod, (pi.) Gastropoda; 2. cochlea (part of the inner ear); 3. helix ffiddepHaa y. gilled snail; (pi.) members of the gastropod Order Prosobranchiata, plus some Opisthobranchiata MopcK&a y. 1. periwinkle (Littorina spp.);. 2. any sea snail yjldB catch, take y. Ha eflHHHuy npoMHCJidBoro ycHJiHH catch per unit of (fishing) effort npOMHCJldBbie yJldBbl commercial catches, landings - 133 -

(yMdpHHa a drum (Umbrina cirrhosa)

yMepeHHbiH moderate HedojiBHiOH hjih y. light or moderate ^$Mdpa "European mudminnow" (Umbra krameri) yniiTaHHOCTB "condition" (a measure of the fatness and fullness of a fish) K03®HDjie'HT ynrfTaHHOCTH coefficient of condition, condition factor K. y. no KjiapKy Clark's condition factor K. y. no $yjiBTOHy Fulton's condition factor: W(g)/L (cm) ynop^flaaeHHbiH 1. ordered, in order; 2. regulated ypaBHeHHa equation, expression ypaBHHBaTB 1. to equate (math.); 2. to smooth, to level; 3. to equalize ype3 cable, warp (for towing a net) $poBeHB BOCCTaHOBJl^HHH replacement level (of a fish stock) ypdflCTBO (congenital) malformation, birthmark ypoHtan crop, yield ypOJKdiiHHH productive, abundant y-Hoe noKOJieHHe abundant brood, strong year-class ypocTHJlB urostyle ypyMe round herring (Etrumeus micropus) ypyTB water milfoil (Myriophyllum) yc 1. whisker; 2. antenna (of insects) KHTdBblH yc baleen, whalebone ycda barbel (Barbus barbus) apdjIBCKHH y. "Aral barbel" (B. brachycephalus) TOKaHHCKHH y. "Sevan barbel" (B. goktschaicus) flHenpoBCKHH y. "Dnepr barbel" (B. barbus borysthenicus) KacnHHCKHH y. "Caspian barbel" (B. brachycephalus caspius) KypHHCKHH y. "Kura barbel" (B. lacerta cyri) ceB^HCKHH y. "Sevan barbel" (B. goktschaicus) 134 - ycda-MHpoH barbel (B. barbus) ycaa-aanapn or ycaa dyjiaT-Man "Chanari barbel" (Barbus capito) ycBoe'HHe assimilation yceaeHHHK truncate, sawed-off $CHK .1. antenna, palp (of an arthropod); 2. barbel (of a fish) nofldopdfloaHHH y. chin barbel yCHJlHe 1. effort; 2. strength npoMHCJidBoe y. (commercial) fishing effort ycKya (= JieHOK) ycJidBHe 1.'condition, specification; 2. proviso, condition y. cpeflbi, OKpymdroiii^e y-BHH environmental (or ambient) conditions yCJldBHO 1. conditionally; 2. temporarily, for purpose of orientation; 3. arbitrarily; 4. approximately ycJldBHbEH 1. conditioned; 2. conditional; 3. (something) granted for the sake of argument; 4. (a definition or proposition) used in the manner suggested by another person, but without necessarily approving this usage y. noKa3ci/reJiB conditional index, conditional statistic (giving the numerical magnitude of a phenomenon provided certain conditions are met) y. pe§Jl6KG conditioned reflex y-Haa n$c£pa trial value (in solving equations) ycoHdrHH (paK) barnacle; (pi.) Cirripedia (an Order of crustaceans) yccypHHCKaa KOC&TKa "Ussuri catfish" (Liocassis ussuriensis) yCTdiiaHBOCTB tolerance (according to Fry's definition, an animal's physiological capacity to adapt to unfavourable environmental conditions well enough to withstand them indefinitely; see also conpOTHBJuieMOCTB) ycTdnaHBbiH stable, steady $CTBe mouth (of a river), estuary ^CTBeBHH' estuarine - 135 -

y'TKa duck KpaKOBaa y. mallard (Anas platyrhyncha) KpdcHaa y. ruddy shelduck (Casarca ferruginea) cdpaa y. gadwall (Anas strepera) yToaKa (dim. of ^TKa) MOpcK^a y. goose barnacle (Lepas spp.) yaAcTOK part, region, sector

- 137 -

^aroi^HTapHHH phagocytic

$aKTOpna trading post, factory

<|aJieHB, <$aJlHHB painter (of boats) $apBaTepa channel (usually for navigation)

<|axaK 1. any puffer (Tetraodontidae) or porcupinefish (Ddodontidae); 2. (Am.) northern puffer, swellfish (Sphaeroides maculatus)

§&UjXfL life zone, facies

$Hepac$ep a fish of the genus Fierasfer, or related genera

®KJl6 fillet $HJI0MeTp03 philometrosis--a fish disease caused by the nematode Philometra <£HJiapHOMHD;ec filariomyxosis--a fungus diseas.e of the gills in pike §>HHBaJl finback whale, fin whale (Balaenoptera physalus)

$HHHK date MopcKOH <£>. date mussel (Lithofagus)

<|>HHTa twaite shad (Alosa finta or A. fallax)

<£>H(£>H or $H$HlDKa wood sandpiper (Tringa glareola)

<§JiaMHHro (Eurasian) flamingo (Phoenicopterus roseus) <|Jiyopecii;eH]^Ha fluorescent disease, a fish disease caused by Pseudomonas fluorescens

$OH background <$OHT^LH spouting (of whales) $0peJie6KyHB largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) $ope\jIB trout (in general) roaKHCKaa <$. Sevan trout (Salmo ischchan) MOpcKda <£>. (Eur.) sea trout (anadromous Salmo trutta) - 138 -

^ope'jlB (cont'd) 03epHaa §. (Eur.) lake trout (Salmo trutta - lacustris) p^flyHHaa $. rainbow trout (S. gairdneri) pyaBeB^a §. 1. (Eur.) brook trout (S. trutta - fario); 2. (Am.) brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) ceB^HCKaa §. Sevan trout (Salmo ischchan) CTaJlBHOroJIOBbiH (£>. steelhead trout (anadromous form of S. gairdneri) $peraT frigate-bird (Fregata) doJlBlttOH §>. Pacific frigate bird (F. minor)

(SpHraHHfl phryganeid, a caddis fly of the family Phryganeidae ypyHE

(pyTHTOK gauge - 139 -

X xaMcd (Black Sea region) anchovy a3dBCKaa X. Azov anchovy (Engraulis encrasicholus maeoticus) aepHOMdpcKaa x. Black Sea anchovy (E. e. ponticus) xdnoc milkfish (Chanos) xdpa Chara, stonewort (an alga) xapamtaffl characin--a fish of the family Characinidae xapaJJHHOBbie characins and allies--fishes of the Suborder Characinoidei (or Heterognathi) xdpnyc 1. grayling (genus ); 2. (Eur.) grayling () a3HdTCKHH X. arctic grayling (T. arcticus) aMepHK^HCKHH X. grayling (T. montanus) aM^pcKHH X. Amur grayling (T. arcticus grubei) daHKdjlBCKHH X. "Baikal grayling" (T. arcticus baicalensis)-- divided into deJlblM X. ("white grayling") which are lake spawners, and aepHHH X. ("black grayling") which are river spawners BOCToaHOCHd^pcKHM x. East Siberian grayling (T. arcticus pallasi) eBponencKHH X. European grayling (T. thymallus) KaMa^-TCKHH X. Kamchatka grayling (T. arcticus grubei-- martensi) KOCOroJlBCKHH X. Kosogol grayling (T. nigrescens) MOHrdjlBCKHM X. Mongolian grayling (T. brevirostris) odblKHOB^HHHH X. European grayling (T. thymallus) CHd^pcKHM X. arctic grayling (T. arcticus) xapnycoBbie graylings--family Thymallidae xamaM "Caspian asp" (Aspius aspius taeniatus) xboct tail, caudum

XBOCTa&Tbie (seMHOBOflHbie) tailed amphibians, Caudata xboctoboh tail (adj.), caudal, posterior x-Baa HHTB cercus; (pi.) cerci xboctokoji (Jap.) whip ray (Dasyatis akajei)

XBOHS horsetail (Equisetum) - 140 -

xeK (see X3k)

xeMyjlHfl (Am.) grunt (Haemulon spp. and other Pomadasyidae)

XHJl0,a;0HeJlJl03 chilodonelliasis--a fish disease caused by the protozoan Chilodonella (formerly called Chilodon)

XHJio#OHHa3HC, XHJl0fl0HH03 older names for XHJl0fl0HeJlJl03 XHM^pa Chimaera, ratfish, rabbitfish (Chimaera monstrosa, etc.)

XHMep.OBaa (S. Am.) elephantfish (Callorhynchus)

XHTHHOBbM chitinized, sclerotized

xhiuhhk carnivore, predator

XOfl 1. migration, movement; 2. run (of salmon, etc.) MOlUHbTH X. heavy run, big run pyHHHH x. the main part of a run CJiadblH x. light run, poor run

XOflHJlBHbiH walking, ambulatory (zool.) x-Haa Hord walking leg XOflOBda p&da migratory fish XO,ZjyjioaHHK stilt--a shore bird (Himantopus himantopus) aMepHK^HCKHH X. black-necked stilt (H. h. mexicanus) c^BepHblH X. "old-world stilt" (H. h. himantopus) • xoJieBa, XOJieM any large gull

XOJIOCTjSk bachelor (fur seal) XOM^T 1• hose clamp; 2. collar xopzja chord, notochord XopzjOBbie chordates, Chordata (a Phylum of animals) xoxjld/raa KpdaKa sandwich tern (Thalasseus sandvicensis)

XOXJlda hooded seal (Cystophora cristata)

XOXOJIOK hood, crest - 141 -

XOXOT^H, XOXOT^HBfl any large gull aepHoroJlOBblH x. great black-headed gull (Larus ichthyaetus) xoxoTymKa black-headed gull (Larus ridibundus) XpaM^JIH "khramulya"--a cyprinid fish (Varicorhinus capo'eta) 3aKacnHHCKaa X. "Asiatic khramulya" (V. heratensis heratensis) caMapKanftCKan X. "Samarkand khramulya" (V. h. steindachneri) ceBdncKaa X. "Lake Sevan khramulya" (V. c. sevangi) cpeflHe-a3Hd.TCKaa x. "Asiatic khramulya" (V. h. heratensis) xpedTHHa mainline (in long-lining, the line to which the gangions are attached) xpoMHC Chromis (a genus of Cichlidae) xpycTaH dotterel--a kind of plover (Charadrius morinellus) xpam; cartilage xpameBbie p^dbl cartilaginous fishes, Chondrichthyes X3K (Eur.) hake (Merluccius merluccius); see MOpCKoM HaJlHM for American hakes

- 143 -

II U. (ijeHTHep) centner, metric quintal, 100 kg (not ton; not 50 kg) ijdnjia heron, egret (see also aenypa) dd/iaa n;. or doJiBnr^a ddflaa u;. (Eur.) great white heron; (Am.) American egret (Egretta alba) deJiOKpEfoiaa n;. "white-winged heron" (Ardeola bacchus) ernnenjcaa u;. Egyptian egret (Bubulcus ibis) me'JlTaa d;. squacco heron (Ardeola ralloides) MaJiaa ddnaa n;. little egret (Egretta garzetta) HOaHda u;. night heron (Nycticorax nycticorax) pblffiaa D% purple heron (Ardea purpurea) Cv4paa n;. (Eurasian) heron (Ardea cinerea) CfpeflHtfji dcJiaa u;. "middle-sized egret" (Egretta intermedia) npereHHe (BOflopoojieS) bloom (of algae) upeTHdii Kair^CTa a virus disease of eels, causing tumours on the head or jaws

EgBeroefl boll weevil

IjeJIoaHCJieHHblH integral, whole-number (adj.) ijeJIBHoroJlOBbie chimaeras, Subclass IjeHTpfaa (a shark) (Oxynotus centrina)

D;eHTpOJlO$ (Aust.) hapuka (Hyperogluphe porosa)

Ii;enB, u;endaKa 1 . chain; 2. circuit; 3, range, chain (of mountains) nHineB^a n;enB food chain JXepK&pmR cercaria (a life-history stage of trematodes) ijec&aJlcicnHflEi cephalaspid s, fish of the extinct Order Cephalaspidiformes u#cth;j;hK0JI03 cystidicolosis--a fish disease caused by the nematode Cystidicola n#CT0ncH03 cystopsiosis--disease of sturgeons caused by the nematode Cystopsis acipenseris

- 145 -

aaBbiaa chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) adiiKa gull (see also KJi^na, MoeBKa, xoxoTyH, xoJieBa) d^Jiaa a. ivory gull (Pagophila eburnea) doJiBffiia MopcK^a a. great black-backed gull (Larus marinus) dyporoJiOBaa a. "brown-headed gull" (L. brunneicephalus) BHJioxBOCTaLa a. Sabine's gull (Xema sabini) KHT&HCKaa MdJiaa a. "Chinese gull" (L. saundersi) Mcbiaa a. little gull (L. minutus) MaJiaa noJiipHaa a. Iceland gull (L. glaucoides) odbiKHOBeHHaa a. blackheaded gull (L. ridibundus) 03e'pHaa a. (= odbiKHOBeHHaa a.) nojiapaaa a. glaucous gull (L. hyperboreus) peaHda a. black-headed gull (L. ridibundus) pd30Baa a. "rosy gull" (Rhodostethia rosea) cepedpHCTaa a. herring gull (L. argentatus) cepoKpbiffaa a. glaucous-winged gull (L. glaucescens) CH3aa a. common gull, mew gull (L. canus) THXOOKe^HCKaa MopoKda a. slaty-backed gull (L. schistisagus) TOHKOKjn&Baa a. slender-billed gull (L. genei) TpSxn^Jiaa a. kittiwake (see Moe'BKa) aepHorojiOBaa a. Mediterranean gull (L. melanocephalus) aepHOXBOCTaa a. "black-tailed gull" (L. crassirostrus) a^HKa-jHdoJioB (= peaH*laT-T.) a^HKa-xoxoTymKa (= pean&a a.) aawrpa squall aacTHKdBbie p&!idbl run-of-the-mill species of fish, taken in the sizes of nets usually used: mostly cyprinids and percids. A term used principally in the Caspian region, where sturgeons are separated as KpdoHbie pbidH aacTHHH 1. special; 2. detailed, systematic a-Haa HXTHOJidran descriptive ichthyology aacTOT^ BCTpeadeMOCTH frequency of occurrence aacTB part, portion npocTaTHaecKaa a. prostatic duct (of trematodes) aeddK 1. "Amur ide" (Leuciscus waleckii); 2.: "Siberian roach" (Rutilus rutilus lacustris) hcchkk^jibckhh1 a. "Issyk-Kul dace" (Leuciscus schmidti) - 146 - aedaae'K or aedaadK (gen. aedaaKa) "chebachok" aM^pcKHH a. "Chinese chebachok" (Pseudorasbora parva) HCCHKK^JIBCKHH a. "Issyk-Kul chebachok" (Leuciscus bergi) kht£hckhh a. (= aM^pcKHH a. ) aeBHija flaJIBHeBOCTdaHaa a. "chevitsa" (Hucho perryi--an anadromous salmonid of the Sea of Japan) aerpdBa Caspian tern (Hydroprogne caspia) aeJIOBeKOefl (S. Am.) pirana, "man-eater"; (pi.) Serrasalmidae adjnocTHaa (koctb) maxillary (bone), maxilla, jawbone aejnoCTHOJKadepHbie fishes of the extinct Class Aphetohyoidea (acanthodians, etc.) a&KioCTHbie (pbidbl) jawed fishes, true fishes, Gnathostomata a^JHOCTB jaw aewrpa (= aaMpa) squall aenypa egret, (small) heron (see also u^njin) KOpM^Taa a. squacco heron (Ardeola ralloides) M&Jiaa a. cattle egret (Ardeola ibis) pifoKaa a. purple heron (Ardea purpurea) aenypa-HyjKfla little egret (Egretta garzetta) HceJITOKJTOBaa a. "yellow-billed egret" (E. eulophotes) aepBdHeu; 1. 10 roubles; 2. yellowfin sole (Limanda aspera) aepBB worm dproxopeOHHaHHH a. gastrotrich; (pi.) Gastrotricha KOJIBa^TblH a. annelid, bristle worm; (pi.) Annelida KpyrJlHH a. roundworm (strict sense), nematode; (pi.) Nematoda JieHTOaHblH a. tapeworm; (pi.) Cestoda MaJIOlneTHHKOBHH a. oligochaete, freshwater worm; (pi.) Oligochaeta (a Subclass of annelids) MHoromeTHHKOBblS a. polychaete, marine worm; (pi.) Polychaeta HeMaTOMop^HblH a. roundworm (broad sense); (pi.) Nema- tohelminthes (a Phylum of animals) nJIOCKHH a. flatworm; (pi.) Platyhelminthes peCHHaHblH a. turbellarian, free-living flatworm; (pi.) Turbellaria (a Class of flatworms) - 147 -

aepeHdK razor shell (Solen)

aepen , cranium aependxa turtle doJlOTHaa a. "swamp turtle" (Emys orbicularis) flaJiBHeBOCToaHaa a. "Asiatic soft-shell turtle" (Amyda sinensis) KacnHHCKaa a. "Caspian turtle" (Clemmys caspica) KOHCHCTaa a. leatherback turtle (Dermochelys coriacea) peaH^a a. (= dojioraaa a.) aepen&iiKa stink-bug, pentatomid (family Pentatomidae: Heteroptera) BpeflHaa a. Eurygastor integriceps (a serious pest in ) aepaaa pbida Alaska blackfish (Dallia pectoralis) aepneTB scaup (duck) MopcKda a. scaup, greater scaup (Aythya marila) xoxji&raa a. tufted duck (A. fuligula) aepHHJiHaa dojie3HB, or aepanjiHoe 3adojieBdHHe blackspot disease (a parasitic infestation of fishes, characterized by small black cvsts on the body and fins) aepHodpdBKa "blackbrow"--a cyprinid fish of the Kura River (Acanthalburnus rnicrolepis) aepH0dpi6niKa "blackbelly" (Xenocypris macrolepis) aepH03odHK dunlin--a shore bird (Calidris alpina) aepHOcnHHKa black-backed shad (Alosa kessleri kessleri) faeeHoaHHlja a toad of the genus Pelobates aepHHH aMyp black carp, "black amur" (Mylopharyngodon piceus) aepHbnn green sandpiper (Tringa ochropus)

ae'pr devil 1 MopcKoM a. 1. (Eur.) anglerfish (Lophius piscatorius); 2. (Am.) goosefish (L. americanus) ^eTbipe'xrjia3aa (pbida) four-eye (Anableps tetrophthalmus) - 148 - aeTbipexjieTKa a fish in its 4th year of life (age 3+) aeTbipexxodOTHHKH Tetrarhynchidea (an Order of tapeworms) aexdHB "chekhon" (Ger. Sabelkarpe) (Pelecus cultratus) aemyHaaTHHK (lit., scaled fish, etc.) aBCTpajIHltcKHH a. Australian lungfish (Neoceratodus forsteri) aemyji scale ranonflHaa a. ganoid scale KpbUioBHflHaLa a. cycloid scale KTeHOHftHaa a. ctenoid scale nJiaKOH#Haa a. placoid scale ijHKJiOH^Haa a. cycloid scale aiidnc lapwing (Vanellus vanellus) a^pHK^HCKHH innopneBbiH a. spur-winged plover (Hoplopterus spinosus) HHflHHCKHH VKpaili;eHHbIH a, "Indian lapwing" (Lobivanellus indicus) anp , "chir" (Coregonus nasus) anpOK a small duck, teal Mp^MopHLTH a. marbled duck (Anas angustirostris) anpOK-KJIOKTyH "Siberian teal" (Anas formosa) anpoK-CBHCTyHOK (Eurasian) teal (Anas crecca) aHpOK-TpecKyHOK garganey (Anas querquedula) aHpyc small-sized Black Sea mackerel (Scomber scombrus) aHCJieHHOCTB abundance aHCTHK black guillemot (Cepphus grylle) (see also Kanpi) BepHHroB a. pigeon guillemot (Cepphus columba) oaKdBHH a. spectacled guillemot (Cepphus carbo)--an east Asian bird, not to be confused with the .spectacled murre (= oaKdBaa Kanpd), a colour form of the common murre aHCTHKdBbie diving birds of the family Alcidae (auks, etc.) aJieHHCTOHdroe arthropod; (pi.) Arthropoda (a Phylum of animals) aOMra great crested grebe (Podiceps cristatus) - 149 - aon "chop"--a percid fish (Aspro zingel) aonT (see aepr) ayBCTBHTeJiBHbiii sensory qyKya^JH 1. redside sucker (Catostomus catostomus); 2. (= CHdHpCKHH a.) CHdnpCKHH a. Siberian redside sucker (C. c. rostratus) TjyKyaaHOBbie suckers, fishes of the family Catostomidae ayJiapa immature mullet (Mugil spp.) ayMd 1. plague, especially bubonic plague; 2. other diseases a. JlOCOceH "trout pestilence"--a disease of salmonids caused by Bacillus pestis salmonis a. paKOB "crayfish pestilence"--a disease of the European crayfish (Astacus), caused by Bacillus pestis astaci a. CHroB "whitefish pestilence"--a disease of unknown etiology a. JByK "pike pestilence"--a disease probably of bacterial origin

- 151 -

in niawrpa squall nefl, inafl (Am.) shad (Alosa sapidissima) meHHHH cervical, jugular, neck (adj.) meMaa "shemaia" (Chalcalburnus chalcoides) apdjlBCKaa in. "Aral shemaia" (C. c, aralensis) daBdpcKaa in. "Bavarian shemaia" (C. c. mento) daryMCKaa ni. "Batum shemaia" (C. c. derjugini) flHenpo-asdBCKaH or a30BCKo-aepH0MdpcKaa m. "Azov shemaia" (C. c. schischkovi) KacnHHCKaa m. "Caspian shemaia" (C. c. chalcoides) KpbJMCKaa in. "Crimean shemaia" (C. c. mentoides) aepHOMdpcKaa HI. "Black Sea shemaia" (C. c. danubicus) inepecnep asp (Aspius aspius)

HlHJIOKJn6BKa avocet (Recurvirostra avocetta)

HHJloxBdCT pintail (Anas acuta) lllHn 1 . spine; 2. "ship sturgeon" or "spiny sturgeon" (Acipenser nudiventris) ajsaJiBHbiH nr. anal spine cnHHHOH in. dorsal spine illHnHK prickle, little spine niHpoKOJlddKa (Eur.) Miller's thumb, sculpin (Cottus gobio); ^(pl.) sculpins, Cottidae--see also no,ziidMeHinHK, KepaaK daifK^JlBCKHe ni-KH Baikal sculpins () doJIBineroJIOBaa m. "big-headed sculpin" () flJIHHOKpduiaa m. "longfin Baikal sculpin" (Cottocomephorus comephoroides) K^MeHHaa in. "stone sculpin" (Cottus kneri) KopOTKorOJIOBaa in. "shorthead sculpin" (Cottinella sp.) KpdcHaa hi. "red Baikal sculpin" (Procottus jeittelesi) necadnaa in. "sand sculpin" (Cottus kessleri) nJiocKorojiOBaa in. "flathead sculpin" (Megalocottus) CHdnpcKaa in. "Siberian sculpin" (Cottus sibiricus) nnpoKopb'iJiaa ropd^Taa in. "broadfinned humped sculpin" (Asprocottus sp.) mnpoKOHdcKa shoveller (duck) (Anas clypeata) UnfanKa knob, bump, lump, boss - 152 - nmpOT sprat, brisling (Clupea sprattus) oaJlTHHaecKHH m. "Baltic sprat" (C. s. balticus) aepHOMopcKHM HI. "Black Sea sprat" (C. s. phalericus) iHTyK individual, item, piece ittTyaHblH (adj. from iHTyK) by the piece - 153 -

I inerOJiB spotted redshank (Tringa erythropus) me'JioaHOCTB alkalinity meJlB slit, aperture HtddepHaa n. gill slit ineHKa birth meTHHKOBbiH (aepBB) bristle worm; (pi.) Chaetopoda (a Class of annelids) m,eTHHK03^daa pbida (Am.) angel fish (Holacanthus spp., Pomacanthus sp.); (pi.) butterflyfishes, Chaetodontidae npindBKa spiny loach (Cobitis taenia) apdJlBCKaa Hi;. "Aral spiny loach" (C. aurata aralensis) tiffiiasi in,. "southern spiny loach" (C. aurata) ffljITeHB notostracan, a crustacean of the geneia Lepidurus or Triops (= Apus) npffTHH Notostraca (an Order of branchiopod crustaceans)

IttHTOK 1. (zool.) thorax; 2. (bot.) cyme, corymb lnpKyp broad whitefish (Coregonus nasus) IH^Ka pike ( lucius) aM^pcKaa in;. Amur pike (Esox reicherti) rojiyd&l MopcK^La m.. blue ling ( byrkelange) MopcKda m. 1. barracuda (Sphyraena barracuda); 2. (Eur.) ling (Molva molva); 3. hake (Merluccius); 4. billfish (Tylosurus); 5. (Eur.) garfish (Belone belone); 6. (Am.) needlefish (Strongylura, etc.) n^LHDJjpHaa M.. (Am.) gar (Lepisosteus) njyKOBbie pikes, fishes of the family jnyK00dpd3Hbie pikes and allies--Order or Haplomi jgyn or inynHK palp, tentacle nj^iiaJiBije palp jnynaJiBiteBbie Tentaculata (a Phylum of animals that includes Bryozoa) - 154 - luynaJlBi];eHOrHe Palpigrada (an Order of arachnids) inypeHOK (pi. jg^/pdra) young pike njypKa bee-eater (Merops) 30JlOTHCTaa m;. (Eur.) bee-eater (M. apiaster) njyaHH pike (adj.) - 155 -

3 3Bpn- (also spelt eBpH-) eury- 3BpHdndHTHblH eurybiotic, capable of living under a wide range of environmental conditions 3K3eMnJL$4p specimen, individual, piece

DKcnJiyaTaHHH 1. exploitation; 2. operation BCTynHTB B OKCnJiaTaUHK) to put into operation

8JieM^HT 1. element (chemistry); 2. factor, aspect; 3. member (of a structure); 4. cell (of a battery)

DJieOTpHCH eleotrids, fish of the family Eleotridae

3MdHHa (Am.) seaperch (Embiotocidae) 3HXHTpeH#a white worm (Enchytraeus albidus)--used to feed fishes

3nH30,ziHaecKHH casual, occasional (as opposed to systematic)

3nH300THH epidemic (among animals other than man), epizootic 3pra3HJl03 ergasilosus (infestation of fish by the copepod parasite Ergasilus)

3eceHljHa essence BOCTdaHaa 3. "oriental essence"--a preparation from scales of the bleak, used to make artificial pearls

STcin stage, stanza (of development)

3TM0H# ethmoid (bone)

BXHypH/Jbl Echiuroidea (a Class of annelids)

- 157 -

B

KKOJia [some kind of container for prepared salmon, or the salmon themselves] KKCOBCKaa d0Jie'3HB Graff's disease--a rare disease of man, of unknown etiology but apparently associated with eating fish

- 159 -

fl fldaHH the hiemal form of the gegarkuni race of Sevan trout (Salmo ischchan) A3&K 1. tongue; 2. speech; 3. (= MopcKOH H. ) MopcKOH fl. 1. (Eur.) sole (Solea vulgaris); 2. any ; 3. (Can.) a "sole" of the genus Microstomus; 4. ( fasciatus); 5. ( maculatus); 6. (N. Afr.) sole (Quensela azewia); 7. (Aust.) flounder ( spp.)

H3biaHaa (koctb) glossohyal (bone)

H3bfaHbIH 1. lingual, tongue (adj.); 2. linguistic fl-Haa nJiacTHHKa lingual plate (bearing teeth in some fishes)

H3B ide, orfe (Leuciscus idus) aM^pcKHH fl. "Amur ide" (L» waleckii) 30JI0T0H fl. golden orfe--an ornamental form of L. idus TypKeCTclHCKHH fl. "Turkestan ide" (L. idus oxianus)

AHIjeBOfl oviduct flHli;eKJiav5yni1HH egg-laying, oviparous

AHaHHK ovary flKodbl supposedly, as though flKopB anchor HJiaByaHH fl. sea anchor flJI yawl (a kind of small sailboat) fljien; (= ejien;) flJIOBaa pbida immature fish, non-breeding fish flMa pit, depression (in a river bed), pool flp a steep sandy shore flpoBOH vernal--of anadromous fishes, individuals which enter a river with well developed sexual products and spawn during the same year (compare 03HMbiH). flpyo 1. stratum, formation (of rock); 2. storey (of a house); 3. set-line, long-line, line-trawl flCTbfe ovaries plus their membranes

flOTBiaKa ovary

Ain.epHi];a lizard - 161 -

ADDENDUM

Page 2 (anyjia) anoHCKaua deJiorJiasaa a. "Japanese white-eyed shark" (Carcharias japonicus) anoHOKaa dopoflaTaa a. "Japanese bearded shark" (Orectolobus japonicus)

anyjia-MOJlOT hammerhead shark (Sphyrna zygaena)

aJIBdaTpocCHfl "Albatross rat-tail" (Coryphaenoides pectoralis)

Page 3 apTeAHeJlJiyc a sculpin of the genus Artediellus a. depHHroBCKHH Bering sculpin (A. scaber beringianus) a. flHHHMOKa "Dydymov's sculpin" (A. dydymovi) a. THXOOKeaHCKHH Pacific sculpin (A. pacificus)

Page 5 dada-ptlda "haitej sculpin" (Mesocottus haitej)

(dajui) 6sum HHpHOCTH no McTepy degree of fatness on Ister's scale

Page 6 dejiHHrac (= neJiHHrac)

Page 8 (dojie3HB) d. iiJTa4>$a Staff's disease; a disease of carp of unknown etiology, associated with prolonged exposure to tempera tures below 1°C

Page 11 (dbiaoK) aKCHJlJiapHbJH* d. "axillary sculpin" (Myoxocephalus axillaris) dopoflaBaaTbTH d. "bearded sculpin" (Myoxocephalus verrucosus) dyropaaTbiH d. "tubercled sculpin" (Myoxocephalus tuberculatus) d. Epafl^opfla "Bradford's sculpin" (Porocottus bradfordi) - 162 -

(dbHOK - cont'd) d. BpaniHHKOBa "Brashnikov' s sculpin" (Taurocottus brashnikovi) d. roJiOBacTHKOBHAHbiH do "tadpole-like sculpin" (Eurymen-gyrinus) d. flepiorHHa "Derjugin's sculpin" (Radulinopsis derjugini) d. JIlOKaca "Lucas's sculpin" (Enophrys lucasi) d. CTeJiJiepa "Steller's sculpin" (Myoxocephalus stelleri) BOJlOcaTblH^ d. "bearded sculpin" ( villosus) flByxjionaTbiM yeaTHH d. crested sculpin (Histiocottus bilobus) flByporHH d. "two-spined sculpin" (Enophrys diceratus) flJiHHHOporKH d. Bepra "Berg's longhorn sculpin" (Taurocottus bergi) meJiTHH 6, "yellow goby" (Acanthogobius flavimanus) 3ara£oaHtiK d. tadpole sculpin (Psychrolutes paradoxus) KOMaii^opcKHH d. "Commander Islands sculpin (Myoxocephalus mednius) KpacHblM d. "red sculpin" () MajieHBKHH daxponaaTbiH 6. "little fringed sculpin" (Porocottus minutus) MHOrOHPJlblH d. great sculpin (Myoxocephalus polyacantho- cephalus) MflrKHH do "soft sculpin" (Malacocottus zonurus) HacTOHHHH no/iyaeiiiyHHHH d. Red Irish lord (Hemilepidotus hemilepidotus) HHTaaTbiH dbHOK "thread sculpin" (Gymnocanthius pistilliger) OXOTCKHH d. "Okhotsk sculpin" (Myoxocephalus ochotensis) nJiocKO POJiOBbiH d. "flathead sculpin" (M. platycephalus) noJiooaTbiM d. "striped goby" (Pterogobius elapoides) noJiyaemyHHbiH 6. rHJibdepra "Gilbert's Irish lord" (Hemilepidotus gilberti) noJiyaemyHHHH d. ftstopflSHa "Jordan's Irish lord" (Hemilepidotus jordani) npoMeffiyroaHbiH d. "intermediate sculpin" (Gymnocanthus intermedius) caxaJlHHCKHH daxpoMaaTbiM d. "Sakhalin fringed sculpin" (Porocottus japonicus) ceAJlOBHflHblH d. "saddle sculpin" (Myoxocephalus sellans) cepedpHCTbiM d. "silvery sculpin" (Argyrocottus zonderi) Tpe*X3ydbiH d. a goby of the genus Tridentiger aepHHH d. "black sculpin" (Myoxocephalus niger) nuieMOHOCHH d. Tepn;eHiETeHHa "Herzenstein' s staghorn sculpin" (Gymnocanthus herzensteini) meTHHHOTbiH d. spinyhead sculpin (Dasycottus setiger) 3JieraHTHbiM d. "elegant sculpin" (Bero elegans) anoHCKKH daxpoMaaTbiM d, "Japanese fringed sculpin" (Porocottus tentaculatus) - 163 -

Page 11 (cont'd) dbiaoK-dadoaKa 1. "butterfly sculpin" (Melletes sp.); 2. silver-spotted sculpin (Blepsias cirrhosus) noJiyaeinyHHbiH d. "half-scaled butterfly sculpin" (Melletes papillio) dbiaOK-roHeii; 1. "goad goby" (Mesogobius gymnotrachelus); 2. "goad goby" (Cottiusculus gonez)

Page 12 dbiaoK-flOK "yaok sculpin (Myoxocephalus jaok)

Page 16 B0JI0C03yd odblKHOBeHHblH sandfish (Trichodon trichodon)

Page 17 BopoH raven MopcKOH B. ()

BOCTKflK "vostrak"--an Anadyr whitefish (Coregonus pidschian annulorum)

BblKJieBaTBOfl, BblKJnoiiyTBCfl to hatch, to emerge (from an egg)

Page 21 (rojien;) CHdHpcKHH r. "Siberian stone-loach" (Nemachilus barbatulus toni)

Page 22 (rOJIBflH) aMypcKHH r. (= rojiBflH JIaroBCKoro) cyM^yHCKHH r. "Suifun minnow" (Phoxinus czecanowskii suifunensis) rOJIBflH ^epcKoro "Chersky's minnow" (Phoxinus czechanowskii czerskii) (ropdyniKa) peaHaa r. "river gorbushka" (Culter alburnus) - 164 -

Page 27 flmeflH or fiJKyflH (Dr. Chancey) Juday, late Wisconsin limnologist

Page 28 flJIHHHOXBOCT rat-tail (genus Coryphaenoides) fl. nr.na3 nanbi" "pop's-eye rat-tail" (C. cinereus) fl. rpydoaeinyKHbiM "firm-scaled rat-tail" (C. firmisquamis) fl. KjiapKa "Clark's rat-tail" (C. clarki) fl. KOJiioaHH "spiny rat-tail" (C. spinulosus)

Page 29 SpodJieHHe cleavage (of a fertilized egg)

(flBflBOJI) flnoHCKHH MopcKOH fl. "Japanese eagle ray" (Mobula japonica)

Page 30 eKCTeHCHBHOCTB incidence (of attack by a parasite or disease)--the percentage of animals affected. Contrasted with HHTeHCHBHOCTB, which is the degree of infestation, or average number of parasites per animal. (epm) aJiacKaHCKHH epm shortspine channel rockfish (Sebastolobus alascanus) roJiydoM 3. (E„ Asia) "blue rockfish" (Sebastodes golucus) flJiHHiionepbiH MopcKOH epm "longfin channel rockfish (Sebastolobus macrochir) e. a/ieaTCKHH blackthroat rockfish (Sebastodes aleutianus) e! fl)KOHHepa (Jap.) "Joyner's rockfish" (Sebastodes joyneri) e. EkereJlfl "Schlegel's rockfish" (S. schlegeli) e. HiTeMHflaxHepa "Steindachner's rockfish" (S. steindachnen) KpacHHH e. (E. Asia) "red rockfish" (S. owstoni) CHeHCHbiH e. (E. Asia) "snowy rockfish" (S. nivosus) yflJiHHeHHbiH e. (Jap.) "oblong rockfish" (S. oblongus)

Page 36 3apameHH0CTB 1. infestation, infection; 2. incidence (of infestation) CTeneHB 3-TH degree of infestation, incidence of infestation 165 -

Page 39 (3ydaTKa) TOHKOXBOCTafl 3. (= B0CT0aH3fl 3.) 3ynacH zunasi--an east Asian clupeid fish (Harengula zunasi)

Page 40 (nrJia-pbida) H. CoJiflaTOBa "Soldatov's pipefish (Syngnathus acusimilis soldatovi) H. UlJiereJlfl "Schlegel's pipefish" (S. schlegeli)

Page 41 HHBa3Hfl attack (by a parasite or disease organism)

Page 42 (nn;eji) BOOuymem-ibiH h. (Okhotsk Sea) "armed Icelus" (I. armatus) H. THJlBdepTa (Jap.) "Gilbert's Icelus" (I. gilberti) KOJWr-'im H. (E. Asia) "spiny Icelus" (I. spiniger) aeinynaaTHH h. (E. Asia) "scaly Icelus" (I. rastrinoides)

Page 44 (Kawda/ia or KaMdajia) rJia3aaTafl K. (E. Asia) "bigeye flounder" (Pseudorhombus olivaceus) flByxuBeTHaa k. (E. Asia) "two-coloured flounder" (Kareius bicoloratus) JKeJlTOnoJlocaa K. (E. Asia) 1. "yellow-striped flounder" (Limanda, or Pseudopleuronectes, herzensteini); 2. (= fljiHHHopbuiaa mejiTonojiocaa JiHManfla) K. Hafl;eHCHaa (E. Asia) "Nadezhny's flounder" (Acanthopsetta nadeshnyi) Ma/iopoTaa flJiHHHonepaa K. (Pac.) (Glyptocephalus zachirus) omopcKaa K. (E. Asia) "Oshoro flounder" (Pseudoplatichthys oshorensis) nflTHHCTaa K. (Pac.) sand sole (Psettichthys melanostictus) aeniyerJia3Haa k. "scaly-eyed flounder" (Dexistes ricuzenius) - 166 -

Page 46 (icapacB) MopcKOH K. ^epcKoro (E. Asia) "Chersky's snapper" (Sparus macrocephalus czerskii)

Kapdac a shallow-draft fishing boat of about 10 tons, with sails and oars

Page 50 KOJixos collective (enterprise)--farm, fishery, etc.

Page 52 kohb 1. horse, stallion; 2. (= KOHB-rydap); 3. (=KOH.e*K3.) KopncfreHB, KopncJteHa dolphin, mahimahi (Coryphaena hippuris)

Page 53 KOCOpOT a sole of the genus Symphurus BOCTOaHbiH K. (E. Asia) "slant-mouth sole" (S. orientalis)

Page 55 (KpaaKa) XOXJiaTaa K. Sandwich tern (Thalasseus sandvicensis)

Page 56 KpyrJionep lumpsucker BOJiocaTbiH K. "hairy lumpsucker11 (Cyclopris tentacularis) K» BnpyJiH "Birula's lumpsucker" (Eumicrotremus birulai) K. BpaiiiHHKOBa "Brashnikov1 s lumpsucker (Cyclopterocottus brashnikovi) K. roJiOBacTHKOBHflHHH "tadpole lumpsucker" (Cyclopteroides gyrinops) K. JlHKfldepra "Lindberg's lumpsucker" (Cyclopteropsis lindbergi) K. HeBOopyjKeHHbm "unarmed lumpsucker" (Lethotremus muticus) K. CTeJiJiepa "Steller's lumpsucker" (Liparops stelleri) K. THXOOKeaHCKaa "west Pacific spiny lumpsucker" (Eumicrotremus pacificus) K, niapoBHflHHH Pacific spiny lumpsucker (E. orbis) - 167 -

Page 57 (KyHBfl aKyjia) anoHCKaa K. "Japanese smooth dogfish" (Mustelus mustelus manazo) KypHHCKHH adj. from Kypa3 the Kura River

Page 60 (jighok) MOpCKOH JI, Atka mackerel (Pleurogrammus monopterygius)

Page 61 JlHMaHfla 1. dab (Limanda limanda); 2. any species of Limanda flJlHHHOpbinaa JI. "longsnout flounder" (Limanda punctatissima) flJiHHHopbUiaa HceJiTodpEQxaa ji. "yellow-bellied longsnout dab" (L. p. proboscidea) flJiKHHopbUiaa KeJiTonoJiocaa ji. "yellow-striped longsnout dab" (L. p. punctatissima) KOJiioaaa ji. yellowfin sole (L. aspera) caxajiHHCKaa ji. "Sakhalin dab" (L. sakhalinensis) (jianapHC) 6ecHBeTHblH JI. "plain snailfish" (genus Careproctus) KOJUoaHH Ji. "spiny snailfish" (Acantholiparis opercularis) MHoronpHfla,TKOBbiT/f ji. snailfish of the genus Polypera HOcaTHH ji. "bignose snailfish" (genus Rhinoliparis) neJiarHaecKKH ji. tadpole snailfish (Nectoliparis pelagicus) ycaTbiH ji. "bearded snailfish" (Crystallias matsushimae) meJierJiasHbiH ji. "slit-eyed snailfish" (genus Crystallichthys)

(jiHCHaKa) dopoflaTaa ji. tubesnout poacher (Pallasina barbata) rpeHJiaHflCKafl ji. Atlantic poacher (Agonus decagonus) flBeHaflH,aTHrpaHHaa .ji. "12-sided poacher" (Occa dodecahedron) HeBOcpymeHHaa ji. smooth poacher (Anoplagonus inermis) HOcaTaa ji. "sharpnose seapoacher" (Brachyopsis rostratus) oceTpoBaa JI. sturgeon poacher (Agonus acipenserinus) TOHKOKpbiaa ji. "thin-finned poacher" (Sarritor leptorhynchus) TOHKOXBOCTaa ji. "thin-tailed poacher" (Sarritor frenatus) aepHonepaa rjiydoKOBOflHaa ji. blackfin poacher (Bathyagonus nigripinnis) anoiicKaa ji. "Japanese seapoacher" (Percis japonicus) JlHGHaKa-flpaKOH "dragon seapoacher" (Podothecus sachi) - 168 -

Page 62 (jiob) dJlH3Heuj3lH ji. fishing from 2 boats with a seine or trawl

JionaTKa-pbida batfish; (pi.) Ogcocephalidae 3Be3flaaTaa JI. "starry batfish" (Halieutaea stellata)

Page 65 MaJlopOT a flounder of one of the genera Glyptocephalus, Microstomus, etc. M. flJlHHHonepbiH rex sole (Glyptocephalus zachirus) M. OreJlJiepa "Steller's smallmouth flounder" (Glyptocephalus stelleri) M. THXOOKeaHCKHH Dover sole (Microstomus pacificus)

Page 66 (MacJnoK) de3H0rHH M. a blenny (Pholidapis dybowskii) flJIHHHOdpioXHH M. "long-bellied gunnel" (Pholis dolichogaster) noJiocaTblH M, "striped gunnel" (Pholis fasciatus) M. pa,3yKpajJieHHHH saddleback gunnel (Pholis ornata) pacnHCHOK M. "decorated gunnel" (Pholis pictus) aeniyeroJiOBbiH M. "scalyhead blenny" (Enedrias nebulosus)

Page 68 (MHHora) anoHCKaa m. (= THXooKeaHCKaa m. )

Page 72 MflTKaa pbida smooth lumpsucker (Aptocyclus ventricosus)

Page 75 (HeBOfl) ceMyiKBH H. salmon gill net (Pechora region)

HenBa "neiva"--a Siberian char (Salvelinus neiva)

('HeJiBMa) 1. inconnu, nelma (Stenodus leucichthys nelma); 2. (incorrectly, = meJlTOineK) - 169 -

Page 81 (oKyHB) o rnraHTCKaa MopcKaa o. 1= r. KaMeHHbM o. j

Page 90 necKapB (Eur.) gudgeon (Gobio gobio) BOCBMHycbiH n. "eight-whiskered gudgeon" (Gobiobotia pappenheimi) flaJIBHeBOCTOaHblH n. "Pacific gudgeon" (Gobio soldatovi) flJIHHHOTeJIblH n. "slender gudgeon" (Gobio tenuicorpus) flJlHHHOycHH n. "long-whiskered gudgeon" (Gobio uranoscopus) flJlHHHOXBOCTHH KOJnoaHH n. "long-tailed spiny gudgeon" (Saurogobio dabryi) MaHBaJKypcKHH n. "Manchurian gudgeon" (Gnathopogon strigatus) HOcaTHH n. "long-nosed gudgeon" (Rostrogobio amurensis) n. fladpn "Dabry's gudgeon" (Armatogobio dabryi) n. CojiflaTOBa (= flajiBHOBocToaHbin n.) yccypHHCKKH n. "Ussuri gudgeon" (Gnathopogon ussuriensis) necKapB-rydan toothed gudgeon (genus Chilogobio) n. UoJlflaTOBa "Soldatov's toothed gudgeon" (C. soldatovi) n. HepcKoro "Chersky's gudgeon" (C. czerskii) necKapB-JieHB "lazy gudgeon" (Sarcochilichthys sinensis)

Page 91 (nHJia-pHda) flnoHCKaa n. "Japanese sawfish" (Pristiophorus japonicus)

Page 93 nJiameHOceu; yrpeBHflHHH frilled shark (Chlamydoselachus anguineus) nJieTB Ussuri catfish (Liocassis ussuriensis)

Page 94 (nJioTBa) KHTaMcKaa n. (= aepHHH aMyp) - 170 -

Page 95 (noflKaMeHinHK) aJieyTCKHH n. coastrange sculpin (Cottus aleuticus) n. KaraHOBCKoro "Kaganovsky's sculpin" (C. kaganowskii) n. HepcKoro "Chersky's sculpin" (C. czerskii) caxaJlHHCKHM n. "Sakhalin sculpin" (C. amblystomopsis)

Page 101 npOTaJIHHa open reach (in an otherwise frozen river or lake)

Page 104 peMeHB-pbida (= cadJia-pbida)

Page 105 (rx>Tan) 1. "rotan"--an eleotrid fish of east Asia (Perccottus glehni); 2. (= dada-pnda)

Page 106 pblda-roJioBacTHK "tadpole snailfish" (Gyrinichthys minytremus) pHda-JiaryiiiKa smooth lumpsucker (Aptocyclus ventricosus) pbida-napycHHK (see napycHHK)

Page 107 pbidoKOJIX03 fishery collective, fishery co-op pam or pflffia a small trap net

Page 109 caBapa sawara--a scombrid fish (Sawara niphonia) caflKa (small) rearing pond or tank, rearing channel (in a fish hatchery)

caJiaKyuiKa Sakhalin name for ynK

Page 112 (ceJiBflB 1.) MaJiono3BOHKOBaa c. Pacific herring (Clupea pallasi and its arctic subspecies) [literally, herring with few vertebraej - 171 -

(ceJIBflB 1 . - cont'd) MHoron03BOHKOBaa c. Atlantic herring (C. harengus and subspecies)

ceJIBflB 4. (miscellaneous uses) nflTHHCTaa c. (E. Asia) "spotted shad" (Clupanodon punctatus)

ceJIBflB-flopad (Jap.) "dorab" (Chirocentrus dorab)

Page 114 cnr OMyjieBHflHbiM "omul-like whitefish" (Coregonus subantumnalis)

Page 115 (cKaT) ajieyTCKHyi c. "Aleutian skate" (Raja aleutica) decHEHnblH c. (E. Asia) "spineless skate" (R. violacea) doJiBBioM KaJiH^opHHHCKHH c. big skate (R. binoculata) 3Be3flaaTHH c. 1. (Atl.) thorny skate (Raja radiata); 2. (Pac.) "starry skate" (R. rosispinus) opjiHHHM c. (E. Asia) "Tobija's eagle ray" (Aetobatis tobijei) npepbidaaTbiH c. (E. Asia) "interrupted skate" (R. interrupta) c. CMKpHOBa "Smirnov's skate" (Raja smirnovi) IHHTOHOCHH C. (E. Asia) "threadnose skate" (R. parmifera) anoHCKHH c. "Japanese skate" (R. kenojei)

Page 116 (cKVMdpHfl) KpynHoaeiiiyHHaa c. "thick-scaled mackerel" (Scomber tapeinocephalus)

CJlH3er0Jl0B fish of the genera Bothrocarichthys and Lyco- grammoides (Lycodidae)

Page 118 co?lfla,THK (Eur.) minnow (Phoxinus phoxinus)

(codaaKa) romm MOXHa/rojiOBaa c. prickleback of the genus Bryostemma Kpacnaa c. red prickleback (Ascoldia variegata) aemyMaaTaa MoxHaroJiOBaa c. "scaly prickleback" (Azuma emmnoin)

Page 119 cnapafla shiner perch, shiner seaperch (Cymatogaster aggregata) - 172 -

Page 120 cnHHopor MaJlbiM noJiocaTbTH c. (Jap.) "little striped filefish" (Stephanolepis cirrhifer) c. yMepeHHbiM (Jap.) "modest filefish" (Cantherinus modestus)

Page 122 cyflaaoK () (- MopcKoM jiohok)

Page 126 Tepnyr 1. greenling, fish of the family Hexagrammidae; 2. (less often) = yrojiBHafl pbida depHHroBOMopcKHH t. (= ceEepHbtM oflHonepbiM t.) oypbiH T. "brown greenling" (probably = BOOBMHJiHHewHbiM t. ) BOCirMHJlHHeltHblH T, Alaska greenling (Hexagrammos octogrammos) AecflTHJlHHeKHblK T. kelp greenling (Hexagrammos decagrammus) flJlHHHodpOBKH T. rock greenling (Hexagrammos superciliosus) 3aHH;er0JI0Bb1K T. (= KypHJIBCKHH t .) KypHJIBCKHH t. "Kuril greenling" (Hexagrammos lagocephalus) OflHOnepblif T. "one-finned greenling"--genus Pleurogrammus naTHKCTbiH T. whitespotted greenling (Hexagrammos stelleri) ceBepHbtH ofliionepblH T. Atka mackerel, yellowfish (Pleuro grammus monopterygius) T. OTaKH "Otaki's greenling" (Hexagrammos otakii) t. CTeJiJiepa (= naTHHCTbiM t. ) lOKHKH OflHOnepbW T. "Asiatic greenling" (Pleurogrammus azonus) flnOHOMOpCKHH T. (- K)HHbIH OflHOTiypblK T. )

Page 128 OrpHrJia) 1. grey gurnard (Trigla gurnardus); 2. any Trigla Majionepaa t. (Pac.) "short-finned gurnard"

Tpurjionc T. BHHa ribbed sculpin (Triglops beani) T. doJiBiiierJia3biM "bigeye sculpin" (T. scepticus) T. BHJIBaaTbM "forked sculpin" (T. forficata) T. flmopfl3Ha "Jordan's sculpin" (T. .jordani) Tpoeryd (= KOHB-rydapB) - 173 -

Page 129 (TyHeix) HCeJITOXBOCTblH T. (= JiteJITOnepblH T. ) KHTancKHH T. "Chinese tuna" (Scomberomorus sinensis)

Page 131 (yropb) 1. (Eur.) eel (Anguilla anguilla); 2. (pi.) eels (in general); 3. (incorrectly) = 3Meer0JI0B

Page 133 (ynHTanHocTB) K. y0 no KJiapKy weight of body less entrails, divided by cube of length. [I presume head and gills are left in.] K. y. no §yJlBTOHy whole weight of body, divided by length, cubed (ypyMe), ypyMe xsacH (Pac.) round herring (Etrumeus micropus)

Page 137 ($0peJlB) 1. trout (in general); 2. (incorrectly) Dolly Varden char (Salvelinus malma)

Page 139 xayJiHOfl viperfish (Chauiiodus spp.) (xBOCTOKOJl) whip ray (Dasyatidae) x. rnraHTOKHM (E. Asia) "giant whip ray" (Urolophoides giganteus) x. MaJibiM (E. Asia) "little whip ray" (Dasyatis akajei) x. anOHCKHM (Jap.) "Japanese whip ray" (D. kuhlii)

Page 147 (aepr) flnoiiCKHH MOpcKCH a. "Japanese anglerfish" (Lophiomus litulon)

Page 153 1HHTOHOC BaprOHa "Barton's seapoacher" (Aspidophoroides bartoni)

Page 159 fl3biaoK a sole of the genus Rhinoplagusia flnoHCKHH fl, "Japanese little sole" (R. japonica) Printed in Canada by the Queen's Printer for exclusive distribution by the issuing establishment of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada.