Initial Environmental Examination
January 2021
Kyrgyz Republic: Climate Change and Disaster-Resilient Water Resources Sector Project – Kojo-Kaiyr Subproject
Prepared by the State Agency for Water Resources under the Ministry of Agriculture, Water Management and Regional Development of the Kyrgyz Republic for the Asian Development Bank (ADB).
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This initial environmental examination is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB's Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature. Your attention is directed to the “terms of use” section on ADB’s website.
In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area.
Table of Contents
Table of Contents ...... 1 List of Figures ...... 3 List of Tables ...... 5 Abbreviations ...... 7 Weight and Measures ...... 8 Currency Equivalents ...... 8 Notes ...... 8 Executive Summary ...... 9 1 INTRODUCTION ...... 15 1.1 Overview ...... 15 1.2 Identification of the Project and Project Proponents ...... 15 1.3 Purpose of the Report ...... 17 1.4 Boundaries of the IEE ...... 17 2 POLICY, LEGAL, AND ADMINISTRATIVE FRAMEWORK ...... 25 2.1 National and Local Legal and Institutional Framework ...... 25 2.1.1 Environmental Protection Law and Policy...... 25 2.1.2 Project Status Regarding Environmental Regulations ...... 30 2.1.3 Other Legislation and Standards ...... 31 2.1.4 Institutional Framework ...... 34 2.2 International Agreements Relevant to the Project ...... 36 2.3 Environmental Impact Assessment Procedure ...... 37 2.4 ADB Requirements ...... 38 2.4.1 Policies ...... 38 2.4.2 Guidance ...... 38 2.4.3 Environmental and Social Screening & Categories ...... 39 3 DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT ...... 40 3.1 Expected Project Impact and Outcome ...... 40 3.1.1 Objectives of the Project ...... 40 3.1.2 Project Outputs ...... 40 3.2 Kojo-Kaiyr Subproject ...... 41 3.2.1 Setting ...... 41 3.2.2 Present Status of the Kojo-Kaiyr Irrigation System ...... 42 3.2.3 Project Components ...... 45 3.2.4 Organization of the Construction Works ...... 60 4 DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT ...... 64 4.1 Physical Environment ...... 64 4.1.1 Current Climatic Conditions ...... 64 4.1.2 Climate Changes ...... 65 4.1.3 Geology ...... 65 4.1.4 Hydrology ...... 66 4.1.5 Soil ...... 68 4.2 Biological Environment...... 68 4.2.1 The Aquatic Environment ...... 68 4.2.2 The Terrestrial Environment ...... 73 4.3 Protected Areas ...... 79 4.4 Conclusion ...... 82 4.5 Social and Economic Conditions ...... 84 4.6 Archaeological, cultural areas ...... 85 4.7 Focus on the environmental impact areas ...... 85 5 ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES ...... 94 5.1 Rationale for Basic option of Project implementation ...... 94 5.2 Design Concept Summary ...... 95 6 ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES ...... 98 6.1 Introduction ...... 98
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6.2 Direct Impact Zone Number 1 ...... 99 6.3 Direct Impact Zone Number 2 ...... 108 6.4 Direct Impact Zone Number 3 ...... 115 6.5 Direct Impact Zone Number 4 ...... 122 6.6 Direct Impact Zone Number 5 ...... 131 6.7 Cumulative Impacts ...... 139 6.7.1 Impacts on air quality and its significance ...... 139 6.7.2 Impacts on Surface and Groundwater quality and its significance ...... 140 6.7.3 Impacts on soil and land their significance ...... 141 6.7.4 Impacts on fauna and its significance ...... 141 6.7.5 Impacts on flora and vegetation cover and their significance ...... 143 6.7.6 Noise impact and its significance ...... 144 6.7.7 Vibration impact and its significance ...... 145 6.7.8 Overall Environmental Impact Assessment ...... 146 6.7.9 Impacts on Socio-economy and its significance ...... 147 6.7.10 Comprehensive assessment of the environment and socio-economy ...... 148 7 INFORMATION DISCLOSURE, CONSULTATION AND PARTICIPATION ...... 153 7.1 Public Participation Meeting ...... 153 7.2 Summary of the Comments and Concerns Received from Affected People and other Stakeholders ...... 157 8 GRIEVANCE REDRESS MECHANISM (GRM) ...... 158 8.1 Objectives ...... 158 8.2 Grievance Redress Mechanism (GRM) ...... 158 8.2.1 Grievance Redress Groups ...... 158 8.2.2 Local Focal Point ...... 159 8.2.3 Construction Contractors ...... 159 8.2.4 Grievance Resolution Process ...... 160 8.2.5 Additional Mechanisms ...... 162 8.3 Complaint Documentation ...... 163 9 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT AND MONITORING PLAN (EMP) ...... 164 9.1 Overview of technical solutions and a set of measures to prevent, mitigate and minimize the planned activities ...... 164 9.2 Environmental Management Plan ...... 165 9.3 Environmental Monitoring Plan ...... 198 9.4 Site-Specific Environmental Management Plans ...... 198 9.5 EMMP Cost ...... 1 9.6 Reporting requirements of the Contractor...... 2 10 CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS ...... 3 11 MAIN BIBLIOGRAPHICAL REFERENCES...... 4 Appendixes ...... 7 Appendix 1. Determination of the hazard category for business and other entities ...... 1 Appendix 2. Calculation of emissions, (Pollution Agents) PA discharges and waste generation ...... 1 Appendix 3. Public Participation Meeting Participant List and Minutes of Meetings ...... 1 Appendix 4. Environmental Screening Forms Filled by PIU Safeguard Specialist ...... 1 Appendix 5. IBAT Freshwater Report Kojo-Kaiyr ...... 1 Appendix 6. IBAT PS6 & ESS6 Report Kojo-Kaiyr ...... 1
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List of Figures
Figure 1 Illustration of Direct Impact Zone Number 1 ...... 19 Figure 2 Illustration of Direct Impact Zone Number 2 ...... 20 Figure 3 Illustration of Direct Impact Zone Number 3 ...... 21 Figure 4 Illustration of Direct Impact Zone Number 4 ...... 22 Figure 5 Illustration of Direct Impact Zone Number 5 ...... 23 Figure 6 Illustration of Indirect Impact Zone ...... 24 Figure 7: Central Office of the State Agency of Environmental Protection and Forestry ...... 35 Figure 8: Linear diagram of the Kojo-Kaiyr canal irrigation network ...... 43 Figure 9. Plan of Kojo-Kaiyr Canal and Components of the Project ...... 47 Figure 10 Kojo-Kaiyr Sector No. 1 Typical Cross Section ...... 49 Figure 11 Kojo-Kaiyr Sector No. 2 Typical Cross Section ...... 49 Figure 12 Kojo-Kaiyr Sector No. 3 Typical Cross Section ...... 50 Figure 13 Kojo-Kaiyr Sector No. 4 Typical Cross Section ...... 50 Figure 14 Kojo-Kaiyr Sector No. 5 Typical Cross Section ...... 51 Figure 15 Kojo-Kaiyr Canal - Status before Rehabilitation ...... 51 Figure 16 Kojo-Kaiyr Typical Cross Section of Rehabilitation of the canal sections ...... 52 Figure 17 Kojo-Kaiyr Typical Fence Fragment ...... 53 Figure 18. WUA location overview plan ...... 56 Figure 19. Kara-Dobo WUA straight-line scheme ...... 57 Figure 20. Isa-Mariyam WUA straight-line scheme ...... 58 Figure 21. Kojo-Kaiyr WUA straight-line scheme ...... 59 Figure 22 Time Schedule of Kojo-Kaiyr Subproject ...... 63 Figure 23: Climatic zones, valleys and areas of Kyrgyz Republic ...... 64 Figure 24: Time Series Schedule for Kojo-Kaiyr Canal ...... 65 Figure 25: Glyptosternum reticulatum McClelland ...... 69 Figure 26: Glyptosternum reticulatum McClelland ...... 70 Figure 27: Sub basin illustration of Project Location ...... 70 Figure 28: Kojo-Kaiyr. Stream-bank erosion section. HM221 ...... 73 Figure 29: Kojo-Kaiyr. Section of shore scree in the canal ...... 73 Figure 30: Central Asian turtle (Testudo (Agrionemys) horsfieldii) ...... 74 Figure 31: Syr-Daria Pheasant (Ph. Colchicus turcestanicus Lorenz 1896) ...... 76 Figure 32: Hystrix indica, Indian porcupin (Hystrix indica) ...... 76
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Figure 33: Schematic map of the rare species distribution, indicated as the Sub-Ferghana Kyrgyzstan (SF)...... 77 Figure 34: Map of the protected areas in Kyrgyzstan ...... 81 Figure 35: Displaying project location and buffers: 1 km, 10 km, 50 km ...... 81 Figure 36: Kadamjai Rayon on the map of Batken Oblast ...... 84 Figure 37 Illustration of Main Sensitive Environmental Receptors in Direct Impact Zone Number 1 ...... 86 Figure 38 Illustration of Main Sensitive Environmental Receptors in Direct Impact Zone Number 2 ...... 87 Figure 39 Illustration of Main Sensitive Environmental Receptors in Direct Impact Zone Number 3 ...... 90 Figure 40 Illustration of Main Sensitive Environmental Receptors in Direct Impact Zone Number 4 ...... 91 Figure 41 Illustration of Main Sensitive Environmental Receptors in Direct Impact Zone Number 5 ...... 92 Figure 42 Illustration of Main Sensitive Environmental Receptors in Indirect Impact Zone .. 93 Figure 43: Kojo-Kaiyr Aerial Image Source: Google Earth ...... 97 Figure 44: Soil microfauna and Soil mesofauna ...... 142 Figure 45:Soil macrofauna ...... 142 Figure 46: Settlement sources for disturbed areas ...... 143 Figure 47: Announcement of public hearings ...... 154 Figure 48: Screenshot of presentation on the EIA procedure ...... 155 Figure 49: Screenshot of the brochure on the Project and the EIA procedure ...... 156 Figure 50: Photos from public hearings ...... 157 Figure 51 Grievance Redress Procedure ...... 161
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List of Tables
Table 1. Eligibility criteria for irrigation systems to be selected as subprojects ...... 16 Table 2 Component Based Direct Environmental Impact Areas ...... 17 Table 3. Major legislation on environmental protection ...... 25 Table 4. Ambient Air Quality Standards (in mg/m3except as noted) ...... 31 Table 5. Norms for exhaust gases emissions of motor vehicles ...... 32 Table 6. Surface water quality standards for the most usual parameters...... 32 Table 7. Irrigation water quality standards ...... 33 Table 8. Acceptable noise levels ...... 34 Table 9: Kojo-Kaiyr Canal Key Data ...... 42 Table 10: The list of the facilities to be rehabilitated ...... 45 Table 11. List of Hydraulic Posts ...... 54 Table 12. Amount of work at on-farm canals (approximate) ...... 60 Table 13: Overall scope of work ...... 60 Table 14: Characteristic of the largest rivers in the South of Kyrgyzstan ...... 67 Table 15: Threatened species (CR+EN+VU) in subbasins and downstream basins of project location ...... 71 Table 16: Migratory species in subbasins and downstream basins of project location ...... 71 Table 17: Surface Water Resources at Syr-Darya River Basin ...... 72 Table 18: Plant Species ...... 74 Table 19: IUCN Red List of Threatened Species ...... 78 Table 20: Restricted Range Species ...... 78 Table 21: IUCN Red List of Vulnerable Species ...... 79 Table 22: Data on the protected areas of the Kyrgyz Republic in Batken oblast ...... 80 Table 23: Impact Screening Criteria ...... 98 Table 24. Environmental Impacts and mitigation measures related to Direct Impact Zone Number 1 ...... 100 Table 25. Environmental Impacts and mitigation measures related to Direct Impact Zone Number 2 ...... 109 Table 26. Environmental Impacts and mitigation measures related to Direct Impact Zone Number 3 ...... 116 Table 27. Environmental Impacts and mitigation measures related to Direct Impact Zone Number 4 ...... 123 Table 28. Environmental Impacts and mitigation measures related to Direct Impact Zone Number 5 ...... 132 Table 29: Environmental Impact Assessment Gradation for Air Quality ...... 140
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Table 30: Environmental Impact Assessment Gradation for Water Quality ...... 140 Table 31: Environmental Impact Assessment Gradation for Soil Quality ...... 141 Table 32: Environmental Impact Assessment Gradation for Fauna ...... 143 Table 33: Environmental Impact Assessment Gradation for Flora and Vegetation Cover .. 144 Table 34: Environmental Impact Assessment Gradation for Noise ...... 145 Table 35: Sanitary Standards for Vibration ...... 146 Table 36: Environmental Impact Assessment Gradation for Vibration ...... 146 Table 37: Overall Environmental Impact Assessment ...... 147 Table 38: Impacts on Socio-economy and its significance ...... 148 Table 39: Comprehensive assessment of environmental and economic consequences .... 149 Table 40: Grievance Redress Procedure ...... 162 Table 41: Environmental Management Plan related to Direct Impact Zone Number 1 (EMP) ...... 166 Table 42: Environmental Management Plan related to Direct Impact Zone Number 2 (EMP) ...... 173 Table 43: Environmental Management Plan related to Direct Impact Zone Number 3 (EMP) ...... 179 Table 44: Environmental Management Plan related to Direct Impact Zone Number 4 (EMP) ...... 185 Table 45: Environmental Management Plan related to Direct Impact Zone Number 5 (EMP) ...... 192 Table 46: Common monitoring requirements for all components of the subproject (construction period) ...... 199 Table 47: Cost of the mitigation measures ...... 2
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Abbreviations
ADB : Asian Development Bank ADF : Asian Development Fund AP : Affected Person BP : Bank Policies CC : Construction Contractor CFU : Colony Forming Unit CHA : Critical Habitat Area CME : Control and Measuring Equipment CO : Carbon Monoxide CR : Critical CWRD : Central and West Asia Department D : Decreasing DD : Data Deficit DDR : Disaster Risk Reduction DRM : Disaster Risk Management DS : Downstream DSW Domestic Solid Waste DO : Dissolved Oxygen EA : Executing Agency EARF : Environmental Assessment and Review Framework EC : European Community EECCA : Eastern European countries, Caucasus and Central Asia EIA : Environmental Impact Assessment EMP : Environmental Management Plan EMMP : Environmental Monitoring Plan EMR : Environmental Monitoring Report EMS : Environmental Management System EN : Endangered EOO : Extent of Occurrence ERP : Environmentally Responsible Procurement FS : Feasibility Study FW : Freshwater GBV Gender-Based Violence GKR : Government of Kyrgyz Republic GRG : Grievance Redress Group GRM : Grievance Redress Mechanism HC : Hazard Category Hydromet Kyrgyz Hydromet IBAT : Integrated Biodiversity Assessment Tool IEE : Initial Environmental Examination IFC : International Finance Corporation IUCN International Union for Conservation of Nature : Kyrgyzstan Climate Change and Disaster-Resilient Water Resources Sector KCCDRP Project KHM : Kyrgyz Hydromet KNMI : Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute KR : Kyrgyz Republic LARP : Land Acquisition and Resettlement Plan LC : Least Critical LC/LFP : Local Coordinator as a Local Focal Point LFP : Local Focal Point LSG : Local Self-Government LGB : Regional and District State Administrations LR/lc : Least Concern M : Marine MOA : Ministry of Agriculture, Water Management and Regional Development MOES : Ministry of Emergency Situations
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MMTS : Mott MacDonald and Temelsu MPC : Maximum permissible concentration OCR : Ordinary Capital Resources O&M : Operation and Maintenance OP : Operational Procedures OVOS : Russian acronym for “Assessment of Environmental Impacts” PA : Pollution agents PAM : Project Administration Manual PIC : Project Implementation Consultant PIO : Project Implementation Office (local level) PIU : Project Implementation Unit POL Petroleum, Oil and Lubricants PNA : Protected Natural Area PoW : Productivity of Water RDWR : Rayon directorate for water resources RSA : Rayon State Administrations : State Agency for Environment Protection and Forestry under the SAEPF Government of the Kyrgyz Republic SCC : Subproject Coordinating Committees SEA Sexual Exploitation and Abuse SEE : State Ecological Expertise SEMP : Site-Specific Environmental Management Plan SIETS : State Inspection on Ecological and Technical Safety SPS : Safeguard Policy Statement of June 2009 SPZ : Sanitary Protection Zone : State Agency for Water Resources under the Ministry of Agriculture, Water SAWR Management and Regional Development of the Kyrgyz Republic T : Terrestrial U : Unknown UN : United Nations UNECE : The United Nations Economic Commission for Europe UNFCCC United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change USA : United States of America VU : Vulnerable WDPA : World Database on Protected Areas WUA : Water User Association(s)
Weight and Measures ha - hectare hrs - hours m - meter m³ - cubic meters m² - square meter m³/s - cubic meters per second km - kilometer s - seconds
Currency Equivalents
Currency Unit (as at 25 February 2021) $1.00 = 84.61 Som (KGS) Notes (i) In this report, "$" refers to US dollars
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Executive Summary
1. Kyrgyz Republic is a country at high risk of impact from the adverse effects of climate change and extreme weather events. The population is vulnerable, as approximately 30% of the population lives below the national poverty line and over 65% live in rural areas dependent on agriculture income. Disasters triggered by natural hazards such as floods and earthquakes are frequent and estimated to cost Kyrgyz Republic approximately 1%–1.5% of the GDP annually. The water resources sector is particularly vulnerable: notable recent water-related disaster events include droughts in northern districts (2009 and 2014), landslides (2003 and 2004), and flooding (2007 and 2012) in southwest districts. 2. Climate change is likely to increase the frequency and magnitude of extreme weather events. Drought and associated water stress may occur more frequently as temperatures increase, precipitation, and snowmelt patterns change adversely, and water availability may decline in the face of growing competing demands. Landslides (including mudflows) and floods may become more frequent due to melting permafrost and more intense precipitation events. 3. Irrigation is critical for sustained agricultural production in Kyrgyz Republic. However, following the collapse of the Soviet Union, Kyrgyz Republic’s water resources infrastructure is decayed and inefficient and agricultural productivity is low, thereby offering insufficient protection and resilience to natural hazard events. In addition, the hydro-meteorological capacity for monitoring, analyzing, and forecasting weather events has suffered during the post-independence period due to lack of resources. The situation is likely to be further aggravated due to growing and competing water demand due to population and economic growth and increased demands among agriculture, domestic water supply, and industrial and energy sectors. 4. Consultations with government and civil society stakeholders have identified improvements to climate change and disaster resilience in the water resources sector as a priority area for climate change adaptation. In this context, ADB launched a transactional technical assistance to develop and prepare a proposed investment project to strengthen the resilience of the water resources sector to floods, landslides, and droughts in Kyrgyz Republic. The project was called “Climate Change and Disaster Resilient Water Resources Project”. The present Kojo-Kaiyr subproject is part of this project. 5. State Agency for Water Resources under the Ministry of Agriculture, Water Management and Regional Development of the Kyrgyz Republic is the Executing Agency (EA) for the project. A Project Implementation Unit (PIU) is established and report directly to the EA. 6. This Initial Environmental Examination (IEE) report fulfils the requirements given in the ADB’s Safeguard Policy Statement of June 2009 (SPS 2009) and the Kyrgyz Republic’s Law on Environmental Protection, 1999, and other relevant laws, regulations and requirements. IEE report has been prepared to evaluate environmental and social conditions of the Kojo-Kayr Canal Sub-Project of Climate Change and Disaster Resilient Water Resources Project. The IEE aims to (i) identify and assess potential impacts and risks from project implementation on the physical, biological, physical cultural and socio- economic environments of the project area, and (ii) recommend measures to avoid, mitigate and provide compensation for adverse impacts, while enhancing positive impacts.
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7. This IEE report identifies and assess potential impacts and risks from project implementation on the physical, biological, physical cultural and socio-economic environments of the project area, and recommend measures to avoid, mitigate and provide compensation for adverse impacts, for the Kojo-Kaiyr Subproject. 8. The Kojo-Kaiyr Main Canal is located in the Kadamjay Rayon of Batken Oblast. The canal was commissioned in 1965 and draws irrigation water from the Isfayram-Sai River to supply WUAs on the west bank. Kojo-Kaiyr Canal supplies water to the following three WUAs, which are ordered from upstream to downstream: Kara-Dobo 2,020 ha, Isa-Mariam 863 ha, Kojo-Kaiyr 2983 ha. 9. The main problem of the canal is the poor condition of the mudflow structure in the system, which impedes the smooth delivery of irrigation supplies to end users. Fourteen mudflow structures on the canal require rehabilitation works. Another issue is the poor condition of the canal lining between PK 20+25 to PK 30+25 and from PK127+02 to PK 137+02, which is increasing water losses in the system. 10. For irrigation modernization, the Lower Syr Darya River Basin and Chui River Basin have been prioritized by ADB. Both areas have high drought risk and moderate flood and mudflow risk. Syr Darya River Basin has the highest demand-side for needs and highest supply-side of the development potential in the country. Chuy River Basin is next with slightly lower demand-side need but similar supply-side development potential. Further, both areas are well connected to key markets in Bishkek and Osh and may command a higher price for agricultural production, thereby having the highest potential to diversify the existing cropping patterns towards the cultivation of high-value crops. 11. The project region located topographically in mid-heighted mountainous area and valleys. The climate in the region is in transitional zone from subtropical to temperate. Due to zonal differences in climatic, topographical and hydrological conditions, a peculiar altitudinal type of plant formations is formed within project area. The protected plant and fauna species do not exist in the project area. Presently the project area is under the pressure of anthropogenic impacts caused by irrigation. 12. The proposed project will strengthen climate change and disaster resilience in the water sector through: Modernized and well-maintained infrastructure; Enhanced agricultural management; Enhanced on-farm water management; and Improved data collection and analysis. 13. The environmental consequences of the proposed subproject components will include: - Low risk of loss of vegetation cover; - Minor risk of biodiversity loss; - Minor impact on landscape; - Low level nuisances to the neighborhood during the construction period (dust, atmospheric pollution, noise, traffic disturbances, etc.); - Low greenhouse gas emissions; - Low risk of exposure to health and safety risks. - Positive environmental and social impacts will include: - Increase the safety level of irrigation water supply; - Increase employment of local people; - Potential reduction in the cost of agricultural products, leading to an improved quality of life; - Potential reduction in the cost of irrigation, leading to increased competitiveness of farmers and entrepreneurs in the agricultural industry.
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14. The project includes civil works and equipment, institutional development and capacity building activities, and project management and implementation. Considering the environmental impacts that will be caused by rehabilitation of the Kojo-Kaiyr Canal are mitigable or could be decreased during construction, initial assessment of the project would impose a category B status for environment. 15. The supreme legislative instrument in the Kyrgyz Republic is the Constitution of the Kyrgyz Republic, 1993 (latest revision 2016), which establishes the principles of natural resource and environmental management, and through its legal framework, regulates between natural resource users and the state. The most relevant environmental legislation includes the Law on Environmental Protection, 1999, the Law on Ecological Expertise. 16. In relation to the Kojo-Kaiyr subproject, alternatives include (i) ‘No Project’ option; (ii) Construction of Kojo-Kaiyr Canal. The Preferred Option is identified as being the Construction of Kojo-Kaiyr Canal. That will improve the facility infrastructure, contribute into the sustainable development of the territory, and mitigate the risk of emergencies and environmental accidents. 17. Potential negative impacts are either avoidable through design and construction planning, or with proven and established mitigation measures. Significantly, it is noted that, the planned project activities are to be carried out on existing sites. The potential negative impacts identified could be effectively mitigated – are likely to be strongly positive relative to existing conditions. To ensure that the potential negative impacts do not materialize, or are minimized, a set of impact-specific mitigation measures are recommended to address negative impacts identified. These mitigation proposals are carried forward for inclusion into the Project’s Environmental Management Plan (EMP). 18. The EMP which is incorporated in this IEE, includes (i) mitigation measures for environmental impacts during design and implementation phases; (ii) an environmental monitoring program; (iii) responsible entities for mitigation, monitoring, and reporting; (iv) public consultation and information disclosure; and (v) a grievance redress mechanism. The EMP will be included in civil works bidding and contract documents. 19. During the construction phase, anticipated impacts on the physical and biological environment are temporary, localized and can be easily avoided or minimized with the implementation of mitigation and monitoring measures which are detailed in the EMP. The following are the anticipated impacts and corresponding mitigation measures during the construction phase of the project: 20. The hazard category for emissions and discharges of pollutants and wastes was calculated in accordance with the Law “General Technical Regulations for Ensuring Environmental Safety in the Kyrgyz Republic” (2012) for all work types carried out during the production operations, see Appendix 1 to this project. - Emission hazard category - III - Discharge hazard category - III - Waste hazard category - III - Atmosphere pollutant emission sources (unorganized) - 0. The expected total amount of pollutants emitted into the atmosphere during construction will be insignificant and will be 0.0 t per year. - Total water consumption is 00.0 m³. Water consumption for domestic needs is 42.11 m³. Sewage will be 42.11 m³. Non-recoverable losses will amount to 158.4 m³. Domestic wastewater is supposed to be discharged into existing sewerage networks.
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- General mass of solid waste during construction will be 0.0 tons or 16.8 m³. Production activities generate lower than hazard class 4 wastes. No industrial or toxic waste. Solid domestic waste will be disposed in accordance with an agreement with local utilities. - There are no disturbed lands to be reclaimed. Soil analysis is impractical since the area has historically been allotted for construction. - Natural habitat preservation and land use improvement is possible at the level of stability maintaining for the anthropogenically modified ecosystems. Animal world preservation is ensured by measures on localization of civil works, as well as maintenance works on facilities within the allotted land; maximum preservation of the natural structured landscape within the land allotted for construction; measures on atmospheric air and surface water protection, measures on protection against noise emission (using less noisy units, more effective sound insulation, etc.); lighting sites and facilities; restricting people and vehicle access to animal habitats. In general, facility construction and operation will not lead to a significant change in the natural landscape species populations, which are represented by ecologically adaptive species (changing their habitats for other areas), and will not significantly affect the natural landscape state. - Noise measurements should be carried out according to SanPiN “Noise at workplaces, in residential premises, public buildings and in residential areas” approved by the KR Government Resolution No. 201 dated April 11, 2016. Vibration level measurements should be carried out according to (SN 2.2.4/ 2.1.8.566-96 “Industrial vibration and vibration in the residential and public premises”). Power will be supplied from existing transformer substations. There are no sources of infra- and ultrasonic vibrations, and ionizing radiation. - There are no cultural, historical and architectural sites in the rehabilitation area. The projected site doesn’t require additional researches since archaeological surveys were carried out during the Soviet period and archaeological sites and finds were registered and included in the State Protected Zone. Protected areas and valuable natural complexes: natural reservoirs, natural sites of historical, aesthetic, scientific and cultural value are absent in proximity to the plot territory. - During the operational phase of the project, all facilities and infrastructure will operate with routine maintenance, which should not affect the environment. 21. The stakeholder consultation and involvement meeting has been realized on 12/November/2020 at Masalievsky village hall. 22. The project will establish and implement a GRM in order to receive and facilitate the evaluation and resolution of affected peoples’ concerns, complaints, and grievances regarding the project’s environmental performance. When and where the need arises, this mechanism will be utilized to address complaints that may arise during the implementation of the project. The proposed GRM addresses affected people's concerns and complaints promptly, utilizing an understandable and transparent process that is gender responsive, culturally appropriate, and readily accessible to all segments of the affected people at no costs and without retribution. 23. Major Findings of the IEE are summarized as follows: - Based on the existing conditions at the project sites, and the impacts and threats that these conditions pose to public health, environmental quality, and the development prospects of Kadamjay Raion in Batken Oblast, there is a demonstrated and crucial need for the project.
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- The impacts anticipated to arise from Project activities are strongly positive, since the negative impacts that are expected to arise are mostly short-term in nature, and all impacts are readily manageable using available, well-tested mitigation measures. - This IEE concludes that the Project has a well-supported rationale, strong public support, few downside impacts, and an opportunity to make a positive difference to the environmental quality of the Kojo- Kaiyr Canal and to the health and socioeconomic development prospects of the people who live there. It is therefore recommended that the Project, based on the Preferred Alternative identified in this report and including the EMP, is put forward for implementation.
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1 INTRODUCTION
1.1 Overview
24. The Kyrgyz Republic is a country with a high risk of influencing climate change and adverse weather events. After the collapse of the Soviet Union, the water infrastructure of the Kyrgyz Republic was degraded and inefficient, and agricultural productivity was low, which provided insufficient protection and resilience to natural disasters. Consultations with government and civil society stakeholders have identified climate improvement and resilience in the water sector as a priority for climate change adaptation. Therefore, ADB launched operational technical assistance for the development and preparation of an investment project proposed to strengthen the stability of the water sector of the Kyrgyz Republic to floods, landslides and droughts. The project was called "resistance and reducing the risk of disasters in water management." The current subproject "Right-Branch" is part of this project. The project was called “Climate Resilience and Disaster Risk Reduction in Water Resources Management”. The present Kojo-Kaiyr subproject is part of this project.
1.2 Identification of the Project and Project Proponents
25. It has been expected that the proposed project will strengthen the resilience of the water resources sector to floods, landslides, and droughts. The project will cover both structural and non-structural activities. The main outputs of the project are: - Output 1: Irrigation infrastructure protected and modernized; - Output 2: Irrigation system and agricultural management enhanced; - Output 3: National disaster risk management capacity improved; and 26. The Kyrgyz Republic is the borrower and the State Agency for Water Resources under the Ministry of Agriculture, Water Management and Regional Development of the Kyrgyz Republic (SAWR) is the executing agency. There will be two implementing agencies: SAWR, responsible for the activities related to irrigation systems and agriculture (Output 1 and Output 2); and Ministry of Emergency Situations (MoES) responsible for the activities related to protective infrastructure, monitoring, and analysis (Output 3). 27. The Project will be financed through a concessional OCR loan (Loan Number 3746- KGZ-(COL)) and ADF DRR Funding Grant (Grant Number 0632-KGZ(SF)). Its financing amount will be through the loan US$ 21.80 million and the grant US$ 16.80 million. Loan Agreement and Grant Agreement has been signed on 31/December/2018. 28. The Kyrgyzstan Climate Change and Disaster-Resilient Water Resources Sector Project (KCCDRP), hereinafter as “Project”, is developed to mitigate with the significant threats posed by climate change on the irrigation infrastructure of Kyrgyzstan. The project will improve the climate change and disaster resilience of the water sector through: modernized and well-maintained infrastructure, enhanced agricultural and on- farm water management, and improved disaster risk management. 29. The project activities cover be both structural and non-structural ones. The activities will focus on the Lower Syr Darya and Chui river basin, which are vulnerable to the flooding, landslides (including mudflows), and drought risks that are likely to be exacerbated by climate change.
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30. A Joint Venture between Mott MacDonald and Temelsu (MMTS) submitted a Technical and Financial Proposal on 25th July 2019 to become the Project Implementation Consultant (PIC) for KCCDRP. Through a Quality- and Cost-Based Selection (QCBS) process, the proposals submitted by MMTS were scored the highest marks compared to other bidders. Negotiations took place in November 2019 in Bishkek between the PIU and MMTS. The Agreement was then signed on 10th December 2019 for MMTS to undertake the role of PIC for KCCDRP. Under the Agreement signed on 10th December 2019, the PIC will support SAWR, MOES and the established PIU to manage project implementation. 31. According to Project Administration Manual (PAM) to be eligible to be selected, the subproject is required to meet the following criteria (See Table 1), which is consistent with also Environmental Assessment and Review Framework (EARF) of the Project. Table 1. Eligibility criteria for irrigation systems to be selected as subprojects Criterion Passing Standard Kojo-Kaiyr Subproject Environmental Expected environment B or C only. Minimal Safeguard is B. and social safeguards resettlement impacts. Avoid Social Safeguard is C categorization land acquisition. No land acquisition is required. Expected economic >9% economic internal rate of 60% economic internal viability b return. rate of return No new land to be No new land for irrigation, no irrigated. No new Existing structure new systems. irrigation system will be introduced. No cross-country No cross-country System boundary transboundary systems. transboundary systems. Maximum cumulative Gravity-fed system <30 m lift (or gravity-fed). water pumping height Diversion capacity at 1.58 l s-1 ha-1 >1.5 l s-1 ha-1 headworks Within easy access of Bishkek 2 hours 15 minutes to Accessibility or Osh city Osh Lower Syr Darya and Chui Lower Syr-Darya Basin River basin river basin d Service area of 5 669 ha >3000 ha beneficiary (sub-) system
32. The Kojo-Kaiyr canal was selected from list due to the following criteria: 1. Taking into consideration the fact that at the inception stage specialists of the consulting company hired by ADB for project rejected canal Kulunda, so in Batken oblast only Kojo- Kaiyr canal remained in the list proposed by SAWR (DWR). As indicated at the table Table 1. The Kojo-Kaiyr canal complies with all selection criteria indicated in the PAM and EARF. 2. The Kojo-Kaiyr canal is vulnerable to climate change and disasters, because the canal passes along the mountain slope and has on its route numerous mudflow check structures and exposed to filtration.
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1.3 Purpose of the Report
33. This report assesses environmental impacts of the Kojo-Kaiyr Canal subproject according to the EARF of the Project which has been disclosed October 2018. EARF provides guidance on subproject selection, screening and categorization, information disclosure and consultation, assessment, planning, institutional arrangement, and processes to be followed in the formulation and implementation of subprojects during project implementation. 34. The required data are collected during the Feasibility Study stage of Kojo-Kaiyr Subproject confirms subproject eligibility as indicated at paragraph 32. FS also includes irrigation system diagnostics and productivity of water (PoW) calculations in accordance with ADB requirements. 35. This draft IEE addresses the Kojo-Kaiyr Main Canal. The canal is located in the Kadamjay Rayon of Batken Oblast.
1.4 Boundaries of the IEE
36. The boundaries of the IEE study have the direct and indirect zones. The direct impact zone includes investigation of any important ecosystem components (fauna and flora) and physico-chemical features as well as existing human activities. The indirect impact zone includes areas or activities relatively far away from the project site, but do have an indirect influence on the proposed project or vice versa. 37. The direct impact zones of the Kojo-Kaiyr Subproject are delineated with the construction site and adjacent areas for assessment and management of construction impacts on the base of project components. The project components and their direct impact zone number are given at the Table 2. The component’s direct impact zones have been merged if they are close to each other or their type of construction. Table 2 Component Based Direct Environmental Impact Areas Component Direct Impact Component Name and Explanation No Zone Number 1 Rehabilitation of winter discharge at the head water 5 intake structure at the Isfayram-Sai River 2 Sector 1. Rehabilitation of the canal 1 from HM 20+00 (20+00) to HM 63+80 (62+20). 3 Sector 2. Rehabilitation of the canal 1 from HM 67+05 (65+60) to HM 72+75 (71+30). 4 Sector 3. Rehabilitation of the canal 1 from HM 93+50 (89+90) to HM 94+20 (90+60). 5 Sector 4. Rehabilitation of the banked earth canal 1 from HM 112+68 to HM 116+83. 6 Sector 5. Rehabilitation of the canal 4 from HM 222+50 to HM 233+42 7 Reconstruction of a chute at HM 168+50 (182+50) 5 8 Rehabilitation of the canal section at mudflow crossing 5 structures (19 sections) 9 Dejection protection of the canal at hillsides from HM 181+33 to HM 188+03; 3 and 4 from HM 188+73 to HM 193+23; from HM 209+43 to HM 221+03.
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Component Direct Impact Component Name and Explanation No Zone Number 10 Protective fencing construction from HM 72+75 (71+30) to HM 88+35 (85+30); 1 from HM 98+00 (93+90) to HM 105+00 (115+10). 11 Construction of a mudflow storage reservoir at Ravine13 2 12 Hydroposts with measuring instrument 5
38. The direct impact zone Number 1 of Kojo-Kaiyr is actually a merged direct impact zone of the construction activity Kojo-Kaiyr Canal Component Number of 2, 3, 4, 5, and 10. These construction activities are (i) Sector 1. Rehabilitation of the canal; (ii) Sector 2. Rehabilitation of the canal ; (iii) Sector 3. Rehabilitation of the canal, (iv) Sector 4. Rehabilitation of the banked earth canal; (v) Protective fencing construction. The canal rehabilitation site and protective fencing construction site have been delineated with 50 m of buffer zone. Then these buffer zones have been merged and formed the Direct Impact Zone Number 1. (See Figure 1). 39. The direct impact zone Number 2 includes construction of a mudflow storage reservoir at Ravine13. The construction of a mudflow storage reservoir site has been delineated with 50 m of buffer zone which formed the Direct Impact Zone Number 2. (See Figure 2). 40. The direct impact zone Number 3 includes two sites of dejection protection of the canal at hillsides from HM 181+33 to HM 188+03; and from HM 188+73 to HM 193+23. The construction sites have been delineated with 50 m of buffer zone and merged to form the Direct Impact Zone Number 3. (See Figure 3). 41. The direct impact zone Number 4 includes one site of dejection protection of the canal at hillsides from HM 209+43 to HM 221+03; and Sector 5. Rehabilitation of the canal. The construction sites have been delineated with 50 m of buffer zone and merged to form the Direct Impact Zone Number 4. (See Figure 4). 42. The direct impact zone Number 5 of Kojo-Kaiyr is actually a combination of direct impact zone of the construction activity Kojo-Kaiyr Canal Component Number of 1, 7, 8, and 12. These construction activities are (i) Rehabilitation of winter discharge at the head water intake structure at the Isfayram-Sai River; (ii) Reconstruction of a chute at HM 168+50 (182+50); and (iii) Rehabilitation of the canal section at mudflow crossing structures (19 sections); (iv) Hydroposts with measuring instrument. Each component located under this item has been delineated by a buffer of approximately 50 m from the real construction and/or rehabilitation site. Since these sites are not coinciding with each other they are considered to form an independent impact area per separate spot construction sites. Since they had similar characteristics, they have combined under the direct impact zone number 5. (See Figure 5). 43. The indirect impact zone includes irrigation areas, canals related to Kojo-Kaiyr and Isfayram Sai river makes border of the irrigation area. The north border of the indirect has been formed by the Uzbekistan border. Potential quarry and/or deposit sites and adjacent areas for assessment and management of quarrying/deposit impacts have been included in this area. The indirect impact zone has been illustrated in Figure 6.
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Figure 1 Illustration of Direct Impact Zone Number 1
Construction Area Source: Esri, 2021 Direct Impact Zone
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Figure 2 Illustration of Direct Impact Zone Number 2
Construction Area Source: Esri, 2021 Direct Impact Zone
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Figure 3 Illustration of Direct Impact Zone Number 3
Construction Area Source: Esri, 2021 Direct Impact Zone
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Figure 4 Illustration of Direct Impact Zone Number 4
Construction Area Source: Esri, 2021 Direct Impact Zone
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Figure 5 Illustration of Direct Impact Zone Number 5
Construction Area Source: Esri, 2021 Direct Impact Zone
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Figure 6 Illustration of Indirect Impact Zone
Construction Area Source: Esri, 2021 Indirect Impact Zone
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2 POLICY, LEGAL, AND ADMINISTRATIVE FRAMEWORK
2.1 National and Local Legal and Institutional Framework
2.1.1 Environmental Protection Law and Policy
44. The legal basis for environmental assessments in the Kyrgyz Republic is formed by the Law on Environmental Protection (1999), Law on Ecological Expertise (State Environmental Review (1999), Instruction on Procedures of State Environmental Expertise for Pre-Project, Project and other Materials in Kyrgyz Republic (1997), and Instruction on Environmental Impact Assessment Performance Procedures in the Kyrgyz Republic (1997) and other normative documents. The Kyrgyz Republic acceded to the Aarhus Convention on Public Participation and the Espoo Convention on EIA in a Transboundary Context. The relevant environmental legislation of the Kyrgyz Republic is summarized in Table 3. Table 3. Major legislation on environmental protection Passed Legislation (Amended) Purpose / Content Year Constitution of 2010 The land, its resources, airspace, waters, forests, Kyrgyz Republic flora and fauna, as well as other natural resources shall be the exclusive property of the Kyrgyz Republic; these shall be used for preserving a unified environmental system as the basis of life and activity of the people of Kyrgyzstan and shall enjoy special protection from the State. Law on 1999 (2002, The general legal framework for comprehensive Environmental 2003, 2004, environmental protection and for the use of them, Protection 2005, 2009, including environmental standards setting, legal 2013, 2014, regime of specially protected area, rules and 2015, 2016) procedures for the use, etc. Law and General 2009 It establishes the basic principles of Technical (2012) environmental policy and determines global, Regulations on national and local environmental issues; priorities Ensuring in the field of environmental protection at the Environmental national level as well as tools to ensure Safety in the KR environmental safety Law on Specially 1994 Regulates the organization, protection and use of Protected Natural (2011, 2015) biosphere reserves; national parks; other Territories protected areas with unique natural areas, flora or fauna or cultural heritage values; and protected areas for recreational use
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Passed Legislation (Amended) Purpose / Content Year Law on Biosphere 1999 Sets out legal standards for biosphere reserves, Territories in the with the goal of preservation, restoration and use Kyrgyz Republic of areas rich in natural and cultural heritage, and supporting long-term sustainable economic and social development, including recreation, restoration of natural resources, long-term ecological control, monitoring and education. Resolution on 2016 It has been applied to the placement, design, Sanitary and construction and operation of newly built, Epidemiological reconstructed and operating industrial facilities Rules and and industries, transport, communications, Standards "Sanitary agriculture, energy, experimental production Protection Zones facilities, utility facilities, sports, trade, public and Sanitary catering, etc., which are sources of impact on the Classification of environment and human health. Sources of Enterprises, impact on the environment and human health are Structures and objects for which the levels of generated pollution Other Facilities outside the industrial site exceed 0.1 maximum permissible concentrations and / or maximum permissible levels. Rules on Protection 2016 Provides the legislative framework for defining, of Surface Waters specifying standards for the quality of water (2017) of the Kyrgyz bodies used for fisheries and irrigation and Republic enforcing regulations regarding discharges to water bodies, among other things. Law on the 1999 (2003, Ambient air standard and air quality management Protection of 2005, 2013, Ambient Air 2015, 2016) Law on state 2007 This Law defines the foundations of state regulation and (2016) regulation, the procedure for activities, rights, policy in the field of obligations and responsibilities of state bodies, emission and local authorities, individuals and legal entities in absorption of the field of emission and absorption of greenhouse gases greenhouse gases in the territory of the Kyrgyz Republic. Water Code of KR 2005 Establishes a unified legal base regulating the (2019) use, protection and development of water resources to ensure sufficient and safe supply and environmental preservation.
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Passed Legislation (Amended) Purpose / Content Year Forest Code 1999 (2003, This Code establishes the legal basis for the 2005, 2007, rational use, protection, protection and 2012, 2013, reproduction of forests, increasing their 2014, 2015, ecological and resource potential, and their 2016) rational use. Environmental 1999 About the use of public ecological expertise of Expertise Law (2003, 2007, EIA. Provides the legislative framework for the 2015) State Agency for Environment Protection and Forestry under the Government of the Kyrgyz Republic (SAEPF) to undertake state expertise review and approval of EIAs. Defines (in general) projects requiring environmental assessment and state expertise review. Law on the 2001 Regulates the use, protection, and reproduction Protection and Use (2003, 2007, of flora. Key tenets include preservation of of the Flora 2009, 2010, biodiversity and growth of wild plants and 2016) ecosystems; restoration and preservation of rare, endangered, and endemic species; and use and restoration of natural vegetation resources based on scientific principles. Law on Fisheries 1997 Determine the preservation of fish resources and their habitats, regulation of fishing, organization (1998, 2008, and management of fishing and capture of 2013) aquatic invertebrates in water bodies Law on Mountain 2002 (2003, About sustainable development of mountain Areas in Kyrgyz 2012, 2016) areas, conservation and management of natural Republic resources, historical, cultural and architectural heritage Law on Waste 2001 This Law regulates relations arising in the Production and process of formation, collection, storage, use, Consumption disposal, transportation and disposal of production and consumption waste (hereinafter referred to as waste), as well as government administration, supervision and control in the field of waste management.
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Passed Legislation (Amended) Purpose / Content Year Resolution on 2016 It establishes sanitary - epidemiological Sanitary Rules and requirements, standardized parameters and Regulations "Noise maximum permissible noise levels at workplaces, at Workplaces, in noise classification, permissible noise levels in Premises of the premises of designed, built, reconstructed Residential, Public and operated residential, public buildings and on Buildings and on the territory of residential development. the Territory of Residential Development Resolution on 2015 Law fixes the rates of payment for environmental Approval of Rates pollution: of Payment for - for air emissions in the amount of 3.24 KGS per Environmental ton of pollutants; Pollution in the KR - for the discharge of pollutants with wastewater into the environment in the amount of 10.5 KGS per ton of pollutants; - for the placement of waste and mining dumps in the environment in the amount of 3.24 KGS per ton of waste and dumps. KR Land Code 1999 (2000- The Code regulates land relationships in KR; 2016) grounds to emerge, exercise and terminate right to land and their registration, and aimed at introduction of land market relations for state, municipal and private property and rational land use and its protection. Rules for the 2016 It regulates the protection of surface waters from Protection of pollution, contamination and depletion, when Surface Waters of water users carry out various types of economic the KR activities that have or may have an adverse effect on the state of surface waters, regardless of their organizational and legal forms, and also regulate the procedure for the implementation of measures for the protection of surface waters. Drinking Water 2011 Regulates drinking water availability and its Safety Law of the quality. KR
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Passed Legislation (Amended) Purpose / Content Year KR Law on 2016 This Law defines the legal, economic and social Industrial safety of foundations for ensuring the safe operation of hazardous hazardous production facilities and is aimed at production facilities preventing accidents at hazardous production facilities and ensuring the readiness of legal entities and individual entrepreneurs operating hazardous production facilities to localize and eliminate the consequences of these accidents. KR Law on access 2006 The objectives of this Law are to ensure the to information held (2013, 2014, implementation and protection of the right to by state bodies and 2016) access information held by state bodies and local local self- self-government bodies, and to achieve government bodies maximum information openness, publicity and of the Kyrgyz transparency in the activities of state bodies and Republic local self-government bodies. Law of KR on the 2012 This Law regulates relations in the field of soil protection of soil (2016) protection, fertility, quality preservation and fertility of protection from degradation and other negative agricultural lands phenomena associated with the ownership, use, disposal of agricultural land. KR Law on 2000 Objectives of this Law: 1) emergencies Protection of prevention; 2) reduce the size of loss and Population and damage; 3) emergencies liquidation. The term Territories from “emergency” defines “hazardous natural or Natural and technogenic event, disaster or catastrophe which Technogenic may result in casualties, damage to public health Disasters or environment, gross material loss and disruption of functions”. Law on Protection 1999 Establishes a system for protecting items of local, and Use of Historic (2014, 2015, state and international historical or cultural Cultural Heritage 2017) importance. Includes definitions of key terms and types of protected objects.
45. The State Agency for Environmental Protection and Forestry (SAEPF) is the key authorized institution responsible for the establishment and implementation of environmental policy in Kyrgyz Republic. The Department of the State Environmental Review under the SAEPF is responsible for reviewing environmental assessment documents for projects of national significance. 46. Other major stakeholders – State and municipal organs, responsible for environmental assessment, are: (i) Ministry of Health (safety and health, drinking water quality, noise and vibrations); (ii) Ministry of Emergency Situations (natural hazards), and its subsidiary agency Kyrgyz Hydromet (KHM, or Hydromet), responsible for ambient air and water quality
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monitoring; (iii) Ministry of Agriculture, Water Management and Regional Development (land use of agricultural lands and pastures); (iv) State Agency on Geology and Mineral Resources under the GKR (certificates and licenses to inert materials reserves); (v) State Inspection for Ecological and Technical Safety under the GKR (State environmental control); (vi) Rayon State Administrations (RSA) on the issues of resettlement and land acquisition, public hearings, information disclosure etc.). (vii) Organs of Local Self-Governance (OLSG) – Aiyl Okmotu (social issues, allocation of lands for stockpiles, asphalt plants, construction camps, etc.). 47. More information about the institutional framework is provided in section II.A.4. 48. The EA system in KR is based on two subsystems: (i) OVOS (the Russian acronym for “Assessment of Environmental Impacts”), and (ii) Ecological Expertise (State Environmental Review, SER). A screening procedure based on screening lists identifies whether a project is the subject to environmental assessment. In case it is required, a Consultant hired by the Project Proponent conducts the OVOS. After presentation of an Environmental Impact Statement (EIS) for public consultation, the EIS is revised based on the feedback from the public. Then the EIS report and a Statement of Environmental Consequences along with other supporting documentation is submitted to a State Expert Commission for the State Environmental Review (SER). The project may be approved, rejected, or sent for re-examination. 49. Public consultation should occur at stage of the OVOS and may be also initiated in parallel to the SER as Public Environmental Review (PER). The implementation of any project is permitted only in case of its approval by the SER. The PER duration depends on the complexity of the project, but should not exceed 3 months after submission of all the OVOS documents and making payment to the SER by the Project Proponent. A formal written notification of local authorities and public notification through the media are transmitted at least one month in advance. A quorum is needed to ensure the representativeness of the presidium.
2.1.2 Project Status Regarding Environmental Regulations
50. Appendix 1 of the law of 8 May 2009 on environmental protection provides the list of economic activities subject to mandatory environmental assessment. The Kojo-Kaiyr subproject is subject to environmental assessment with respect to the following items: 5. Agriculture and forestry: 1) projects of intensification of agriculture; 3) water management projects for agricultural purposes; 4) land reclamation projects with a view to changing the type of land use; 16) Water supply systems in populated areas, irrigation and drainage systems. 51. It is understood that “rehabilitation/upgrading” projects like Kojo-Kaiyr subproject are subject to environmental assessment in the same way as “creation” projects. Hence, according to the Regulation on EIA of the Kyrgyz Republic, the Kojo-Kaiyr subproject can be classified as “facilities/sites subject to state environmental assessment as planned activity - design, construction, reconstruction, expansion (broadening), technical re-equipment, modernization ...” likely to have a negative impact on the environment.
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52. As per Appendix 2 of the regulation on the procedure for environmental impact of 13 February 2015, the contents of the Environmental Impact Statement are as follows: (i) Requisites of the initiator of the project and the executor of works on environmental impact assessment. (ii) Rationale for the need to organize the planned activities. (iii) Description of the characteristics of the proposed activity and possible alternatives. (iv) Analysis of the claimed technologies for compliance with the best available (available) technologies and technical specific standards. (v) Assessment of the existing state of the environment by components, including assessment of the historical, cultural value of the territory and its socio- economic status. (vi) Assessment of identified impacts. (vii) Forecast of changes in the environment and socio-economic conditions in the implementation of the planned activities. (viii) Basic decisions on measures to reduce, mitigate or prevent negative impacts, assess their effectiveness and implement opportunities. (ix) The results of the comparison of the expected environmental and related social and economic consequences of the alternatives under consideration, including the option to abandon the activities. (x) Proposals for the environmental monitoring program. (xi) Interaction with the public. (xii) Assessment of the admissibility of the proposed impact.
2.1.3 Other Legislation and Standards
2.1.3.1 Air Quality and Vehicle Emissions 53. Air pollution levels in KR are a concern mainly in urban areas. In Bishkek, 90% of all emissions are related to road transport. The air quality at locations away from the towns is expected to be much better. Ambient air quality regulatory responsibility and monitoring of air quality in Kyrgyzstan rests with the Kyrgyz Hydromet (KHM) under the Ministry of Emergencies. Air quality monitoring stations are largely located in populated areas close to sources of pollution: Bishkek, Osh, Tokmak, Kara-Balta, and Cholpon- Ata. 54. Ambient air quality standards are shown in Table 4 Impact monitoring for atmospheric pollution is carried out by the Department of Ecological Monitoring under SAEPF. Table 4. Ambient Air Quality Standards (in mg/m3except as noted) Maximum Average Daily Pollutant Permissible Hazard Class Concentration Concentration Total Suspended Solids (TSS) 0.15 0.05 3
Sulfur dioxide (SO2) 0.5 0.05 3 Carbon monoxide (CO) 5 3 4
Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) 0.085 0.04 2 Nitrogen oxide (NO) 0.40 0.06 3 Tetraethyl lead 0.0001 0.00004 1 Source: Hygiene norms GН 2.1.б.1338-03 of the Kyrgyz Republic
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55. The norms of emission in exhaust gases of motor vehicles are in Table 5. Table 5. Norms for exhaust gases emissions of motor vehicles MPC for carbons, 1/100.000.000 of volume-1 Rpm MPC for CO content for engines (number of cylinders) Less than 4 More than 4 Nmin X.X 1.5 1200 3000 Nincr X.X 2.0 600 1000 0.8Nnom X.X Source: Instruction for the state control of air emissions of polluting substances by automobile facilities in the Kyrgyz Republic. 56. National standards for emission measurements: • GOST 17.2.2.03-87 defines the contents of carbon oxide (CO), hydrocarbons in burnt gases of vehicles with gasoline engines, “Safety Requirements” • GOST 21393-75 covers black smoke of burnt gases of vehicles with diesel engines. Norms and methods of measurements. Safety Requirements. 57. GOST 17.2.2.03-87 determines the content of carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrocarbons in the exhaust gases of vehicles with gasoline engines, and GOST 21393-75 –the opacity of exhaust gases of diesel cars. 2.1.3.2 Water quality 58. Surface water quality standards for the most usual parameters are shown Table 6, based on the Kyrgyz Water Law of 1994. Let us note that the admissible values for more than 1,200 parameters are specified in this law. Table 6. Surface water quality standards for the most usual parameters Parameter Admissible values pH 6-9 Dissolved oxygen (DO mg/l) > 4 Sulfate (S mg/l) < 250 Ammonium nitrogen (NH4-NO3 mg/l) < 3.3 Oil and grease < 0.05
59. For the rivers of the subproject study area, there does not exist any specific norms of water quality based on the requirements to protect the indicator species. In this regard, it does not seem feasible to design mitigation measures specific to subproject by using the approach MPC measurements or aggregate pollutants load. 60. Kyrgyz Republic Standards for irrigation water quality Indicators characterizing the content of substances and chemical elements necessary for the normal growth and development of crops and the functioning of the ameliorative system (Group I) are shown in Table 7.
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Table 7. Irrigation water quality standards № Characteristics Unit Optimal range Allowed value 1 Hydrogen pH -log[H+] 6.5-8.0 6.5-8.4 2 Temperature °C 15-30 15-35 3 Mineralization mg/L 200-500 1000 4 Hydrocarbonates -//- 50-250 300 5 Carbonates -//- non-availability 6.0 6 Sulphates (anion) -//- 30-300 500 7 Chlorides (anion) -//- 10-200 250 8 Sodium -//- 10-100 150 9 Calcium -//- 50-200 300 10 Magnesium -//- 20-100 150 11 Potassium -//- 10-20 30 12 Phosphates -//- 5-10 10 13 Nitrates -//- 30-40 45 14 Nitrite -//- 0.2-0.3 0.5 15 Ammonium -//- 0-0.1 0.1 16 Iron total -//- 1.0-2.0 2.0 17 Zinc -//- 0.1-1.0 1.0 18 Copper -//- 0.5-1.0 1.0 19 Boron -//- 0.5-1.0 1.0 20 Fluorine -//- 0.7-1.0 1.5 21 Manganese common -//- 0.1 0.1 22 Cobalt -//- 0.1 0.2 23 Molybdenum -//- 0.2 0.5 25 E. coli. CFU / 100 mL <1,000 Note that the microbiological indicator organisms, fecal coliforms and total coliforms are not currently used. However, E coli is specified by the Law on Water, No. 1422- XII of 1994 as shown. 2.1.3.3 Noise 61. Levels of acceptable noise levels are consistent with ADB guidelines. Kyrgyz noise standards are in Table 8.
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Table 8. Acceptable noise levels Description of Activity / Category Leq Lmax Day = 45 Day = 60 Areas immediately adjacent to hospitals and sanatoriums Night = 35 Night = 50
Areas immediately adjacent to dwellings, polyclinics, dispensaries, Day = 55 Day = 70 rest homes, holiday hotels, schools, etc. Night = 45 Night = 60 Day = 60 Day = 75 Areas immediately adjacent hotels and dormitories Night = 50 Night = 65 Recreational areas in hospitals and sanatoriums 35 50
Rest areas at the territories of micro-districts and building estates, 45 60 rest houses, sanatoriums, schools, homes for the aged, etc.
Source: Collection of important official materials on sanitary and antiepidemic issues, Volume 2, Part 1, Informative publishing center of State Epidemiological Surveillance Committee, Russian Federation 1994
2.1.4 Institutional Framework
62. The main agencies involved in the management of natural resources and environment protection in the KR are listed here. 2.1.4.1 State Agency for Environment Protection and Forestry (SAEPF) 63. SAEPF is the principal agency involved in environment protection in the KR. SAEPF is responsible for the environment protection policy, regulation and coordination, expertise and issuance of licenses and permits. SAEPF has territorial agencies distributed over the country territory. Its functions are: (i) Administrative activity, coordination of subordinated structures – regional and territorial offices; (ii) Ecological policy drafting and its implementation; (iii) Services on ecological information; (iv) Drafting policy to develop forestry and gaming activity; (v) Environmental monitoring; (vi) State environmental expertise; (vii) Issuance of ecological licenses; (viii) International cooperation. The structure of this agency is presented below:
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Figure 7: Central Office of the State Agency of Environmental Protection and Forestry
Source: USAID, 2013 2.1.4.2 Ministry of Agriculture, Water Management and Regional Development (MOA) 64. Ministry of Agriculture, Water Management and Regional Development (MOA) of the Kyrgyz Republic is an authorized state executive body that implements the state policy in the field of agriculture, including livestock, fish farming, crop production, plant quarantine, land reclamation, soil fertility, land, water resources, irrigation and land reclamation infrastructure, food and processing industry, as well as state regulation and control over production and marketing of ethyl alcohol and alcohol products. The purpose of the MOA is to ensure food security, the development of agricultural production and food industry. 2.1.4.3 State Inspection on Ecological and Technical Safety 65. The State Inspection for Ecological and Technical Safety ensures public supervision and control in the area of environmental and technical safety. The objectives of State Inspection for Ecological and Technical Safety are as follows: (i) Public supervision and control over observance of regulations and requirements and technical rules for mechanical, seismic, fire, environmental, water, industrial,
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energy, biological, chemical and radiation safety of products (sites) and/or associated production processes, construction, installation, adjustment, operation, storage, transportation, use, selling, disposal, and utilization; (ii) Control over observance of citizen’s labor rights and labor safety requirements; (iii) Enforcement of obligations emanating from international treaties within the scope of its jurisdiction; (iv) Protection of the interests of the government and all actors of civil land relations based on the effective land law. 2.1.4.4 District Level Authorities 66. The KR is divided into 7 oblasts (provinces), which encompass 40 rayons (districts). Each rayon has its own government administration and is responsible for creating development plans for its area. Due to the economic and social situation in the country, all development plans are focused on social and economic aspects, and only rarely mention ecological aspects that might be related to environment protection. 2.1.4.5 Self-Governance Authorities 67. In KR, the smallest administrative unit is Aiyl Okmot (village self-governance). KR has 459 Aiyl Okmot, and only a few of them that are located in natural areas, depend on natural resources, and have a plan for environment protection. Although many other of the Aiyl Okmoty may mention environmental issues in their plan, these are not acted upon. 2.1.4.6 Local User Groups 68. Rural residents in KR depend heavily on the use of natural resources, and the GKR, recognizing this, has adopted laws that support self-organized, local-level, self- management groups for key resources. Each village has a Pasture Committee and a Water Users Association, both with some relation to environment protection concerns. There is growing evidence that these groups are better managers of their resources than higher government agencies.
2.2 International Agreements Relevant to the Project
69. The Kyrgyz Republic is getting more actively involved in the world community activity aimed at restraining global environmental threats including the process of the unification efforts of states. The country has ratified the following international Conventions related to environmental management: (i) Basel Conventions on the Control of Transboundary Movement of Hazardous Wastes and Their Disposal, 1996 (ii) Convention of Biological Diversity (CBD), 1996 (iii) Convention of Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution, 2000 (iv) UN framework Convention on Climate change (UNFCCC), 2000 (v) Rotterdam Convention on the Prior Informed Consent Procedure for Certain Hazardous Chemicals and Pesticides in International Trade, 2000 (vi) Vienna Convention of the Protection of Ozone Layer, 2000. (vii) Montreal Protocol on Ozone Depleting Substances, 2000 (viii) Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants, 2002 (ix) UNECE Convention on Environmental Impact Assessment in a Transboundary Context, 2001 (x) Ramsar Convention on Wetlands of International Importance especially as waterfowl Habitat, 2003 (xi) The UNECE Convention on Access to Information, Public Participation in Decision- making and Access to Justice in Environmental Matters, Kyrgyzstan joined in 2001
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(xii) United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification in Those Countries Experiencing Serious Drought and/or Desertification, particularly in Africa, acceded in 1999 (xiii) Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora, acceded in 2006. (xiv) The Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety, Kyrgyzstan joined in 2005 (xv) Convention Concerning the Protection of World Cultural and Natural Heritage, acceded in 1995.
2.3 Environmental Impact Assessment Procedure
70. The system of environmental impact assessment in the Kyrgyzstan Republic is the same as in majority of Eastern European countries, Caucasus and Central Asia (EECCA). It consists of two main stages: - Environmental Impact Assessment Report (called OVOS in Kyrgyz Republic) and - State Ecological Expertise (SEE). 71. The OVOS is implemented by the developer of the planned activity (investor, initiator or applicant) or the entity authorized by the developer responsible for conducting environmental impact assessment of the activity and its proposed alternatives, and for preparing relevant OVOS documentation. The main SEE objectives are to define (and implement control over) by the state authorities the compliance of the submitted OVOS materials and other documents with the effective legislation and ecological requirements, and applicability of the planned activity. SEE is implemented by the authorized state body or authorized by such body experts or by the ad hoc established expert commissions. 72. Since translation of OVOS into English appears as Environmental Impact Assessment or EIA, sometimes when comparing the OVOS process with international legislation or Western EIA system (Environmental Impact Assessment- EIA) as understood in the EC countries or in the USA, it is often identified as the procedure for preparing impact assessment materials only without the SEE stage. In some other cases, only the SEE would be considered as the EIA analogue. This often leads to the confusion of terminology and definitions and may result in the international attempts introduction into either OVOS or into SEE the entire assessment process without the accounting to the entire system and fail to reach the expected result. 73. By evaluating the environmental impact assessment system for its compliance to international norms and rules, and by comparing the OVOS system with the EIA in other countries it is advised to consider the entire environmental impact assessment process (OVOS) implemented by contractor, together with the State ecological expertise (OVOS+SEE). 74. The Law on Environmental Expertise (1999) constitutes the main legislation related to environmental assessment. Its objectives include prevention of adverse impacts on human health and environment that take place as a result of economic and other activities and ensured compliance of this activity with the environmental requirements of the country. This law is used extensively in the ‘development projects’ that could make certain environmental impacts, including: Feasibility study and designs for construction, reconstruction, development, retrofitting and other projects irrespective of their estimated cost, origin or type of ownership, which implementation can make environmental impacts.
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75. According to this law, the project initiator is responsible for the submission of necessary documentation on the project and its environmental impact to the state environmental expert evaluation (SEE). 76. Favorable decision of the SEE constitutes the prerequisite of the started financing or implementation of a project. A negative conclusion prohibits the project implementation.
2.4 ADB Requirements
2.4.1 Policies
77. Safeguard Policy Statement (2009). SPS 2009 is ADB’s current main safeguards policy document. It describes the common objectives and policy principles of ADB's safeguards, and outlines the delivery process for ADB's safeguard policy. It promotes sustainability through protection of people and the environment from the adverse impacts of projects, and by supporting the strengthening of country safeguard systems. It presents a consistent, consolidated framework for environment, resettlement, and indigenous people safeguards. 78. ADB Operations Manual, Safeguard Policy Statement, Section F1/BP [Bank policies] & Safeguard Review Procedures, Section F1/OP [operational procedures] (2013). These documents operationalize SPS 2009. The policy sets forth the scope of SPS 2009 applicability to ADB operations, and the procedures describes the safeguards process and outputs, including consultation and disclosure requirements, through the various stages of project preparation. 79. Public Communications Policy (2011ca) guides ADB’s efforts to be transparent and accountable to the people it serves, which it recognizes are essential to development effectiveness. The policy recognizes the right of people to seek, access, and impart information about ADB’s operations, and it aims to enhance stakeholders’ trust in and ability to engage with ADB, through proactive disclosure, presumption in favor of disclosure, recognition of the right to access and impart information and ideas, country ownership, limited exceptions, and the right to appeal.
2.4.2 Guidance
80. Environmentally Responsible Procurement (2007). provides guidance to ADB staff, consultants, and executing agencies on ERP, defined as “a systematic approach to the purchase of goods and services that are thought to be less damaging to the environment than other goods and services that serve the same purpose,” specifically, products that “reduce waste, improve energy efficiency, limit toxic by-products, contain recycled content or are reusable, and are produced with the least environmental impact…[and] services…that help improve the environment, are rendered with minimum environmental and social impacts, and use resources and energy efficiently. 81. Complaint Handling in Development Projects - Grievance Mechanisms: A Critical Component of Project Management (2010). This document presents definitions, concepts, rationale, and history relevant to the ADB project grievance redress mechanism. 82. Complaint Handling in Development Projects - Building Capacity for Grievance Redress Mechanisms (2010). This document presents a framework and practical suggestions for building the capacity of an organization to manage an effective GRM. 83. Environment Safeguards, A Good Practice Sourcebook (2012). This draft working document aims to add clarity, provide technical guidance, and recommend good
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practices in SPS (ADB 2009) implementation. It updates the Environmental Assessment Guidelines (ADB 2003). 84. Selected References for Good Practice in Environmental Safeguards Implementation (2014). This internal Central and West Asia Department (CWRD) document presents internet hyperlinks to exemplary environmental safeguards documents (IEEs, EIAs, EARFs, etc.) prepared for CWRD country projects.
2.4.3 Environmental and Social Screening & Categories
85. ADB water resources projects and subprojects are screened using a rapid environmental assessment checklist for irrigation projects (Appendix 4 contains the checklist filled out for the Kojo-Kaiyr subproject). This checklist captures the type, location, sensitivity, scale, nature, and magnitude of potential environmental impacts; and availability of cost-effective mitigation measures. Based on the checklist findings, the project or subproject is assigned to one of the following ADB environmental categories: • Category A–likely to have significant adverse environmental impacts that are irreversible, diverse, or unprecedented. These impacts may affect an area larger than the sites or facilities subject to physical works. An environmental impact assessment (EIA), including an environmental management plan (EMP), is required. • Category B – potential adverse environmental impacts are site-specific, few if any of them are irreversible, and in most cases mitigation measures can be designed more readily than for category A projects. An initial environmental examination (IEE), including an EMP, is required. • Category C – A proposed project is likely to have minimal or no adverse environmental impacts. An EIA or IEE is not required, although environmental implications need to be reviewed. 86. The category of a project is determined by its most sensitive component (output). The most sensitive components of the Kojo-Kaiyr subproject define it as category B. PIU Safeguard Specialist Mr. Kalyibek Zhunusbaev and PIC local environmental expert Mr. Janiybek Orozaly uulu have conducted the field trip and filled the environmental screening forms agreed by ADB. (See Appendix 4 for filled environmental screening forms). 87. Kojo-Kaiyr Subproject has been also screened for the involuntary resettlement impacts by PIU Safeguard Specialist Mr. Kalyibek Zhunusbaev and PIC local social expert Mrs. Narina Haydaralieva. They have conducted a field trip and filled the social screening forms agreed by ADB. (See Appendix 4 for filled social screening forms). No involuntary resettlement impact or land acquisition will be required for the implementation of the Kojo-Kaiyr Subproject components. Therefore Kojo-Kaiyr Subproject has been considered to have Category C on the base of involuntary resettlement according to ADB safeguard policy.
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3 DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT
3.1 Expected Project Impact and Outcome
88. The expected impact of the project will be reduced losses in the agriculture and water resources sectors from extreme weather events. The expected project outcome is defined as improved climate change and disaster-resilience of infrastructure and water security, which will be measured by performance indicator targets concerning agricultural production, productivity of water and household protection from disasters.
3.1.1 Objectives of the Project
89. The project will strengthen climate change and disaster resilience in the water sector through the following objectives: • Modernized and well-maintained infrastructure;
• Enhanced agricultural management;
• Enhanced on-farm water management; and
• Improved data collection and analysis.
3.1.2 Project Outputs
90. The project has the following three outputs: Output 1: Irrigation infrastructure protected and modernized • Upgrade and construct main canals; lower-level canals; and associated infrastructure such as protective mudflow crossing structures, cross-regulators, and offtakes • Infrastructure design specifications will incorporate disaster risk mitigation measures for future climate conditions. • Participatory planning and design process involving the SAWR, WUAs, WUA subgroups, and other key stakeholders will be carried out. • One representative subproject has been selected and developed and it is anticipated that two or three additional subprojects will be identified for investment during implementation. • Community-based contracting will be pilot tested for lower-level canal modernization in the representative subproject and will be expanded to further subprojects if successful Output 2: Irrigation system and agricultural land management enhanced • Reorganize and strengthen the institutional capacity of WUAs and WUA subgroups for more effective organization.
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• Build the capacity of the SAWR representatives, WUAs, WUA subgroup representatives, and farmers on effective and resilient irrigation system management, water use, and agronomy. • Develop and implement joint DWR–WUA irrigation system management plans, including water delivery scheduling and O&M financing and planning • WUA on-farm water management and agricultural management plans with gender elements will be developed, including irrigation scheduling, cropping patterns, and cultural methods, • Capacity building for farmers and community members (including women), such as comparative field trials and farmer field days Output 3: National disaster risk management capacity improved • Heavy machinery and specialist equipment for preventive and rehabilitation works, such as excavators, bulldozers, and cranes, will be purchased and installed in the Northern and Southern Emergency Response Centers. • Enhanced fund management of these Centers and DRM capacity building, including project planning, to undertake preventive and rehabilitation works more efficiently. • Hydrological posts for Kyrgyz Hydromet will be established in about 20 sites within the project’s target areas and an information system for enhanced data collection, processing and flood warning will be pilot tested for improved efficiency and accuracy.
3.2 Kojo-Kaiyr Subproject
3.2.1 Setting
91. With steep mountain geography and variable weather conditions, the Kyrgyz Republic is highly disaster-prone. A primary avenue of this vulnerability is through the water resources sector, including irrigated agriculture. Irrigation is critical for sustained agricultural production in the Kyrgyz Republic, which engages about 30% of the population, including about 45% of the lower-income rural population, and contributes about 15% of GDP. 92. For irrigation modernization, the Lower Syr Darya River Basin and Chui River Basin have been prioritized by ADB. Both areas have high drought risk and moderate flood and mudflow risk. Syr Darya River Basin has the highest demand-side of the needs and highest supply-side for the development potential in the country. Chuy River Basin is next with slightly lower demand-side need but similar supply-side development potential. Further, both areas are well connected to key markets in Bishkek and Osh and may command a higher price for agricultural production, thereby having the highest potential to diversify the existing cropping patterns towards the cultivation of high-value crops.
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93. This draft document addresses the Kojo-Kaiyr Main Canal. The canal is located in the Kadamjay Raion of Batken Oblast. The canal was commissioned in 1965 and draws irrigation water from the Isfayram-Sai River to supply WUAs on the west bank. Kojo- Kaiyr Canal supplies water to the following three WUAs, which are ordered from upstream to downstream: 1. Kara-Dobo 2,020 hectares 2. Isa-Mariam 863 hectares 3. Kojo-Kaiyr 2983 hectares Table 9: Kojo-Kaiyr Canal Key Data Parameter Value
Canal Total Length 31.0 km Total Command Area 5,669 ha Concrete lining length (in-situ trapezoidal) 13.0 km Original Design capacity 9.0 m³/s Present Design capacity 7.5 m³/s Estimated Canal Efficiency 0.65
94. The Kojo-Kaiyr canal provides irrigation water to the Masaliyev, Maidan and Markaz rural districts, including three WUAs: WUA "Kara-Dobo" with an area of 2120 hectares from the Kojo-Kaiyr Canal has 16 water intake points into the domestic network; WUA "Isa-Mariam" with an area of 965 hectares from the Kojo-Kaiyr Canal has 12 water intake points into the domestic network and WUA "Kojo-Kaiyr" with an area of 3215 hectares has 7 water intake points into the domestic network. A map showing the integration of on-farm canals to the off-farm (Kojo-Kaiyr) canal is shown in Figure 18.
3.2.2 Present Status of the Kojo-Kaiyr Irrigation System
95. The main problem of the canal is the poor condition of the mudflow structure in the system, which impedes the smooth delivery of irrigation supplies to end users. 14 mudflow structures on the canal require rehabilitation works. Another issue is the poor condition of the canal lining between PK 20+25 to PK 30+25 and from PK127+02 to PK 137+02, which is increasing water losses in the system. 96. The linear diagram of the Kojo-Kaiyr canal irrigation network is shown at Figure 8.
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Figure 8: Linear diagram of the Kojo-Kaiyr canal irrigation network
97. The causes of poor irrigation performance were identified through site inspections and close collaboration with government and local WUA members who understand the irrigation system well. The scope of work on reconstruction and modernization of the Kojo-Kaiyr Canal followed a participatory approach as a result of a collective survey and joint discussion on February 26, 2020. The survey was attended by representatives of the PIU, representatives of the PIC, as well as representatives of the Batken BUVH operation service, Kadamjay RUVH and WUA representatives. Kadamjayskyi RUVH provided a defective report on the technical condition of the Kojo-Kaiyr inter-farm channel. Design works for on-farm and off-farm canals were based on this defective act. 98. The Community Development Group (CDT) together with the WUA conducted a survey of the on-farm irrigation network and drew up defective acts, which were also taken into account in the preparation of the feasibility study. 99. Under the existing conditions, the winter discharge consists of a concrete discharge canal 215 m long with a head cross regulator with a discharge capacity of 20 m³/s and of a discharge earthen canal (60 m) before entering the river bed. Regarding the winter discharge, the following problems were identified: • It is necessary to build an auto-drain spur with a length of 40 m; • It is necessary to renew electric motors on screw lifts - 5 pcs; • It is necessary to replace the existing hoist with a single-screw hoist 5 EV -1 pc; • It is necessary to renew the electrical wiring and install street lighting. 100. The canal has reinforced concrete facing along its entire length. To date, after 38 years of operation, the concrete facing along most of the canal length (from HM 0 + 00 to HM 222 + 50) has a loose porous structure with a large number of cracks and cavities. The
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design discharge capacity on this – main – part of the canal is maintained through annual capital and current repairs at the expense of the Department of Water Management of the Kyrgyz Republic. An exception is the end section of the canal from HM 222 + 50 to HM 233 + 00 with destroyed and dilapidated concrete facing and low discharge capacity (1.20 m3/s versus the design value of 2.0 m³/s). 101. According to the data provided by RUVH, there are 30 outlets on the canal to the second order canals. Of these, 17 are in an unsatisfactory condition. The project provides for their rehabilitation. 102. Two sections of the canal pass through the settlements at HM 65 + 60 - HM85 + 50 and HM110 + 62 - HM114 + 10. These sections are fleeting, and there is a possibility that animals or people can enter them. 103. A serious existing problem of the canal is underwatering of irrigated lands suspended to it in the area from HM 181 + 30 to HM 220 + 93 due to a periodic reduction in its discharge capacity for the reason of the ingress of soil debris into it from the steep high slopes adjacent to it. According to the information of the District Water Management Department, the consequence of this is a periodic (4 ... 5 days per month) decrease by 30 ... 35% of the water supply to the suspended irrigated lands. According to the District Water Management Department and the regional department of agrarian development, this leads to the decline in crop yields and the average annual loss of farms. Three areas with debris – at HM 181 + 33- 188 + 03, HM 188 + 73-193 + 23 and HM 209 + 43-221 + 03 – were identified. The total length is 2.28 km. 104. In addition, Kojo-Kaiyr canal is constructed at an elevated position above the WUAs it supplies (see Figure 17). Therefore, the water levels at each outlet to the on-farm canals are high enough to maintain irrigation supplies to all farmer fields that are situated lower down the valley. This means that there is no requirement to raise the canal bed levels or provide additional cross regulators to Kojo-Kaiyr to increase command levels. 105. At the moment, the baffle sills at the chute located at HM168 + 50 are worn out. 106. According to the classification adopted in Kyrgyzstan, mudflow crossing structures on the Kojo-Kaiyr Canal belong to category of importance IV; accordingly, hydraulic calculations of structures were performed at 5% probability and checked at 1%. With regard to climate changes, the values of maximum water discharge will be adjusted, and the calculations were remade. The performed analysis shows that not all mudflow crossing structures can cope with the increased discharge due to climate change. 107. There are mudflow storage reservoirs at 13 ravines leading to the Kojo-Kaiyr Canal These structures are designed to accumulate the solid fraction of storm water. The volumes of mudflow storage reservoirs are not large, and surplus water flows through the water outlets to the Kojo-Kaiyr Canal. In this regard, it became necessary to analyze the volumes of storm water that enter the canal, and, if necessary, to take measures to protect the canal from overflow and further destruction. Calculations have been made at the discharge equal to 5% with regard to climate change by 2050. According to the existing scheme of mudflow storage reservoirs operation, it can be seen that from ravines 5, 6, 9 and 11 water does not enter the canal. These ravines are not taken into account in further analysis. Hydrographs were built for each ravine. For the sections, the discharge rate entering the canal and discharged through the outlets was calculated. Calculations have shown that it is enough to build a mudflow storage reservoir with a capacity of 25,000 m³ to reduce the discharge to 4.25 m³/s. 108. In the WUA performance assessment reports for Kojo-Kaiyr, constraints were noted on the operation of the on-farm system regarding measurement of flows. The general condition of the existing hydraulic posts is unsatisfactory. At three hydraulic posts,
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reconstruction of still wells is required for the installation of control and measuring equipment. Construction of new still wells is required at 7 hydraulic posts. 109. Typical problems of the intra-farm network - canal cladding is destroyed, there are large cracks in the concrete, in connection with this there is a large loss of water, not providing a stable flow of irrigated water to consumers. Many water outlets are in unsatisfactory condition.
3.2.3 Project Components
110. The proposed rehabilitation work on the Kojo-Kaiyr canal were determined on the basis of a survey of the canal and the structures by a group of specialists collective survey and joint discussion on February 26, 2020. The survey was attended by representatives of the PIU, representatives of the PCC consultants, as well as representatives of the Batken BUVH operation service, Kadamjay RUVH and WUA representatives. Kadamjayskyi RUVH provided a defective report on the technical condition of the Kojo- Kaiyr inter-farm channel. As a result, the following objects and structures were included in the reconstruction and rehabilitation program. 111. The component list of the facilities to be rehabilitated is presented below in Table 10. The subproject covers: rehabilitation, reconstruction and modernization of 5 sections of the Kojo-Kaiyr Main Canal and 19 sections - in the area of mudflow crossing structures; reconstruction of a chute at HM 168 + 50; dejection protection of the canal at the total length of 2.28 km; protective measures against accidental access of people and animals into the canal at its fast-flowing sections at the total length of 2.3 km; construction of a mudflow storage reservoir; reconstruction of hydraulic posts equipped with control and measuring equipment; and rehabilitation of winter discharge at the head water intake structure. Table 10: The list of the facilities to be rehabilitated Units of No. Names of structures and facilities Quantity measurement
Rehabilitation of winter discharge at the head 1 psc 1 water intake structure at the Isfayram-Sai River Sector 1. Rehabilitation of the canal that has a trapezoid cross-section in a monolithic concrete 2 km 4.4 facing with G-block borders from HM 20+00 (20+00) to HM 63+80 (62+20).
Sector 2. Rehabilitation of the canal that has a 3 trapezoid cross-section in a concrete facing from m 570 HM 67+05 (65+60) to HM 72+75 (71+30).
Sector 3. Rehabilitation of the canal that has a 4 trapezoid cross-section in a concrete facing from m 70 HM 93+50 (89+90) to HM 94+20 (90+60).
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Units of No. Names of structures and facilities Quantity measurement
Sector 4. Rehabilitation of the banked earth canal 5 that has a trapezoid cross-section in a concrete m 415 facing from HM 112+68 to HM 116+83. Sector 5. Rehabilitation of the canal in a concrete 6 km 1.1 facing from HM 222+50 to HM 233+42
7 Reconstruction of a chute at HM 168+50 (182+50) psc 1
Rehabilitation of the canal section at mudflow 8 psc 19 crossing structures (19 sections) Dejection protection of the canal at hillsides from HM 181+33 to HM 188+03; 9 km 2.28 from HM 188+73 to HM 193+23; from HM 209+43 to HM 221+03. Protective fencing construction 10 from HM 72+75 (71+30) to HM 88+35 (85+30) ; km 2.3 from HM 98+00 (93+90) to HM 105+00 (115+10). Construction of a mudflow storage reservoir at 11 psc 1 Ravine13 Reconstruction and construction of new hydraulic 12 posts equipped with control and measuring psc 10 equipment
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Figure 9. Plan of Kojo-Kaiyr Canal and Components of the Project
Source: Kojo-Kaiyr FS, 2021
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Figure 9. Plan of Kojo-Kaiyr Canal and Components of the Project (Continued)
Source: Kojo-Kaiyr FS, 2021
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112. Canal rehabilitation. Sector No.1 Rehabilitation of a trapezoidal section canal in a monolithic concrete facing with borders made of G-blocks from HM 20 + 00 (20 + 00 fixed in place) to HM 63 + 80 (62 + 20). Partial replacement of destroyed areas and facing of the canal section with monolithic reinforced concrete 15 cm thick are envisaged. Figure 10 Kojo-Kaiyr Sector No. 1 Typical Cross Section
Source: Kojo-Kaiyr FS, 2021
113. Canal rehabilitation. Sector 2 from HM 67 + 05 (65 + 60) to HM 72 + 75 (71 + 30). A complete facing replacement is envisaged. Figure 11 Kojo-Kaiyr Sector No. 2 Typical Cross Section
Source: Kojo-Kaiyr FS, 2021
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114. Canal rehabilitation. Sector 3 from HM 93 + 50 (89 + 90) to HM 94 + 20 (90 + 60). A complete facing replacement is envisaged. Figure 12 Kojo-Kaiyr Sector No. 3 Typical Cross Section
Source: Kojo-Kaiyr FS, 2021
115. Canal rehabilitation. Sector 4 from HM 112 + 68 to HM116 + 83. A complete replacement of the monolithic reinforced concrete facing of the canal is envisaged. Figure 13 Kojo-Kaiyr Sector No. 4 Typical Cross Section
Source: Kojo-Kaiyr FS, 2021
116. Canal rehabilitation. Sector 5 from HM 222 + 50 to HM 233 + 42. A complete replacement of the canal facing is envisaged.
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Figure 14 Kojo-Kaiyr Sector No. 5 Typical Cross Section
Source: Kojo-Kaiyr FS, 2021
Figure 15 Kojo-Kaiyr Canal - Status before Rehabilitation
Site#1 HM 27+05 Site#2 HM67+50
Site#1 HM 27+20 Fast Flow M168+50
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Mudflow crossing HM193+90 Mudflow crossing HM193+90
Mudflow crossing HM102+50 Site#5 HM 229+00 Source: Quarterly Report No. 4, PIC, 2020 117. Rehabilitation of the canal sections in the area of the mudflow crossing structures. 19 sections with a total length of 1090 m. Figure 16 Kojo-Kaiyr Typical Cross Section of Rehabilitation of the canal sections
Source: Kojo-Kaiyr FS, 2021
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118. The total length of the rehabilitated sectors is 7.645 km. In the canal sectors where the facing is being completely replaced, geocomposite material (geotextile and geomembrane) is used instead of concrete bed. The use of the geocomposite material increases the efficiency of the canal facing and extends its service life. 119. Two sections of the canal pass through the settlements at HM 65 + 60 - HM85 + 50 and HM110 + 62 - HM114 + 10. These sections are fleeting, and there is a possibility that animals or people can enter them. For the purpose of protection, the construction of a protective fence from a chain-link mesh is provided. Total length - 2.3 km. Figure 17 Kojo-Kaiyr Typical Fence Fragment
Source: Kojo-Kaiyr FS, 2021
120. A serious existing problem of the canal is underwatering of irrigated lands suspended to it in the area from HM 181 + 30 to HM 220 + 93 due to a periodic reduction in its discharge capacity for the reason of the ingress of soil debris into it from the steep high slopes adjacent to it. According to the information of the District Water Management Department, the consequence of this is a periodic (4 ... 5 days per month) decrease by 30 ... 35% of the water supply to the suspended irrigated lands. According to the District Water Management Department and the regional department of agrarian development, this leads to the decline in crop yields and the average annual loss of farms. Three areas with debris – at HM 181 + 33- 188 + 03, HM 188 + 73-193 + 23 and HM 209 + 43-221 + 03 – were identified. The arrangement of berms and the flattering of high slopes adjacent to the edges of the concrete canal are provided for in order to exclude the periodic decrease in the design discharge capacity of the canal due to the flow of soil debris into its bed. The total length is 2.28 km. 121. At the moment, the baffle sills at the chute located at HM168 + 50 are worn out. It is proposed to dismantle the old chute and to build a new chute with a rectangular section.
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122. The hydraulic posts will be equipped with an ultrasonic level meter with a cellular communication channel. The measurement equipment is designed for remote contactless measurement of water level at irrigation and drainage facilities and for the transmission of measured values to a remote user via a cellular communication channel. The meter is used in automated control systems for technological processes of water intake, water distribution and water metering at irrigation and drainage facilities. 123. The measurement equipment provides the ability to operate autonomously in the measured values recording and storage mode with a specified data transmission interval. The measurement equipment includes the following items: - UU-60-L or UU-60-L-1 ultrasonic level gauge; - GSM modem; - Antenna; - Battery 12 V, 7A (8A); - Software; - Structural elements for equipment placement. Table 11. List of Hydraulic Posts Quantity No. HM Defects revealed Works required Unit of works 1 07+60 Newly constructed Arrangement of hydraulic posts with pcs 1 hydraulic post control and measuring equipment 2 93 + 82 Existing hydraulic post Arrangement of control and pcs 1 Р-3: size L=0.8m х measuring equipment В=0.5м х Н=0.8м 3 98+60 Existing hydraulic post Arrangement of control and pcs 1 Р-3а: size L=0.8m х measuring equipment В=0.55 м х Н=0.8м 4 118+56 Existing hydraulic post Arrangement of control and pcs 1 Р-4: size L=0.8m х measuring equipment В=0.5м х Н=0.8м 5 144+16 Hydraulic post Р-7 Arrangement of hydraulic posts with pcs 1 control and measuring equipment 6 152+90 Hydraulic post Р-8 Arrangement of hydraulic posts with pcs 1 control and measuring equipment 7 163+14 Hydraulic post Р-10 Arrangement of hydraulic posts with pcs 1 control and measuring equipment 8 172+05 Hydraulic post Р-12 Arrangement of hydraulic posts with pcs 1 control and measuring equipment 9 200+34 Hydraulic post Р-13 Arrangement of hydraulic posts with pcs 1 control and measuring equipment 10 236+41 Newly constructed Arrangement of hydraulic posts with pcs 1 hydraulic post Р- 15 control and measuring equipment
124. The Kojo-Kaiyr canal provides irrigation water to the Masaliyev, Maidan and Markaz rural districts, including three WUAs: WUA "Kara-Dobo" with an area of 2120 hectares from the Kozho- Kaiyr Canal has 16 water intake points into the domestic network; WUA "Isa-Mariam" with an area of 965 hectares from the Kojo-Kaiyr Canal has 12 water intake points into the domestic network and WUA "Kojo-Kaiyr" with an area of 3215 hectares has 7 water intake points into the domestic network. A map showing the integration of on-farm canals to the off-farm (Kojo-Kaiyr) canal is shown in Figure 18. During the detailed design stages this map will be updated to include location of all
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outlets to on-farm canals, location of mudflow structures and location of existing hydraulic structures 125. Typical problems of the intra-farm network - canal cladding is destroyed, there are large cracks in the concrete, in connection with this there is a large loss of water, not providing a stable flow of irrigated water to consumers. Many water outlets are in unsatisfactory condition. Approximate scope of work on rehabilitation of the on-farm irrigation network is presented in Table 12. This was developed based on the Defects Act which was prepared using participatory approach with local WUAs. A more precise list and scope of work will be prepared after concluding agreements with WUAs and joint preparation of a working draft for modernization and rehabilitation of domestic canals (canals 3 and 4 orders). 126. In the working project for the reconstruction and modernization of the on-farm network, together with the WUA, the required scope of design work will be considered in detail to improve the condition of the irrigation network. It will also consider the use of advanced materials listed in the PAM, such as geomembrane to improve the performance and durability of channel linings. It will also consider additional cross- regulators and raising canal bed levels to increase command levels to farm fields. The detailed design stages and the modernization decisions can also be supported by the results of the Productivity of Water analysis which would be used to identify and prioritize areas that require intervention.
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Figure 18. WUA location overview plan
Source: Kojo-Kaiyr FS, 2021
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Figure 19. Kara-Dobo WUA straight-line scheme
Source: Kojo-Kaiyr FS, 2021
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Figure 20. Isa-Mariyam WUA straight-line scheme
Source: Kojo-Kaiyr FS, 2021
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Figure 21. Kojo-Kaiyr WUA straight-line scheme
Source: Kojo-Kaiyr FS, 2021
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Table 12. Amount of work at on-farm canals (approximate) Object name Name of work Units Quantity Kara-Dobo WUA 1. Aeroport Canal Monolithic concrete facing m 1,000 2. Moldo-Sharip Canal Monolithic concrete facing m 800 3. Bakir-Aryk Canal Monolithic concrete facing m 900 4. Baltabai Canal Monolithic concrete facing m 2,000 5. Jany-Darbaza Canal Monolithic concrete facing m 1,000 Isa-Mariyam WUA 1. P-2-2 Canal Monolithic concrete facing m 800 2. Isa-Mariyam-2 Canal Monolithic concrete facing m 800 3. MTC Canal Monolithic concrete facing m 1,100 4. P-9-a-1 Canal Monolithic concrete facing m 1,000 Kojo-Kaiyr WUA 1. Mayak Canal Monolithic concrete facing m 2,500 2. P-15 Canal Replacement of trays HR 80 m 240 Construction of a head wall 3. P-15 Canal with water discharge outlet pcs 4,700 and with a tube crossing Water discharge outlet 4. Mashrap Canal pcs 1,430 construction
3.2.4 Organization of the Construction Works
127. Construction work on the rehabilitation and modernization of the Kojo-Kaiyr canal will be carried out in the existing irrigation canal, which will be used during the growing season to supply irrigation water to suspended irrigated land. In this regard, it should be noted that when scheduling the works, it is necessary to take into account the fact that full-scale works on the Kojo-Kaiyr canal can be carried out during the non- vegetation period. This fits to the spawning period of Turkistan Cats spawning period which is May-July (source: https://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/64279). 128. Overall scope of work at the Kojo-Kaiyr canal for all objects is given in Table 13. Table 13: Overall scope of work
No. Name of work Units Total Notes
1 Channel m³ 20920.38 2 Quality banket m³ 2330 3 Gravel-sand base m³ 152.00 4 Concrete base m³ 83.70 5 Ramped gravel and pebble base m³ 42 6 Slope and bottom grading m³ 60341.98 7 Fill and backfill m³ 720.00 8 Two-layer stone fastening, Dк=30sm m³ 114 9 Two-layer torn stone fastening d=65 sm m³ 890 10 Precast concrete (Т40.25-2 tube) m³ 19.5 11 Monolithic reinforced concrete m³ 391.55 В-20 Incl. concrete bottom m³ 107.25 F-150 slopes m³ 57.28 W-6
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No. Name of work Units Total Notes
walls m³ 219.45 collar m³ 7.57 Reinforced steel kg 21544.50 12 Reinforced concrete m³ 7099.28 В-20 Incl. concrete bottom m³ 2279.20 F-150 slopes m³ 4820.08 W-6 m 482885.96 FIBRE-REINFORCED PLASTIC REBAR (FRP
rebar) kg 31542.08 13 Monolithic concrete m³ 1434.11 14 Crumpled loamy soil pipe lining m³ 185.00 15 Burlap joint impregnated with bitumen m² 3.3 В-7.5 16 Expansion joint m 76.1 Waterproofing of concrete surfaces with a 17 m² 270 solution of bitumen in gasoline by 2 times 18 Pipe joints: Rubber rings m/kg 62,9/3,9 Cement mortar m³ 1.01 ЦРМ-100 19 Monolithic concrete dismantling m³ 5786.04 20 Precast concrete dismantling m³ 11.4 21 Construction joints through pcs/m 957/6823 22 Temperature shrinkage joints through pcs/m 480/3423 23 Cleaning the canal from vegetation (moss) m² 20825.539 24 Cleaning the canal from sediments m³ 682 25 Installation of a single-screw lifter 5 ЭВ t. 1.342 26 Installation of electric motors 4АА100L6 pcs 5 27 Connecting the lift motor to the network. pcs 6 28 Cable АВВГ 8х4 m. 250 29 Cable АВВГ 25х3х16х1 м. 100 30 Automatic breaker 80А pcs. 1 31 Starter - 2 magnitude with a button pcs 6 32 Installation of street lamps pcs. 10.00
No. Name of work Units Total Notes
33 Metal support 0,4 kV 8m pcs. 4 34 Reinforced concrete support СВ-110 11m pcs 2 35 С.3.017-1 series2 Panel HM2 pcs. 752 Incl. GOST 8509-72 ∟40х4 L=2750mm kg 10016.64 GOST 8509-72 ∟40х4 L=1560mm kg 5685.12 GOST 5781-61 6 А-I Brand 30,1 kg 1428.80 L=8400mm GOST 103-57* -12х4∅ L=60mm kg 311.33 GOST 5336-67 Net No.50-2,5 2700х1500 kg 5188.80 kg 7941.1 36 GOST 3262-75 Pole Тр. d50 L=2450mm pcs 768.0 kg 482.30 37 GOST 19903-74* -4х100х100 pcs. 1536.00
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No. Name of work Units Total Notes
38 Hydraulic post gate -100-100 pcs 2.00 Hydraulic post gate -100-150 pcs. 1.00 39 Hydraulic post gate -80-150 pcs. 9.00 40 Hydraulic post gate -60-150 pcs 7.00 41 3D geomat m² 528 42 Geomembrane 1mm m² 31012.3 43 Geotextile m² 62024.6
129. In order to rehabilitation and modernize the Kojo-Kaiyr canal the activity schedule has been planned at the initial phase of the Project. The time schedule of the activities of Kojo-Kaiyr Subproject has been given at the Figure 22.
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Figure 22 Time Schedule of Kojo-Kaiyr Subproject
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4 DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT
4.1 Physical Environment
4.1.1 Current Climatic Conditions
130. The climate of the Batken Oblast is transitional one from subtropical to temperate climate. High air temperatures in the warm season, drought in the late summer, and precipitations in the winter and spring season are features of the continental subtropical climate, however colder winter than in subtropics is characteristic of the temperate zone. The mountain areas have a temperate climate. Annual precipitation amount: 140-500 mm. Spring precipitation prevails. Snowpack is unstable, deposits on average 1.5-2 months. Average level is 15-30 cm. 131. The area of project site location refers to the southwestern climatic zone, see Figure 23.
a - Talas, b - Chui, c - Issyk-Kul, d - Ferghana, e - Angren, f - Chatkal, g - Suusamyr, h - Kochkor, i - Naryn, k - Alai
Figure 23: Climatic zones, valleys and areas of Kyrgyz Republic 132. The average annual air temperature is about +9 °C. Time period with an average daily temperature below 0 °C is 70-80 days in the lower part and increases to 130 days at the approximate altitude 2,400 m above sea level. The average January temperatures are 4 °C in the lower zone and -12 ... -13 °C at the approximate altitude 2,000 m above sea level, the average minimum temperatures are -8 ... -9 °C in the lower zone and -12 ... -13 °C at the approximate altitude 2,000 m above sea level, the absolute minimum is -26 ... -28 °C. 133. Duration of the warmest period with an average daily temperature more than + 10 °C is 175-180 days at 1,100-1,200 m height; and reduced to 150-155 days at the approximate altitude of 2,000 m; to 135 days at the altitude of 2,400 m, and to 45 days at the approximate altitude of 3,000 m. The average July temperature is +21 ... +22 °C, and +18 ... +19 °C at the approximate altitude of 2,000 m above sea level. The average maximum temperature is +25 ... +28 °C, the absolute maximum is +36 ... +37 °C in the
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lower zone, +32 ... +33 °C at the approximate altitude of 2,000 m (Source: http://ru.mes.kg/Kniga/book_rus023.html).
4.1.2 Climate Changes
134. During the feasibility study of Kojo-Kaiyr Subproject area the KNMI climate researcher web resource (http://climexp.knmi.nl/plot_atlas_form.py) was used to estimate the design values for future extreme precipitation from the current stationary climate to 2050 (with regard to climate change). A representative concentration pathway of RCP8.51 was applied. A climate model was created for the computed variable Rx1Day from CMIP5 (Figure 24). As a result of the modeling, it turned out that the peak annual daily precipitation (24 hours) will increase by 35% from the current stationary climate until 2050 (with regard to climate change).
Source: Kojo-Kaiyr FS, 2021
Figure 24: Time Series Schedule for Kojo-Kaiyr Canal
4.1.3 Geology
135. The territory of the Oblast includes the Batken, Isfara-Isfana, Shakhimardan and Isfairam valleys, as well as a part of the Ferghana Valley, which are mounted by the low Ranges: Beli-Synyn, Andygen-Too, Kuruk-Sai, Katran-Too, Kok-Bel. Oblast is mounted by the Turkestan and Alai Ranges from the south. The relief is very dissected, the altitudes range from 401 to 5,539 m. 136. The Kadamjai district occupies the mid-mountain Shakhimardan-Isfairam valley (altitude of the valley bottom is 1,100-2,700 m), it borders on the Ferghana Valley in the north, and is mounted by the Alai Range in the south (average altitude is 4,500 m, the absolute elevation is 5,539 m). Inside the district there are the ranges of Katyrang-Too, Teskey, Kuruk-Sai, Tekesekirdi-Bel, Kollektorsky and Yaruptus of an average altitude from 3,000 to 4,400 m above sea level. 137. As for the engineering-geological structure of the territory, it is possible to distinguish the rocks of the core base and Quaternary surface deposits. The core-base rocks are
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composed of metamorphic and ancient sedimentary complexes combined into rocky and semi-rocky soils. The exposure of rocky and semi-rocky soils is observed in high- and mid-mountain zones, they are the possible place of landslides, rockfalls, screes, and karst. Surface deposits are combined in the formation of mountain slopes, intermontane valleys with loose and cohesive soils, where the development of landslides, ravine erosion, mudflows, solifluction, planar erosion and subsidence and other processes is possible. (Source: http://ru.mes.kg/Kniga/ book_rus023.html).
4.1.4 Hydrology
138. The valley part of Kadamjay district is represented by river terraces and aggradation plain. The main rivers are Isfairam-Sai and Shakhimardan. The hydrographic network belongs to the Syr Darya River basin and has mainly glacial-snow feed from the northern slopes of the Alai and Turkestan ranges and adjacent spurs. The main rivers are: Ak-Suu, Kara-Suu, Kozy-Baglan, Isfara, Sokh, Shakhimardan (max. flow rate=172 m³/s, July 1977) and Isfayram-Sai (max. flow rate=162 m3/s, July 1945), Table 14 (Source: http://en.mes.kg/Kniga/book_rus023.html). The river flow is partially distributed along the irrigation network and canals and is also regulated by the Tert-Gul off-stream reservoir. On the northern slopes of the Alai and Turkestan Ranges there are mountain lakes that feed the Ak-Suu, Sokh, Shakhimardan and Isfairam-Sai Rivers.
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Table 14: Characteristic of the largest rivers in the South of Kyrgyzstan No. River Name Hydropost Catchment Water Inflow Type Dangerous Periods Maximum discharge, Flood start time 2 3 item Area, km Flood Ice features (m /s), Date max. run-off 1 Naryn city of Naryn 58,370 glacier & snow May-July November- 772, May 1936 March Rivers of Ferghana Range 2 Donguz-Too Donguz-Too 166 snow April-June 63.7, April 1958 March May 3 Zerger Tosoy 216 snow & rainfall March-May 97.9, April 1952 March April 4 Yassy (Jazy) Salamalik 1,180 snow April-June 410, May 1966 March May 5 Tentek-Sai Charbak 1,300 snow May-June 315, May 1960 March 6 Kyogart Mikhailovka 1,010 snow April-June 236, May 1959 March May 7 Changet Changet 381 snow & rainfall March-May 58, March 1956 March April Rivers of Alai and Turkestan Ranges 8 Kara-Kuldja Aktash 907 snow & glacier May-July November- 160, July 1956 March May-June February 9 Tar Chalma 3,840 snow & glacier May-July 377, June 1953 June 10 Kurshab Gulcha 2,010 snow & glacier May-July 109, June 1966 June 11 Aravan-Say Karakol 1,680 snow & glacier May-July 86,7, April 1941 April June-July 12 Isfairam-Sai Uchkorgon 2,220 glacier & snow June-August 162, July 1945 May July-August 13 Shakhimardan Djiydelik 1,180 glacier & snow June-August 172, July 1977 July-August
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4.1.5 Soil
139. Natively, the canal route is composed of alluvial (HM 0-12) and proluvial (the rest part) soils. These genetic traits are closely related to geomorphology. Thus, alluvial gravels form only the canal, the floodplain and the terraces above the floodplain. Proluvial soils make up the foothill line. Thus, according to general geomorphological features, the canal route can be divided into 3 sections: - Flood plain and above-flood plain terraces of the Isfayram-Sai River; - Foot hill line of merged alluvial desric cones with temporary streams; - Adyr zone. 140. The lithological structure also strictly corresponds to each section. The first section is composed only of gravels with sandy filler. The lithological structure of the second section is more complex. Sandy loam, loamy soil and pebble are observed here. In cohesive soils, impurities of rudaceous material in various quantities are observed everywhere, in most cases, from 10-20 to 45%. The soil has very indistinct boundaries and passes on the basis of grain size composition into pebbles and vice versa. Here you can see the facies type of replacement and transition of lithological soil differences.
4.2 Biological Environment
4.2.1 The Aquatic Environment
4.2.1.1 General Background 141. Isfayramsay river lies in Kyrgyzstan and Uzbekistan in the Syrdarya basin. The length of the river is 122 km, the basin area is 2220 km². It originates in the forts of the Alai ridge. In the upper reaches it is called Tengizbay. It flows northward. The food is mainly snow-glacial. The maximum volume of water falls on May-August - the minimum is December-February. The average water consumption near the village of Uchkurgan in Kyrgyzstan (the beginning of the irrigation fan) is 21.1 m³ / sec. [53] 142. Isfayram Say during the full-flowing period, mainly in summer, a stormy stream with brown-coloured water due to the admixtures of sand and clay. The water is very cold. In some places along the banks, small tugai forests overgrown with bushes, sea buckthorn, etc. have survived. 143. Water intake from the Isfayram-Sai River is carried out into the Kojo-Kaiyr Canal with a forced discharge capacity of 9 m³/s and the Ankhor Canal with a forced discharge capacity of 4 m³/s. 4.2.1.2 Characteristics of the Ichthyofauna 144. According to the latest scientific data, out of the total number of species of the studied watercourses, the common population is made up of the mountainous and foothill areas of the South of the republic. However, these fish species are not simultaneously found in the same ichthyocenosis (Turdakov, 1963). 145. There are 11 fish species in the river basin of Syr-Darya and other studied watercourses: 1. Kushakevich's char (Nemachilus kuschakewischi 1890); 2. Severtsev osman (Diptychus sewezovi Kessler. 1872); 3. common marinka (Schizothorax intermedius Mc Clelland, 1842); 4. Turkestan sculpin (Cottus spinulosus Kessler 1916);
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5. Turkestan catfish (Glyptosternum reticulatum Mc Clelland); 6. fasting duck (Alburnoides taeniatus Kessler); 7. Turkestan gudgeon (Gobio gobio lepidolaemus Kessler. 19050; 8. Aral spine (Cobitis aurata aralensis Kessler 1936); 9. carp (Cyprinus carpio L ); 10. Turkish barbel (Barbus capito conocephalus Kessler. 1872); 11. catfish (Silurus glanis 1852). rare. Possibly other fish species. 146. The rare and endangered species in the territory under consideration are: Species Turkestan catfish (Glyptosternum reticulatum McClelland) - included in the Red Book of the Kyrgyz Republic (second edition, 2007), (Government Decree of the Kyrgyz Republic (GDRK) of April 28, 2005 N 170 (As amended by GDRK of July 25, 2009 N 471); Reference http://cbd.minjust.gov.kg/ru- ru/npakr/DocumentList?documentListId=3801e620-2e03-456e-b0fe-5affc428b3a7). This area and the Isfayramsay and Shakhimardan rivers feeding the canal can serve for spawning of this fish.
Figure 25: Glyptosternum reticulatum McClelland
147. The status of the species in the national Red Book is a rare and endangered species, endangered in the territories and in the natural habitat located near the project area. G. reticulatum McClelland (=Exostoma stoliczkae Day, =E. gracile Gratzianov, =E. labrax Gratzianov) - Turkestan catfish - Turkestan zhayany, zhayan balyk, lakka - Turkestan catfish ZT (yuz) [10, 23], ZT (s) [23], VT (h) [17, 23], PF [5, 10, 13, 14, 16, 17, 23], (?) A (h) [7, 11, 13, 14, 23]; shr. – widespread. Reference http://www.naturalresources- centralasia.org/flermoneca/assets/files/2016-05-13_Cadastre_2015_small.pdf IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 120744) - not assessed. Reference (https://www.fishbase.se/summary/13367) CITES, UNEP-WCMC, 2017. CITES website checklist by species. Annexes I, II and III are valid from 4 October 2017. CITES Secretariat, Geneva, Switzerland. Compiled by UNEP-WCMC, Cambridge, UK. Reference https://www.cites.org/eng/app/appendices.php Listed in the Red Book in Soviet times and is consistently included in the new editions of the Red Book of the Kyrgyz Republic.
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Source: Https://www.facebook.com/ournativefishes/photos/ pcb.2867389390045408/ 2867387533378927/?type=3&theater
Figure 26: Glyptosternum reticulatum McClelland 148. The species is considered in the project at the stage of IEE as a prospective object of impact during the rehabilitation of the canal. The species inhabits waters with a temperature of + 12 ... + 24 ° C, a pH of about 7.0 and a hardness dH of up to 20 °, i.e., widespread, but few in number. 149. IBAT (IBAT Freshwater Report, 2021, Appendix V) tool used for the assessment of the existence of threatened and migratory fish species on the coordinate of the project location of (40.2 North, 72.0 East). Sub basin, upstream and downstream basins have been taken into account the during the evaluation for a buffer of 50 km, 100 km and 150 km. The subbasin of the study area is given Figure 27. Noting that freshwater report could not locate any upstream basins for the project location.
Location:(40.2 N, 72.0 E)
Source: Freshwater Report, 2021
Figure 27: Sub basin illustration of Project Location
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150. According to the report (IBAT Freshwater Report, 2021) results for this evaluation for threatened species (CR+EN+VU) two fishes are considered to have vulnerable protection status according to IUCN. These vulnerable fish species have been listed in Table 15. The wild common carp and Aral barbel are considered to be found in sub basin and downstream basins of a buffer of 100 km and 150 km. Bulatmai barbel is found only downstream basins of a buffer of beyond 150 km. IBAT Freshwater Report also indicated that the migratory species in subbasin and downstream basins exists as given at Table 16. At this table nine fish species and one flying insect species are considered to be found in sub basin and downstream basins of a buffer of 100 km and 150 km buffer zone and beyond 150 km. Table 15: Threatened species (CR+EN+VU) in subbasins and downstream basins of project location Species in DS
(km)
Species NameSpecies Common Name Taxonomic Group IUCN Category Population Trend Biome Site sub basin ≤50 ≤100 ≤150 150≥ Wild Cyprinus Fish Common VU Unknown FW + + + + carpio es Carp Luciobarbus Aral Fish Decreasin brachycepha VU FW + + + + Barbel* es g lus* Luciobarbus Bulatmai Fish Decreasin VU FW + capito barbel es g FW: Freshwater, VU: Vulnerable, EN: Endangered, CR: Critical, DS: Downstream *: Included in Red Book of Kyrgyzstan Republic Source: IBAT; Freshwater Report, 2021 Table 16: Migratory species in subbasins and downstream basins of project location Species in DS
(km)
ies
basin
Site sub Spec Name Common Name Taxonomic Group IUCN Category Movement Pattern ≤50 ≤100 ≤150 150≥ Mesopota Leuciscus LC or Full mian Fishes + + + + aspius LR/lc Migrant Asp Wild Cyprinus Full Common Fishes VU + + + + carpio Migrant Carp Pelecus LC or Full Sichel Fishes + cultratus LR/lc Migrant Rutilus LC or Full Roach Fishes + rutilus LR/lc Migrant
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Species in DS
(km)
ies
basin
Site sub Spec Name Common Name Taxonomic Group IUCN Category Movement Pattern ≤50 ≤100 ≤150 150≥ Sander Pike- LC or Full Fishes + + + + lucioperca perch LR/lc Migrant Ballerus LC or Full Fishes + sapa LR/lc Migrant Luciobarbus Aral Full brachyceph Fishes VU + + + + Barbel Migrant alus Luciobarbus Full Fishes VU + capito Migrant Abramis LC or Full Bream Fishes + brama LR/lc Migrant Altitudina Sympecma Odona LC or - l + + gobica tes LR/lc Mig LC: Least Critical, LR/lc: Least Concern, DS: Downstream Source: IBAT, Freshwater Report, 2021 4.2.1.3 Fishery 151. The main river feeding the canal is Isfayram-Sai, also noted as habitats and spawning grounds for the species. The hydrographic network belongs to the Syrdarya river basin. According to the GDRK dated September 7, 2009 No. 561 “On fishery development and use of natural and artificial reservoirs in the Kyrgyz Republic” (As amended by the GDRK dated February 19, 2019, No. 67), all rivers feeding the surveyed canals are classified as fishery development and use for fish farming, fishery and fishing. As a demonstration, a table from the PPCR is given, which indicates the feeding rivers, or their tributaries. Table 17: Surface Water Resources at Syr-Darya River Basin Syr Darya River Basin 3.51 Sumsar river 3.52 Hawasai 3.53 Padysh-Ata 3.54 Cassansai 3.55 Terek-Sai 3.56 Khoja-Bakirgan 3.57 Ak-Suu 3.58 Chatkal 3.59 Sandalash 3.60 Isfayramsay 3.61 Shakhimardan 3.62 Sokh 3.63 Cardals 3.64 Barefoot 3.65 Isfara 3.66 Isfana
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4.2.2 The Terrestrial Environment
4.2.2.1 Flora 152. Due to zonal differences in climatic, geomorphological and hydrological conditions, a peculiar altitudinal type zonality of plant formations is formed within the Ferghana Valley. The central part of the Ferghana Valley is occupied by desert vegetation (psammophytic shrubby, halophytic, tugai, meadow-boggy).
Figure 28: Kojo-Kaiyr. Stream-bank erosion section. HM221 153. Along the mountain slopes the desert type is replaced by a mountain semi-desert replaced by dry mixed grass steppes. Shrubbery vegetation forms at an approximate altitude 1,800-2,000 m. Further on are the subalpine meadows and alpine wastelands (Arikhvanova, 1967). Only cultivated vegetation grows on irrigated lands.
Figure 29: Kojo-Kaiyr. Section of shore scree in the canal
154. In general, the construction and operation of the facility will not lead to a significant change in the vegetation types represented by plant species that adapted to constant anthropogenic impact, Table 18.
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Table 18: Plant Species Family Species
Sedge family (Lat. Cyperáceae) Bulrush (Lat. Scírpus)
Sedge family (Lat. Cyperáceae) Sedge (Lat. Cárex) Aster family (Lat. Asteráceae), or Composite Wormwood (Artemisia absinthium L.) family (Lat. Compósitae) Aster family (Lat. Asteráceae), or Composite Tansy (Lat. Tanacétum vulgáre) family (Lat. Compósitae) Pea family (Fabaceae) Camel thorn(Alhagi) Honeysuckle Persian (Lat. Lonicera Honeysuckle family (Caprifoliaceae) nummulariifolia) Mulberryfamily (Moraceae) Mulberry, or mulberry-tree (Lat. Morus)
4.2.2.2 Fauna 155. The invertebrate animals are represented by the larvae of amphibiotic insects - mayflies, caddis flies, dipterans, as well as crustaceans and truly aquatic organisms - worms, and they are also appeared in the studied irrigation canal accordingly. Among aquatic invertebrates, there are no species listed in the Red List of the Kyrgyz Republic. 156. Scorpions, phalanges, tarantulas, karakurt are found among arachnids. 157. One species of reptiles, subendemic Central Asian tortoise (Testudo (Agrionemys) horsfieldii). According to the Cadastre of the Genetic Fund of Kyrgyzstan 2015 (Volume 4, Biological and Soil Institute of the National Academy of Sciences of the Kyrgyz Republic), the species is marked as: 1a. T. (A.) h. bogdanovi (Chkhikvadze) - turtle (steppe, Central Asian) Bogdanova - Bogdanovdun tash bakasy - Fergana steppe tortoise PF [5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 (without specifying the subspecies); 2, 3, 4 (as nom.ssp.); 12, 13 ("A. bogdanovi"); 14, 15]; se [subendemic]. Source http://www.naturalresources- centralasia.org/flermoneca/assets/files/2016-05-13_Cadastre_2015_small.pdf
Figure 30: Central Asian turtle (Testudo (Agrionemys) horsfieldii) IUCN Red List status, species is classified as a Vulnerable (VU) taxon.
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Vulnerable A2d. 1996. Testudo horsfieldii. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 1996: e. T21651A9306759. Source https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/21651/9306759
The territory in Kyrgyzstan where this subspecies has not yet been [possibly] destroyed and the current distribution boundaries have not been specified. In fact, the existing individuals were found within small areas in the vicinity of Tashkumyr and Maili-Suu cities. In the Cadastre it is indicated (without specifying the subspecies) as Fergana steppe tortoise PF (inhabiting the Fergana Valley), i.e. in the project area. However, its existence in the project area is currently impossible to confirm, due to the absence of its meetings during the surveys of the project area in 2018-2019. 158. One bird species, subendemic of Central Asia - Syr-Darya Pheasant (Phasianus colchicus turcestanicus Lorenz 1896 Syr Daria Pheasant). According to the Cadastre of the Genetic Fund of Kyrgyzstan 2015 (Volume 4, Biology and Soil Institute of the National Academy of Sciences of the Kyrgyz Republic), the pheasant is marked as a subendemic (range - Central Asia, Badakhshan, Kazakhstan south of 45 N., Kashgar and Xinjiang). Source http://www.naturalresources- centralasia.org/flermoneca/assets/files/2016-05-13_Cadastre_2015_small.pdf IUCN Red List Status - not assessed. The modern boundaries of the distribution of the Syrdarya pheasant, and the territory on which this subspecies has not yet been [possibly] destroyed, are in Uzbekistan. This is the territory of the former Abdusamat Nature Reserve (Fergana Valley, liquidated in the 90s), created in 1978 to protect the fauna (pheasants) and coastal vegetation (willow, poplar, char). In total, on the reserve area of 2518 hectares, there were 200- 300 pheasants (1978). Sources https://birds.uz/species/497, https://ewsdata.rightsindevelopment.org/files/documents/33/WB- P168233_DNEyocA.pdf, https://vcvetu.ru/rasteniya/7430/index.html?page=5 The named scientific sources reliably indicate the distribution of this pheasant subspecies in the recent past. However, its existence in the project area is currently impossible to confirm, due to the absence of its meetings during the surveys of the project area in 2018-2019.
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Author: Asif Khan. Date: 19/05/2012 Location: Dalverzinsky tugai in the middle reaches of Syrdarya, Uzbekistan
Figure 31: Syr-Daria Pheasant (Ph. Colchicus turcestanicus Lorenz 1896) 159. One species of mammals included in the Red Book of KR - Indian porcupine (Hystrix indica) [36]. According to the 2015 Cadastre of the Kyrgyz Genetic Fund (Volume 4, Institute of Biology and Soils of the National Academy of Sciences of KR, http://www.naturalresources-centralasia.org/flermoneca/assets/files/2016-05- 13_Cadastre_2015_small.pdf), The porcupine was noted as a widespread species and was discovered by A.I. Yanushevich. et al., (1972. Mammals of Kyrgyzstan. - F.: Ilim. - 464 p., 180 tab., 119 figures in the text) and Geptner V.G., Naumov N.P. other. (Ed.). Mammals of the Soviet Union. - M.: Higher school. - T. I (1961). - 736 el Vol. II, part 1 (1967). - 1022 el; T. II, ch. 2 (1972). - 542 el; Vol. II, part 3 (1976). - 984 р.). The named scientific sources reliably indicate the distribution in the recent past of this porcupine species, however, its existence cannot be confirmed at the present time due to the absence of its meetings during the survey of the territory in 2018-2019.
Figure 32: Hystrix indica, Indian porcupin (Hystrix indica) The species was found to be a low risk taxon (LC) according to the IUCN list.
The status of the species in the Red Book of the Kyrgyz Republic is a rare and endangered species, endangered in the territories and in the natural habitat located
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near the project area. In connection with the above, when there are no documented meetings, but the taxon category is determined and the conservation status is determined according to the IUCN list, the species is listed in the Red Book of the Kyrgyz Republic as a rare and endangered species - we define (Hystrix indica) as a vulnerable species in the territories and in natural habitat located near the project area. 160. According to the Cadastre [18], these species of animals are classified as previously found in the territory of Kyrgyzstan on the attached schematic map with a special zoogeographic zoning designated as the area of Prefergana Kyrgyzstan (PF) see Figure 33, tributaries of the Syrdarya River, (respectively canals).
Figure 33: Schematic map of the rare species distribution, indicated as the Sub- Ferghana Kyrgyzstan (SF). 161. Thus, 4 vulnerable species have been identified: 1. Turkestan catfish (Glyptosternum reticulatum McClelland) is a rare and endangered species that is endangered in the territories and in the natural habitat located near the project area: 2. Central Asian tortoise (Testudo (Agrionemys) horsfieldii), T. (A.) h. bogdanovi (Chkhikvadze) - subendemic, endangered species on the verge of extinction; 3. Syrdarya pheasant (Phasianus colchicus turcestanicus Lorenz 1896 Syr Daria Pheasant) - subendemic, endangered species, which is on the verge of extinction; 4. Indian Porcupine (Hystrix indica) is a rare, endangered species in protected areas and in natural habitats near the project area. The issue of preserving these species in the absence of recorded meetings in recent times remains open and unlikely, since when examining the anthropogenically modified biotopes adjacent to the canal, no traces of the habitation of these animals were found. The specified species were destroyed or left the territories under consideration (except for Somik Turkestan). 162. The confirmed types of anthropogenic threats for endangered species (or vulnerable species) are not directly related to any type of linear infrastructure development (in this case, canal rehabilitation). The preliminary conclusion is that the activities envisaged under the project will have a limited impact on the above species and habitats, since
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the presence of these sensitive animals in the anthropogenic agricultural environment of irrigation fields and irrigation structures is unlikely. 163. Routes of seasonal migrations, habitats and resting places, birds and mammals during migrations in the territory of the subproject were not noted. 164. IBAT tool used for the assessment of the IUCN Red List Animal Species on the coordinate of the project location of (40.2 North, 72.0 East). According to the report (IBAT PS6 & ESS6 Report, 2021, Appendix VI) results for this evaluation six animal species are potentially found within 50 km of the area of interest (Figure 35). All of these six species belong to the birds (aves taxonomic group) are IUCN Red List of Threatened Species (CR & EN) as listed in Table 19 and one of them is Restricted Range Species from amphibian taxonomic group as given at Table 20. Table 19: IUCN Red List of Threatened Species IUCN Species Common Taxonomi Populatio Categor Biome Name Name c Group n Trend y Vanellus Sociable Decreasin AVES CR Terrestrial gregarius Lapwing g White Oxyura Decreasin Terrestrial, headed AVES EN leucocephala g Freshwater Duck Pallas's Haliaeetus Decreasin Terrestrial, Fish AVES EN leucoryphus g Freshwater eagle Neophron Egyptian Decreasin Terrestrial, AVES EN percnopterus Vulture g Freshwater
Aquila Steppe Decreasin AVES EN Terrestrial nipalensis Eagle g Terrestrial, Saker Decreasin Falco cherrug AVES EN Marine, Falcon g Freshwater Source: (IBAT PS6 & ESS6 Report, 2021)
Table 20: Restricted Range Species Species Common Taxonomic IUCN Population Biome Name Name Group Category Trend Hynobius Turkestanian Terrestrial, turkestanic AMPHIBIA DD Unknown Salamander Freshwater us Source: (IBAT PS6 & ESS6 Report, 2021)
165. According to the IBAT PS6 & ESS6 Report, 2021 results for this evaluation 13 animal and one fungi species (Table 21) are potentially found within 50 km of the area of interest (Figure 35). All of these species are considered to be Vulnerable according to the IUCN Category.
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Table 21: IUCN Red List of Vulnerable Species Common IUCN Population Species Name Biome Name Category Trend Kingdom: Animalia, Class: Actinopterygii Cyprinus carpio Wild Common Carp VU U FW Luciobarbus Aral Barbel VU D FW brachycephalus Kingdom: Fungi, Class: Agaricomycetes Steppe grass black Picipes rhizophilus VU D T foot sporling Kingdom: Animalia, Class: Mammalia Panthera uncia Snow Leopard VU D T Vormela peregusna Marbled Polecat VU D T Kingdom: Animalia, Class: Reptilia Strauch's Even- Alsophylax loricatus VU D T fingered Gecko Phrynocephalus Fergana toad-headed VU D T saidalievi agamas Phrynocephalus Strauch's Toad VU D T strauchi Agama Kingdom: Animalia, Class: Aves Aythya ferina Common Pochard VU D M, FW, T Columba eversmanni Yellow-eyed Pigeon VU D FW, T Streptopelia turtur European Turtle-dove VU D T Clanga clanga Greater Spotted Eagle VU D FW, T Eastern Imperial Aquila heliaca VU D FW, T Eagle Chlamydotis Asian Houbara VU D T macqueenii Source: (IBAT PS6 & ESS6 Report, 2021) ; VU: Vulnerable, FW: Freshwater, M, Marine, T: Terrestrial, D Decreasing, U: Unknown
4.3 Protected Areas
166. There are seven protected areas in the Batken oblast (see Table 22). However, there is no protected natural areas in the project nearby area.
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Table 22: Data on the protected areas of the Kyrgyz Republic in Batken oblast Name date of establishment Location The objective and focus Area, ha of core activity State Nature Reserves (IUCN Category I) Surmatash State 27 June 2009 Kadamjay Conservation of unique 66,194 Nature Reserve rayon nature complexes and biological diversity, protection of rare and threatened species of flora and fauna, and extending network of specially protected nature areas. National Parks (IUCN Category II) Sarkent State 27 June 2009 Isfana rayon Conservation of the unique 40,000 Nature Park natural complexes and biodiversity, protection of rare and endangered flora and fauna, and extension of network of specially protected areas of Kyrgyz Republic Nature Monuments (IUCN Category III) Kan-i-Gut 20 August 2002 Batken Protection, restoration - Rayon, and use of geological Ak- Tatyr caves which is historical Village and cultural heritage of the Kyrgyz Republic
Botenical Reserves (IUCN Category IV) Chyragdan 1975 Kadamjay Conservation of the 500 Botanical Reserve rayon reference area of low-land desert dry steppe zone flora and habitats of endemic Tulipa rosea Vved. and Tulipa ferganica Vved Djan-Chakty 1975 Leilek Rayon Conservation of the Red 80 Botanical Reserve Book listed endemic Tulipa affinis. Khaidarken 1975 Batken Rayon To protect endemics tulips 30 Botanical Reserve (Tulipa rosea Vved. Mountain Aigul- 9 October 2009 Batken Rayon Conservation of unique 216 Tash nature complexes and biodiversity of Kyrgyzstan Source: State Agency for Environmental and Forestry Protection under Government of the Kyrgyz Republic
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Figure 34: Map of the protected areas in Kyrgyzstan
Kojo-Kaiyr Canal
Source: World Database on Protected Areas (WDPA, 2020)
167. IBAT tool used for the assessment of the designated areas based on the coordinate of the project location of (40.2 North, 72.0 East). According to the report (IBAT PS6 & ESS6 Report, 2021) results for this evaluation there are no either protected nor key biodiversity areas could be located in the buffers of 1, 10 and 50 km of project location (Figure 35). Figure 35: Displaying project location and buffers: 1 km, 10 km, 50 km
Source: IBAT PS6 & ESS6 Report, 2021 Location:(40.2 N, 72.0 E)
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4.4 Conclusion
168. The fauna and flora in the Kojo-Kaiyr irrigation system area is poor, and is represented mainly by species of the so-called "cultural landscape" (i.e., common species of large distribution areas). The habitats of notable species of mammals and birds are located at a safe distance from settlements and agricultural lands. The Isfayram river has no specific protection status, but it hosts a fish listed in the Kyrgyz Red Book of rare or endangered species, the Turkestan catfish. However, the habitat and movements of this species will be affected during a very short period (construction works) and on much localized areas. 169. International Finance Corporation’s Guidance Note 6 on Biodiversity Conservation and Sustainable Management of Living Natural Resources January 1, 2012 (updated June 27, 2019) (herein after IFC GN 6). IFC PS GN 6 has a set of criteria to determine if habitats should be considered whether it is critical or not. Critical habitat assessment of the Kojo-Kaiyr Canal construction is described below. - Criterion 1: Critically Endangered (CR) and/or Endangered (EN) species - Criterion 2: Endemic or restricted-range species - Criterion 3: Migratory or congregatory species - Criterion 4: Highly threatened and/or unique ecosystems - Criterion 5: Key evolutionary processes Criterion 1: Critically Endangered (CR) and/or Endangered (EN) species 170. This criterion has been used to determine the presence of global red list species within a Critical Habitat Area (CHA) boundary as an indicator of critical habitat. 171. According to the IBAT Freshwater Report as indicated in paragraph 150 there are no critically endangered and/or endangered aquatic animal species live in the project area. 172. As indicated at paragraph 164 according to the report (IBAT PS6 & ESS6 Report, 2021) results for this evaluation six IUCN Red List of Threatened Species animal species are potentially found within 50 km of the area of interest. (See Table 19) All of these species are from birds (Aves) taxonomic group. According to the initial biological survey conducted about the Kojo-Kaiyr Canal Construction site by Mr. Zhanybek Orozaly uulu, the species listed at Table 19 could not be determined. Therefore, it has been considered that there are no known CR or EN species reported for the Kojo-Kaiyr Canal Construction site area or nearby. That is, Critical Habitat has not been identified based on this criterion. Criterion 2: Endemic or restricted-range species 173. According to the initial biological survey conducted about the Kojo-Kaiyr Canal Construction site by Mr. Zhanybek Orozaly uulu, indicated the possible presence of Turkestan catfish, Central Asian tortoise, Syrdarya pheasant and Indian Porcupine which are listed in paragraph 161. Results of IBAT study has been compared with list given at 161, only one specie exists in IBAT PS6 & ESS6 Report, 2021 named Indian Porcupine (Hystrix indica) within the 50 km buffer zone. The IUCN category of this specie is given at IBAT list as LC OR LR/LC. According to IUCN taxon LC is the Least Concern when it has been evaluated against the criteria and does not qualify for Critically Endangered, Endangered, Vulnerable or Near Threatened. Widespread and
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abundant taxa are included in LC OR LR/LC category. Article GN74 of IFC PS GN 6 states that: “For purposes of this Guidance Note, the term endemic is defined as restricted-range. Restricted range refers to a limited extent of occurrence (EOO). - For terrestrial vertebrates and plants, restricted-range species are defined as those species that have an EOO less than 50,000 square kilometers (km²). …” 174. At the IUCN website (https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/10751/115099509# conservation-actions (04/February/2021) the EOO of 17,487,175 km². Since Hystrix indica species’ EOO is more than 50,000 km² it could not be evaluated as restricted name species. Based on the evaluation on this Criterions Critical Habitat is not identified. Criterion 3: Migratory or congregatory species 175. IFC GN 6 describes migratory species are as any species of which a significant proportion of its members cyclically and predictably move from one geographical area to another (including within the same ecosystem); and congregatory species are as species whose individuals gather in large groups on a cyclical or otherwise regular and/or predictable basis. 176. A full list of species that are found in 50 km buffer zone according to the IBAT PS6 & ESS6 Report, 2021 is given at the appendix Appendix VI. Their movement pattern is included, that is, their migratory situation has been indicated. According to the initial biological survey conducted about the Kojo-Kaiyr Canal Construction site by Mr. Zhanybek Orozaly uulu no migratory or congregatory species have been identified at the Kojo-Kaiyr Canal Construction site. Based on the evaluation on this Criterions Critical Habitat is not identified. 177. Whilst some of the bird species, especially the water birds do migrate and often congregate in large numbers at certain times of the year, it is not considered that the size, land use and habitats present within the Kojo-Kaiyr CHA will support significant numbers of either migrants or congregatory species. Therefore, the habitats are not considered to be Critical under this criterion. It could be concluded that Critical Habitat has not been identified based on this criterion. Criterion 4: Highly threatened and/or unique ecosystems 178. According to the paragraph 153 characteristics of habitat is defined as “shrubbery vegetation forms at an approximate altitude 1,800-2,000 m. Further on are the subalpine meadows and alpine wastelands. Only cultivated vegetation grows on irrigated lands. Besides that, the protected areas in Batken Oblast have been given at paragraph 166 has no relation with the Kojo-Kaiyr Canal area. IBAT PS6 & ESS6 Report, 2021 confirms that there is not any designated area there are no either protected nor key biodiversity areas within the buffers of 1, 10 and 50 km of project location. 179. On the base of these identifications, habitats laid along the Kojo-Kaiyr Canal area are not considered to be highly threatened. Actually, the similar habitats during and after the implementation will exist. Globally such modified habitats are common and not highly threatened. The developed ecosystem, while it has important links to the wider landscape of Kojo-Kaiyr is not considered to be unique. Based on the evaluation on this Criterion Critical Habitat is not identified.
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Criterion 5: Key evolutionary processes 180. The CHA boundary does not indicate high levels of sub species or endemism. Therefore, it has been considered minor and not connected to the wider landscape to be considered as a conceivable candidate for key evolutionary processes to be taking place. Based on the evaluation on this Criterion Critical Habitat is not identified. 181. According to the evaluation made above between paragraphs 169 and 180 based on IFC PS GN 6 habitats of the Kojo-Kaiyr Canal construction sites would not be considered critical habitat.
4.5 Social and Economic Conditions
182. Kadamjai Rayon was founded in 1938. The Rayon covers an area of 6,146 km². According to the National Statistics Committee’s data (2015), the resident population is 176.0 thousand people, whereof the urban population is 19.3 thousand people and the rural population is 156.7 thousand people. The average population density is 28.6 people per 1 km².
Source: PIC, December 2020 Figure 36: Kadamjai Rayon on the map of Batken Oblast 183. The territory of includes Kyzyl-Kiya, a city of regional significance (area 78 km2) with a population of 48.9 thousand people (urban population - 35.9 thousand people, rural - 13.0 thousand people), 2 cities of district significance: Kadamjai - 12.9 people (urban - 8.3 thousand people, rural - 4.6 thousand people), Aidarken - 11.0 thousand people, and 105 rural settlements in the following 13 Aiyl Aymaks: Ak-Turpak (14 settlements), Soviet (1), Chaivai (1), Alga (6), Birlik (11), Masaliev (8), Kotormo(10), Maidan (13), Markaz (6), Orozbekov (5), Uch-Korgon (12), Halmion (13), Kyrgyz-Kyshtak (5). 184. The Rayon administrative center is the city of Kadamjai with permanent population of 12.9 thousand people (urban: 8.3 thousand people, rural: 4.6 thousand people). There are 29,088 households in the district. 185. The main transport is automobile. The Following roads go across the Raion: Kyzyl- Kiya–Vuadil (Uzbekistan), Fergana–Aidarken–Batken, Kyzyl-Kiya–Kuva-Sai–Fergana, Isfana–Kyzyl-Kiya–Osh. A railway connects Kyzyl-Kiya city and Fergana city (Republic of Uzbekistan). Kyzyl-Kiya has an airport.
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4.6 Archaeological, cultural areas
186. Archaeological sites constitute holistic archaeological complexes. Archaeological complexes are organically incorporated into a holistic historical and cultural space or cultural landscapes. Historical and cultural space is a natural environment with its geographical, geological, geophysical characteristics, with a number of natural phenomena, which had been filled with objects of material and spiritual human activity (petroglyphs, stone structures, mounds, etc.) and adapted for everyday life in accordance with human needs and views. The projected site does not require additional researches since archaeological surveys were carried out during the Soviet period and archaeological sites and finds were registered and included in the State Protected Zone.
4.7 Focus on the environmental impact areas
187. The aim of the present section is to provide site-specific information about the main sensitive environmental receptors of the environmental impact areas. 188. The direct impact zone Number 1 of Kojo-Kaiyr is actually a merged direct impact zone of the construction activity Kojo-Kaiyr Canal Component Number of 2, 3, 4, 5, and 10. These construction activities are (i) Sector 1. Rehabilitation of the canal; (ii) Sector 2. Rehabilitation of the canal ; (iii) Sector 3. Rehabilitation of the canal, (iv) Sector 4. Rehabilitation of the banked earth canal; (v) Protective fencing construction. The sensitive environmental receptors identified at the construction site or in its surroundings are as follows: (See Figure 37) Physical environment: The canal in the direct impact zone is filled with water during the irrigation period, i.e., half of the year. Biological environment: The canal is occupied by desert vegetation (psammophytic shrubby, halophytic, tugai, meadow-boggy) on both sides. Orchards exist some locations the canal area. Species like Turkestan catfish are likely to be found in the along canal. One species of reptiles, subendemic Central Asian tortoise and one bird species, subendemic of Central Asia - Syr-Darya Pheasant could be located within this direct impact zone. Human environment: The north and east side of the canal is occupied partly by the settlement areas named Uch-Korgon, Kara Debe and Kozho villages. In between these settlements agricultural areas exist. The south of the canal is a mountainous site, that has been used for poaching purposes. Houses and livestock facilities exist in the direct impact zone. 189. The direct impact zone Number 2 includes construction of a mudflow storage reservoir at Ravine13. The sensitive environmental receptors identified at the construction site or in its surroundings are as follows (See Figure 38): Physical environment: This mudflow storage reservoir has been located at the mountainous area. It has been located at the narrowest part of the ravine. Biological environment: The mudflow storage in a hay area. This area is characterized by pasture grass ecosystem of desert type vegetation. Human environment: The area has been located at the poaching site. There are no settlements exit in the impact area. There are a few cattle farms located at the downstream and upstream location of impact zone.
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Figure 37 Illustration of Main Sensitive Environmental Receptors in Direct Impact Zone Number 1
Irrigation Areas Osh-Isfana Road Uch Korgon Village
Kara Debe Village Kozho Village İsfayram Sai River
Poaching Areas
Kojo-Kaiyr Canal
Source: OpenStreetMap, 2021 Direct Impact Zone
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Figure 38 Illustration of Main Sensitive Environmental Receptors in Direct Impact Zone Number 2
Kara Dobo Kozho Village Village
Irrigation Areas
Poaching Areas Kojo-Kaiyr Canal
Cattle farm
Source: OpenStreetMap, 2021 Direct Impact Zone
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190. The direct impact zone Number 3 includes two sites of dejection protection of the canal at hillsides from HM 181+33 to HM 188+03; and from HM 188+73 to HM 193+23. The sensitive environmental receptors identified at the construction site or in its surroundings are as follows (See Figure 39): Physical environment: The canal in the direct impact zone is filled with water during the irrigation period, i.e., half of the year. Biological environment: The canal is occupied by desert vegetation (psammophytic shrubby, halophytic, tugai, meadow-boggy) on both sides. Orchards exist only a few locations along the canal. Species like Turkestan catfish are likely to be found in the along canal. One species of reptiles, subendemic Central Asian tortoise and one bird species, subendemic of Central Asia - Syr-Darya Pheasant could be located within this direct impact zone. Human environment: The north part of the canal area a settlement named Sary Altyn village exists but does not coincide with the impact zone. In the direct impact zone, No 3, a few house and livestock facilities exist . Following this settlement along the canal, agricultural areas exist especially at the north side of the canal. The south of the canal is a mountainous site, that has been used for poaching purposes and growing fruits. 191. The direct impact zone Number 4 includes one site of dejection protection of the canal at hillsides from HM 209+43 to HM 221+03; and Sector 5. Rehabilitation of the canal. The sensitive environmental receptors identified at the construction site or in its surroundings are as follows (See Figure 40): Physical environment: The canal in the direct impact zone is filled with water during the irrigation period, i.e., half of the year. Biological environment: The canal is occupied by desert vegetation (psammophytic shrubby, halophytic, tugai, meadow-boggy) on both sides. Orchards exist at some locations along the canal. Species like Turkestan catfish are likely to be found in the along canal. One species of reptiles, subendemic Central Asian tortoise and one bird species, subendemic of Central Asia - Syr-Darya Pheasant could be located within this direct impact zone. Human environment: The north part of the canal area a settlement named Markaz village exists but does not coincide with the impact zone. In the direct impact zone, No 4 a few house and livestock facilities exist . Following this settlement along the canal, agricultural areas exist especially at the north side of the canal. The south of the canal is a mountainous site, that has been used for poaching purposes. 192. The direct impact zone Number 5 of Kojo-Kaiyr is actually a combination of direct impact zone of the construction activity Kojo-Kaiyr Canal Component Number of 1, 7, 8, and 12. These construction activities are (i) Rehabilitation of winter discharge at the head water intake structure at the Isfayram-Sai River; (ii) Reconstruction of a chute at HM 168+50 (182+50); and (iii) Rehabilitation of the canal section at mudflow crossing structures (19 sections); (iv) Hydroposts with measuring instrument. The sensitive environmental receptors identified at the construction site or in its surroundings are as follows (See Figure 41):
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Physical environment: existing hydraulic posts, water intake structure, chute and mudflow crossings that have been already located at the side of canal. Some of the rehabilitation site will be carried out in the settlement areas. Biological environment: The canal is occupied by desert vegetation (psammophytic shrubby, halophytic, tugai, meadow-boggy) on both sides. Orchards exist at some locations along the canal. Showing low ecological interest. Human environment: Either settlements of agricultural activity sites exit including the orchards. Main settlement areas are Balakysh, Uchkorgon, Kara Debe, Kara Dobo and Kozho villages. 193. The indirect impact zone includes irrigation areas, canals related to Kojo-Kaiyr and Isfayram Sai river makes border of the irrigation area. The north of the indirect impact zone has been formed by Uzbekistan border. Potential quarry and/or deposit sites and adjacent areas for assessment and management of quarrying/deposit impacts have been included in this area. (See Figure 42) Physical environment of the indirect zone has been described at sections 4.1 Climate; 4.2 Geology; 4.3 Hydrology, and 4.4 Soil and Vegetation Cover. Biological environment of the indirect zone has been described at sections 4.4 Soil and Vegetation Cover, and 4.5 Fauna. Human environment of the indirect zone has been described at section 4.6 Social and Economic Conditions.
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Figure 39 Illustration of Main Sensitive Environmental Receptors in Direct Impact Zone Number 3
Sary Altyn Village
Kara Dobo Village
Irrigation Areas
Orchard
Kojo-Kaiyr Direct Impact Zone Poaching Areas Canal Source: OpenStreetMap, 2021
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Figure 40 Illustration of Main Sensitive Environmental Receptors in Direct Impact Zone Number 4
Yangi Abad Markaz Village Village Osh-Isfana Road
Kokh Talaa Village Irrigation Areas
Arpa-Sai River
Kojo-Kaiyr Canal
Direct Impact Zone Poaching Areas Source: OpenStreetMap, 2021
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Figure 41 Illustration of Main Sensitive Environmental Receptors in Direct Impact Zone Number 5
Osh-Isfana Road
Irrigation Areas Markaz Uch Korgon Village Village Kara Dobo Kara Debe Village Village Sary Altyn Kozho Village Village İsfayram Sai River
Poaching Areas Kojo-Kaiyr Canal Balakysh Village Source: OpenStreetMap, 2021 Direct Impact Zone
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Figure 42 Illustration of Main Sensitive Environmental Receptors in Indirect Impact Zone
Uzbekistan Border Osh-Isfana Road
Isfayram Sai River Irrigation Areas
Poaching Areas
Kojo-Kaiyr Indirect Impact Canal
Source: OpenStreetMap, 2021
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5 ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES
5.1 Rationale for Basic option of Project implementation
194. The following two scenarios of the project was considered: - Scenario 1: Option A – No Project - Scenario 2: Option B - Construction 195. The most economical viable option is Option B. To increase the resistance of the irrigation system of the Saparbaeva-1 and the Saparbaeva-2 Canals to climate change and natural disasters, the project consists of: - Reconstruction of sections of the Saparbaeva-1 (1 section) and Saparbaeva-2 (3 sections) - Main Canals with a total length of 10.675 km; - Reconstruction and construction of mudflow crossing structures - 6 pcs; - Construction of three mudflow channels for collecting and transporting mudflow waters, with a total length of 1,564 km; - Replacement of hydromechanical equipment at all water discharge outlets to the second order canals and at the head water intake structures; - Reconstruction of water discharge outlets at mudflow storage reservoirs - 11 pcs; - Reconstruction of the waste water disposal facility at HM 76 + 40; - Reconstruction of the aqueduct at HM 79 + 70; - Construction of additional water discharge outlets on the canal - 6 pcs; - Construction of bridge crossings - 3 pcs; - Reconstruction and construction of hydraulic posts equipped with the control and measuring equipment (CME) - 26 pcs. 196. Over the long years of operation, the canals have become miserable; there is a very large loss of irrigation water for filtration. All destroyed sections of the canals are subject to rehabilitation. The rehabilitation work envisaged by the project will prevent the destruction of the canals, reduce filtration losses of water, and restore the throughput of the canals; water users will receive the required amount of irrigation water, which will have a positive effect on increasing crop yields and the development of animal husbandry Option B implementation intended to: - improve the facility infrastructure - contribute into the sustainable development of the territory - mitigate the risk of emergencies and environmental accidents 197. The rationale for option B in the view of environmental impact was developed according to the following basic environmental parameters: - Impacts on atmosphere - Impacts on surface and ground water - Impacts on land - Impacts on biodiversity (vegetation & fauna) - Impacts on social and economic conditions - impacts on archaeological and cultural sites. 198. Based on design studies of the construction process and studies of the environment background state, the possible environmental impact has been analysed. The recommendations on mitigation measures developed within the project show that potential impacts are prevented or reduced to acceptable levels.
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199. In applying various circumstances, the anthropogenic factors have a cumulative effect and can reach critical values. Exposure to such factors can result in significant damages. During the Option B implementation, the following anthropogenic factors will take place: - dust emissions when excavating, loading, transporting and trench backfilling - motor vehicle and isolated generator exhaust gas - oil and hazardous material spills - tire, brake pad and oil filter wear products - wastewater - garbage 200. If environmental protection measures are not observed the following natural factors may be applied: - wind and water erosion - other environment catastrophic processes. 201. To substantiate the socio-economic feasibility of the implementation of Option B a comprehensive assessment and significance of the impact on the socio-economic environment has been carried out within the scope of the project. According to the results of the comprehensive assessment and significance of impact including environmental impacts, it has been concluded that the impacts of on the atmosphere, land, surface and groundwater, fauna (biological resources), flora (landscapes) are and the social environment are low. Social benefits that will be achieved by improving the Saparbaeva Canal-1 and Saparbaeva Canal-2 irrigation infrastructures; by contributing into the sustainable development of the territory in terms of increasing the efficiency of agricultural production and irrigation water usage; by mitigating the risk of climate change caused emergencies. 202. Possible changes in the environment and certain related socio-economic and other changes as a result of the implementation of the planned activities are identified and described for the activities of Option B. Based on the environmental and related socio- economic and other consequences of its implementation, as well as forecasts of changes in the environment and socio-economic conditions, the possibility and feasibility of implementing the planned activities in the proposed territory provides a good opportunity compared to the reverse option, that is there is No Project (Option A). E.g. Option A (No Project) Alternative is not attractive due to social, environmental and economic factors. Option A (No Project) implies the absence of financial costs.
5.2 Design Concept Summary
203. The anticipated capital works involve repair works to 14 existing mudflow overpasses on the Kojo-Kaiyr canal and rehabilitation of damaged sections of the trapezoidal canal lining between HM20+25 to HM30+25 and from HM127+02 to HM137+02. 204. Kojo-Kaiyr canal system ranked highly amongst other networks within the Batken province during an infrastructure priority framework (IPF) assessment conducted on a previous project. The IPF was based on a multi-criteria approach to evaluate and prioritise proposed projects according to agreed social, environmental, financial and economic criteria. There are approximately 4,800 farmers, who would benefit from the improved irrigation. A preliminary local estimate for capital repair works for the mudflow structures is KGS 6.249 million (USD $90,000) and a preliminary local estimate for capital repair works for Kojo-Kaiyr canal from HM20+25 to HM30+25 and from HM127+02 to HM137+02 is KGS 20,252 million (USD $2.9 million)
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205. The intended works within the Kojo-Kaiyr subproject area includes rehabilitation and modernization of the existing systems. Therefore, no new land for irrigation and no new systems are planned for the subproject. Design flow = 9.0 m3/s; Area = 5,669 ha; 9/5669 =1,58 l/s ha-1 Distance = 130 km from Osh. 206. The Kojo-Kaiyr Subproject area is located in the Batken oblast in the Lower Syr Darya River Basin and does not belong to a transboundary irrigation system.
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Figure 43: Kojo-Kaiyr Aerial Image Source: Google Earth
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6 ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES
6.1 Introduction
207. Environmental Impacts of the Kojo-Kaiyr Subproject mainly will be faced during the construction phase. These impacts depend upon to the construction works and such as formation of dust, noise, exhaust emissions, solid waste production, vibration, chopping down trees, temporary effects on biological species which are mainly avoidable and mitigable. 208. The evaluation criteria for Kojo-Kaiyr Subproject have been at the Table 23. Then subproject evaluation of each subproject has been carried based on environmental impact zones described at section 1.4. Environmental impacts and mitigation measures caused by the construction activities carried on out at these zones have been briefly discussed for the construction and operation period. i) Construction period: this stage may imply significant impacts but on a limited period. The impacts are therefore direct and temporary. ii) Operational period: this stage operation may induce new or increased impacts. These impacts are direct or indirect, and may change depending on the operational processes. Table 23: Impact Screening Criteria Significance of Impact Screening Criteria The resource/receptor would likely experience a large magnitude impact that would endure for a long time, extend over a large area, exceed national/international standards, endangers public health and safety, threatens a species or habitat of national or High international significance, and/or exceeds a community’s resilience and ability to adapt to change. The Project may have difficulty in complying with the applicable ADB’s SPS (2009) requirement, and significant mitigation would likely be required. The resource/receptor would experience a clearly evident change from baseline conditions and would approach but not exceed Substantial applicable standards. The Project would comply with the applicable ADB’s SPS (2009) requirement, but mitigation would be required. The resource/receptor would experience a noticeable effect, but the magnitude of the impact is sufficiently small (with or without mitigation) that the overall effect would remain well within Moderate applicable standards. The Project would comply with the applicable ADB’s SPS (2009) requirement, but mitigation may be required. The resource/receptor will either not be affected or the likely effect would be imperceptible or indistinguishable from natural Low background variation. The Project would comply with the applicable ADB’s SPS (2009) requirement and mitigation would typically not be required.
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209. Following this evaluation, the expected benefits of the Subproject is given. The cumulative impacts resulting from the implementation of all the subproject components, based on the indirect environmental impact zone, have been discussed with a different approach (Section 6.7). Cumulative impact of the project shows that, if the mitigation measures described separately for each direct impact zone mentioned below could be applied, then the negative impacts of the project will be very minor, and quite environmentally and socially acceptable.
6.2 Direct Impact Zone Number 1
210. Brief description of the works: The construction activities in Direct Impact Zone Number 1 are (See Figure 1) mainly rehabilitation of the canal segments and construction of fences for protective purposes. The activities during the rehabilitation works are mainly includes the cleaning of the channel parts from vegetation, cleaning channel from sediments, dismantling of the existing monolithic concrete or concrete channel faces, levelling of bottom and side slopes, geomembrane and geotextile covering, cast-in situ concrete construction, construction of construction and expansion joints, etc. In Direct Impact Zone Number 1 totally 6.085 km of the canal segment will be rehabilitated. During the canal construction geo-composite material (geotextile and geomembrane) will be used instead of concrete bed. The use of the geocomposite material is expected to increase the efficiency of the canal facing and extend the service life of the canal. In Direct Impact Zone Number 1 to protect the canal from the entrance of animal and people a protective fence from a chain-link mesh will be constructed. This activity includes the levelling of the fence construction area, excavation of pole pits, pouring the concrete and construction the poles and assembling the chain-link meshes. The total length is considered to be approximately 2.3 km. 211. Expected positive and negative environmental impacts and avoidance or mitigation measures for the adverse impacts are given below:
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Table 24. Environmental Impacts and mitigation measures related to Direct Impact Zone Number 1 Significance of Impact (High, Substantial, Significance of Impact Description Proposed Mitigation Measures Moderate, Low) and Residual Impact justification Construction Period During rehabilitation works for the Low To avoid possible pollution of irrigation water in the Kojo-Kaiyr canal Low canals, it is expected that the flow of Minor impacts accepted the following measures will be taken into account: empty (after the the canals will be redistributed, since the activities agricultural season). which could affect the response to including the dredging of Using temporary sediment basins on the irrigation canal during the satisfying water demand. Dredging sediment from the canal construction might lessen turbidity problem. works increase water turbidity, will be carried out after which affects aquatic fauna and the irrigation season and The farmers shall be informed through WUA’s about the temporary users of water. Oil spills accident canal water will be cut off. water scarcity problems during the construction period. could happen from machinery used Some minor accidental To avoid the oil spills; oil storage locations will be allocated at least during construction. spills might occur during 25 m from the irrigation canal, potential spillways will be identified the side works along the and necessary spill countermeasures to contain, clean up and canal within the irrigation mitigate will be described in the emergency preparedness plan; season. employees will be trained on about the spill management, oil storage locations and construction site will be visually inspected for spills, spill response equipment and material will be available in the site. In case temporary work camps are required, construction of worker camps shall be located close to settlement areas but not near sensitive water resources. In such cases, the constructor needs to provide a detailed design of each work camp including infrastructure planning (water supply, electricity supply, waste management, wastewater treatment and disposal). Workers need to be trained how to behave and to handle waste and waste water according environmental management requirements. Water pollution caused by domestic Low To avoid the pollution created by the domestic effluent wastewater Low effluents produced at the Minor impacts have been produced at the construction camps will be stored at watertight septic expected due to the low tanks, the toilets will be available for the workers at the construction discharge amount of site which the wastewater effluent accumulation tanks/pits which do TA 51081-002 KGZ - IEE January 2021 Page 100
Significance of Impact (High, Substantial, Significance of Impact Description Proposed Mitigation Measures Moderate, Low) and Residual Impact justification construction camps and domestic effluent not leak to the surface water resources; and transferred by the construction site. (0.78 m³/day see licensed firms to the safe disposal or treatment site. Appendix 2 for calculations) Atmospheric emissions such as Low The Contractor shall take all necessary precautions to prevent the Low exhaust gases and dusts during the Approximately 100 occurrence of exhaust and dust emissions from the site including the construction, transport and storage houses and livestock concrete batch plant, silos. In particular, the concrete batch plant and of construction materials buildings are located silo shall be well maintained and measures taken so as not to be left within direct impact zone. running unnecessarily for long periods when not directly in use. The The ambient air quality in Contractor shall not burn any waste or construction in material at the the vicinity of the site. construction site will not To reduce dusting, a dust suppression system is provided that is be disturbed by the moistening materials to optimal humidity, and in connection with the exhaust emissions (4.721 application of these measures aimed at reducing emissions into the ton/year see Appendix 2 atmosphere, the effect on atmospheric air can be estimated as for calculations) and dust minimal to average. The construction, spoil and excavation material emissions (43.17 shall be transported into or from the site by trucks covered with tons/year see Appendix 2 tarpaulin. for calculations) To achieve improvements in fuel efficiency and realize the associated reductions in GHG emissions, contractor is expected to make changes ranging from reducing equipment idling time and improving maintenance to replacing or repowering equipment. Noise and vibration affect caused by Low The Contractor shall consider noise as an environmental constraint, Low trucks and construction machinery. Approximately 100 which must be addressed in the planning and execution of the works. houses and livestock He shall take all reasonable measures to reduce noise to a minimum. buildings are located The construction works will be limited to daytime (8 am to 8 pm) and within direct impact zone will be prohibited in weekends. The Contractor shall take all m. Construction works necessary measures to ensure that the operation of all mechanical will require transportation equipment and construction processes, on or off site, shall not cause TA 51081-002 KGZ - IEE January 2021 Page 101
Significance of Impact (High, Substantial, Significance of Impact Description Proposed Mitigation Measures Moderate, Low) and Residual Impact justification of approx. 8,085 m³ of any unnecessary and excessive noise which may disturb any construction materials occupant of nearby dwellings, schools, hospitals, or premises with including debris and similar sensitivity to noise. The contractor will monitor the noise and sediments. The total vibration level regularly at the construction site. amount of haulage is about 1620 trucks (carrying capacity is 5 m³) will be necessary. This requires between 5 and 10 trips per day. This will not significantly increase the traffic noise and vibration in the urban areas used by the trucks. Solid wastes produced during the Low Reuse alternatives for spoils, sediments generated by excavations Low construction activities Solid wastes of the will be searched by the contractor, the remaining ones will be safely construction activity are disposed of in the nearby locations that will be defined by the local mainly dismantled authorities. The deposits will be levelled so that will not form hills concrete (2,450 m³), and/or depressions. The necessary measures related to flooding and sediments (85 m³), drainage will be taken by the contractor. domestic solid waste The process of classifying waste types, stockpiling of waste at site, (24.0 m³/year). transportation and disposal of waste shall be subject to the Since the excavated approval/review of the State Inspection on Ecological and Technical materials are harmless Safety. The domestic solid waste will be sorted and deposited at the (no pollution). It is construction camp, disposed by the licensed firms and record will be assumed that they will be kept. Disposal of fly-tipping shall not be permitted. Deposition shall disposed of in the nearby be carried out in accordance with the requirements of Local area (≈10 km). The safe Authorities. To prove the correct depositing of excavated material disposal of the domestic and to prevent the occurrence of fly-tipping, daily logs of all spoil and waste has been provided. domestic solid waste removed from site by lorry shall be kept and TA 51081-002 KGZ - IEE January 2021 Page 102
Significance of Impact (High, Substantial, Significance of Impact Description Proposed Mitigation Measures Moderate, Low) and Residual Impact justification kept available both on site and at the authorized tips deposition for inspection by the relevant authorities. Construction materials extracted Low The contractor shall obtain the construction material either from the Low from borrow pits or quarries. The environmental licensed borrowing pits or quarries or they will be licensed and impacts related to the operated by the Contractor. In each case the Contractor is expected obtaining of construction to prepare a detailed Borrow Pit and Quarry Management Plan. The material from the borrow measures and responsibilities of the Contractor will be specified at pits, approx. 3 850 m³ of the Borrow Pit and Quarry Management Plan such as, top soil sand, gravel, etc., will be management, stockpiling of the residual material, refill, leveling controlled by the landscaping, drainage of surface water, etc. If the contractor uses its measures. own borrow pit and quarry the Borrow Pit and Quarry Management Plan is required to approved by State Inspection on Ecological and Technical Safety. Cut off irrigation water Moderate The irrigation water will be cut of after the irrigation season. To Low Farmers using the minimize hydrobiological impacts on the Turkestan catfish, the irrigation water will be irrigation water in the canal will be available during the spawning affected. Also, this canal period (May-July) of the Turkestan catfish hosts a fish listed on the Kyrgyz Red List of rare or endangered species (the Turkestan catfish), the potential impact is significant, even if a small portion of the fish population is affected. Disturbance of agricultural activities Low The construction works shall be carried out after the agricultural Low by means of access restriction, soil Some minor affects will season. Dust suppression measures will be applied by the be observed due to fruit Contractor. The Contractor shall avoid the use of the agricultural trees covered by dust fields during the construction activities. If the public access to the
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Significance of Impact (High, Substantial, Significance of Impact Description Proposed Mitigation Measures Moderate, Low) and Residual Impact justification compaction, trenching, dust emissions, diversion of agricultural areas has been limited due to the construction activities emissions. access to the agricultural the Contractor will provide alternative passages, routes, roads to the area, the agricultural soils public. will not be affected from the construction activities. Aesthetic impacts Low The Contractor shall keep the site clean, reasonably free from all Low The visual quality is unnecessary obstructions and shall safely store the construction usually poor, because of materials and dispose the spoils and solid waste from the material stockpiles, waste construction site. After the completion of the works, the Contractor depots, prefabricated shall immediately clear the work site from all materials, dust and offices and construction rubbish. machines. This temporary impact is considered to be minor due to mitigation measures taken. Increase in traffic volume due to the Low A traffic management plan will be provided by the Contractor Low construction activities. Roads in the settlement including the routes of transportation; speed arrangements; locations area will have an of the sensitive areas like markets, schools, hospitals; and signage, additional five to ten trips etc. If any damage is given by the Contractor to the public roads or of trucks per day. The bridges located on the routes the contractor shall repair, recover or existing roads in the compensate it. direct impact zone is adequate to cover this additional capacity. The necessary safety measures for the public will be taken during the construction period.
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Significance of Impact (High, Substantial, Significance of Impact Description Proposed Mitigation Measures Moderate, Low) and Residual Impact justification Hygiene and safety risks Low The Contractor shall adhere to take the necessary procedures to Low these small and simple secure the work site to prevent any accidents through construction of construction works are temporary fencing around the site in an appropriate height and type. not likely to induce high The Contractor will bear the responsibility to guard and secure the risks for the workers and work site during night and daytime (24 hours / day), provide the nearby population necessary lighting thereto, and fire protection and fire-fighting equipment. In general, the Contractor should take all necessary procedures and precautions to prevent injuries or death cases for the workmen or any other person. Safety to workers and the public shall be enhanced by: (i) Proper briefing and training of workers on safety precautions, and their responsibilities for the safety of themselves and others. (ii) Provision to workers of protective clothing including hard hats, and protective footwear. (iii) Ensuring plant and vehicle operators are properly licensed and trained. (iv) Arranging for the provision of first aid facilities, readily available trained paramedical personnel, and emergency transport to the nearest hospital with accident and emergency facilities, and allocation of responsibility for ensuring that these arrangements are continually in place. (v) Arranging for regular safety checks of vehicles and material, and allocation of responsibility for this. (vi) Provision of hazard warning signs around construction sites. Removal of vegetation Low During the construction activities, the Contractor will remove only Low During the rehabilitation reeds and vegetation including trees which are planted or naturally of 6.085 m of canal grown up in and on banks of canals. Vegetation along the canal
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Significance of Impact (High, Substantial, Significance of Impact Description Proposed Mitigation Measures Moderate, Low) and Residual Impact justification segment and construction should be removed where necessary. Where cutting of tree is of safety fences with a required if necessary, the permission will be obtained from the local length of 2.3 km due to competent authorities. Compensation measure might include the removal of vegetation plantation of new trees to the location defined by the local approximately 150 trees environmental authorities. which are planted or Removal of vegetation will increase the efficiency of canal naturally grown up will be conveyance capacity. removed along the canal. Communicable diseases: as Low, because this is a To mitigate the risk, the contractors’ contracts must show a clause on Low elsewhere, where worker’s housing small construction site, occupational health and safety measures to be guaranteed, and areas are established near requiring only a few include a paragraph, saying e.g.: “The Contractor is obliged to residential households and workers. ensure awareness raising information to his employees on how to communities, there will be short- protect oneself and others (local sex-workers, spouses, and other) terms risks of the spread of from contamination by STI/HIV/AIDS and other communicable communicable diseases from the diseases like COVID-19, and how to practice “safe sex”, personal ‘imported’ workers to local women or hygiene, and protect oneself against T.B, Rabies, Hepatitis” etc.” . It men and vice versa (STI/HIV/AIDS, should also be required that construction contractors distribute or T.B., Dengue fever, scabies, bed request that the local health officer distribute information material / bugs and other diseases and awareness campaigns and free condoms to immigrant workers and infections like COVID-19). the local sex-workers. Also, contractors shall maximize the number of local, residential workers, to minimize the risk to the local communities from imported labor. Potential opportunity for local Beneficial impact unemployed people to work as unskilled day labor, temporary during the civil works. The local communities and Beneficial impact households nearest to the construction sites / canals could
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Significance of Impact (High, Substantial, Significance of Impact Description Proposed Mitigation Measures Moderate, Low) and Residual Impact justification provide services during the construction periods: catering, cleaning, laundry, transportation, housing, etc. Operational impacts Increase in the conveyance capacity Beneficial impact Since the amount of the transmitted water in the canal will increase, of the Kojo-Kaiyr Canal after the rehabilitation of the canal the agricultural productivity and social income level will also increase. Protection of the public and/or Beneficial impact The construction of fences for protective purposes of 2.3 km length animal entrance to the Kojo-Kaiyr at the resettlement areas will increase the safety of public and Canal livestock located at the vicinity of the Kojo-Kaiyr Canal.
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6.3 Direct Impact Zone Number 2
212. Brief description of the works: The construction activities in Direct Impact Zone Number 2 are ((See Figure 2) is the construction area of mudflow storage reservoir at Ravine13. The construction activities in that area includes removal and stocking of the topsoil, excavation, cast-in situ concrete and levelling slopes, and reuse etc. The capacity of the mudflow storage reservoir will have 25,000 m³ and it will reduce the discharge from 5.65 m³/s to 4.25 m³/s. 213. Expected positive and negative environmental impacts and avoidance or mitigation measures for the adverse impacts are given below:
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Table 25. Environmental Impacts and mitigation measures related to Direct Impact Zone Number 2 Significance of Impact (High, Substantial, Significance of Impact Description Proposed Mitigation Measures Moderate, Low) and Residual Impact justification Construction Period Water pollution caused by domestic Low To avoid the pollution created by the domestic effluent wastewater Low effluents produced at the Minor impacts have been produced at the construction site the toilets will be available for the construction camps and expected due to the low workers which the wastewater effluent accumulation tanks/pits which construction site. discharge amount of do not leak to the surface water resources; and transferred by the domestic effluent at the licensed firms to the safe disposal or treatment site. construction site. Atmospheric emissions such as Low The Contractor shall take all necessary precautions to prevent the Low exhaust gases and dusts during the The area has been occurrence of exhaust and dust emissions from the site including the construction, transport and storage located at the poaching concrete batch plant, silos. In particular, the concrete batch plant and of construction materials site. There are no silo shall be well maintained and measures taken so as not to be left settlements exit in the running unnecessarily for long periods when not directly in use. The impact area. There are a Contractor shall not burn any waste or construction in material at the few cattle farms located site. at the downstream and To reduce dusting, a dust suppression system is provided that is upstream location of moistening materials to optimal humidity, and in connection with the impact zone. The application of these measures aimed at reducing emissions into the ambient air quality in the atmosphere, the effect on atmospheric air can be estimated as vicinity of the construction minimal to average. The construction, spoil and excavation material site will not be disturbed shall be transported into or from the site by trucks covered with by the exhaust emissions tarpaulin. To achieve improvements in fuel efficiency and realize the associated reductions in GHG emissions, contractor is expected to make changes ranging from reducing equipment idling time and improving maintenance to replacing or repowering equipment. Noise and vibration affect caused by Low The Contractor shall consider noise as an environmental constraint, Low trucks and construction machinery. The area has been which must be addressed in the planning and execution of the works. located at the poaching He shall take all reasonable measures to reduce noise to a minimum.
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Significance of Impact (High, Substantial, Significance of Impact Description Proposed Mitigation Measures Moderate, Low) and Residual Impact justification site. There are no The construction works will be limited to daytime (8 am to 8 pm) and settlements exit in the will be prohibited in weekends. The Contractor shall take all impact area. There are a necessary measures to ensure that the operation of all mechanical few cattle farms located equipment and construction processes, on or off site, shall not cause at the downstream and any unnecessary and excessive noise which may disturb any upstream location of occupant of nearby dwellings or premises with similar sensitivity to impact zone. noise. The contractor will monitor the noise and vibration level regularly at the construction site. Solid wastes produced during the Low The contractor shall scrap the top soil approximately 20 cm, stock it Low construction activities Top soil will be scrapped, at the site, and use for landscaping after the completion of the stored and reused at the construction works. landscaping works. Excavation material will be used for refill purposes at the site no domestic waste will be produced at the site. Construction materials extracted Low The contractor shall obtain the construction material either from the Low from borrow pits or quarries. The environmental licensed borrowing pits or quarries or they will be licensed and impacts related to the operated by the Contractor. In each case the Contractor is expected obtaining of construction to prepare a detailed Borrow Pit and Quarry Management Plan. The material from the borrow measures and responsibilities of the Contractor will be specified at pits, will be controlled by the Borrow Pit and Quarry Management Plan such as, top soil the measures. management, stockpiling of the residual material, refill, leveling landscaping, drainage of surface water, etc. If the contractor uses its own borrow pit and quarry the Borrow Pit and Quarry Management Plan is required to approved by State Inspection on Ecological and Technical Safety.
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Significance of Impact (High, Substantial, Significance of Impact Description Proposed Mitigation Measures Moderate, Low) and Residual Impact justification Disturbance to the poaching Low The construction works shall be carried out during the poaching. Low activities Some minor affects will Dust suppression measures will be applied by the Contractor. The be observed due to contractor shall provide watchman for the protection of animals to the vegetation covered by site. dust emissions. Aesthetic impacts Low The Contractor shall keep the site clean, reasonably free from all Low The visual quality is unnecessary obstructions and shall safely store the construction usually poor, because of materials and dispose the spoils and solid waste from the material stockpiles, waste construction site. After the completion of the works, the Contractor depots, prefabricated shall immediately clear the work site from all materials, dust and offices and construction rubbish. machines. This temporary impact is considered to be minor due to mitigation measures taken. Increase in traffic volume due to the Low A traffic management plan will be provided by the Contractor Low construction activities. Roads in the including the routes of transportation; speed arrangements; locations constructions area will of the sensitive areas like markets, schools, hospitals; and signage, have an additional two to etc. If any damage is given by the Contractor to the public roads or five trips of trucks per bridges located on the routes the contractor shall repair, recover or day. The existing roads in compensate it. the direct impact zone is adequate to cover this additional capacity. The necessary safety measures for the public will be taken during the construction period.
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Significance of Impact (High, Substantial, Significance of Impact Description Proposed Mitigation Measures Moderate, Low) and Residual Impact justification Hygiene and safety risks Low The Contractor shall adhere to take the necessary procedures to Low these small and simple secure the work site to prevent any accidents through construction of construction works are temporary fencing around the site in an appropriate height and type. not likely to induce high The Contractor will bear the responsibility to guard and secure the risks for the workers and work site during night and daytime (24 hours / day), provide the nearby population necessary lighting thereto, and fire protection and fire-fighting equipment. In general, the Contractor should take all necessary procedures and precautions to prevent injuries or death cases for the workmen or any other person. Safety to workers and the public shall be enhanced by: (i) Proper briefing and training of workers on safety precautions, and their responsibilities for the safety of themselves and others. (ii) Provision to workers of protective clothing including hard hats, and protective footwear. (iii) Ensuring plant and vehicle operators are properly licensed and trained. (iv) Arranging for the provision of first aid facilities, readily available trained paramedical personnel, and emergency transport to the nearest hospital with accident and emergency facilities, and allocation of responsibility for ensuring that these arrangements are continually in place. (v) Arranging for regular safety checks of vehicles and material, and allocation of responsibility for this. (vi) Provision of hazard warning signs around construction sites. Removal of vegetation Low During the construction activities, the Contractor will remove the Low Since the location of the vegetation with the scrapped top soil. Vegetation will be naturally mudflow reservoir area formed after laying the top soil.
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Significance of Impact (High, Substantial, Significance of Impact Description Proposed Mitigation Measures Moderate, Low) and Residual Impact justification has only grass. The grass will be removed together with the topsoil from the construction area. Communicable diseases: as Low, because this is a To mitigate the risk, the contractors’ contracts must show a clause on Low elsewhere, where worker’s housing small construction site, occupational health and safety measures to be guaranteed, and areas are established near requiring only a few include a paragraph, saying e.g.: “The Contractor is obliged to residential households and workers. ensure awareness raising information to his employees on how to communities, there will be short- protect oneself and others (local sex-workers, spouses, and other) terms risks of the spread of from contamination by STI/HIV/AIDS and other communicable communicable diseases from the diseases like COVID-19, and how to practice “safe sex”, personal ‘imported’ workers to local women or hygiene, and protect oneself against T.B, Rabies, Hepatitis” etc.” . It men and vice versa (STI/HIV/AIDS, should also be required that construction contractors distribute or T.B., Dengue fever, scabies, bed request that the local health officer distribute information material / bugs and other diseases and awareness campaigns and free condoms to immigrant workers and infections like COVID-19). the local sex-workers. Also, contractors shall maximize the number of local, residential workers, to minimize the risk to the local communities from imported labor. Potential opportunity for local Beneficial impact unemployed people to work as unskilled day labor, temporary during the civil works. The local communities and Beneficial impact households nearest to the construction sites / canals could provide services during the construction periods: catering,
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Significance of Impact (High, Substantial, Significance of Impact Description Proposed Mitigation Measures Moderate, Low) and Residual Impact justification cleaning, laundry, transportation, housing, etc. Operational impacts Decrease in the discharge of water Beneficial impact Since the discharge amount of the water will be decreased by the at Ravine 13 from 5.65 m³/s to 4.25 mudflow reservoir, the sustainability of the Kojo-Kaiyr Canal will be m³/s kept.
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6.4 Direct Impact Zone Number 3
214. Brief description of the works: The construction activities in Direct Impact Zone Number 3 are (See Figure 3) includes two sites of protection of the canal from the debris entering from hillsides at HM 181+33 to HM 188+03; and at HM 188+73 to HM 193+23. The construction activities in these areas includes the arrangement of berms and the flattering of high slopes adjacent to the edges of the concrete canal. The purpose of the construction is protecting the entrance of soil debris into the canal and keeping canal’s water conveyance capacity. During the leveling work the removal and stocking of the topsoil, arrangement of slopes and berms by cutting and filling work is required. The length of construction activity area will be 1.12 km. 215. Expected positive and negative environmental impacts and avoidance or mitigation measures for the adverse impacts are given below:
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Table 26. Environmental Impacts and mitigation measures related to Direct Impact Zone Number 3 Significance of Impact (High, Substantial, Significance of Impact Description Proposed Mitigation Measures Moderate, Low) and Residual Impact justification Construction Period During arrangement of berms and Low To avoid the oil spills; oil storage locations will be allocated at least Low the flattering of high slopes adjacent Minor impacts associated 25 m from the irrigation canal, potential spillways will be identified to the edges of the concrete canal, it with minor accidental and necessary spill countermeasures to contain, clean up and is expected that Oil spills accident spills might occur during mitigate will be described in the emergency preparedness plan; could happen from machinery used the side works along the employees will be trained on about the spill management, oil storage during construction. canal within the irrigation locations and construction site will be visually inspected for spills, season. spill response equipment and material will be available in the site. In case temporary work camps are required, construction of worker camps shall be located close to settlement areas but not near sensitive water resources. In such cases, the constructor needs to provide a detailed design of each work camp including infrastructure planning (water supply, electricity supply, waste management, wastewater treatment and disposal). Workers need to be trained how to behave and to handle waste and waste water according environmental management requirements. Water pollution caused by domestic Low To avoid the pollution created by the domestic effluent wastewater Low effluents produced at the Minor impacts have been produced at the construction site the toilets will be available for the construction camps and expected due to the low workers which the wastewater effluent accumulation tanks/pits which construction site. discharge amount of do not leak to the surface water resources; and transferred by the domestic effluent at the licensed firms to the safe disposal or treatment site. construction site. Atmospheric emissions such as Low The Contractor shall take all necessary precautions to prevent the Low exhaust gases and dusts during the Only a few houses and occurrence of exhaust and dust emissions from the site including the construction, transport and storage livestock buildings are concrete batch plant, silos. In particular, the concrete batch plant and of construction materials located within direct silo shall be well maintained and measures taken so as not to be left impact zone. The running unnecessarily for long periods when not directly in use. The ambient air quality in the TA 51081-002 KGZ - IEE January 2021 Page 116
Significance of Impact (High, Substantial, Significance of Impact Description Proposed Mitigation Measures Moderate, Low) and Residual Impact justification vicinity of the construction Contractor shall not burn any waste or construction in material at the site will not be disturbed site. by the exhaust emissions To reduce dusting, a dust suppression system is provided that is moistening materials to optimal humidity, and in connection with the application of these measures aimed at reducing emissions into the atmosphere, the effect on atmospheric air can be estimated as minimal to average. The construction, spoil and excavation material shall be transported into or from the site by trucks covered with tarpaulin. To achieve improvements in fuel efficiency and realize the associated reductions in GHG emissions, contractor is expected to make changes ranging from reducing equipment idling time and improving maintenance to replacing or repowering equipment. Noise and vibration affect caused by Low The Contractor shall consider noise as an environmental constraint, Low trucks and construction machinery. Only a few houses and which must be addressed in the planning and execution of the works. livestock buildings are He shall take all reasonable measures to reduce noise to a minimum. located within direct The construction works will be limited to daytime (8 am to 8 pm) and impact zone. The total will be prohibited in weekends. The Contractor shall take all amount of haulage is necessary measures to ensure that the operation of all mechanical about a one or two trucks equipment and construction processes, on or off site, shall not cause per day This will not any unnecessary and excessive noise which may disturb any significantly increase the occupant of nearby dwellings or premises with similar sensitivity to traffic noise and vibration noise. The contractor will monitor the noise and vibration level in the urban areas used regularly at the construction site. by the trucks. Solid wastes produced during the Low The contractor shall scrap the top soil approximately 20 cm, stock it Low construction activities Top soil will be scrapped, at the site, and use for landscaping after the completion of the stored and reused at the construction works. landscaping works. TA 51081-002 KGZ - IEE January 2021 Page 117
Significance of Impact (High, Substantial, Significance of Impact Description Proposed Mitigation Measures Moderate, Low) and Residual Impact justification Excavation material will be used for refill purposes at the site no domestic waste will be produced at the site. Disturbance of agricultural activities Low The construction works shall be carried out after the agricultural Low by means of access restriction, soil Some minor affects will season. Dust suppression measures will be applied by the compaction, trenching, dust be observed due to fruit Contractor. The Contractor shall avoid the use of the agricultural emissions. trees covered by dust fields during the construction activities. If the public access to the emissions, diversion of agricultural areas has been limited due to the construction activities access to the agricultural the Contractor will provide alternative passages, routes, roads to the area, the agricultural soils public. will not be affected from the construction activities. Aesthetic impacts Low The Contractor shall keep the site clean, reasonably free from all Low The visual quality is unnecessary obstructions and shall safely store the construction usually poor, because of materials and dispose the spoils and solid waste from the material stockpiles, waste construction site. After the completion of the works, the Contractor depots, prefabricated shall immediately clear the work site from all materials, dust and offices and construction rubbish. machines. This temporary impact is considered to be minor due to mitigation measures taken. Increase in traffic volume due to the Low A traffic management plan will be provided by the Contractor Low construction activities. Roads in the settlement including the routes of transportation; speed arrangements; locations area will have an of the sensitive areas like markets, schools, hospitals; and signage, additional one two trips of etc. If any damage is given by the Contractor to the public roads or
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Significance of Impact (High, Substantial, Significance of Impact Description Proposed Mitigation Measures Moderate, Low) and Residual Impact justification trucks per day. The bridges located on the routes the contractor shall repair, recover or existing roads in the compensate it. direct impact zone is adequate to cover this additional capacity. The necessary safety measures for the public will be taken during the construction period. Hygiene and safety risks Low The Contractor shall adhere to take the necessary procedures to Low these small and simple secure the work site to prevent any accidents through construction of construction works are temporary fencing around the site in an appropriate height and type. not likely to induce high The Contractor will bear the responsibility to guard and secure the risks for the workers and work site during night and daytime (24 hours / day), provide the nearby population necessary lighting thereto, and fire protection and fire-fighting equipment. In general, the Contractor should take all necessary procedures and precautions to prevent injuries or death cases for the workmen or any other person. Safety to workers and the public shall be enhanced by: (i) Proper briefing and training of workers on safety precautions, and their responsibilities for the safety of themselves and others. (ii) Provision to workers of protective clothing including hard hats, and protective footwear. (iii) Ensuring plant and vehicle operators are properly licensed and trained. (iv) Arranging for the provision of first aid facilities, readily available trained paramedical personnel, and emergency transport to the nearest hospital with accident and emergency facilities, and
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Significance of Impact (High, Substantial, Significance of Impact Description Proposed Mitigation Measures Moderate, Low) and Residual Impact justification allocation of responsibility for ensuring that these arrangements are continually in place. (v) Arranging for regular safety checks of vehicles and material, and allocation of responsibility for this. (vi) Provision of hazard warning signs around construction sites. Removal of vegetation Low During the construction activities, the Contractor will remove only Low During the arrangement reeds and vegetation including trees which are planted or naturally of berms and the grown up in and on banks of canals. Vegetation along the canal flattering of high slopes should be removed where necessary. Where cutting of tree is adjacent to the edges of required if necessary, the permission will be obtained from the local the concrete canal with a competent authorities. Compensation measure might include the length of 1.12 km due to plantation of new trees to the location defined by the local removal of vegetation environmental authorities. approximately 20 trees Removal of vegetation will increase the efficiency of canal which are planted or conveyance capacity. naturally grown up will be removed along the canal. Communicable diseases: as Low, because this is a To mitigate the risk, the contractors’ contracts must show a clause on Low elsewhere, where worker’s housing small construction site, occupational health and safety measures to be guaranteed, and areas are established near requiring only a few include a paragraph, saying e.g.: “The Contractor is obliged to residential households and workers. ensure awareness raising information to his employees on how to communities, there will be short- protect oneself and others (local sex-workers, spouses, and other) terms risks of the spread of from contamination by STI/HIV/AIDS and other communicable communicable diseases from the diseases like COVID-19, and how to practice “safe sex”, personal ‘imported’ workers to local women or hygiene, and protect oneself against T.B, Rabies, Hepatitis” etc.” . It men and vice versa (STI/HIV/AIDS, should also be required that construction contractors distribute or T.B., Dengue fever, scabies, bed request that the local health officer distribute information material / awareness campaigns and free condoms to immigrant workers and the local sex-workers. Also, contractors shall maximize the number TA 51081-002 KGZ - IEE January 2021 Page 120
Significance of Impact (High, Substantial, Significance of Impact Description Proposed Mitigation Measures Moderate, Low) and Residual Impact justification bugs and other diseases and of local, residential workers, to minimize the risk to the local infections like COVID-19). communities from imported labor. Potential opportunity for local Beneficial impact unemployed people to work as unskilled day labor, temporary during the civil works. The local communities and Beneficial impact households nearest to the construction sites / canals could provide services during the construction periods: catering, cleaning, laundry, transportation, housing, etc. Operational impacts Decrease in the risk due to Beneficial impact The decrease in the risk of obstruction of canal with the sediments accumulation of sediments at the carried out to the canal by means of the rainfall will increase the edges of the canal. sustainable use of the irrigation water.
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6.5 Direct Impact Zone Number 4
216. Brief description of the works: The construction activities in Direct Impact Zone Number 4 are (See Figure 4) rehabilitation of the canal segment and protection of the canal from the debris entering to the canal at HM 209+43 to HM 221+03. The activities during the rehabilitation works are mainly includes the cleaning of the channel parts from vegetation, cleaning channel from sediments, dismantling of the existing monolithic concrete or concrete channel faces, levelling of bottom and side slopes, geomembrane and geotextile covering, cast-in situ concrete construction, construction of construction and expansion joints, etc. The length of the canal segment that will be rehabilitated is 1.1 km. During the canal construction geo-composite material (geotextile and geomembrane) will be used instead of concrete bed. In order to increase the efficiency of the canal facing and extend the service life of the canal. In Direct Impact Zone Number 4 to protect the canal from the entrance of debris from hillsides the arrangement of berms and the flattering of high slopes adjacent to the edges of the concrete canal. The purpose of the construction is protecting the entrance of soil debris into the canal and keeping canal’s water conveyance capacity. During the leveling work the removal and stocking of the topsoil, arrangement of slopes and berms by cutting and filling work is required. The length of construction activity area will be 1.16 km. 217. Expected positive and negative environmental impacts and avoidance or mitigation measures for the adverse impacts are given below:
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Table 27. Environmental Impacts and mitigation measures related to Direct Impact Zone Number 4 Significance of Impact (High, Substantial, Significance of Impact Description Proposed Mitigation Measures Moderate, Low) and Residual Impact justification Construction Period During rehabilitation works for the Low To avoid possible pollution of irrigation water in the Kojo-Kaiyr canal Low canals and arrangement of berms Minor impacts accepted the following measures will be taken into account: empty (after the and the flattering of high slopes since the activities agricultural season). adjacent to the edges of the including the dredging of Using temporary sediment basins on the irrigation canal during the concrete canal, it is expected that sediment from the canal construction might lessen turbidity problem. the flow of the canals will be will be carried out after redistributed, which could affect the the irrigation season and The farmers shall be informed through WUA’s about the temporary response to satisfying water canal water will be cut off. water scarcity problems during the construction period. demand. Dredging works increase Some minor accidental To avoid the oil spills; oil storage locations will be allocated at least water turbidity, which affects aquatic spills might occur during 25 m from the irrigation canal, potential spillways will be identified fauna and users of water. Oil spills the side works along the and necessary spill countermeasures to contain, clean up and accident could happen from canal within the irrigation mitigate will be described in the emergency preparedness plan; machinery used during construction. season. employees will be trained on about the spill management, oil storage locations and construction site will be visually inspected for spills, spill response equipment and material will be available in the site. In case temporary work camps are required, construction of worker camps shall be located close to settlement areas but not near sensitive water resources. In such cases, the constructor needs to provide a detailed design of each work camp including infrastructure planning (water supply, electricity supply, waste management, wastewater treatment and disposal). Workers need to be trained how to behave and to handle waste and waste water according environmental management requirements. Water pollution caused by domestic Low To avoid the pollution created by the domestic effluent wastewater Low effluents produced at the Minor impacts have been produced at the construction camps will be stored at watertight septic expected due to the low tanks, the toilets will be available for the workers at the construction site which the wastewater effluent accumulation tanks/pits which do TA 51081-002 KGZ - IEE January 2021 Page 123
Significance of Impact (High, Substantial, Significance of Impact Description Proposed Mitigation Measures Moderate, Low) and Residual Impact justification construction camps and discharge amount of not leak to the surface water resources; and transferred by the construction site. domestic effluent licensed firms to the safe disposal or treatment site. Atmospheric emissions such as Low The Contractor shall take all necessary precautions to prevent the Low exhaust gases and dusts during the A few houses and occurrence of exhaust and dust emissions from the site including the construction, transport and storage livestock buildings are concrete batch plant, silos. In particular, the concrete batch plant and of construction materials located within direct silo shall be well maintained and measures taken so as not to be left impact zone. The running unnecessarily for long periods when not directly in use. The ambient air quality in the Contractor shall not burn any waste or construction in material at the vicinity of the construction site. site will not be disturbed To reduce dusting, a dust suppression system is provided that is by the exhaust emissions moistening materials to optimal humidity, and in connection with the application of these measures aimed at reducing emissions into the atmosphere, the effect on atmospheric air can be estimated as minimal to average. The construction, spoil and excavation material shall be transported into or from the site by trucks covered with tarpaulin. To achieve improvements in fuel efficiency and realize the associated reductions in GHG emissions, contractor is expected to make changes ranging from reducing equipment idling time and improving maintenance to replacing or repowering equipment. Noise and vibration affect caused by Low The Contractor shall consider noise as an environmental constraint, Low trucks and construction machinery. A few houses and which must be addressed in the planning and execution of the works. livestock buildings are He shall take all reasonable measures to reduce noise to a minimum. located within direct The construction works will be limited to daytime (8 am to 8 pm) and impact zone. will be prohibited in weekends. The Contractor shall take all Construction works will necessary measures to ensure that the operation of all mechanical require transportation of equipment and construction processes, on or off site, shall not cause approx. 9,235 m³ of any unnecessary and excessive noise which may disturb any construction materials occupant of nearby dwellings or premises with similar sensitivity to TA 51081-002 KGZ - IEE January 2021 Page 124
Significance of Impact (High, Substantial, Significance of Impact Description Proposed Mitigation Measures Moderate, Low) and Residual Impact justification including debris and noise. The contractor will monitor the noise and vibration level sediments. The total regularly at the construction site. amount of haulage is about 1850 trucks (carrying capacity is 5 m³) will be necessary. This requires between 5 and 10 trips per day. This will not significantly increase the traffic noise and vibration in the urban areas used by the trucks. Solid wastes produced during the Low Reuse alternatives for spoils, sediments generated by excavations Low construction activities Solid wastes of the will be searched by the contractor, the remaining ones will be safely construction activity are disposed of in the nearby locations that will be defined by the local mainly dismantled authorities. The deposits will be levelled so that will not form hills concrete (544 m³), and/or depressions. The necessary measures related to flooding and domestic solid waste drainage will be taken by the contractor. (24.0 m³/year). The process of classifying waste types, stockpiling of waste at site, Since the excavated transportation and disposal of waste shall be subject to the materials are harmless approval/review of the State Inspection on Ecological and Technical (no pollution). It is Safety. The domestic solid waste will be sorted and deposited at the assumed that they will be construction camp, disposed by the licensed firms and record will be disposed of in the nearby kept. Disposal of fly-tipping shall not be permitted. Deposition shall area (≈10 km). The safe be carried out in accordance with the requirements of Local disposal of the domestic Authorities. To prove the correct depositing of excavated material waste has been provided. and to prevent the occurrence of fly-tipping, daily logs of all spoil and Top soil will be scrapped, domestic solid waste removed from site by lorry shall be kept and stored and reused at the kept available both on site and at the authorized tips deposition for landscaping works. inspection by the relevant authorities.
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Significance of Impact (High, Substantial, Significance of Impact Description Proposed Mitigation Measures Moderate, Low) and Residual Impact justification The contractor shall scrap the top soil approximately 20 cm, stock it at the site, and use for landscaping after the completion of the construction works. Construction materials extracted Low The contractor shall obtain the construction material either from the Low from borrow pits or quarries. The environmental licensed borrowing pits or quarries or they will be licensed and impacts related to the operated by the Contractor. In each case the Contractor is expected obtaining of construction to prepare a detailed Borrow Pit and Quarry Management Plan. The material from the borrow measures and responsibilities of the Contractor will be specified at pits, approx. 765 m³ of the Borrow Pit and Quarry Management Plan such as, top soil sand, gravel, etc., will be management, stockpiling of the residual material, refill, leveling controlled by the landscaping, drainage of surface water, etc. If the contractor uses its measures. own borrow pit and quarry the Borrow Pit and Quarry Management Plan is required to approved by State Inspection on Ecological and Technical Safety. Cut off irrigation water Moderate The irrigation water will be cut off after the irrigation season. To Low Farmers using the minimize hydrobiological impacts on the Turkestan catfish, the irrigation water will be irrigation water in the canal will be available during the spawning affected. Also, this canal period (May-July) of the Turkestan catfish hosts a fish listed on the Kyrgyz Red List of rare or endangered species (the Turkestan catfish), the potential impact is significant, even if a small portion of the fish population is affected. Disturbance of agricultural activities Low The construction works shall be carried out after the agricultural Low by means of access restriction, soil Some minor affects will season. Dust suppression measures will be applied by the be observed due to fruit Contractor. The Contractor shall avoid the use of the agricultural
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Significance of Impact (High, Substantial, Significance of Impact Description Proposed Mitigation Measures Moderate, Low) and Residual Impact justification compaction, trenching, dust trees covered by dust fields during the construction activities. If the public access to the emissions. emissions, diversion of agricultural areas has been limited due to the construction activities access to the agricultural the Contractor will provide alternative passages, routes, roads to the area, the agricultural soils public. will not be affected from the construction activities. Aesthetic impacts Low The Contractor shall keep the site clean, reasonably free from all Low The visual quality is unnecessary obstructions and shall safely store the construction usually poor, because of materials and dispose the spoils and solid waste from the material stockpiles, waste construction site. After the completion of the works, the Contractor depots, prefabricated shall immediately clear the work site from all materials, dust and offices and construction rubbish. machines. This temporary impact is considered to be minor due to mitigation measures taken. Increase in traffic volume due to the Low A traffic management plan will be provided by the Contractor Low construction activities. Roads in the settlement including the routes of transportation; speed arrangements; locations area will have an of the sensitive areas like markets, schools, hospitals; and signage, additional five to ten trips etc. If any damage is given by the Contractor to the public roads or of trucks per day. The bridges located on the routes the contractor shall repair, recover or existing roads in the compensate it. direct impact zone is adequate to cover this additional capacity. The necessary safety measures for the public
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Significance of Impact (High, Substantial, Significance of Impact Description Proposed Mitigation Measures Moderate, Low) and Residual Impact justification will be taken during the construction period. Hygiene and safety risks Low The Contractor shall adhere to take the necessary procedures to Low these small and simple secure the work site to prevent any accidents through construction of construction works are temporary fencing around the site in an appropriate height and type. not likely to induce high The Contractor will bear the responsibility to guard and secure the risks for the workers and work site during night and daytime (24 hours / day), provide the nearby population necessary lighting thereto, and fire protection and fire-fighting equipment. In general, the Contractor should take all necessary procedures and precautions to prevent injuries or death cases for the workmen or any other person. Safety to workers and the public shall be enhanced by: (i) Proper briefing and training of workers on safety precautions, and their responsibilities for the safety of themselves and others. (ii) Provision to workers of protective clothing including hard hats, and protective footwear. (iii) Ensuring plant and vehicle operators are properly licensed and trained. (iv) Arranging for the provision of first aid facilities, readily available trained paramedical personnel, and emergency transport to the nearest hospital with accident and emergency facilities, and allocation of responsibility for ensuring that these arrangements are continually in place. (v) Arranging for regular safety checks of vehicles and material, and allocation of responsibility for this. (vi) Provision of hazard warning signs around construction sites.
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Significance of Impact (High, Substantial, Significance of Impact Description Proposed Mitigation Measures Moderate, Low) and Residual Impact justification Removal of vegetation Low During the construction activities, the Contractor will remove only Low During the rehabilitation reeds and vegetation including trees which are planted or naturally of 1.100 m of canal grown up in and on banks of canals. Vegetation along the canal segment and should be removed where necessary. Where cutting of tree is arrangement of berms required if necessary, the permission will be obtained from the local and the flattering of high competent authorities. Compensation measure might include the slopes adjacent to the plantation of new trees to the location defined by the local edges of the concrete environmental authorities. canal with a length of Removal of vegetation will increase the efficiency of canal 1.160 m due to removal conveyance capacity. of vegetation approximately 20 trees which are planted or naturally grown up will be removed along the canal. Communicable diseases: as Low, because this is a To mitigate the risk, the contractors’ contracts must show a clause on Low elsewhere, where worker’s housing small construction site, occupational health and safety measures to be guaranteed, and areas are established near requiring only a few include a paragraph, saying e.g.: “The Contractor is obliged to residential households and workers. ensure awareness raising information to his employees on how to communities, there will be short- protect oneself and others (local sex-workers, spouses, and other) terms risks of the spread of from contamination by STI/HIV/AIDS and other communicable communicable diseases from the diseases like COVID-19, and how to practice “safe sex”, personal ‘imported’ workers to local women or hygiene, and protect oneself against T.B, Rabies, Hepatitis” etc.” . It men and vice versa (STI/HIV/AIDS, should also be required that construction contractors distribute or T.B., Dengue fever, scabies, bed request that the local health officer distribute information material / bugs and other diseases and awareness campaigns and free condoms to immigrant workers and infections like COVID-19). the local sex-workers. Also, contractors shall maximize the number of local, residential workers, to minimize the risk to the local communities from imported labor.
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Significance of Impact (High, Substantial, Significance of Impact Description Proposed Mitigation Measures Moderate, Low) and Residual Impact justification Potential opportunity for local Beneficial impact unemployed people to work as unskilled day labor, temporary during the civil works. The local communities and Beneficial impact households nearest to the construction sites / canals could provide services during the construction periods: catering, cleaning, laundry, transportation, housing, etc. Operational impacts Increase in the conveyance capacity Beneficial impact Since the amount of the transmitted water in the canal will increase, of the Kojo-Kaiyr Canal after the rehabilitation of the canal the agricultural productivity and social income level will also increase. Protection of the public and/or Beneficial impact The construction of fences for protective purposes of 2.3 km length animal entrance to the Kojo-Kaiyr at the resettlement areas will increase the safety of public and Canal livestock located at the vicinity of the Kojo-Kaiyr Canal. Decrease in the risk due to Beneficial impact The decrease in the risk of obstruction of canal with the sediments accumulation of sediments at the carried out to the canal by means of the rainfall will increase the edges of the canal. sustainable use of the irrigation water.
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6.6 Direct Impact Zone Number 5
218. Brief description of the works: The construction activities in Direct Impact Zone Number 1 are (See Figure 5) do not include extensive areas of construction, they will be realized in spot locations, such as rehabilitation of winter discharge at the head water intake structure at the Isfayram-Sai River; reconstruction of a chute at HM 168+50 (182+50); rehabilitation of the canal section at mudflow crossing structures at 19 sections; and rehabilitation of Hydroposts with measuring instrument. These includes minor construction works and equipment installation works, including construction of new still wells at seven of the hydroosts. 219. Expected positive and negative environmental impacts and avoidance or mitigation measures for the adverse impacts are given below:
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Table 28. Environmental Impacts and mitigation measures related to Direct Impact Zone Number 5 Significance of Impact (High, Substantial, Significance of Impact Description Proposed Mitigation Measures Moderate, Low) and Residual Impact justification Construction Period During rehabilitation works for the Low To avoid possible pollution of irrigation water in the Kojo-Kaiyr canal Low main intake and chute, mudflow Minor impacts accepted the following measures will be taken into account: empty (after the crossing structures and since the activities at the agricultural season). rehabilitation of hydropost, it is canal will be carried out The farmers shall be informed through WUA’s about the temporary expected that the flow of the canals after the irrigation season water scarcity problems during the construction period. will be redistributed, which could and canal water will be affect the response to satisfying cut off. Some minor To avoid the oil spills; oil storage locations will be allocated at least water demand. accidental spills might 25 m from the irrigation canal, potential spillways will be identified occur during the side and necessary spill countermeasures to contain, clean up and works along the canal mitigate will be described in the emergency preparedness plan; within the irrigation employees will be trained on about the spill management, oil storage season. locations and construction site will be visually inspected for spills, spill response equipment and material will be available in the site. In case temporary work camps are required, construction of worker camps shall be located close to settlement areas but not near sensitive water resources. In such cases, the constructor needs to provide a detailed design of each work camp including infrastructure planning (water supply, electricity supply, waste management, wastewater treatment and disposal). Workers need to be trained how to behave and to handle waste and waste water according environmental management requirements. Water pollution caused by domestic Low To avoid the pollution created by the domestic effluent wastewater Low effluents produced at the Minor impacts have been produced at the construction camps will be stored at watertight septic construction camps and expected due to the low tanks, the toilets will be available for the workers at the construction construction site. discharge amount of site which the wastewater effluent accumulation tanks/pits which do domestic effluent not leak to the surface water resources; and transferred by the (0.78 m³/day see licensed firms to the safe disposal or treatment site.
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Significance of Impact (High, Substantial, Significance of Impact Description Proposed Mitigation Measures Moderate, Low) and Residual Impact justification Appendix 2 for calculations) Atmospheric emissions such as Low The Contractor shall take all necessary precautions to prevent the Low exhaust gases and dusts during the Resettlement areas are occurrence of exhaust and dust emissions from the site including the construction, transport and storage located at the nearby concrete batch plant, silos. In particular, the concrete batch plant and of construction materials area of this impact zone. silo shall be well maintained and measures taken so as not to be left The ambient air quality in running unnecessarily for long periods when not directly in use. The the vicinity of the Contractor shall not burn any waste or construction in material at the construction site will not site. be disturbed by the To reduce dusting, a dust suppression system is provided that is exhaust emissions. moistening materials to optimal humidity, and in connection with the application of these measures aimed at reducing emissions into the atmosphere, the effect on atmospheric air can be estimated as minimal to average. The construction, spoil and excavation material shall be transported into or from the site by trucks covered with tarpaulin. To achieve improvements in fuel efficiency and realize the associated reductions in GHG emissions, contractor is expected to make changes ranging from reducing equipment idling time and improving maintenance to replacing or repowering equipment. Noise and vibration affect caused by Low The Contractor shall consider noise as an environmental constraint, Low trucks and construction machinery. Resettlement areas are which must be addressed in the planning and execution of the works. located at the nearby He shall take all reasonable measures to reduce noise to a minimum. area of this impact zone. The construction works will be limited to daytime (8 am to 8 pm) and Rehabilitation works will will be prohibited in weekends. The Contractor shall take all require transportation of necessary measures to ensure that the operation of all mechanical construction materials equipment and construction processes, on or off site, shall not cause including debris. This any unnecessary and excessive noise which may disturb any requires between 1 and 2 occupant of nearby dwellings, schools, hospitals, or premises with TA 51081-002 KGZ - IEE January 2021 Page 133
Significance of Impact (High, Substantial, Significance of Impact Description Proposed Mitigation Measures Moderate, Low) and Residual Impact justification trips per day. This will not similar sensitivity to noise. The contractor will monitor the noise and significantly increase the vibration level regularly at the construction site. traffic noise and vibration in the urban areas used by the trucks. Solid wastes produced during the Low Reuse alternatives for spoils, metals generated by excavations will Low construction activities Solid wastes of the be searched by the contractor, the remaining ones will be safely construction activity are disposed of in the nearby locations that will be defined by the local mainly dismantled authorities. The deposits will be levelled so that will not form hills concrete, domestic solid and/or depressions. The necessary measures related to flooding and waste. drainage will be taken by the contractor. Since the excavated The process of classifying waste types, stockpiling of waste at site, materials are harmless transportation and disposal of waste shall be subject to the (no pollution). It is approval/review of the State Inspection on Ecological and Technical assumed that they will be Safety. The domestic solid waste will be sorted and deposited at the disposed of in the nearby construction camp, disposed by the licensed firms and record will be area (≈10 km). The safe kept. Disposal of fly-tipping shall not be permitted. Deposition shall disposal of the domestic be carried out in accordance with the requirements of Local waste has been provided. Authorities. To prove the correct depositing of excavated material and to prevent the occurrence of fly-tipping, daily logs of all spoil and domestic solid waste removed from site by lorry shall be kept and kept available both on site and at the authorized tips deposition for inspection by the relevant authorities. Construction materials extracted Low The contractor shall obtain the construction material either from the Low from borrow pits or quarries. The environmental licensed borrowing pits or quarries or they will be licensed and impacts related to the operated by the Contractor. In each case the Contractor is expected obtaining of construction to prepare a detailed Borrow Pit and Quarry Management Plan. The material from the borrow measures and responsibilities of the Contractor will be specified at pits, like sand, gravel, the Borrow Pit and Quarry Management Plan such as, top soil
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Significance of Impact (High, Substantial, Significance of Impact Description Proposed Mitigation Measures Moderate, Low) and Residual Impact justification etc., will be controlled by management, stockpiling of the residual material, refill, leveling the measures. landscaping, drainage of surface water, etc. If the contractor uses its own borrow pit and quarry the Borrow Pit and Quarry Management Plan is required to approved by State Inspection on Ecological and Technical Safety. Cut off irrigation water Moderate The irrigation water will be cut off after the irrigation season. To Low Farmers using the minimize hydrobiological impacts on the Turkestan catfish, the irrigation water will be irrigation water in the canal will be available during the spawning affected. Also, this canal period (May-July) of the Turkestan catfish hosts a fish listed on the Kyrgyz Red List of rare or endangered species (the Turkestan catfish), the potential impact is significant, even if a small portion of the fish population is affected. Disturbance of agricultural activities Low The construction works shall be carried out after the agricultural Low by means of access restriction, soil Some minor affects will season. Dust suppression measures will be applied by the compaction, trenching, dust be observed due to fruit Contractor. The Contractor shall avoid the use of the agricultural emissions. trees covered by dust fields during the construction activities. If the public access to the emissions, diversion of agricultural areas has been limited due to the construction activities access to the agricultural the Contractor will provide alternative passages, routes, roads to the area, the agricultural soils public. will not be affected from the construction activities. Aesthetic impacts Low The Contractor shall keep the site clean, reasonably free from all Low The visual quality is unnecessary obstructions and shall safely store the construction usually poor, because of materials and dispose the spoils and solid waste from the
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Significance of Impact (High, Substantial, Significance of Impact Description Proposed Mitigation Measures Moderate, Low) and Residual Impact justification material stockpiles, waste construction site. After the completion of the works, the Contractor depots, prefabricated shall immediately clear the work site from all materials, dust and offices and construction rubbish. machines. This temporary impact is considered to be minor due to mitigation measures taken. Increase in traffic volume due to the Low A traffic management plan will be provided by the Contractor Low construction activities. Roads in the settlement including the routes of transportation; speed arrangements; locations area will have an of the sensitive areas like markets, schools, hospitals; and signage, additional one to two trips etc. If any damage is given by the Contractor to the public roads or of trucks per day. The bridges located on the routes the contractor shall repair, recover or existing roads in the compensate it. direct impact zone is adequate to cover this additional capacity. The necessary safety measures for the public will be taken during the construction period. Hygiene and safety risks Low The Contractor shall adhere to take the necessary procedures to Low these small and simple secure the work site to prevent any accidents through construction of construction works are temporary fencing around the site in an appropriate height and type. not likely to induce high The Contractor will bear the responsibility to guard and secure the risks for the workers and work site during night and daytime (24 hours / day), provide the nearby population necessary lighting thereto, and fire protection and fire-fighting equipment. In general, the Contractor should take all necessary procedures and precautions to prevent injuries or death cases for the
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Significance of Impact (High, Substantial, Significance of Impact Description Proposed Mitigation Measures Moderate, Low) and Residual Impact justification workmen or any other person. Safety to workers and the public shall be enhanced by: (i) Proper briefing and training of workers on safety precautions, and their responsibilities for the safety of themselves and others. (ii) Provision to workers of protective clothing including hard hats, and protective footwear. (iii) Ensuring plant and vehicle operators are properly licensed and trained. (iv) Arranging for the provision of first aid facilities, readily available trained paramedical personnel, and emergency transport to the nearest hospital with accident and emergency facilities, and allocation of responsibility for ensuring that these arrangements are continually in place. (v) Arranging for regular safety checks of vehicles and material, and allocation of responsibility for this. (vi) Provision of hazard warning signs around construction sites. Removal of vegetation Low No mitigation measures will be needed. Low During the rehabilitation works for the main intake and chute, mudflow crossing structures no vegetation removal will be required. Communicable diseases: as Low, because this is a To mitigate the risk, the contractors’ contracts must show a clause on Low elsewhere, where worker’s housing small construction site, occupational health and safety measures to be guaranteed, and areas are established near include a paragraph, saying e.g.: “The Contractor is obliged to residential households and ensure awareness raising information to his employees on how to TA 51081-002 KGZ - IEE January 2021 Page 137
Significance of Impact (High, Substantial, Significance of Impact Description Proposed Mitigation Measures Moderate, Low) and Residual Impact justification communities, there will be short- requiring only a few protect oneself and others (local sex-workers, spouses, and other) terms risks of the spread of workers. from contamination by STI/HIV/AIDS and other communicable communicable diseases from the diseases like COVID-19, and how to practice “safe sex”, personal ‘imported’ workers to local women or hygiene, and protect oneself against T.B, Rabies, Hepatitis” etc.” . It men and vice versa (STI/HIV/AIDS, should also be required that construction contractors distribute or T.B., Dengue fever, scabies, bed request that the local health officer distribute information material / bugs and other diseases and awareness campaigns and free condoms to immigrant workers and infections like COVID-19). the local sex-workers. Also, contractors shall maximize the number of local, residential workers, to minimize the risk to the local communities from imported labor. Potential opportunity for local Beneficial impact unemployed people to work as unskilled day labor, temporary during the civil works. The local communities and Beneficial impact households nearest to the construction sites / canals could provide services during the construction periods: catering, cleaning, laundry, transportation, housing, etc. Operational impacts Increase in the conveyance capacity Beneficial impact Since the amount of the transmitted water in the canal will increase, of the Kojo-Kaiyr Canal after the rehabilitation of the canal the agricultural productivity and social income level will also increase. Increase in the efficiency of Beneficial impact Since the metered amount will be provided to the WUA’s, the farmers irrigation water usage will efficiently use the irrigation water.
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6.7 Cumulative Impacts
220. The following main sources of environment and social impact were identified in the construction area: (1) Air pollutant emissions (2) Wastewater disposal (3) Solid waste disposal (4) Noise (5) Vibration 221. Assessment of the environmental impact of the proposed activity is based on the impact spatial range determination, the period scale of the impact and the significance of changes caused by impact, qualitative characteristic and their quantitative value transferring into the score points according to Regulation on procedure for assessment environmental impact in the Kyrgyz Republic, Appendix 7, Tables 1-3.
6.7.1 Impacts on air quality and its significance
222. Pollutant emissions are distributed within the land allotment and sanitary protection zone (SPZ). Distribution of most ingredients, especially inorganic dust, comes mainly from low unorganized sources within the work site. The largest contribution to the total emission is made by inorganic dust with a silica content of 20-70% during construction and pollutant emissions from petroleum, oil and lubricants (POL). 223. It is assumed that the excess of MPC outside the land allotment and SPZ will not be observed for any of the pollutants, provided that the specified technological parameters are observed and measures are taken to minimize the environmental impact of production. Based on the above, the significance of indicators of spatial scale of impact is characterized as Local: environmental impact within the site of planned activity (1 point). 224. The definition of indicators of the time scale of impact observed over a long period is estimated as Short-term: impact observed over a limited period up to 3 months - (1 point). 225. When determining indicators of the significance of changes in the natural environment (outside the area with technical facilities), the adjacent area is allocated for the siting of construction infrastructure facilities (work camps, parking lots and vehicle and heavy machinery stations, warehouses). Inorganic dust emissions will occur within the work site, slightly changing the natural atmosphere background upwards. To reduce dusting, a dust suppression system is provided that is moistening materials to optimal humidity, and in connection with the application of these measures aimed at reducing emissions into the atmosphere, the effect on atmospheric air can be estimated as minimal to average. Such changes are not critical for atmospheric air due to low emissions when the environment changes are moderate (insignificant emissions of gases or dust during the movements). Natural environment changes are classified as - Minor: environment changes do not exceed the existing limits of natural variability - (1 point). 226. The total number of points characterizes the impact on atmospheric air has a low significance impact (1 point).
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Table 29: Environmental Impact Assessment Gradation for Air Quality Grade Impact Assessment Impact Gradation Point, Q Definitions of impact spatial Local: environmental impact within 1 indicators the site of planned activity
Definitions of impact time Short-term: impact observed over a 1 indicators limited period up to 3 months
Determination of indicators of the Minor: environment changes do not 1 significance of changes in the exceed the existing limits of natural natural environment (outside the variability area with technical facilities) Overall assessment Low 1
6.7.2 Impacts on Surface and Groundwater quality and its significance
227. The water source is a water supply system or tankers with drinking water. However, dry closets will not be connected to the water supply system and will be emptied with a sewage truck as they fill up, to avoid faeces entering the soil and the underground horizon. The facility has hazard category II for discharges - discharging wastewater into reservoirs, cesspools, septic tanks, etc. with subsequent disposal to treatment facilities. Based on the above, the significance of indicators of spatial scale of impact is characterized as Local: environmental impact within the site of planned activity (1 point). 228. The definition of indicators of the time scale of impact observed over a long period is estimated as Short-term: impact observed over a limited period up to 3 months - (1 point). 229. Water for production and fire-fighting purposes, will be taken from existing and authorized water supply sources; no other impacts on water sources are planned. When determining indicators of the significance of environment changes this impact is characterized as Minor: environment changes do not exceed the existing limits of natural variability (1 point). 230. The total number of points characterizes the impact on water sources has low significance impact (1 point). Table 30: Environmental Impact Assessment Gradation for Water Quality Grade Impact Assessment Impact Gradation Point, Q 1 Definitions of impact spatial Local: environmental impact within indicators the site of planned activity
Definitions of impact time Short-term: impact observed over a 1 indicators limited period up to 3 months Determination of indicators of the 1 Minor: environment changes do not significance of changes in the exceed the existing limits of natural natural environment (outside the variability area with technical facilities) Overall assessment Low 1
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6.7.3 Impacts on soil and land their significance
231. The topsoil layer is ubiquitous and lies from the surface to a depth of 0.1-0.3 m. Land for these purposes will be allocated within the canal area. When determining indicators of the significance of environment changes this environment impact of the planned activity is characterized as Local: environmental impact within the site of planned activity (1 point). 232. The definition of indicators of the time scale of impact observed over a long period is estimated as Short-term: impact observed over a limited period up to 3 months - (1 point). 233. Wastes (faeces) and solid waste generated by personnel will be taken out by sewage trucks to existing treatment facilities by an agreement with the “Vodocanal” enterprise. Operation of the facility has hazard category III for wastes and hazard class 4 wastes are generated by production activities. Natural environment changes that will appear during the project implementation are classified as - Minor: environment changes do not exceed the existing limits of natural variability - (1 point). 234. The total number of points characterizes the impact on soil has a low significance impact (1 point). Table 31: Environmental Impact Assessment Gradation for Soil Quality Grade Impact Assessment Impact Gradation Point, Q Definitions of impact spatial Local: environmental impact within 1 indicators the site of planned activity Definitions of impact time Short-term: impact observed over a 1 indicators limited period up to 3 months 1 Determination of indicators of the Minor: environment changes do not significance of changes in the exceed the existing limits of natural natural environment (outside the variability area with technical facilities) Overall assessment Low 1
6.7.4 Impacts on fauna and its significance
235. Impact of the project will be on the soil invertebrates when moving the topsoil. 1 m² of topsoil layer contains in average more than 100 billion protozoan cells, millions of rotifers and tardigrades, tens of millions of nematodes, tens and hundreds of thousands of ticks and apterous insects, mainly collembolans, thousands of other arthropods, tens of thousands of pot worms, tens and hundreds of earthworms, mollusks and other invertebrates. In addition, 1 cm² of soil contains tens and hundreds of millions of bacteria, microfungi, ray fungi and other micro-organisms. Hundreds of thousands of photosynthetic cells of green, yellow-green, diatom and blue-green algae live in each gram of illuminated surface layer. Living organisms are as characteristic for the soil as its inanimate components.
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Figure 44: Soil microfauna and Soil mesofauna 238. One m² of soil contains from ten to several hundred individuals of the mesofauna, from several thousand to several hundred thousand individuals of the microfauna; and the number of protozoa in 1 g of soil amounts to the thousands. The fauna includes: permanent inhabitants (geobionts); organisms using the soil for one of the active (feeding) stages (geophils); species using soil only as a refuge (geoxenes). Soil fauna populates mainly the upper soil horizons (to 20-40 cm deep down); only a few species go down to a depth of 1 m in dry areas. Soil fauna is an important factor for soil formation which affects all soil properties including fertility. The overwhelming majority of soil invertebrates are not capable of any active movement, and therefore, in areas subjected to various impact types, they tend to die completely.
Soil macrofauna Figure 45:Soil macrofauna 239. Wildlife conservation will be ensured by construction work and maintenance activity localization within the allotted land. Based on the above, the significance of indicators of spatial scale of impact is characterized as Local: environmental impact within the site of planned activity (1 point). 240. The definition of indicators of the time scale of impact observed over a long period is estimated as Perennial (permanent): impact observed for more than 3 years - (4 points).
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241. In recent decades it was shown [57] that the spatial structure of community distribution in the soil is extremely heterogeneous (Figure 4). The superposition of natural heterogeneity on the soil biogeocenoses fragmentation resulting from the disturbances leads to a highly mosaic structure of the spatial distribution of communities. Locally undisturbed areas make a major contribution to restoration within the framework of major disturbances and they make it possible to begin restoration along the entire disturbed area, not just from its edges. Locally undisturbed areas, the so-called refugiums, or microrefugiums can act as a source of recovery after violations.
a b 245. c a - from the edges; b - through the perfugiums within the disturbed area; c - perfugium network connected with help of less disturbed corridors Figure 46: Settlement sources for disturbed areas 246. Based on above, natural environment changes are characterized as - Weak: natural environment changes exceed the limits of natural variability, and the natural environment is self-restored completely after impact termination - (2 points). 247. The total number of points characterizes the impact on fauna has a low significance impact (8 point). Table 32: Environmental Impact Assessment Gradation for Fauna Grade Impact Assessment Impact Gradation Point, Q 1 Definitions of impact spatial Local: environmental impact within indicators the site of planned activity 4 Definitions of impact time Perennial (permanent): impact indicators observed for more than 3 years
Weak: natural environment changes 2 Determination of indicators of the exceed the limits of natural significance of changes in the variability the natural environment is natural environment (outside the self-restored completely after area with technical facilities) impact termination Overall assessment Low 8
6.7.5 Impacts on flora and vegetation cover and their significance
248. Vegetation is one of the moving components of the natural environment. Hence it changes most rapidly due to impact of economic activity. Moreover, the impact of human activity can be negative or positive. Negative impacts include the direct destroying of plants in order to use them in the area (tree felling, ploughing, grazing).
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249. The planned activity site and the adjacent area that have already been affected by such impacts due to the site surface layout, top soil cutting, are subject to destruction of undersized weeds (wild oats, broom, cockle, wild radish, geranium, orach, salt grasses and etc.). Mechanical disturbances and partial destruction of the fertile topsoil layer with plants, such a vegetation impact of the planned activity is characterized as Local: environmental impact within the site of planned activity (1 point). 250. The definition of indicators of the time scale of impact observed over a long period is estimated as Perennial (permanent): impact observed for more than 3 years - (4 points). 251. The lands within the area are assigned to lands permanently withdrawn from agricultural purpose lands. The impact of equipment will be limited by the boundaries of allotted areas. Thus, the natural environment changes that exceed the limits of natural variability and lead to disturbances of individual components are classified as Moderate: the natural environment changes exceeding the limits of natural variability lead to disturbances of environment individual components. The natural environment retains the ability to self-restore (3 points). 252. The total number of points characterizes the impact on vegetation as a middle significance impact (12 point). Table 33: Environmental Impact Assessment Gradation for Flora and Vegetation Cover Grade Impact Assessment Impact Gradation Point, Q 1 Definitions of impact spatial Local: environmental impact within the indicators site of planned activity 4 Definitions of impact time Perennial (permanent): impact indicators observed for more than 3 years 3 Moderate: the natural environment Determination of indicators of changes exceeding the limits of the significance of changes in natural variability lead to disturbances the natural environment (outside of environment individual the area with technical facilities) components. The natural environment retains the ability to self-restore
Overall assessment middle 12
6.7.6 Noise impact and its significance
253. Noise and vibration sources will be vehicles and mechanisms used for work fulfilment. The expected noise exposure should be within the limits of MPC up to 70 dB. In the daytime the sensitivity of most existing impacts, identified as a working area in proximity to the work sites is high, but the impact degree is insignificant, therefore, in comply with the impact significance table and according to spatial scale indicators, the impact is estimated as - Local: environmental impact within the site of planned activity (1 point). 254. The definition of indicators of the time scale of impact observed over a long period is estimated as Short-term: impact observed over a limited period up to 3 months - (1 point). 255. Predicted noise levels have the potential to create a more intense impact since the impact subject is specific, that is the technogenic environment, the canal territory, i.e. the environment artificially created as a result of human economic activity and human
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life support. In this case public health largely depends on the quality of the anthropogenic environment. In the conditions of the canal, the impact on humans as a natural component is weakened, and the effect of anthropogenic factors is sharply enhanced which can be fully applied to noise, the constant element of the anthropogenic environment. In this case and this industrial environment, the noise sensitivity is quite high, however, the impact degree is classified as - Minor (1 point). 256. The total number of points characterizes the noise impact has a low significance impact (1 point). Table 34: Environmental Impact Assessment Gradation for Noise Grade Impact Assessment Impact Gradation Point, Q 1 Definitions of impact spatial Local: environmental impact within indicators the site of planned activity
Definitions of impact time Short-term: impact observed over a 1 indicators limited period up to 3 months 1 Determination of indicators of the Minor: environment changes do not significance of changes in the exceed the existing limits of natural natural environment (outside the variability area with technical facilities)
Overall assessment Low 1
6.7.7 Vibration impact and its significance
257. The most unfavourable levels of vibration caused by machinery & equipment operation and going through the ground will be very insignificant for impact subjects associated with the people locations at a distance of 100 m from the surface. When determining the impact degree according to categories of vibration sensitivity, the method based on the expert conclusion, good global practices in this industry was used, as well as the legislation of the Kyrgyz Republic related to noise and vibration control. The site will use mechanisms that cause vibration transmitting over the ground surface, which is unnoticeable at a distance of more than 30 m. In accordance with good global practices in the industry, it is generally accepted that a noise level change for less than 3 dB is not perceived by humans. Vibration impact degree is insignificant, therefore, in comply with the impact significance table and according to spatial scale indicators, the impact is estimated as - Local: environmental impact within the site of planned activity (1 point). 258. The definition of indicators of the time scale of impact observed over a long period is estimated as Short-term: impact observed over a limited period up to 3 months - (1 point). 259. Vibration speed level is subject to normalization in accordance with the applicable SN 2.2.4/ 2.1.8.566-96 “Industrial vibration and vibration in the residential and public premises”. According to sanitary standards, the vibration sensitivity categorization for the following objects are as follows:
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Table 35: Sanitary Standards for Vibration Sensitivity Environment/Facility Description High Places used for leisure activity, sleep and relaxing in particular: residential buildings, medical and educational buildings, cemeteries, and religious institutions Middle Places used for work requiring increased concentration such as office space Low Places not regularly used
260. Based on above, we can conclude that the vibration impact on human is high, and the impact degree is negligible. The canal territory is the environment artificially created as a result of human economic activity and human life support. In this case public health largely depends on the quality of the anthropogenic environment. The impact on humans as a natural component is weakened, and the effect of anthropogenic factors is sharply enhanced which can be fully applied to vibration, the constant element of the anthropogenic environment. In this case and this industrial environment, the vibration sensitivity is quite high, however, the impact degree is classified as - Minor (1 point). 261. The total number of points characterizes the vibration impact as an low significance impact (1 point). Table 36: Environmental Impact Assessment Gradation for Vibration Grade Impact Assessment Impact Gradation Point, Q Definitions of impact spatial Local: environmental impact within 1 indicators the site of planned activity Short-term: impact observed over 1 Definitions of impact time indicators a limited period up to 3 months Determination of indicators of the 1 Minor: environment changes do significance of changes in the not exceed the existing limits of natural environment (outside the natural variability area with technical facilities) Overall assessment Low 1
6.7.8 Overall Environmental Impact Assessment
262. According to the results of Comprehensive assessment and significance of impact it follows that the low significance impact extends to all-natural components, i.e. the atmosphere, land, surface and ground water, fauna (biological resources), vegetation (landscapes) and the settlement area.
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Table 37: Overall Environmental Impact Assessment
Natural and
cale Anthropogenic Impact Source Environment and Type Components Assessment Spatial S Time Scale Impact Intensity Comprehensiv e Impact Significance Category Rehabilitation and Atmospheric Air modernization 1 1 1 1 Low of Kojo-Kaiyr canal Rehabilitation and Surface and modernization 1 1 1 1 Low Ground Water of Kojo-Kaiyr canal Rehabilitation and Soil and Land modernization 1 1 1 1 Low of Kojo-Kaiyr canal Rehabilitation and Fauna modernization 1 4 2 8 Low of Kojo-Kaiyr canal Flora and Rehabilitation and Vegetation modernization 1 4 3 12 Middle Cover of Kojo-Kaiyr canal Natural and Rehabilitation and Anthropogenic modernization 1 1 1 1 Low Environment of Kojo-Kaiyr canal (Noise Factor) Natural and Rehabilitation and Anthropogenic modernization Environment of Kojo-Kaiyr canal 1 1 1 1 Low (Vibration Factor)
6.7.9 Impacts on Socio-economy and its significance
263. Based on the environmental and related social and economic and other consequences of the implementation, as well as on the forecasts of environment changes and social & economic conditions, we can talk about the possibility and feasibility of the planned activity implementation in the proposed area, and after their correlation it is necessary to make adjustments to design decisions and to plan environmental activities. To justify the social & economic feasibility of their implementation and the predicted environmental effect, comprehensive assessment and significance of the social & economic impact are calculated.
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Table 38: Impacts on Socio-economy and its significance Negative impact, Positive impact, points points Component Spatial Time Impact Spatial Time Impact Scale Scale Intensity Scale Scale Intensity Employment (“+” growth/ “-” unjustified 1 1 1 0 0 0 expectations) Total points 3 0 Comprehensive 3 Low positive impact Assessment Public health (“+” monitoring / “-” harm to 1 1 1 0 0 0 the population) Total points 3 0 Comprehensive 3 Low positive impact Assessment Public Education (“+” growth/ “-” unjustified 1 3 2 0 0 0 expectations) Total points 6 0 Comprehensive 6 Middle positive impact Assessment Income and standard of living (“+” growth/ “-” 2 3 2 0 0 0 unjustified expectations) Total points 7 0 Comprehensive 7 Middle positive impact Assessment Economic development of the area (“+” growth/ 2 3 2 0 0 0 “-” unjustified expectations) Total points 7 0 Comprehensive 7 Middle positive impact Assessment Concluding Comprehensive 5.2 Low positive impact Assessment
264. As indicated in the table above, the resulting comprehensive assessment - “Low positive impact” for the social & economic environment component - makes it possible to talk about the correct choice of the basic implementation option and the sufficiency of design decisions in terms of environment protection and rational use of natural resources. This will require the implementation of environmental measures and the adjustment of the design decisions according to them during the project implementation.
6.7.10 Comprehensive assessment of the environment and socio-economy
265. The assessment process describes possible changes in the environment and/or its separate components and the associated social & economic and other changes caused by the proposed activity implementation (a comprehensive assessment of the environmental and economic consequences of the project is carried out).
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Table 39: Comprehensive assessment of environmental and economic consequences Characteristics Positive Negative Environment I.Atmosphere 1) improved infrastructure will 1) Inevitable impact of pollutant increase the environmental emissions (inorganic dust safety of the territory containing SiO2 (20-70% 2) the spread of pollutants during construction), constant occurs within the site and its gas emissions SPZ II.Water structures 3) Improved waterproofing will 2) Low risk of man-made reduce the risk of disasters during earthquakes groundwater pollution. 4) Semi-liquid faces are discharged to treatment facilities III.Soils 5) DSW (Domestic Solid 3) Inevitable soil contamination Waste) is collected in a due to partial losses of bulk proper way and transported materials transported, tire to a permitted dumping and coating abrasion ground. This avoids the products - during construction sewage entering the soil and groundwater. 6) Organization of fecal removal. Its removal to treatment facilities eliminates soil contamination/pollution IV. Flora and 7) Environment protection no fauna measures and environment impact management measures according to EMP are envisaged to reduce the impact on flora and fauna V.Noise 8) Technical inspection of 4) Slight interference for the vehicles, equipment, as the areas during construction noise impact prevention (noise and vibration) - during 9) The use of equipment and construction machinery made in noiseless performance 10) Development and implementation of vibration and noise control according to the ESMP VI. Other Factors 11) No electromagnetic and no radioactive effects, infra/ultra-radiations 12) Safe waste management 13) Development and compliance with safety and emergency plans Socio-economy VII.Budget 14) Improved infrastructure will No improve the environment situation
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Characteristics Positive Negative VIII.Employment 15) Involving organizations, No specialists and workers - creating additional jobs 16) Continuing training/coaching and employment opportunities (training, coaching as well as administrative, technical and service positions) IX. Facility 17) Improved infrastructure will No Economics improve the social prestige X.Social & 18) Enhanced environmental No Economic safety; Activity 19) procurement of design services; 20) increased employment level of local people; 21) improved quality of life;
266. As a result, 10 indicators presented in the table have in total (21) positive consequences associated with possible changes in the environment and its separate components. 267. At the same time, (4) indicators have in total (4) negative consequences associated primarily with negative changes for (3) environmental components, except for fauna and flora. 268. There are (8) positive consequences, and the absence of negative consequences for the considered social & economic components in the economics. 269. The comprehensive assessment makes it obvious that the availability of environmental quality standards with possible changes as a result of the implementation of the intended activity, and the absence of environmental and other restrictions for the implementation of the basic version of the project. 270. In view of the foregoing, this IEE concludes that the Project has a well-supported rationale, strong public support, few downside impacts, and an opportunity to make a positive difference to the environmental quality of the Kojo-Kaiyr Canal and to the health and socioeconomic development prospects of the people who live there. It is therefore recommended that the Project, based on the Preferred Alternative identified in this report and including the EMP, is put forward for implementation. 271. Hazard category. In accordance with the Law of the Kyrgyz Republic "General Technical Regulations for Ensuring Environmental Safety in the Kyrgyz Republic" (2012), the hazard category was calculated for emissions, discharges of pollutants and wastes for all types of work carried out during the period of operation; see Appendix 1 to this Project. • Emission hazard category - III • Discharge hazard category - III • Waste hazard category - III 272. Atmospheric Air. There are 7 sources of emissions of pollutants into the atmosphere 42,88 t/year. The expected total amount of pollutants emitted to the atmosphere during construction will be negligible.
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273. Water Sources, Water Supply. The total water consumption is 235,37 m³. Water consumption for domestic needs is 210,6 m³. Water disposal will be 210,6 m³. Domestic wastewater is supposed to be discharged into the existing sewer network by arrangement with the local authorities will be 24,77 m³. Domestic waste water is supposed to be discharged into the existing sewerage network. 274. Solid Domestic Waste. The total generation of solid waste during the construction period will amount to 4.8 tons or 24.0 m³. As a result of production activities, waste is generated below hazard class 4. Domestic wastewater is supposed to be discharged into the existing sewer network by arrangement with the local authorities. 275. Topsoil. There is only Ravine 13 area (component 11) subject to reclamation. Analysis of the soil is impractical, since the territory has historically been allocated for construction. 276. Flora and fauna. Preservation of natural habitats and improvement of land use is possible at the level of maintaining the stability of anthropogenically modified ecosystems. The preservation of the animal world is ensured by the localization of construction work, as well as work on the maintenance of facilities within the allotted land; maximum preservation of the natural structuredness of the landscape, unique for the zone of influence of difficult-to-restore components of habitats (relief elements, carriers of unique zoocenoses, etc.); measures for the protection of atmospheric air, surface water, for the reclamation of disturbed lands; protection against noise exposure (use of less noisy units, more effective sound insulation, etc.); lighting of sites and structures; restricting the access of people and machines to animal habitats. In general, the construction and operation of the site will not lead to a significant change in the populations of natural landscape species, which are represented by background species (ecologically adaptive, change their habitats in other areas), and will not significantly affect the state of the natural landscape. 277. Physical Factors. According to Sanitary/Hygienic Norms and Regulations, Sanitary Rules and Norms "Noise at Workplaces, in the Premises of Residential, Public Buildings and on the Territory of Residential Development" approved by the Decree of the Government of the Kyrgyz Republic of 11.04.2016 No. 201, the level of penetrating noise in the measured areas does not exceed the maximum permissible limit (according to Sanitary Norms 2.2.4/2.1.8.566-96 “Industrial Vibration, Vibration in the Premises of Residential and Public Buildings”). Power will be supplied from the existing transformer substations. There are no sources of infra- and ultrasonic vibrations or ionizing radiation. 278. Historical, cultural heritage and Protected Natural Areas. There are no cultural, historical and architectural monuments in the area of the rehabilitation site. Additional research at the site is not required, since archaeological surveys were carried out during the Soviet period and archaeological sites and findings were taken into account and included in the state protected zone. There are no valuable natural complexes in the immediate vicinity of the territory of the site: natural reservoirs, natural monuments of historical, aesthetic, scientific and cultural value. 279. The state of the environment is favorable for the implementation of the chosen basic option for the activity. The nature, significance and spatial scale (zone) of the possible impact of the planned activity on the environment have been determined, evaluated and described. Possible changes in the environment and its individual components and associated socio-economic and other changes as a result of the planned activities are identified and described. Based on the environmental and related socio-economic and other consequences of its implementation, as well as forecasts of changes in the
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environment and socio-economic conditions, we can talk about the possibility and feasibility of implementing the planned activities in the proposed territory, after the correlation of which it is necessary to make an adjustment of design solutions and plan environmental protection measures. 280. To substantiate the socio-economic feasibility of their implementation and the predicted environmental effect, a comprehensive assessment and the significance of the impact on the socio-economic environment were calculated. Based on the results of a comprehensive assessment and the significance of the impact, it follows that the impact of medium significance extends to all natural components: atmosphere, land resources, surface and ground waters, fauna (biological resources), flora (landscapes) and social environment. The obtained comprehensive assessment - "low positive impact" on the component - the socio-economic environment, makes it possible to speak about the correct choice of the basic option and the sufficiency of design solutions in terms of environmental protection and rational use of natural resources. 281. Based on the results of the initial environmental assessment carried out for the purpose of a comprehensive analysis of the possible consequences of the project implementation, accompanying the feasibility study of the Project, on November 12, 2020, public hearings were held, as a result of which an agreed proposal was made from the project initiator, the contractor and the local community - about the possibilities and feasibility of implementing the planned activity on the proposed territory based on the environmental and associated socio-economic and other consequences of its implementation.
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7 INFORMATION DISCLOSURE, CONSULTATION AND PARTICIPATION
7.1 Public Participation Meeting
282. The consultation process is a fundamental and important part of the preparation and implementation of the project. Public involvement is necessary in order not to miss the important economic, social, environmental consequences of the planned actions. Public hearings are most effective when the points of view of all stakeholders are expressed, and when the discussion takes place in an atmosphere of mutual trust. This process involves a two-way flow of information. 283. The following departments and agencies were informed about the current activities of the project: 1) ADB 2) SAWR, Water Management Department, Region Water Management Department, 3) Department of Forest Ecosystem Development 4) Regional and District State Administrations, LGB 5) WUA 6) Public 284. According to the Regulation on conducting an EIA (according to the PDKR No. 60 dated 13.02.2015.), Public: - participates in consultations conducted within the framework of the EIA, at all stages of its implementation, including in the procedure for transboundary EIA; - receives information on any proposals regarding activities with possible adverse impact on the environment and public health in cases where the EIA procedure is necessary. 285. Public consultation is carried out to: - informing the public on issues related to environmental protection; - realization of the public's rights to participate in the discussion and adoption of environmentally significant decisions; - taking into account the comments and suggestions of the public on environmental protection issues in the process of impact assessment and decision-making related to the implementation of planned activities; - search for mutually acceptable solutions for the initiator of the project and the public in matters of preventing or minimizing harmful effects on the environment during the implementation of the planned activity. 286. Public hearing was initially scheduled for 10.11.2020, and after the announcement by the Government for 07.11-10.11.2020 on weekends, postponed to 12.11.2020 The announcement was posted in the “Business-Press” local newspaper dated 09.10.2020 and on the wall of announcements of district administrations and local self-government, with the following content:
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DEAR RESIDENTS "On 10 November 2020 at 10-00 hours in the meeting room of Masaliyevsky ayil өkmөt PUBLIC HEARING On Environmental impact assessment Will be held for the "Increasing the resilience of water resources to climate change and natural disasters Project - sub-project on Kojo-Kaiyr canal" State Agency for Water Resources under the Ministry of Agriculture, Water Management and Regional Development of the Kyrgyz Republic seeks your assistance in organizing public discussions on the Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA), within the framework of the “Water Resilience to Climate Change and Natural Disasters Project”, Kyrgyzstan (KCCDRP), funded by the ADB The Kyrgyzstan Water Resilience and Climate Resilience Project aims to address the significant threats posed by climate change to irrigation infrastructure in Kyrgyzstan. The goal of the project is to improve the capacity of water resources management and provision of irrigation services to the benefit of water users in Kyrgyzstan. Services will cover: (i) overall project management, supervision and coordination; (ii) procurement support; (iii) monitoring and evaluation; (iv) oversight of design and construction; and (v) capacity building for the management, operation and maintenance of the system. Saparbayev canal in Nookat district of the Osh oblast and Kojo-Kaiyr canal in the Kadamjai district of the Batken oblast were selected as subprojects for investment and modernization. The Employer is the State Agency for Water Resources under the Ministry of Agriculture, Water Management and Regional Development of the Kyrgyz Republic, Bishkek, Toktonaliev street, 4A. You can familiarize yourself with the EIA documentation, and send comments and suggestions on it, using the following details: State Agency for Water Resources under the Ministry of Agriculture, Water Management and Regional Development of the Kyrgyz Republic, Bishkek, Toktonaliev street, 4A Phone: +996 312 54 90-95 (reception) Fax: +996 312 54 90-94 E-mail: [email protected]
Figure 47: Announcement of public hearings
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287. Under the IEE consultation procedure, the following proposals are considered during the consultation; (i) coordinate reconstruction work with local authorities; (ii) rehabilitate canals for the long term; (iii) assistance to the local population and LGB in the issues of correcting the canal routing; (iv) recruiting local skilled and unskilled labor for rehabilitation work and considering further opportunities for community participation in permanent road maintenance; (v) the impact of the Project on human settlements and agricultural land; (vi) general consensus - the Project will not have potentially significant negative impacts that could not be avoided or significantly mitigated through good design and engineering practice; (vii) If questions or complaints arise as a result of the design, then there will be separate consultations with households and stakeholders regarding this process. 288. A presentation in Russian and Kyrgyz on the Project and the EIA procedure were prepared for the population.
Figure 48: Screenshot of presentation on the EIA procedure 289. A short brochure in Russian and Kyrgyz on the Project and the EIA procedure were prepared for the population. The special brochure in 2 languages contained: - information about the initiator of the Project (name, legal, postal and e-mail addresses, telephone and fax numbers); - the name, justification and description of the planned activity; - information about the location of the planned activity; - information on the timing of the implementation of the planned activity; - information on the timing of public discussions and submission of comments on the EIA documentation; - information on where you can get acquainted with the EIA documentation and where to send comments and suggestions on it (name, postal address, website, last name, first name, patronymic and position of the contact person, telephone and fax numbers, email address);
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Figure 49: Screenshot of the brochure on the Project and the EIA procedure 290. On November 12, 2020, based on the results of public discussions, the relevant local administrations and local self-government bodies, together with the project initiator, committed to place the EIA documentation in the places specified in the brochure at the request of the EIA Regulation, and provide public access to get acquainted with the documentation on EIA, the possibility to document issues, comments and suggestions on the submitted documentation during the entire period of the project. 291. Since during the meeting arranged to discuss the EIA documentation, answers were given to all the questions raised by the people present, sending answers to the authors of the questions to the postal or e-mail address indicated by them within 30 calendar days from the date of the meeting was not needed. Based on the results of public hearings, a protocol was drawn up, which was signed by all participants, agreeing on a common opinion on the implementation of the Project and the assistance of local communities.
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Public hearings in Masalievsky a/o Conversation of experts with activists of Masalievsky a/o Figure 50: Photos from public hearings
7.2 Summary of the Comments and Concerns Received from Affected People and other Stakeholders
292. All affected people and stakeholders are expecting significant improvements with the subproject implementation. During the field mission, the following comments and concerns were collected: - Alysh village has a spillway, it is in poor condition, if there is any emergency, there will be consequences. Whether is it possible to include the repair of the spillway in the project. - There are 1200 meters of on-farm canals in Markaz AO, which wash out the road, and these canals need cleaning. - In Alysh, the canals are not completely cleaned - this can lead to an emergency. - Kapyr A/O; now new plots are being distributed, there is not enough water. Whether will there be additional inter farm canals to the farmers. - The amount of money spent for renovations of canal each year. - Explanatory works have been carried out by farmers. - It has been noted that the villagers, who work in abroad want to help with diesel fuel and wells. - There is not enough water in the lower part of the canal to Markaz AO during the irrigation season. The amount of irrigation water currently supplied to the canal. - Whether is it possible to take into account the safety of people and livestock in the project and provide for fences. - Participants impressed that they support the project, as it is very important for them and will have a positive effect on the development of agriculture and ensure safety in case of natural disasters. 293. This IEE report presents the mitigation measures and a consultation process that will be made public and available for public review. After approval, the IEE report will be published on the official websites of the Employer, and will also be available for familiarization to all representatives of local communities and local governments. 294. The final IEE will be translated to local language and disclosed on the Project’s and ADB’s websites, notice boards, etc. If Interested parties request IEE, it will be made available by PIU.
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8 GRIEVANCE REDRESS MECHANISM (GRM)
8.1 Objectives
295. Objectives of the GRM are: - To reach mutually agreed solutions satisfactory to both the project and the Affected People(s) or Affected Person(s) (APs), and to resolve any grievances locally, in consultation with the aggrieved party; - To facilitate the smooth implementation of the Land Acquisition and Resettlement Plan (LARP), particularly to cut down on lengthy litigation processes and prevent delays in project implementation; and - To facilitate the development process at the local level, while maintaining transparency as well as to establish accountability to the affected people. - To handle, record, screen, process, track and reply the complains about the social, environmental and other safeguard related complains - Set Feedback - Encourage vulnerable individuals and/or groups to express their views
8.2 Grievance Redress Mechanism (GRM)
296. The Grievance Redress Mechanism (GRM) is a process and forum through which the affected people need a trusted way to voice and resolve concerns about LAR and other environmental social aspects and the project also finds an effective way to address affected people’s concerns. 297. Affected People (AP)s and local people have the right to file complaints and/or queries on any aspect of the project, including LAR, environmental and other safeguard issues. Under the GRM, people may appeal any decision, practice or activity related to the project. All possible avenues will be made available to the affected persons and others to voice their grievances. The PIU will ensure that grievances and complaints on any aspect of the project are addressed in a timely and effective manner. 298. The mechanism will consist of grievance resolution of two levels. Initial one will be Local Focal Point (LFP) at Ayil Okmoti (Village) level. And final one will be a Grievance Redress Group (GRG) at the subproject level. The Grievance Redress Groups (GRGs) will function for the duration of both LARP and project implementation. 299. The GRM covers issues related to social, environmental, and other safeguard issues under the ADB safeguard covenants and Kyrgyz laws.
8.2.1 Grievance Redress Groups
300. In order to provide all stakeholders directly involved in the implementation of subprojects with a platform for monitoring, reviewing, discussing and making decisions on issues related to the implementation of subprojects for each specific subproject, Subproject Coordinating Committees (SCC) are established. SCC is a deliberative and consultative board for a subproject, whose decisions are advisory in nature.
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301. The composition of SCC may vary, depending on the specifics of the subproject, but generally they will include nominated members from: BWRM / RWRM (Regional and District Water Authorities); local self-governments (LSG); WUA; PIU; and other interested governmental and non-governmental institutions. 302. SSC oversees activities and stakeholders at the subproject and the irrigation system level. The main functions o SCC include, but are not limited to the following: 1) Support implementation and monitoring of the subproject activities and progress reporting. 2) Review, discuss and approve the Joint Irrigation Management Plan prepared and agreed between the RWRM and WUA. 3) Consider conflicts and disputes between stakeholders involved in the subproject implementation. 303. SCC consists of appointed members from the following institutions: 1) RWRM, 2) Local self-government, 3) WUA, 4) PIU, 5) And other interested state and non-governmental bodies. 304. The SCC may decide to invite one or more of the following as (permanent) observers without the right to vote: 1) Head of the Rayon Support Unit of WUAs (RSU). 2) Head of the Rural Development of the Rayon State Administration. 3) Members of the Community Development Team.
8.2.2 Local Focal Point
305. Any complaint related to social, environmental, and other safeguard issues will be received by a local coordinator as a Local Focal Point (LC/LFP). For every Aiyl Okmotu of a sub-project a LC/LFP will be appointed prior to the commencement of the project. LC/LFP will be responsible for the complaints handling process. LC/LFP is expected aware of context, facts, and system. 306. LC/LFP will be oriented about the handling, recording, screening, processing, tracking, and replying the complains. LC/LFP will be supplied with brochures, pamphlets, or electronic based information, should be made readily available to complainants and other relevant interested parties. Such information should be provided in clear language and so far as is reasonable, in formats accessible to all, so that no complainants are disadvantaged.
8.2.3 Construction Contractors
307. After receiving and screening the complaint, LC/LFP will direct the complaint to the Construction Contractor (CC) if it is related to his activities. After that Construction Contractor will be responsible for the resolving complaints. After resolving the complaint CC will inform the LC/LFP and report this complains in CC’s monthly EMR. The time period of resettling and/or resolving the complaint is 7 days. 308. CC will record grievance and date submitted, action(s) taken and date(s), resolution (if any) and date, and follow-up yet to be taken—grievances listed should include those
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received since the preceding report and those that were unresolved at the time of that report. Grievance data should be gender disaggregated. Sensitivity may be needed around Sexual Exploitation and Abuse (SEA) or Gender-Based Violence (GBV) issues raised. 309. CC will compensate and/or repair the damages given to any agricultural area, public utilities such as roads, electricity lines, etc. CC will be responsible to compensate the agricultural loss of the farmers in case of delay in the construction program which cares of irrigation seasons. 310. CC will create a separate GRM for CC’s workers including subconsultants. CC’s GRM will also include occurrence date, grievance, and date submitted; actions taken and dates; resolution (if any) and date; and follow-up yet to be taken—grievances listed should include those received since the preceding report and those that were unresolved at the time of that report. The grievances shall be reported monthly EMR of CC.
8.2.4 Grievance Resolution Process
311. The complaints and grievances from the APs will be addressed through the procedure described in Figure 51 and Table 40 further illustrates it. Thus, this GRM process, subject to all complaints handling procedures in accordance with the legislative and regulatory requirements of the Kyrgyz Republic, may take from 3 to 40 days.
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Complainant Inform Step 1: 3 days
Local Coordinator / Local Focal Point
Step 2: 7 days
Construction No Negotiation Yes Contractors Complaint Settled (CC) Successful
No
GRG / Sub-project Coordination Committee
Step 3: from 15 up to 30 days
Grievance Yes Resolved
No
Figure 51 Grievance Redress Procedure
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Table 40: Grievance Redress Procedure Step Action Process Timeline Level 1 Resolution At initial stage, the LC/LFP will give hearing to the 3 days by LC/LFP aggrieved person or complaint and try to give acceptable solutions. If an aggrieved person or complaint is not satisfied with the solutions, then the complaint will lodge grievances in written to the GRG and/or the relevant Construction Contractor within 3 days. 2 Resolution After receiving and screening the complaint, LC/LFP 7 days at local will direct the complaint to the Construction Contractor level by CC (CC) if it is related to his activities. After that Construction Contractor will be responsible for the resolving complaints. 3 Resolution After receiving written complaint, LC/LFP will review 15-37 at and prepare a Case File (see Annex 1) for GRG days subproject (SCC) hearing and resolution. A formal hearing will be level by held with the GRG (SCC) on a date fixed by the GRG LC/LFP in consultation with the aggrieved person. On (SCC) the date of hearing, the aggrieved person will appear before the GRG and present proofs in support of his/her claim. LC/LFP will note down the statements of the complainant and document all proofs. The decision from majority of the members will be considered final from the GRG and will be issued by the LC/LFP and signed by other members of the GRG. The case record will be updated, and the decision will be communicated to the aggrieved person by the LC/LFP within 7 days.
8.2.5 Additional Mechanisms
312. Any physical and legal person, any appellant can communicate his/her concern to the court at any stage of grievance redress. The GRGs will not restrict or influence the AP from applying to court for legal remedies. 313. If the complaint is found invalid, the GRG will formulate a response and send a written letter to the complainant, explaining the reasons of rejection. 314. In addition, ADB has its Accountability Mechanism Policy (2012)1 that is to be accountable to people for ADB-assisted projects as a last resort mechanism. The accountability mechanism provides a forum where people adversely affected by ADB- assisted projects can voice and seek solutions to their problems and report alleged noncompliance of ADB's operational policies and procedures.
1 https://www.adb.org/site/accountability-mechanism/main
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315. The complainant, if not satisfied with GRG’s decision or even the court’s decision, can appeal the case to Office of the Special Office Facilitator of ADB2. The GRGs will not in any way impede APs’ access to the ADB Accountability Mechanism. 316. All expenses incurred by affected households in grievance/complaint filing and its resolution will be covered by the project.
8.3 Complaint Documentation
317. The PIU of the SAWR will document all grievances in both written and electronic forms.
2 www.adb.org/site/accountability-mechanisn/contacts
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9 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT AND MONITORING PLAN (EMP)
9.1 Overview of technical solutions and a set of measures to prevent, mitigate and minimize the planned activities
318. The territory represents an area of municipal land with the right of perpetual use. The land provided is not included in the “Agricultural land” category. 319. Solid Domestic Waste and human faeces are not a very hazardous type of waste, and in our case, i.e., after a period of accumulation, they are classified as cesspool sediments and have a hazard class 4. In this case, the facility construction does not entail additional environmental impacts, and hence, there may be no need for post- project analysis. 320. Regulatory economic approach. At the present stage of history, economic approach representatives limit environmental costs by comparing them with current economic results based on temporarily agreed standards. At the same time, they choose the cheapest wild nature and environment protection measures, where the costs are overlapped with the damage prevention achieved with help of these measures. Such a result is called the economic optimum of the environment quality, although situations are conceivable and known when this “optimum” complies with the pollutant MPC or even with temporarily agreed standards. Within the framework of this approach, methods for determining the economic damage and economic efficiency of environmental measures have been developed. During the design process the planning of impact factors focused at preventing and minimizing potential impact as much as it was feasible technically. 321. The following impacts were considered: 1) Atmospheric Pollution 2) Water Source Pollution 3) Soil Pollution 4) Vegetation and Animal Loss (disturbances of animal habitats and plant distribution areas) 5) Impact on the Technogenic Zone (residential and working areas) 322. According to Regulation on procedure for assessment environmental impact in the Kyrgyz Republic, Appendix 10, the following measures (hereinafter referred to as environment protection measures or EMP) are determined by the results of assessment of possible environment changes caused by the intended activity implementation: 1) significant environmental impact prevention, minimization and/or compensation; 2) prevention of emergency situations, response to them and liquidation of their consequences; 3) improving social & economic conditions.
The following expenses during the construction phase will also be part of the construction costs:
1) arrangement of warehouses for material storage 2) dust suppression measures during the construction phase
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3) dust monitoring 4) soil erosion monitoring 5) cesspool wall construction quality monitoring to avoid water and soil pollution 6) social and public impact monitoring 7) noise and vibration monitoring
9.2 Environmental Management Plan
323. One EMP is provided per each direct impact zone, divided into construction and operation (if relevant), under the form of a table with the following headings: potential issues / impacts, mitigation / management measures, impact/ performance indicators, implementation responsibilities. Before the finalisation of the Site-Specific Environmental Management Plan (SEMP) by the Contractor and it approval by PIU construction works will not be commenced.
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Table 41: Environmental Management Plan related to Direct Impact Zone Number 1 (EMP) Impact / Implementation Potential issues / Impacts Mitigation / management measures performance responsibilities indicators Construction period During rehabilitation works for the To avoid possible pollution of irrigation water in the Kojo-Kaiyr canal the following Number of spill Contractor, canals, it is expected that the flow measures will be taken into account: empty (after the agricultural season). emergencies under the of the canals will be redistributed, recorded / number authority of the Using temporary sediment basins on the irrigation canal during the construction which could affect the response to of spill Construction might lessen turbidity problem. satisfying water demand. Dredging emergencies Supervisor of the works increase water turbidity, The farmers shall be informed through WUA’s about the temporary water scarcity contained and PIO. which affects aquatic fauna and problems during the construction period. cleaned (based on users of water. Oil spills accident Environment To avoid the oil spills; oil storage locations will be allocated at least 25 m from the could happen from machinery used Incident Forms) irrigation canal, potential spillways will be identified and necessary spill during construction. No grievance countermeasures to contain, clean up and mitigate will be described in the received from the emergency preparedness plan; employees will be trained on about the spill downstream management, oil storage locations and construction site will be visually inspected farmers related to for spills, spill response equipment and material will be available in the site. water quality In case temporary work camps are required, construction of worker camps shall Flora and fauna be located close to settlement areas but not near sensitive water resources. In has not been such cases, the constructor needs to provide a detailed design of each work affected during camp including infrastructure planning (water supply, electricity supply, waste the construction management, wastewater treatment and disposal). Workers need to be trained period how to behave and to handle waste and waste water according environmental management requirements. Water pollution caused by domestic To avoid the pollution created by the domestic effluent wastewater produced at The wastewater Contractor, effluents produced at the the construction camps will be stored at watertight septic tanks, the toilets will be facilities/toilets under the construction camps and available for the workers at the construction site which the wastewater effluent have been authority of the construction site. accumulation tanks/pits which do not leak to the surface water resources; and installed at the Construction transferred by the licensed firms to the safe disposal or treatment site. construction camp Supervisor of the and site PIO. The contract with the contractor and
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Impact / Implementation Potential issues / Impacts Mitigation / management measures performance responsibilities indicators sewage disposal authority has been signed Records of sewerage transportation kept during the construction Atmospheric emissions such as The Contractor shall take all necessary precautions to prevent the occurrence of Number of Contractor, exhaust gases and dusts during the exhaust and dust emissions from the site including the concrete batch plant, grievances under the construction, transport and storage silos. In particular, the concrete batch plant and silo shall be well maintained and submitted / authority of the of construction materials measures taken so as not to be left running unnecessarily for long periods when number of Construction not directly in use. The Contractor shall not burn any waste or construction in grievances Supervisor of the material at the site. redressed PIO. To reduce dusting, a dust suppression system is provided that is moistening materials to optimal humidity, and in connection with the application of these measures aimed at reducing emissions into the atmosphere, the effect on atmospheric air can be estimated as minimal to average. The construction, spoil and excavation material shall be transported into or from the site by trucks covered with tarpaulin. To achieve improvements in fuel efficiency and realize the associated reductions in GHG emissions, contractor is expected to make changes ranging from reducing equipment idling time and improving maintenance to replacing or repowering equipment. Noise and vibration affect caused The Contractor shall consider noise as an environmental constraint, which must Number of Contractor, by trucks and construction be addressed in the planning and execution of the works. He shall take all grievances under the machinery. reasonable measures to reduce noise to a minimum. The construction works will submitted / authority of the be limited to daytime (8 am to 8 pm) and will be prohibited in weekends. The number of Construction Contractor shall take all necessary measures to ensure that the operation of all grievances mechanical equipment and construction processes, on or off site, shall not cause redressed
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Impact / Implementation Potential issues / Impacts Mitigation / management measures performance responsibilities indicators any unnecessary and excessive noise which may disturb any occupant of nearby noise and Supervisor of the dwellings, schools, hospitals, or premises with similar sensitivity to noise. The vibration PIO. contractor will monitor the noise and vibration level regularly at the construction measurement site. Solid wastes produced during the Reuse alternatives for spoils, sediments generated by excavations will be Number of fly- Contractor, construction activities searched by the contractor, the remaining ones will be safely disposed of in the tipping / daily logs under the nearby locations that will be defined by the local authorities. The deposits will be of all spoil authority of the levelled so that will not form hills and/or depressions. The necessary measures removed from Construction related to flooding and drainage will be taken by the contractor. site, with precise Supervisor of the GPS location PIO. The process of classifying waste types, stockpiling of waste at site, transportation and disposal of waste shall be subject to the approval/review of the State Inspection on Ecological and Technical Safety. The domestic solid waste will be sorted and deposited at the construction camp, disposed by the licensed firms and record will be kept. Disposal of fly-tipping shall not be permitted. Deposition shall be carried out in accordance with the requirements of Local Authorities. To prove the correct depositing of excavated material and to prevent the occurrence of fly-tipping, daily logs of all spoil and domestic solid waste removed from site by lorry shall be kept and kept available both on site and at the authorized tips deposition for inspection by the relevant authorities. Construction materials extracted The contractor shall obtain the construction material either from the licensed Daily logs of all Contractor, from borrow pits or quarries. borrowing pits or quarries or they will be licensed and operated by the Contractor. backfilling material under the In each case the Contractor is expected to prepare a detailed Borrow Pit and carried to site, authority of the Quarry Management Plan. The measures and responsibilities of the Contractor with precise GPS Construction will be specified at the Borrow Pit and Quarry Management Plan such as, top soil location Supervisor of the management, stockpiling of the residual material, refill, leveling landscaping, PIO. drainage of surface water, etc. If the contractor uses its own borrow pit and quarry the Borrow Pit and Quarry Management Plan is required to approved by State Inspection on Ecological and Technical Safety. Aesthetic impacts The Contractor shall keep the site clean, reasonably free from all unnecessary Visual inspection Contractor, obstructions and shall safely store the construction materials and dispose the under the
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Impact / Implementation Potential issues / Impacts Mitigation / management measures performance responsibilities indicators spoils and solid waste from the construction site. After the completion of the authority of the works, the Contractor shall immediately clear the work site from all materials, dust Construction and rubbish. Supervisor of the PIO. Cut off irrigation water The irrigation water will be cut of after the irrigation season. To minimize The working Contractor, hydrobiological impacts on the Turkestan catfish, the irrigation water in the canal period agreed under the will be available during the spawning period (May-July) of the Turkestan catfish between the authority of the executing agency Construction and WUA Supervisor of the Number of PIO, WUAs grievances received Disturbance of agricultural activities The construction works shall be carried out after the agricultural season. Dust Visual inspection Contractor, by means of access restriction, soil suppression measures will be applied by the Contractor. The Contractor shall Number of under the compaction, trenching, dust avoid the use of the agricultural fields during the construction activities. If the grievances authority of the emissions. public access to the agricultural areas has been limited due to the construction received Construction activities the Contractor will provide alternative passages, routes, roads to the Supervisor of the public. PIO Increase in traffic volume due to the A traffic management plan will be provided by the Contractor including the routes Traffic Contractor, construction activities. of transportation; speed arrangements; locations of the sensitive areas like Management Plan under the markets, schools, hospitals; and signage, etc. If any damage is given by the Number of authority of the Contractor to the public roads or bridges located on the routes the contractor shall emergency events Construction repair, recover or compensate it. recorded / number Supervisor of the of emergency PIO. events treated (based on Environment Incident Forms) Hygiene and safety risks The Contractor shall adhere to take the necessary procedures to secure the work Number and Contractor, site to prevent any accidents through construction of temporary fencing around frequency of under the
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Impact / Implementation Potential issues / Impacts Mitigation / management measures performance responsibilities indicators the site in an appropriate height and type. The Contractor will bear the accidents authority of the responsibility to guard and secure the work site during night and daytime (24 recorded Construction hours / day), provide the necessary lighting thereto, and fire protection and fire- Supervisor of the fighting equipment. In general, the Contractor should take all necessary PIO. procedures and precautions to prevent injuries or death cases for the workmen or any other person. Safety to workers and the public shall be enhanced by: (i) Proper briefing and training of workers on safety precautions, and their responsibilities for the safety of themselves and others. (ii) Provision to workers of protective clothing including hard hats, and protective footwear. (iii) Ensuring plant and vehicle operators are properly licensed and trained. (iv) Arranging for the provision of first aid facilities, readily available trained paramedical personnel, and emergency transport to the nearest hospital with accident and emergency facilities, and allocation of responsibility for ensuring that these arrangements are continually in place. (v) Arranging for regular safety checks of vehicles and material, and allocation of responsibility for this. (vi) Provision of hazard warning signs around construction sites. Communicable diseases: as To mitigate the risk, the contractors’ contracts must show a clause on Number of Contractor, elsewhere, where worker’s housing occupational health and safety measures to be guaranteed, and include a infections under the areas are established near paragraph, saying e.g.: “The Contractor is obliged to ensure awareness raising detected among authority of the residential households and information to his employees on how to protect oneself and others (local sex- the workers Social communities, there will be short- workers, spouses, and other) from contamination by STI/HIV/AIDS and other Safeguard terms risks of the spread of communicable diseases like COVID-19, and how to practice “safe sex”, personal Specialist of the communicable diseases from the hygiene, and protect oneself against T.B, Rabies, Hepatitis” etc.” . It should also PMO ‘imported’ workers to local women be required that construction contractors distribute or request that the local health or men and vice versa officer distribute information material / awareness campaigns and free condoms (STI/HIV/AIDS, T.B., Dengue fever, to immigrant workers and the local sex-workers. Also, contractors shall maximize
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Impact / Implementation Potential issues / Impacts Mitigation / management measures performance responsibilities indicators scabies, bed bugs and other the number of local, residential workers, to minimize the risk to the local diseases and infections like communities from imported labor. COVID-19). COVID-19 Clause on occupational health and safety measures for emergency response plan Number of Contractor, (including detailed section with measures and algorithm on COVID-19), health infections under the and safety management plan (including a detailed section on COVID-19) to be detected among authority of the included in SSEMP. COVID measures will cover at least temperature the workers Social measurement in access to working or camping site, social distancing in camping Safeguard and working facilities where applicable, use of face masks, enhanced cleaning Specialist of the procedures, education and training, action procedures for suspected or actual PMO COVID-19 cases, following the national regulations and circulars, etc. Employment opportunities for local See recommendations of the reports on “Poverty, Social and Gender Number of local Contractor, communities Assessment” and “Summary Poverty Reduction and Social Strategy” employees on the under the construction authority of the works Social Safeguard Specialist of the PMO Removal of vegetation (150 trees) During the construction activities, the Contractor will remove only reeds and Visual inspection Contractor, vegetation including trees which are planted or naturally grown up in and on during the under the banks of canals. Vegetation along the canal should be removed where construction authority of the necessary. Where cutting of tree is required if necessary, the permission will be period Construction obtained from the local competent authorities. Compensation measure might Measurement of Supervisor of the include the plantation of new trees to the location defined by the local conveyance PIO. environmental authorities. capacity of Removal of vegetation will increase the efficiency of canal conveyance capacity. rehabilitated canal before and after the construction
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Impact / Implementation Potential issues / Impacts Mitigation / management measures performance responsibilities indicators Detection of historical and cultural In case of discovering evidence of possible scientific, pre-historical, historical or Historic and/or finds (HCF) archaeological materials the contractor will implement a chance find procedure cultural asses including the activities of (i) Contractor will stop works and notify PIU; (ii) PIU will protected Contractor, contact and inform the Ministry of Culture about the potential find; (iii) No works Consultant and will proceed until the Ministry of Culture issues in writing that it is safe to proceed; LGB (iv) The findings should be reported to ADB as unanticipated impact together with the actions by PIU and contractors. Operational period Protection of the public and/or The construction of fences for protective purposes of 2.3 km length at the Compliance with Rural water animal entrance to the Kojo-Kaiyr resettlement areas will increase the safety of public and livestock located at the the mitigation authorities Canal vicinity of the Kojo-Kaiyr Canal. measures
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Table 42: Environmental Management Plan related to Direct Impact Zone Number 2 (EMP) Impact / Implementation Potential issues / Impacts Mitigation / management measures performance responsibilities indicators Construction period Water pollution caused by domestic To avoid the pollution created by the domestic effluent wastewater produced at The wastewater Contractor, effluents produced at the the construction site the toilets will be available for the workers which the facilities/toilets under the construction camps and wastewater effluent accumulation tanks/pits which do not leak to the surface have been authority of the construction site. water resources; and transferred by the licensed firms to the safe disposal or installed at the Construction treatment site. construction camp Supervisor of the and site PIO. The contract with the contractor and sewage disposal authority has been signed Records of sewerage transportation kept during the construction Atmospheric emissions such as The Contractor shall take all necessary precautions to prevent the occurrence of Number of Contractor, exhaust gases and dusts during the exhaust and dust emissions from the site including the concrete batch plant, grievances under the construction, transport and storage silos. In particular, the concrete batch plant and silo shall be well maintained and submitted / authority of the of construction materials measures taken so as not to be left running unnecessarily for long periods when number of Construction not directly in use. The Contractor shall not burn any waste or construction in grievances Supervisor of the material at the site. redressed PIO. To reduce dusting, a dust suppression system is provided that is moistening materials to optimal humidity, and in connection with the application of these measures aimed at reducing emissions into the atmosphere, the effect on atmospheric air can be estimated as minimal to average. The construction, spoil and excavation material shall be transported into or from the site by trucks covered with tarpaulin.
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Impact / Implementation Potential issues / Impacts Mitigation / management measures performance responsibilities indicators To achieve improvements in fuel efficiency and realize the associated reductions in GHG emissions, contractor is expected to make changes ranging from reducing equipment idling time and improving maintenance to replacing or repowering equipment. Noise and vibration affect caused The Contractor shall consider noise as an environmental constraint, which must Number of Contractor, by trucks and construction be addressed in the planning and execution of the works. He shall take all grievances under the machinery. reasonable measures to reduce noise to a minimum. The construction works will submitted / authority of the be limited to daytime (8 am to 8 pm) and will be prohibited in weekends. The number of Construction Contractor shall take all necessary measures to ensure that the operation of all grievances Supervisor of the mechanical equipment and construction processes, on or off site, shall not cause redressed PIO. any unnecessary and excessive noise which may disturb any occupant of nearby noise and dwellings, schools, hospitals, or premises with similar sensitivity to noise. The vibration contractor will monitor the noise and vibration level regularly at the construction measurement site. Solid wastes produced during the The contractor shall scrap the top soil approximately 20 cm, stock it at the site, Visual Contractor, construction activities and use for landscaping after the completion of the construction works. observation, daily under the logs of all top soil authority of the scrapped in site, Construction with precise GPS Supervisor of the location PIO. Construction materials extracted The contractor shall obtain the construction material either from the licensed Daily logs of all Contractor, from borrow pits or quarries. borrowing pits or quarries or they will be licensed and operated by the Contractor. backfilling material under the In each case the Contractor is expected to prepare a detailed Borrow Pit and carried to site, authority of the Quarry Management Plan. The measures and responsibilities of the Contractor with precise GPS Construction will be specified at the Borrow Pit and Quarry Management Plan such as, top soil location Supervisor of the management, stockpiling of the residual material, refill, leveling landscaping, PIO. drainage of surface water, etc. If the contractor uses its own borrow pit and quarry the Borrow Pit and Quarry Management Plan is required to approved by State Inspection on Ecological and Technical Safety.
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Impact / Implementation Potential issues / Impacts Mitigation / management measures performance responsibilities indicators Disturbance to the poaching The construction works shall be carried out during the poaching. Dust Visual inspection Contractor, activities suppression measures will be applied by the Contractor. The contractor shall Number of under the provide watchman for the protection of animals to the site. grievances authority of the received Construction Supervisor of the PIO. Aesthetic impacts The Contractor shall keep the site clean, reasonably free from all unnecessary Visual inspection Contractor, obstructions and shall safely store the construction materials and dispose the under the spoils and solid waste from the construction site. After the completion of the authority of the works, the Contractor shall immediately clear the work site from all materials, dust Construction and rubbish. Supervisor of the PIO. Increase in traffic volume due to the A traffic management plan will be provided by the Contractor including the routes Traffic Contractor, construction activities. of transportation; speed arrangements; locations of the sensitive areas like Management Plan under the markets, schools, hospitals; and signage, etc. If any damage is given by the Number of authority of the Contractor to the public roads or bridges located on the routes the contractor shall emergency events Construction repair, recover or compensate it. recorded / number Supervisor of the of emergency PIO. events treated (based on Environment Incident Forms) Hygiene and safety risks The Contractor shall adhere to take the necessary procedures to secure the work Number and Contractor, site to prevent any accidents through construction of temporary fencing around frequency of under the the site in an appropriate height and type. The Contractor will bear the accidents authority of the responsibility to guard and secure the work site during night and daytime (24 recorded Construction hours / day), provide the necessary lighting thereto, and fire protection and fire- Supervisor of the fighting equipment. In general, the Contractor should take all necessary PIO. procedures and precautions to prevent injuries or death cases for the workmen or any other person. Safety to workers and the public shall be enhanced by:
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Impact / Implementation Potential issues / Impacts Mitigation / management measures performance responsibilities indicators (i) Proper briefing and training of workers on safety precautions, and their responsibilities for the safety of themselves and others. (ii) Provision to workers of protective clothing including hard hats, and protective footwear. (iii) Ensuring plant and vehicle operators are properly licensed and trained. (iv) Arranging for the provision of first aid facilities, readily available trained paramedical personnel, and emergency transport to the nearest hospital with accident and emergency facilities, and allocation of responsibility for ensuring that these arrangements are continually in place. (v) Arranging for regular safety checks of vehicles and material, and allocation of responsibility for this. (vi) Provision of hazard warning signs around construction sites. Removal of vegetation During the construction activities, the Contractor will remove the vegetation with Visual observation Contractor, the scrapped top soil. Vegetation will be naturally formed after laying the top soil. under the authority of the Construction Supervisor of the PIO. Communicable diseases: as To mitigate the risk, the contractors’ contracts must show a clause on Number of Contractor, elsewhere, where worker’s housing occupational health and safety measures to be guaranteed, and include a infections under the areas are established near paragraph, saying e.g.: “The Contractor is obliged to ensure awareness raising detected among authority of the residential households and information to his employees on how to protect oneself and others (local sex- the workers Social communities, there will be short- workers, spouses, and other) from contamination by STI/HIV/AIDS and other Safeguard terms risks of the spread of communicable diseases like COVID-19, and how to practice “safe sex”, personal Specialist of the communicable diseases from the hygiene, and protect oneself against T.B, Rabies, Hepatitis” etc.” . It should also PMO ‘imported’ workers to local women be required that construction contractors distribute or request that the local health or men and vice versa officer distribute information material / awareness campaigns and free condoms (STI/HIV/AIDS, T.B., Dengue fever, to immigrant workers and the local sex-workers. Also, contractors shall maximize
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Impact / Implementation Potential issues / Impacts Mitigation / management measures performance responsibilities indicators scabies, bed bugs and other the number of local, residential workers, to minimize the risk to the local diseases and infections like communities from imported labor. COVID-19). COVID-19 Clause on occupational health and safety measures for emergency response plan Number of Contractor, (including detailed section with measures and algorithm on COVID-19), health infections under the and safety management plan (including a detailed section on COVID-19) to be detected among authority of the included in SSEMP. COVID measures will cover at least temperature the workers Social measurement in access to working or camping site, social distancing in camping Safeguard and working facilities where applicable, use of face masks, enhanced cleaning Specialist of the procedures, education and training, action procedures for suspected or actual PMO COVID-19 cases, following the national regulations and circulars, etc. Employment opportunities for local See recommendations of the reports on “Poverty, Social and Gender Number of local Contractor, communities Assessment” and “Summary Poverty Reduction and Social Strategy” employees on the under the construction authority of the works Social Safeguard Specialist of the PMO Detection of historical and cultural In case of discovering evidence of possible scientific, pre-historical, historical or Historic and/or finds (HCF) archaeological materials the contractor will implement a chance find procedure cultural asses including the activities of (i) Contractor will stop works and notify PIU; (ii) PIU will protected Contractor, contact and inform the Ministry of Culture about the potential find; (iii) No works Consultant and will proceed until the Ministry of Culture issues in writing that it is safe to proceed; LGB (iv) The findings should be reported to ADB as unanticipated impact together with the actions by PIU and contractors. Operational period
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Impact / Implementation Potential issues / Impacts Mitigation / management measures performance responsibilities indicators Decrease in the discharge of water Since the discharge amount of the water will be decreased by the mudflow Observe the Rural water at Ravine 13 from 5.65 m³/s to 4.25 reservoir, the sustainability of the Kojo-Kaiyr Canal will be kept. efficiency during administrations m³/s operation
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Table 43: Environmental Management Plan related to Direct Impact Zone Number 3 (EMP) Impact / Implementation Potential issues / Impacts Mitigation / management measures performance responsibilities indicators Construction period During arrangement of berms and To avoid the oil spills; oil storage locations will be allocated at least 25 m from the Number of spill Contractor, the flattering of high slopes irrigation canal, potential spillways will be identified and necessary spill emergencies under the adjacent to the edges of the countermeasures to contain, clean up and mitigate will be described in the recorded / number authority of the concrete canal, it is expected that emergency preparedness plan; employees will be trained on about the spill of spill Construction Oil spills accident could happen management, oil storage locations and construction site will be visually inspected emergencies Supervisor of the from machinery used during for spills, spill response equipment and material will be available in the site. contained and PIO. construction. cleaned (based on In case temporary work camps are required, construction of worker camps shall Environment be located close to settlement areas but not near sensitive water resources. In Incident Forms) such cases, the constructor needs to provide a detailed design of each work No grievance camp including infrastructure planning (water supply, electricity supply, waste received from the management, wastewater treatment and disposal). Workers need to be trained downstream how to behave and to handle waste and waste water according environmental farmers related to management requirements. water quality Flora and fauna has not been affected during the construction period Water pollution caused by domestic To avoid the pollution created by the domestic effluent wastewater produced at The wastewater Contractor, effluents produced at the the construction site the toilets will be available for the workers which the facilities/toilets under the construction camps and wastewater effluent accumulation tanks/pits which do not leak to the surface have been authority of the construction site. water resources; and transferred by the licensed firms to the safe disposal or installed at the Construction treatment site. construction camp Supervisor of the and site PIO. The contract with the contractor and sewage disposal authority has been
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Impact / Implementation Potential issues / Impacts Mitigation / management measures performance responsibilities indicators signed Records of sewerage transportation kept during the construction Atmospheric emissions such as The Contractor shall take all necessary precautions to prevent the occurrence of Number of Contractor, exhaust gases and dusts during the exhaust and dust emissions from the site including the concrete batch plant, grievances under the construction, transport and storage silos. In particular, the concrete batch plant and silo shall be well maintained and submitted / authority of the of construction materials measures taken so as not to be left running unnecessarily for long periods when number of Construction not directly in use. The Contractor shall not burn any waste or construction in grievances Supervisor of the material at the site. redressed PIO. To reduce dusting, a dust suppression system is provided that is moistening materials to optimal humidity, and in connection with the application of these measures aimed at reducing emissions into the atmosphere, the effect on atmospheric air can be estimated as minimal to average. The construction, spoil and excavation material shall be transported into or from the site by trucks covered with tarpaulin. To achieve improvements in fuel efficiency and realize the associated reductions in GHG emissions, contractor is expected to make changes ranging from reducing equipment idling time and improving maintenance to replacing or repowering equipment. Noise and vibration affect caused The Contractor shall consider noise as an environmental constraint, which must Number of Contractor, by trucks and construction be addressed in the planning and execution of the works. He shall take all grievances under the machinery. reasonable measures to reduce noise to a minimum. The construction works will submitted / authority of the be limited to daytime (8 am to 8 pm) and will be prohibited in weekends. The number of Construction Contractor shall take all necessary measures to ensure that the operation of all grievances Supervisor of the mechanical equipment and construction processes, on or off site, shall not cause redressed PIO. any unnecessary and excessive noise which may disturb any occupant of nearby noise and dwellings, schools, hospitals, or premises with similar sensitivity to noise. The
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Impact / Implementation Potential issues / Impacts Mitigation / management measures performance responsibilities indicators contractor will monitor the noise and vibration level regularly at the construction vibration site. measurement Solid wastes produced during the The contractor shall scrap the top soil approximately 20 cm, stock it at the site, Visual Contractor, construction activities and use for landscaping after the completion of the construction works. observation, daily under the logs of all top soil authority of the scrapped in site, Construction with precise GPS Supervisor of the location PIO. Construction materials extracted The contractor shall obtain the construction material either from the licensed Daily logs of all Contractor, from borrow pits or quarries. borrowing pits or quarries or they will be licensed and operated by the Contractor. backfilling material under the In each case the Contractor is expected to prepare a detailed Borrow Pit and carried to site, authority of the Quarry Management Plan. The measures and responsibilities of the Contractor with precise GPS Construction will be specified at the Borrow Pit and Quarry Management Plan such as, top soil location Supervisor of the management, stockpiling of the residual material, refill, leveling landscaping, PIO. drainage of surface water, etc. If the contractor uses its own borrow pit and quarry the Borrow Pit and Quarry Management Plan is required to approved by State Inspection on Ecological and Technical Safety. Aesthetic impacts The Contractor shall keep the site clean, reasonably free from all unnecessary Visual inspection Contractor, obstructions and shall safely store the construction materials and dispose the under the spoils and solid waste from the construction site. After the completion of the authority of the works, the Contractor shall immediately clear the work site from all materials, dust Construction and rubbish. Supervisor of the PIO. Disturbance of agricultural activities The construction works shall be carried out after the agricultural season. Dust Visual inspection Contractor, by means of access restriction, soil suppression measures will be applied by the Contractor. The Contractor shall Number of under the compaction, trenching, dust avoid the use of the agricultural fields during the construction activities. If the grievances authority of the emissions. public access to the agricultural areas has been limited due to the construction received Construction activities the Contractor will provide alternative passages, routes, roads to the Supervisor of the public. PIO
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Impact / Implementation Potential issues / Impacts Mitigation / management measures performance responsibilities indicators Increase in traffic volume due to the A traffic management plan will be provided by the Contractor including the routes Traffic Contractor, construction activities. of transportation; speed arrangements; locations of the sensitive areas like Management Plan under the markets, schools, hospitals; and signage, etc. If any damage is given by the Number of authority of the Contractor to the public roads or bridges located on the routes the contractor shall emergency events Construction repair, recover or compensate it. recorded / number Supervisor of the of emergency PIO. events treated (based on Environment Incident Forms) Hygiene and safety risks The Contractor shall adhere to take the necessary procedures to secure the work Number and Contractor, site to prevent any accidents through construction of temporary fencing around frequency of under the the site in an appropriate height and type. The Contractor will bear the accidents authority of the responsibility to guard and secure the work site during night and daytime (24 recorded Construction hours / day), provide the necessary lighting thereto, and fire protection and fire- Supervisor of the fighting equipment. In general, the Contractor should take all necessary PIO. procedures and precautions to prevent injuries or death cases for the workmen or any other person. Safety to workers and the public shall be enhanced by: (i) Proper briefing and training of workers on safety precautions, and their responsibilities for the safety of themselves and others. (ii) Provision to workers of protective clothing including hard hats, and protective footwear. (iii) Ensuring plant and vehicle operators are properly licensed and trained. (iv) Arranging for the provision of first aid facilities, readily available trained paramedical personnel, and emergency transport to the nearest hospital with accident and emergency facilities, and allocation of responsibility for ensuring that these arrangements are continually in place.
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Impact / Implementation Potential issues / Impacts Mitigation / management measures performance responsibilities indicators (v) Arranging for regular safety checks of vehicles and material, and allocation of responsibility for this. (vi) Provision of hazard warning signs around construction sites. Communicable diseases: as To mitigate the risk, the contractors’ contracts must show a clause on Number of Contractor, elsewhere, where worker’s housing occupational health and safety measures to be guaranteed, and include a infections under the areas are established near paragraph, saying e.g.: “The Contractor is obliged to ensure awareness raising detected among authority of the residential households and information to his employees on how to protect oneself and others (local sex- the workers Social communities, there will be short- workers, spouses, and other) from contamination by STI/HIV/AIDS and other Safeguard terms risks of the spread of communicable diseases like COVID-19, and how to practice “safe sex”, personal Specialist of the communicable diseases from the hygiene, and protect oneself against T.B, Rabies, Hepatitis” etc.” . It should also PMO ‘imported’ workers to local women be required that construction contractors distribute or request that the local health or men and vice versa officer distribute information material / awareness campaigns and free condoms (STI/HIV/AIDS, T.B., Dengue fever, to immigrant workers and the local sex-workers. Also, contractors shall maximize scabies, bed bugs and other the number of local, residential workers, to minimize the risk to the local diseases and infections like communities from imported labor. COVID-19). COVID-19 Clause on occupational health and safety measures for emergency response plan Number of Contractor, (including detailed section with measures and algorithm on COVID-19), health infections under the and safety management plan (including a detailed section on COVID-19) to be detected among authority of the included in SSEMP. COVID measures will cover at least temperature the workers Social measurement in access to working or camping site, social distancing in camping Safeguard and working facilities where applicable, use of face masks, enhanced cleaning Specialist of the procedures, education and training, action procedures for suspected or actual PMO COVID-19 cases, following the national regulations and circulars, etc. Employment opportunities for local See recommendations of the reports on “Poverty, Social and Gender Number of local Contractor, communities Assessment” and “Summary Poverty Reduction and Social Strategy” employees on the under the construction authority of the works Social Safeguard
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Impact / Implementation Potential issues / Impacts Mitigation / management measures performance responsibilities indicators Specialist of the PMO Removal of vegetation (20 trees) During the construction activities, the Contractor will remove only reeds and Visual inspection Contractor, vegetation including trees which are planted or naturally grown up in and on during the under the banks of canals. Vegetation along the canal should be removed where construction authority of the necessary. Where cutting of tree is required if necessary, the permission will be period Construction obtained from the local competent authorities. Compensation measure might Measurement of Supervisor of the include the plantation of new trees to the location defined by the local conveyance PIO. environmental authorities. capacity of Removal of vegetation will increase the efficiency of canal conveyance capacity. rehabilitated canal before and after the construction Detection of historical and cultural In case of discovering evidence of possible scientific, pre-historical, historical or Historic and/or finds (HCF) archaeological materials the contractor will implement a chance find procedure cultural asses including the activities of (i) Contractor will stop works and notify PIU; (ii) PIU will protected Contractor, contact and inform the Ministry of Culture about the potential find; (iii) No works Consultant and will proceed until the Ministry of Culture issues in writing that it is safe to proceed; LGB (iv) The findings should be reported to ADB as unanticipated impact together with the actions by PIU and contractors. Operational period Decrease in the risk due to The decrease in the risk of obstruction of canal with the sediments carried out to Compliance with Rural water accumulation of sediments at the the canal by means of the rainfall will increase the sustainable use of the irrigation the mitigation authorities edges of the canal. water. measures
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Table 44: Environmental Management Plan related to Direct Impact Zone Number 4 (EMP) Impact / Implementation Potential issues / Impacts Mitigation / management measures performance responsibilities indicators Construction period During rehabilitation works for the To avoid possible pollution of irrigation water in the Kojo-Kaiyr canal the following Number of spill Contractor, canals and arrangement of berms measures will be taken into account: empty (after the agricultural season). emergencies under the and the flattering of high slopes recorded / number authority of the Using temporary sediment basins on the irrigation canal during the construction adjacent to the edges of the of spill Construction might lessen turbidity problem. concrete canal, it is expected that emergencies Supervisor of the the flow of the canals will be The farmers shall be informed through WUA’s about the temporary water scarcity contained and PIO. redistributed, which could affect the problems during the construction period. cleaned (based on response to satisfying water Environment To avoid the oil spills; oil storage locations will be allocated at least 25 m from the demand. Dredging works increase Incident Forms) irrigation canal, potential spillways will be identified and necessary spill water turbidity, which affects No grievance countermeasures to contain, clean up and mitigate will be described in the aquatic fauna and users of water. received from the emergency preparedness plan; employees will be trained on about the spill Oil spills accident could happen downstream management, oil storage locations and construction site will be visually inspected from machinery used during farmers related to for spills, spill response equipment and material will be available in the site. construction. water quality In case temporary work camps are required, construction of worker camps shall Flora and fauna be located close to settlement areas but not near sensitive water resources. In has not been such cases, the constructor needs to provide a detailed design of each work affected during camp including infrastructure planning (water supply, electricity supply, waste the construction management, wastewater treatment and disposal). Workers need to be trained period how to behave and to handle waste and waste water according environmental management requirements. Water pollution caused by domestic To avoid the pollution created by the domestic effluent wastewater produced at The wastewater Contractor, effluents produced at the the construction camps will be stored at watertight septic tanks, the toilets will be facilities/toilets under the construction camps and available for the workers at the construction site which the wastewater effluent have been authority of the construction site. accumulation tanks/pits which do not leak to the surface water resources; and installed at the Construction transferred by the licensed firms to the safe disposal or treatment site. construction camp Supervisor of the and site PIO. The contract with the contractor and
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Impact / Implementation Potential issues / Impacts Mitigation / management measures performance responsibilities indicators sewage disposal authority has been signed Records of sewerage transportation kept during the construction Atmospheric emissions such as The Contractor shall take all necessary precautions to prevent the occurrence of Number of Contractor, exhaust gases and dusts during the exhaust and dust emissions from the site including the concrete batch plant, grievances under the construction, transport and storage silos. In particular, the concrete batch plant and silo shall be well maintained and submitted / authority of the of construction materials measures taken so as not to be left running unnecessarily for long periods when number of Construction not directly in use. The Contractor shall not burn any waste or construction in grievances Supervisor of the material at the site. redressed PIO. To reduce dusting, a dust suppression system is provided that is moistening materials to optimal humidity, and in connection with the application of these measures aimed at reducing emissions into the atmosphere, the effect on atmospheric air can be estimated as minimal to average. The construction, spoil and excavation material shall be transported into or from the site by trucks covered with tarpaulin. To achieve improvements in fuel efficiency and realize the associated reductions in GHG emissions, contractor is expected to make changes ranging from reducing equipment idling time and improving maintenance to replacing or repowering equipment. Noise and vibration affect caused The Contractor shall consider noise as an environmental constraint, which must Number of Contractor, by trucks and construction be addressed in the planning and execution of the works. He shall take all grievances under the machinery. reasonable measures to reduce noise to a minimum. The construction works will submitted / authority of the be limited to daytime (8 am to 8 pm) and will be prohibited in weekends. The number of Construction Contractor shall take all necessary measures to ensure that the operation of all grievances mechanical equipment and construction processes, on or off site, shall not cause redressed
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Impact / Implementation Potential issues / Impacts Mitigation / management measures performance responsibilities indicators any unnecessary and excessive noise which may disturb any occupant of nearby noise and Supervisor of the dwellings, schools, hospitals, or premises with similar sensitivity to noise. The vibration PIO. contractor will monitor the noise and vibration level regularly at the construction measurement site. Solid wastes produced during the Reuse alternatives for spoils, sediments generated by excavations will be Number of fly- Contractor, construction activities searched by the contractor, the remaining ones will be safely disposed of in the tipping / daily logs under the nearby locations that will be defined by the local authorities. The deposits will be of all spoil authority of the levelled so that will not form hills and/or depressions. The necessary measures removed from Construction related to flooding and drainage will be taken by the contractor. site, with precise Supervisor of the The process of classifying waste types, stockpiling of waste at site, transportation GPS location PIO. and disposal of waste shall be subject to the approval/review of the State Inspection on Ecological and Technical Safety. The domestic solid waste will be sorted and deposited at the construction camp, disposed by the licensed firms and record will be kept. Disposal of fly-tipping shall not be permitted. Deposition shall be carried out in accordance with the requirements of Local Authorities. To prove the correct depositing of excavated material and to prevent the occurrence of fly-tipping, daily logs of all spoil and domestic solid waste removed from site by lorry shall be kept and kept available both on site and at the authorized tips deposition for inspection by the relevant authorities. The contractor shall scrap the top soil approximately 20 cm, stock it at the site, and use for landscaping after the completion of the construction works. Construction materials extracted The contractor shall obtain the construction material either from the licensed Daily logs of all Contractor, from borrow pits or quarries. borrowing pits or quarries or they will be licensed and operated by the Contractor. backfilling material under the In each case the Contractor is expected to prepare a detailed Borrow Pit and carried to site, authority of the Quarry Management Plan. The measures and responsibilities of the Contractor with precise GPS Construction will be specified at the Borrow Pit and Quarry Management Plan such as, top soil location Supervisor of the management, stockpiling of the residual material, refill, leveling landscaping, PIO. drainage of surface water, etc. If the contractor uses its own borrow pit and quarry the Borrow Pit and Quarry Management Plan is required to approved by State Inspection on Ecological and Technical Safety.
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Impact / Implementation Potential issues / Impacts Mitigation / management measures performance responsibilities indicators Aesthetic impacts The Contractor shall keep the site clean, reasonably free from all unnecessary Visual inspection Contractor, obstructions and shall safely store the construction materials and dispose the under the spoils and solid waste from the construction site. After the completion of the authority of the works, the Contractor shall immediately clear the work site from all materials, dust Construction and rubbish. Supervisor of the PIO. Cut off irrigation water The irrigation water will be cut off after the irrigation season. To minimize The working Contractor, hydrobiological impacts on the Turkestan catfish, the irrigation water in the canal period agreed under the will be available during the spawning period (May-July) of the Turkestan catfish between the authority of the executing agency Construction and WUA Supervisor of the Number of PIO, WUAs grievances received Disturbance of agricultural activities The construction works shall be carried out after the agricultural season. Dust Visual inspection Contractor, by means of access restriction, soil suppression measures will be applied by the Contractor. The Contractor shall Number of under the compaction, trenching, dust avoid the use of the agricultural fields during the construction activities. If the grievances authority of the emissions. public access to the agricultural areas has been limited due to the construction received Construction activities the Contractor will provide alternative passages, routes, roads to the Supervisor of the public. PIO Increase in traffic volume due to the A traffic management plan will be provided by the Contractor including the routes Traffic Contractor, construction activities. of transportation; speed arrangements; locations of the sensitive areas like Management Plan under the markets, schools, hospitals; and signage, etc. If any damage is given by the Number of authority of the Contractor to the public roads or bridges located on the routes the contractor shall emergency events Construction repair, recover or compensate it. recorded / number Supervisor of the of emergency PIO. events treated (based on Environment Incident Forms)
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Impact / Implementation Potential issues / Impacts Mitigation / management measures performance responsibilities indicators Hygiene and safety risks The Contractor shall adhere to take the necessary procedures to secure the work Number and Contractor, site to prevent any accidents through construction of temporary fencing around frequency of under the the site in an appropriate height and type. The Contractor will bear the accidents authority of the responsibility to guard and secure the work site during night and daytime (24 recorded Construction hours / day), provide the necessary lighting thereto, and fire protection and fire- Supervisor of the fighting equipment. In general, the Contractor should take all necessary PIO. procedures and precautions to prevent injuries or death cases for the workmen or any other person. Safety to workers and the public shall be enhanced by: (i) Proper briefing and training of workers on safety precautions, and their responsibilities for the safety of themselves and others. (ii) Provision to workers of protective clothing including hard hats, and protective footwear. (iii) Ensuring plant and vehicle operators are properly licensed and trained. (iv) Arranging for the provision of first aid facilities, readily available trained paramedical personnel, and emergency transport to the nearest hospital with accident and emergency facilities, and allocation of responsibility for ensuring that these arrangements are continually in place. (v) Arranging for regular safety checks of vehicles and material, and allocation of responsibility for this. (vi) Provision of hazard warning signs around construction sites. Communicable diseases: as To mitigate the risk, the contractors’ contracts must show a clause on Number of Contractor, elsewhere, where worker’s housing occupational health and safety measures to be guaranteed, and include a infections under the areas are established near paragraph, saying e.g.: “The Contractor is obliged to ensure awareness raising detected among authority of the residential households and information to his employees on how to protect oneself and others (local sex- the workers Social communities, there will be short- workers, spouses, and other) from contamination by STI/HIV/AIDS and other Safeguard terms risks of the spread of communicable diseases like COVID-19, and how to practice “safe sex”, personal Specialist of the communicable diseases from the hygiene, and protect oneself against T.B, Rabies, Hepatitis” etc.” . It should also PMO ‘imported’ workers to local women be required that construction contractors distribute or request that the local health
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Impact / Implementation Potential issues / Impacts Mitigation / management measures performance responsibilities indicators or men and vice versa officer distribute information material / awareness campaigns and free condoms (STI/HIV/AIDS, T.B., Dengue fever, to immigrant workers and the local sex-workers. Also, contractors shall maximize scabies, bed bugs and other the number of local, residential workers, to minimize the risk to the local diseases and infections like communities from imported labor. COVID-19). COVID-19 Clause on occupational health and safety measures for emergency response plan Number of Contractor, (including detailed section with measures and algorithm on COVID-19), health infections under the and safety management plan (including a detailed section on COVID-19) to be detected among authority of the included in SSEMP. COVID measures will cover at least temperature the workers Social measurement in access to working or camping site, social distancing in camping Safeguard and working facilities where applicable, use of face masks, enhanced cleaning Specialist of the procedures, education and training, action procedures for suspected or actual PMO COVID-19 cases, following the national regulations and circulars, etc. Employment opportunities for local See recommendations of the reports on “Poverty, Social and Gender Number of local Contractor, communities Assessment” and “Summary Poverty Reduction and Social Strategy” employees on the under the construction authority of the works Social Safeguard Specialist of the PMO Removal of vegetation (20 trees) During the construction activities, the Contractor will remove only reeds and Visual inspection Contractor, vegetation including trees which are planted or naturally grown up in and on during the under the banks of canals. Vegetation along the canal should be removed where construction authority of the necessary. Where cutting of tree is required if necessary, the permission will be period Construction obtained from the local competent authorities. Compensation measure might Measurement of Supervisor of the include the plantation of new trees to the location defined by the local conveyance PIO. environmental authorities. capacity of Removal of vegetation will increase the efficiency of canal conveyance capacity. rehabilitated canal before and after the construction
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Impact / Implementation Potential issues / Impacts Mitigation / management measures performance responsibilities indicators Detection of historical and cultural In case of discovering evidence of possible scientific, pre-historical, historical or Historic and/or finds (HCF) archaeological materials the contractor will implement a chance find procedure cultural asses including the activities of (i) Contractor will stop works and notify PIU; (ii) PIU will protected Contractor, contact and inform the Ministry of Culture about the potential find; (iii) No works Consultant and will proceed until the Ministry of Culture issues in writing that it is safe to proceed; LGB (iv) The findings should be reported to ADB as unanticipated impact together with the actions by PIU and contractors. Operational period Protection of the public and/or The construction of fences for protective purposes of 2.3 km length at the Compliance with Rural water animal entrance to the Kojo-Kaiyr resettlement areas will increase the safety of public and livestock located at the the mitigation authorities Canal vicinity of the Kojo-Kaiyr Canal. measures Decrease in the risk due to The decrease in the risk of obstruction of canal with the sediments carried out to Compliance with Rural water accumulation of sediments at the the canal by means of the rainfall will increase the sustainable use of the irrigation the mitigation authorities edges of the canal. water. measures
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Table 45: Environmental Management Plan related to Direct Impact Zone Number 5 (EMP) Impact / Implementation Potential issues / Impacts Mitigation / management measures performance responsibilities indicators Construction period During rehabilitation works for the To avoid possible pollution of irrigation water in the Kojo-Kaiyr canal the following Number of spill Contractor, main intake and chute, mudflow measures will be taken into account: empty (after the agricultural season). emergencies under the crossing structures and recorded / number authority of the The farmers shall be informed through WUA’s about the temporary water scarcity rehabilitation of hydropost, it is of spill Construction problems during the construction period. expected that the flow of the canals emergencies Supervisor of the will be redistributed, which could To avoid the oil spills; oil storage locations will be allocated at least 25 m from the contained and PIO. affect the response to satisfying irrigation canal, potential spillways will be identified and necessary spill cleaned (based on water demand. countermeasures to contain, clean up and mitigate will be described in the Environment emergency preparedness plan; employees will be trained on about the spill Incident Forms) management, oil storage locations and construction site will be visually inspected No grievance for spills, spill response equipment and material will be available in the site. received from the downstream In case temporary work camps are required, construction of worker camps shall farmers related to be located close to settlement areas but not near sensitive water resources. In water quality such cases, the constructor needs to provide a detailed design of each work Flora and fauna camp including infrastructure planning (water supply, electricity supply, waste has not been management, wastewater treatment and disposal). Workers need to be trained affected during how to behave and to handle waste and waste water according environmental the construction management requirements. period Water pollution caused by domestic To avoid the pollution created by the domestic effluent wastewater produced at The wastewater Contractor, effluents produced at the the construction camps will be stored at watertight septic tanks, the toilets will be facilities/toilets under the construction camps and available for the workers at the construction site which the wastewater effluent have been authority of the construction site. accumulation tanks/pits which do not leak to the surface water resources; and installed at the Construction transferred by the licensed firms to the safe disposal or treatment site. construction camp Supervisor of the and site PIO. The contract with the contractor and sewage disposal authority has been
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Impact / Implementation Potential issues / Impacts Mitigation / management measures performance responsibilities indicators signed Records of sewerage transportation kept during the construction Atmospheric emissions such as The Contractor shall take all necessary precautions to prevent the occurrence of Number of Contractor, exhaust gases and dusts during the exhaust and dust emissions from the site including the concrete batch plant, grievances under the construction, transport and storage silos. In particular, the concrete batch plant and silo shall be well maintained and submitted / authority of the of construction materials measures taken so as not to be left running unnecessarily for long periods when number of Construction not directly in use. The Contractor shall not burn any waste or construction in grievances Supervisor of the material at the site. redressed PIO. To reduce dusting, a dust suppression system is provided that is moistening materials to optimal humidity, and in connection with the application of these measures aimed at reducing emissions into the atmosphere, the effect on atmospheric air can be estimated as minimal to average. The construction, spoil and excavation material shall be transported into or from the site by trucks covered with tarpaulin. To achieve improvements in fuel efficiency and realize the associated reductions in GHG emissions, contractor is expected to make changes ranging from reducing equipment idling time and improving maintenance to replacing or repowering equipment. Noise and vibration affect caused The Contractor shall consider noise as an environmental constraint, which must Number of Contractor, by trucks and construction be addressed in the planning and execution of the works. He shall take all grievances under the machinery. reasonable measures to reduce noise to a minimum. The construction works will submitted / authority of the be limited to daytime (8 am to 8 pm) and will be prohibited in weekends. The number of Construction Contractor shall take all necessary measures to ensure that the operation of all grievances Supervisor of the mechanical equipment and construction processes, on or off site, shall not cause redressed PIO. any unnecessary and excessive noise which may disturb any occupant of nearby noise and dwellings, schools, hospitals, or premises with similar sensitivity to noise. The
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Impact / Implementation Potential issues / Impacts Mitigation / management measures performance responsibilities indicators contractor will monitor the noise and vibration level regularly at the construction vibration site. measurement Solid wastes produced during the Reuse alternatives for spoils, metals generated by excavations will be searched Number of fly- Contractor, construction activities by the contractor, the remaining ones will be safely disposed of in the nearby tipping / daily logs under the locations that will be defined by the local authorities. The deposits will be levelled of all spoil or authority of the so that will not form hills and/or depressions. The necessary measures related to metal removed Construction flooding and drainage will be taken by the contractor. from site, with Supervisor of the precise GPS PIO. The process of classifying waste types, stockpiling of waste at site, transportation location and disposal of waste shall be subject to the approval/review of the State Inspection on Ecological and Technical Safety. The domestic solid waste will be sorted and deposited at the construction camp, disposed by the licensed firms and record will be kept. Disposal of fly-tipping shall not be permitted. Deposition shall be carried out in accordance with the requirements of Local Authorities. To prove the correct depositing of excavated material and to prevent the occurrence of fly-tipping, daily logs of all spoil and domestic solid waste removed from site by lorry shall be kept and kept available both on site and at the authorized tips deposition for inspection by the relevant authorities. Construction materials extracted The contractor shall obtain the construction material either from the licensed Daily logs of all Contractor, from borrow pits or quarries. borrowing pits or quarries or they will be licensed and operated by the Contractor. backfilling material under the In each case the Contractor is expected to prepare a detailed Borrow Pit and carried to site, authority of the Quarry Management Plan. The measures and responsibilities of the Contractor with precise GPS Construction will be specified at the Borrow Pit and Quarry Management Plan such as, top soil location Supervisor of the management, stockpiling of the residual material, refill, leveling landscaping, PIO. drainage of surface water, etc. If the contractor uses its own borrow pit and quarry the Borrow Pit and Quarry Management Plan is required to approved by State Inspection on Ecological and Technical Safety. Aesthetic impacts The Contractor shall keep the site clean, reasonably free from all unnecessary Visual inspection Contractor, obstructions and shall safely store the construction materials and dispose the under the spoils and solid waste from the construction site. After the completion of the authority of the Construction
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Impact / Implementation Potential issues / Impacts Mitigation / management measures performance responsibilities indicators works, the Contractor shall immediately clear the work site from all materials, dust Supervisor of the and rubbish. PIO. Cut off irrigation water The irrigation water will be cut off after the irrigation season. To minimize The working Contractor, hydrobiological impacts on the Turkestan catfish, the irrigation water in the canal period agreed under the will be available during the spawning period (May-July) of the Turkestan catfish between the authority of the executing agency Construction and WUA Supervisor of the Number of PIO, WUAs grievances received Disturbance of agricultural activities The construction works shall be carried out after the agricultural season. Dust Visual inspection Contractor, by means of access restriction, soil suppression measures will be applied by the Contractor. The Contractor shall Number of under the compaction, trenching, dust avoid the use of the agricultural fields during the construction activities. If the grievances authority of the emissions. public access to the agricultural areas has been limited due to the construction received Construction activities the Contractor will provide alternative passages, routes, roads to the Supervisor of the public. PIO Increase in traffic volume due to the A traffic management plan will be provided by the Contractor including the routes Traffic Contractor, construction activities. of transportation; speed arrangements; locations of the sensitive areas like Management Plan under the markets, schools, hospitals; and signage, etc. If any damage is given by the Number of authority of the Contractor to the public roads or bridges located on the routes the contractor shall emergency events Construction repair, recover or compensate it. recorded / number Supervisor of the of emergency PIO. events treated (based on Environment Incident Forms) Hygiene and safety risks The Contractor shall adhere to take the necessary procedures to secure the work Number and Contractor, site to prevent any accidents through construction of temporary fencing around frequency of under the the site in an appropriate height and type. The Contractor will bear the authority of the responsibility to guard and secure the work site during night and daytime (24 Construction
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Impact / Implementation Potential issues / Impacts Mitigation / management measures performance responsibilities indicators hours / day), provide the necessary lighting thereto, and fire protection and fire- accidents Supervisor of the fighting equipment. In general, the Contractor should take all necessary recorded PIO. procedures and precautions to prevent injuries or death cases for the workmen or any other person. Safety to workers and the public shall be enhanced by: (i) Proper briefing and training of workers on safety precautions, and their responsibilities for the safety of themselves and others. (ii) Provision to workers of protective clothing including hard hats, and protective footwear. (iii) Ensuring plant and vehicle operators are properly licensed and trained. (iv) Arranging for the provision of first aid facilities, readily available trained paramedical personnel, and emergency transport to the nearest hospital with accident and emergency facilities, and allocation of responsibility for ensuring that these arrangements are continually in place. (v) Arranging for regular safety checks of vehicles and material, and allocation of responsibility for this. (vi) Provision of hazard warning signs around construction sites. Communicable diseases: as To mitigate the risk, the contractors’ contracts must show a clause on Number of Contractor, elsewhere, where worker’s housing occupational health and safety measures to be guaranteed, and include a infections under the areas are established near paragraph, saying e.g.: “The Contractor is obliged to ensure awareness raising detected among authority of the residential households and information to his employees on how to protect oneself and others (local sex- the workers Social communities, there will be short- workers, spouses, and other) from contamination by STI/HIV/AIDS and other Safeguard terms risks of the spread of communicable diseases like COVID-19, and how to practice “safe sex”, personal Specialist of the communicable diseases from the hygiene, and protect oneself against T.B, Rabies, Hepatitis” etc.” . It should also PMO ‘imported’ workers to local women be required that construction contractors distribute or request that the local health or men and vice versa officer distribute information material / awareness campaigns and free condoms (STI/HIV/AIDS, T.B., Dengue fever, to immigrant workers and the local sex-workers. Also, contractors shall maximize scabies, bed bugs and other the number of local, residential workers, to minimize the risk to the local communities from imported labor.
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Impact / Implementation Potential issues / Impacts Mitigation / management measures performance responsibilities indicators diseases and infections like COVID-19). COVID-19 Clause on occupational health and safety measures for emergency response plan Number of Contractor, (including detailed section with measures and algorithm on COVID-19), health infections under the and safety management plan (including a detailed section on COVID-19) to be detected among authority of the included in SSEMP. COVID measures will cover at least temperature the workers Social measurement in access to working or camping site, social distancing in camping Safeguard and working facilities where applicable, use of face masks, enhanced cleaning Specialist of the procedures, education and training, action procedures for suspected or actual PMO COVID-19 cases, following the national regulations and circulars, etc. Employment opportunities for local See recommendations of the reports on “Poverty, Social and Gender Number of local Contractor, communities Assessment” and “Summary Poverty Reduction and Social Strategy” employees on the under the construction authority of the works Social Safeguard Specialist of the PMO Detection of historical and cultural In case of discovering evidence of possible scientific, pre-historical, historical or Historic and/or finds (HCF) archaeological materials the contractor will implement a chance find procedure cultural asses including the activities of (i) Contractor will stop works and notify PIU; (ii) PIU will protected Contractor, contact and inform the Ministry of Culture about the potential find; (iii) No works Consultant and will proceed until the Ministry of Culture issues in writing that it is safe to proceed; LGB (iv) The findings should be reported to ADB as unanticipated impact together with the actions by PIU and contractors. Operational period Increase in the efficiency of Since the metered amount will be provided to the WUA’s, the farmers will Compliance with Rural water irrigation water usage efficiently use the irrigation water. the mitigation authorities, measures WUAs
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9.3 Environmental Monitoring Plan
324. Environmental monitoring must provide information about key environmental aspects of the subprojects, particularly the project environmental impacts and the effectiveness of taken mitigation measures. Such information enables an evaluation of the success of mitigation as part of project supervision, and allows corrective action(s) to be implemented, when needed. In this regard the EMMP identifies monitoring objectives and specifies the type of monitoring, and their link to impacts and mitigation measures. 325. The tables below show for each subproject component the monitoring prescriptions regarding the anticipated impacts and mitigation measures performances. What the impact/performance indicators in the environmental management plans were, here become the monitoring parameters of the environmental monitoring plan.
9.4 Site-Specific Environmental Management Plans
326. SEMPs will be developed during the detailed design phase and will be submitted to PIU for review at least 15 days prior to the commencement of the construction works. They will contain procedures and plans to ensure that the mitigation measures and monitoring requirements are implemented during the construction period. Before the finalization of the Site-Specific Environmental Management Plan by the Contractor and it approval by PIU construction works will not be commenced. 327. It will be ensured by the PIU/PIC contractor IEE, EMP and SEMP related requirements are fully reflected to the bidding and contract documents. 328. The list of SEMPs to be required by the contractor is as follows: . Waste Management Plan and Procedure (waste categories, handling and intermediate storage and transport, waste reuse and recycling, disposal); . Surface Water Management Plan and Spill Emergency Procedure (spill categories, small spill intervention, large spill emergencies, spill kit materials, procedures for containment and clean-up, personnel training); . Emergency Response Plan which establishes Emergency Response Procedures for the project. . Soil Management Plan and Spill Emergency Procedure (spill categories, small spill intervention, large spill emergencies, spill kit materials, procedures for containment and clean-up, personnel training); . Noise and Vibration Management Plan (by category of vehicle/machinery/plant, procedures for limitation, personnel training); . Atmospheric Emissions and Dust Management Plan (by category of vehicle/machinery/plant, procedures for limitation, personnel training); . Visual and Cleanliness Management Plan (organization of the construction site, material and waste management procedures, personnel training) . Health and Safety Management Plan (incident/accident categories, emergency kit material, procedures for risk reduction, personnel training, a detailed section on COVID-19). . Traffic Management Plan: including the routes of transportation; speed arrangements; locations of the sensitive areas like markets, schools, hospitals; and signage, etc. . Archaeological Chance Finds Protocol: It specifies the responsibilities and procedures to be followed by the contractor in case of finding pre-historical, historical or archaeological materials during the construction. 329. The SEMPs will include the following monitoring requirements.
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Table 46: Common monitoring requirements for all components of the subproject (construction period) Potential impacts Monitoring parameters/methods Location Frequency Responsibility Reporting Damage to public or Record of grievances from public or Construction As needed DWR Unit Head of the To the Project private properties private owners. site Project Implementation Director of the Project and public facilities Office (PIO) Implementation Unit (PIU) in Bishkek Water pollution Water quality: BOD, SS, pH, NH3-N, Construction Before starting Environmental safeguard Report on the total P, heavy metals… site the works specialist of the Project background water Implementation Unit (PIU) in quality before starting
Bishkek. the works Visual inspection Once per week
Record of spill emergencies Daily Construction Supervisor of Filling up the PIO. Environment Incident Forms Water pollution upon Chemical Oxygen Demand, Construction Upon Contractor /Consultant Reporting to PIU contamination Suspended Matter, Dissolved site and contamination Oxygen, Fecal Coli, Turbidity, downstream Conductivity, pH, Temperature; locations additional parameters will be determined Air Pollution Visual inspection Construction Once per week Environmental safeguard site and specialist of the PIU. Record of grievances from Filling up nearby neighbourhood or farmers Daily Construction Supervisor of Environment Incident houses/fields the PIO. Forms Noise and vibration Site inspection Construction Once per week Environmental safeguard Filling up site and specialist of the PIU. Environment Incident Record of grievances from nearby Forms neighbourhood Daily Construction Supervisor of houses the PIO.
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Potential impacts Monitoring parameters/methods Location Frequency Responsibility Reporting Noise dBA level in sensitive areas according Construction Prior to the Environmental safeguard Noise measurement to the EMP site and commencement specialist of the PIU / results to PIU nearby to and during Construction Supervisor of houses construction on the PIO/ Construction monthly basis Contractor Vibration Vibration level Construction Monthly Environmental safeguard Vibration site and specialist of the PIU / measurement results nearby Construction Supervisor of to PIU houses the PIO/ Construction Contractor Wastes from Visual Inspection of all disposal sites Waste Once per week Environmental safeguard Filling up construction activities disposal specialist of the PIU. Environment Incident Record of fly-tipping sites sites Forms
Daily logs of all spoil removed from Daily Construction Supervisor of site, with precise GPS location of the PIO. disposal sites Supply of backfilling Visual inspection of all borrow pits Borrow pits Once per week Environmental safeguard Filling up and construction and quarries and quarries specialist of the PIU. Environment Incident
material Forms Daily logs of all backfilling material Daily Construction Supervisor of carried to site, with precise GPS the PIO. location Visual intrusion Visual inspection Construction Once per week Environmental safeguard Filling up site specialist of the PIU. Environment Incident
Forms Daily Construction Supervisor of the PIO. Access and safety Visual inspection Construction Once per week Health and safety specialist Filling up Health & issues related to site and of the PIU. Safety Incident Forms Record of grievances and emergency truck traffic and transport events Daily Construction Supervisor of construction routes the PIO. machinery.
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Potential impacts Monitoring parameters/methods Location Frequency Responsibility Reporting Occupational Visual inspection All sites Once per week Health and safety specialist Filling up Health & hazards of the PIU. Safety Incident Forms Checking training level of the workers Daily Construction Supervisor of Record of accidents the PIO. Communicable Checking awareness level of the Construction Once per week Health and safety specialist Filling up Health & diseases workers site or camp of the PIU. Safety Incident Forms Record of infections detected among the workers Employment Record of local employees on the Construction Once per week Environmental safeguard Environmental opportunities for local construction works and gender share site specialist of the PIU. monthly reports communities
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330. The SEMPs implementation will require the following implementation arrangements: The Contractor’s Site Manager is responsible for the implementation of the SEMP at the construction site, based on legal requirements and IEE. To achieve this task, he mainly relies on the company’s Environmental Officer. The Contractor’s Site Manager must: . Request the necessary Licenses and Authorizations that correspond to the environmental matter that will be affected by the Project. . Carry out the control of the corresponding Licenses and Authorizations. . Contract the necessary services to withdraw the waste generated by the Project (handling, haulage, dump, etc.) . Control of the waste quality. . Comply with the legal and environmental requirements that apply to the project. . Assess everyday compliance with the requirements. . Sign the Operation Control Sheets, in case of anomaly. . Identify and Register any Non-Conformity that could happen regarding the environmental plan and implement the appropriate action when an incident occurs. . Verify the implementation and efficiency of the implemented action. . Act in case of emergency. . Identify and register the external communications. 331. Under the responsibility of the Project Director of the PIU, monitoring of construction-phase impacts and mitigation will be integrated into the work plans of the PIO construction supervisors. Schedules of monitoring activities, procedures, and checklists to be used by these supervisors will be prepared in collaboration with them. On-the-job training and backstopping of PIO construction supervisors will be provided as required by the PIU environment safeguard and health & safety specialists. 332. The PIU specialists and PIO Construction Supervisor will be responsible for monitoring environmental impacts and proper implementation of the various preventive actions and mitigation measures required by the SEMPs. This will entail regular site visits to verify that environmental impacts are under control and appropriate preventive actions and/or mitigation measures have been implemented. 333. The State Inspection on Ecological and Technical Safety (SIETS), based on random inspections, will perform control activities. In order to raise awareness of the SAWR on environmental issues, its local representatives (Kadamjai District) should be trained to support the SEMP. As representatives of the affected people and member of the Grievance Redress Group, the Water Users Associations of the Kojo-Kaiyr irrigation system will also play an important role in the EMMP implementation monitoring (grievance record). 334. During the construction period environmental mitigation measures is to be reported by the PIU and PIO in monthly reports on project implementation. All the non-conformities (incidents) and the necessary actions to reduce the negative impacts and eliminate the non-conformity causes will be included in the report. The results of project monitoring and supervision will be recorded and maintained by the PIU throughout the life of the project. The PIU will report the results of its monitoring program in the periodic progress reports it submits to the Water Agency and SAWR; Bank supervision missions will review the results of the monitoring program on a regular basis.
9.5 EMMP Cost
335. The contractor has to take fully account of the EMP specifications and shall bear all the costs for its implementation in the framework of its Environmental Management System (EMS). As such, he shall make a provision in its financial proposal for all costs incurred by the necessary measures to avoid, reduce or compensate all environmental impacts related to the subproject construction works. 336. The monitoring costs are included in the PIU and PIO staff costs. For information, the cost of the Environmental Specialist within the PIU amounts $ 22,500 for the whole Project duration.
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Table 47: Cost of the mitigation measures Project Mitigation measure Quantity Unit Cost Component cost ($) estimate ($) 10 Security fences along construction from HM 2 300 m 31.13 71 600 72+75 (71+30) to HM 88+35 (85+30) ; from HM 98+00 (93+90) to HM 105+00 (115+10) 2,3,4,5,6, 9 Provision for tree plantation in the location and 10 defined by the local environmental authorities Channel protection from debris, at 3 sections 3 sec. Lump 32 500 sum all Provision for tree plantation in the location 190 3 570 defined by the local environmental authorities all Noise (before the construction start and 250 2 500 during the construction monthly) all Vibration (measured by local government 250 6 1 500 authority) All excluding Water quality monitoring (should be paid by - - Not required 10 the polluter) TOTAL 107 270
337. The cost of the mitigation measures amounts to 3.2% of the initial total cost of the Kojo-Kaiyr subproject.
9.6 Reporting requirements of the Contractor
338. The Contractor shall submit to the Engineer each month a report on his progress in the performance of the Contract. The progress report shall follow a standard format to be approved by the Engineer and shall include, but not be limited to, the following: - Daily labor records and monthly totals; - Daily plant records and monthly totals; - Physical progress compared with planned progress; - Financial progress compared with planned financial progress; - Plant and labor resource compared with planned plant and labor resources.
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10 CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
339. Lands allocated for the Kojo-Kaiyr irrigation system refers to lands of long-time or permanent allotment for agricultural purposes. Where vegetation and topsoil is being transformed, numerous facilities are being built; the lithogenic basis (compaction, soil withdrawal), terrain, hydrological regime undergo radical changes. These lands are territories for an undefined period of time taken out of the habitat/living environment. In this context, the fauna and flora in the irrigation system area is poor, and is represented mainly by species of the so-called "cultural landscape". The habitats of notable species of mammals and birds are located at a safe distance from settlements and agricultural lands. 340. In general, the construction/reconstruction and operation of the Kojo-Kaiyr subproject components will not lead to changes in the species communities and will not affect the general state of the populations. Therefore, there is no threat to biodiversity as a whole. The level/degree of impact is rather low, the area is characterized by high human-induced pressures and density of population, and intensive agriculture. 341. Although the environmental survey of the canal has identified a number of potential impacts associated with the operation and maintenance of the canal, the use of good construction practices and simple and affordable mitigation measures will ensure that these impacts are not significant and do not affect the feasibility of the proposed project. 342. The environmental consequences of the proposed subproject components will include: . Moderate loss of vegetation cover; . Moderate fragmentation of habitats (mudflow crossing structure n°1); . Low risk of damage to species that need protection; . Low risk of biodiversity loss; . Minor impact on landscape; . Low level nuisances to the neighborhood during the construction period (dust, atmospheric pollution, noise, traffic disturbances, etc.); . Low greenhouse gas emissions; . Low risk of exposure to health and safety risks. 343. Positive environmental and social impacts will include: . Increase the safety level of irrigation water supply; . Increase employment of local people; . Potential reduction in the cost of agricultural products, leading to an improved quality of life; . Potential reduction in the cost of irrigation, leading to increased competitiveness of farmers and entrepreneurs in the agricultural industry. 344. The application of proven, internationally accepted environmentally sound design solutions, good management and construction practices during the project implementation are sufficient measures to avoid, minimize, mitigate and compensate almost all potentially significant adverse effects of the impact on the environment.
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11 MAIN BIBLIOGRAPHICAL REFERENCES
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22. Guidelines for calculating emissions from unorganized sources in the building material industry, Soyuzstromekologiya, 1989. 23. Guidelines for calculating emissions from unorganized sources in the building material industry, “NIPIOTSTROM”, Novorossiysk, 2000. 24. Scientific & Application Reference on the USSR Climate, Series 3, Perennial Data. Issue 32, Kyrgyz SSR, L., 1989 25. National Environmental Report of the Kyrgyz Republic. Approved by the Kyrgyz Government’s Order No.549-r dated December 19, 2016. 26. Water consumption and sanitation rates for centralized water supply systems of industries of the Kyrgyz Republic. Approved by Ministry of Agriculture and Water Resources No.8 dated January 27, 1997. 27. All-Union Regulatory Document-86. Goscomhydromet. Methodology for calculating atmospheric concentrations of harmful substances contained in enterprise emissions. L., Hydrometeoizdat, 1987. 28. Key to weed plants in Kyrgyzstan. Frunze. Kyrgyzstan. 1989. 29. Regulation on Procedure for environmental impact assessment in the Kyrgyz Republic (KRGR No.60 dated February 13, 2015). 30. Regulation on land reclamation (restoration) and the procedure for its acceptance into operation (KRGR No. 304 of 07/12/1993). 31. Resolution of the Government of the Kyrgyz Republic “On approval of lists of rare and endangered species of animals and plants for their inclusion in the Red List of the Kyrgyz Republic (Amended by the KR Government Resolution No. 471 dated July 25, 2009). 32. KR Government Resolution No. 128 dated March 14, 2016 "On approval of surface water protection Regulations of the Kyrgyz Republic. 33. KR Government Resolution No. 12 dated January 17, 2020 "On approval of the Regulation on procedure for issuing authorization documents for designing, construction and other changes in real estate properties and on procedure for commissioning of completed construction projects in the Kyrgyz Republic". 34. Kyrgyz Government Resolution dated September 7, 2009, No. 561 "On fisheries development and natural and artificial water reservoirs use in the Kyrgyz Republic" (Amend. by Kyrgyz Government’s Resolution dated February 19, 2019 No. 67). 35. Rare and endangered animals. I.P. Sosnovskiy. M., Metallurgy, 1987.
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39. Sanitary rules and standards "Sanitary protection zones and sanitary classification of enterprises, structures and other objects", 2016. 40. Collection of methods for calculating atmospheric emissions of pollutants from various industries, L., Hydrometeoizdat, 1986. 41. Collection of specific indicators of waste generation and waste consumption. Moscow, 1999. 42. Glossary reference book and list of regulatory and technical documentation on environmental protection. 1990.
43. Glossary of Physical Geography. A.I. Soloviev, G.V. Karpov. M., Prosveschenie, 1983.
44. SNiP 2.04.02-84 “Water Supply. External networks and structures”. 45. SNiP 2.04.03-85 “Sewage. External networks and structures”. 46. Soviet Encyclopedical Dictionary, M, Soviet Encyclopedia, 1983.
47. Handbook of production noise control, M., 1979. 48. Forest Typology of Kyrgyz Republic Bishkek, INTERCOOPERATION. 2008. 49. Turdakov F.A. Fishes of Kirgizia. 1963. 50. Shnitnikov V.N. Birds of Semirechie. M. - L., 1949. 51. Encyclopedia. Kyrgyz Soviet Socialist Republic, Academy of Sciences of the Kyrgyz SSR, Frunze, 1982.
52. Encyclopedia. Kyrgyz jergesi. Kyrgyz SSR Ilimder Academiasy. Frunze. 1990.
53. Isfayramsay // Great Soviet Encyclopedia: [in 30 volumes] / Ch. ed. A.M. Prokhorov. - 3rd ed. - M.: Soviet Encyclopedia, 1969-1978.
54. IBAT PS6 & ESS6 Report, Generated under license 1399-13794 from the Integrated Biodiversity Assessment Tool on 02 February 2021 (GMT). www.ibat-alliance.org
55. IBAT Freshwater Report, Generated under license 1399-13793 from the Integrated Biodiversity Assessment Tool on 02 February 2021 (GMT). www.ibat-alliance.org
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Appendixes
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Appendix 1. Determination of the hazard category for business and other entities
1 Determination of the hazard category for business and other entities emitting into the atmosphere Hazard category for business and other entities is calculated by the following formula: n ai EHC = E (Mi / MPCcci), with: i=1 “n” is the amount of pollutants emitted by the entity of business and other activities into the atmosphere; “Mi” - mass of specific substance emission, tons per year; “MPCcci” - average daily maximum permissible concentration of a specific pollutant in the atmospheric air in populated areas, mg/m3; “ai” is a dimensionless constant. The dimensionless constant values are determined with help of the table below: The constant value “ai” depending on the pollutant hazard class
Constant Substance hazard class 1 2 or 3 4 αi 1.7 1 0.8
EHC values are calculated provided that Mi / MPCcci> 1.0. With values of Mi / MPCcci <= 1.0, EHC values are not calculated and are equal to 0. Hazard category (HC) EHC value I EHC ≥1000 II 1000 >EHC ≥100 III EHC < 100
Table 1.1. EHC determination. EHC <100 - hazard category III
Accepted Substance for the emission, No. Substance Name Code HC calculation ai EHC tons per of MPC, year mg/m3
1 Inorganic dust SiO2 (20- 3091 3 0.3
70%) 2 White-spirit 3889 3 1.0 3 Xylene 2079 3 0.2
Total:
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2 Determination of the hazard category for business and other entities discharging the wastewater Business or other entities with the hazard category II in terms of discharges include facilities that have wastewater, but transfer them to another business or other entities.
3 Determination of the hazard category for business and other facilities which activity causes waste generation Business or other entities with the hazard category III in terms of waste include facilities for which the following condition is fulfilled: production activities generate lower than hazard class 4 wastes.
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Appendix 2. Calculation of emissions, (Pollution Agents) PA discharges and waste generation
The calculation of the projected volumes of pollutants emitted into the atmosphere, waste water and generated solid domestic waste are given below in tabular form. Initial data for calculations The consumption of basic building materials and volume of earthworks are presented in Table A.2.1. Table A.2.1. Scope of work and amount of materials No. Name of works Unit Total Note 1 Excavation m³ 20920,38 2 Quality embankment m³ 2330 3 Gravel-sand cushion m³ 152,00 4 Concrete bedding m³ 2105,50 5 Ramped gravel and pebble. cushion m³ 42 6 Slope and bottom grading m² 60341,98 7 Fill and backfill m³ 720,00 8 Masonry lining in 2 layers, Dк = 30cm m³ 114 9 Rubble stone lining two layers d = 65cm m³ 890 10 Precast concrete (Pipe Т40.25-2) m³ 19,5 11 Monolithic reinforced concrete m³ 391,55 including concrete bottom m³ 107,25 В-20 slopes m³ 57,28 F-150 walls m³ 219,45 W-6 tooth m³ 7,57 reinforcedment kg 21544,50 12 Reinforced concrete m³ 7099,28 В-20 including concrete bottom m³ 2279,20 F-150 slopes m³ 4820,08 W-6 reinforcedment m 482885,96
kg 31542,08 13 Monolithic concrete m³ 1434,11 14 Crumpled loam pipe lining m³ 185,00 15 Burlap seam impregnated with bitumen m² 3,3 В-7.5 16 Expansion joint m 76,1 Waterproofing of concrete surfaces with a 17 m² 270 solution of bitumen in gasoline 2 times 18 Pipe joints: Rubber rings m/kg 62,9/3,9 Cement mortar m³ 1,01 ЦРM-100 19 Dismantling of in-situ concrete m³ 5785,64 20 Dismantling of precast concrete m³ 11,4 21 Construction seams nr./m 957/6823 22 Temperature shrinkage joints nr./m 480/3423 23 Cleaning the canal from vegetation (moss) m² 20825,539 24 Cleaning the canal from sediments m³ 682
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Calculation of pollutant emissions during construction works Table A.2.2. Excavation and loading Methodological guide for calculating emissions from fugitive Calculation method used sources in the construction materials industry. Soyuzstromecology, 1989 Basic formula: Q = PlxP2xP3xP4xP5xP6xGxBl,m Р1 - dust fraction in the rock 0,12 Р2 - fraction of dust converted to aerosol 0,02 Р3 - coefficient taking into account the wind speed in the area of 1,2 operation of the equipment Р4 - coefficient taking into account the moisture content of the material 0,8 Р5 - coefficient taking into account the size of the material 0,6 P6 - factor based on local conditions 1 G - amount of rock processed by excavator, t 170 В1 - coefficient taking into account the height of the filling 0,5 Hydrosuppression, % 70 Emissions, g/s 32,64 Emissions, t/year 39,65
Table A.2.3. Dust emission during soil transportation Calculation method Methodological guide for calculating emissions from fugitive sources used in the construction materials industry. Soyuzstromecology, 1989 Basic formula: Q = С1 х С2 х С3 х С6 х С7 х Nx L х q, х 10^-6,т C1 - coefficient taking into account the average carrying capacity of vehicles 1,3 С2 - coefficient taking into account the average speed of movement of 2 vehicles С3 - coefficient taking into account the condition of roads 1 C6 - coefficient taking into account the moisture content of the surface layer 0,7 of the material С7 - coefficient taking into account the share of dust carried into the 0,01 atmosphere N - the number of moves (there and back) total transport during the 28,33 construction period L - average length of one move, km 7,65 q, - dust release into the atmosphere per 1 km run, g 1450 Hydro-dust suppression,% 70 Emissions, g/sec 0,0014 Emissions, t/year 0,0017
Table A.2.4. Calculation of emissions of pollutants into the atmosphere from a batching plant Collection of methods for calculating pollutants Calculation method used emission into the atmosphere by various industries. L., Gidrometeoizdat, 1986. Name Dust containing SiO2 20-70% Basic formula: M = q x T x 3600 x 10-6,t/year q - specific emission of pollutants, g/s 1,0 Т - working time per year, hour 1976 Total, t/year 7,11 Total, g/sec 8,00
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Table A.2.5. Calculation of pollutants emission into the atmosphere from cement silo
Calculation method used Calculation method used
Name Name Basic formula: M = q x T x 3600 x 10-6,t/year Specific dust emission, g/s 2,6 Injection time, hour/year 494,0 Dust emission into atmosphere, t/year 4,62 Dust emission into atmosphere, g/sec 62,4
Table A.2.6. Waterproofing of artificial structures Used Temporary methodology for determining emissions of harmful substances in atmosphere by industry enterprises. VM-17-83. 1984 Name of the material used Bituminous mastic Material consumption, t 0,54 Staining method Brush Specific Contaminants Emissions, t emission White spirit 0,26 0,0014 Xylene 0,35 0,0019 Total 0,0033
Combustion of fuels and lubricants in internal combustion engines of vehicles and construction equipment When conducting construction work, road construction machines and mechanisms with diesel internal combustion engines are used, being the sources of pollutant emissions into the atmosphere. When fuel is burned in internal combustion engines operating on diesel fuel, carbon monoxide, sulfur and nitrogen dioxides, hydrocarbons, and soot are emitted into the surface layer of the atmosphere. Table A.2.7. Emissions of pollutants into the atmosphere during combustion of fuels and lubricants Calculation of pollutants emission from vehicles shall be in accordance with Methodological Guide for calculation of emissions from fugitive sources in construction materials industry. Soyuzstromecology, Novorossiysk, 1989 Diesel fuel consumption per year, t 42,84 Diesel Name g/s tons 1. Carbon monoxide 0.3203 2.0135 2. Hydrocarbons 0.1295 0.8140 3.Nitrogen dioxide 0.2249 1.4137 4 Soot 0.0627 0.3941 5 Sulfur dioxide 0.0136 0.0857 6 Benzopyrene 0.00000068 0.0000043 Total - 4.7210
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Table A.2.8. List of pollutants emitted into the atmosphere
Name of the substances Emissions Emission Name of emissions source emitted into the in in g/s No. atmosphere tons/year 1 excavation and loading Dust containing SiO2 20- 32,64 31,43 70% 2 Dust emission during Dust containing SiO2 20- 0,0014 0,0017 transportaion 70% 3 batching plant Dust containing SiO2 20- 8,00 7,1136 70% 4 cement silo Dust containing SiO2 20- 62,40 4,6238 70% 5 waterproofing with bitumen White spirit 0,0029 0,0014 Xylene 0,0039 0,0019 Total 103,05 43,17 * Bulk (short-term) emissions of pollutants to which emissions from combustion of fuels and lubricants are attributed are characterized as insignificant and not taken into account when calculating COP. Calculation of pollution discharge Drinking water is delivered by a tanker truck from the water supply network of nearby villages. Water consumption for household needs is determined by the formula: Qх/b = q * N * n, m3/year, where q is the rate of water consumption and water discharge in m3/day for 1 consumer N- number of consumers n- the number of days of work per year, 270 days. The number of staff is 20 people. Table A.2.9. Calculation of water consumption and pollution discharge Calculation method used SNiP 2.04.01-85 Basic Basic formula Basic formula: : formula: Basic formula: Q=q×N×n, Unit Q=q×N Unit Q=q×N Unit Q=q×N× Unit m3/year ×n, ×n, n, m3/year m3/yea m3/year r Domestic drinking needs of management man 10 12,0 270 32,40 32,40 personnel/engineering- technical workers Domestic drinking needs of man 10 25,0 270 67,50 67,50 workers Water for showers cloth 3 30,0 270 24,30 24,30 Consumption for the needs course 20 16,0 270 86,40 86,40 of the dining room Hydrosuppression l 1,0 270 48,600 24,77 Road width m 12 Road length m 15,000 Road area m2 180,000 Total 48,810.6 210,60 24,77
Domestic effluent is 210.6 m³/year which makes 0.78 m³/day.
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Calculation of Domestic Solid Waste generation The total estimated construction time is 270 working days. In the course of construction, solid household waste is generated from the life of the workers and personnel of the AUP/engineering and technical personnel. There is no production and toxic waste. The amount of waste is taken on the basis of the formula (Collection of specific indicators of production and consumption waste generation. Moscow, 1999): M = q х n, t/year where q is the specific rate of household waste generation, adopted per person per year, equal to 1.2 m³/person/year or 0.0033 m³/person/day. As a result of production activities, waste is generated below hazard class 4. Disposal of municipal solid waste will be carried out to an authorized landfill according to an agreement with local utilities. Table A.2.10. Calculation of Domestic Solid Waste generation, t/year Collection of specific indicators of production and Calculation method used consumption waste generation. Moscow, 1999 Basic formula: M = q × n, t/year Unit Value management personnel /engineering- 10 technical workers man workers man 10 d - waste density t/m3 0,2 q - norm for 1 person m3/year 1,2 MSW volume m3/year 24,0 MSW volume t/year 4,80
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Appendix 3. Public Participation Meeting Participant List and Minutes of Meetings
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Translation of: Minutes of public discussions/hearings on the Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) " Climate Change and Disaster Resilient Water Resources Project Kojo-Kaiyr Canal Sub-Project" Date and Time: November 12, 2020, 10-00 hours Venue: meeting room of Masaliyevsky a/o Kadamzhai district Batken oblast The public hearings organized to discuss the Environmental and Social Assessment of the Project and the Environmental and Social Management Plan were attended by (list of participants attached): From Consultant: Shaban Chimen, International Environmental Expert Morozova Y., Office Manager Orozaly uulu J., National Environmental Consultant Kydyralieva N., National Consultant for Social Issues Masalbekov R. PIU Zhunusbaev K. PIU Local executive power Community and residents of the area Materials: booklets in Kyrgyz and Russian languages, Information presentations on EIA and RAP The hearing was opened by Shaban Chimen, an international expert on environmental protection, who briefly told the background of the start of the project. Next speakers From the Employer spoke about the project and the current status of the project - R. Masalbekov, PIU specialist Further, Orozaly uulu J., environmental protection specialist, made a presentation on the EIA and the Environmental Management Plan (EMP). The speech briefly covered the following issues: Requirements of the environmental legislation of the Kyrgyz Republic, on environmental assessment of projects; Requirements of ADB's Operational Policy on Environmental Assessment, Content of the EIA; Components of the environment that may be affected by the project; Environmental impact from alternatives; Environmental Management Plan and Mitigation Measures Proposed in the EMP. Questions and Answers Question: Kaldybaev. Alysh village has a spillway, it is in poor condition, if there is any emergency, there will be consequences. Is it possible to include the repair of the spillway in the project? Question: Aydarov. There are 1200 meters of on-farm canals in Markaz AO, which wash out the road, and these canals need cleaning. Answer: Rakhman Masalbekov: PIU specialist, on-farm canals should be cleaned by WUA Question: Zhumabekov. In Alysh, the canals are not completely cleaned - this can lead to an emergency. Answer: Masalbekov R. Now the project is still in the development process. Give us suggestions through WUA, Region Water Management Department. Answer: Head of Region Water Management Department. Alysh canal has not been cleaned for a long time, since there are trees/bushes that interfere with the passage of vehicles, it is necessary to cut them. I propose to solve this at the local level. Question: Umaralieva. Kapyr A/O; now new plots are being distributed, there is not enough water. Will there be canals to us? Answer: Head of Region Water Management Department. No, only existing off-farm canals will be rehabilitated. Ismat canal 600 meters only belongs to Region Water Management Department, the rest is on-farm canals, belongs to WUA. Question: Masaliev ayil okmotu. How much money is spent on renovations each year?
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Answer: Region Water Management Department repairs only inter-farm canals, on-farm canals should be repaired by WUAs themselves. Question: Bakirov Nurlan, head of Alysh village. We are conducting explanatory work. Our villagers, who work in Moscow, want to help with diesel fuel and wells. Question: Mamazhusupov. There is not enough water in the lower part of the canal to Markaz AO during the irrigation season, how many m3 of water is currently supplied to the canal? Answer: Head of Region Water Management Department. Designed capacity 9m3 since 1965, now 7m3, as there are losses due to poor technical condition and it is necessary to rotate crops, and the irrigation schedule should be properly organized. After the renovation, the situation should improve. Kydyralieva N.N. Social and Resettlement Consultant MMTS explained to the participants the Regulations on ADB Safeguards Policy (2009) regarding involuntary resettlement. Question. Abzhaparov: Is it possible to take into account the safety of people and livestock in the project and provide for fences? Answer. Kydyralieva N: Recommendations will be given to the designer so that safety issues are taken into account in especially dangerous areas. It is unlikely that a fence will be installed along the entire length of the canal, because this will be expensive. Remark: Participants Umaralieva, Kaldybaev, Aidarov: We support the project, as it is very important for us and will have a positive effect on the development of agriculture and ensure safety in case of natural disasters. Completion of public hearings Orozaly uulu J. environmental protection specialist, thanked the participants for their active work and participation, and also summarized the minutes of the meeting with a list of questions, comments and suggestions on the EIA documentation received during the meeting, indicating their authors and answers to them and the total number of participants in the meeting. Following the results of the hearings, IT WAS DECIDED To form an agreed proposal from the initiator of the project, the contractor and the local community - on the possibility and feasibility of implementing the planned activities in the proposed territory based on the environmental and associated socio-economic and other consequences of its implementation.
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Протокол общественных обсуждений/слушаний по проекту Оценка воздействия на окружающую среду (ОВОС) “Повышение устойчивости водных ресурсов к изменению климата и стихийным бедствиям – подпроект по каналу Кожо-Кайыр”
Дата и Время: 12 ноября 2020 года, 10-00 часов Место: зал заседаний Масалиевского а/о Кадамжайского района Баткенской области
В общественных слушаниях, организованных для обсуждения, Экологической и Социальной оценки проекта и Плана управления окружающей и социальной средой приняли участие (список участников прилагается): От Консультанта: Шабан Чимен, международный эксперт по ООС Морозова Ю., Офис менеджер Орозалы уулу Ж., национальный консультант по ООС Кыдыралиева Н., национальный консультант по социальным вопросам Масалбеков Р. ОРП Жунусбаев К. ОРП. Местная исполнительная власть Общественность и жители района
Материалы: Информационные буклеты на кыргызском и русском языках, Информационные презентации по ОВОС и ПДП
Слушания открыл Шабан Чимен, международный эксперт по ООС, который кратко рассказал предысторию начала реализации проекта.
Далее ВЫСТУПИЛИ От Заказчика рассказал о проекте и о текущем статусе реализации проекта – Р. Масалбеков.
Далее Орозалы уулу Ж. специалист по охране окружающей среды, выступил с презентацией ОВОС и Плана Управления окружающей средой (ПУОС). В выступлении кратко были освещены вопросы: Требования природоохранного законодательства Кыргызской Республики, по экологической оценке, проектов;
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Требования Операционной политики АБР, по экологической оценке, Содержание ОВОС; Компоненты окружающей среды, которые могут быть подвержены воздействию в ходе реализации проекта; Воздействие на окружающую среду от альтернативных вариантов; План управления окружающей средой и меры смягчения, которые предложены в ПУОС. 345. 346. Вопросы 347. Представитель местного айыл окмоту – депутат Калдыбаев. Поддерживаем проект. Алыш айылда, есть водосброс, он в плохом состоянии, если будет какое-то ЧС, то последствия будут. Водосброс можно ли включить в проект?
Марказ айыл окмоту - Айдаров. Есть 1200 метров внутрихозяйственных каналов, которые размывают дорогу.
Жер адистер – Рахман Масалбеков. Жер, адис, Водный кодекс – чтобы АВП, РЦВХ. Айыл окмоту выделили своим внутрихозяйственным каналам денежные средства.
Жумабеков. Работал в РУВХ. В Алыше не до конца чистят каналы. Если в Алыш, Кара-Жыгач будет ЧС, то не хватит воды.
РУВХ Масалбеков Р. Сейчас еще проект не разработан. Кто дает предложения РУВХ, АВП дайте нам предложения.
Начальник РУВХ Акыл. Канал Алыш действительно долгое время не чистился, так как там есть поселки, которые мешают проехать технике, надо делать обрубку. Поддержим проект. Абжапаров. Обеспечить безопасность людей и скота. Если позволит бюджет ограждение.
Умаралиева. Капыр а/о; сейчас раздают новые участки, не хватает воды, так как мы после Исмат-Камака нужно 8 тысяч км забетонировать.
Начальник РУВХ Акыл. Исмат канал 600 метров только относится к РУВХ, остальное это внутрихозяйственные каналы, относятся к АВП.
Масалиев айыл окмоту. Сколько каждый год расходуется средств на ремонтные работы?
Акыл. Каждый год выделяется
Бакиров Нурлан, Глава айыл окмоту Алыш. Мы ведем разъяснительную работу. Наши сельчане, которые работают в Москве, хотят помочь с соляркой, скважины.
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Мамажусупов. Вопрос. Марказ А/О с канала Кожо-Кайыр 15-18 м3/с. Должно решится до ремонтных работ. Есть 1000 га, есть 7-8 га. Должны возвратить для реконструкции.
Рахман. Ответ. Необходимо проводить работы только получив информацию. Это все будет решатся с РУВХ. Акыл. 9м3 с 1965 г., сейчас 7м3. Предложение принято и рекомендуем привести к 7м3.
Мамажунусов. Вопрос. По тех аспекту должны решить местное население и органы.
Кадыралиева Н.Н. специалист по социальным вопросам выступила с презентацией, по социальной оценке, проекта на население. В презентации были освещены вопросы возможного социального воздействия в ходе строительства и эксплуатации и были даны рекомендации для принятия мер по их смягчению.
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Appendix 4. Environmental Screening Forms Filled by PIU Safeguard Specialist
Translation of Screening Checklist for Candidate Subprojects SCREENING CHECKLIST FOR CANDIDATE SUBPROJECTS
Water User Association in Kara-Dobo Subproject name:
Hm- 10+00 to Hm- 126+20 Subproject location:
Screening Questions Yes No Remarks A. Subproject Siting Is the Subproject area adjacent to or within any of the following ✓ environmentally sensitive areas? (attach additional sheets if needed for remarks) Protected Area ✓ Wetland ✓ Mangrove ✓ Estuarine x Not applicable in Kyrgyzstan Buffer zone of protected area ✓ Special area for protecting biodiversity ✓ B. Potential Environmental Impacts Will the subproject cause… loss of precious ecological values (e.g. result of encroachment into forests/swamplands or ✓ historical/cultural buildings/areas, disruption of hydrology of natural waterways, regional flooding, and drainage hazards)? conflicts in water supply rights and related social conflicts? ✓ impediments to movements of people and animals? ✓ potential ecological problems due to increased soil erosion and siltation, leading to decreased stream capacity? ✓ Insufficient drainage leading to salinity intrusion? ✓ over pumping of groundwater, leading to salinization and ground subsidence? ✓ impairment of downstream water quality and therefore, impairment of downstream beneficial uses of water? ✓ dislocation or involuntary resettlement of people? ✓ disproportionate impacts on the poor, women and children, Indigenous Peoples or other vulnerable groups? ✓ potential social conflicts arising from land tenure and land use issues? ✓ soil erosion before compaction and lining of canals? ✓ noise from construction equipment? ✓ dust during construction? ✓ waterlogging and soil salinization due to inadequate drainage and farm management? ✓
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leaching of soil nutrients and changes in soil characteristics due to excessive application of irrigation water? ✓ reduction of downstream water supply during peak seasons? ✓
soil pollution, polluted farm runoff and groundwater, and public health risks due to excessive application of fertilizers and pesticides? soil erosion (furrow, surface)? scouring of canals? clogging of canals by sediments? clogging of canals by weeds? seawater intrusion into downstream freshwater systems? ✓ introduction of increase in incidence of waterborne or water related diseases? ✓ dangers to a safe and healthy working environment due to physical, chemical and biological hazards during project construction and operation? ✓ large population influx during project construction and operation that causes increased burden on social infrastructure and services (such as water supply ✓ and sanitation systems)? social conflicts if workers from other regions or countries are hired? ✓ risks to community health and safety due to the transport, storage, and use and/or disposal of materials such as explosives, fuel and other chemicals ✓ during construction and operation? community safety risks due to both accidental and natural hazards, especially where the structural elements or components of the project (e.g., irrigation dams) are accessible to members of the affected community or ✓ where their failure could result in injury to the community throughout project construction, operation and decommissioning?
Director of Water User Association in Kara-Dobo Rayon Directorate for Water Resources Project Implementation Arrangement Specialist
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SCREENING CHECKLIST FOR CANDIDATE SUBPROJECTS
Canal Kojo Kayyr Subproject name:
Maidan Village Subproject location:
Screening Questions Yes No Remarks A. Subproject Siting Is the Subproject area adjacent to or within any of the following ✓ environmentally sensitive areas? (attach additional sheets if needed for remarks) Protected Area ✓ Wetland ✓ Mangrove ✓ Estuarine x Not applicable in Kyrgyzstan Buffer zone of protected area ✓ Special area for protecting biodiversity ✓ B. Potential Environmental Impacts Will the subproject cause… loss of precious ecological values (e.g. result of encroachment into forests/swamplands or ✓ historical/cultural buildings/areas, disruption of hydrology of natural waterways, regional flooding, and drainage hazards)? conflicts in water supply rights and related social conflicts? ✓ impediments to movements of people and animals? ✓ potential ecological problems due to increased soil erosion and siltation, leading to decreased stream capacity? ✓ Insufficient drainage leading to salinity intrusion? ✓ over pumping of groundwater, leading to salinization and ground subsidence? ✓ impairment of downstream water quality and therefore, impairment of downstream beneficial uses of water? ✓ dislocation or involuntary resettlement of people? ✓ disproportionate impacts on the poor, women and children, Indigenous Peoples or other vulnerable groups? ✓ potential social conflicts arising from land tenure and land use issues? ✓ soil erosion before compaction and lining of canals? ✓ noise from construction equipment? ✓ dust during construction? ✓ waterlogging and soil salinization due to inadequate drainage and farm management? ✓ leaching of soil nutrients and changes in soil characteristics due to excessive application of irrigation water? ✓ reduction of downstream water supply during peak seasons? ✓ soil pollution, polluted farm runoff and groundwater, and public health risks due to excessive application of fertilizers and pesticides? ✓
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soil erosion (furrow, surface)? ✓ scouring of canals? clogging of canals by sediments? ✓ clogging of canals by weeds? seawater intrusion into downstream freshwater systems? ✓ introduction of increase in incidence of waterborne or water related diseases? ✓ dangers to a safe and healthy working environment due to physical, chemical and biological hazards during project construction and operation? ✓ large population influx during project construction and operation that causes increased burden on social infrastructure and services (such as ✓ water supply and sanitation systems)? social conflicts if workers from other regions or countries are hired? ✓ risks to community health and safety due to the transport, storage, and use and/or disposal of materials such as explosives, fuel and other chemicals ✓ during construction and operation? community safety risks due to both accidental and natural hazards, especially where the structural elements or components of the project ✓ (e.g., irrigation dams) are accessible to members of the affected community or where their failure could result in injury to the community throughout project construction, operation and decommissioning?
Director of Water User Associations
Rayon Directorate for Water Resources
Project Implementation Arrangement Specialist
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SCREENING CHECKLIST FOR CANDIDATE SUBPROJECTS
Kojo Kayyr Markoz a/o Subproject name:
Hm- 212+20 to Hm- 246+50 Subproject location:
Screening Questions Yes No Remarks A. Subproject Siting Is the Subproject area adjacent to or within any of the following ✓ environmentally sensitive areas? (attach additional sheets if needed for remarks) Protected Area ✓ Wetland ✓ Mangrove ✓ Estuarine x Not applicable in Kyrgyzstan Buffer zone of protected area ✓ Special area for protecting biodiversity ✓ B. Potential Environmental Impacts Will the subproject cause… loss of precious ecological values (e.g. result of encroachment into forests/swamplands or ✓ historical/cultural buildings/areas, disruption of hydrology of natural waterways, regional flooding, and drainage hazards)? conflicts in water supply rights and related social conflicts? ✓ impediments to movements of people and animals? ✓ potential ecological problems due to increased soil erosion and siltation, leading to decreased stream capacity? ✓ Insufficient drainage leading to salinity intrusion? ✓ over pumping of groundwater, leading to salinization and ground subsidence? ✓ impairment of downstream water quality and therefore, impairment of downstream beneficial uses of water? ✓ dislocation or involuntary resettlement of people? ✓ disproportionate impacts on the poor, women and children, Indigenous Peoples or other vulnerable groups? ✓ potential social conflicts arising from land tenure and land use issues? ✓ soil erosion before compaction and lining of canals? ✓ noise from construction equipment? ✓ dust during construction? waterlogging and soil salinization due to inadequate drainage and farm management? ✓ leaching of soil nutrients and changes in soil characteristics due to excessive application of irrigation water? ✓ reduction of downstream water supply during peak seasons? ✓ soil pollution, polluted farm runoff and groundwater, and public health risks due to excessive application of fertilizers and pesticides? ✓
January 2021 A.IV-5
soil erosion (furrow, surface)? ✓ scouring of canals? clogging of canals by sediments? clogging of canals by weeds? seawater intrusion into downstream freshwater systems? ✓ introduction of increase in incidence of waterborne or water related diseases? ✓ dangers to a safe and healthy working environment due to physical, chemical and biological hazards during project construction and operation? ✓ large population influx during project construction and operation that causes increased burden on social infrastructure and services (such as water supply ✓ and sanitation systems)? social conflicts if workers from other regions or countries are hired? ✓ risks to community health and safety due to the transport, storage, and use and/or disposal of materials such as explosives, fuel and other chemicals ✓ during construction and operation? community safety risks due to both accidental and natural hazards, especially where the structural elements or components of the project (e.g., ✓ irrigation dams) are accessible to members of the affected community or where their failure could result in injury to the community throughout project construction, operation and decommissioning?
Kojo- Kayyr Rayon Unit of WUA support Director 0770190967
Rayon Directorate for Water Resources 0770020238
Markoz a/o Chef : 0779492928 Project Implementation Arrangement Specialist
January 2021 A.IV-6
INVOLUNTARY RESETTLEMENT IMPACT SCREENING CHECKLIST (as agreed With ADB)
Project Title: “Kojo Kaiyr” Component of Project: Protected and Modernized Irrigation Infrastructure Name of Subproject/Object: Location (HM mark, outline/site): Markoz Village Hm- 212+20 Hm- 246+50 Date of screening
The involuntary resettlement safeguards, regardless of legal status in this context, covers physical displacement (relocation, loss of residential land, or loss of shelter) and economic displacement (loss of land, assets, access to assets, income sources, or means of livelihoods) as a result of (i) involuntary acquisition of land, or (ii) involuntary restrictions on land use or on access to legally designated parks and protected areas. It covers them whether such losses and involuntary restrictions are full or partial, permanent or temporary.
Possible Involuntary Resettlement Effects Yes No Not known Remarks Involuntary Acquisition of Land 1. Will there be any land acquisition? ✓ 2. Are the locations for land acquisition known? ✓ 3. Is the ownership status and current usage of land to be ✓ acquired known? 4. Will there be loss of shelter and residential land due to ✓ land acquisition? 5. Will there be loss of agricultural and other productive ✓ assets due to land acquisition? 6. Will there be losses of crops, trees, and fixed assets due ✓ to land acquisition? 7. Will there be loss of businesses or enterprises due to ✓ land acquisition? 8. Will there be loss of income sources and means of ✓ livelihoods due to land acquisition? 9. Will there be physical relocation of DPs? ✓ [✓ ] No [ ] Yes If yes, approximately how many (DHs/DPs)? Involuntary restrictions on land use or on access to legally designated parks and protected areas 10. Will people lose access to natural resources, communal ✓ facilities and services? 11. If land use is changed, will it have an adverse impact on ✓ social and economic activities? 12. Will access to land and resources owned by ✓ communally or by the state be restricted? Quantification of land to be acquired Preliminary estimated size of land that will be required by the Project?
[✓ ] No [ ] Yes If yes, approximately how much? ______hectares
January 2021 A.IV-7
Information on Displaced Persons: Estimated number of households/persons that will be displaced by the Project?
[ ✓] No [ ] Yes If yes, approximately how many?
Are any of them poor, female-heads of households, or vulnerable to poverty risks?
[ ✓] No [ ] Yes If yes, approximately how many?
Are any displaced persons from indigenous or ethnic minority groups?
[ ✓] No [ ] Yes If yes, how many? ______
Social Safeguards Consultant (signature) Full name Specialist of the Consultant (Temelsu) on protective measures (signature) Full name The head or representative of the district office of the Executing Agency (who is involved) in the screening; (signature) Full name Representative of a local government body / JSC (signature) Full name Specialist of the Consultant (Temelsu) on protective measures ______signature, full name The head or representative of the district office of the Executing Agency (who is involved) in the screening; Representative of a local government body / JSC signature, full name You can add all screening participants and sign (at your discretion) Photos of project areas: Photos of project areas that could potentially be affected (indicate location / name of the object)
January 2021 A.IV-8
INVOLUNTARY RESETTLEMENT IMPACT SCREENING CHECKLIST (as agreed With ADB)
Project Title: “Kojo Kaiyr” Component of Project: Protected and Modernized Irrigation Infrastructure Name of Subproject/Object: Location (HM mark, outline/site): Hm- 10+00 to Hm- 126+20 Date of screening:
The involuntary resettlement safeguards, regardless of legal status in this context, covers physical displacement (relocation, loss of residential land, or loss of shelter) and economic displacement (loss of land, assets, access to assets, income sources, or means of livelihoods) as a result of (i) involuntary acquisition of land, or (ii) involuntary restrictions on land use or on access to legally designated parks and protected areas. It covers them whether such losses and involuntary restrictions are full or partial, permanent or temporary.
Possible Involuntary Resettlement Effects Yes No Not known Remarks Involuntary Acquisition of Land 1. Will there be any land acquisition? ✓ 2. Are the locations for land acquisition known? ✓ 3. Is the ownership status and current usage of land to be acquired known? 4. Will there be loss of shelter and residential land due to ✓ land acquisition? 5. Will there be loss of agricultural and other productive ✓ assets due to land acquisition? 6. Will there be losses of crops, trees, and fixed assets due ✓ to land acquisition? 7. Will there be loss of businesses or enterprises due to ✓ land acquisition? 8. Will there be loss of income sources and means of ✓ livelihoods due to land acquisition? 9. Will there be physical relocation of DPs? ✓ [ ] No [ ] Yes If yes, approximately how many (DHs/DPs)? Involuntary restrictions on land use or on access to legally designated parks and protected areas 10. Will people lose access to natural resources, communal ✓ facilities and services? 11. If land use is changed, will it have an adverse impact on ✓ social and economic activities? 12. Will access to land and resources owned by ✓ communally or by the state be restricted? Quantification of land to be acquired Preliminary estimated size of land that will be required by the Project?
[✓ ] No [ ] Yes If yes, approximately how much? ______hectares
January 2021 A.IV-9
Information on Displaced Persons: Estimated number of households/persons that will be displaced by the Project?
[✓ ] No [ ] Yes If yes, approximately how many?
Are any of them poor, female-heads of households, or vulnerable to poverty risks?
[✓ ] No [ ] Yes If yes, approximately how many?
Are any displaced persons from indigenous or ethnic minority groups?
[ ✓] No [ ] Yes If yes, how many? ______
Social Safeguards Consultant (signature) Full name Specialist of the Consultant (Temelsu) on protective measures (signature) Full name The head or representative of the district office of the Executing Agency (who is involved) in the screening; (signature) Full name Representative of a local government body / JSC (signature) Full name Specialist of the Consultant (Temelsu) on protective measures ______signature, full name The head or representative of the district office of the Executing Agency (who is involved) in the screening; Representative of a local government body / JSC signature, full name You can add all screening participants and sign (at your discretion) Photos of project areas: Photos of project areas that could potentially be affected (indicate location / name of the object)
January 2021 A.IV-10
INVOLUNTARY RESETTLEMENT IMPACT SCREENING CHECKLIST (as agreed With ADB)
Project Title: “Kojo Kaiyr” Component of Project: Protected and Modernized Irrigation Infrastructure Name of Subproject/Object: Location (HM mark, outline/site): Maidan Village Hm- 126+20 to Hm- 212+20 Date of screening:
The involuntary resettlement safeguards, regardless of legal status in this context, covers physical displacement (relocation, loss of residential land, or loss of shelter) and economic displacement (loss of land, assets, access to assets, income sources, or means of livelihoods) as a result of (i) involuntary acquisition of land, or (ii) involuntary restrictions on land use or on access to legally designated parks and protected areas. It covers them whether such losses and involuntary restrictions are full or partial, permanent or temporary.
Possible Involuntary Resettlement Effects Yes No Not known Remarks Involuntary Acquisition of Land 1. Will there be any land acquisition? ✓ 2. Are the locations for land acquisition known? ✓ 3. Is the ownership status and current usage of land to be ✓ acquired known? 4. Will there be loss of shelter and residential land due to ✓ land acquisition? 5. Will there be loss of agricultural and other productive ✓ assets due to land acquisition? 6. Will there be losses of crops, trees, and fixed assets due ✓ to land acquisition? 7. Will there be loss of businesses or enterprises due to ✓ land acquisition? 8. Will there be loss of income sources and means of ✓ livelihoods due to land acquisition? 9. Will there be physical relocation of DPs? ✓ [ ] No [ ] Yes If yes, approximately how many (DHs/DPs)? Involuntary restrictions on land use or on access to legally designated parks and protected areas 10. Will people lose access to natural resources, communal ✓ facilities and services? 11. If land use is changed, will it have an adverse impact on ✓ social and economic activities? 12. Will access to land and resources owned by ✓ communally or by the state be restricted? Quantification of land to be acquired Preliminary estimated size of land that will be required by the Project?
[✓ ] No [ ] Yes If yes, approximately how much? ______hectares
January 2021 A.IV-11
Information on Displaced Persons: Estimated number of households/persons that will be displaced by the Project?
[✓ ] No [ ] Yes If yes, approximately how many?
Are any of them poor, female-heads of households, or vulnerable to poverty risks?
[ ✓] No [ ] Yes If yes, approximately how many?
Are any displaced persons from indigenous or ethnic minority groups?
[ ✓] No [ ] Yes If yes, how many? ______
Social Safeguards Consultant (signature) Full name Specialist of the Consultant (Temelsu) on protective measures (signature) Full name The head or representative of the district office of the Executing Agency (who is involved) in the screening; (signature) Full name Representative of a local government body / JSC (signature) Full name Specialist of the Consultant (Temelsu) on protective measures ______signature, full name The head or representative of the district office of the Executing Agency (who is involved) in the screening; Representative of a local government body / JSC signature, full name You can add all screening participants and sign (at your discretion) Photos of project areas: Photos of project areas that could potentially be affected (indicate location / name of the object)
January 2021 A.IV-12
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Appendix 5. IBAT Freshwater Report Kojo-Kaiyr
Integrated Biodiversity Assessment Tool FRESHWATER REPORT KOJO-KAIYR Country: Kyrgyzstan
Location: [ 40.2, 72 ]
Date of analysis: 02 February 2021 (GMT)
Upstream: 50 km | 100 km | 150 km
Downstream: -50 km | -100 km | -150 km
Generated by: Sultan Bakirov
Organisation: ADB
Kojo-Kaiyr | Page 1 of 274
About this report This report presents the results of [1399-13793] freshwater analysis and is one part of a package generated by IBAT that includes a full list of species in CSV format and a README le.
IBAT allows users to query data on freshwater species from The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species™. The IUCN Red List spatial data for freshwater species have recently been transferred to a new global sub- basin system (HydroBASINS) which has additional attributes that allow for upstream and downstream sub-basins to be identi ed. This has allowed for the development of additional functionality by which IBAT users can also identify which species are in speci c upstream or downstream sub-basins from a sites of interest. This re ects the unique nature of freshwater systems, which have high degrees of connectivity meaning pressures can be transported large distances. Using the HydroBASINS attributes and updated species distributions mapped to sub-basins allows for enhanced understanding and leverages additional IUCN Red List data.
Speci cally, this report will help answer:
What species are native to a speci c project site and the sub-basins hydrologically connected (upstream and downstream) to the project site? What are the IUCN Red List Categories of these species? What are the movement patterns (migratory status) of these species?
This new functionality will allow IBAT users to query species data not only in the sub- basins that directly overlay a project site but also in the sub-basins linked upstream and downstream, re ecting the high levels of connectivity and spread of pressures within freshwater systems.
Data used to generate this report: IUCN Red List - Jan 2021.
Please note the data caveats.
IUCN, together with the IUCN Species Survival Commission (SSC), are working to complete a comprehensive assessment of all described species of freshwater shes, molluscs, odonates, decapods, turtles and crocodilians, as well as selected freshwater plants, for the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. This assessment is not yet complete and as a result comprehensive freshwater biodiversity data are currently not available for some regions of the world. Comprehensive assessments have been completed for the freshwater crabs, cray shes, shrimps and crocodilians. However, only those species with HydroBASINS spatial data will be considered in the report, meaning for example some assessed crocodilians without HydroBASINS will not be considered.
Kojo-Kaiyr | Page 2 of 274
Additionally, it is not required to code the movement patterns (migratory status) of a species in a Red List assessment and so this information will be missing for some species. However, all freshwater shes that are migratory should be coded as such. Summary Downstream Threatened species (CR+EN+VU) information
Species in downstream Taxonomic Site Species in Species in Species in Total downstream downstream downstream beyond - group subbasin -50 km -100 km -150 km 150 Species km
FISHES 2 0 2 0 1 5
ODONATES 0 0 0 0 0 0
MOLLUSCS 0 0 0 0 0 0
PLANTS 0 0 0 0 0 0
DECAPODS 0 0 0 0 0 0
All 2 0 2 0 1 5
Upstream Threatened species (CR+EN+VU) information Species Species Species Species in Taxonomic Site in in in Total upstream group subbasin upstream upstream upstream Species beyond 50 km 100 km 150 km 150 km
FISHES 2 0 0 0 0 2
ODONATES 0 0 0 0 0 0
MOLLUSCS 0 0 0 0 0 0
PLANTS 0 0 0 0 0 0
Kojo-Kaiyr | Page 3 of 274
All 2 0 0 0 0 2
Downstream Migratory species information
Species in downstream Taxonomic Site Species in Species in Species in Total downstream downstream downstream beyond - group subbasin -50 km -100 km -150 km 150 Species km
FISHES 4 0 4 0 5 13
ODONATES 0 0 0 1 0 1
MOLLUSCS 0 0 0 0 0 0
PLANTS 0 0 0 0 0 0
DECAPODS 0 0 0 0 0 0
All 4 0 4 1 5 14
Upstream Migratory species information
Species Species Species Species in Taxonomic Site in in in Total upstream group subbasin upstream upstream upstream Species beyond 50 km 100 km 150 km 150 km
FISHES 4 0 0 0 0 4
ODONATES 0 0 0 0 0 0
MOLLUSCS 0 0 0 0 0 0
PLANTS 0 0 0 0 0 0
All 4 0 0 0 0 4
Site sub-basin
Kojo-Kaiyr | Page 4 of 274
Sub-basin information
Category (distance from site km) No. of sub basins in category Area of category km²
0 1 364.6
Species Richness Information Number of freshwater species present in selected sub-basins in total, grouped by taxonomy and by Red List Category.
Taxonomic All Critically Near Endangered Vulnerable group species Endangered Threatened
FISHES 6 0 0 2 0
ODONATES 5 0 0 0 0
Kojo-Kaiyr | Page 5 of 274
MOLLUSCS 1 0 0 0 0
PLANTS 3 0 0 0 0
All 15 0 0 2 0
Threatened species (CR+EN+VU) Details of threatened freshwater species present in selected sub-basins. For the full IUCN Red List please refer to the associated csv in the report folder.
Common Taxonomic IUCN Population Species Name Biome Name Group Category Trend
Wild Cyprinus carpio Common FISHES VU Unknown Freshwater Carp
Luciobarbus Aral Barbel FISHES VU Decreasing Freshwater brachycephalus
Migratory Species Details of migratory freshwater species present in selected sub-basins. For the full IUCN Red List please refer to the associated csv in the report folder.
Taxonomic IUCN Movement Species Name Common Name Group Category Pattern
Mesopotamian Leuciscus aspius FISHES LC or LR/lc Full Migrant Asp
Wild Common Cyprinus carpio FISHES VU Full Migrant Carp
Sander lucioperca Pike-perch FISHES LC or LR/lc Full Migrant
Luciobarbus Aral Barbel FISHES VU Full Migrant brachycephalus
Kojo-Kaiyr | Page 6 of 274 Note: there are no sub-basins in this range. This could be either because the previous category includes the most Upstream 0.01 to 50 upstream sub-basins in the catchment, or because the speci ed distance does not extend beyond the sub-basins in the previous category.
Kojo-Kaiyr | Page 7 of 274 Note: there are no sub-basins in this range. This could be either because the previous category includes the most Upstream 50.01 to 100 upstream sub-basins in the catchment, or because the speci ed distance does not extend beyond the sub-basins in the previous category.
Kojo-Kaiyr | Page 8 of 274 Note: there are no sub-basins in this range. This could be either because the previous category includes the most Upstream 100.01 to 150 upstream sub-basins in the catchment, or because the speci ed distance does not extend beyond the sub-basins in the previous category.
Kojo-Kaiyr | Page 9 of 274 Note: there are no sub-basins in this range. This could be either because the previous category includes the most Upstream beyond 150 upstream sub-basins in the catchment, or because the speci ed distance does not extend beyond the sub-basins in the previous category.
Kojo-Kaiyr | Page 10 of 274
Downstream -0.01 to -50 upstream sub-basins in the catchment, or because the speci ed distance does not extend beyond the sub-basins in the previous category.
Kojo-Kaiyr | Page 11 of 274
Downstream -50.01 to -100
Kojo-Kaiyr | Page 12 of 274
Sub-basin information
Category (distance from site km) No. of sub basins in category Area of category km²
-50.01 to -100 3 841.7
Species Richness Information Number of freshwater species present in selected sub-basins in total, grouped by taxonomy and by Red List Category.
Taxonomic All Critically Near Endangered Vulnerable group species Endangered Threatened
FISHES 6 0 0 2 0
ODONATES 5 0 0 0 0
MOLLUSCS 1 0 0 0 0
PLANTS 4 0 0 0 0
All 16 0 0 2 0
Threatened species (CR+EN+VU) Details of threatened freshwater species present in selected sub-basins. For the full IUCN Red List please refer to the associated csv in the report folder.
Common Taxonomic IUCN Population Species Name Biome Name Group Category Trend
Wild Cyprinus carpio Common FISHES VU Unknown Freshwater Carp
Luciobarbus Aral Barbel FISHES VU Decreasing Freshwater brachycephalus
Migratory Species Details of migratory freshwater species present in selected sub-basins. For the full IUCN Red List please refer to the associated csv in the report folder.
31 July 2020 A.V-1
Taxonomic IUCN Movement Species Name Common Name Group Category Pattern
Mesopotamian Leuciscus aspius FISHES LC or LR/lc Full Migrant Asp
Wild Common Cyprinus carpio FISHES VU Full Migrant Carp
Sander lucioperca Pike-perch FISHES LC or LR/lc Full Migrant
Luciobarbus Aral Barbel FISHES VU Full Migrant brachycephalus
31 July 2020 A.V-2
Downstream -100.01 to -150
Sub-basin information
Category (distance from site km) No. of sub basins in category Area of category km²
-100.01 to -150 2 1490.9
Species Richness Information Number of freshwater species present in selected sub-basins in total, grouped by taxonomy and by Red List Category.
Taxonomic All Critically Near Endangered Vulnerable group species Endangered Threatened
FISHES 6 0 0 2 0
ODONATES 5 0 0 0 0
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MOLLUSCS 1 0 0 0 0
PLANTS 4 0 0 0 0
All 16 0 0 2 0
Threatened species (CR+EN+VU) Details of threatened freshwater species present in selected sub-basins. For the full IUCN Red List please refer to the associated csv in the report folder.
Common Taxonomic IUCN Population Species Name Biome Name Group Category Trend
Wild Cyprinus carpio Common FISHES VU Unknown Freshwater Carp
Luciobarbus Aral Barbel FISHES VU Decreasing Freshwater brachycephalus
Migratory Species Details of migratory freshwater species present in selected sub-basins. For the full IUCN Red List please refer to the associated csv in the report folder.
Taxonomic IUCN Movement Species Name Common Name Group Category Pattern
Mesopotamian Leuciscus aspius FISHES LC or LR/lc Full Migrant Asp
Wild Common Cyprinus carpio FISHES VU Full Migrant Carp
Sander lucioperca Pike-perch FISHES LC or LR/lc Full Migrant
Luciobarbus Aral Barbel FISHES VU Full Migrant brachycephalus
Altitudinal Sympecma gobica ODONATES LC or LR/lc Migrant
31 July 2020 A.V-4
Downstream beyond -150
Sub-basin information
Category (distance from site km) No. of sub basins in category Area of category km²
beyond -150 61 97388.8
Species Richness Information
Common Taxonomic IUCN Population Species Name Biome Name Group Category Trend
Wild Cyprinus carpio Common FISHES VU Unknown Freshwater Carp
31 July 2020 A.V-5
Number of freshwater species present in selected sub-basins in total, grouped by taxonomy and by Red List Category.
Taxonomic All Critically Near Endangered Vulnerable group species Endangered Threatened
FISHES 12 0 0 3 0
ODONATES 8 0 0 0 0
DECAPODS 1 0 0 0 0
MOLLUSCS 3 0 0 0 0
PLANTS 6 0 0 0 0
All 30 0 0 3 0
Threatened species (CR+EN+VU) Details of threatened freshwater species present in selected sub-basins. For the full IUCN Red List please refer to the associated csv in the report folder.
Common Taxonomic IUCN Population Species Name Biome Name Group Category Trend
Luciobarbus Aral Barbel FISHES VU Decreasing Freshwater brachycephalus
Luciobarbus capito FISHES VU Decreasing Freshwater
Migratory Species Details of migratory freshwater species present in selected sub-basins. For the full IUCN Red List please refer to the associated csv in the report folder.
Taxonomic IUCN Movement Species Name Common Name Group Category Pattern
31 July 2020 A.V-6
Mesopotamian Leuciscus aspius FISHES LC or LR/lc Full Migrant Asp
Wild Common Cyprinus carpio FISHES VU Full Migrant Carp
Pelecus cultratus Sichel FISHES LC or LR/lc Full Migrant
Rutilus rutilus Roach FISHES LC or LR/lc Full Migrant
Sander lucioperca Pike-perch FISHES LC or LR/lc Full Migrant
Ballerus sapa FISHES LC or LR/lc Full Migrant
Luciobarbus Aral Barbel FISHES VU Full Migrant brachycephalus
Luciobarbus capito FISHES VU Full Migrant
Abramis brama Common Bream FISHES LC or LR/lc Full Migrant
Taxonomic IUCN Movement Species Name Common Name Group Category Pattern
Altitudinal Sympecma gobica ODONATES LC or LR/lc Migrant
31 July 2020 A.V-7
Recommended citation IBAT Freshwater Report. Generated under licence 1399-13793 from the Integrated Biodiversity Assessment Tool on 02 February 2021 (GMT). www.ibat-alliance.org
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Appendix 6. IBAT PS6 & ESS6 Report Kojo-Kaiyr
Integrated Biodiversity Assessment Tool WORLD BANK GROUP BIODIVERSITY RISK SCREEN KOJO-KAIYR Country: Kyrgyzstan Location: [ 40.2, 72 ] Created by: Sultan Bakirov
Displaying project location and buffers: 1 km, 10 km, 50 km
This report is based on IFC Performance Standard 6 (PS6) but applies to World Bank Environmental and Social Standard 6 (ESS6)
31 July 2020 A.VI-1
About this report IBAT provides initial screening for critical habitat values. Performance Standard 6 (PS6) de nes these values for critical habitat (PS6: para. 16) and legally protected and internationally recognized areas (PS6: para. 20). PS6 will be triggered when IFC client activities are located in modi ed habitats containing “signi cant biodiversity value,” natural habitats, critical habitats, legally protected areas, or areas that are internationally recognized for biodiversity. References to PS6 and Guidance Note 6 (GN6) are provided to guide further assessment and detailed de nitions where necessary. Please see https://www.ifc.org/ps6 for full details on PS6 and GN6.
The report screens for known risks within a standard 50km buffer of the coordinates used for analysis. This buffer is not intended to indicate the area of impact. The report can be used to:
Scope risks to include within an assessment of risks and impacts Identify gaps within an existing assessment of risks and impacts Prioritize between sites in a portfolio for further assessment of risks and impacts Inform a preliminary determination of critical habitat Assess the need for engaging a biodiversity specialist Identify additional conservation experts or organizations to inform further assessment or planning
WARNING: IBAT aims to provide the most up-to-date and accurate information available at the time of analysis. There is however a possibility of incomplete, incorrect or out-of-date information. All ndings in this report must be supported by further desktop review, consultation with experts and/or on-the-ground eld assessment as described in PS6 and GN6. Please consult IBAT for any additional disclaimers or recommendations applicable to the information used to generate this report.
Legal disclaimer The Integrated Biodiversity Assessment Tool (IBAT) and IBAT products, which include the IBAT Portal, reports, and data, are owned by IBAT Alliance and accessible by paid subscription.
The IBAT and IBAT products may contain reference to or include content owned and provided by the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (“IBRD”), the International Development Association (“IDA”), the International Finance Corporation (“IFC”), the Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency (“MIGA”), and the International Center for Settlement of Investment Disputes (“ICSID”) (collectively, the “World Bank Group” or “WBG”, individually, the “WBG Member”). The content owned and provided by the WBG Members (the “Member Content”) is the respective property of the WBG Member and is protected under general principles of copyright.
31 July 2020 A.VI-2
The use of Member Content in IBAT and IBAT products is under license and intended for informational purposes only. Such use is not intended to constitute legal, securities, or investment advice, an opinion regarding the appropriateness of any investment, or a solicitation of any type. Additionally, the information is provided on a strictly “as-is” basis, without any assurance or representation of any kind.
The WBG Member does not guarantee the accuracy, reliability or completeness of any Member Content included in IBAT or IBAT products or for the conclusions or judgments described therein. The WBG Member accepts no responsibility or liability for any omissions or errors (including, without limitation, typographical errors and technical errors) in any Member Content whatsoever or for reliance thereon. The boundaries, colors, denominations, and other information shown on any map in IBAT do not imply any judgment on the part of WBG Member concerning the legal status of any territory or the endorsement or acceptance of such boundaries. The ndings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in the IBAT and the IBAT products do not necessarily re ect the views of the WBG Member, its member countries, Executive Directors, or the governments it represents.
The WBG Members are international organizations established under their respective constituent agreement among their member countries. IBRD owns the WBG logos and trademark. The logos and other trademarks, service marks, graphics of a WBG Member are the tradenames, trademarks or registered trademarks of that WBG Member (the “WBG Member Mark”). The WBG logo and trademark and WBG Member Marks may not be copied, imitated, or used, in whole or in part, without the prior written permission of WBG or its Members, as appropriate. All other queries on rights and licenses, including subsidiary rights, should be addressed as follows. If to IFC, to IFC’s Corporate Relations Department, 2121 Pennsylvania Avenue, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20433. If to MIGA, to MIGA’s Legal Affairs and Claims Group (Attn: Chief Counsel, Operations & Policy), 1818 H Street N.W., U12-1204, Washington, D.C. 20433. If to IBRD and/or IDA, to the O ce of the Publisher, The World Bank, 1818 H Street N.W., Washington, D.C. 20433; Email: [email protected]
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Priority Species Habitat of signi cant importance to priority species will trigger critical habitat status (See PS6: para 16). IBAT provides a preliminary list of priority species that could occur within the 50km buffer. This list is drawn from the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species (IUCN RL). This list should be used to guide any further assessment, with the aim of con rming knownor likely occurrence of these species within the project area. It is also possible that further assessment may con rm occurrence of additional priority species not listed here. It is strongly encouraged that any new species information collected by the project be shared with species experts and/or IUCN wherever possible in order to improve IUCN datasets.
IUCN Red List of Threatened Species - CR & EN The following species are potentially found within 50km of the area of interest. For the full IUCN Red List please refer to the associated csv in the report folder.
Common Taxonomic IUCN Population Species Name Biome Name Group Category Trend
Vanellus Sociable AVES CR Decreasing Terrestrial gregarius Lapwing
Oxyura Whiteheaded Terrestrial, AVES EN Decreasing leucocephala Duck Freshwater
Haliaeetus Pallas's Terrestrial, AVES EN Decreasing leucoryphus Fisheagle Freshwater
Neophron Egyptian Terrestrial, AVES EN Decreasing percnopterus Vulture Freshwater
Aquila Steppe AVES EN Decreasing Terrestrial nipalensis Eagle
Terrestrial, Saker Falco cherrug AVES EN Decreasing Marine, Falcon Freshwater Restricted Range Species
Taxonomic IUCN Population Species Name Common Name Biome Group Category Trend
31 July 2020 A.VI-4
Taxonomic IUCN Population Species Name Common Name Biome Group Category Trend
Hynobius Turkestanian Terrestrial, AMPHIBIA DD Unknown turkestanicus Salamander Freshwater
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Biodiversity features which are likely to trigger Critical Habitat
Protected Areas
There are no protected areas to show for this report.
Key Biodiversity Areas
There are no key biodiversity areas to show for this report.
Species with potential to occur
Total Total Area Taxonomic assessed (CR, EN CR EN VU NT LC DD group species & VU)
AVES 250 12 1 5 6 11 227 0
ACTINOPTERYGII 14 2 0 0 2 0 12 0
MAMMALIA 63 2 0 0 2 4 55 2
REPTILIA 11 3 0 0 3 0 8 0
AGARICOMYCETES 3 1 0 0 1 0 2 0
INSECTA 24 0 0 0 0 0 21 3
MALACOSTRACA 2 0 0 0 0 0 2 0
BIVALVIA 2 0 0 0 0 0 1 1
GASTROPODA 3 0 0 0 0 0 3 0
LILIOPSIDA 28 0 0 0 0 0 26 2
MAGNOLIOPSIDA 10 0 0 0 0 0 9 1
31 July 2020 A.VI-6
Area Taxonomic Total assessed Total (CR, CR EN VU NT LC DD group species EN & VU)
AMPHIBIA 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
31 July 2020 A.VI-7
Recommended citation IBAT PS6 & ESS6 Report. Generated under licence 1399-13794 from the Integrated Biodiversity Assessment Tool on 02 February 2021 (GMT). www.ibat-alliance.org
Recommended Experts and Organizations For projects located in critical habitat, clients must ensure that external experts with regional expertise are involved in further assessment (GN6: GN22). Clients are encouraged to develop partnerships with recognized and credible conservation organizations and/or academic institutes, especially with respect to potential developments in natural or critical habitat (GN6: GN23). Where critical habitats are triggered by priority species, species specialists must be involved. IBAT provides data originally collected by a large network of national partners, while species information is sourced via the IUCN Red List and a liated Species Specialist Groups. These experts and organizations are listed below. Please note that this is not intended as a comprehensive list of organizations and experts. These organizations and experts are under no obligation to support any further assessment and do so entirely at their discretion and under their terms. Any views expressed or recommendations made by these stakeholders should not be attributed to the IFC or IBAT for IFC partners.
Birdlife Partners URL: https://www.birdlife.org/worldwide/partnership/birdlife-partners
Directory for Species Survival Commission (SSC) Specialist Groups and Red List Authorities URL: https://www.iucn.org/commissions/ssc-groups
31 July 2020 A.VI-8