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Regional Economic Development Project Kyrgyz Republic Public Disclosure Authorized Regional Economic Development Project Public Disclosure Authorized ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT FRAMEWORK Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Bishkek December 2, 2019 Table of Contents LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS ...................................................................................................... 4 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ........................................................................................................................................... 5 1. PROJECT BACKGROUND AND SCOPE OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT FRAMEWORK ........................................................................................................................................................... 13 1.1. PROJECT APPROACH AND POTENTIAL BENEFICIARIES ................................................................................. 13 1.2. PROJECT COMPONENTS AND PROPOSED INVESTMENTS ............................................................................... 14 1.3. SCOPE AND OBJECTIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT FRAMEWORK ......................... 17 2. ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL ASSESSMENT POLICY AND REGULATORY FRAMEWORK ...... 19 2.1. KYRGYZ REPUBLIC NATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL LEGISLATION AND ESA PROCEDURES .......................... 19 2.1.1. Constitution ....................................................................................................................................... 19 2.1.2. Natural Resources and Environment Legislation ............................................................................. 19 2.1.3. ESA Regulations ............................................................................................................................... 21 2.1.4. ESA Standards .................................................................................................................................. 21 2.2. LEGISLATION OF THE KYRGYZ REPUBLIC IN THE SPHERE OF SOCIAL ASSESSMENT, LAND ACQUISITION AND RESETTLEMENT ....................................................................................................................................................... 23 2.3. LOCAL GOVERNMENTS OPERATE IN CLOSE COOPERATION WITH STATE AUTHORITIES TO CREATE CONDITIONS FOR THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE CONSTITUTIONAL RIGHTS OF CITIZENS OF THE KYRGYZ REPUBLIC TO PARTICIPATE IN RESOLVING ISSUES OF STATE AND LOCAL IMPORTANCE.THE WORLD BANK ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL STANDARDS ........................................................................................................................................ 25 2.4. PROJECT RISKS ASSESSMENT ...................................................................................................................... 33 3. NATIONAL ESA INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK ..................................................................................... 34 4. BASELINE ANALYSIS .................................................................................................................................... 36 4.1. LOCATION AND SIZE ................................................................................................................................... 36 4.2. PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT ........................................................................................................................... 38 4.3. TOPOGRAPHY AND DRAINAGE ................................................................................................................... 38 4.4. LAND USE .................................................................................................................................................. 39 4.5. BIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT ....................................................................................................................... 39 4.6. PROTECTED AREAS .................................................................................................................................... 40 4.7. SOCIO – ECONOMIC BACKGROUND ............................................................................................................. 41 4.8. CULTURAL HERITAGE ................................................................................................................................ 43 5. SOCIO-ECONOMIC AND GENDER ANALYSIS .......................................................................................... 45 5.1. DEMOGRAPHY ............................................................................................................................................ 45 5.2. INCOME ...................................................................................................................................................... 45 5.3. GENDER ANALYSIS ..................................................................................................................................... 47 5.4. KEY BENEFICIARIES ................................................................................................................................... 48 5.4.1. VULNERABLE OR DISADVANTAGED SUBGROUPS AMONG PROJECT BENEFICIARIES ..................................... 48 5.5. STAKEHOLDER SEGMENTATION/ PRIORITIZATION ...................................................................................... 49 6. OPPORTUNITIES AND CONDITIONS FOR PARTICIPATION OF INTERESTED PARTIES IN THE DEVELOPMENT PROCESS ..................................................................................................................................... 50 6.1. CITIZEN ENGAGEMENT ............................................................................................................................... 50 6.2. PROPOSED CITIZEN ENGAGEMENT MECHANISMS ........................................................................................ 51 7. POTENTIAL ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL RISKS AND IMPACTS.................................................. 52 7.1 ADVERSE ENVIRONMENTAL RISKS AND IMPACTS ...................................................................................... 52 7.2. ADVERSE SOCIAL RISKS AND IMPACTS ...................................................................................................... 70 7.2.1 OVERVIEW OF POTENTIAL SOCIAL RISKS AND IMPACTS .............................................................................. 70 EXCLUSION RISKS FACING THE PROJECT BENEFICIARIES’ SUB-GROUPS .................................................................... 71 8. ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL ASSESSMENT RULES AND PROCEDURES .................................... 82 8.1. Main stages of environmental and social assessment and the role of involved parties......................... 82 8.1.2. ESA process: step-by-step ..................................................................................................................... 82 8.2. Screening of sub-project activities and identification of ESA Instruments ........................................... 83 8.3. Types of ESA instruments and ESIA/ESMP Review Process ................................................................. 85 8.4. Project Monitoring and Evaluation ...................................................................................................... 87 8.5. Screening Process in Land Acquisition and Resettlement ..................................................................... 87 8.6. Resettlement Policy Framework (RPF) ................................................................................................. 88 9. ADDRESSING REQUIREMENTS UNDER ESSS .......................................................................................... 90 10. MONITORING PLANS .............................................................................................................................. 103 11. ESA REPORTING RESPONSIBILITIES ................................................................................................... 104 12. INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENTS AND CAPACITY FOR ESMF IMPLEMENTATION .............. 105 12.1 Project coordination ........................................................................................................................... 105 12.2 Project Implementation Unit ............................................................................................................... 105 2 12.3 Beneficiaries and Contractors’ responsibilities .................................................................................. 105 12.4 ESA capacity building activities .......................................................................................................... 106 13. GRIEVANCE REDRESS MECHANISM ................................................................................................... 108 13.1 Introduction ......................................................................................................................................... 108 13.2 World Bank Grievance Redress System .............................................................................................. 108 13.3 Project GRM ....................................................................................................................................... 108 14. ESMF DISCLOSURE AND PUBLIC CONSULTATIONS ....................................................................... 110 14.1 ESMF DISCLOSURE .................................................................................................................................. 110 14.2 ESMF PUBLIC CONSULTATIONS ..............................................................................................................
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