overarching technologies of information disasters are becoming more frequent and storage and retrieval and networking and more serious as communities around the communications, and 5) the creation of world become more vulnerable. The Understanding infrastructure, evaluation, and transfer of increasing vulnerability of communities Disaster research results. and consequent intensity of disaster The workshop brought together a repercussions, particularly in regions Anthony Oliver-Smith small group of leading researchers from where anthropologists have traditionally across the relevant subdisciplines of IT, studied, have challenged the field to engineering, and social sciences along come to grips with the practical and "How do the events of September 11, with representatives of agencies and theoretical problems that disasters 2001 affect our understanding of crisis organizations involved in crisis response. present. and crisis management?" was the Because disasters are multidimensional In recent years, anthropology has question that led the National Science phenomena, emphasis was placed on added significant cross-cultural, Foundation Directorates of Computer and finding areas of mutual concern and methodological, and theoretical breadth Information Sciences, Engineering and cooperation across the various to study of disasters. Archaeology has Social Sciences to convene a workshop disciplines. Represented among the revealed how cultural systems often entitled "Responding to the Unexpected" social sciences at the workshop were incorporate long developed harmonies or on February 27-March 1, 2002. As an sociologists, psychologists, political contradictions with their environments. anthropologist with roughly 30 years of scientists, and economists. I was the sole Ethnography has illustrated how disaster research and consultation in disaster intervention based on narrow research response and recovery, I was invited to sometimes disrupts native adaptations assist in replying to that question as well Anthropologists have and diminishes rather than augments developing an appropriate research been at the forefront of disaster recovery. Earlier disaster agenda in crisis and disaster management the effort to link research concentrated almost entirely on that would reflect the changes that 9/11 immediate responses to calamity and has initiated. socially structured first-tier agency intervention and left The NSF workshop focused on patterns of vulnerability unexplored the fluctuations in response developments in information technology and recovery that transpire over time. (IT), engineering, and the social sciences to disaster impacts… Yet, disasters are enduring events with that can enable construction of effective many punctuations in reaching their response organization at the instant of representative from anthropology. A inevitable outcomes. Anthropology's disaster. The specific tasks of the final report is being compiled from the long-term perspective and in-depth workshop were to begin understanding presentations and break-out sessions and fieldwork have added significantly to and developing the new technical, social, will be due out in early April of this year. comprehending the protracted and policy requirements for responding to Although social scientific disaster repercussions calamities provoke. An unexpected disasters to improve the way research has traditionally been the anthropological perspective has further society deals with such events. preserve of sociology and geography, the enhanced comprehension of factors that Initial discussions were organized issue of disaster has become increasingly lead to people's vulnerability, bringing to around the 9/11 attacks, earthquakes, and salient to the research and practice light the roles that age, gender, social nuclear accidents. The workshop concerns of anthropology. class, race, and ethnicity play in putting participants then worked toward Anthropologists at the University of people in harm's way. From ground level establishing research priorities in Florida in particular have made important anthropology has asked who are the breakout groups on (1) urban contributions to the study and likely victims of calamity, and what are infrastructure and its protection; (2) risk management of disasters. Moreover, they the practices that lead to unequal shares assessment; (3) organizational integration have been at the forefront of the effort to of safety, simultaneously broadening the and response, including policy and link socially structured patterns of ethnographic data base for cross-cultural regulation jurisdictional issues and virtual vulnerability to disaster impacts. Natural, studies of disaster. and actual organizational behavior; (4) technological, and politically driven UF Anthropology

agile: faculty members wrote the most The department has undergone From the Chair grants in the department’s history last remarkable changes this past year. We year; our new graduate students arrived are now a comprehensive laboratory Allan F. Burns on campus with enthusiasm and keen department: this past year saw the curiosity, and the department office staff construction of laboratories in human This year began with the shocks of 9/11. met department needs with initiative and molecular genetics, biomechanics, Forensic anthropologists Tony Falsetti, grace. The department was able to secure forensics and osteology, digital imaging, Mike Warren, and graduate student two lines even in this difficult year, one video editing, Geographic Information Heather Walsh-Haney went to ground for Rick Stepp, and another for Systems and ethnography, southeastern zero, helping Elizabeth “Buzzy” Guillette. Rick US archaeology, and zooarchaeology, to make sense receives his Ph.D. from Georgia this and Diaspora studies, just to name a few. of the attacks summer, and will hold a combined Florida Anthropology now has the and the position between Anthropology and Latin resources to give “hands on” proficiency destruction to American Studies. His work on that only laboratories can provide. people’s ethnomedicine in southern Mexico will The department is a key program in lives. Then further strengthen our medical the University of Florida, in part because in October, anthropology interests in the department. of the enthusiasm of the faculty, the Graduate Rick will also work closely with the Land quality of the students, and the critical Research Use and Environmental Change Institute research that is done on both a statewide Professor (LUECI) and the GIS/Ethnography and world scale. The department has also Marvin Harris passed away, and his computer lab. flourished through the generosity of death affected us as well. Dr. Guillette’s research in the Yaqui donors who have funded the new lecture The department, and the university, areas of Sonora on the effects of series, graduate research in Latin suffered very deep cutbacks this year as environmental contaminants had startling America, and excellence in the Florida economy suffered from the results: children who grow up in undergraduate and graduate research. I loss of tourism and travel. Key faculty industrial agricultural areas are hope you enjoy this issue of the positions could not be filled, teaching and developmentally slower than their newsletter and also hope that you can research assistantships were placed in counterparts where industrial agriculture help us with a gift. Alumni and friends jeopardy, and we have all had to make has not spread. Buzzy and her work have are the heart and soul of the department; the best we could in a much different been featured on the Discovery Channel, your support is the value added that world. But the department is spirited and many news reports, and a slew of moves us forward. scientific publications.

Was DeSalvo the “Boston Strangler?”

On November 19, 2001, Michael Warren worked as a member of an interdisciplinary forensic science team that exhumed the body of the so-called “Boston Strangler” – Albert DeSalvo – from its Massachusetts grave in order to re- investigate his murder and, if possible, collect genetic evidence that might exonerate him in the death of Mary A. Sullivan, the last victim of the Boston Strangler. DeSalvo was murdered in his cell at Walpole State Prison, Massachusetts, after he allegedly decided to reveal that he was not, in fact, the Boston Strangler. DeSalvo – who was never charged or convicted as the “Strangler” because there was no evidence linking him to any of the crime scenes – was murdered while in protective custody where he was serving a life sentence for convictions unrelated to the stranglings. No one was ever convicted of DeSalvo’s murder. DeSalvo’s body was taken to a forensic facility at York College of Pennsylvania where some of the nation’s top experts re-investigated his 1973 stabbing death and collected DNA samples. Warren was part of a scientific team that included York College professor of anthropology John S. Levisky; forensic pathologist Michael Baden (of O.J. Simpson fame); criminalist Henry Lee, and University of Florida forensic toxicologist Bruce Goldberger, among others. The re-investigation was the result of a request by members of both the DeSalvo and Sullivan families, who are unconvinced of DeSalvo’s earlier claims that he was the “Boston Strangler.” DeSalvo claimed he raped and manually strangled Sullivan, but his confession did not match the autopsy report: there was no genetic evidence suggesting rape and

no evidence she had been strangled by anything other than ligatures. The Warren examines remains while, from left investigation confirmed the cause of death as multiple stab wounds to the chest, to right, Michelle Hamburger (law student, however, results of DNA testing are pending and will be released at a later date. The George Washington University), Elaine Whitfield-Sharp (attorney) and Patti Newsletter - Spring 2002 - Page 3

impoverished rural communities of healing” in Tanzania continues to be Welcome Aboard! Ghana’s northern savanna. Brenda constructed through the re-definition recently completed a book manuscript and marginalization of practices Four anthropologists joined the based on this research. The book is a concerned with the world of spirits, department this year. Brenda Chalfin, case study of an indigenous oilseed and through the intervention of Stacey Langwick, Marilyn Thomas- known as shea that is central to biomedicine. Stacey addresses Houston, and Buzzy Guillette add their women’s livelihoods throughout the moments of cultural and scientific wealth of research and educational West African savanna. Although a low- translation that occur during encounters experiences to our growing faculty. priced staple at home, shea is a luxury between biomedical and indigenous Another new faculty member, Rick good on the world market. The book medical systems. The objects needing Stepp, will join us this fall. examines how the growing value and to be treated, as well as the actors popularity of shea abroad has brought capable of effecting a transformation in Brenda Chalfin is a cultural with it new forms of state engagement non-biomedical therapies are anthropologist specializing in with rural communities, leading to the dramatically different than those in economic and political anthropology. restructuring of rural economic biomedical therapies. Working in a Her research is institutions, especially women’s geographical region shaped by past and based in West cooperative work and the flow of current forms of oppression, Stacey Africa, which resources within households and kin argues that the politics of these Brenda first groups. therapeutic objects – we might say visited in 1985 their right to exist – is a critical as a develop- The first response by so many who concern both practically and ment volunteer. hear about traditional healing in Africa theoretically. Before coming is to ask: “Does it really work?” to UF last fall, Stacey Langwick, who joined the Marilyn M. Thomas-Houston joins she spent ten Department of Anthropology this the department after serving as months in January, contextualizes this question, Assistant Professor of Anthropology at Ghana embarking on a new project which implicitly expresses a concern as the University of South Carolina. Her involving an ethnographic study of the to whether the agents accused of most recent work focuses on the Customs Service. This project builds affliction exist and whether the establishment of an African American on an earlier study of cross-border medicines Diaspora Summer Field School that trade which examined traders’ that are used conducts comparative and interdis- manipulation and redefinition of state initiate ciplinary research between communi- mandates in the frontier zone spanning change. Her ties formed by the descendants and Ghana, Burkina Faso and Togo in the research relatives of Black Loyalists. Particular early and mid-1990s. explores forms of freedom and oppression under Shifting the lens from traders to issues colonialism have shaped Black state agents, in her current research concerning communities in Nova Scotia, Canada, Brenda looks closely at customs knowledge, South Carolina, USA, and Sierra officers’ response to the twin processes materiality, Leone, West Africa and as such the of globalization and liberalization. She post- ethnographic studies are intended to is particularly interested in the way colonialism bring together an understanding of the new types of commerce, trade and gender through empirical analyses social and political organization of regulations, and corporate forms of healing and health in Sub-Saharan these three reshape customs officers’ conceptions Africa. Trained as a medical regions for and expressions of state authority and anthropologist (University of North comparative what this implies for the character of Carolina, 2001) and also holding a analyses. national sovereignty more generally. master’s degree in public health Marilyn During the 2002-03 academic year (University of North Carolina, 1995), hopes to Brenda will be writing a book on this Stacey is jointly appointed by the begin the research, tentatively titled: Subversive Center for Women’s Studies and first phase of States: Sovereignty and Survival on the Gender Research. the Field West African Frontier, while a fellow Stacey’s work is located at the School in at the Institute for Advanced Study in intersection of science, gender and Nova Scotia Princeton, N.J. politics. Currently, she is investigating during the In addition to exploring the how certain kinds of practices Summer of 2003. interface of markets and states, much concerning well-being and bodies have Marilyn’s work in visual anthro- of her work has examined the come to be understood as “healing” in pology continues with the impact of livelihood strategies within southern Tanzania. “Traditional the federally funded HOPE VI initia- UF Anthropology tive on the lives of public housing research on health and the environment Maya. In addition, he has been residents. She co-organized with Mark to an increasingly diverse faculty. involved in documentary film projects Schuller a 2001 AAA invited session Rick Stepp will join the faculty this in the Southeast U.S. and Mexico. In panel on the subject, which has fall as the recent hire in ecological the fall semester of 2002 he will be resulted in bringing those papers and anthropology. His time will be divided teaching a course on regional analysis, others to UF in the form of a mini- between the Department of that will cover conference, sponsored by the African Anthropology, the Center for Latin theory, American Studies Program, designed American Studies Tropical methodology to develop into an edited book for Conservation and Development and techniques, academic or trade publication. Marilyn Program, and the Land Use and including GIS. also hopes to organize local under- Environmental Change Institute. Rick He will be graduate and graduate service-learning comes from the program in ecological coordinating research here in Gainesville. She anthropology at the University of projects in the would appreciate getting feedback Georgia. His primary research GIS-LUECI lab from students regarding their interests interests are Mesoamerica, in the basement in service learning or local research. ethnobiology, and medical of Turlington anthropology. For the last several and encourages students to consider Elizabeth years he has been working in Chiapas, utilizing the lab in their research. He “Buzzy” Mexico with the Tzeltal Maya. His also plans to collaborate on remote Guillette has ethnobotanical research there examines sensing research with satellite imagery been contribu- variation in traditional ecological through LUECI. Of particular interest ting to the knowledge, use, and procurement of is a project involving land-use change, department for medicinal plants. The Highland Maya medicinal plant conservation and years as an utilize over 1600 plants for medicinal healthcare strategies in the Maya instructor, purposes, most of them obtained from region. He is looking at how teaching many human modified landscapes. He has deforestation and environmental sections of Human Sexuality and also conducted conservation research degradation are changing disease Culture to great reviews. Buzzy now in the montane cloud forests of patterns and how people treat illness joins the rank-in-file, bringing her Ecuador and is starting research in and conceptualize their biophysical Southern Belize with the Q’echi’ environment.

GENETIC ANTHROPOLOGY AT UF

Connie Mulligan

The Molecular Genetics Lab is up and running! After 1 1/2 years of struggle to pry the previous residents out of B103 and B105 Turlington Hall and overseeing renovations by the Physical Plant (who were great to work with), the Molecular Genetics Lab is fully equipped and filled with eager students. My lab analyzes human genetic variation in order to reconstruct the evolutionary history and relationships of human populations and human pathogens. We use a technique called the polymerase chain reaction, which revolutionized the field of human population genetics (and other fields) in the 1990s. Recently, a NSF equipment grant with matching funds from the college enabled the purchase of a Beckman-Coulter Automated DNA Analysis System, a state-of-the-art capillary-based machine for the automated analysis of all types of genetic variants, including point mutations, insertion/deletions, microsatellites, and DNA sequence data. A separate Ancient DNA Laboratory is equipped with an independent air supply and HEPA filtration to reduce the chance of contamination during the analysis of DNA from old specimens, such as those curated at the Florida Museum of Natural History. Currently, graduate students Ben Burkley (upper right) and Nicole Nowak are assisting on NIH-funded research to identify genetic variants that predispose people to alcohol dependence. University Scholar undergraduate Sherin Smallwood (upper left) is analyzing ancient DNA in several projects to study the evolution of the St. Johns culture in NE Florida, investigate the origin of venereal syphilis, and identify museum specimens amenable to DNA analysis. This semester also marked the first offering of the Molecular Anthropology Laboratory course, designed to provide graduate students with a hands-on opportunity to assay genetic variants on their own. Newsletter - Spring 2002 - Page 5

construction of a new road being built to The 2002 field season will commence in Faculty Watch circumvent a new dam and reservoir in June 2002 with field members from UF, southern Ethiopia. Funded by the ARCCH, the University of Cape Town, European Union and undertaken in and University of Leuvan, Belgium. conjunction with staff from Ethiopia’s

Authority for Research and Conservation Paul J. Magnarella remains active in the of the Cultural Heritage (ARCCH) and IcONOgRaPHIc… human rights area. This past year he graduate students from UF, the offered one course on Human Rights in excavations revealed what appears to be a Susan D. Gillespie is in the process of CLAS and one on Humanitarian Law in continuous stratified deposit reaching putting together the Mesoamerican the College of Law. He joined the almost 2.5 meters in depth and probably Archaeology and Iconography Lab. editorial boards of the journals Social spanning the last 20-40,000 years. The special mission of this lab is to Justice and Human Rights and Human Brandt returned to Ethiopia for short create a digital (computerized) archive Welfare, and became the Encyclopedia of periods in February and March 2002 to of the artworks, architecture, and other the Developing World’s editorial advisor organize emergency archaeological artifacts of the major cultures of pre- for human rights. Paul also serves as investigations of the dam and reservoir Columbian Mesoamerica (Mexico and legal counsel to and member of the being constructed in southern Ethiopia. Guatemala). The first objective is to American Anthropological Association’s Funded by the World Bank, the construct a database of the artworks of Human Rights Committee. emergency survey and excavations began the Olmec culture of Mexico's Gulf In addition, Paul directed another in mid March 2002 and are being Coast (1200-500 BC). Olmec peoples successful summer program in Northern conducted by members of ARCCH and erected the first monumental stone John Kinahan of Namibia. Fieldwork and sculptures in Mesoamerica, including laboratory analyses will continue through the famous colossal heads as well as December, 2002. stone statues and altars. They and In June, 2001 Brandt joined his related peoples also crafted small colleague and co-Principal Investigator, greenstone Kathryn Weedman, in Konso, southern objects, Ethiopia to begin the first season of a two including year National Science Foundation funded human project on the “Ethnoarchaeology of Hide figurines Working and Stone Tool Use.” The goal like the of this project is to study probably the last one to the women in the world still making flaked right. In Italy with 16 undergraduates. They stone tools on a regular basis, in this case addition to explored the cultural ecology of an alpine for scraping animal hides into bedding, the Olmecs, village, Trento, and Venice. bags and clothing. The project had five artworks of Paul's recent human rights publica- main components: The “Census” team other major tions include: “Assessing the Concept of identified and obtained demographic data cultures, including the Aztecs, Maya, Human Rights in Africa,” Human Rights on hide workers from all Konso villages, Zapotecs, and Teotihuacanos, will be and Human Welfare; “The Evolving Right while the “Life Cycle” teams followed entered into the archive. The database of Self-Determination of Indigenous individual hide workers from procurement will provide images along with Peoples,” St. Thomas Law Review; and of raw materials through manufacturing technical information on each artifact “Explaining Rwanda’s 1994 Genocide,” and use of hide products, including and its original location. Digitizing Human Rights and Human Welfare. clothing, to discard. The “Archaeology” photographs of objects and structures Paul also keeps up his Turkish team excavated a recently abandoned also permits the rapid computer-assisted research. He recently authored: “Turkish compound occupied by hide workers for creation and manipulation of line Social Anthropology Since the 1970s, at least one hundred years and over three drawings based on the photos. Having (with A. Erdentug) Oriental generations, while the “Ethnographic/ all of this information virtually at one's Anthropologist, and the chapter on Turkey Ethnohistoric” team interviewed past and fingertips will facilitate the detailed in Countries and Their Cultures. present hide workers and other members analysis of Mesoamerican religion, of the community for data on the internal worldview, society, and politics as socio-economic and political dynamics represented symbolically

affecting the lives of hide workers and (iconographically) in their artworks and Steven Brandt continues to conduct their material culture. Finally, the architecture. It will also enhance the archaeological and ethnoarchaeological “Documentation” team digitally filmed all teaching of courses on Mesoamerican research in Ethiopia. In May, 2001 he aspects of research, providing a visual peoples, as the images can easily be supervised the emergency excavation of a analytical record as well as documenting a incorporated in lectures and other Middle Stone Age/Late Stone Age way of life for future Konso generations presentations. prehistoric site threatened by the and the professional and general public. UF Anthropology

Helen Safa and John Dumoulin are magnitude earthquake struck southern The St. Johns Archaeological Field completing a background paper for the Peru. Fortunately, we had completed School is off for 2002, but will resume in Inter-American Development Bank on the excavations for the day and were not deep 2003 at another venue in the middle St. current socioeconomic status of women of in our excavation units. Despite the threat Johns Basin. In the meantime, a shoreline African descent in Latin America and the of a tsunami, the site and our community survey of Crescent Lake, in partnership Caribbean. Helen and John conducted suffered minimal damage. with Barbara Purdy, awaits state funds. brief field visits to Rio, Sao Paulo and DeFrance presented a paper on this past Salvador in Brazil, and to the Atlantic summer’s work at the Institute of Andean coast of Honduras, Costa Rica and Studies Meeting at UC-Berkeley in The State of Florida awarded a grant to Nicaragua, interviewing primarily black January. Anna Wright will present her the Department to conduct a social local academics and NGO activists findings on one component of the site at marketing study of migrant housing. working with women of African descent the University Scholars program this Allan Burns, P.I., notes that Florida in the region. The report should be March. An article on research conducted received 9 million dollars last year to completed by mid-March, and will at the site in 1998 was published in Latin improve migrant housing, but little is include sections written by UF American Antiquity this past December. known about migrant workers’ anthropology Ph.D. Nathalie Lebon (now perceptions of and expectations for teaching at Randolph-Macon in Virginia) housing. Working with Joan Flocks of and Kiran Asher, also trained at UF in the Institute of Child Health Policy, Burns political science and currently on a post- will conduct the study this June. doc at Rutgers.

FINDING THE SAND CREEK Researchers under the direction of Susan DESCENDANTS deFrance completed an excellent season of field research at Quebrada Tacahuay On November 29, 1864, a field expedition this past summer. With funding from The of the U. S. Army attacked a camp of Foundation for Exploration of Cultural Cheyenne Indians at the Sand Creek Origins and the National Geographic Crossing, near Lamar, Colorado, killing Society, deFrance was able to complete more than 200 persons, mostly women eight weeks of field research at the site and children. The Cheyennes had been located on the far southern coast of Peru. instructed to camp at Sand Creek by their In addition to two Peruvian archaeologists Indian Agent, who guaranteed their and a local field crew of 11 workers, safety. The fighting was very brutal. graduate student Erin Kennedy (photo Many Cheyennes, according to right) participated in the project as did Ken Sassaman, TAs Patrick O’Day eyewitness testimony, were scalped, University Scholar, Anna Wright (left). (photo left) and Jon Endonino, and 18 tortured and mutilated. After an official students spent another five weeks on the investigation by the U. S. Congress, the St. Johns River this past summer delving next year, survivors of the massacre and into Florida's ancient past. Work their descendants were promised continued at Blue Spring and Hontoon reparations in the form of cash payments Island State Parks, home to several shell and land. The treaty was solemnly signed mounds and middens dating from 6000 and ratified by Congress. The payments years ago. All goals for the project were were never made. met. In addition to resolving all major A group of scholars and graduate stratigraphic issues raised by testing in students, led by Florida anthropologist 2000, remote sensing was used to John Moore, are presently identifying the delineate the outlines of probable Sand Creek descendants. After decades household space. With students assisting, of intermarriage and migration, the John Schultz of the C.A. Pound Lab descendants are spread all over North We were able to excavate four 5x5 m deployed ground penetrating radar to American and represent many tribes and blocks to a depth of almost 3 meters. We predict subsurface clusters of hearths and ethnicities. By use of genealogies, uncovered excellent deposits dating to the pit features. These hi-tech data were computers, and important demographic Late Pleistocene. Thus far, our findings ground-truthed by traditional stratigraphic theories, and in cooperation with the Sand support previous interpretations that the excavation. Additional work involved Creek Descendants Trust Association, site was a specialized marine bird detailed laser-transit mapping of a 5-m- have compiled a list of more than 20,000 processing locale. high shell mound—all done by the descendants, and are awaiting action by Our field season also had added students—along with continued the U. S. Congress to pay this obligation, excitement on June 23 when an 8.4 reconnaissance survey of Hontoon Island. which is long overdue. Newsletter - Spring 2002 - Page 7

this obligation, which is long overdue. John Krigbaum is excited! His first year Biographical Sourcebook of Eminent Religion course in the Fall of 2001, to at UF has been a busy one and satisfying in Ethnic Americans (ABC-Clio Books). A analyze the vulnerability of monotheistic many ways. chapter from Maxine’s book, True to Her religions – Judaism and Christianity, no During these past Nature (Waveland 2000) was reprinted as less than Islam – to being kidnapped in the two semesters “Putting Mothers on the Pedestal” in service of agents of violence. In the Spring much of his Family Patterns, Gender Relation, 2nd ed. of 2001 he has been involved in a special attention has Oxford University Press. Finally, Maxine departmental project: identifying web sites, focused on the wrote the introduction for the 2001 re-issue gathering reading materials, and preparing design and of The Rise of Anthropological Theory workshops (and possibly a semester-long construction of a bone chemistry and bone course) on the evolution of the anthropo- (orig. 1968) by Marvin Harris (AltaMira "prep" lab in the basement of Turlington. logical job market and on the steps required Press). Here John and his students will continue for our Ph.D. students to confront and studies of archaeological and paleonto- flourish in that changing market. logical bones and teeth in order to say Kesha Fikes is completing a book something meaningful about diet in the past. The new facility will provide hands- manuscript entitled Managing African on training in bone chemistry studies and Portugal: Regulating Labor and Spatial stable isotope analysis. The contractors are Mobility in the Post/Colonial Portuguese now finishing up the installation of Project. The book addresses the regulation cabinets, benches, and hoods. of colonial space (which once linked The bone chemistry lab is a facility that Portugal and Portuguese Africa) through will function in a number of ways. A third migrant labor practices. It relates this of the space will be outfitted with history to contemporary migrant labor computers and a seminar/meeting space. legislation in Portugal. The objective is to The remaining two-thirds is devoted to understand the bureaucracies involved with attaining Portuguese citizenship, for long- "wet" work space and an extraction line for Michael Heckenberger returns to the term resident African nationals in isolating gases to be analyzed by mass Xingu this summer to resume field work on Portugal, given repeated transformations in spectrometry. The bone "prep" lab will be the history and archaeology of the Kuikuru. migrant labor legislation in Portugal (since where samples are prepared. A That’s Mike (above, left) and Afukaka, the independence in former Portuguese molding/casting operation is also in the Kuikuru chief, in 1994. The Kuikuru are Africa). These transformations, occurring works. John welcomes all to come visit. “traditional” Amerindians from the every few years, monitor the requirements headwaters of the Xingu River, a major of citizenship acquisition, while managing southern tributary of the Amazon. They a cultural and economic connection to are part of a “nation” of culturally related Maxine L. Margolis published several former Portuguese Africa. This peoples: “Xingu” or “Xinguano.” Mike’s articles and book chapters over the last connection, importantly, is also about work examines their shared histories from year. These include “Notes on securing the Portuguese project of prehistory to the present. Their history Transnational Migration: The Case of increased visibility in the European Union. runs deep, extending across a millennium Brazilian Immigrants” in Negotiating The book approaches the regulation of (ca. AD 1000 - present) and is very Transnationalism: Selected Papers in Portuguese citizenship by emphasizing the dynamic, both before and after 1492. Refugese and Immigrants published by the bureaucratic details of migrant labor policy, Equally clear is how much has stayed the General Anthropology Division of the from late colonialism to the present. same, in terms of the primary symbolic and American Anthropological Association; bodily orientations of Xinguanos in ritual and “With New Eyes: Returned and daily life. Mike begins 18 months of International Immigrants in Rio de Janeiro” Jerry Murray was P.I. on the preparation fieldwork (sponsored by UF and NSF), in Raízes e Rumos: Perspectivas of a $1.2 million contract between USAID with Brazilian linguists, ethnologists, and Interdisciplinares em Estudos Americanos and UF to support a five-year hillside archaeologists from the Museu Nacional (Editora 7 Letras, Rio de Janeiro). Maxine agricultural program in Haiti. He continues (Rio) and Museu Goeldi (Belem), new also published the entry on Brazil in to work on a series of microenterprise colleagues at UF, particularly through Countries and Their Cultures published by studies in the Dominican Republic. He LUECI, and, most importantly, graduate Macmillan Reference. It was co-authored submitted to his Dominican sponsors a students, David Mead, Christian Russell, with her students Neda Bezerra and Jason book-length manuscript in Spanish on the Morgan Schmidt (Geography), and Fox. In addition, she authored a portrait of decline of the public schools and the Joshua Toney (accepted for ‘02). His Dr. Norma Wollner, an eminent Brazilian anthropology of newly emergent for-profit hopes are high that this multi-disciplinary immigrant who is a pediatric oncologist at private schools. study will be a landmark of historical Sloan-Kettering Hospital in New York in The events of 9/11 forced Jerry to ethnography in Amazonia; we’ll let you the volume, Making It in America: A redesign in midstream his Anthropology of know. UF Anthropology

Anita Spring continues researching the opportunities for advanced undergraduate anthropology, forensic anthropology, and new generation of African entrepreneurs in students under the mentoring of UF faculty. traditional ethnographic field methods to the global market. This is a six-country Students are awarded a $2500 stipend and understand the role of death and cultural study in collaboration with Barbara present the results of their research at a attitudes toward death in Yucatecan McDade, Department of Geography, that symposium and in the on-line culture. Cris will also explore human compares African entrepreneurial methods undergraduate research journal. attitudes towards death. The mentoring to other parts of the world and examines relationship with Allan Burns and various African business connections with the Erica Chambers will conduct a non- resources in the Yucatan will assure the United States and Florida. destructive paleodietary study of human success of this research. Anita participated in the Trade Mission skeletal remains dating to the Florida by the State of Florida to South Africa that Archaic, a period of hunter-gatherer Students in Diaspora Studies was led by the Lieutenant Governor. In lifestyle dating to over 5,000 years ago. Tracey Graham, Student Liaison, Zora Uganda and Kenya, Anita interviewed This research is strongly interdisciplinary Neale Hurston Diaspora Studies Research most of the members of the Enterprise in nature with collaboration with labs in Network chapters, about 20 percent of Physics and Geology. The project will In February the Zora Neale Hurston which are women. In an effort to serve as a pilot study for this methodology Diaspora Studies Program distinguish the new generation hosted its 1st Annual Diaspora entrepreneurs from large-scale Stepping Out Circle, which was open to traders, she also interviewed students and faculty members. women and men wholesalers and David Daegling usually spends his research time in the lab This was an opportunity for large-scale vendors. bending and twisting bones, trying to figure out how the everyone to share in their The types of medium- and skeleton adapts to the various stresses it encounters during life. research interest, as well as large-scale businesses that new But when he can find the time, he’s not averse to getting to the build upon a sense of generation men and women bottom of a good monster story of anthropological interest. His community within the operate may be standard latest effort on that front is an article in the most recent issue of department. As Dawn Banks manufacturing and sales Skeptical Inquirer (Vol. 16, No. 2) debunking what is argued stated, “I really enjoyed myself. companies, but are more likely to to be the best footprint evidence for Bigfoot ever found. Many The Diaspora Circle gave me a include banking, consultancy bigfoot enthusiasts and a handful of scientists believe these stronger connection with services, tourism, publishing and footprints are authentic because they betray a kind of skeletal individuals who are studying the information technology. Virtually malformation in one of the printmaker’s feet. Daegling Diaspora.” all new generation business suggests that the source for these prints, rather than an Several graduate students people use global methods of undiscovered giant ape, was probably the medical literature on presented interesting papers for communication (cell phones, fax pediatric orthopedics: enlargements of children’s clubfoot the department's Zora Neale and emails, websites). deformities bear a striking resemblance to the allegedly Hurston Diaspora Spring This research moves beyond crippled sasquatch, and were accessible to a would-be hoaxer Seminar Series. Janie Johnson market traders and traditional when the tracks first appeared in 1969. Daegling teaches a presented a paper titled Rodeo African industries to study the course on the pervasiveness and persistence of pseudoscientific and Performing Black Identity, “new” African entrepreneurs who theories in anthropology called “Fantastic Anthropology and and Ed Shaw presented use global methods of operation Fringe Science.” In this graduate seminar, students hone their Creative Visual Expressions and form national and critical skills and attempt to uncover logical and scientific within Diaspora Studies. international associations and fallacies underlying crank theories that often dominate the Antoinette Jackson and Tracey networks. Future research with headlines. Graham will be presenting Christopher McCarty will focus papers at the Zora Neal Hurston on network analysis of the membership. in examining human paleodiet through Society this May in Baltimore. Finally, the focus on business and trace element analysis. This research is Students are also creating a Zora Neale agricultural commercialization has led to original and may have significant results Hurston Diaspora website, under the the development of a new seminar on for future studies in human archaeological coordination of Alana Lynch. "Culture and International Business," dietary studies. Erica's faculty mentor, This summer UF students are taught by Anita this spring term with Roy John Krigbaum, has an active research collaborating with the Gainesville Crum in the College of Business. program in paleodietary studies. community by presenting a Zora Neale rd th Cris Crookshanks will study the role of Hurston display for the 23 Annual 5 ancestor veneration in the mortuary Avenue Arts Festival, May 18-19. Finally, University Scholars 2002-03 practices of modern Yucatecan Maya and Diaspora students are hosting a radio talk Mexican populations in Merida, Yucatan. show on WRUF that will highlight Zora Two UF undergraduate students were This project will be conducted as part of a Neal Hurston’s contributions to the field of named University Scholar for 2002-2003. study abroad program in theYucatan. Anthropology. The Diaspora Students are The Scholars program provides research Cris's study will involve visual on the move. Newsletter - Spring 2002 - Page 9

Marvin Harris, 1927-2201 languages, including French, Portuguese, Anthropological Association. He also Italian, Spanish, Polish, Norwegian, served as president of the Association’s Finnish, Korean, Hebrew, Japanese, General Anthropology Division. Marvin Marvin Harris, among the foremost Chinese and Malaysian. Harris is survived by his wife, Madeline anthropological theoreticians in the world, His field research carried him to four Harris, who lives in Gainesville, and his died from complications after hip surgery continents. In Brazil, Mozambique, India, daughter, Susan Harris who lives in the on October 25, 2001 in Gainesville, and the U.S. Harris investigated racial San Francisco area. Florida, at age 74. From 1980 until his categories, forced labor, the economic Maxine L. Margolis retirement in 2000, he was Graduate importance of sacred cows, the Research Professor of Anthropology at the significance of food taboos and the causes University of Florida in Gainesville. of warfare, among other topics. Born in Brooklyn, New York in 1927, Marvin Harris Memorial Having earned an early reputation for Harris received his undergraduate and combativeness in defense of his graduate training at Columbia A memorial program celebrating the life theoretical and work of Marvin Harris, Graduate University where he earned his principles, Harris Ph.D. in 1953. He taught at Research Professor Emeritus of mellowed after Anthropology and Latin American Columbia from 1953 until 1980 arriving at the and served a three-year term as Studies at the University of Florida was University of held on Wednesday, January 30, 2002 chair of the Department of Florida. Both Anthropology. at the Keene Faculty Lounge in Dauer there and at Hall on the University of Florida Harris is best known as the Columbia he was originator of cultural campus. Memories of Marvin’s life and a major force in work were shared by his colleagues, materialism, a major theoretical training students paradigm and research strategy students and friends during the in the science of memorial program. Speakers included which has the goal of providing anthropology. causal explanations for faculty from the University of Florida, His popular Russell Bernard, Allan Burns, Jerry differences and similarities in theory courses cultural behavior among human Milanich, Helen Safa, Murdo MacLeod, were filled with John Moore, Jerry Murray, Mike populations around the world. hard-driving Cultural patterns are understood as Heckenberger, Paul Magnarella and Jim debates and students who found his Stansbury. Remarks written by George deriving from the practical problems of critical style invigorating. human existence. The paradigm, first Armelagos, Emory University; Betty A strong proponent of the four-field Wagley Kottak and Conrad Kottak, introduced in The Rise of Anthropological approach, Harris’s influence was not Theory (1968), awaited its full elaboration University of Michigan; and Niles limited to cultural anthropology. As David Eldridge, American Museum of Natural and defense in his subsequent book, Hearst Thomas has noted, “roughly half of Cultural Materialism: The Struggle for a History, were also read. Assorted E- the practicing American archaeologists Mails from Marvin’s friends and Science of Culture (1979). Both volumes consider themselves to be cultural were re-issued in 2001. colleagues were read by Maxine L. materialists to one degree or another.” As Margolis who organized the event along The application of his theoretical a result of the forcefulness of his ideas principles is found in his popular books with Anita Spring. elaborated in his many publications, written in a clear accessible style for a Marvin Harris’s theoretical paradigm has general audience—Cows, Pigs, Wars and become one of the best known in Announcing the Marvin Harris Witches (1974), Cannibals and Kings contemporary social science. Lecture Fund (1977), America Now (orig. 1981), Good For many years Marvin and his wife To Eat (1985), and Our Kind (1989). In Madeline summered on the Maine coast The Department of Anthropology at the all of them Harris provides scientific on Great Cranberry Island. Guests at their University of Florida is establishing an explanations for what he calls “the riddles home were treated to memorable dinners, endowed Marvin Harris Lecture Fund, of culture,” an approach that made him day-long fishing trips, and sunset cocktail which will be used to bring both highly influential and controversial. cruises aboard the Maddy Sue, Marvin’s distinguished scholars in the discipline Harris also wrote two widely used 36-foot antique “lobster yacht” built in to campus to present a public lecture. introductory textbooks that have gone 1932. His theoretical adversaries would Please send your contributions to the through several editions each, Culture, have had a difficult time deconstructing Marvin Harris Lecture Fund-University People and Nature (1997) and Cultural Marvin’s penchant for sea chanties, of Florida Foundation, Department of Anthropology (2000, with Orna Johnson ) freshly-caught fish, and the waters off Anthropology, PO Box 117305, Here too, a cultural materialist paradigm Mount Desert Island. University of Florida, Gainesville, consistently informs the traditional topics In recognition of his academic Florida 32611 covered in introductory texts. achievements, Harris gave the 1990 In all, Harris published seventeen books Distinguished Lecture at the annual collectively translated into fourteen meetings of the American UF Anthropology

Florida Museum of for information on tours and programs. Bill Marquardt (Box 117800, Gaines- Archaeologist/ ethnohistorian John E. ville, FL 32611) while supplies last. Natural History Worth has been hired to manage research A new permanent exhibit in the Hall of and public programs at the RRC. A native South Florida People and Environments in Kitty F. Emery (Ph.D. Cornell 1997) has of Georgia, John completed his Ph.D. at UF's Powell Hall will open to the public recently joined the FLMNH as the new the University of Florida in 1992, and has on October 5, 2002. Five years in Curator of Environmental Archaeology written three books and many articles on construction, the 6000-square-foot exhibit (replacing Elizabeth Wing, now Curator the Indians of Florida and Georgia. He has features a walk-through mangrove forest; Emeritus). Emery is an environmental a decade of experience in public a natural-habitats study center; a larger- archaeologist with a technical speciality in archaeology and education at the than-life underwater walk-through zooarchaeology, and her geographic focus Fernbank Museum in Atlanta and exhibit; a gallery about southwest is in the Maya world of Mesoamerica. Coosawattee Foundation. His RRC duties Florida's 6,000-year fishing heritage; an involve managing and coordinating the outdoor mound and village display; a development of the Center's public- palm-thatched building featuring the education programs and facilities. Calusa leader Carlos and his advisors; a The Maple Hill Foundation has gallery showcasing some of the most granted the RRC up to $230,000 in interesting objects in our collections from operating expenses over the next five South Florida; and a gallery on South years while we make a concerted effort to Florida Indian people today — the build our endowment fund to its minimal Seminole and Miccosukee. goal of $1,300,000. Once the RRC endowment is established, it will provide dependable annual income for future Susan Milbrath is currently researching Recent research projects include teaching, research, and public programs. the Late Postclassic Maya site of zooarchaeological analyses of elite and Mayapan, working with Carlos Peraza of rural assemblages from the sites of the Instituto Nacional de Antropologia e Aguacatal (Yucatan), Aguateca, Nakbe, Menéndez’s St. Augustine El Mirador, and Piedras Negras (Guatemalan Peten), Urias (Guatemalan highlands), and Copan (Honduras), as Excavations are underway at the Pedro well as a broader study of the economic Menéndez fort and campsites in St. parameters of Classic Maya natural Augustine, under the direction of faculty UF Anthropology graduate students John resource use at Motul de San Jose member Kathleen Deagan and the field Schultz and Al Woods earlier this year. (Guatemala) combining soil science, supervision of Anthropology graduate The anomalies are thought to represent archaeobotany, and zooarchaeology. students Al Woods and large Deb Mullins. The 2002 structural season of the ongoing features Menéndez project is representing Thanks to a lead grant from the Stans taking place at the the Timucua Foundation, the Randell Research Fountain of Youth Park Indian council Center (RRC) will build a teaching tourist attraction in St. house that was pavilion, walkways, and public restrooms Augustine, where the commandeere at the Pineland site, near Fort Myers in original settlement of St. d by southwest Florida in 2002. The RRC is a Augustine was Menéndez in research and education program of the established in 1565-66. 1565, and Florida Museum of Natural History. In Excavations in previous refurbished as 2001, Lee County purchased the historic years have uncovered the remnants of the first Spanish fort in Florida. The work Ruby Gill House, which has been leased palm thatch, barracks-like buildings that is funded by the St. Augustine to the Museum for use as RRC housed Spanish colonists, as well as barrel Foundation, Inc., the Florida Department headquarters. For the first time, the RRC wells, trash pits, a defensive ditch, a lime of State Historic Preservation Grants in has its own office, meeting rooms, labs, kiln and more than 50,000 artifacts. The Aid program, and the Florida Museum of and work areas right at the Pineland site. 2002 excavations are designed to test Natural History. Excavations take place We are at 7450 Pineland Road, next to the ground penetrating radar anomalies Wednesday through Saturday each week Pineland post office. We invite you to located by through April. Both visitors and come and see the on into the future. Calusa News no. 10 volunteers are welcomed. For more RRC's new home Calusa News no. 10 was published in information, log on to whenever you can. November, 2001, and is available from www.flmnh.ufl.edu/histarch. Phone 941-283-2062 Newsletter - Spring 2002 - Page 11

Historia, Merida, Yucatan. Recent Campbell each won a Tinker Summer excavations have revealed a number of KUDOS Field Award from UF’s Center for Latin very unusual murals and reliefs, indicating American Studies….Ade Ofunniyin contact with Central Mexico. She is also Last fall Susan Boinski was named a received a Auzene Fellowship…Kathleen collaborating with Anthony F. Aveni on Jean and Robin Gibson Term Professor in Ragsdale was granted a National an archaeoastornomy project at Mayapan, recognition of her Research Service Award for HIV which has resulted in some interesting outstanding research Prevention….Phoebe Stubblefield overlaps with the site of Chichen Itza. In and teaching received a 2001-2002 Ford Foundation her role as Curator of Latin American Art contributions to UF. Fellowship…. Dawn Banks received a and Archaeology at the Florida Museum Bo has studied fellowship from the Japan Foundation for of Natural History, she is also working primates in Costa ethnographic work last summer in Japan with Beth Boyd, a graduate student in Rica, Peru, Argentina, and a grant from a private donor to anthropology, on an and Brazil, and is in represent the International Research online data base of the museum's the midst of a long- Foundation for Development at the 2001 Precolumbian collection. And she is term study on the United Nations World Conference working on an anthropology related behavioral ecology of the eight species of Against Racism in South Africa….John project with another graduate student in Neotropical monkeys at Raleighvallen, a Schultz won first place for the Social the Museum Studies program, Sandie research site in the interior of Suriname in Sciences in the Graduate Student Starr, who will curate an exhibit on the South America….Brenda Chalfin was Council's Student Forum….Tracy museum's Pearsall collection of North one of 15 scholars from the US and Swilley was one a small number of American Indian art and artifacts. abroad invited to be a member of the students nationwide accepted to the 2002 School of Social Science at the Institute NSF-sponsored University of Arizona for Advanced Study in Princeton for the Archaeological Field School…. The 2002 Jerald T. Milanich, curator in 2002-2003 academic year. The theme for Patricia Essenpreis Award went to archaeology at the Florida Museum of the School's program is “Corruption” and Katherine Littig… Amanda Rosecrans Natural History and professor of Brenda will be in residence in Princeton received the 2002 Brendan O'Sullivan anthropology, is continuing his long-term to work on a book tentatively titled Award for Outstanding Undergraduate… study of the Franciscan missions of Subversion, Sovereignty and State the College recognized Terry Weik for Spanish Florida and their impact on the Survival: Working the Border in Ghana Outstanding Graduate Research; native peoples. Along with Lawrence based on her ethnographic study of the Antoinette Jackson for Outstanding Aten of the National Park Service, he also Ghana Customs Service….Marianne Public Service; and Tracey Graham for is carrying out research on Clarence B. Schmink was awarded a CLAS Promoting Excellence in Service…. Moore, a turn of the century Advising/Mentoring Award for 2001- Roberto Porro was recognized by UF's archaeologist, who excavated literally 2002. Congratulations Marianne….Ann International Center as an Outstanding thousands of sites in the Southeast United H. Ross, post-doc at the C.A. Pound International Student….recipients of 2002 States. Many of the basic taxonomic Human Identification Laboratory, Charles H. Fairbanks Awards for culture units used by archaeologists in the received the first-ever Ellis R. Kerley dissertation research include Keith H. Southeast today derive from Moore’s Award for her paper Population Specific Ashley for Interaction, Migration, and work. Publishing endeavors include Identification Criteria for Cuban Politics: The Changing Social Landscape writing a number of popular articles for Americans in South Florida, which was of Northern Florida and Southern Archaeology magazine. In addition to presented at the American Academy of Georgia; Bradley E. Ensor's for serving as general editor for two Forensic Sciences meeting in Atlanta. research on political developments within University Press of Florida book series, the Chontalpa region of Tabasco, México; Milanich is helping to edit the Southeast Student Awards C. Andrew Hemmings for research on Paleoindian diet and technological volume of the Smithsonian Institution’s Fred Smith won the Jay I. Kislak Prize organization; and Sharyn Jones O'Day's Handbook of North American Indians. for papers in Caribbean Studies….Alex for Ethnoarchaeology of Food, Hierarchy, Rodlach received a David Niddrie Award and Gender Roles in the Lau Islands, from UF’s Center for African Studies….J. Fiji… John Goggin Award winners for Hale Gallardo and Kendall Campbell Become a Friend of 2002 include Nanette Barkey, David were recipients of a Polly and Paul Kennedy, Noemi Miyasaka Porro, Anthropology Doughty Awards….Suzanne Abel Mercedes Prieto, Kathleen Ragsdale, received a William R. Maples Scholar- Samantha Stone, Phoebe Stubblefield, Your financial gifts to the Department ship…. Roos Willems was granted a Rod Stubina, and Richard Wallace…. of Anthropology support scholarships, Wenner-Gren Doctoral Research Award Ruth McQuown scholarships were student travel, lecture series, and so for fieldwork in Tanzania…. Santiago awarded this year to graduate student much more. Please see insert in this Ruiz, Brad Ensor, Amber Yoder Shuala Martin and undergraduate Laia issue for details on giving. Thank Wutich, J. Hale Gallardo and Kendall Mitchell. you! Newsletter - Spring 2002 - Page 12

Students explore the world of the Maya in Yucatan

The Yucatan exchange program, now in its 18th year, had a lively and enthusiastic group of students this past summer. The program is now part of the BEST teacher training program in the college of education and gives bilingual and ESL teachers a chance to live and understand another society. The six weeks of the program gave students a chance to explore Chiapas, snorkel on the reefs off of Cozumel, and explore new archaeology sites with University of Yucatan faculty. The home page projects students did this year included studies of graffiti in Merida, the informal economy, ethnomedicine, and education. Program directors Mark Brenner (LUECI) and Allan Burns are expanding the program to include veterinary medicine, dentistry, and medical students.

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