The Archaeology of Maritime Adaptations
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Bioarchaeology (Anthropological Archaeology) - Mario ŠLAUS
PHYSICAL (BIOLOGICAL) ANTHROPOLOGY - Bioarchaeology (Anthropological Archaeology) - Mario ŠLAUS BIOARCHAEOLOGY (ANTHROPOLOGICAL ARCHAEOLOGY) Mario ŠLAUS Department of Archaeology, Croatian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Zagreb, Croatia. Keywords: Bioarchaeology, archaeological, forensic, antemortem, post-mortem, perimortem, traumas, Cribra orbitalia, Harris lines, Tuberculosis, Leprosy, Treponematosis, Trauma analysis, Accidental trauma, Intentional trauma, Osteological, Degenerative disease, Habitual activities, Osteoarthritis, Schmorl’s nodes, Tooth wear Contents 1. Introduction 1.1. Definition of Bioarchaeology 1.2. History of Bioarchaeology 2. Analysis of Skeletal Remains 2.1. Excavation and Recovery 2.2. Human / Non-Human Remains 2.3. Archaeological / Forensic Remains 2.4. Differentiating between Antemortem/Postmortem/Perimortem Traumas 2.5. Determination of Sex 2.6. Determination of Age at Death 2.6.1. Age Determination in Subadults 2.6.2. Age Determination in Adults. 3. Skeletal and dental markers of stress 3.1. Linear Enamel Hypoplasia 3.2. Cribra Orbitalia 3.3. Harris Lines 4. Analyses of dental remains 4.1. Caries 4.2. Alveolar Bone Disease and Antemortem Tooth Loss 5. Infectious disease 5.1. Non–specific Infectious Diseases 5.2. Specific Infectious Disease 5.2.1. Tuberculosis 5.2.2. Leprosy 5.2.3. TreponematosisUNESCO – EOLSS 6. Trauma analysis 6.1. Accidental SAMPLETrauma CHAPTERS 6.2. Intentional Trauma 7. Osteological and dental evidence of degenerative disease and habitual activities 7.1. Osteoarthritis 7.2. Schmorl’s Nodes 7.3. Tooth Wear Caused by Habitual Activities 8. Conclusion Glossary Bibliography Biographical Sketch ©Encyclopedia of Life Support Systems (EOLSS) PHYSICAL (BIOLOGICAL) ANTHROPOLOGY - Bioarchaeology (Anthropological Archaeology) - Mario ŠLAUS 1. Introduction 1.1. Definition of Bioarchaeology Bioarchaeology is the study of human biological remains within their cultural (archaeological) context. -
Fall Quarter 2018 Class Schedule
FALL QUARTER 2018 CLASS SCHEDULE COURSE NUMBER COURSE TITLE SPECIAL TOPIC (IF APPLICABLE) INSTRUCTOR Core Course Archaeology M201A Graduate Core Seminar Monica Smith Archaeology C220 Archaeology of Death John Papadopoulos Anthropology 219 Selected Topics in Anthropological/Archaeological Theory Issues in Indigenous Archaeology Stephen Acabado Ancient Near East 260 Seminar: Ancient Near Eastern Archaeology Elizabeth Carter Ancient Near East 261 Practical Field Archaeology Archaeological Fieldwork (Ethiopia) Willeke Wendrich Graduate Art and Architecture of Ancient Egypt, Predynastic Period to Ancient Near East C267A Kara Cooney Seminars New Kingdom Art History C216A Middle Byzantine Art & Architecture Sharon Gerstel Art History C248A Art and Material Culture, Neolithic to 210 B.C. Art & Material Culture of Early China Lothar von Falkenhausen Art History C249A Selected Topics in Chinese Art Lothar von Falkenhausen Classics 245 Computing and Classics Chris Johanson Classics 250 Topics in Greek and Roman Culture and Literature Women's History Amy Richlin Archaeology M205A Selected Laboratory Topics in Archaeology Experimental Archaeology Tom Wake Conservation M210L Cultural Materials Science Laboratory: Technical Study Ioanna Kakoulli Conservation 231 Conservation Laboratory: Stone and Adobe Christian Fischer Conservation 238 Conservation Laboratory: Organic Materials II Ellen Pearlstein Lab Courses Conservation Laboratory: Rock Art, Wall Paintings, and Conservation M250 Ioanna Kakoulli Mosaics Structure, Properties, and Deterioration of -
A New Archaeology W Iny the New Deal
NEW DEAL ARCHAEOLOGY A NEWW ARCHAEOLOGYY IN THE NEWW DEAL THE RISE OF HISTORICAL ARCHAEOLOGYY IN THE 1930S Benjamin C. Pykles Benjamin C. Pykles is ann Assistantt Professorr inn thee Departmentt off Anthropologyy att the State University off New York att Potsdam. istorical archaeology—the archaeologyy off the Mod- only standing architectural ern World (approximately the last 500 years off remains from the seven- Hhuman history)—has its disciplinaryy roots in the teenth century. It was not historic preservation movementt off the United States during until 1934, however, when the late nineteenth and earlyy twentieth centuries (Pykles the National Park Service 2008). Historical archaeology’s true institutional beginnings, (NPS) secured possession of however, are tied to the federally sponsored archaeologyy proj- the main portion of ects conducted under the auspices off the Neww Deal pro- Jamestown Island, that a grams off the 1930s. Chieff among those projects in terms of large-scale archaeological the developmentt off historical archaeology in the United program at the site was insti- States were the 1934–1941 excavations at Jamestown, Vir- tuted, relying on the labor of ginia, directed byy J. C. Harrington (Figure 1). During this young African-American critical time in the historyy off the field, Harrington estab- men enrolled in the Civilian lished some off the fundamental methods and practices used Conservation Corps (CCC). Figuree 1. Jeann Carll Harrington by historical archaeologists todayy and did much to promote Because there were few, iff any, (1901-1998), the “founding and legitimize the emerging discipline. As a resultt off these professionally trained archae- ffather”” off historicall archaeology efforts, Harrington is widely recognized as the “founding ologists with any experience, in the Unitedd States. -
MAX D. PRICE EDUCATION Ph.D. 2016 Harvard University
MAX D. PRICE Massachusetts Institute of Technology Department of Materials Science and Engineering 77 Massachusetts Avenue Cambridge, MA 02139 Email: [email protected] EDUCATION Ph.D. 2016 Harvard University Department of Anthropology, Dissertation Title: Pigs and Power: Pig Husbandry in Northern Mesopotamia during the Emergence of Social Complexity (6500-2000 BC) B.A. 2009 The University of Chicago Department of Anthropology (with honors) ACADEMIC POSITIONS 2017-Present Lecturer in Archaeology, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, MIT 2017 Postdoctoral Researcher (Wissenschaftlicher Mitarbeiter), Graduate School “Human Development in Landscapes,” Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel 2016-2017 Postdoctoral Fellow, Peabody Museum & Department of Anthropology, Harvard University RESEARCH INTERESTS Animal Domestication; Human-Environment Interaction; Foodways; Social Inequality; Near Eastern Archaeology; Stable Isotope Ecology; Zooarchaeology BOOKS In Press Evolution of a Taboo: Pigs and People in the Ancient Near East. Oxford University Press (expected date of publication: March 2020). PEER-REVIEWED PUBLICATIONS In Review Price, M. D., Y. M. Rowan, M. Kersel, and C. Makarewicz. "Cattle in the Ghor and Grain-Eating Boar: Isotopic Perspectives on Animal Husbandry at Chalcolithic Marj Rabba" Submitted to Anthropological and Archaeological Sciences August 2019. In Press Price, M. D. “Pigs in Between: Pig Husbandry in the Late Neolithic in Northern Mesopotamia.” Archaeozoology of the Near East XII. Lockwood Press. In Press Price, M. D. and H. Hongo. “The Archaeology of Pig Domestication: Methods, Models, and Case Studies.” Journal of Archaeological Research. Accepted March 2019. 2019 Frantz, L. A. F., J. Haile, A. T. Lin, A. Scheu, C. Geörg, N. Benecke, M. Alexander, A. Linderholm, V. E. Mullin, K. -
The Role of Zooarchaeology in the Interpretation of Socioeconomic Status: a Discussion with Reference to Medieval Europe
This is a repository copy of The role of zooarchaeology in the interpretation of socioeconomic status: a discussion with reference to Medieval Europe. White Rose Research Online URL for this paper: https://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/11094/ Article: Ashby, S.P. orcid.org/0000-0003-1420-2108 (2002) The role of zooarchaeology in the interpretation of socioeconomic status: a discussion with reference to Medieval Europe. Archaeological Review from Cambridge. pp. 37-59. Reuse Items deposited in White Rose Research Online are protected by copyright, with all rights reserved unless indicated otherwise. They may be downloaded and/or printed for private study, or other acts as permitted by national copyright laws. The publisher or other rights holders may allow further reproduction and re-use of the full text version. This is indicated by the licence information on the White Rose Research Online record for the item. Takedown If you consider content in White Rose Research Online to be in breach of UK law, please notify us by emailing [email protected] including the URL of the record and the reason for the withdrawal request. [email protected] https://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/ The Role of Zooarchaeology in the Interpretation of Socioeconomic Status: A Discussion with Reference to Medieval Europe Steven P. Ashby Department of Archaeology, University of York Introduction Social inequality is ubiquitous in human society, and the concept of social standing has been of fundamental importance throughout time (Price and Feinman 1995). The inference of social status has encountered problems in many areas of archaeology (see Orser 1990; Grenville 1997), and the use of zooarchaeology as part of an integrated approach may contribute to our understanding of important issues (Crabtree 1990). -
Methodological Issues in Zooarchaeology
Methodological Issues in Zooarchaeology Tanya M. Peres The main goal of zooarchaeology, as a specialty within archaeology, is to interpret human and environment interactions based primarily on the animal remains recov- ered from archaeological sites. This chapter is not meant to be a comprehensive text on zooarchaeology; rather it is a guide to some of the analytical methods and ter- minology that are used commonly by practitioners of zooarchaeology. While each researcher has her/his own way of analyzing and interpreting animal remains, some methods, terms, and analytical tools are considered standard. The purpose of this chapter is to give the reader an overview of basic methodological issues and appli- cations within zooarchaeology. I acknowledge that not all the faunal remains recov- ered from archaeological sites are related to subsistence activities; however, as the chapters included in this volume are centered on discerning subsistence behaviors through the integration of multiple datasets, I focus more on subsistence practices here. This chapter addresses taphonomic and recovery issues as well as sampling and analytical methods to enable the reader to understand the case studies included in this volume (for a similar treatment of paleoethnobotanical remains, see Wright, this volume). 1 Why Study Zooarchaeology? Animal remains can be used to inform us about a variety of issues in the study of societies, such as environment, seasonality, subsistence, hunting practices, political and social organization, settlement patterns, and resource-use. As a discipline, zoo- archaeology has grown exponentially over the past three decades to include special- ists working in dozens of countries on all aspects and time periods of human history (Hesse and Wapnish 1985). -
Virtual Zooarchaeology: Building a Web-Based Reference Collection of Northern Vertebrates for Archaeofaunal Research and Education
Journal of Archaeological Science 38 (2011) 755e762 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Journal of Archaeological Science journal homepage: http://www.elsevier.com/locate/jas Virtual zooarchaeology: building a web-based reference collection of northern vertebrates for archaeofaunal research and education Matthew W. Betts a,*, Herbert D.G. Maschner b, Corey D. Schou c, Robert Schlader d, Jonathan Holmes e, Nicholas Clement d, Michael Smuin e a Archaeology and History Division, Canadian Museum of Civilization, Gatineau, PQ K1A 0M8, Canada b Department of Anthropology, Center for Archaeology, Materials, and Applied Spectroscopy, Idaho Museum of Natural History, Idaho State University, Pocatello ID, USA c College of Business, Informatics Research Institute, Idaho State University, Pocatello ID, USA d Idaho Virtualization Laboratory, Center for Archaeology, Materials, and Applied Spectroscopy, Idaho State University, Pocatello ID, USA e Informatics Research Institute, Idaho State University, Pocatello ID, USA article info abstract Article history: Osteological reference collections are a crucial tool in archaeofaunal analysis, but few are comprehensive; Received 13 April 2010 most lack a broad range of taxa or multiple individuals per taxon. This problem is especially prominent in Received in revised form arctic zooarchaeology, where difficulty in obtaining, transporting, and processing northern taxa has led 19 June 2010 to a dearth of appropriate reference collections. The Virtual Zooarchaeology of the Arctic Project, or VZAP, Accepted 21 June 2010 seeks to develop a comprehensive virtual comparative assemblage for the skeletons of northern verte- brates. VZAP (http://vzap.iri.isu.edu) is designed to assist with identifications in the lab or field and Keywords: provides significant educational value, for both classroom demonstration and personal consultation. -
The Use of Ethnoarchaeology for the Archaeological Study of Ceramic
The Use of Ethnoarchaeology for the Archaeological Study of Ceramic Production Author(s): Cathy Lynne Costin Reviewed work(s): Source: Journal of Archaeological Method and Theory, Vol. 7, No. 4 (Dec., 2000), pp. 377-403 Published by: Springer Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/20177427 . Accessed: 15/01/2012 10:54 Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of the Terms & Conditions of Use, available at . http://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jsp JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact [email protected]. Springer is collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend access to Journal of Archaeological Method and Theory. http://www.jstor.org Journal of Archaeological Method and Theory, Vol. 7, No. 4, 2000 The Use of Ethnoarchaeology for the Archaeological Study of Ceramic Production Cathy Lynne Costin1 Ethnoarchaeological studies have longed served as a critical source of hypothe ses, comparative data, and explanatory frameworks for archaeologists interested in describing and explaining ceramic production. In this paper, I lay out the cen tral questions addressed by archaeologists studying craft production, discuss how ethnoarchaeology has contributed to our understanding of ancient production systems, and suggest avenues of further research that can benefit archaeological investigation of the organization of ceramic production. KEY WORDS: production; specialization; ceramics; potters; crafts. INTRODUCTION The explicitly stated goal of ethnoarchaeology is to provide ethnographic data and explications of those data that are of direct relevance to the interpretation of archaeological materials and tomodel-building in archaeological practice (cf. -
Ethnoarchaeology
UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA SYLLABUS ANT 4193/ANG 6185: ETHNOARCHAEOLOGY Professor Peter Schmidt Spring Semester 2014-15 Grinter 441 Dept. Anthropology Office hours: Tues 1-2:30 [email protected] by appt. Wed. afternoon, 4-5 This course examines the theoretical and methodological foundations as well as the practice of ethnoarchaeology. The course begins with an examination of the processes of reasoning used in ethnoarchaeological approaches, with a particularly emphasis on analogy and middle range “theory.” It then considers theoretical issues surrounding concepts of time, and finally takes up a variety of case studies that illustrate how ethnoarchaeology has been and is being employed for interpretative problem solving. A practical, pragmatic perspective will be employed during the second half of the course, when students will be engaged in field exercises that employ the principles of ethnoarchaeology. As archaeologists have come to realize their interpretative limitations, ethnoarchaeology has become an increasingly important part of the sub-discipline. Yet, one of the problems facing ethnoarchaeology has been its relative isolation from cultural theory in anthropology and it failure to grapple with methodological issues that have long faced ethnographers. This course will critically examine taken-for-granted assumptions about time that pervade the practice of ethnoarchaeology and explore some of the innovative approaches that depart from the mainstream archaeology. An historical view is used in the course, with some of the classic writings on ethnoarchaeology forming an important part of the readings, as it is important to understand the genesis of thinking about ethnoarchaeology along with its many changing perspectives over the years. A broad range of topics are to be covered. -
14 the Role of Ethnoarchaeology and Experimental Archaeology in the Study of Ceramics
14 The Role of Ethnoarchaeology and Experimental Archaeology in the Study of Ceramics As we have already seen, the classification of ceramics and, as will be seen shortly, the interpretation of the materials, techniques, chaînes opératoires and technological features of the pottery, are often carried out through ways of understanding the material culture that are typical of the western world. We must consider that the research itself involves a close connection between archaeologists and the patterns they observe in the artefacts. Thus, the possibility that the several relationships established by archaeologists among the material culture may be far from the behaviours and motivations existing in the past should be assessed. The reason is that the whole research process is conditioned by the theoretical, scientific and social context in which the researchers are placed. Ultimately, researchers themselves are responsible regarding the significance given to the connections established between pottery technology and individuals (Van der Leeuw, 1984). In this sense, positivist positions based on numerical data have generally considered that there is a wide gap between researchers and their object of study. Moreover, this perspective, significantly present in ceramic Archaeometry, understands the materiality as something static, stable and unchanging that can be objectively approached. This objective assessment is performed through the use of techniques and methods from the natural sciences, which are applied in order to achieve quantitative data about certain variables that characterise the objects (Dobres and Hoffman, 1994). Nevertheless, the use of quantitative data does not exclude the possibility of undertaking ethnocentric interpretations based on our own way of understanding nature or efficiency, among other many aspects (Jones, 2002). -
Archaeology: the Key Concepts Is the Ideal Reference Guide for Students, Teachers and Anyone with an Interest in Archaeology
ARCHAEOLOGY: THE KEY CONCEPTS This invaluable resource provides an up-to-date and comprehensive survey of key ideas in archaeology and their impact on archaeological thinking and method. Featuring over fifty detailed entries by international experts, the book offers definitions of key terms, explaining their origin and development. Entries also feature guides to further reading and extensive cross-referencing. Subjects covered include: ● Thinking about landscape ● Cultural evolution ● Social archaeology ● Gender archaeology ● Experimental archaeology ● Archaeology of cult and religion ● Concepts of time ● The Antiquity of Man ● Feminist archaeology ● Multiregional evolution Archaeology: The Key Concepts is the ideal reference guide for students, teachers and anyone with an interest in archaeology. Colin Renfrew is Emeritus Disney Professor of Archaeology and Fellow of the McDonald Institute for Archaeological Research, Cambridge. Paul Bahn is a freelance writer, translator and broadcaster on archaeology. YOU MAY ALSO BE INTERESTED IN THE FOLLOWING ROUTLEDGE STUDENT REFERENCE TITLES: Archaeology: The Basics Clive Gamble Ancient History: Key Themes and Approaches Neville Morley Who’s Who in Ancient Egypt Michael Rice Who’s Who in the Ancient Near East Gwendolyn Leick Who’s Who in the Greek World John Hazel Who’s Who in the Roman World John Hazel ARCHAEOLOGY The Key Concepts Edited by Colin Renfrew and Paul Bahn LONDON AND NEW YORK First published 2005 by Routledge 2 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon OX 14 4RN Simultaneously published in the USA and Canada by Routledge 270 Madison Ave., New York, NY 10016 Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group This edition published in the Taylor & Francis e-Library, 2005. -
Investigation Into the Implications of Zooarchaeological Studies for Climate Reconstruction in the No
SIT Graduate Institute/SIT Study Abroad SIT Digital Collections Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection SIT Study Abroad Fall 2016 Independent Study Project: Investigation into the implications of zooarchaeological studies for climate reconstruction in the North Atlantic; zooarchaeological research at the Agricultural University of Iceland, Reykjavík Hazel Cashman SIT Study Abroad Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcollections.sit.edu/isp_collection Part of the Animal Studies Commons, Eastern European Studies Commons, Human Geography Commons, Nature and Society Relations Commons, Place and Environment Commons, and the Scandinavian Studies Commons Recommended Citation Cashman, Hazel, "Independent Study Project: Investigation into the implications of zooarchaeological studies for climate reconstruction in the North Atlantic; zooarchaeological research at the Agricultural University of Iceland, Reykjavík" (2016). Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection. 2451. https://digitalcollections.sit.edu/isp_collection/2451 This Unpublished Paper is brought to you for free and open access by the SIT Study Abroad at SIT Digital Collections. It has been accepted for inclusion in Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection by an authorized administrator of SIT Digital Collections. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Independent Study Project: Investigation into the implications of zooarchaeological studies for climate reconstruction in the North Atlantic; zooarchaeological research at the Agricultural