41435-013: Tonle Sap Poverty Reduction and Smallholder
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Safeguards Due Diligence Report Project Number: 41435-013: TSSD- ADF (Loan 3570/8331 and Grant 0542)) July 2020 Cambodia: Tonle Sap Poverty Reduction and Smallholder Development Project - Additional Financing Reparation of 5.00 km of Knach Romeas Laterite Road in Bavel District, Battambang Province (TSSD-AF-BTB-NCB-W/RR005-NCDDS) Prepared by PIC of NCDD and MAFF for the Tonle Sap Poverty Reduction – Additional Fund for the Asian Development Bank. This safeguards due diligence report is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB's Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature. In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area. CURRENCY EQUIVALENTS (July 2020) Currency Unit–Cambodian Riel (KHR) 1$=4,150 KHR; KHR=0.000245$ ABBREVIATIONS ADB Asian Development Bank AF Additional Financing AH Affected Household BMC Banteay Meanchey province BTB Battambang province CC Commune Council CDP Commune Development Plan CoI Corridor of Impact DOAENR District Office of Agriculture, Natural Resources and Environment DDR Due Diligence Report DSC Design and Supervision Consultants DRR Disaster Risk Reduction EA Executing Agency EIA Environmental Impact Assessment EIRR Economic Internal Rate of Return EMP Environmental Management Plan ESME External Safeguards Monitoring Entity FWUC Farmer Water User Committee GRC Grievance Redress Mechanism IR Involuntary Resettlement KPC Kampong Cham province KPT Kampong Thom province LIG Livelihood Improvement Group LVRR Low Volume Road Standard MAFF Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries MCA Mobile Commune Access NCDDS National Committee for Sub-national Democratic Development Secretariat O&M Operation and Maintenance PDOWRAM Provincial Department of Water Resources & Meteorology RF Resettlement Framework PST Provincial Support Team PVG Prey Veng province RF Resettlement Framework RoW Right of Way SRP Siem Reap province SSP Special Service Provider SPS Safeguard Policy Statement SSS Social Safeguards Specialist TKM Tbuong Khmum province TSSD Tonle Sap Poverty Reduction and Smallholder Development Project WUG Water User Group WEIGHTS AND MEASURES ha – hectare km – kilometer kW – kilowatt kWh – kilowatt-hour m – meter m2 – square meter m3 – cubic meter mm – millimeter NOTE In this report, "$" refers to US dollars. TABLE OF CONTENTS GLOSSARY ............................................................................................................................................ 1 1. INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................................. 3 1.1 Report objective ...................................................................................................................... 3 2. PROJECT BACKGROUND ............................................................................................................. 3 2.1 Project description ................................................................................................................... 3 2.2 Selection criteria for subprojects ............................................................................................. 4 3. SUBPROJECT DESCRIPTION ...................................................................................................... 4 3.1 Proposed subproject ............................................................................................................... 4 3.2 Screening of subproject based on selection criteria ............................................................... 5 4. SUBPROJECT DESIGN AND LAND REQUIREMENT .................................................................. 8 5. SITE SCREENING PROCESS AND PROCEDURES .................................................................... 8 5.1 Social safeguard screening and assessment ......................................................................... 8 5.2 Socio-economic information .................................................................................................... 9 5.3 Indigenous Peoples ................................................................................................................. 9 5.4 Subproject cut-off date ............................................................................................................ 9 6. INFORMATION DISCLOSURE AND PUBLIC CONSULTATIONS ................................................ 9 7. LEGAL FRAMEWORK .................................................................................................................. 11 7.1 Cambodia Laws and Regulations ......................................................................................... 11 7.2 ADB Policies on Involuntary Resettlement ........................................................................... 11 8. GRIEVANCE REDRESS MECHANISM ....................................................................................... 12 9. VALIDATION BY EXTERNAL SAFEGUARD MONITORING ENTITY ......................................... 12 10. CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS ............................................................................. 13 10.1 Summary of Conclusions ...................................................................................................... 13 10.2 Follow-up Actions and Recommendations ............................................................................ 14 Annex 1: Summary of Socio-economic data Annex 2: Detailed Engineering Design Annex 3: Land Acquisition, Resettlement Impact and Screening Checklist Annex 4: Certification of RoW Annex 5: Summary of minutes of public consultations Annex 6: Description of Cambodian laws, regulations and ADB requirements Annex 7: Details of Grievance Redress Mechanism Annex 8: Project Information Booklet for subproject TSSD-AF Social Safeguards DDR Khnach Romeas laterite road subproject GLOSSARY Beneficiary – all persons and households from the villages who voluntarily seek to avail themselves of, and are part of, the project. Compensation – payment in cash or in kind at the replacement cost of the acquired assets for the project. Cut-off Date – the cut-off date is defined as the date prior to which the occupation or use of the project areas makes residents/users eligible to be categorized as project affected persons. The cut-off date for this Project will be the date of conducting public consultation for each subproject that requires land acquisition with the project-affected persons before conducting inventory of loss (IOL) or the detailed measurement survey (DMS). Displaced persons – refers to all of the people who, on account of the activities listed above, would have their (1) standard of living adversely affected; or (2) right, title, interest in any house, land (including premises, agricultural and grazing land) or any other fixed or movable asset acquired or possessed temporarily or permanently; (3) access to productive assets adversely affected, temporarily or permanently; or (4) business, occupation, work or place of residence or habitat adversely affected; and “displaced person” means any of the displaced persons. Eligible land holders – refers to affected persons who (a) hold title to land; or (b) do not hold title but whose possession of land can be legalized with a title pursuant to the Land Law of Cambodia including those with recognizable rights. Entitlement – range of measures comprising compensation, income restoration support, transfer assistance, income substitution, and relocation support which are due to affected people, depending on the nature of their losses, to restore their economic and social base. The entitlements adopted for TSSD-AF were guided by the applicable national laws, regulations, and ADB SPS. The entitlements may be further revised based on actual status of impact, if applicable, in an updated version of the resettlement framework. Household – means all persons living and eating together as a single social unit. Income restoration – means re-establishing income sources and livelihoods of project-affected households to at least maintain to their pre-project level. Improvements – structures constructed (dwelling unit, fence, waiting sheds, pigpens, utilities, community facilities, stores, warehouses, etc.) and crops/plants planted by the person, household, institution, or organization. Land acquisition – the process whereby a person involuntarily loses ownership, use of, or access to, land as a result of the project. Land acquisition can lead to a range of associated impacts, including loss of residence or other fixed assets (fences, wells, tombs, or other structures or Project Executive Agencies – MAFF and NCDDS. Project Affected Persons (PAPs) – includes any person, households, entity, organizations, firms or private institutions who, on account of changes that result from the project will have their (i) standard of living adversely affected, (ii) right, title, or interest in any house, land (including residential, commercial, agricultural, forest, plantations, grazing, and/organizing land), water resources, fish ponds, communal fishing grounds, annual or perennial crops and trees, or any other moveable or fixed assets acquired, possessed, restricted, or otherwise adversely affected, in full or in part,