Environmental Monitoring Report

Project Number: 41435-013 Semestral Report (January - June 2020) June 2021

Cambodia: Tonle Sap Poverty Reduction and Smallholder Development Project - Additional Financing (TSSD- AF)

Prepared by the Project Implementation Consultants (PIC) of the National Committee for Sub-national Democratic Development Secretariat and the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries for the Asian Development Bank.

CURRENCY EQUIVALENTS (as of July 2020)

Currency Unit - Cambodian Riel (KHR) KHR 1.00 = $0.000245 $ 1.00 = KHR 4,115

NOTE (in this report, “$” refers to US Dollars)

ABBREVIATIONS ADB - Asian Development Bank BMC - Banteay Meanchey BTB - Battambang CARM - Cambodia Resident Mission CC - Commune Council CDP - Commune Development Plan CEMP - Contractor’s Environmental Management Plan DDR - Due Diligence Report DED - Detailed Engineering Design DSC - Design and Supervision Consultants EA - Executing Agency EARF - Environmental Assessment Review Framework ECoC - Environmental Code of Conduct EMP - Environmental Management Plan ESME - External Safeguard Monitoring Entity ESO - Environment Safeguards Officer ESS - Environmental Safeguard Specialist GRF - Group Revolving Fund GRM - Grievance Redress Mechanism IA - Implementing Agency IEE - Initial Environmental Examination IFAD - International Fund for Agricultural Development KPC - Kampong Cham KPT - Kampong Thom LIG - Livelihood Improvement Group MAFF - Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries MIG - Marketing Improvement Group MoE - Ministry of Environment NCDDS - National Committee for Democratic Development PDRD - Provincial Department of Rural Development PDWRAM - Provincial Department of Water Resources and Meteorology PIB - Project Information Booklet PIC - Project Implementation Consultants PMU - Project Management Unit PPMA - Provincial Project Management Adviser PSG - Paddy Selling Group PST - Provincial Support Team SEMR - Semi-Annual Environment Monitoring Report SRP - Siem Reap PVG - Prey Veng SPS - Safeguard Policy Statement ToR - Terms of Reference TKM - Tbuong Khmum

This environmental monitoring report is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB's Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature.

In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1 INTRODUCTION ...... 1 1.1 Background ...... 1 1.2 Project organizational structure...... 2 1.3 Purpose of report ...... 3 1.4 Report format ...... 3 1.5 Report Preparation ...... 3 2 PROCEDURES FOR ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT OF SUBPROJECTS ...... 3 3 IMPLEMENTATION OF THE ECoC, EMP AND MONITORING PLAN ...... 4 3.1 ECoC, EMP and Monitoring Plan objectives ...... 4 4 ENVIRONMENTAL SAFEGUARDS SUMMARY ...... 4 4.1 Summary of Project Progress ...... 4 4.2 Summary of ECoC and EMP implementation ...... 5 4.3 Summary of ECoC/EMP monitoring ...... 5 4.4 Summary of complaints, issues and corrective actions ...... 5 4.5 Environmental Management and Monitoring Records and Reporting ...... 6 5 ENVIRONMENTAL SAFEGUARDS STAFF, TRAINING AND DOCUMENTATION ...... 7 5.1 Implementation arrangements ...... 7 5.2 Training and capacity building...... 8 5.3 ADB approvals ...... 9 5.4 National approvals ...... 9 5.5 Construction Environment Management Plan approvals ...... 9 6 ECoC/EMP IMPLEMENTATION ...... 10 7 ECoC/EMP MONITORING ...... 11 7.1 Environmental Quality Monitoring ...... 11 7.2 Construction Phase Affected Household consultation ...... 13 8 COMPLAINTS, ISSUES AND CORRECTIVE ACTIONS ...... 13 8.1 Information disclosure ...... 13 8.2 Grievance Redress Mechanism ...... 13 8.3 Corrective Action ...... 14 9 CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS ...... 14

Annex 1 - Summary of rural infrastructure subprojects under construction Annex 2 - Status of EMP compliance for Lvea irrigation core subprojects Annex 3 - Environment and Social Safeguards and GRM training Annex 4 - Summary of public consultation meetings and photos (January - June 2020) Annex 5 - Summary of ESME environmental monitoring

SEMI-ANNUAL ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING REPORT (SEMR 4) (January - June 2020) EXECUTIVE SUMMARY This Semi-Annual Environment monitoring Report (SEMR4) for the Tonle Sap Poverty Reduction and Smallholder Development Project (TSSD-AF) has been prepared by the project implementation consultant (PIC) team on behalf of the Executing Agencies (EAs), National Committee for Democratic Development Secretariat (NCDDS) and Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries (MAFF) in compliance with the safeguard covenant (16/5) to the ADB loan (3570-CAM). The report provides a summary of the project progress during the period from January to June 2020 focussing on the rural infrastructure subprojects that were under construction during this period and the field activities for the design of the next batch of subprojects. It provides information on the environmental screening categories and the progress on the preparation of and the content of the environmental management plans (EMP) for Category B subprojects and the environmental code of conduct that is used for all Category C subprojects. There have been a total of 581 rural infrastructure subprojects identified across the 270 target communes and from there 108 were selected for implementation during 2020. For the two core subprojects that were awarded contracts in 2018 and 2019 respectively one has completed construction and the other was completed in March 2020. For the next batch of seven priority subprojects, which are for prior review of bidding and contract documents by ADB, the detailed engineering designs (DEDs) were completed in 2018 but the contracts were not awarded until 21 June 2020 when all safeguard documents had been approved by ADB. The next batch of 16 subprojects had completed the DEDs during 2019, with support from the design and supervision consultants (DSC), and there were contracts awarded in January 2020 without formal approval and disclosure of the safeguard documents. During the ADB Review Mission in February 2020, NCDDS were advised to suspend the civil works for these subprojects until the safeguard compliance had been completed and the suspension was in place during the remainder of the reporting period. The main activities for environmental safeguards during this reporting period were (i) site visits to the core subproject that was under construction; (ii) completion of the safeguard reports for the seven priority subprojects; (iii) monitoring the preparation and submission of the contractors environmental monitoring plans (CEMP) for the 16 subprojects that had contracts awarded but where civil works was subsequently suspended; (iv) commencement of the preparation of the environment screening for 77 more subprojects; and (v) conduct of public consultation meetings at the sites of ten rural infrastructure subprojects. During the ADB Review Mission in February there were sites visits to four subprojects that were under construction and recommendations were made for improvements included the provision of improved safety equipment for workers, better traffic signage, installation of Grievance Redress Mechanism (GRM) signboard, the installation of sanitary latrines, provision of clean drinking water sources and storage of inflammable materials in safe areas. During this reporting period there were environment safeguard training courses conducted in each target province for provincial. District and communes staff to build capacity and increase the level of understanding on ADB environment safeguard policy, the conduct of environmental screening and assessment, the content of the EMP/ECoC and the development of the GRM logbook on environment issues. During this reporting period ADB provided approvals for eight environment safeguard documents including environmental categorisation reports for 25 subprojects, environmental checklist for 16 subprojects, ECoCs to be used for nine rural road and two irrigation subprojects respectively, updated Initial Environmental Examination (IEE) for two core subprojects and EMPs for two irrigation subprojects and five rural road subprojects. During the reporting period none of the contractors who commenced civil works had prepared their CEMP nor submitted any monthly monitoring reports. The results of the monitoring of environmental quality by the PST and CC supported by the DSC team revealed that there is no issues identified or complaints received. During the reporting period the External Safeguard Monitoring Entity (ESME) was recruited by the NCDDS and they conducted independent sites visits to all on-going civil works and noted that there were minimal environmental issues to report other than increased dust and noise levels. They also confirmed that no complaints had been received from the communities at each site.

TSSD-AF SEMR 4 January - June 2020

SEMI-ANNUAL ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING REPORT (SEMR 4) (January - June 2020)

1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background 1. In 2009, the Asian Development Bank (ADB) approved the Tonle Sap Poverty Reduction and Smallholder Development Project (TSSD), which achieved notable achievements in productive infrastructure and livelihood improvement. The government of Cambodia (the government), ADB and IFAD project teams concluded that successful project activities should be scaled up to broaden the benefits of increased rural incomes and economic development. 2. In January 2018 the Additional Financing (AF) for the TSSD was approved to expand activities on climate-responsive productive infrastructure from 196 communes in five provinces (Banteay Meanchey (BMC), Siem Reap (SRP), Kampong Thom (KPT), Kampong Cham (KPC) and Tboung Khmum (TKM)) to 270 communes in seven provinces, including the two additional provinces of Battambang (BTB), and Prey Veng (PVG) within the Tonle Sap Basin, and in addition to further develop the enabled environment for agricultural productivity, diversification and climate resilience with a strong emphasis on value chain strengthening. The inclusion of women, smallholder farmers and poor households remains a priority. 3. The TSSD-AF changes the original project scope by expanding the project area from five to seven provinces and enhances the climate and disaster resilience of the interventions within the target provinces. The number of beneficiary households increases from 430,000 to 650,000. The aggregate impact will be improved livelihoods in the target communes and climate resilience in seven provinces in the Tonle Sap Basin improved. The aggregate outcome will be agricultural productivity increased, climate and disaster resilience strengthened, and access to markets improved in 270 communes in seven provinces in the Tonle Sap Basin. 4. The TSSD-AF consists of main three outputs. Output 1: focuses on enhancing rural productive infrastructures and livelihood improvement with capacity in disaster risk management (such as rural roads and small scale irrigation rehabilitation, supporting new and old Livelihood Improvement Groups (LIGs) and DRR training and planning for commune councils). Output 2: focusses on enhancing environment for increased agricultural productivity diversification and climate resilience (such as value chain support and market linkages; information and communication technology and commune mobile access program). Output 3: strengthens project management. 5. Under Output 1 the TSSD-AF is providing support for the rehabilitation of up to 450 kilometers of disaster risk reduction (DDR) roads in commune areas that are prone to floods, and 6,000 hectares of irrigation (secondary or tertiary canals) capable of supporting at least two crops per year, and other facilities that may be identified for the market improvement groups (MIGs) or Paddy Selling Groups (PSGs). All infrastructure for investment is to be included in the commune development plans (CDPs) and commune investment plans (CIPs) and/or requests from the marketing improvement groups (MIGs) or paddy selling groups (PSGs), and funds to contractors will be paid to the relevant commune councils (CCs). Each target commune can propose up to a maximum of three rural infrastructure sub-projects. However, the available funds for rural infrastructure are not sufficient to complete all of these sub- projects and selection criteria will be applied based upon (i) strong commitment of the Livelihood Improvement Groups (LIGs) to work together to improve their livelihoods wit functional Group Revolving Funds (GRFs); and (ii) commitment from the commune councils (CCs) to support all of the LIGs to solve problems and maintain the established infrastructure supported by the TSSD.

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TSSD-AF SEMR 4 January - June 2020

Figure 1: Map of TSSD-AF target area

6. The project is classified as category B for environment, in accordance with the ADB Safeguard Policy Statement (SPS, 2009) safeguards classification system.1 All project infrastructure sub-projects are required to be screened and classified in accordance with the environmental assessment and review framework (EARF) and in the case of non-infrastructure sub-projects a due diligence report prepared based on the activities in the annual work plan and submitted to ADB for review. For the infrastructure sub-projects, the Design and Supervision Consultants (DSC) are responsible for the environmental categorization which must be submitted to ADB for confirmation of the safeguard classification. 1.2 Project organizational structure 7. The Executing Agencies (EAs)/Implementing Agencies (IAs) for the project are the NCDDS and MAFF, who have both established project management units (PMUs) at national level and provincial/district support teams (PSTs) in each of the seven target provinces. The designs for rural road sub-projects are approved at provincial level by the Provincial Department of Rural Development (PDRD) and the designs of irrigation sub-projects are approved by the Provincial Department of Water Resources and Meteorology (PDWRAM) following the sub-project clearance procedures defined in the Commune/Sangkat Project Implementation Manual (PIM). 8. The project implementation consultants (PIC) team has been recruited by MAFF and includes an environmental safeguards/climate change specialist who is responsible for provide technical support and training on environmental safeguards, monitoring compliance and the preparation of the SEMR. The Design and Supervision Consultants (DSC) team (SSP6) has been recruited by NCDDS and includes an environmental safeguard specialist and a climate change specialist. The DSC team are responsible for the preparation of the detailed engineering designs (DEDs) and bidding documents for all approved sub-projects including the ECoC applicable to environmental category C subprojects or the IEE and EMP for environmental category B subprojects. 9. NCDDS have also recruited an external safeguard monitoring entity (ESME) who have responsibility for checking the content and accuracy of the environmental Code of Conduct (ECoC)

1 ADB Safeguard Categories. https://www.adb.org/site/safeguards/safeguard-categories

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TSSD-AF SEMR 4 January - June 2020 and/or Initial Environment Examination(IEE)/Environmental Management Plan (EMP) for each subproject. 1.3 Purpose of report 10. The Semi-Annual Environment Monitoring Reports (SEMRs) are prepared in compliance with the safeguard covenant (16/5) to the ADB loan.2 Previously, three SEMRs have been prepared for the periods January - December 2018, January - June 2019 and July - December 2019 respectively. The SEMRs are required to cover the following items: (i) Progress of implementation of the ECoC or EMP. (ii) Results of the monitoring of the environmental parameters by the contractors or CCs. (iii) Complaints dealt with through the GRM. (iv) Environmental training and capacity building undertaken. 1.4 Report format 11. This report (SEMR 4), which covers the period from January - June 2020, presents the findings of the monitoring of environment protection and supervision activities conducted during the reporting period. It determines whether or not the ECoC and/or EMP protection measures recommended for each subproject, that are included as a part of the bidding and contract documents, have been implemented effectively to avoid, minimize and/or mitigate the environmental impacts. It also identifies activities that have not been properly implemented by the Project. The SEMR includes the following sections: (i) Implementation of the CoC and/or EMP provisions; (ii) Results of monitoring of environmental safeguards by the contractors or CCs; (iii) Complains dealt with through the Grievance Redress Mechanism (GRM); (iv) Environmental safeguard training and capacity building undertaken. 1.5 Report Preparation 12. This report has been prepared by the PIC team as stated in their Terms of Reference (ToR) in consultation with the Environment Safeguard Specialist (ESS) from the DSC team. It is submitted to the ADB/Cambodia Resident Mission (CARM) environmental safeguard team for review prior to disclosure on the ADB website and the TSSD-AF website. 2 PROCEDURES FOR ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT OF SUBPROJECTS 13. The environmental assessments are undertaken according to the ADB Safeguard Policy Statement (SPS, 2009), as well as the RGC environment assessment regulations and guidelines and the TSSD-AF EARF. All rural infrastructure subprojects are classified for their level of potential environmental impact based upon the project’s most environmentally sensitive component. Under ADB procedures there are three categories for subprojects depending on the significance of the environmental impacts and risks as follows: - Category A: Subprojects that are likely to have significant adverse environmental impacts that are irreversible, diverse or unprecedented. These impacts may affect an area larger than the subproject site or facilities under the civil works. Subprojects in this category are ineligible for support under the TSSD- AF. - Category B: Subprojects with potential adverse environmental impacts that are less adverse than Category A subprojects, which are site-specific and few of them are irreversible and in most cases mitigation measures can be identified. An IEE is required supported by an EMP that includes a monitoring plan that measure the effectiveness of adoption of the mitigation measures. - Category C: Subprojects that are likely to have minimal or no adverse environmental impacts. The environmental implications need to be reviewed and the TSSD-AF ECoC applied and monitored.

2 The Borrower shall do or cause the project EAs to submit environmental safeguard monitoring reports semi- annually in January and July of each year and disclose relevant information from such reports to affected persons promptly upon submission. If any unanticipated environmental impacts arise during construction, implementation or operation of the Project that were not considered in the IEE and/or EMP, promptly inform ADB of the occurrence of such risks or impacts, with detailed description of the event and proposed corrective action plan; and (c) report any actual or potential breach of compliance with the measures and requirements set forth in the EMP promptly after becoming aware of the breach

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TSSD-AF SEMR 4 January - June 2020

3 IMPLEMENTATION OF THE ECoC, EMP AND MONITORING PLAN 3.1 ECoC, EMP and Monitoring Plan objectives 14. For the Category B subprojects, the IEE is supported by an EMP which incorporates an environmental monitoring plan. The purpose of the EMP is to present the impact mitigation measures identified in the IEE or environmental review as an action plan with responsibilities, timing and estimated costs. The EMP action plan is required to include the following elements: - Nature of impact. - How the impact will be mitigated. - Approximate cost of the mitigation measures to ensure availability of funds. - Responsible entity for mitigating the identified impact, i.e., CC, DSC team, contractor, etc., 15. The EMP includes mitigation actions required during construction or implementation of the subproject and also during the subsequent operation of the facility, if needed. Based upon the final EMP, specific environmental clauses are included in the civil works contracts. The EMP also includes the requirement to establish the Grievance Redress Mechanism (GRM) and link this to the project GRM. 16. The monitoring plan that is included in the EMP provides the mechanism for checking that the mitigation measures are working and are successfully protecting the environment. In most cases, the monitoring is being carried out by the CC and contractor, assisted by the PIC team and the national Environmental Safeguards Officer (ESO) under the NCDDS. The monitoring plan includes the following: - What needs to be monitored. - Where will the monitoring be undertaken. - How will the monitoring be done. - When will the monitoring be done. - Who is responsible for the monitoring. 17. The costs of implementing the environmental management and impact mitigation measures list in the EMP matrix are included in the design costs, construction contracts and operational budgets. The detailed budget allocations against each item in the EMP are being developed by the DSC team. 4 ENVIRONMENTAL SAFEGUARDS SUMMARY 4.1 Summary of Project Progress 18. There are a total of 581 infrastructure subprojects identified across the 270 target communes. There are 108 subprojects identified for implementation in 2020. However, due to the delays experienced in the preparation of the safeguard reports (for both environment and social) this target may not be achieved and some of the subprojects will be carried over to 2021. The main activities relating these subprojects during the reporting period can be summarized as follows:3 (i) For the two core subprojects that were identified during the TSSD-AF design in 2017 one (RR001) completed construction in 2018, the other (IR002) completed construction in March 2020.4 (ii) The first batch of subprojects, comprising seven priority subprojects with one per province, were designated for prior-review by ADB of the bidding and contract documents, and these completed detailed engineering designs (DEDs) in 2018, and all had contracts awarded on 21st June 2020 following the clearance and disclosure of the environmental safeguard documents (as well as social DDRs). Construction of these subprojects will commence in July 2020. (iii) All remaining subprojects are for post-review, but environmental safeguard documents as well as social safeguard DDRs, must be cleared and disclosed before contract awards are made. The next batch of 16 subprojects completed DEDs during 2019 and there were contract awards made in January 2020, which was not in compliance with the loan agreement covenants, and the civil works for these subprojects was suspended in March 2020 pending the achievement of compliance for all safeguard requirements. 19. The main environmental safeguard activities during this reporting period related to: (i) Site visits for the core subproject (RR001) which was still under construction for observation,

3 See Annex 1 for summary of rural infrastructure subproject with on-going construction 4 The rural infrastructure subprojects are coded with a reference number that includes the prefix Rural Road (RR) and irrigation rehabilitation IR).

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TSSD-AF SEMR 4 January - June 2020

verification, informal interviews (if necessary) and photo documentation of activities. (ii) Completion of environmental safeguard reporting requirements for the seven priority subprojects and the next 16 subprojects including follow up site visits to gather information. (iii) Monitoring the preparation and submission of the Contractors Environmental Management Plans (CEMPs) for the 16 subprojects that were awarded contracts but subsequently had the civil works suspended. (iv) Commencement of preparation of environmental safeguard screening for next batch of subprojects which has been now completed for 77 subprojects of which 38 were in category C and 36 in category B. There were three subprojects in category A all in SRP province and these will be replaced. (v) There were public consultation meetings conducted at the sites of ten rural infrastructure subprojects to discuss the scope of the proposed subproject and to raise awareness of the potential environment impacts of the construction with the beneficiary communities as well as assessing the potential social impacts in terms of additional land requirements.5 20. A brief summary of the project progress for contract awards and construction and the key activities in this reporting period is shown in Table 1. 4.2 Summary of ECoC and EMP implementation 21. During this reporting period the ESS from the DSC team, in cooperation with the DSC team field staff, conducted regular visits to the sites of all subprojects with on-going construction. However, there were continuing difficulties in the preparation and submission of the monthly environmental monitoring reports by the contractors based upon the CEMPs since these had not been prepared prior to mobilization by the contractor. Further action needs to be taken by the sub-national teams to ensure that there is better compliance with this requirement. 22. For the 16 subprojects that had contracts awarded on 17 January 2020 there were also no CEMPs prepared by the time of the suspension of the civil works in March. 4.3 Summary of ECoC/EMP monitoring 23. The monitoring of the ECoC/EMPs for the 17 subprojects that had construction activities during the reporting period was as follows: - There were field visits to each construction site conducted by the DSC field staff as and the ESS to check on compliance with the ECoC/EMPs that applied to each of these subprojects. - The ESME (SSP9) also conducted field visits to the sites of each of the 16 subprojects and conducted interviews with the beneficiaries. - For the core subproject (IR002) there were no monthly monitoring reports received from the contractor during the remaining construction period to March 2020. - For the 16 subprojects that commenced construction there were no monthly monitoring reports received from the contractors, but the civil works was suspended about eight weeks after the commencement of the work. 4.4 Summary of complaints, issues and corrective actions There were no records of any complaints or issues received from the beneficiaries or community members during the reporting period relating to the construction activities that were on-going for the 17 subprojects.

5 See Annex 4 for summary of the public consultation meetings. The outbreak of the coronavirus pandemic and the subsequent restrictions placed on the conduct of public meetings resulted in few meetings being conducted.

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TSSD-AF SEMR 4 January - June 2020

Table 1: Project Overview and Summary of Progress6 Project Number: 41435-054 Project Number and Loan Numbers: 2599/8243; Grant Numbers: 0186/0191/0192 Title: Project Title: Tonle Sap Poverty Reduction and Smallholder Development Project - Additional Financing Project Safeguards Environment B Category7 Reporting period: January – June 2020

Last report date: July - December 2019 Core subprojects: RR001 - Chba Ampov concrete road sub-project completed construction in 2018. IR002 - Lvea canal rehabilitation sub-project completed construction on 6 March 2020. Priority subprojects (7): IR003 - Kakoah canal irrigation subproject RR004 - Kok Romiet laterite road subproject RR005 - Reussei Lok laterite road subproject IR006 - Pnov canal rehabilitation subproject RR007 - Tang Krasang concrete road subproject RR008 - Trapeang Phlong DBST road subproject IR0009 - Kansoam Ak canal rehabilitation subproject Detailed designs were completed including environmental screening and ECoCs which have been cleared by ADB and disclosed. Contracts were awarded on 21st June 2020. Other subprojects (16): RR010 - Kuok Khmum DBST road subproject Key sub-project activities RR011 - Knach Romeas laterite road subproject since last report: IR012 - Basak & Prak Chick canal rehabilitation subproject RR013 - Bos Sbov DBST road subproject RR014 - Samroang SBST road subproject RR015 - Chheav concrete road subproject RR016 - Svay Sar earth road rehabilitation subproject RR017 - Sandan & Dang Kambet laterite road subproject RR018 - Tang Krasang DBST road subproject RR019 - Chi Meas SBST road subproject RR020 - Batheay & Me Pring DBST road subproject RR021 - Sdaeung Chey SBST road subproject RR022 - Tuol Snuol concrete road subproject IR023 - Bay Ak canal rehabilitation subproject RR024 - Kampong Trabaek SBST road subproject RR025 - Rumlech SBST road subproject Detailed designs were completed and environmental ECoCs/EMPs prepared and submitted to ADB. Contracts were awarded for these subprojects on 17 Jan 2020 prior to environmental safeguard documents being approved and disclosed. The civil works for all of these subprojects were suspended on 24 March 2020 pending the satisfactory completion of the safeguard requirements.

4.5 Environmental Management and Monitoring Records and Reporting 24. During the ADB Review Mission that was conducted in Q1, it was noted that contracts had been awarded for 16 subprojects in January 2020 and that the civil works for these subprojects had commenced, although this was not in accordance with the EARF and was non-compliant with the loan covenants, Loan Agreement, Schedule which states that “ the borrower shall not award any works contracts for a subproject involving environmental impacts until (i) each project EA has prepared and submitted to ADB each relevant final IEE for an applicable subproject pursuant to the EARF and obtained ADB’s clearance of such IEE; (ii) the Ministry of Environment (MoE) has granted the final approval of each relevant IEE, if it is required by Sub-decree No. 72 ANRK.BK on Environmental Impact

6 See Annex 1 for description of the subprojects. 7 Project Administration Manual, para.80

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TSSD-AF SEMR 4 January - June 2020

Assessment Process; and (iii) each project EA has incorporated the relevant provisions from each relevant EMP into the bidding documents and the Works Contract for category B subprojects and the Project ECoC for category C Subprojects”.. The mission recommended suspension of the civil works of these 16 subprojects until corrective actions were implemented. In addition, it was noted there might be a need for contract variations in any cases where current contracts did not integrate staff resources, costs and requirements for EMP and GRM implementation. Furthermore, the IEE was required to be updated to include detailed design information for the two core subprojects and the 16 subprojects that had contracts awarded. In addition, prior to restarting civil works each Contractor was required to prepare and have approved a CEMP. 25. During this mission there were visits conducted to three subproject sites to assess the level of compliance with environmental safeguards. The following findings were noted: - Chbar Ampov concrete road core subproject (RR001) where construction was almost completed but it was noted that the quality of the civil works was unsatisfactory and remedial action was needed. - Three other subproject sites with on-going construction were visited: Kouk Khmum Double Bitumen Surface Treatment Road (DBST) road subproject (RR010), Bos Sbov SBST road subproject (RR013) and Chi Meas Single Bitumen Surface Treatment (SBST) road subproject (RR019). In all cases no environmental safeguard documents had been submitted for review and clearance. The mission observed that the contractor had provided good safety equipment for workers and traffic signage, but some other issues also need to be improved and it was recommended that the contractor must provide an environmental GRM signboard at active construction and camp sites, sanitary latrines for both men and women, and clean/drinking water to the workers. In addition, the inflammable materials should be stored at a safe area with proper barriers and signage of safety. - Visits were also made to the sites of Kakoah canal rehabilitation subproject (IR003) and Prey Touch canal rehabilitation subproject (IR047) which had not yet contracts awarded. In the case of the latter subproject it was recommended that although the subproject was located within rice fields and there were unlikely to be significant impacts on environment; a biodiversity screening should be undertaken to inform the subproject environmental classification. - The mission stressed that the detailed designs for all subprojects cannot proceed until the subproject is confirmed eligible with subproject selection criteria and confirmed as Category B or C for environment. 5 ENVIRONMENTAL SAFEGUARDS STAFF, TRAINING AND DOCUMENTATION 5.1 Implementation arrangements 26. The TSSD-AF EARF defines scope of roles and responsibilities for environmental safeguards which are required in order to fulfil compliance with the EMP/ECoC requirements. The following table provides a description of the scope of these responsibilities for each functional unit of the project. Table 2: Status of environmental safeguard roles and responsibilities

Safeguards Status & Comment Role Date Started: 26 Sept 2018 Completion 25 Sept 2022

Supports the CCs with the design and supervision of all rural infrastructure subprojects. Assist the CCs to monitor construction standards and facilitate monthly coordination at provincial level. Team includes Environmental Safeguards Specialist and Climate Change DSC team Specialist for 20 and 16 months respectively who support the Environmental (SSP6) Description Safeguard Officers (ESOs) with environment and climate screening of all subprojects to identify the environmental category, conduct environmental and climate risk screening, preparation of initial environmental examination (IEE) and environmental management plans (EMPs); and conduct environmental training, provide environmental supervision and provide inputs to the quarterly progress reports and the semi-annual environmental monitoring reports.

Date Started: 1 November 2018 Completion 31 October 2022 Supports both EAs in the overall management of the project. PIC team Team includes an Environmental/Climate Change Specialist with input of six Description months who will provide training on environmental impact screening and the structure of IEEs/EMPs and provide guidance to the external safeguards monitoring entity ESME) that will be recruited by NCDDS.

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Safeguards Status & Comment Role Date Started: 1 February 2020 Completion 31 January 2023 ESME Supports the NCDDS to monitor the implementation of the EARF by monitoring (SSP9) Description the level of compliance for all subprojects with the ECoC and in the case of those in Category B of compliance with the EMP. Date Started: April 2018 Completion April 2023 The NCDDS team is responsible for ensuring the preparation of the Initial Environmental Examination (IEE) for all rural infrastructure subprojects, and the preliminary short reports, feasibility studies and safeguard assessment reports (where applicable) for infrastructure subprojects for submission to ADB NCDDS for review and approval. Team (EA) NCDDS will designate a staff member to be the project ESO who will Description coordinate with subnational government counterparts to monitor implementation of project environment and climate change requirements. They will also support the Consultant teams with public and stakeholder consultations during subproject preparation and ensure disclosure of safeguard assessment reports at a commune level. NCDDS are responsible for ensuring that the GRM is operating effectively. Date Started: April 2018 Completion April 2023 A PST has been established in each target province incorporating provincial Provincial staff of the EAs/IAs The PST is responsible for ensuring that all subproject Support designs are technically cleared by relevant provincial technical departments Team and that road designs are approved at provincial level by the provincial Comment (PST) department of rural development, and that irrigation designs are approved by the provincial departments of water resources and meteorology. PST also play a role in supporting the GRM in cases where complaints from affected households are not addressed at commune or district level.

Date Started: n.a. Duration n.a.

Commune The CCs are the implementation units for infrastructure Councils subprojects. For subprojects valued at < $30,000 they are responsible for contracting and supervising contractors (including safeguard compliance), (CCs) Comment owning, operating, monitoring and maintaining the completed facilities. CCs support the GRM and are the first point of contact for affected households to express their grievance.

5.2 Training and capacity building 27. The following table summarizes the environment safeguard training courses that have been completed during the reporting period. Table 3: Environment safeguards training provided and planned8

Training Training No. Participants Participants Trainer(s) Couse Title schedule Total Women %) BTB - 8 26/27 May 56 (14%) - Provincial Support 2020 Teams (PSTs) and BMC - Provincial Project 27-28 May 53 15 (28%) Management Advisers Environment 2020 (PPMAs), Environmental (and Social) SRP - - Environment and Safeguard Safeguards 28/29 May 64 13 (20%) Social Safeguard Focal Specialist and GRM 2020 Points at district level. (DSC - SSP6) Training KPT - - Commune Council 14 1/2 June 46 - DSC provincial (30%) 2020 supervisor and 11 surveyor (SSP6) KPC - 50 (22%)

8 See Annex 3 for list of training participants

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TSSD-AF SEMR 4 January - June 2020

2/3 June 2020 TBK - 4 3/4 June 37 (11%) 2020 PVG - 6 4/5 June 47 (13%) 2020

28. The environmental (and social) safeguards and GRM training included four modules on (i) ADB environment safeguard policy; (ii).environmental screening and assessment; (iii) EMP/ECoC; and (iv) GRM logbook on environment issues. 29. There were no other capacity building trainings conducted during the reporting period. 5.3 ADB approvals 30. During the reporting period there was approval provided for the ECoC/EMPs for the seven priority subprojects and also the next 16 subprojects. Table 4: Status of environmental safeguard documents

Safeguard documents Update issued Submitted to MoE Approved by ADB Environmental Categorization Report January 2020 n.a. January 2020 (ECR) and ECoC (IR/RR003 - 009) ECR for 16 subprojects May 2020 n.a. June 2020 (IR/RR010 - 025) Environmental Screening Checklist for 16 May 2020 n.a. June 2020 subprojects (IR/RR010 - 025) ECoC for 9 rural road subprojects (RR010, June 2020 n.a. June 2020 011, 014, 015, 018, 020, 021, 022 & 025) ECoC for 2 irrigation subprojects (IR 012 & June 2020 n.a. June 2020 023) Updated IEE for 2 core subprojects (RR001 & IR002) and 16 June 2020 n.a. June 2020 subprojects (IR/RR10 - 25) EMP for 2 IR subprojects (IR012 & June 2020 n.a. June 2020 023) EMP for 5 rural road subprojects (RR014, June 2020 n.a. June 2020 016, 017, 019 & 024).

5.4 National approvals 31. There is currently no requirement for an approval of the ECoC and EMPs by the MoE. 5.5 Construction Environment Management Plan approvals 32. When the contractors mobilize and prior to actual commencement of the civil works there is a requirement that they prepared their own CEMP which is based upon the ECoC/EMP applicable to the subproject. Their CEMP is submitted to the PST and requires approval from NCDDS. The following table provide a summary of the status of the CEMP submissions and approval for all subprojects that have contracts awarded and had on-going construction during the reporting period.

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Table 5: Status of CEMP approvals Date of CEMP Date of approval Subproject submission to Comment by PST PST There is no record of any CEMP being IR002 - Lvea canal prepared by the contractor nor of any n.a. n.a. rehabilitation sub-project monthly monitoring reports submitted to the PST. RR010 - Kuok Khmum No CEMP has been prepared yet by the n.a. n.a. DBST road subproject contractor.

RR011 - Knach Romeas No CEMP has been prepared yet by the n.a. n.a. laterite road subproject contractor. IR012 - Basak & Prak No CEMP has been prepared yet by the Chick canal rehabilitation n.a. n.a. contractor. subproject RR013 - Bos Sbov DBST No CEMP has been prepared yet by the n.a. n.a. road subproject contractor.

RR014 - Samroang No CEMP has been prepared yet by the n.a. n.a. SBST road subproject contractor.

RR015 - Chheav No CEMP has been prepared yet by the n.a. n.a. concrete road subproject contractor. RR016 - Svay Sar earth No CEMP has been prepared yet by the road rehabilitation n.a. n.a. contractor. subproject RR017 - Tang Krasang No CEMP has been prepared yet by the n.a. n.a. DBST road subproject contractor. RR018 - Sandan & Dang No CEMP has been prepared yet by the Kambet laterite road n.a. n.a. contractor. subproject RR019 - Chi Meas SBST No CEMP has been prepared yet by the n.a. n.a. road subproject contractor. RR020 - Batheay & Me No CEMP has been prepared yet by the Pring DBST road n.a. n.a. contractor. subproject RR021 - Sdaeung Chey No CEMP has been prepared yet by the n.a. n.a. SBST road subproject contractor.

RR022 - Tuol Snuol No CEMP has been prepared yet by the n.a. n.a. concrete road subproject contractor.

IR023T - Bay Ak canal No CEMP has been prepared yet by the n.a. n.a. rehabilitation subproject contractor. RR024 - Kampong No CEMP has been prepared yet by the Trabaek SBST road n.a. n.a. contractor. subproject RR025 - Rumlech SBST No CEMP has been prepared yet by the n.a. n.a. road subproject contractor.

6 ECoC/EMP IMPLEMENTATION 33. The level of compliance with the ECoC/EMP for each subproject is monitored to assess the extent to which the environment impact mitigation measures in the approved subproject ECoC/EMP for each subproject, together with the corresponding CEMP are being applied. The evidence for the compliance is through a combination of site visits to observe site practices, consultation with affect people and the regular environment reporting that should be made by the contractors and DSC team.

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34. During the reporting period there was only one site with any construction activity (IR002), which completed in February 2020, whilst at the sites of the other 16 subprojects the civil works was suspended only one month after the contractor had mobilized and commenced work.9 At some of the construction sites, several issues were identified, including (i) the environmental GRM signboards were not being displayed at the construction sites; (ii) site workers had not been provided with safety equipment; (iii) sanitary latrines had not been provided for the site workers; and (iv) there were no supplies of clean water for domestic use. The relevant contractors had been notified with clear directive issued to rectify these issues. 7 ECoC/EMP MONITORING 7.1 Environmental Quality Monitoring 35. The environmental quality monitoring is defined in the ECoC and in the monitoring plan of the EMP. The responsibility for monitoring of the implementation of the ECoC/EMP compliance during construction rests with the PST and CC supported by the DSC team. The following table provides a summary of the environmental quality monitoring requirements under either ECoC or EMP for the 17 subprojects that had on-going construction during this reporting period. In the case of the subprojects that are Category C there is a need for regular monitoring by the CCs supported where necessary by the PST and NSO to check for compliance. For the Category B subprojects, the contractor is required to prepare a CEMP and submit monthly monitoring reports to the PST during the civil works construction period. Table 6: ECoC/EMP Environmental Quality Monitoring requirements during construction Environmental Methodology Monitoring issues Timing (during construction) responsibility monitored Category C with ECoC: Nine road subproject (RR010, 011, 014, 015, 018, 020, 021, 022, 025) Checking for increase in noise levels and degree of Noise disturbance to daily live through interviews with villagers and observation. Checking for increase in level of air pollution and dust Air quality creation through interviews with villagers and observation. Vegetation and Determining any changes in vegetation and land use. land use Monthly during Community Checking increase in levels of risk to community safety CC & NSO the construction safety during construction. period Checking for increase in the level of water pollution and Water quality lower water quality through interviews with villagers and observation.

Access Checking for loss of access to business, home or land.

Observation to identify any unexpected or unforeseen Other issues Issues. (e.g., wastewater, waste disposal, labor, etc.,) Category B subprojects with EMP: Five road (RR013, 016, 017, 019, 024) and two irrigation (IR012, 023)- EMP (Category B) Environmental Inclusion in the bidding document of budget for NCDDS Bidding budget environmental mitigation measures. Preparation of CEMP by the contractor and approval by Contractor & Upon CEMP IA. NCDDS mobilization Environmental DSC-ESS & education Conduct of training for the IA, PST, CC and contractors During 1st month PIC/ESSC awareness Prior to Complaints Establishment of GRM and contract persons displayed DSC-ESS & commencement procedure on notice board at construction site. PIC/ESSC of construction

9 See Annex 2 for status of compliance with EMP for Lvea canal rehabilitation subproject (IR002).

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Environmental Methodology Monitoring issues Timing (during construction) responsibility monitored Preparation and submission of site plan documents by Prior to Site planning contractor showing location of key installations for NCDDS mobilization construction. Prior to UXO and borrow Confirmation of absence of UXO and correct location of NCDDS & commencement pit removal borrow pit. DSC/ESS of construction Development of Preparation of guidelines for health and safety of Prior to NCDDS & health safety workers by contractor integrated into the site planning commencement DSC/ESS guidelines document. of construction Checking mitigation measures specified in the EMP Water quality through observation on borrow pit and spoil site CC Monthly management. Checking mitigation measures specified in the EMP Air quality CC Monthly through interviews with villagers and observation. Checking mitigation measures specified in the EMP Noise & vibration CC Monthly through interviews with villagers and observation.

Solid wastes Checking mitigation measures specific in the EMP. CC Monthly

Fora Checking mitigation measures specific in the EMP. CC Monthly

Soil erosion and Checking mitigation measures specified in the EMP CC Monthly resources through interviews with villagers and observation. Social and Checking mitigation measures specified in the EMP CC Monthly cultural through interviews with villagers and observation. Human health & Checking mitigation measures specified in the EMP CC Monthly safety through interviews with villagers and observation. Checking the status of community health and safety Community through focus group discussions with affected CC Monthly health & safety households. Checking mitigation measures specified in the EMP Road safety CC Monthly through interviews with villagers and observation. Transmissible Checking mitigation measures specified in the EMP CC Monthly diseases through interviews with workers. . Conflicts Checking mitigation measures specified in the EMP between workers CC Monthly through interviews with villagers and observation. and community Checking mitigation measures specified in the EMP CC & Damage to trees Monthly through observation. DSC-ESS Workers camp CC & Observation of the conditions in the workers camp. Monthly site DSC-ESS Unexpected Observation to identify any unexpected or unforeseen DSC-ESS & environmental Monthly issues. PIC/ECCS impacts

36. Summary of results: Although there were no issues identified at any of the construction sites during the reporting period it was found that the CEMPs have not been prepared for the seven subprojects that are in Category B. 37. The External Safeguards Monitoring Entity (ESME) that was recruited by NCDDS commenced work in January 2020 and conducted sites visits to all subprojects sites where construction had commenced to check the compliance with environmental safeguards and to document adverse environmental impacts. However, they did not identify any issues other than some increased levels of dust and noise created by the construction, which should be monitored in the next reporting period, and there were no complaints received.10

10 A summary of the ESME findings is shown in Annex 5.

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38. During the ADB Review Mission conducted in February/March 2020 there were field visits conducted some of the construction sites and a number of issues were identified, including (i) the environmental GRM signboards were not being displayed at the construction sites; (ii) site workers had not been provided with safety equipment; (iii) sanitary latrines had not been provided for the site workers; and (iv) there were no supplies of clean water for domestic use. Clear directive were issued in each case to the contractors to ensure that these deficiencies were rectified. 7.2 Construction Phase Affected Household consultation 39. During the construction period information is collected on the impact of the construction work on the local community for residents, small businesses and other affect people around the site. However, there were no reports of any adverse impacts on the local residents during the construction of the on-going 17 subprojects. 40. The SSP6 team are required to ensure that there are regular informal consultations with the affected households (AHs) at each site to determine whether there are any emerging issues relating to environmental impacts. The only observable impacts were related to the increased levels of dust and noise but during the reporting period there were no reports of any adverse impacts being reported by the AHs. 8 COMPLAINTS, ISSUES AND CORRECTIVE ACTIONS 8.1 Information disclosure 41. During the design stage for these subprojects, which took place during 2018 & 2019, there were two public consultation meetings organized at each site when there was information provided to the local residents on each planned subproject. During these meetings the GRM was fully explained and a Project Information Booklet (PIB) was prepared for each subproject with the information on the contact persons at each administrative level in the event that any grievances require to be reported. 42. During this reporting period there were 24 public consultation meetings conducted for ten additional subprojects that are under design and safeguard preparation with a total of 1,169 participants (47% women).11 43. Upon mobilization of the contractors for the 16 subprojects in January it as a requirement that the GRM was further disseminated at each site through the erection of a signboard at all construction sites. 8.2 Preparation of CEMPs 44. It was noted that none of the contractors for the 16 subprojects with contracts awarded had prepared any CEMP and no training was provided for these contractors on the preparation of their CEMP and their reporting requirements during the civil works. 8.3 Grievance Redress Mechanism 45. Public grievances related to project construction may include damage to commune or private property, damage to vegetation, interruption of public services, dust emissions, noise, soil erosion, inappropriate disposal of waste materials, and safety for the general public and construction workers. 46. Normally, complainants at the village level address their concerns to the village leader or commune chief or his/her staff. The NCDDS has a complaints unit but its focus is on land issues and resettlement rather than environmental concerns. Additionally, there are sanctions in the 1996 Law on Environmental Protection and Natural Resources Management which can be sought by affected people or villages through the district offices of the MoE. 47. To address the weaknesses in this system the project has developed a Grievance Redress Mechanism (GRM) that is in compliance with the ADB SPS (2009) and to provide an easy and immediate complaint-and-response link between affected persons and the contractors/implementing agencies. The project GRM is designed to achieve the following objectives: a. Provide channels of communication for local communities to raise concerns about environmental grievances which mush result from the project. b. Prevent and mitigate adverse environmental impacts to communities caused by project construction and operation;

11 See Annex 4 for summary of the participants at each public consultation meetings.

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c. Improve mutual trust and respect and promote productive relationship between the implementing agencies and local communities. d. Build community acceptance of the project. 48. The GRM is accessible to all members of the community, including women, youth, and poor households. Multiple points of entry are available, including face-face meetings, written complaints and telephone. 49. The project GRM does not replace existing local complaints systems. Nor does any part of the project GRM affect the existing rights of affected persons to take their complaints to the courts. Instead, it provides a mechanism for immediate corrective action at the local level and where this is not possible imposes time constraints on corrective actions to be taken by higher levels of government. 50. All parties should employ their best efforts to solve problems that are reported through the GRM. Only when these are exhausted should the ADB’s Accountability Mechanism be accessed.12 The Accountability Mechanism provides an independent forum and process whereby people adversely affected by ADB-assisted projects can voice, and seek a resolution of their problems, as well as report alleged violations of ADB‘s operational policies and procedures. 8.4 Corrective Actions 51. During this reporting period there were no reports of any complaints relating to the 17 subprojects with on-going construction. 52. In the case of the absence of CEMPs for any of the subprojects that commenced construction this will be addressed during the next reporting period by the provision of training for all contractors and clear guidance being provided on their responsibilities for preparing the CEMP prior to mobilization and for providing regular monthly reports on the implementation of the CEMP to the PST. 9 CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS 53. This report provides a description of the application of the ECoC and EMPs for the 17 subprojects that had on-going construction and the consultative processes completed for another eight subprojects that are under design and safeguard due diligence. 54. The safeguard screening was completed for another 77 subprojects with 36 of them being in Category B and 36 in Category C. 55. There was a one-day environmental (and social) safeguards training conducted in each province with the participation of the PST members, CCs and DSC team members to provide updates on the application of all environmental safeguard requirement 56. The following recommendations are made: - Prior to the award of any future contract awards all environmental safeguard (as well as social DDR) documents must be submitted to and cleared by ADB. - The CEMPs should be immediately prepared for all the on-going Category B subprojects based upon the EMPs and for on-going Category C subprojects based upon the ECoC and a stricter adherence to this requirement must be made for all future contract awards. The CEMPs must be approved by the PST prior to the commencement of the civil works. - The PSTs must ensure that all contractors comply with the need for the submission of a monthly monitoring report based upon their approved CEMP and for these to be reviewed by the DSC ESS. - Increased monitoring visits should be conducted to the site of each subproject to verify the level of compliance by the PST and also by the ESME - SSP9 with the latter becoming more assertive in reporting any findings of non-compliance to NCDDS. - Further efforts should be made to ensure that the GRM is effectively implemented and all stakeholders fully understand their responsibilities and the beneficiaries are fully aware of the procedures for submission of complaints. - Monitoring visits should be conducted to the construction sites where the ADB Review Mission and ESME identified several issues that require remedial actions. - The DSC team (SSP6) need additional human resources to enable them to accelerate the process of preparation of all safeguard documents in order to avoid the delays in contract awards. - The ESME (SSP9) team need additional human resources at the sub-national level to achieve an increased level of monitoring.

12 See: www.adb.org/ accountability-mechanism.

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- The PIC team should be provided with additional inputs for existing positions in the team to enable them to fully achieve their responsibilities for monitoring and reporting. - ADB/CARM should provide additional resources for the review of environmental safeguard documents and organize regular clinics for SSP6 team and SSP9 to provide additional capacity building for safeguard reporting and monitoring. 57. The next SEMR (No. 5) will be published in May 2021 to report on the progress of compliance with environmental safeguards over the period from July to December 2020.

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ANNEX 1: Summary of Rural Infrastructure Subprojects under Construction (January - June 2020)

No. Contract No. Contract description Contractor Name

The construction of 1,900m DBST road TSSD-AF-BTB-NCB-W/RR021- 1 subproject at Kouk Khmum commune of Hong Chhay Heng Co/. Ltd NCDDS Battambang province The construction of 5,000m laterite road TSSD-AF-BTB-NCB-W/RR005- 2 subproject at Khnach Romeas commune of Hong Chhay Heng Co/. Ltd NCDDS Battambang province

The construction of 2,900m canal subproject 3 TSSD-AF/ 020607/IR/2019/01 LCWH Construction Co., ltd at Kakoh commune of Battambang province

The construction of 9,000m canal subproject TSSD-AF-BTB-NCB-W/IR019- 4 at Basak-Praek Chik communes of TSK Construction Co, Ltd NCDDS Battambang province The construction of 2,790m DBST road TSSD-AF-BMC-NCB-W/RR006- General Building Construction 5 subproject at Bos Sbov commune of Banteay NCDDS Co.,Ltd Meanchey province The construction of 2,510m SBST road TSSD-AF-BMC-NCB-W/RR008- General Building Construction Co. 6 subproject at Samroang commune of Banteay NCDDS Ltd Meanchey province The construction of 4,100m laterite road General Building Construction 7 TSSD-AF/ 010702/RR/2019/01 subproject at Kouk Romiet commune of Co.,Ltd Banteay Meanchey province The construction of 2,970m laterite road 8 TSSD-AF/ 170410/RR/2019/01 subproject at Russei Lok commune of Siem Huor Chhouy Construction Reap province The construction of 1,000m asphalt concrete TSSD-AF-SRP-NCB-W/RR009- 9 road subproject at Sangkat Chreav of Siem TSK Construction Co, Ltd NCDDS Reap province The construction of 8,993m earth road TSSD-AF-SRP-NCB-W/RR009- 10 subproject at Svay Sar commune of Siem TSK Construction Co, Ltd NCDDS Reap province The construction of 7,390m laterite road TSSD-AF-KPT-NCB-W/RR003- subproject at Sandan-Dang Kambet 11 THD Construction Co. Ltd NCDDS communes of Kampong Thom province (one causeway) The construction of 4,400 m DBST road TSSD-AF-KPT-NCB-W/RR017- 12 subproject at Tang Krasang-Pnov communes THD Construction Co, Ltd NCDDS of Kampong Thom province

The construction of 1,538m canal subproject Reaksmey Keo Meas Construciton 13 TSSD-AF/ 060706/IR/2019/01 at Pnov commune of Kampong Thom province Co., Ltd The construction of 6,056m SBST road TSSD-AF-KPT-NCB-W/RR010- subproject at Msar Krang-Kampong Chen 14 THD Construction Co, Ltd NCDDS Cheung communes of Kampong Thom province The construction of 3,327m DBST road TSSD-AF-KPC-NCB-W/RR016- Tang Cheng Oing Construction & 15 subproject at Banteay-Me Pring communes of NCDDS Import Export Co., Ltd Kampong Cham province The construction of 476m concrete road 16 TSSD-AF/ 030110/RR/2019/01 subproject at Tang Krasang commune of PRS Construction & Service Group Kampong Cham province The construction of 2,510m DBST road TSSD-AF-KPC-NCB-W/RR017- Tang Cheng Oing Construction & 17 subproject at Sdoeung Chey commune of NCDDS Import Export Co., Ltd Kampong Cham province The construction of 1,500m concrete road TSSD-AF-TKM-NCB-W/RR004- 18 subproject at Tuol Snuol commune of Tboung Ung Sim Sia construction Co., Ltd NCDDS Khmum province

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No. Contract No. Contract description Contractor Name

TSSD-AF-TKM-NCB-W/IR013- The construction of 5,500m canal subproject Tang Cheng Oing Construction & 19 NCDDS at Kak commune of Tboung Khmum province Import Export Co., Ltd The construction of 790m DBST road Pech Raingsey Construction and 20 TSSD-AF/ 030110/RR/2019/01 subproject at Trapeang Phlong commune of Service Group Co., Ltd Tboung Khmum province The construction of 1,630m canal subproject 21 TSSD-AF/ 140305/IR/2019/01 at Kansoam Ak commune of Prey Veng Kim Santek Pheap Co., Ltd province The construction of 3,500m SBST road TSSD-AF-PVG-NCB-W/RR023- Tang Cheng Oing Construction & 22 subproject at Kampong Trabaek commune of NCDDS Import Export Co., Ltd Prey Veng province The construction of 2,750m SBST road TSSD-AF-PVG-NCB-W/RR014- 23 subproject at Rumlech commune of Prey Veng Peng Sour Construction Co., Ltd NCDDS province The construction of 1,370m concrete road 24 TSSD-AF-W001-NCDDS subproject at Chbar Ampov commune, THD Construction Co., Ltd. Kampong Cham province

The rehabilitation of 5,100m canal subproject Samnang Pheanich Construction 25 TSSD-AF-W002-NCDDS at Lvea commune of Prey Veng province Co., Ltd

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ANNEX 2: Status of EMP Compliance for Lvea Irrigation Subprojects (IR002) Environmental Method & Responsibility Location Indicators Frequency Verification Implementation Environmental Budget Bidding One time only before IA PIC- document & the construction start Procurement contract (Review the bidding Specialist document and contract) Construction 1st quarterly One time only before IA, D&S Contractor Environmental report from the the construction start Consultant Management Plan contractor (Through review document which is submitted by contractors). Environmental Project Site, As needed, the training IA - ESCC/PIC Education awareness Project Office could be conducted at - NES/D&C the project site; Prey Consultant Veng province or at Project Office in Phnom Penh. Complaints - Complaints procedure IA - ESCC/PIC procedures with both English and - NES/D&C established Khmer Language. Consultant Site Planning Project Site Once before the IA - ESCC/PIC contractor move - NES/D&C equipment and workers Consultant to the construction site (through site planning document submitting to IA and D&S Consultant office). UXO and borrow pit Implementation Once when the UXO IA, PIC and Contractor (UXO remove site and borrow removing agency D&S Consultant removal agency) pit site complete their task (through the report for submitting to IA and D&S Consultant office) Development of Project Site Once before the IA, PIC and Contractor CEMP and health and equipment and workers D&S Consultant safety guidelines. move to the project site. The guideline could be integrated into site planning document. Water Quality Implementation Monthly checking CC Contractor Site of Spoil and against mitigation Borrow Site measures specified in management this EMP (through observation on borrow pit and spoil sites management) Air quality Civil Work sites Monthly checking CC Contractor against mitigation measures specified in this EMP (through interview with villagers, or villager chief and observation)

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Environmental Method & Responsibility Location Indicators Frequency Verification Implementation Noise and vibration Civil work sites Monthly checking CC Contractor against mitigation measures specified in this EMP (through interview with workers, villagers, or villager chief and observation) Solid Wastes Implementation Monthly checking CC Contractor of construction against mitigation workers measures specified in management this EMP Flora Civil work sites Monthly checking CC Contractor against mitigation measures specified in this EMP Soil erosion and Implementation Monthly checking CC Contractor resources site of spoil and against mitigation borrow site measures specified in management this EMP (through observation on borrow pit and spoil sites management) Social and Culture Local cultural Monthly checking CC Contractor sites against mitigation measures specified in this EMP (Through observation, and interview with villagers and local authority) Human Health and Implementation Monthly checking CC Contractor safety of community and against mitigation occupational measures specified in Health and this EMP (Through Safety and observation, and Emergency interview with villagers Response and local authority) Community Health At all construction Focus group CC Contractor and Safety locations discussion/interview with affected People - Environmental Using the form in Impacts of civil Appendix 1. works - Any unforeseen impacts caused by accidentally - Civil nuisance - Impaired use of access roads Road safety/accident All along the Monthly checking CC Contractor (by transportation of access road to against mitigation heavy trucks …) construction site measures specified in this EMP (Through observation, and interview with villagers and local authority)

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Environmental Method & Responsibility Location Indicators Frequency Verification Implementation Transmitted disease All workers camp Monthly checking CC Contractor for an example, HIV … sites against mitigation etc.) measures specified in this EMP (Through observation, and interview with worker on environment, health and safety) Conflict between the At construction Monthly checking PST, CC and Contractor workers and and villages against mitigation D&S Consultant community where is nearby measures specified in or within this EMP (Through subproject observation, and command area. interview with villagers and local authority) Damage on trees Along the bank of Monthly checking CC and D&S Contractor dam and feeder against mitigation Consultant canal measures specified in this EMP (Through observation) Camp site All workers Monthly Observation CC and D&S Contractor camps site (both Consultant main camp site and sub-camp sites) Unexpected - Monthly checking and PIC and D&S Contractor environmental impacts through observation to Consultant identify any issue occur.

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ANNEX 3: Environmental and Social Safeguards and GRM Training Attendance list for environmental and social safeguards and GRM training 26 May 2020 – 05 June 2020 1. Battambang province

2. Banteay Meanchey province

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3. Siem Reap province

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4. Kampong Thom province

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5. Kampong Cham province

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6. Tboung Khmom province

7. Prey Veng province

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Pictorial of ESS and GRM Training

1. Battambang Province (26-27 May 2020)

2. Banteay Meanchey Province (27-28 May 2020)

3. Siem Reap Province (28-29 May 2020)

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4. Kampong Thom Province (1-2 June 2020)

5. Kampong Cham Province (2-3 June 2020)

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6. Tboung Khmum Province (3-4 June 2020)

7. Prey Veng Province (4-5 June 2020)

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ANNEX 4: Summary of Public Consultation Meetings and Photos (January-June 2020)

Subproject First Consultation Meeting Second Consultation Meeting No. Name Male Female Total Date Male Female Total Date Prey Tralach- Preak Chil- 1 66 80 146 20,21,24/02/2020 78 81 159 09,12,19/03/2020 Basak DBST road Damrei Chorn Khla and Sroa 2 YovLaterite 26 21 47 23/3/2020 16 19 35 8/4/2020 Road Rehabilitation Preah Sdach- Banteay chakrei 3 34 23 57 15/1/2020 29 14 43 19/2/2020 DBST Road Improvement Beong Mealea and Svay Leu 4 23 7 30 14/4/2020 19 11 30 29/4/2020 Laterite Road Rehabilitation Prey Tahou and Trapeang 5 Reussei SBST 24 36 60 23/3/2020 19 18 37 8/4/2020 Road Construction Mean Rith, 6 Chheu Teal and 24 23 47 24/3/2020 11 28 39 9/4/2020 Kleng Chamna Kraom and Banteay 7 Stoung SBST 12 32 44 23/3/2020 11 22 33 8/4/2020 Road Improvement Chamnar Leu, Roung Roeung and Preah 8 34 24 58 24/3/2020 19 15 34 9/4/2020 Damrei DBST Road Improvement Sampong Chey, Sdaeung Chey,Pring 9 43 49 92 10/3/2020 27 6 33 24/3/2020 Chrum SBST Road Improvenent Moha Leaph and Pongro DBST 10 51 26 77 11/3/2020 46 22 68 25/3/2020 Road Improvement TOTAL 337 321 658 275 236 511

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ANNEX 5: Summary of ESME Environmental Monitoring

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35