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Feasibility Studies of Taing Krasaing Irrigation System and Prek Chik Irrigation System

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Feasibility Studies of Taing Krasaing Irrigation System and Prek Chik Irrigation System Uplands Irrigation and Water Resources Management Sector Project (RRP CAM 44328) Cambodia: Uplands Irrigation and Water Resources Management Project Feasibility Studies of Taing Krasaing Irrigation System and Prek Chik Irrigation System September 2015 TABLE OF CONTENTS PART 1: FEASIBILITY STUDY OF TAING KRASAING IRRIGATION SYSTEM I. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ........................................................................................ 2 A. The Project and Key Subproject Features ........................................................... 2 B. Conclusions, Findings and Keys to Success ....................................................... 3 II. RATIONALE ......................................................................................................... 10 A. Output 1: Efficiency and climate resilience of irrigation systems enhanced. ....... 11 B. Output 2: Water Resource Management Improved. .......................................... 11 C. Output 3: Improved Project Management. ......................................................... 11 III. ASSESSMENT OF TK IRRIGATION SYSTEM .................................................... 12 A. Location............................................................................................................. 12 B. Profile and Current Infrastructure Condition ....................................................... 12 C. The Main Canal and Past Rehabilitation Works ................................................. 16 D. Overall Assessment of TK for Feasibility ........................................................... 17 IV. SUBPROJECT DESIGN ....................................................................................... 19 A. Hydrology .......................................................................................................... 19 B. Engineering and Irrigation-Hydraulic Design ...................................................... 26 C. Agriculture ......................................................................................................... 75 D. Watershed Management ................................................................................... 81 V. SOCIOECONOMIC AND SOCIAL SAFEGUARD ................................................ 83 A. Social, Poverty and Gender Analysis ................................................................. 83 VI. INSTITUTIONAL ASSESSMENT ......................................................................... 97 A. Stakeholder Analysis ......................................................................................... 97 B. Institutional Risks Assessment ........................................................................ 102 C. Social Risks Assessment and Mitigation Measures ......................................... 104 D. Assessment of Training for MOWRAM, PDWRAM and PMU .......................... 105 VII. FINANCIAL ASSESSMENT ............................................................................... 109 A. Financial Management Systems ...................................................................... 109 B. Project Financial Management ........................................................................ 112 C. Assessment ..................................................................................................... 114 VIII. IMPLEMENTATION ARRANGEMENTS............................................................. 119 A. Execution and Implementation ........................................................................ 119 PART 2: FEASIBILITY STUDY OF PREK CHIK IRRIGATION SYSTEM I. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY .................................................................................... 128 A. The Project and Key Subproject Features ....................................................... 128 B. Conclusions, Findings and Keys to Success ................................................... 132 II. RATIONALE ....................................................................................................... 138 A. Output 1: Enhanced Efficiency and Climate Resilience of Irrigation Systems. 138 B. Output 2: Improved Water Resource Management. ......................................... 139 C. Improved Project Management. ....................................................................... 139 III. ASSESSMENT OF PREK CHIK IRRIGATION SYSTEM .................................... 140 A. Location........................................................................................................... 140 B. Profile and Current Infrastructure Condition of the Prek Chik Irrigation System140 IV. SUBPROJECT DESIGN ..................................................................................... 142 A. Engineering and Irrigation-Hydraulic Design .................................................... 142 B. Agriculture ....................................................................................................... 177 C. On-Farm Water Management .......................................................................... 186 D. Watershed Management ................................................................................. 187 V. SOCIOECONOMIC AND SOCIAL SAFEGUARD .............................................. 190 A. Social, Poverty and Gender Analysis ............................................................... 190 VI. INSTITUTIONAL ASSESSMENT ....................................................................... 203 A. Stakeholder Analysis ....................................................................................... 203 B. Institutional Risks Assessment ........................................................................ 208 C. Social Risks Assessment and Mitigation Measures ......................................... 210 D. Assessment of Training for MOWRAM, PDWRAM and PMU .......................... 211 VII. FINANCIAL ASSESSMENT ............................................................................... 214 A. Financial Management Systems ...................................................................... 214 B. Project Financial Management ........................................................................ 217 C. Assessment ..................................................................................................... 219 VIII. IMPLEMENTATION ARRANGEMENTS............................................................. 224 A. Execution and Implementation ........................................................................ 224 Appendix 1: Economic Analysis For Taing Krasaing Irrigation Scheme ...................... 231 Appendix 2: Economic Analysis For Prek Chik Irrigation Scheme .............................. 238 ACRONYMS ADB Asian Development Bank ANR agriculture and natural resources BOQ bill of quantities CAVAC Cambodia Agricultural Value Chain Program CGIARC Consortium of International Agricultural Research Centers CISIS Central Irrigation System Information System CPS country partnership strategy CRRCSDP Climate-Resilient Rice Commercialization Development Program CSO civil society organization DFAT Australian Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade DFR draft final report DOHM Department of Hydrology and Meteorology DoLA Department of Local Administration EIA environmental impact assessment EIRR economic internal rate of return ETo Reference crop evapotranspiration FFS Farmer Field School FWUC farmer water user community GAP gender action plan GSM global system for mobile communication HARVEST Helping Address Rural Vulnerabilities and Ecosystem Stability Program JICA Japan International Cooperation Agency IFAD International Fund for Agricultural Development ISC irrigation service center ISF irrigation service fee IWR irrigation water requirement LARF land acquisition and resettlement framework MAFF Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries MEF Ministry of Economy and Finance MFI micro-finance institution MOU memorandum of understanding MOWRAM Ministry of Water Resources and Meteorology MTR midterm report NBB needs-based budget NGO nongovernment organization O&M operation and maintenance OFWM on-farm water management PAM project administration manual PDAF Priority Development Assistance Fund PDWRAM provincial department of water resources and meteorology PMU project management unit PPTA project preparatory technical assistance PRASAC Programme de rehabilitation et d’appui au secteur agricole du Cambodge RGC Royal Government of Cambodia RRP Report and Recommendation to the President SPRSS Summary Poverty Reduction and Social Strategy SWAT soil and water assessment tool TNA training needs assessment TSLRDP Tonle Sap Lowlands Rural Development Project TOR terms of reference TSC technical service center TSSD Tonle Sap Smallholder Development Project UIWRMP Uplands Irrigation and Water Resources Management Sector Project WRMSDP Water Resources Management Sector Development Program MEASUREMENT UNITS AND SYMBOLS km kilometer m meter m3 cubic meter mcm million cubic meter msl mean sea level (in meters) km2 square kilometer ha hectare NOTES In this report, "$" refers to US dollars. 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