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Environmental Monitoring Report

Semi-Annual Report January–June 2012

CAM: Rural Roads Improvement Project Consulting Services for Detailed Design and Implementation Supervisio

Prepared by the Korea Consultants International in association with Filipinas Dravo Corporation for the Ministry of Public Works and Transport, the Kingdom of , and the Asian Development Bank.

CURRENCY EQUIVALENTS (as of 1 July 2012)

Currency unit – riel (KR) KR1.00 = $0.00024 $1.00 = KR4,082

NOTE In this report, "$" refers to US dollars unless otherwise stated.

This environmental monitoring report is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB's Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature.

In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area.

KINGDOM OF CAMBODIA

MINISTRY OF RURAL DEVELOPMENT

ADB LOAN 2670-CAM (SF) RURAL ROADS IMPROVEMENT PROJECT

Consulting Services for Detailed Design and Implementation Supervision (DDIS)

SEMI-ANNUAL ENVIRONMENT MONITORING REPORT

AUGUST 2012

KOREA CONSULTANTS INTERNATIONAL in association with Filipinas Dravo Corporation

CONTENTS

DEFINITION AND ABBREVIATIONS BASIC DATA EXECUTIVE SUMMARY LOCATION MAP OF PROJECT ROADS

1. INTRODUCTION 1

2. ENVIRONMENT MONITORING MECHANISM 3 2.1 Introduction 3 2.2 Environment Management Plan (EMP) 3 2.3 Environment Monitoring Program 3 2.4 Measurements 3 2.5 Timing of Monitoring 5 2.6 Monitoring of CEMP 5

3. RESULTS OF MONITORING 6 3.1 Condition Surveys 6 3.2 Contract CW-B Site 6 3.3 Contract CW-C Site 7 3.4 Contract CW-A Site 9 3.5 Check List of EMP Implementation 9 3.6 CEMP 9 3.7 Review of Environment Parameters 9

4. CONCLUSION 12

APPENDICES

A. Check List of EMP Implementation – Contract CW-B B. Check List of EMP Implementation – Contract CW-C C. Check List of EMP Implementation – Contract CW-A D. Contractor’s environment Monitoring Plan (CEMP)- CW-B E. Contractor’s Environment Management Plan (CEMP)- CW-C

ABBREVIATIONS

ADB Asian Development Bank AP Project Affected People APL Protected Landscape APSARA Authority for Protection and Management of Angkor and the Region of BOD biological oxygen demand CEMP contractor’s environment management plan COI corridor of impact DBST double bituminous seal DDIS Detailed Design and Implementation Supervision EIA environmental impact assessment EMP Environmental Management Plan GoC Government of Cambodia GGF Good Governance Framework GRM grievance redress mechanism IEE Initial Environmental Examination KCI Korea Consultants International KEXIM Korea Export and Import Bank MCFA Ministry of Culture and Fine Arts MEF Ministry of Economy and Finance MOU Memorandum of Understanding MRD Ministry of Rural Development MOE Ministry of Environment MT motorized transport NDF Nordic Development Fund NGO Non-government Organization NTFP non-timber forest products PDRD Provincial Department of Rural Development PMU Project Management Unit PPTA Project Preparation Technical Assistance PSP Prasat Sambour Preikuk RGC Royal Government of Cambodia ROW Right of Way RP Resettlement Plan SDR Special Drawing Right SEO Social and Environment Office SPS ADB’s Safeguard Policy Statement STD Sexually Transmitted Disease TOR Terms of Reference UNESCO United Nations Educational Scientific and Cultural Organization UXO Unexploded Ordnance

BASIC DATA

Loan Details

Country : Kingdom of Cambodia Loan number : ADB Loan 2670-CAM (SF) Project Title : Rural Roads Improvement Project Borrower : Ministry of Economy and Finance Executing Agency : Ministry of Rural Development

Loan Amount : SDR 23,134,000 (US$35 million equivalent) Loan Period : 32 years including 8 years of grace period Loan Approved Date : 23 September 2010 Loan agreement signed : 22 October 2010 Loan effectiveness date : 6 January 2011 Loan closing date : 30 June 2016

Status of Project Financing

Amount ($ million) Description ADB KEXIM NDF RGC Total A. Investment Costs 1. Improvement of 19 Roads -CW-A Improve 6 roads, 210.7 km 15.16 2.16 17.32 -CW-B Improve 5 roads, 142.2 km 9.31 1.28 10.59 -CW-C: Improve 8 roads, 152.5 km 10.79 1.47 12.26 2.. Consulting Services for DDIS - Consulting Service for 13 roads and SEU 2.70 0.55 3.25

- Consulting Service for 6 roads 1.79 0.34 2.13 - Preparation of future Project 0.50 0.10 0.60 3. Road Asset Management (Consulting) 1.73 0.27 2.00 4. Road Safety and Safeguards - Road Safety 0.63 0.07 0.70 - HIV/AIDS & Human Trafficking Prevention 0.21 0.04 0.25 5. Climate Change Adaptation 5.40 5.40 6. Contingency Physical 3.65 1.69 5.34 7. Contingency Price 3.94 2.34 6.28 Subtotal (A) 33.46 20.98 5.40 6.28 66.12 B. Incremental Administration Cost 1. Project Management 0.62 0.37 0.99 2. Priority Operating Cost (POC) 0.60 0.60 Subtotal (B) 0.62 0.97 1.59 C. Interest During Construction Interest during Construction 0.92 0.92 Service Charge 0.02 0.02 Subtotal (C) 0.92 0.02 0.94

Total Project Cost (A+B+C) 35.00 21.00 5.40 7.25 68.65

Korea Consultants International Rural Roads Improvement Project in association with Filipinas Dravo Corp ADB Loan No. 2670-CAM (SF)

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

1. The Rural Roads Improvement Project (RRIP) will be implemented for a period of 5 years, from 2011 and will be completed in 2015. The Project has five (5) key components, namely: (i) civil works for improvement of 19 roads (505.4 km); (ii) consulting services for detailed design and implementation supervision; (iii) road asset management component, dealing with asset management capabilities of the MRD; (iv) road safety and safeguards; (v) climate change, adaptation component which details with climate change and emergency management activities.

2. The road will provide an all-year road access from provincial towns and agricultural areas, and will provide greater accessibility to basic facilities and services. It will also strengthen the capacity of the MRD to plan, manage and monitor road maintenance operations and implementing the loan covenants and other conditions in the loan package including the establishment of a Social and Environmental Office (SEO) in MRD, and increasing linkages and involving the Provincial Department Rural Development (PDRD) in project implementation and monitoring.

3. The Project will upgrade targeted existing unpaved rural roads in seven provinces to a paved road standard with double bituminous surface treatment (DBST) without widening or improving alignment. Project will also improve drainage structures such as box culvert and pipe culverts, but reconstruction of bridge is limited to existing wooden bridges. The Project is classified as environment category B and an initial environmental examination (lEE) was conducted as part of project preparation in accordance with ADB Safeguard Policy Statement of 2009 (ADB SPS).

4. The civil works comprise the improvement of 19 existing earth or gravel surfaced roads in seven provinces. The project is covered by ADB Loan-2670-CAM (Contract CW-B and Contract CW-C) in four provinces (Kampong Speu, , and ) while the rural roads in three provinces (, Kampong Thom and Siem Reap) are covered by loans from KEXIM bank of the Government of Korea (Contract CW-A).

5. The International Environmental Specialist was mobilized for semi-annual environment monitoring of the civil works between July 2nd and July 16th 2012. They reviewed the activities of the contractors in the project sites in order to ensure compliance with ADB’s Social Safeguard Policy Statement 2009. He was accompanied by the National Environmental Specialist, SEO and PDRD staff of MRD and the DDIS consultants and the contractor’s representatives.

6. The essence of monitoring is to ensure compliance with environmental legislation. The contractors have a duty to comply with the relevant legislation. The DDIS consultant must check their activities and report to MRD. In the event of noncompliance with EMP, MRD can instruct the contractor to comply.

Semi-Annual Environment Monitoring Report i

Korea Consultants International Rural Roads Improvement Project in association with Filipinas Dravo Corp ADB Loan No. 2670-CAM (SF)

7. The CEMP is monitored and enforced by the Supervision Consultants inspectors who use Checklists included in the EMP. By using the checklists consistency is maintained between the various packages. The checklists are compiled every month and the checklists for Contract Packages CW-A, B and C for February to June were sighted and reviewed by the International Environmental Specialist. The checklists had been filled in correctly and reporting was thorough. No environmental issues were identified. Dust from roads was commented upon but was not a significant issue and did not require remedial works at the time of the inspection. No complaints from villagers were reported.

8. In order to confirm the environmental conditions of the project roads, several project roads were selected as being typical and site surveys carried out. This was performed by the International Environmental Specialist, the National Environmental Specialist, staff from MRD SEO (Social and Environmental Office) and accompanied by staff of PDRD.

9. Environment parameters were checked and reviewed by each contract packages. All three civil works contract packages have been evaluated satisfactory and only minor issues were found, remedial action of which could be undertaken by the contractors and subsequently be followed up by the DDIS consultants and SEO.

10. Through the semi-annual environment monitoring on the ongoing civil works sites of the Project by the international environment specialist and SEO of MRD, at the present time there are no adverse environmental issues associated with the project implementation. It is recommended that DDIS consultants together with SEO should inspect the sites frequently and closely monitor the contractor’s field activities to be complied with the requirement in the IEE, EMP and CEMP. Another review will take place after 6 months.

Semi-Annual Environment Monitoring Report ii

LOCATION MAP OF PROJECT ROADS (NORTHERN PART: 4 PROVINCES) 260,000 280,000 300,000 320,000 7#340,0007# 360,000 380,000 400,000 420,000 440,000 460,000 480,000 500,000 520,000 7# Nam Tau 7# 7# 7# 7# 7# !PSrei Snam KuleaenPreah Vihear 7# Tram Sasar Varin Srae Nouy 7#!P 7# Tbaeng 7# 7# Paoy Char 7# 7# 7# Phnum Penh 1$7# Ou Bei Choan !P Ta Phou 7# !P # Chhean Mukh 7#!P 7# 7# 7# 7# Srae Khvav 7 7# Sarongk 7# 7# 7# 7# Phnum Srok 7# Kantuot 56 !P7# 7# Koul R2 7# 7# tu 2S Phnum Tbaeng Pir 1,520,000 Soengh 7# tu67 # 1,520,000 7# Tean Kam UV Srayang 7 7# 7# Saen Sokh Angkor7# Chum 7# 7# 7# Phnum Tbaeng Muoy 7#!P 267#6D 7# Bos Sbov ut68 Ta Saom UV 7# Chey Saen 7# 7# 7# 7# 7# 7# Khun Ream !P7# 7# 7# 7# Kdei Run Chob Ta Trav Ta Siem Ro'ang 7# !P7# 7# Kralanh 7# 7# 7# 7# 7# 7# 7# Banteay Mean Chey Preah Netr Preah 6 ut2 7# 7# 7#!P 1 7# # tu # 7# 7# 7# $7#!P7# 7# 7# 7 7 Kralanh7# 7# Peak Snaeng !P 4 Sangkom Thmei 1 7# 6E 7# !P7# 7# Sranal Yeang 267# Serei SaophoanMongkol7# Borei 7# 7# UV Khnar Sanday Svay Leu 7# 1,500,000 # Prey Chruk # 7# !P 1,500,000 Bat !P7 Prasat 7# 7# 7 Tbaeng 7# 7# 7# Svay Chek Rumdaoh Putrea 7# Srah Reang 7# Sasar Sdam 7# 7# 7# # 7# 7# 7# 7# 7 Mukh Paen Angkor Thum7# Ou7# Prasat 7# # 7# 7# Boeng Mealea 7# 7# 7 !P 7# Chamnaom 7# 7# Puok Preak Dak 7# 7# 7# Ruos Roan !P Khnat Nokor Thum 7# Phnum Touch 7# 7# Ronak Ser Rik Reay 7# 7# Ballangk 7# # 7# Khvav 7# 7# 7# 7 7# 7# Lvea 7# Siem7# Reab7# 7# Siem Reab 7#Rovieng 1,480,000 # 1,480,000 7# Pou Treay 7 !P7# Prasat7# Bakong Romtom 7# 7# 7# 9 Chrouy Sdau 7# 1$7#7# 7# 7# # !P # 7# 5 7# 7#!P 7 7# 7 7# Chreav 2 tu 7# 7# ut6 7# 7# 7# 2 ut 7#Trapeang Thum 7# Ta Yaek 4 6 7# 3 7# Romoniy Rung Chrey # Thmor Kol Khchas Pongro Leu bevl 7# 7# 7# 7 7# 7# 7# 7# !P7# !P7# Chong Khnies 7# 7# 7# Soutr Nikom Kdol Ta Haen 7# !P7# 7# Kampong Phluk 7# 7# 7# 5 7# Sangvaeuy Pongro Kraom ut 7# 7# # Sa Kream 1,460,000 1,460,000 7 7# 7# #7Ekh Phnom Ou Ta Ki 7#7#!P7 Popok ut 7# 7# 7# 64 Norea7# Chi Kraeng Kraya Bat Dambang 7# 7# Kampong Khleang 7#!P 7# UV Sandan 7# 7#7# 7# 7# 7# 2 7#7# K 7# 7# 7#!P Sang Ke Chi Kraeng T !P 7# # 7# 2 Sochet 1$7 !P7# 7# 7#Lveaeng Ruessei 7# Battambang7# 7#7# 7# Anlong Samnar 7# Sameakki 7# Phan7# Nheum 7# Phnum Sampov Pralay 7# 7# 7# 7# 7# Doung 1,440,000 1,440,000 # 77# 7# Klaeng 7# 7# 7# 7# Kampong Pring 7# Banan 7# Stoung Prasat Balangk 7# !P7# Koul 7#!P 7# 7#!P7# 7#7# Ni Pechr Samprouch 7# 7# UV2 7# 7# Damrei Slab 6 Rattana7# Mondol7# 7# 2 7# 0 !P7# 7# Chamnar Leu Prasat Sambour Andaeuk Haeb Peam Bang 7# 7# !P 7# Chaeng Mean Chey 7# Sambour 7# 7# 7# 7# 7# ut5 7# 7 Tang Krasau 1 1,420,000 1,420,000 B UVB3 San Kor 7# 7# 7# Reang Til 7# Tbaeng Kampong Svay Kaos7# Krala 7# 7# 7# !P7# 7#!P7# 7#!PMoung Russei Kampong Svay Preah Phos 7# 7# 7# 7# 1 # Kampong Thum 7# 7# BB 7 Ruessei Krang 7# 7# Stueng7# Saen UV2 # Me Tuek 7# Ou Kanthor7#7#!P7# 7 7# 7# 1$7# 7# Preaek Chik Ou7# Ta Paong Srae Sdok Srayov Ti Pou 7# 7# 154D 7# 7# 7# 7# 1,400,000 1,400,000 VU Sya Kakaoh !P B1 7# Kanhchor Phat Sanday 1B Bakan 7# 7# 7# 7# Sung 7# UV Rumlech 7#7# 7# Chroab 7#7# 7# !P Kandieng 7# LEGENDLEGEND 7# Rokkha Kiri 7#7#!P7# 7# Kampong Luong Santuk Kraya Kampong Lpov 15 7# 7# 1 7# 7# 7# !P UV5D Pousat Sampov7#7# MeasUV52E !P7# Boeng Lvea 7# 7# Sna Ansa Krakor 7# 7# Ou Samrel Roleab1$!P7# Pnov 7# 7# 7# 7# 7# 7# 7#!P7# Chhnok Tru 7# # Proposed DBST Road 7# 5 7# 7 Ballangk 7# Ta Lou 7# ut5 Ansa Chambak 7#7# 7# 7# Krava 7#National/Provincial Road Bak Chenhchien 7#Chak 7# 1,380,000 1,380,000 7# 1 7# Krapeu Pir 155 7# Baribour 7 7# VUC 7# Boeng7# tu 7# Commune Border Popel!P Chranouk # Prongil 7 1PS2 7# Phlov Tuk 7# Baray UV 7# 7# 7# # Ta Prok District Border 7# Phsar7# !P7# 7 Pech Changvar 7# Kampong Preah7# Kokir 7# Phnum Kravanh Svay Sa 7# 7# 7# Dar 7# 7# 7# Pou Commune Center !P7#7# 7# 7# 7# 7# Treal 7# 7# Svay Rumpear 7# Chamkar Leu !P 7# 7# !P District Center Pramaoy µ Chheu Tom Anlong Reab 7# 7# 7# 7# 1,360,000 1,360,000 # 7# Kampong7# Chhnang7# Chrolong7 River/Lake 2010 0 20 7# 7# 7# !P 7# UV1K 7#7# Pongro C 1$# 7#7# Kilometers H 7# 7 7# 7# Thma Da 2 7# !PRolea B'ier 7# 7#1$ Province Center 7# !P 7# 7# Kouk7# Banteay 7# Chol Sar Pring Chrum Chol Kiri 7# 7# Provincial Border Prey Mul 7#7# 7# 2 7# 6 7# !P Trab tuKrouch7# 7# Cheung Kreav 7# # 7# 7# 7 260,000 280,000 300,000 320,000 340,000 360,000 380,000 400,000 420,000 440,000 460,000 480,000 500,000 520,000 LOCATION MAP OF PROJECT ROADS (SOUTHERN PART: 3 PROVINCES) 400,000 420,000 440,000 460,000 480,000 500,000 520,000 540,000 560,000 580,000 600,000 620,000 7# 7# Phsar # 7# 7# 7# # 7# 7# !P7Baray 7# Dang Kdar Areaks Tnaot Kaoh Chraeng Pech Changvar 7 Kokir 7# 7# 7# Svay Sa 7# 7# 7# Dar 7# 7# Pou 7# Chamkar Andoung Lvea Leu 7# 7# Treal 7# 7# Preaek Prasap Svay Rumpear 7# Chamkar7# Leu !P 7# Sralau 7# !P Kanhchor Chheu Tom Svay Teab 2 VU Krouch Chhmar Andoung Pou 7#2 3 7# 7# 7# Preaek Kak 7 7# Ta Mau # 2 1,360,000 7#Kampong Leaeng # 7 1 7# 1,360,000 7 tu 7# Chrolong 7# !P 7# 7# 7# 7# 7# 7# Kampong Chhnang# 7# 7#!P 7# 7# Pongro7# Chhloung 7# 7 7# Stueng Trang Peus Pir Chumnik 7# UV1K Srae Thmei7#7# Pongro !P7# 7# 7# 7# 7# !P7# C 1$ 7#7# Ta Ong 7# 7# H Krang Leav 7# 7# 7# Tuol Preah Khleang 2 # 7# 7# !P 7 7# ut73 7# ut53 Rolea B'ier 6 !P7# 7# 7# tu Preaek Bak Bos Khnaor 7# 7# Rolea B'ier7# Chol Sar Pring Chrum 7# Damrei Phong 7# 7# 7# Prey Mul 7#7# 7# Chol Kiri 2 Chhuk 7# 6 Thma Pun 7# 7# !P tu7# # Kaoh Pir Cheung Kreav Trab Krouch 7 Srak 7#7# 7# 7# Trapeang Kor 7# 7# Tuol Snuol 7# Tuek Hout 7# Kor 7# Kampong Damrei Tang Krasang Sdaeung Chey 7# 7# 71 7# 1,340,000 1,340,000 7# 7# tu Rumchek 7# Seda 7# Baray 7# 7# 7# Kaoh 7#Tumnob 7# 7# Trean Kien Chrey Saeb 7# 7# 7# 7# Prey Chhor#7 7# Rumchek 7# Cheung Prey 7# 7# Trapeang Pring 7# Khlong Popok Tuek Phos 7# !P7# 7# 7# !P7# 7# Krala Roka Po Pram 7# 7# !P Ph'av Samraong 7# 7# 7# Thma Pechr 7# 7# 7# 7# Ro'ang 7# Ta Ches 7# 7# Phdau Chum Dambae Chieb Akphivoadth 7# 7# # Kampong Cham7# 7# 7#7#7# # 7# 7# 7# 7 !P 7 7# 7# Batheay ut7#0 Kampong1$!P7# Siem Krang Lvea 7# !P7# 7# Kor 7# Thma Edth Soutip 7# 7# 7# 7# Kampoan Kbal Tuek 7# 7# Kang Meas 7# Kampong Cham 7# 7# 7# Kampong Tralach Khchau7# 7# 7# 7# !P 7# 7# Reay Pay 7#!P 7# 7# 7# Dambae 7# 7# 7# 7# Kaoh Andaet Kaoh Soutin Chob 1,320,000 7# Kampong Tralach Chealea 7# 7# 7# 7# 7# 7# Tboung7# Khmum !P 1,320,000 7# 7# Preaek Rumdeng 7# 7# !P7#7# 7#Tuek Chrov Sameakki Mean Chey Sedthei 7# 7# Kaoh Soutin 7# 7# Kokir 7# 3 Tang Krang 7 # 7# 7# !P7# 7# 7 37 !P H Longveaek Sambour 7# 7# 7# tu 3C C Chikor Sralab VU K 7# 7# Sdau7# 1 7# 7# 7# 7# UV 7# 7# 7# 7# 7# 7# Ta Aek Srei7# Santhor Pnov Ti Muoy Lve# 7# VU 5 Svay Ampear7# 7# 7# 7# Kandaol Chrum Memot 1 Kaoh Chen 7# 7#!P 7# 5 t 7# 7# # 7# Popel !P 1 7# u7# 7# 7# 7 7# 7# Trapeang Chour 7# C 7# 7# Mien 7# 7# Amleang 7# Phsar Daek Svay Pou Pram Yam 7# 7# Ou Reang Ov 7# Ponhea Kraek 7# 7# Svay Romiet 7# Pnov Ti Pir 7# !P7# Dar Svay Chuk 7# 7# 7# 7# 7# Sithor Kandal!P7# Chak 7# 7# Phnum Bat 7# 7# Kraek 7# 7# 7#7# !P 0 7# 7# Rung Veal Pon 7# 7# 7 7# Doun Tei

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1.0 Introduction

1. As the remote rural economy is becoming increasingly dependent on the improved national road network, the rural road network continues to deteriorate due to lack of adequate road maintenance, combined with rapidly growing traffic, lack of maintenance financing, poor road maintenance standards, inadequate institutional capacity in road maintenance and management, lack of private contractor capacity, and design and construction deficiencies.

2. The Rural Roads Improvement Project (RRIP) will be implemented for a period of 5 years, from 2011 and will be completed in 2015. The Project has five (5) key components, namely: (i) civil works for improvement of 19 roads (505.4 km); (ii) consulting services for detailed design and implementation supervision; (iii) road asset management component, dealing with asset management capabilities of the MRD; (iv) road safety and safeguards; (v) climate change, adaptation component which details with climate change and emergency management activities.

3. The civil works comprise the improvement of 19 existing earth or gravel surfaced roads in seven provinces to a bitumen sealed standard using a double bituminous surface treatment (DBST), including placement as necessary of sub-base and road base, using unbound materials for the road pavement. The Rural Roads Improvement Project (RRIP) will be implemented in selected rural roads in 7 , namely: (i) Kampong Speu, (ii) Kampong Chhnang, (iii) Kampong Cham, (iv) Kampong Thom, (v) Siem Reap, (vi) Pursat and (vii) Battambang. The project is covered by ADB Loan-2670-CAM in four provinces (Contract CW-B and Contract CW-C) while the rural roads in three provinces (Kampong Cham, Kampong Thom and Siem Reap) are covered by loans from KEXIM bank of the Government of Korea (Contract CW-A). The list of project rural roads is shown in Table 1.

4. The project is expected to benefit about 560,000 beneficiaries residing in the areas covered by the project with the Ministry of Rural Development (MRD) as the Executing Agency (EA). The road will provide an all-year road access from provincial towns and agricultural areas, and will provide greater accessibility to basic facilities and services. It will also strengthen the capacity of the MRD to plan, manage and monitor road maintenance operations and implementing the loan covenants and other conditions in the loan package including the establishment of a Social and Environmental Office (SEO) in MRD, and increasing linkages and involving the Provincial Department Rural Development (PDRD) in project implementation and monitoring.

5. The Project will upgrade targeted existing unpaved rural roads in seven provinces to a paved road standard with double bituminous surface treatment (DBST) without widening or improving alignment. Project will also improve drainage structures such as box culvert and pipe culverts, but reconstruction of bridge is limited to existing wooden bridges. The Project is classified as environment category B and an initial environmental examination (lEE) was conducted as part of project preparation in accordance with ADB Safeguard Policy Statement of 2009 (ADB SPS).

Semi-annual Environment Monitoring Report 1 Korea Consultants International Rural Roads Improvement Project in association with Filipinas Dravo Corp ADB Loan No. 2670-CAM (SF)

Table 1. List of Project Roads

Provincial Road Length Province District(s) Name of Road Link sub-total No No. km km 1 370 Kampong Cham Tboung Khmum-Ou Cheung Lang (Phsar 29.4 Reang Ov Soung) -Ou Reang Ov

2 371 Kampong Cham Krouch Chhmar Peus Pir-Kdol Leu (Trea) 20.8 3 373C Kampong Cham Memot Memot (National Road 18.5 68.7 7)-Kabbas 4 2620/ Kampong Thom Prasat Sambour & Prasat Sambour - 66.2 66.2 2KT2 Sandan Sandan 5 1KCH2 Kampong Rolea B'ier - Tuek Phos Phsar Pongro - Ra 25.3 Chhnang Krang Skear 6 151C Kampong Sameakki Mean Chey Link 1: Phsar Trach-Ra 35.1 Chhnang Tbeng Khpos (10.4 km) Link 2: Wat Tbeng Khpos-Spean Our Tatep (6.7 km) Link 3: Spean Our Ta Tep-Phnom Prah Theat (18 km)

7 1KCH3 Kampong Sameakki Mean Chey Spean Pou - Ra Mean 12.5 72.8 Chhnang Nor 8 154D Pursat Bakan Boeng Khnar-MeToeuk 11.1 9 152E Pursat Kan Dieng Kantuot - Kampong po 8.8 10 155D Pursat Bakan Boeng Khnar-Taluo 20.0 11 155C Pursat Kravanh Trapaing Chorng - Phtas 22.4 Rung 12 1PS2 Pursat Bakan Samraong - Talou 18.3 80.5

13 1BB1 Battambang Moung Prey Svay - Prey 24.9 Ruessei- Tralach Ruessei Krang 14 1BB2 Battambang Moung NR5 (railway) – Prek 23.2 Ruessei- Chik – Chong Por 15 1BB3 & Battambang Moung Rues sei Chrey - Taloas Kakoah 23.9 72.0 1BB4 16 1KS3 Kampong Speu Phnom Sruoch- Phsar Trapeang 45.4 Basedth Kraloeng-Phsar Pangkassei 17 1KS4 Kampong Speu Phnom Sruoch Kiri Reaksmei - Dak Por 23.9 69.4

18 266E Siem Reap Puok- Angkor Chum Puok- Angkor Chum 29.6

19 266D & Siem Reap Angkor Thum- Angkor Leang Dai - Svay Sa 46.2 75.8 2SR2 Chum & Varin

Total length: 505.4

Semi-Annual Environment Monitoring Report 2 Korea Consultants International Rural Roads Improvement Project in association with Filipinas Dravo Corp ADB Loan No. 2670-CAM (SF)

2.0 Environment Monitoring Mechanism

2.1 Introduction

6. The International Environmental Specialist was mobilized for semi-annual environment monitoring of the civil works between July 2nd and July 16th 2012. They reviewed the activities of the contractors in the project sites in order to ensure compliance with ADB’s Social Safeguard Policy Statement 2009. He was accompanied by the National Environmental Specialist, SEO and PDRD staff of MRD and the DDIS consultants and the contractor’s representatives.

2.2 Environmental Management Plan (EMP)

7. The IEE contains an EMP (Environmental Management Plan) and this was included in the bidding documents of civil works during procurement stage. The contractors considered the requirements of the EMP when submitting their bids as the requirements of the EMP become contractually binding on the contracts.

8. The EMP included in the bidding documents is, of necessity, general in scope. This is because specific details such as location of contractors camps, borrow areas, rock sources, crushing plants and the like are not known at the bidding stage. These details must be supplied by the contractor in his CEMP – Contractors Environmental Management Plan.

2.3 Environmental Monitoring Program

9. The Environmental Monitoring Program is included in the Environmental Management Plan and so the EMP can be considered as an EMMP - Environmental Management and Monitoring Plan.

10. The essence of monitoring is to ensure compliance with environmental legislation. The contractors have a duty to comply with the relevant legislation. The DDIS consultant must check their activities and report to MRD. In the event of noncompliance with EMP, MRD can instruct the contractor to comply.

2.4 Measurements

11. It may be necessary to carry out measurements to establish if the regulations are being met. In fact, simple compliance with the standards is not necessarily the final objective. There is no harm in the contractor “going beyond compliance” and running an operation better than that required by the law. The measurements to be made and standards to be met are given below. There will be a “hierarchy” of monitoring and measurements. This would be based on :

• Contractors • Consultants inspectors

Semi-Annual Environment Monitoring Report 3 Korea Consultants International Rural Roads Improvement Project in association with Filipinas Dravo Corp ADB Loan No. 2670-CAM (SF)

• SEO environmental staff from MRD • Ministry of Environment (MOE would only involved if an official complaint was made to them)

12. Initially, contractors should check daily that all operations are being conducted correctly. In general “good housekeeping” must be employed. If contractor’s camps are established, then overflowing of septic tanks must be checked by visual inspection. Dust must be controlled by covering of stockpiles and water sprays. Solid waste, engine oil and grease, must be taken away by waste removal contractors and records kept. For road construction operations, dust suppression and noise control are usually the main sources of potential nuisance if activities take place near residential dwellings. Crusher plants and borrow areas can also be sources of noise and dust. Inspection of borrow areas should also include borrow roads used by contractors vehicles. After extraction from borrow areas is finished, reinstatement must be carried out. Warning signs must be erected to avoid drowning if deep ponds are left. Inspectors and SEO staff must make regular checks by visual inspection.

13. Construction supervision inspectors are making daily spot checks and weekly formal checks on site operations. They check all of the above and view records for waste disposal. They must also investigate any pollution incidents or complaints. They are using checklists for record purposes and ensure that any complaints or incident are brought to the notice of the contractor immediately, verbally and with a follow up written notice.

14. Initial monitoring is based on visual inspection and site assessment. Measurements require specialist equipment and this only needed if a significant incident occurs. Normally, implementation of “Good Housekeeping” and the contractor demonstrating a responsible attitude are sufficient to ensure an environmentally satisfactory operation.

15. If vibration measurements or dust measurements are required then specialized equipment will be needed. The responsibility for requesting the measurements will be the consultant’s. SEO will liaise with MOE and DOE to arrange the measurements. MOE have vibration equipment for measurement of traffic and blasting vibrations.

16. If dust measurements are needed than a two stage process must be adopted. A high volume sampler (HVS) will be deployed by MOE. After a suitable period, usually 24 hours, the filter in the HVS will be retrieved by MOE staff and transported to the laboratory for the second stage which is analysis. This requires highly specialized equipment which MOE possess in . The MOE will charge for this service. These charges must be covered by the contractor.

17. The results must be submitted to SEO who will interpret them with respect to the relevant regulations. Discussions must then be held between SEO, the consultants’ inspectors and the contractor to determine how to resolve any problems.

Semi-Annual Environment Monitoring Report 4 Korea Consultants International Rural Roads Improvement Project in association with Filipinas Dravo Corp ADB Loan No. 2670-CAM (SF)

2.5 Timing of Monitoring

18. The timing of the monitoring is important. The following list is for guidance and is indicative only.

• Liquid emissions from sites must be checked every three months or after heavy rain if overflowing is reported. Measurements in streams and water courses must be made. • Dust emissions on site must be checked weekly by visual inspection and monthly by examining records of water spraying. Ambient air quality must be checked over a 24 hour continuous period at sensitive receptors in the event of complaints. • Noise levels must be checked every three months at site perimeters, or in the event of a complaint, at night as well as during the daytime. • Correct removal and disposal of food waste and waste engine oil and grease must be checked weekly by visual inspection of the camps and checking of records from the waste disposal contractors. • Noise and vibration must be checked at sensitive receptors if blasting occurs or in the event of complaint. Before blasting commences warning notices must be posted to local residents. • Reinstatement of borrow pits and quarries must be checked after closure of the facility.

19. In addition to regular monitoring, unannounced spot checks must be made by SEO on contractors operations. All of the above procedures should be carried out by the site inspectors, in conjunction with SEO, and where appropriate MOE/ DOE. The results should be formally recorded every week and compiled into a monthly report. This should be submitted to the Engineer, the Chief Resident Engineer and discussed with SEO and the contractors as necessary but at a minimum on a monthly basis. Monthly reports are being compiled into semi-annual reports for submission to ADB.

2.6 Monitoring of CEMP

20. The CEMP is monitored and enforced by the Supervision Consultants inspectors who use Checklists included in the EMP. By using the checklists consistency is maintained between the various packages. The checklists are compiled every month and the checklists for Contract Packages CW-A, B and C for February to June were sighted and reviewed by the International Environmental Specialist. The checklists had been filled in correctly and reporting was thorough. No environmental issues were identified. Dust from roads was commented upon but was not a significant issue and did not require remedial works at the time of the inspection. No complaints from villagers were reported.

Semi-Annual Environment Monitoring Report 5 Korea Consultants International Rural Roads Improvement Project in association with Filipinas Dravo Corp ADB Loan No. 2670-CAM (SF)

3.0 Results of Monitoring

3.1 Condition Surveys

21. In order to confirm the environmental conditions of the project roads, several project roads were selected as being typical and site surveys carried out. This was performed by the International Environmental Specialist, the National Environmental Specialist, staff from MRD SEO (Social and Environmental Office) and accompanied by staff of PDRD. Observations are given below.

3.2 Contract CW-B Site

(1) Environmental Conditions Kampong Chhnang (Road 151C)

22. The Road 151C of Contract CW-B in was inspected on July 6th 2012, at 9:00 a.m., by the environment monitoring team. At the location (N o11.8402; E o104.7169), the contractor was replacing cross drainage structures. Only dry materials were being used and there was no evidence of liquid spills such as oil or fuels. No contamination of adjacent rice paddies was seen and there was no impact on farmer’s fields. The contractor’s activities were considered acceptable.

23. At 9:50 a.m., another observation was carried out (Location No11.8171; Eo104.6759) where grading of embankment was taking place. No adverse impacts were observed.

24. At 10:25 a.m., an inspection was made of an irrigation water gate on the project road. (Location N o11.8042; Eo104.5983). No environment impacts were observed of the contractor’s activities on the irrigation structure. However, passing heavy vehicles were causing entrainment of road surface dust which may be impacting on roadside residential properties. Increased water spraying is recommended.

Embankment and rice padi Dust entrainment from Heavy Vehicles

(2) Environmental Conditions Kampong Speu (Road 1KS3)

25. Kampong Speu was visited on July 6th 2012, at 1600 hours. A large crushing plant was visited and inspected. There are 10 crushing plants in the vicinity of the project road and this one was selected as being typical of operations. (Location No11.3573; Eo104.4503). It is owned by HTK, a Chinese company, and the manager interviewed has been there for one

Semi-Annual Environment Monitoring Report 6 Korea Consultants International Rural Roads Improvement Project in association with Filipinas Dravo Corp ADB Loan No. 2670-CAM (SF)

year. The plant was run in orderly fashion and water sprays were being used for dust suppression on conveyor belts depositing screened stone. There were no residential properties observed in the area.

26. The project road was then visited. Contractor’s activities were observed at Sta.14+000. The site coordinator, Mr. Chan, was interviewed. Passing vehicles were causing entrainment of surface dust. Mr. Chan reported that there had been no rain for three weeks so conditions were dry and encouraged dust. He normally sprayed water as necessary but on the day of the visit his water bowser was broken down. He was advised to concentrate on spraying road sections where residential properties were adjacent to the road. No other environmental issues were observed.

Dust control with water sprays Road grading operation

3.3 Contract CW-C Site

(1) Environmental Conditions Pursat

27. The Director of PDRD Pursat was interviewed on 10th July 2012. He reported that no complaints had been received from any villagers on environmental issues, the contractor were performing satisfactorily and were complying with the CEMP. Examination of the monthly reports showed one incidence of a noise complaint at lunch time but the contractor solved the problem by switching off the vehicles engines at break times.

28. A borrow area was visited which actually belongs to the government and is being used by the contractor (Location No12.3995; Eo103.7189). It is providing subgrade material for roads 1PS2 and 155D. The contractor is not allowed to excavate deeper for material and so must extend the area. The winning of material will continue for another 1 to 2 years. The contractor was informed that 3 months before ending the removal of material he must prepare a Closure Plan which must be submitted to the Supervising Consultants for approval. This should give details of final slope stabilization, grading of surface material, replacement of topsoil, eradication of any stationary ponds of water to prevent mosquito breeding and warning signs advising against swimming. The emphasis must be on leaving an area which does not pose a safety hazard to local children or to livestock. The contractor agreed to do so.

Semi-Annual Environment Monitoring Report 7 Korea Consultants International Rural Roads Improvement Project in association with Filipinas Dravo Corp ADB Loan No. 2670-CAM (SF)

Borrow areas with steep slopes Open ponding – swimming hazard

(2) Environmental Conditions Battambang

29. A crushing plant was visited on 11th July 2012. The plant is owned by SK Contractor and located at Phnom Thep Dei (Location No12.8668; Eo103.2681). It supplies aggregate material for base course and concrete for roads in Contract CW-C. The plant was inspected and it was noted that there are no water sprays for dust suppression on the conveyor systems. Also the noise levels were estimated to be above the level at which hearing protection is needed. Workers operating the control platform are exposed to high noise levels. It is recommended that all workers be provided full PPE (Personal Protective Equipment). This should include safety helmets, safety boots, masks and ear defenders.

30. Located at a distance of approximately 300 metres from the plant is a small village of 10 households and a school. The villagers voiced some concerns over dust and noise. It is recommended that the contractor send a representative to speak with the villagers, investigate whether their complaints are valid and take remedial action if necessary. This should be followed up by the Consultants Inspectors and staff of SEO.

Crushing Plant Nearby village

Semi-Annual Environment Monitoring Report 8 Korea Consultants International Rural Roads Improvement Project in association with Filipinas Dravo Corp ADB Loan No. 2670-CAM (SF)

3.4 Contract CW-A (KEXIM financing section)

(1) Environmental Conditions Kampong Thom (Road #2620)

31. Kampong Thom (Road #2620) was visited on 11th July 2012. This is the access road to Sambor Preikuk Temple. The progress of works was not active due to wet season. Approximately 5 kms of the road, out of 15kms total length, has been graded. No adverse environmental effects were observed.

Sambor Preikuk Temple site Grading of road

(2) Environmental Conditions Kampong Cham (Road #370)

32. Kampong Cham (Road #370) was visited on 11th July 2012. Very heavy rain occurred during the site visit. The only activity observed was some clearing of the shoulders of the road. No adverse environmental effects were observed.

3.5 Check List of EMP Implementation

33. DDIS consultants of civil works contracts monitored the compliance with the EMP every months. The check lists of the last month, June 2012, for civil works are shown in Appendix 1 through Appendix 3.

3.6 CEMP

34. The contractor’s environment management plans (CEMP) of Contract CW-B and CW-C are shown in Appendix 4 and Appendix 5.

3.7 Review of Environmental Parameters

35. Environment parameters were checked and reviewed by each contract packages. All three civil works contract packages have been evaluated satisfactory and only minor issues were found, remedial action of which could be undertaken by the contractors and subsequently be followed up by the DDIS consultants and SEO. The review results on environment parameters of each contract package are shown in Table 3-1.

Semi-Annual Environment Monitoring Report 9 Korea Consultants International Rural Roads Improvement Project in association with Filipinas Dravo Corp ADB Loan No. 2670-CAM (SF)

Table 3-1 Review of Environmental Parameters Contract Packages CW-A, B and C

Environmental Contract Packages CW- Contract Packages CW- Contract Packages Regulation Parameter Standard Issue A B CW-C ADB Notification of General requirements ADB Social Completed. EMP Completed. EMP Completed. EMP requirement EMP to Safeguards Policy included in Tender included in Tender included in Tender contractors Statement 2009 Documents issued to Documents issued to Documents issued to contractors. contractors. contractors.

ADB Submission of Specific details must be ADB Social Still outstanding. Must be Still outstanding. Must be Still outstanding. Must requirement CEMP from supplied by contractor on Safeguards Policy submitted by contractor. submitted by contractor. be submitted by contractor to construction camps, Statement 2009 contractor. MRD borrow areas and roads, quarries, crushing and screening plants.

EMP Monthly All environmental As per individual Checklists completed by Checklists completed by Checklists completed by requirement Checklists parameters checklists given in consultant’s inspectors consultant’s inspectors consultant’s inspectors EMP for February to June for February to June for February to June 2012. Checklists sighted 2012. Checklists sighted 2012. Checklists sighted and confirmed to be in and confirmed to be in and confirmed to be in order. No environmental order. No environmental order. No environmental issues identified. issues identified. issues identified.

Sub-decree on Water Quality BOD < 50mg/L No visual evidence was No visual evidence was No visual evidence was Water Pollution SS < 50mg/L sighted of impacts on sighted of impacts on sighted of impacts on Control Temperature <450C water quality. No spills water quality. No spills water quality. No spills pH 6-9 were observed. There are were observed. There are were observed. There Oil & Grease < 5mg/L no major water courses no major water courses are no major water Dissolved Oxygen > 4mg/L near project roads. No near project roads. No courses near project remedial action is remedial action is roads. No remedial required. No sampling or required. No sampling or action is required. No measurements of water. measurements of water. sampling or measurements of water.

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Environmental Contract Packages CW- Contract Packages CW- Contract Packages Regulation Parameter Standard Issue A B CW-C Sub-decree on Air Quality TSP < 0.33 mg/m3 No air quality issues No air quality issues Contractor’s rock quarry Air and Noise Noise Quality Leq 75dB(A) identified. No noise identified. However dust giving dust emissions. Pollution Leq 65dB(A) issues identified. suppression on roads by Water sprays Control water spraying should be recommended. improved. Noise levels in quarry No noise issues sufficiently high to identified. require PPE (Personal protective Equipment) to be worn. No Regulation Vibration PPV < 1mm/sec No blasting taking place No blasting taking place No blasting taking place Sub-decree on Solid Waste Food Waste Properly Removed Not applicable Not applicable Not applicable Solid Waste Liquid Waste Waste Oil, Grease Properly Controlled Management After Removed by Subcontractor No Regulation Septic Tank Smell, Sewage No Smell, No Not applicable Not applicable Not applicable Overflowing No Regulation Borrow Pits Condition of Borrow Pits Filled after Project No issues identified. Contractors borrow area No issues identified. Completion, Topsoil to be reinstated after use. resurfaced Closure Plan to be prepared and submitted to MRD. No Regulation Borrow Pits Depth of Borrow pits No Drowning No issues identified After Closure warning No issues identified Hazard signs to be erected. No Regulation Borrow Road Location for Borrow Road No complaints from No issues identified No issues identified No issues identified residents No Regulation Quarries Condition of Quarries Quarries reinstated No issues identified No issues identified Dust and noise to be reduced. See above. No Regulation Trees if Cut Number of Trees Tree Replanted Not applicable Not applicable Not applicable

Semi-Annual Environment Monitoring Report 11 Korea Consultants International Rural Roads Improvement Project in association with Filipinas Dravo Corp ADB Loan No. 2670-CAM (SF)

4.0 Conclusion

36. Through the semi-annual environment monitoring on the ongoing civil works sites of the Project by the international environment specialist and SEO of MRD, at the present time there are no adverse environmental issues associated with the project implementation. It is recommended that DDIS consultants together with SEO should inspect the sites frequently and closely monitor the contractor’s field activities to be complied with the requirement in the IEE, EMP and CEMP. Another review will take place after 6 months.

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APPENDICES

A. Check List of EMP Implementation – Contract CW-B

B. Check List of EMP Implementation – Contarct CW-C

C. Check List of EMP Implementation – Contract CW-A

D. Contractor’s Environment Management Plan (CEMP)- Contract CW-B

E. Contractor’s Environment Management Plan (CEMP)- Contract CW-C