Environmental Safeguards Due Diligence Report

April 2021

Cambodia: Third Rural Water Supply and Sanitation Services Sector Development Program Seventeen (17) Subprojects in Nine (9) Provinces: Banteay Meanchey, , Kampong Chhnang, Kampot, Kampong Speu, Kampong Thom, , Pursat, and

Main Report and Annex 1 to Annex 5

Prepared by Ministry of Rural Development for the Royal Government of and the Asian Development Bank.

This environmental safeguards due diligence report is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB's Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature. Your attention is directed to the “terms of use” of this website. In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area.

Environmental Safeguards Due Diligence Report 5 April 2021

Resubmitted 18 May 2021

Cambodia: Third Rural Water Supply and Sanitation Service Sector Development Project Seventeen (17) Subprojects in Nine (9) Provinces: Banteay Meanchey, Battambang, Kampong Chhnang, Kampot, Kampong Speu, Kampong Thom, Preah Vihear, Pursat, and Siem Reap Province

Prepared by Ministry of Rural Development for the Royal Government of Cambodia and the Asian Development Bank.

This environmental safeguard due diligence report is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB's Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature. Your attention is directed to the “terms of use” of this website.

In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area.

This page is deliberately left blank

i CURRENCY EQUIVALENTS

(as of 29 March 2021)

Currency unit - Riel (KHR) KHR1.00 = $ 0.0002471

$1.00 = KHR _4047

i ABBREVIATIONS

ADB - Asian Development Bank

ECoC - Environmental Code of Conduct

ECCAS - Environment and Climate Change Adaptation Specialist

EHSO - Environmental Health and Safety Officer

EMP - Environmental Management Plan

HH - Household

IEE - Initial Environmental Examination

KAP - Knowledge Attitude Practices

MIS - Management Information System

MOE - Ministry of Environment

MRD - Ministry of Rural Development

NGO - Non-Government Organization

PCU - Project Coordination Unit

PDRD - Provincial Departments of Rural Development

PIC - Project Implementation Coordination

PPMS - Project Performance Management System

PPT - Provincial Project Team

RGC - Royal Government of Cambodia

RWSS - Rural Water Supply and Sanitation

RWSSH - Rural Water Supply, Sanitation, and Hygiene

RWSSP2 - Second Rural Water Supply and Sanitation Sector Project

TRWSSS-SDP - Third Rural Water Supply and Sanitation Services Sector Development Program

VDC - Village Development Committee

WSUG - Water and Sanitation User Group

ii WEIGHTS AND MEASURES ha - hectare m - meter km - kilometer l/s - Liters per second masl - Meters above sea level mm - millimeter oC - Degree Centigrade dBA - Decibel mg/l - Milligram per lite

iii TABLE OF CONTENTS

CURRENCY EQUIVALENTS ...... i ABBREVIATIONS ...... ii WEIGHTS AND MEASURES ...... iii TABLE OF CONTENTS ...... iv LIST OF TABLES ...... vi LIST OF FIGURES ...... ix LIST OF ANNEXES ...... x EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ...... xi 1. INTRODUCTION ...... 1 2. DESCRIPTION OF THE SUBPROJECTS ...... 3 2.1. BANTEAY MEANCHEY PROVINCE ...... 3 2.1.1. Rohat Tuek Sub-Project ...... 3 2.2. ...... 5 2.2.1. Kampong Lpov Commune Subproject ...... 5 2.2.2. Commune Sub-Project ...... 8 2.3. ...... 11 2.3.1. Chhean Leung Commune Sub-Project ...... 11 2.3.2. Krang Commune Sub-Project ...... 13 2.4. ...... 15 2.4.1. Dambouk Rung Commune-Sub-project ...... 15 2.5. ...... 17 2.5.1. Chaeung Daeung Commune Sub-project ...... 17 2.6. ...... 19 2.6.1. Boeng Nimol Commune Sub-project ...... 19 2.6.2. Krang Snay Commune Sub-project ...... 21 2.6.3. Neareay Commune Sub-project ...... 23 2.7. ...... 26 2.7.1. Chrach Commune Sub-project ...... 26 2.7.2. Putrea Commune Sub-project ...... 28 2.7.3. Tasu Commune Sub-project ...... 30 2.8. ...... 32 2.8.1. Bakchanh Chien Commune Sub-project ...... 32 2.8.2. Prongil Commune Sub-project...... 35 2.9. SIEM REAP PROVINCE ...... 37 2.9.1. Pong Ro Leu Commune Sub-project ...... 37 2.9.2. Russei Lork Commune Sub-project ...... 40

iv 3. DESIGN STANDARDS ...... 42 4. CONSTRUCTION METHODOLOGY AND SCOPE OF WORKS ...... 42 4.1. Community Pond Rehabilitation ...... 42 4.2. Detail on Specific Site of the Proposed Community Ponds ...... 43 4.2.1. Touch Community Pond, Krang Snay Sub-project ...... 43 4.2.2. Lve Community Pond, Krang Snay Sub-project ...... 46 4.2.3. Peurk Community Pond, Putrea Sub-project ...... 48 4.2.4. Chrach Community Pond, Chrach Sub-project ...... 51 4.2.5. Dambouk Rung Community Pond, Dambouk Rung Sub-project ...... 54 4.2.6. Domnak Trach Community Pond, Dambouk Rung Sub-project ...... 57 4.2.7. Meanchey Community Pond, Dambouk Rung Sub-project ...... 60 4.3. Drilled Well Design and Construction...... 62 5. BASELINE ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS ...... 63 6. ENVIRONMENTAL SCREENING AND CATEGORIZATION ...... 64 6.1. Environmental Assessment of the Proposed Community Ponds ...... 71 6.2. Environmental Assessment of the Drilled Wells ...... 73 6.2.1. Banteay Meanchey Province ...... 75 6.2.2. Battambang Province ...... 77 6.2.3. Kampong Chhnang Province ...... 83 6.2.4. Kampot Province ...... 89 6.2.5. Kampong Speu Province ...... 98 6.2.6. Kampong Thom Province ...... 100 6.2.7. Preah Vihear Province ...... 106 6.2.8. Pursat Province ...... 114 6.2.9. Siem Reap Province ...... 117 7. PUBLIC CONSULTATION AND INFORMATION DISCLOSURE...... 125 8. GRIEVANCE REDRESS MECHANISM ...... 126 9. ENVIRONMENTAL CODE OF CONDUCT (ECOC) ...... 128 10. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT COSTS ...... 132 11. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING ...... 134 12. LESSONS LEARNED FROM BATCH I SUBPROJECTS ...... 134 13. CONCLUSION ...... 139

v LIST OF TABLES

Table 1: Rohat Tuek Commune Population and ID-Poor HHs, June 2020 ...... 3 Table 2: The Existing Water Supply Resources and Utilizers ...... 4 Table 3: The Commune Sanitation Coverage ...... 4 Table 4: Proposed Water Supply and Sanitation Facilities in Rohat Tuek Sub-project ...... 5 Table 5: Kampong Lpov Commune Population ...... 6 Table 6: The Existing Water Supply Resources and Utilizers ...... 7 Table 7: The Commune Sanitation Coverage ...... 7 Table 8: Number of Proposed Water Supply and Sanitation Facilities in the Commune ...... 8 Table 9: Ta Taok Commune Population and ID-Poor HHs ...... 8 Table 10: The Existing Water Resources and Utilizers ...... 9 Table 11: The Commune Sanitation Coverage ...... 10 Table 12: Proposed Water Supply Facilities in Ta Taok Sub-project ...... 10 Table 13: Chhean Leung Commune Commune Population and Poor HHs ...... 11 Table 14: Existing Water Resources and Utilizers ...... 12 Table 15: Sanitation Coverage in the Commune ...... 12 Table 16: Proposed Water Supply & Sanitation Facilities in the Chhean Leung Sub-Project 12 Table 17: Krang Lvea Commune Population and Poor HHs, 2020 ...... 13 Table 18: Existing Water Resources of the Commune ...... 14 Table 19: The Commune Sanitation Coverage ...... 14 Table 20: Proposed Water Supply and Sanitation Facilities in Krang Lvea Sub-project ...... 15 Table 21: Dambouk Rung Commune Population and Poor HHs, August 2020 ...... 16 Table 22: Existing Water Supply Resources and Utilizers ...... 16 Table 23: Commune Sanitation Coverage ...... 17 Table 24: Number of Proposed Water Supply and Sanitation Facilities in Dambouk Rung Sub-project ...... 17 Table 25: Chaeung Daeung Commune Population and IDPoor HHs ...... 18 Table 26: Existing Water Supply Resources and Utilizers ...... 18 Table 27: Commune Sanitation Coverage ...... 19 Table 28: Number of Proposed Water Supply and Sanitation Facilities in Chhoeung Doeung Sub-project ...... 19 Table 29: Boeng Nimol Commune Population and IDPoor HHs, 2020 ...... 20 Table 30: Existing Water Resources in the Commune ...... 20 Table 31: Commune Sanitation Coverage, 2020 ...... 21 Table 32: Number of Proposed Water Supply and Sanitation Facilities in Boeng Nimol Sub- project ...... 21 Table 33: Krang Snay Commune Population and ID Poor HHs, 2020 ...... 22 Table 34: Existing Water Supply Resources and Utilizers in the Commune ...... 22

vi Table 35: Commune Sanitation Coverage ...... 23 Table 36: Number of Proposed Water Supply and Sanitation Facilities in Krang Snay Sub- project ...... 23 Table 37: Neareay Commune Commune Population and ID Poor HHs, 2020 ...... 24 Table 38: Existing Water Supply and Utilizers in Neareay Commune ...... 24 Table 39: Commune Sanitation Coverage ...... 25 Table 40: Number of Proposed Water Supply and Sanitation Facilities in Neareay Sub- project ...... 25 Table 41: Chrach Commune Commune Population and ID Poor HHs ...... 26 Table 42: Existing Water Resource and Utilizers ...... 27 Table 43: Commune Sanitation Coverage ...... 27 Table 44: Number of Proposed Water Supply & Sanitation Facilities in Chrach Sub-project 27 Table 45: Putrea Commune Populations and Poor HHs ...... 28 Table 46: Existing Water Resource in the Commune ...... 29 Table 47: Commune Sanitation Coverage ...... 29 Table 48: Proposed Water Supply and Sanitation Facilities in Putrea Sub-Project ...... 29 Table 49: Tasu Commune Populations and ID Poor HHs, 2020 ...... 30 Table 50: Existing Water Resources in the Commune ...... 31 Table 51: Commune Sanitation Coverage ...... 31 Table 52: Proposed Water Supply and Sanitation Facilities in Tasu Sub-Project ...... 32 Table 53: Bakchanh Chien Commune Populations and ID Poor HHs ...... 33 Table 54: Existing Water Resources in the Commune ...... 33 Table 55: Commune Sanitation Coverage ...... 34 Table 56: Proposed water supply and sanitation facilities in Bakchanh Chien Sub-project ... 34 Table 57: Prongil Commune Population and ID Poor HHs, 2020 ...... 35 Table 58: Existing Water Resources in Pongil Commune ...... 36 Table 59: Commune Sanitation Coverage ...... 36 Table 60: Proposed Water Supply and Sanitation Facilities in Prongil Sub-Project ...... 37 Table 61: Pong Ro Leu Commune Populations and ID Poor HHs ...... 38 Table 62: Existing Water Resources in Pongro Leu Commune, SRP ...... 38 Table 63: Commune Sanitation Coverage ...... 39 Table 64: Number of Proposed Water Supply and Sanitation Facilities in Pongror Leu Sub- project ...... 39 Table 65: Russei Lork Commune Populations and IDPoor HHs ...... 40 Table 66: Existing Water Supply Available in the Commune ...... 40 Table 67: Commune Sanitation Coverage ...... 41 Table 68: Number of Proposed Water Supply and Sanitation Facilities in Russei Lork Sub- project ...... 41 Table 69: Volume of Soils Excavated and Its Uses ...... 43

vii Table 70: Scope of Work for the Pond Rehabilitation in Touch Village ...... 45 Table 71: Summary Scope of Work for the Community Pond in Lve Village ...... 48 Table 72: Summary Scope of Work for the Community Pond in Peurk Village ...... 50 Table 73: Summary Scope of Work for the Community Pond in Chrach Village ...... 53 Table 74: Summary Scope of Work for the rehabilitation of the proposed Community Pond in Dambouk Rung Village ...... 56 Table 75: Summary Scope of Work for the Community Pond in Domnak Trach village ...... 59 Table 76: Summary Scope of Work for the Community Pond in Meanchey village ...... 61 Table 77: Summary of consultation meeting at all the villages of the 17 Sub-projects ...... 65 Table 78: Summary of the Results of REA Checklist for the Proposed Community Ponds ... 71 Table 79: Summary of Environmental Screening and Demarcation of total 48 Drilled Wells in Rohat Taek Sub-project, Chey Sen District ...... 75 Table 80: Summary of Environmental Screening and Demarcation of total 102 Drilled Wells in Two Sub-projects in Battambang Province ...... 77 Table 81: Summary of Environmental Screening and Demarcation of total 152 Drilled Wells in Two Sub-projects in Samaki Meanchey District ...... 83 Table 82: Summary of Environmental Screening and Demarcation of total 165 Drilled Wells in all three Sub-projects in , Kampot Province ...... 89 Table 83: Summary of Environmental Screening and Demarcation of total 27 Drilled Wells in Dambouk Rung Sub-project, Phnom Srouch District, Kampong Speu Province ...... 98 Table 84: Summary of Environmental Screening and Demarcation of total 71 Drilled Wells in Chhoeung Doeung Sub-project, , Kampong Thom Province ...... 101 Table 85: Summary of Environmental Screening and Demarcation of total 69 Drilled Wells out of which 4 rehabilitation drilled wells for all 3 Sub-projects in Chey Sen District, Preah Vihear Province ...... 107 Table 86: Summary of Environmental Screening and Demarcation of total 87 Drilled Wells in Two Sub-projects in Phnom Kravanh District, Pursat Province ...... 114 Table 87: Summary of Environmental Screening and Demarcation of total 140 Drilled Wells in two Sub-projects in Siem Reap Province ...... 117 Table 88: Summary of Dates and Participation in Consultation Meetings...... 125 Table 89: Roles and Responsibilities for Ensuring Compliance with the Environmental Safeguards ...... 130 Table 90: Estimated Cost of the Environmental Management ...... 132 Table 91: Preliminary Environmental Lessons Learnt – Batch 1 ...... 135

viii LIST OF FIGURES

Figure 1: The Location of Batch 1 and Batch 2 Commune Sub-projects ...... 2 Figure 2: Touch Community Pond Proposed for Rehabilitation and Environmental and General Contexts of Touch Village ...... 44 Figure 3: Existing Community Pond Proposed for Rehabilitation and Environmental Context of Lve Village ...... 47 Figure 4: Existing Community Pond Proposed for Rehabilitation and Environmental Context of Peurk Village ...... 49 Figure 5: Existing Community Pond Proposed for Rehabilitation and Environmental Context of Chrach Village ...... 52 Figure 6: Existing Community Pond Proposed for Rehabilitation in Dambouk Rung Village . 55 Figure 7: Existing Community Pond Proposed for Rehabilitation in Domnak Trach Village .. 58 Figure 8: Existing Community Pond Proposed for Rehabilitation and Environmental Context of Village ...... 61 Figure 9: Rainfall Patterns in Cambodia (Source: MOE, 2019) ...... 64

ix LIST OF ANNEXES

ANNEX 1: Environmental Code of Conduct (ECOC) ...... I

ANNEX 2: COVID-19 Prevention Checklist ...... XXII

ANNEX 3: Official Letter of the Ministry of Environment ...... XXIII

ANNEX 4: Conceptual Standard Structures of Water Supply and Sanitation Facilities .... XXV

ANNEX 5: REA Checklists and Photographs ...... XXVIII

ANNEX 6: Public Consultation And Information Disclosure ...... LXII

ANNEX 7: Grievance Redress Mechanism ...... CXXXIX

ANNEX 8: Extreme weather summary ...... CLXXXII

ANNEX 9: UXO Clearance Certificates (Khmer and English)…………..…………CLXXXIII

x EXECUTIVE SUMMARY i. The overall objective of the Third Rural Water Supply and Sanitation Services Sector Development Program (TRWSS-SDP) is to significantly contribute to the achievement of the national targets for having universal access to rural water supply and sanitation services in Cambodia by 2025. It aligns with the National Strategic Plan for Rural Water Supply, Sanitation and Hygiene for 2014–2025. ii. The Project aims to cover 40 communes from 11 districts of 10 provinces. The Project is being implemented in four batches of sub-projects (one commune is defined as one sub-project) and is scheduled for completion in 2024. The Batch I sub-projects started implementation in June 2020 and the construction of water and sanitation facilities was completed in February 2021. iii. Batch II covers a total 18 subprojects including Ampil Subproject that has been selected as a reference for the remaining 17 subprojects. The Feasibility Report, Social Due Diligence Report (SDDR) and Environmental Due Diligence Report (EDDR) on the Ampil Subproject have been approved and disclosed by the ADB. The Feasibility Study Reports of the 17 sub-projects in 9 provinces namely Banteay Meanchey, Battambang, Kampong Chhnang, Kampot, Kampong Speu, Kampong Thom, Preah Vihear, Pursat and Siem Reap are currently under finalization to incorporate comments and recommendations from the ADB (as mentioned above, one Subproject ie Ampil in Otdar Mean Chey Province, has been approved). This Environmental Due Diligence Report is for the 17 sub-projects of Batch 2. iv. The sub-projects have been designed in a participatory manner. The process included extensive public consultations with the local authorities and communities to (i) Assess the current water supply and sanitation situation in the target villages and identify the needs, priorities, and potential options for solutions; (ii) Discuss the water supply and sanitation improvements proposed by the local authorities and villagers; and (iii) Assess the environmental and social safeguard issues of the proposed water supply and sanitation infrastructure improvements. v. The improvement of the commune’s water and sanitation situation was requested by the Village Development Committees (VDCs) of the villages within the commune and the Commune Council including the Commune Committee for Women and Children (CCWC). The following have been proposed to enable the communes to reach sustainable and equitable universal access of water supply and sanitation services. • Civil works planned for the 17 subprojects: o rehabilitation of 7 community ponds, o rehabilitation of 68 drilled wells, o construction of 812 new drilled wells for community households, o construction of 5,661 latrines for ID poor HHs, o construction of 25 new drilled wells for schools, o construction of 2 new drilled wells for health centers,

xi o rehabilitation of 3 drilled wells for schools, o construction of 61 latrines and 62 water tanks for schools and o construction of 7 latrines and 8 water tanks for health centers.

• Capacity development of key institutions at different levels through establishment of district, commune, and village rural WSS teams and participation in various capacity building activities.

• Sanitation and hygiene promotion through sanitation demand creation and behaviour change communication activities. vi. The due diligence activities, including screening and community consultations, were carried out by the social and environmental safeguard specialists of the Project Coordination Unit (PCU) and Project Implementation Consultant (PIC) in coordination with the Provincial Project Teams (PPT) in the participating provinces. Initial screenings were conducted as part of the Feasibility Study for each subproject in mid- 2020. Additional due diligence activities were carried out between December 2020 and February 2021. vii. Consultation sessions with the communities and local authorities were held with the participation of 9,554 people including 4,247 females (44%) representing the commune and village leaders and communities. The purpose of these consultations was to a) disclose information about the proposed rehabilitation community ponds in 7 villages and construction and renovation of drilled wells in the selected villages, (b) assess any potential resettlement impacts; (c) inform about the project policy principles and the safeguards guidelines of the ADB (d) provide details with regards to procedure of grievance redress in cases of impacts by the subproject activities; and (e) get perceptions of and feedback from affected persons or/ and HHs beneficiaries. This report presents the results of the environmental due diligence works. The results of the social due diligence are presented in a separate report. viii. Environmental Screening and Assessment. Rapid Environmental Assessment (REA) screening has been conducted and checklists have been completed for each facility at the sub-project sites. The screening results show that a limited number of adverse impacts may arise, mainly because of construction activities. These impacts are primarily: 1) noise and vibration; 2) soil disposal; 3) localized dust; 4) health and safety risks for workers, and 5) waste management. The results of the screening show that these impacts are not significant and are easily mitigated and managed due to the location of each water supply facility being planned to be far away from each other. The proposed 7 community ponds for rehabilitation are located on community land in 7 different villages in the 7 communes. ix. Climate Risk Assessment has been completed for the sub-projects, indicating potentially wetter wet seasons and drier dry seasons in the future. Current climate and climate change projections for all 17 sub-projects is summarized and presented in Appendix 8. This data was compiled using the MarkSim online Global Climate Change Model http://gisweb.ciat.cgiar.org/MarkSimGCM/. The major issue, to varying degrees in

xii each location, is the increased number of dry days that goes together with an overall increase in rainfall emanating from the increased intensity of rainfall events. Additionally, it is expected that the hot months will see increased temperatures, and the cold months will become a little colder; in some cases, the hottest / coldest month may shift. To mitigate and manage this, and hence 'climate-proof' the interventions, the project has incorporated this data into location selections and design of facilities. x. The Environmental Due Diligence has fully complied with the Government’s policy and regulations. MRD has requested and obtained a letter from the Ministry of Environment (MoE) confirming that the environmental impact assessment (EIA), stipulated by the MOE for infrastructure development, is not required for the TRWSS- SDP. The letter from MoE was issued on 4th March 2021 as seen in annex 3. xi. Each of the sub-projects has been classified as Category C for Environment. The design features, operational regimes and construction management safeguards will address the range of potential environmental impacts identified and will be activated through the sub-project Environmental Code of Conduct (ECoC). xii. The Environment Code of Conduct (ECoC) has been prepared and will cover all phases of the core subproject implementation from preparation through commission and operation. It aims to ensure the activation of environmental mitigation measures and the environmental impact monitoring to be compliant with national environmental regulations and ADB Safeguard Policy Statement 2009. xiii. All the sites proposed for constructions or rehabilitation of water supply and sanitation facilities have been declared free of Unexploded Ordnance (UXO). Certificates of UXO clearance have been provided by all the 18 communes participating as subprojects under Batch 2 and are presented in Annex 9. xiv. The ECoC will be part of the contract documents to be issued for all civil works under the Batch II subprojects. All contractors awarded with contracts will also be provided with orientation on compliance with the ECoC. xv. The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic is one of the main risks faced by the sub- projects as this could affect the plan for timely completion of the sub-project activities as well as opportunities for regular and close monitoring of compliance with the environmental mitigation measures. This will be mitigated by ensuring compliance with the COVID-19 prevention guidelines of the Ministry of Health. A checklist for quick reference of the key measures has been developed and presented in Annex I xvi. To mitigate the risk of insufficient capacity for environmental management at the subnational level, a training program will be developed and implemented on safeguard reporting and implementation requirements during construction prior to initiation. The engagement of Environment and Climate Change Adaptation Specialist and Rural Water Supply Engineering Specialist from the Project Coordination Unit (PCU) and Project Implementation Consultant (PIC) Teams will be critical to ensuring the capacity

xiii of the provincial staff, commune councils, village heads and Water and Sanitation Users Groups (WSUGs). xvii. The communities’ contribution will include voluntary land donation for location of the community drilled wells. Community ponds selected for rehabilitation are only those currently used by the communities and are located on public land. The communities will make in-kind contributions such as filling up the land for building well platforms, building fences surrounding the drilled wells, growing, and planting grass and building fences surrounding the community ponds and building jar stands for HH rainwater jars. xviii. The Grievance Redress Mechanism (GRM) Committee has been established for all the 10 provinces participating in the Project. The chiefs of villages and commune leaders of the Batch II sub-projects are members of their respective provincial committee and serve as the entry points for resolution of complaints made by affected persons relating to the sub-project implementation. Copies of official letters on the establishment of the GRM Committees (in Khmer and English) are presented in Annex 6. xix. Capacities of the different stakeholders in ensuring compliance with the environmental safeguards for all sub-projects, including monitoring and reporting, have started to be built and will continue to be strengthened throughout the implementation period. xx. Preliminary lessons learnt (for both design and implementation phases) of Batch 1 subprojects have been gathered and presented in table 91 both for specific as well as cross cutting issues. These lessons are expected to help the decision makers and the implementation units to prepare themselves to address similar issues well in advance and implement best practice at the project sites of Batch 2 subprojects. The project will address such lessons relative to design and implementation stages.

xiv

1. INTRODUCTION

1. The overall objective of the Third Rural Water Supply and Sanitation Services Sector Development Program (TRWSS-SDP) is to significantly contribute to the achievement of the national targets for having universal access to rural water supply and sanitation in Cambodia by 2025. It aligns with the National Strategic Plan for Rural Water Supply, Sanitation and Hygiene for 2014–2025. The TRWSS-SDP has been designed in alignment with the Sustainable Development Goal 6 “Ensure availability and sustainable management of water and sanitation for all” and the related targets and indicators.

2. The expected outcomes of the Project are sustainable and equitable access to safe drinking water, sanitation, and hygiene for rural areas in ten target provinces. The three main outputs of the Project are i). Rural water supply infrastructure and services improved and expanded, ii). Rural sanitation infrastructure and services improved and expanded, iii). Institutional capacity improved.

3. The project is being implemented in four batches of sub-projects (one commune is defined as one sub-project) over a period of five years with participation with 40 communes in 11 districts of 10 provinces. The construction of water and sanitation facilities under the Batch 1 sub-projects was completed in February 2021. Feasibility studies for Batch II sub-projects have been conducted and the feasibility study reports (FSRs) have been submitted to ADB and are being refined to incorporate comments and recommendations that have been provided.

4. The Batch II sub-projects are in 10 provinces: Kampong Thom, Siem Reap, Otdar Meanchey, Banteay Meanchey, Battambang, Pursat, Kampong Chhnang, Kampong Speu and Kampot provinces; covering 18 target communes in total 168 villages. The locations of Batch 1 and Batch 2 commune subprojects are shown in Figure 1. Ampil Sub-Project is one of the 18 sub-projects under Batch 2. The ESSDDR of Ampil Sub- Project, as well as the FSR and SDDR, has been finalized and approved by ADB for the implementation and served as the example and reference for preparation of the remaining 17 sub-projects of Batch 2.

5. At present, the Project Coordination Unit (PCU) has started the preparation of Batch 3 by inviting expressions of interests, conducting field surveys and public consultations to gather primary data and information from sub-national authorities and local communities, The Feasibility Study Reports for Batch III will be prepared in 2021.

6. The communes within target provinces selected as subprojects will receive investment for water and sanitation infrastructure improvement. This includes rehabilitation of community ponds, small water piped systems, construction of households and public latrines, drilled/dug wells and the provision of rainwater jars and tanks. The types of water supply and sanitation facilities of the sub-project have been selected based on 1) requests from the communities submitted through the local authorities, 2) knowledge and experiences of the Provincial Project Team (PPT), and 3) results of assessments during the feasibility study which include technical assessment, social and environmental screenings.

7. As per the Project policy, only sub-projects classified as Category B or C for environment (no Category A) will be funded by the project. If the project is Category B,

1

Initial Environmental Examination (IEE) will be necessary and if Category C, an Environmental Code of Conduct (ECoC) will suffice. In both cases the documents will be prepared and incorporated into bidding and contract documents.

8. This ECoC will cover all phases of the core subproject implementation from preparation through commission and operation. It aims to ensure the monitoring environmental impacts and activation environmental mitigation measures is implemented and meets the ADB safeguards standards. Contents of the ECoC will be incorporated into the construction, operation, and management of each component of the subproject. Environmental protection measures will focus on 1) avoidance, and 2) where avoidance is not possible, mitigation of environmental impacts, and 3) achieving full compliance with both the national environmental regulations and ADB Safeguard Policy Statement 2009 (SPS 2009).

Figure 1: The Location of Batch 1 and Batch 2 Commune Sub-projects

2

2. DESCRIPTION OF THE SUBPROJECTS

2.1. BANTEAY MEANCHEY PROVINCE 2.1.1. Rohat Tuek Sub-Project 9. Rohat Tuek Commune is in Mongkol Borei district, Banteay Meanchey province. The commune is approximately 15 km from the centre of Banteay Meanchey Town. It shares the borders on the south of commune, the west of Samraong commune, , and Ou Ambel commune, district, on the north of Bat ’s commune, the east of Ou Prasat and Phnum Touch commune.

10. Rohat Tuek Commune has a total land area of 6,165 ha; about 3,716 ha is rice cultivation land, 150 ha is farming land, 700 ha is residential land, 1,599 ha is public lake land and there is no forestry land or mountainous areas. There are ten government schools including one pre-school, eight primary schools and one secondary school, one health centre and one health post.

11. Rohat Tuek Commune has 13 villages, 2,304 households, 2,866 families, 12,527 populations, out of which 6,406 are females. 508 HHs (22 percent of the total households) are classified as poor (171 HHs IDpoor1 and 337 HHs IDpoor2) (See table below for detail). These poor HHs represent 2,540 people or 20 percent of the commune population or 22% of total HHs in the commune. There are 382 females headed HHs and 102 HHs that have members with disabilities. About 86 percent of the population that live in the commune are farmers.

Table 1: Rohat Tuek Commune Population and ID-Poor HHs, June 2020 % No. Population No. of Poor HHS No. of No Village Name of Family Total Poor Poor- HHs Total M F Poor -1 2 P1&P2 1 Pou Pir Daeum 250 325 1,313 634 679 59 14 45 3 2 Rohat Tuek 69 89 363 171 192 8 5 3 0 3 Thnal Bat 200 235 942 466 476 23 5 18 1 4 Kra Mol 215 267 1,295 635 660 61 18 43 3 5 Khtum Chrum 155 155 876 421 455 41 9 32 2 6 Chak Lech 123 164 655 293 362 43 16 27 2 7 Doun Mol 59 71 309 145 164 13 6 7 1 8 Preaek 202 225 1,041 511 530 34 4 30 1 Samrong 9 Ou Dangkao 268 354 1,512 757 755 60 15 45 3 10 Chamkar Chek 246 319 1,379 716 663 29 6 23 1 11 Ou Chuob 175 227 1,078 491 587 57 27 30 2 12 Ka Svay 224 297 1,144 581 563 50 38 12 2. 13 Chak Kaeut 118 138 620 300 320 30 8 22 0 Total 2304 2866 12527 6121 6406 508 171 337 22 Source: Commune Office data obtained August 2020.

12. The whole commune of Rohat Tuek has 3 community ponds and one stream called Stung Mongkol Borei that flows across 9 villages of Pou Pir Daeum, Rohat Tuek, Thnal Bat, Kra Mol, Khtum Chrum, Chak Lech, Preaek Samraong, Chak Kaeut, and

3

Doun Mol. The other 4 villages (Chomkar check, Ou dangkao, Ou Chuob and Ka Svay) have small streams and a canal, which are the main source of water for agriculture and also for domestic use. However, at the present, surface water from these water resources could not provide sufficient water supply for household utilization during the dry season. The surface water from the community ponds and streams is available for about nine months (May to January) per year. During the months of February to April, many HHs must buy water. In the commune, there is 23% of the HHs that rely on private small, piped water supply which abstract the surface water without treatment. The small piped water system does not provide sufficient water because it is operated only one or two hours per day. The majority of the HHs (72%) rely on surface water sources like streams, community ponds, and canals and small proportion of the HHs (5%) depend on drilled wells and dug wells for water supply (See the table below).

13. All HHs in the commune harvest rainwater for HH uses during the rainy season. However, only 576 HHs (25%) manage to harvest rainwater to use (for cooking and drinking) for all year round. At present the coverage of improved water supply is approximately 30%.

Table 2: The Existing Water Supply Resources and Utilizers Percentage No Water source Number of Households (%) 1 Stung Mongkol Borei Stream / Canals 2 Community ponds 1,654 72 3 Community Ponds 4 Small Pipe Water System 520 23 5 Drilled and dug wells 130 5 Total 2,304 100

Source: Commune Office Data obtained June 2020

14. The Rohat Tuek Commune has 88 percent sanitation coverage, (2,022 households of the 2,304 total households in commune have latrines prior to the project). 12% HHs do not have latrines (See table below). Based on the Knowledge, Attitude and Practice (KAP) survey conducted by MRD in 2016, the main reasons for the people not to have latrine are lack of financial resources due to low income and lack of knowledge. The project will provide fund to support household latrine construction for IDPoor HHs and will motivate non IDP Poor HHs to self finance affordable latrine construction to reach 100% of the sanitation coverage of the entire commune.

Table 3: The Commune Sanitation Coverage

Description Number of HHs Percentage (%) Sanitation Coverage 2,022 88 Lack of Latrines/Open defecation 282 12 Subsidized HHs 282 12 HHs to be encouraged to build their 0 0 own latrines with self-funding Source: Commune office data obtained in June 2020 4

15. To meet the safe water and sanitation requirement of the local communities, the proposed number of water supply and latrine facilities for rehabilitation and new construction is shown in the table below. The proposed types and number of facilities are based on assessment of available water sources, requests from the community during the community consultation, consideration of the existing water supply and sanitation facilities, MRD guidelines and PPT knowledge based on experiences on the suitability of the proposed options.

Table 4: Proposed Water Supply and Sanitation Facilities in Rohat Tuek Sub-project Proposed Proposed Proposed number Proposed number of Type of facilities number of of beneficiary number beneficiary beneficiary HHs population students New drilled wells for 47 746 4010 - community rainwater jars 2661 887 4780 - Total Beneficiary for Water Supply 1633 8790 - HH latrines 282 282 1540 - Total Beneficiary for 282 282 1540 Sanitation Latrines for schools 1 - - 896 Latrine for health post 1 913 5083 - PE tanks for schools 2 - - 896 PE tank for health post 1 913 5083 - New drilled well for 1 394 school Total Beneficiary for Public 913 5083 896 Institution

2.2. BATTAMBANG PROVINCE 2.2.1. Kampong Lpov Commune Subproject 16. Kampong Lpov commune office is in Svay Chum village and the commune is about 14km from the centre of town. The commune shares borders on the west with Song commune, and Thailand, the east with Chnal Moan Commune of District and on the south with Veal Veaeng District (Pursat Province), the north with Song Commune and Commune.

17. Kampong Lpov Commune has a total land area of 43,033 ha, about 3,293 ha is rice cultivation land, 9,930 ha is farming land, 15,105 ha is forestry land and mountainous areas and there is also a waterfall. There are eleven government schools including nine primary schools and two secondary schools and one health centre located within the commune.

18. Kampong Lpov commune has 9 villages, 2,082 households, 2,221 families, a population of 6,593, of which 3,171 are females. 734 HHs (35 percent of the total households) are classified as poor (248 HHs IDpoor1 and 486 HHs IDpoor2). These HHs have 2,900 people or 44 percent of the commune population. There are 119 female-headed HHs and 214 HHs that have members with disabilities (See Table below for detail). Table on the Commune Population and ID-Poor HHs. 5

Table 5: Kampong Lpov Commune Population

No Poor Households % No of Total No. Village Name of Male Female Families Population HHs Poor Poor- Total P1&P2 -1 2 1 Svay Chrum 283 284 944 469 475 196 95 101 9% Kampong 2 110 115 327 165 162 49 16 33 2% Lpov 3 Kandal 100 107 316 156 160 49 16 33 2% Ou Daeum 4 161 172 797 476 321 56 11 45 3% Chek 5 Prey Thum 951 987 1843 937 906 156 42 114 7% Stueng 6 126 163 908 473 435 82 23 59 4% Touch Ou Choam 7 135 156 536 278 258 45 12 33 2% Leu Ou Choam 8 77 97 381 202 179 48 18 30 2% Kandal Ou Choam 9 139 140 541 266 275 53 15 38 3% Kroam TOTAL 2082 2221 6593 3422 3171 734 248 486 35%

Source: Commune Office 2020 obtained March 2020

19. The main source of domestic water in this commune is the surface water from Kro Nhoung river (Stung Sangke), community ponds, small piped water systems and rainwater which provide for 93% of the total household although these water resources are available seasonally. Many water resources dry up from February to April, forcing families to travel further to source water or increase their water purchases. On average the HHs spend 50,000 Riel (or 12.5 US$) for purchasing water from vendors per month. This amount does not include the additional (unknown) expenses for treating water by each household. In the commune, there are 11 community ponds located within 5 of the 9 villages, used by approximately 695 (33%) HHs. Water from the ponds is reportedly available for about eight months, June to January every year. The remaining about 7% of the HHs, rely on drilled wells, and dug wells (See table below). The drilled wells provide water all year-round. The existing drilled wells mostly use groundwater from between 40m to 60m depth with water yields of around 3 to 4m3/hr.

20. The water from the lake, community ponds, and dug wells are unsafe for domestic use water (drinking and cooking). Carrying water from the lake and pond is physically hard and dangerous because of the distances involved. Dry season is a critical water shortage period for people (who use water from the lakes, community ponds and Stung Sangkae), forcing them to buy water from water vendors that are generally unsafe. They need to source their water from more distant lakes/ ponds. The majority of households harvest rainwater for daily uses (cooking and drinking) during the rainy season. The rainwater and drilled wells provide good quality of water for household consumption, but the rainwater is available only in the wet season. Approximately 25% HHs manage to practice rainwater harvesting according to the standard and hence can be classified as having access to improved water supply. The coverage of improved water supply is approximately 32% from drilled wells and rainwater harvesting. 6

Therefore, the commune needs to have additional 68% of improved water supply coverage to meet 100% coverage of the safe water supply. Number of water supply facilities is as seen in the following table.

Table 6: The Existing Water Supply Resources and Utilizers

No Water Resource No. of Facilities Number of HHs (%) 1 Drilled well 16 160 7 2 Dug well 4 3 Community pond 11 695 33 4 Small Pipe Water System 5 Kro Nhoung River (Stung) 1227 60 6 Rainwater System Total 2082 100 Source: Commune Office Data obtained March 2020

21. Kampong Lpov commune has 51% sanitation coverage with 1,067 households (out of 2082 total households in the commune having latrines prior to the project). There is 49% of the total households that do not have latrines and require the project to motivate and /or support them to build a standard household latrine. According to MRD guidelines and selection criteria only poor HHs are eligible for sanitation subsidy. Therefore, 35% of the HHs will receive subsidy to construct the household latrines and 13% of the total households in the commune requires motivation and technical support them to build their own latrines (see table below). Based on the KAP survey, the main reasons people do not have latrine are lack of financial resources due to no regular income. This is exacerbated by people being accustomed to open defecation as their long-time habits from the older generations, which is difficult to change although they are aware of sanitation issues.

Table 7: The Commune Sanitation Coverage

Description Number of HHs (%) Sanitation Coverage 1067 51 Lack of Latrines 1015 49 Subsidized HHs 734 35 HHs to be encouraged to build latrine with their 281 13 own resources Source: Commune Office Data obtained March 2020

22. To meet the safe water requirement and sanitation of the local communities the proposed number of water supply and latrine facilities for rehabilitation and new construction is shown in the table below. The proposed types and number of facilities are based on assessment of available water sources, requests from the community during the community consultation, consideration of the existing water supply and sanitation facilities, MRD guidelines and PPT knowledge based on experiences on the suitability of the proposed options.

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Table 8: Number of Proposed Water Supply and Sanitation Facilities in the Commune Proposed Proposed Proposed Proposed number of number of number of Type of facilities number HHs beneficiary beneficiary beneficiaries population students Rehabilitation of drilled wells 2 10 42 - New drilled wells for 79 840 3330 - community Rainwater jars 1686 562 1653 - Total Beneficiary for Water Supply 1412 5025 - HH latrines 734 734 2050 - Total Beneficiary for sanitation 734 2050 Latrines for schools 5 - - 1092 PE tanks for schools 5 - - 1092 New drilled well for school 5 1092 Total Beneficiary for Public Institution - - 1092

2.2.2. Ta Taok Commune Sub-Project 23. Ta Taok commune is in Samlot district, Battambang province. It shares borders with Kampong Lpov commune on the west, Commune of on the east and Thailand border to the south. The commune is about 96km from Battambang provincial Town.

24. Ta Taok commune covers an area of 14,355 ha. This breaks down to 156 ha of residential land, 446 ha of paddy fields, 7,464 ha of gardens and 4,116 ha of forest land. There are 7 public institutions including 5 primary schools, one secondary school and one health centre.

25. Ta Taok commune has 9 villages with a total of 873 households, 992 families and the total population is 4,027, out of which 2,017 are females. 410 HHs (47 percent of total HHs) are classified as poor (200 HHs IDPoor1 and 210 HHs IDpoor2) (See table below for detail). These HHs have 2,050 people or 50 percent of the commune population. There are 176 female-headed HHs and 123 HHs that have members with disabilities. Table 9 provides information on the Commune Population and ID-Poor HHs.

Table 9: Ta Taok Commune Population and ID-Poor HHs

No ID-Poor Households No of Total No Village Name of Male Female Poor Poor- Families Population Total % HHs -1 2 1 Peam Ta 28 35 113 54 59 6 2 4 1% 2 Ou 75 75 291 160 131 24 8 16 3% 3 Veal Rolueum 95 95 344 169 175 13 5 8 1% 4 Ta Taok 58 59 314 162 152 48 17 31 5% 5 Ou Nonoung 61 72 233 114 119 30 13 17 3%

6 Peam 65 67 370 180 190 22 6 16 3% 7 Ou Tateak 73 79 372 205 167 27 10 17 3%

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No ID-Poor Households No of Total No Village Name of Male Female Poor Poor- Families Population Total % HHs -1 2 8 Ou Krouch 140 150 638 329 309 44 19 25 5% 9 Phum Rai 278 360 1400 685 715 196 120 76 22% TOTAL 873 992 4075 2058 2017 410 200 210 47%

Source: Commune Office Data obtained March 2020

26. There is a main river called Stung Sangke and its tributaries flow across the commune which are the main source of water for agriculture and household consumption. Only the main river has water throughout the year and the tributaries are intermittent (running dry during the dry season). A few villages of Ta Taok commune are located far from the main river, so most of them face water shortage during the dry season as all tributaries dry up. For domestic water supply, households use water from different sources such as small streams, ponds, rainwater, and drilled wells are used partially and seasonally by the commune’s population. In the commune, there are 7 community ponds and 21 drill wells used respectively by 335 HHs and 219 HHs. About 80% of the total households live far from these sources and do not have sufficient water Most the villagers use water from Stung Sangke for their household requirements (See table below for detail). The water is not considered safe water due to contamination at the water sources and during transportation and storage. At present, the Commune has zero coverage of improved water supply.

Table 10: The Existing Water Resources and Utilizers

No of Water Resources Availability No. of HHs % Facilities

● Community ponds 7 8 months 335 38

● Drilled-wells 21 10 months 219 25

Rainwater as primary 5 months ● 113 12 source (Jun-Oct)

River/streams (Stung 10 months ● 745 85 Sangke)

Source: Commune Office Data obtained in 2020

27. There is only 28 percent (248 HHs) of total households with household latrines and 72 percent still practiced open defecation (See table below for detail). Based on KAP survey, the main reasons people do not have latrine are lack of financial resources due to no regular income, exacerbated by people being accustomed with open defecation as their long-time habits from the older generations, which is difficult to change although they are aware of sanitation issues. According to selection criteria there are only poor households (410 HHs) that are eligible for sanitation subsidy. Therefore, 215 HHs (25%) will be encouraged to construct household latrines with their resources to achieve 100% coverage and ODF status for the commune.

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Table 11: The Commune Sanitation Coverage

Description No. of HHs % Total HHs in the commune 873 100 Sanitation Coverage 248 28 Lack of Latrines 625 72 Subsidized HHs 410 47 HHs to be encouraged to build the 215 25 latrine with their resources

Source: Commune Office Data obtained in 2020

28. To meet the safe water and sanitation requirement and sanitation of the local communities, the proposed number of water supply and latrine facilities for rehabilitation and new construction is shown in the table below. The proposed types and number of facilities are based on assessment of available water sources, requests from the community during the community consultation, consideration of the existing water supply and sanitation facilities, MRD guidelines and PPT knowledge based on experiences on the suitability of the proposed options.

Table 12: Proposed Water Supply Facilities in Ta Taok Sub-project Proposed Proposed Proposed Proposed number of number of Type of facilities number of number beneficiary beneficiary beneficiary HHs population students Construction of new 16 178 1125 - drilled wells for community Installation of rainwater 2085 695 3475 - jars Total Beneficiary for Water Supply 873 4600 Subsidized HH latrines 410 410 2050 - Total Beneficiary for sanitation 410 2050 Latrines for schools 3 - - 529 PE tanks for schools 3 - - 529 Latrines for health 1 873 4075 - centres PE tanks for health 1 873 4075 - centres New drilled well for 2 448 school Total Beneficiary for Public Institution 873 4075 529

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2.3. KAMPONG CHHNANG PROVINCE 2.3.1. Chhean Leung Commune Sub-Project 29. Chhean Leung commune is in Samaki Meanchey district, Kampong Chhnang province. The commune boundaries are shared with Kbal Tuek commune in to the west, Prambeimom commune in , Kampong Speu province to south and Peam commune to the north and east. The commune is about 97.5km from the centre of Kampong Chhnang Town.

30. Chhean Leung commune has a total land of 6,460 ha, approximately 1,255 ha is rice cultivation land, 71 ha is farming land, 496 ha is residential land, 4,638 ha is public lake, forestry land and mountainous areas. There are five government schools including four primary schools and one secondary school and no health center.

31. Chhean Leung commune has 9 villages, 1,338 households, 1,340 families, a total population of 5,557, of which 2,876 are females. 220 HHs (16 percent of the total households) are classified as poor (20 HHs IDpoor1 and 200 HHs IDpoor2). These HHs have 1,100 people or 20 percent of the commune population. There are 196 females headed HHs and 47 HHs that have members with disabilities.

Table 13: Chhean Leung Commune Population and Poor HHs Population Poor HHs No of No of No. Village Name Poor Poor- HHs Families Total Male Female Total % 1 2 1 Chrak Tnaot 158 158 643 332 311 31 3 28 2 2 Traeng 104 106 658 256 402 21 0 21 2 3 Royeas 276 276 1032 495 537 33 6 27 2 4 Trapeang Thmor 123 123 471 216 255 23 1 22 2 5 Sre Russey 140 140 547 262 285 17 4 13 1 6 Krang Samraong 154 154 583 288 295 24 3 21 2 7 Anlong Pring 53 53 228 111 117 13 0 13 1 8 Chuonh Chit 92 92 359 211 148 11 0 11 1 9 Kiri Akphivoadth 238 238 1036 510 526 47 3 44 3 TOTAL 1338 1340 5557 2681 2876 220 20 200 16 Source: Commune office data obtained 2020

32. The whole commune of Chhean Leung has only one lake (Anlong Chrey lake), which is the main source of water for agricultural production near the Chuonh Chit, Royeas and Along Pring villages. The lake is far from six of the nine villages of the commune and does not provide sufficient water in the dry season. For domestic water supply, households use sources such as lake, pond, and small pipe water system covering about 22% of total HHs in the commune, partially and seasonally. In the commune there are drilled wells and dug wells, which cover only24% of the total HHs. About 54 percent of the population live far from the water resources, do not have sufficient water to use although most of them used a combination of rainwater, surface water and purchased water during the dry season (See table below for detail). Most of the existing water sources are unsafe for drinking. Based on the commune report and the observation there is approximately 22% of total HHs that have access to improved water supply for the whole year.

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Table 14: Existing Water Resources and Utilizers Number of No Water sources % Households 1 Lakes 2 Community Ponds 295 22% 3 Private Small Pipe Water System 4 Drilled wells 315 24% 5 Dug wells 6 Rainwater & Purchased Water (dry season) 728 54% Total 1338 100% Source: Commune office data obtained 2020

33. In Chhean Leung commune, 663 households (out of 1,338 total households in commune) have latrines before the project and 675 HHs have no latrines. Based on KAP survey, the main reason that households do not have latrines is lack of financial resource due to lack of regular income, exacerbated by people being accustomed to open defecation as their long-time habits from the old generation, which is difficult to change although they are aware of sanitation issues. The project will provide sanitation subsidy for eligible households who are poor families and encourage non poor HHs that do not have latrine to construct household latrines. The current sanitation coverage is as shown below.

Table 15: Sanitation Coverage in the Commune

Description No. of HHs % Total HHs in the commune 1338 100 Sanitation Coverage 663 50 Lack of Latrines 675 50 Subsidized HHs 220 16 HHs to be encouraged to build latrine with their resources 455 34 Source: Commune office data obtained 2020

34. To meet the safe water and sanitation requirement of the local communities the proposed number of water supply and latrine facilities for rehabilitation and new construction is shown in the table below. The proposed types and number of facilities are based on assessment of available water sources, requests from the community during the community consultation, consideration of the existing water supply and sanitation facilities, MRD guidelines and PPT knowledge based on experiences on the suitability of the proposed options.

Table 16: Proposed Water Supply & Sanitation Facilities in the Chhean Leung Sub- Project Proposed Proposed number Proposed number Proposed number of Type of facilities of beneficiary of beneficiary number beneficiary HHs population students Rehabilitation of drilled 18 90 360 -

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Proposed Proposed number Proposed number Proposed number of Type of facilities of beneficiary of beneficiary number beneficiary HHs population students wells New drilled wells 35 420 1680 - Rainwater jars 1587 529 2116 - Total Beneficiary for Water Supply 1039 4156 - HH latrines 220 220 880 - Total Beneficiary for sanitation 220 880 Latrines for schools 2 - - 313 PE tanks for schools 2 - - 190 Total Beneficiary for Public - - 432 Institution

2.3.2. Krang Lvea Commune Sub-Project 35. Krang Lvea commune office is in Thnal village along National Road No.138. The commune is about 70 kilometers away from the centre of Kampong Chhnang Town. The commune shares borders on the west of Chaong Maong and Chieb communes in Tuek Post district, the east of Thlok Vien commune, the south of Peam Commune, Svay Chuk and Tbang Khpos communes of Sameakki Meanchey district and north of Chaong Moang and Akphivoadth communes in Tuek Post district.

36. Krang Lvea commune has total land of 19,180 ha, approximately 4,230 ha is rice cultivation land, 20 ha is farming land, 560 ha is residential land, 14,370 ha are public lake land, forestry land and mountain area.

37. The Krang Lvea commune has 12 villages, 2,593 households and 2,780 families, a total population of 11,007, of which is 51% is female and 49% male. In the commune there are 533 HHs (21% of the total households) classified as poor of which 203 HHs is ID poor1 and 330 HHs is ID poor2 (See table below for detail). On the other hand, there are 443 female-headed HHs and 132 HHs that have members with disabilities. There are 7 government schools including 5 primary schools and 2 secondary schools and 1 health center.

Table 17: Krang Lvea Commune Population and Poor HHs, 2020

Population Poor HHs No of No of No. Village Name Poor- Poor- HHs Families Total Male Female Total % 1 2 1 Thnal 162 171 682 320 362 36 8 28 1 2 Krang Lvea 127 128 561 324 237 28 9 19 1 3 Ou Kakhob 236 319 1257 626 631 83 36 47 3 4 Chres 197 208 783 386 397 40 9 31 2 5 KhnaTey Mouk 110 114 442 209 233 12 2 10 0 6 Tang Krong 166 186 505 245 260 23 10 13 1 7 Thlok Roleung 293 293 1270 595 675 41 13 28 2 8 Chumteav 275 310 1207 599 608 61 35 26 2 Chraeng 9 Tang Kruos 235 243 939 446 493 57 17 40 2 Lech

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Population Poor HHs No of No of No. Village Name Poor- Poor- HHs Families Total Male Female Total % 1 2 10 Tang Kruos 285 296 1257 632 625 49 20 29 2 Kaeut 11 Sambok Kreal 196 201 776 397 379 51 41 10 2 12 Khsach Sa 311 311 1328 619 709 52 3 49 2 TOTAL 2593 2780 11007 5398 5609 533 203 330 21 Source: Commune Office Data, Obtained 2020

38. The whole commune of Krang Lvea has no big lakes, the exception being Tang Krong village which has a small water body, the Boeng Khnar lake. For domestic water supply, about 966 HHs (37%) use groundwater sources like drilled wells and the majority of households do not have their own water sources. So, they use other sources of water including small lakes and stream or buy raw water from water vendors that are available in the commune (See table below for detail). About 65% of the population have insufficient water because they live far from the water resources and surface water resources are always dry during dry season. Water from drilled wells is not available all year round because most of the drilled wells are shallow. At present, approximately 18% of drilled wells is in good conditions and worked well as improved water supply.

Table 18: Existing Water Resources of the Commune

No Water sources Number of HHs Percentage (%) 1 Lake/ streams/Purchased water 1627 63 2 Drilled wells 966 37 Total 2,593 100 Source: Commune Office Data obtained 2020

39. There is one health centre that serves Krang Lvea commune. Six villages are located near the health centre and the other six villages are far from the health center. The staff of the health centre do not have enough resources to promote and educate the sanitation practice. Hence people in the villages still practice open defecation. There are 1,513 households with latrines, 58 percent of total households in the commune. 42 percent do not have latrines (See table below for detail).

Table 19: The Commune Sanitation Coverage

Description No. of HHs % Total HHs in the commune 2593 100 Sanitation Coverage 1513 58% Lack of Latrines 1080 42% Subsidized HHs 533 21% HHs to be encouraged to build latrine with their own resources 547 21% Source: Commune Office Data, obtained 2020

40. To meet the safe water and sanitation requirement of the local communities the proposed number of water supply and latrine facilities for rehabilitation and new construction is shown in the table below. The proposed types and number of facilities are based on assessment of available water sources, requests from the community 14

during the community consultation, consideration of the existing water supply and sanitation facilities, MRD guidelines and PPT knowledge based on experiences on the suitability of the proposed options.

Table 20: Proposed Water Supply and Sanitation Facilities in Krang Lvea Sub-project Proposed Proposed number Proposed number Proposed number of Type of facilities of beneficiary of beneficiary number beneficiary HHs population students Rehabilitation of drilled 4 20 100 - wells Construction of new 94 1425 4275 - drilled wells Installation of rainwater 2034 678 1405 - jars Total Beneficiary for Water Supply 2,123 5780 - Subsidized HH latrines 533 533 2134 - Total beneficiary for Sanitation 533 2134 - Latrines for schools 4 - - 1,373 PE tanks for schools 4 - - 1,373 Latrine for HC 1 11000 PE Tank for HC 1 11000 Drilled well for schools 1 - - 404 Total Beneficiary for Public - - 1373 Institution

2.4. KAMPONG SPEU PROVINCE 2.4.1. Dambouk Rung Commune-Sub-project 41. Dambouk Rung commune is in Phnom Chrouch district, Kampong Speu province. It shares the border on the west with Treang Trayeung commune, the east with Chaom Sangke commune, the north with O’ commune and the south with Taken commune in Chhouk district, Kampot province. The commune is situated approximately 10km far from the national road No.4.

42. Dambouk Rung commune covers a total land of 21,936 ha; of which 436 ha is residential lands, 2,574 ha is rice fields, 10,715 ha is gardens, and 8,208 ha is public land. There are six public schools including four primary schools and two secondary schools. There is no health centre and no market located within the commune.

43. Dambork Roung commune has 11 villages, 1,535 households, 1,560 families, 6,805 population, of which 3,488 are females. There are 264 female-headed HHs and 63 HHs that have members with disabilities. There are 251 HHs (16% of total HHs) classified as poor (140 HHs IDPoor1 and 111 HHs IDPoor2) (See Table below for detail). The poor HHs will be priority for sanitation subsidy.

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Table 21: Dambouk Rung Commune Population and Poor HHs, August 2020 Poor HHs No of No of Total No. Village Male Female Poor- Poor- HHs Families Population Total % 1 2 1 Damnak Trach 211 211 911 433 478 38 34 4 2% 2 Dambouk 130 130 517 238 279 17 9 8 1% Rung 3 Tayong 156 156 531 272 259 31 16 15 2% 4 Trapeang 65 65 358 169 189 13 6 7 1% Khlong 5 Toek Thla 134 134 586 282 304 24 9 15 2% 6 Peam Khvav 108 108 556 279 277 12 5 7 1% 7 Preh Khe 81 81 333 156 177 25 7 18 2% 8 Mean Chey 225 225 1133 576 557 29 24 5 2% 9 Mean Serei 167 189 746 365 381 36 6 30 2% 10 Svay Thum 137 137 571 268 303 9 9 0 1% 11 121 124 563 279 284 9 8 1 1% TOTAL 1535 1560 6805 3317 3488 243 133 110 16% Source: Commune Office Data, obtained 2020

44. A small stream called Stung O’ Kbong is the main water resource for agricultural irrigation and utilization for 5 villages in the commune: Peam Khvav, Mean Chey, Taing Krasang, Trapeang Khlong and Svay Thom village. According to the commune data in 2020, 51 percent of the total families in the commune abstracted water from natural streams, community ponds and drilled/dug wells. Out of which 24 percent (375 families) used the stream and community ponds and 27 percent (407 families) used drilled/dug wells for the water supply which is not sufficient in the dry season. Approximately 49 percent have insufficient water supply because they live far from the water resources. At present the coverage of improved water supply is approximately 42%. Table 22: Existing Water Supply Resources and Utilizers No. of Water No. of No Water sources % Resource Households 1 Stung O Kbong 1 2 Community Ponds 9 375 24% 3 Private Small Pipe Water System N/A 4 Drilled wells 74 407 27% 5 Dug wells 24 Rainwater, Surface Water & Purchased Water 6 N/A 384 25% (dry season) 7 Stream/rainwater and purchased water N/A 369 24% Total 1535 100% Source: Commune Office Data, obtained 2020

45. There are 820 households with latrines which is about 53 percent of total households in the commune and 47 percent (715 households) are still practicing open defecation. Based on the KAP survey, the main reasons people do not have latrine are lack of financial resources due to no regular income which is also exacerbated by people being accustomed to open defecation as their long-time attitude and habits from the old generation, which is difficult to change although they are aware of sanitation issues. 16% of the total households that are classified as IDPoor HHs will receive 16

sanitation subsidy and the rest, 31% of total households will be encouraged to construct household latrines with their own fund (See table below for detail). Table 23: Commune Sanitation Coverage

Description No. of HHs % Sanitation Coverage 820 53 Lack of Latrines (HHs Open Defecation) 715 47 Subsidized HHs 243 16 HHs to be encouraged to build latrine with their own 472 31 resources Source: Commune Office Data, obtained 2020

46. To meet the safe water and sanitation requirement of the local communities the proposed number of water supply and latrine facilities for rehabilitation and new construction is shown in the table below. The proposed types and number of facilities are based on assessment of available water sources, requests from the community during the community consultation, consideration of the existing water supply and sanitation facilities, MRD guidelines and PPT knowledge based on experiences on the suitability of the proposed options.

Table 24: Number of Proposed Water Supply and Sanitation Facilities in Dambouk Rung Sub-project Proposed Proposed Proposed Proposed number of number of number of Type of facilities number beneficiary beneficiary beneficiary HHs population students Rehabilitation of - 3 340 916 community ponds Rehabilitation of drilled - 2 45 187 wells New drilled wells for - 21 273 1060 community Rainwater jars 675 225 1048 - Total Beneficiary for Water Supply 883 3211 - HH latrines 243 243 1047 Total Beneficiary for Sanitation 243 1047 Latrines for schools 4 - - 1,373 PE tanks for schools 3 - - 1,373 Rehab. Drilled Well for 3 758 School New Drilled well for 1 404 school Total Beneficiary for Public Institution - - 1373

2.5. KAMPONG THOM PROVINCE 2.5.1. Chaeung Daeung Commune Sub-project 47. Chaeung Daeung commune is in Baray and it shares the border on the west of Ballangk commune, the east of Krava and Kokir Thum commune, the south of Chhuk Khsach commune and the north of Kampong Thmor Commune in . The commune is about 70km from the centre of Kampong Thom Town.

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48. Chaeung Daeung commune has total land of 7,210 ha, about 3,339 ha is rice cultivation land, 2,139 ha is farming land, 1,430ha is residential land, and 302 ha is public lake land. There are seven government schools including six primary schools and one secondary school and one health center.

49. Chaeung Daeung commune has 10 villages, 2,649 households, 2,649 families, 11,877 population, out of which 6,145 are females. 210 HHs (8 percent of the total households) are classified as poor (53 HHs IDpoor1 and 157 HHs IDpoor2) (See Table below for detail). These HHs have 1,050 people or 9 percent of the commune population. There are 313 female-headed HHs and 40 HHs that have members with disabilities.

Table 25: Chaeung Daeung Commune Population and IDPoor HHs IDPoor HHs No of No of Total No. Village Name Male Female Poor- Poor- HHs Families Population Total % 1 2 1 Ponnoreay 325 325 1575 797 778 18 2 16 0.68 2 300 300 1437 616 821 24 14 10 0.91 3 Tradaet 128 128 710 314 396 16 8 8 0.60 4 Pong Tuek 147 147 743 377 366 19 3 16 0.72 5 Prey Dom 302 302 975 457 518 32 6 26 1.21 6 Chaeung 326 326 1535 747 788 23 3 20 0.87 Daeung 7 Ta Aong 268 268 909 466 443 24 2 22 0.91 8 Boeng 220 220 984 466 518 13 3 10 0.49 9 218 218 915 463 452 7 2 5 0.26 10 Praneak 415 415 2094 1029 1065 34 10 24 1.28 TOTAL 2649 2649 11877 5732 6145 210 53 157 8 Source: Commune Office Data obtained 2020

50. The commune has Boeung Chak lake and Steung Chinith as surface water source for rice cultivation. There is no irrigation system in place Groundwater resources are available for domestic water supply; however, there is still a lack of water for usage in the dry season. The surface water resources are all intermittent, a far distance from the villages and not safe for drinking. The groundwater resources (drilled and dug wells) cover 100% of the total population (See table below for detail). At present the coverage of improved water supply is approximately 27%.

Table 26: Existing Water Supply Resources and Utilizers No. of Water No Water sources Resource/ No. of Households % Remarks facilities 1 Stung Chinith 1 Use for agriculture 2 Boeng Chak 1 Use for agriculture 3 Drilled wells 51 1664 63% 4 Dug wells 657 985 37% Total 2649 100% Source: Commune Office Data obtained 2020

51. Chaeung Daeung commune has 79 percent sanitation coverage with 2,649 18

households having latrines before the project. The main reasons people do not have latrines are lack of financial resources due to no regular income which is exacerbated by people being accustomed to open defecation as their long-time habits from the older generations, which is difficult to change although they are aware of sanitation issues. 210 ID-poor HHs will receive sanitation subsidy to construct the household latrines and 23% of the total households will be encouraged and provided with technical support to construct their own latrines (see table below).

Table 27: Commune Sanitation Coverage

Description No. of HHs % Total HHs in the commune 2649 100 Sanitation Coverage 1822 69 Lack of Latrines (HHs Open Defecation) 827 31 Subsidized HHs 210 8 HHs to be encouraged to build latrine with their own resources 617 23 Source: Commune Office Data obtained 2020

52. To meet the safe water and sanitation requirement of the local communities the proposed number of water supply and latrine facilities for rehabilitation and new construction is shown in the table below. The proposed types and number of facilities are based on assessment of available water sources, requests from the community during the community consultation, consideration of the existing water supply and sanitation facilities, MRD guidelines and PPT knowledge based on experiences on the suitability of the proposed options.

Table 28: Number of Proposed Water Supply and Sanitation Facilities in Chhoeung Doeung Sub-project Proposed Proposed number Proposed number Proposed number of Type of facilities of beneficiary of beneficiary number beneficiary HHs population students New drilled wells 71 1573 7572 - Rainwater jars 1104 368 1814 - Total Beneficiary for Water Supply 1,941 9386 - HH latrines 210 210 1050 - Total Beneficiary for Sanitation 210 1050 Latrines for health 1 2649 11877 - centres PE tanks for health 1 2649 11877 - centres Total Beneficiary for Public 2649 11877 - Institution

2.6. KAMPOT PROVINCE 2.6.1. Boeng Nimol Commune Sub-project 53. Boeng Nimol commune is a sub-project, located in Chhuk district, Kampot province, sharing the border of Lbaeuk and Trapeang Bey commune to the west, the

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east of Chhuk and Satvpong communes, Doun Yay and Ang Romeas commune in Dongtong district to the south and Chumpuvand commune in Chumkiri district to the north. The commune is located approximately 35km from the centre of Kampot Town.

54. The commune land is 2,300 ha. This breaks down into 109 ha for residential areas, 1,135 ha for rice fields, 109 ha for home-gardens, 1,000 ha for forestland and 56 ha is a natural lake.

55. The commune has 4 villages with 1,641 families with 1,597 households. In 2020 the total population was 7,758 with 4,010 females (52%). 222 HHs (18% of the total households) are classified as poor (98 HHs IDpoor1 and 124 HHs IDpoor2). These HHs have 1,110 people or 14% of the commune population (See table below for detail). Additionally, there are 368 females headed HHs and 110 HHs that have members with disabilities. There are five government schools including four primary schools and one secondary school, two community pre-schools and one health center.

Table 29: Boeng Nimol Commune Population and IDPoor HHs, 2020 IDPoor HHs No of No of Total No. Village Male Female Poor - HHs Families Population Total Poor-2 % 1 1 Srangae 369 379 1593 761 832 56 22 34 4 2 Prech 449 469 2548 1193 1355 68 34 34 4 3 Boeng 429 443 2016 1029 987 50 22 28 3 4 Pou Doh 350 350 1601 765 836 48 20 28 3 TOTAL 1597 1641 7758 3748 4010 222 98 124 14 Source: Commune Office Data obtained 2020.

56. There is a big natural lake and a combination of rainwater, community ponds and drilled wells are the main sources of water supply. During the rainy season, each household uses rainwater collection from their roofs. According to the commune office (June, 2020), only 82 percent of the total families have enough water for household use and consumption. Among these there are 27 percent (435 families) that use water from natural lake and community ponds and 56 percent (900 families) from drilled wells (See table below for detail). However, 19% of total household have insufficient water to use throughout the whole year because they live far from those water resources. The drilled wells and rainwater are considered as safe water and classified as improved water supply in the villages. Therefore, the coverage of improved water supply is approximately 76%.

Table 30: Existing Water Resources in the Commune

Water Resources No. of Facilities No. of HHs Percentage (%) Boeng Nimol Lake 1 435 27 Community ponds 7 Drilled Wells 91 900 56 Small pipe water system & other 262 17 TOTAL 1597 100 Source: Commune Office Data obtained 2020

57. Some 79% of the population have access to sanitary latrines with 21% going 20

without and still practicing open defecation. However, 14% of total household in the commune who is recognized as ID-poor HHs will receive sanitation subsidy to construct the household latrine and the remaining 7% will be encouraged to construct the latrine with their resources (see table below).

Table 31: Commune Sanitation Coverage, 2020

Description No. of HHs % Total HHs in the commune 1597 100 Sanitation Coverage 1258 79% Lack of Latrines (HHs Open Defecation) 339 21% Subsidized HHs 222 14% HHs to be encouraged to build latrine with their own 117 7% resources Source: Commune Office Data obtained 2020.

58. To meet the safe water and sanitation requirement of the local communities the proposed number of water supply and latrine facilities for rehabilitation and new construction is shown in the table below. The proposed types and number of facilities are based on assessment of available water sources, requests from the community during the community consultation, consideration of the existing water supply and sanitation facilities, MRD guidelines and PPT knowledge based on experiences on the suitability of the proposed options.

Table 32: Number of Proposed Water Supply and Sanitation Facilities in Boeng Nimol Sub-project Proposed Proposed number Proposed number Proposed number of Type of facilities of beneficiary of beneficiary number beneficiary HHs population students New drilled wells 20 200 1000 - Rainwater jars 528 176 880 - Total Beneficiary for Water Supply 376 1880 - HH latrines 222 222 1010 - Total beneficiary for sanitation 222 1010 Latrines for schools 4 - - 761 PE tanks for schools 5 - - 1231 Total Beneficiary for Public - - 1395 Institution

2.6.2. Krang Snay Commune Sub-project 59. Krang Snay commune is in Chhuk district, Kampot province. It is situated 48 km from Kampot town. The commune is bordered by Chhuk commune to the west, Neareay commune to the east, Tramaeng commune to the south and Chres commune to the North.

60. The commune land covers a total area of 2644 ha. 433 ha is residential land, 211 ha is rice paddy fields. 433 ha is gardens, and 17 ha is natural lake.

61. There are a total of 6 villages with the population of 10,892 (5,531 females),

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2,437 households and 2,469 families. 330HHs (13.5 percent of the total households) are classified as poor (147 HHs IDpoor1 and 183 HHs IDpoor2). These HHs have 1,50 people or 15 percent of the commune population. There are 495 female-headed HHs and 58 HHs with a member with a disability. There are three government schools including two primary schools and one secondary school, 2 community pre-schools and one health centre in the commune.

Table 33: Krang Snay Commune Population and ID Poor HHs, 2020 ID Poor HHs No of No of Total No. Village Name Male Female Poor- Poor- HHs Families Population Total % 1 2 1 Touch 615 615 2604 1275 1329 75 36 39 3 2 Ta Noan 258 258 1125 568 557 55 21 34 2 3 Damnak Toap 321 321 1509 766 743 54 41 13 2 Khang Cheung 4 Damnak Toap 519 537 2523 1254 1269 33 5 28 1 Khang Tboung 5 Lve 367 371 1743 831 912 52 16 36 2 6 Krang 357 367 1388 667 721 61 28 33 3 TOTAL 2,437 2469 10892 5361 5531 330 147 183 14 Source: Commune Office Data, Obtained 2020

62. The existing water supply facilities comprise 10 community ponds (17%), 6 private small, piped water systems without treatment (10%), 78 existing dug wells and 9 drilled wells (28%). All households rely also on rainwater for drinking and cooking as they consider rainwater clean and safe for consumption, while water from the ponds is used for bathing and washing. It was reported that approximately 30% of HHs have proper rainwater harvesting system. All the water resources are important for the water supply of the local communities. However, these water resources can provide sufficient water for only 55% of the residents (876 HHs) of the total population in the commune. Approximately 45 percent of total households in the commune have insufficient water for household use and consumption. There is a shortage of water due to the water resources running dry during the dry season especially when the dry season is expanded or when drought occurs. At present approximately 58% HHs have access to improved water supply facilities from drilled wells (28%) and proper rainwater harvesting (30%) and approximately 42% HHs require access to improved water supply facilities.

Table 34: Existing Water Supply Resources and Utilizers in the Commune Number of Percentage No Water Supply Resources No. of Facilities HHs (%) 1 Community pond 10 280 17 2 Drilled well 9 441 28 3 Dug well 78 4 Small Pipe Water System 6 155 10 5 Rainwater System 479 30 Other (surface water, rainwater & 6 242 15 buy water) Total 1597 100 Source: Commune Office Data, Obtained 2020

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63. Approximately 81 percent (1,981 households) of total households have water- sealed latrines and 5 percent (119 households) use dry-pit latrines. 13.83% of the total households still practice open defecation, and these households will need to be encouraged and supported to construct household latrines. Household latrines will be provided for poor households (See table below for detail).

Table 35: Commune Sanitation Coverage

Description No. of HHs % Total HHs in the commune 2437 100 Sanitation Coverage 1981 81.29% Unimproved dry-pit Latrine 119 4.88% Lack of Latrines (HHs Open Defecation) 337 13.83% Subsidized HHs 330 13.54% HHs to be encouraged to build latrine with their own source 7 0.29% Source: Commune Office Data obtained 2020

64. To meet the safe water and sanitation requirement of the local communities the proposed number of water supply and latrine facilities for rehabilitation and new construction is shown in the table below. The proposed types and number of facilities are based on assessment of available water sources, requests from the community during the community consultation, consideration of the existing water supply and sanitation facilities, MRD guidelines and PPT knowledge based on experiences on the suitability of the proposed options.

Table 36: Number of Proposed Water Supply and Sanitation Facilities in Krang Snay Sub-project Proposed Proposed Proposed Proposed number of number of Type of facilities number of number beneficiary beneficiary beneficiary HHs population students New drilled wells for 77 800 4000 - community Rainwater jars 555 185 925 - Rehabilitation of 2 300 1500 - community ponds Total Beneficiary for Water Supply 1285 6425 - HH latrines 330 330 1650 - Total Beneficiary for sanitation 330 1650 Latrines for schools 4 - - 1488 PE tanks for schools 3 - - 1488 PE Tanks for HC 1 2437 10892 New Drilled well for 2 1,238 school New Drilled well for HC 1 2437 10892 Total Beneficiary for Public 2437 10892 1488 Institution

2.6.3. Neareay Commune Sub-project 65. Neareay commune is in Chhuk district, Kampot province. It is situated about 52 Km from Kampot Town. This commune is bordered by Krang Snay commune to the

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west and Tram kok commune of Takeo province to the east; Meanchey commune to the south and Chraish commune to the north.

66. The commune land covers an area of 2,085 ha. 441 ha is residential land, 1,058 ha is rice paddy fields; 441 ha is gardens, and 575 ha is forest and mountainous areas. There are three government schools including two primary schools and one secondary school and one health center.

67. Neareay commune consists of 4 villages with a total of 1,344 households, 1,388 families. The population of the commune is 6,000 of which is 2,884 females. 237 HHs (18 percent of the total households) are classified as poor (90 HHs IDpoor1 and 147 HHs IDpoor2). These HHs have 1,233 people or 20 percent of the commune population. There are 217 female-headed HHs and 47 HHs that have members with disabilities.

Table 37: Neareay Commune Commune Population and ID Poor HHs, 2020 Population IDPoor HHs No of No of No. Village Poor - Poor- HHs Family Total Male Female Total % 1 2 1 Neareay 312 328 1601 860 741 82 39 43 6 2 Pos Pong 239 239 1018 503 515 29 15 14 2 3 Prey Sbov 218 215 933 481 452 62 25 37 5 Khnach 4 575 606 2448 1272 1176 73 20 53 Romeas 5 TOTAL 1344 1388 6000 3116 2884 246 99 147 18 Source: Commune Office Data obtained 2020

68. There is no lake nor streams located within the commune. The surface water is provided by 4 community ponds located in distance from about 100 meters to 3,000 meters from the villages. Approximately 476 HHs (36%) use these facilities. The water from the ponds is also used for agriculture activities. Additionally, 22 drilled wells are used by 350 HHs (26% of total HHs). Not all wells provide water all year round although the water yield reportedly drops during the dry season. Approximately 240 HHs (18%) have water from drilled wells all year round. According to the Provincial Departments of Rural Development (PDRD) Kampot Province, existing drilled wells mostly use ground water from between 40 to 60 m depth with water yields of around 3m3/hr. There are 3 private piped systems that use ground water without treatment. The systems cover 781 HHs (58%). The rate per m3 is approximately Riel 2000 and on average one HH uses 8 to 10 m3 per month. In this Commune approximately 25% of HHs have proper rainwater harvesting system which can be classified as improved water supply. At present the coverage of improved water supply is approximately 43%.

Table 38: Existing Water Supply and Utilizers in Neareay Commune

No Water source No. of Facilities Number of HHs Percentage 1 Community pond 4 213 16 2 Private Small Pipe Water System 3 781 58 3 Drilled Wells 22 350 26 Total 1344 100

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Source: Commune Office Data, Obtained 2020

69. As many as 1,107 households (82 percent) have household latrines and 237 households (18 percent) need latrines to attain fully 100% sanitation coverage in the commune. The main types of sanitary latrine are used in this commune: i) pour-flush latrine with single septic tanks and ii) pour-flush latrine with double septic. The pour- flush latrines with double septic tanks are used at the health centre and at the primary and secondary schools (public schools). According to the commune information, most people are aware of sanitation and hygiene practices and clean environment. 237 HHs in Neareay commune do not have access to safe and sanitary latrines and most likely are still practicing open defecation. These are all the ID Poor HHs.

Table 39: Commune Sanitation Coverage

Description No. of HHs Percentage (%) Total HHs in the commune 1344 100 Sanitation Coverage 1107 82.37% Lack of Latrines (Open Defecation) 237 17.63% Subsidized HHs 237 17.63% HHs to be encouraged to build latrine with their own 0 0.00% resources Source: Commune Office Data, Obtained 2020

70. To meet the safe water and sanitation requirement of the local communities the proposed number of water supply and latrine facilities for rehabilitation and new construction is shown in the table below. The proposed types and number of facilities are based on assessment of available water sources, requests from the community during the community consultation, consideration of the existing water supply and sanitation facilities, MRD guidelines and PPT knowledge based on experiences on the suitability of the proposed options.

Table 40: Number of Proposed Water Supply and Sanitation Facilities in Neareay Sub- project Proposed Proposed number Proposed number Proposed number of Type of facilities of beneficiary of beneficiary number beneficiary HHs population students New drilled wells 64 650 3250 - Installation of rainwater 339 113 565 - jars Total Beneficiary for Water Supply 763 3815 - HH latrines 237 237 1185 - Total Beneficiary for Sanitation 237 1185 Latrines for schools 3 - - 1065 PE tanks for schools 2 - - 1135 New drilled well for 1 - - 367 school Total Beneficiary for Public - - 1135 Institution 25

2.7. PREAH VIHEAR PROVINCE 2.7.1. Chrach Commune Sub-project 71. Chrach commune is in Chey Sen district, Preah Vihear province. It is approximately 85 km from the centre of the provincial town. This commune shares its borders with Khjong and Chaebmouy Commune to the north; Putrea and Reabroy communes in Roveang district to the south and Thmear and Anglung Chrey communes (Thalaborivat district in ) to the east.

72. Chrach commune covers an area of 29,320 ha, about 1,747 ha is rice cultivation land, 272 ha is farming land, 55 ha is residential land, 50 ha is public lake and 3554.70 ha is forest land and mountain area. There are nine government schools, six primary schools and three community pre-schools and one health center.

73. Chrach commune consists of 6 villages. There are a total of 884 households with 1,042 families, a population of 4,228, of which is 2,085 females. 120 HHs (14 percent of the total households) are classified as poor (22 HHs IDpoor1 and 98 HHs IDpoor2) (See table below for detail). These HHs have 600 people or 15 percent of the commune population. There are 21 female-headed HHs and 21 HHs that have members with disabilities.

Table 41: Chrach Commune Commune Population and ID Poor HHs Population ID Poor HHs No of No of No. Village Poor Poor HHs Families Male Female Total %

Total Total 1 2 1 Chrach 181 238 960 481 479 18 4 14 2% 2 Chamraeun 115 148 577 306 271 21 5 16 2% 3 Phlaoch 171 189 741 347 394 35 13 22 4% 4 Pakdevoat 181 198 819 409 410 23 2 21 3% 5 Pramoul Phdom 148 169 638 326 312 14 7 7 2% 6 Damnak Trach 89 100 493 274 219 9 2 7 1% TOTAL 885 1042 4228 2143 2085 120 33 87 14% Source: Commune Office Data, Obtained 2020

74. This commune has 2 lakes (Rolom Ampel and Tram Chos lakes), community ponds, small streams and rainwater which are the main water resources for water supply and domestic uses for 81 percent of the total households. These lakes are far from the villages and dry in the dry season. There are 204 dug wells and drilled wells which provide water supply for 30% of the total households (See table below in detail). The existing drilled wells mostly use ground water from between 70m to 100m depth with water yields of around 1 to 3 m3/hr. Under the current situation of existing water supply, the access to improved water supply is approximately 25%, 17% from use of drilled wells and the rest from rainwater harvesting. Rainwater is safe for consumption if it is harvested and managed properly including stored in covered jars that are raised above the ground. About 13.5% of HHs (120 HHs) live far from available sources, and do not have sufficient water, especially in the dry season.

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Table 42: Existing Water Resource and Utilizers

No. of No. Water Resource No. of Household Percentage (%) Facilities 1 Lakes 2 2 Community Pond 1 3 Private Small Pipe Water 620 70 System 5 Canals 1 6 Drilled wells 22 150 17 7 Dug wells 6 115 13 Total 855 100 Source: Commune Office Data obtained 2020.

75. In the entire commune there are 283 households with latrines which is about 32% of total households in commune. Only 32% of the households in Chrach commune have access to improved sanitary latrines and 68 percent of households are still practicing open defecation. Poor HHs are eligible for sanitation subsidy and at least 492 HHs will be encouraged and provided with technical support to construct household latrine by their own resources (See table below for detail). Based on the KAP survey, the main reasons people do not have latrine are lack of financial resources are lack of regular income, exacerbated by people being accustomed with open defecation as their long-time habits from the older generations, which is difficult to change although they are aware of sanitation issues.

Table 43: Commune Sanitation Coverage

Description No. of HHs % Total HHs in the commune 885 100 Sanitation Coverage 273 31 Lack of Latrines (HHs Open Defecation) 612 69 Subsidized HHs 120 14 HHs to be encouraged to build latrine with their own resources 492 56 Source: Commune Office Data, Obtained 2020

76. To meet the safe water and sanitation requirement of the local communities the proposed number of water supply and latrine facilities for rehabilitation and new construction is shown in the table below. With this proposed improvement, approximately 75% HHs will gain access to improved water supply. This means that with the present coverage of 24% access to improved water supply. The Commune will achieve 100% coverage of improved water supply.

Table 44: Number of Proposed Water Supply & Sanitation Facilities in Chrach Sub- project Proposed Proposed number Proposed number Proposed number of Type of facilities of beneficiary of beneficiary number beneficiary HHs population students Rehabilitation of 1 73 313 - 27

Proposed Proposed number Proposed number Proposed number of Type of facilities of beneficiary of beneficiary number beneficiary HHs population students community ponds Rehabilitation of drilled 15 148 629 - wells New drilled wells 30 321 1365 - Rainwater jars 360 120 465 - Total Beneficiary for Water Supply 662 2772 - HH latrines 120 120 469 - Total Beneficiary for Sanitation 120 469 Latrines for schools 4 - - 172 PE tanks for schools 4 - - 724 Total Beneficiary for Public - - 845 Institution

2.7.2. Putrea Commune Sub-project 77. Putrea Commune is in Sen Chey district, Preah Vihear province. It shares the borders with Reaksa commune of to the west, Chrach commune to the east, S’ang commune in Chey Sean district to the north. The commune is approximately 70km from the centre of Preah Vihear Town.

78. Putrea Commune covers a total area of 17244 ha; about 2610 ha is rice cultivation land, 1780 ha is farming land, 833.5 ha is residential land, and 6863 ha is forestry land and mountainous areas. There are 8 government schools including 6 primary schools and 2 secondary schools, one health centre and two pagodas.

79. Putrea commune consists of 4 villages with 1,466 households, 1,635 families, 6,596 populations, of which 3,392 are females. 231 HHs (17%) of the total households are classified as poor (49 HHs IDpoor1 and 182 HHs IDpoor2) (See table below for detail). These HHs have 1,155 people or 18 percent of the commune population. There are 71 female-headed HHs and 35 HHs that have members with disabilities.

Table 45: Putrea Commune Populations and Poor HHs Populations ID Poor HHs No of No of No Village ID ID HHs Families Total Male Female Total % Poor1 Poor2 1 Putrea 310 333 1280 638 642 45 8 37 3% 2 Perk 792 912 3715 1760 1955 117 22 95 8% 3 Vealbor 220 237 974 378 596 46 18 28 3% 4 Kravann 144 153 627 328 299 35 4 31 2% TOTAL 1466 1635 6596 3104 3492 243 52 191 17% Source: Commune Office Data obtained 2020

80. Stung Sen river flows across the commune and it is the main water source for local communities. It does not have sufficient water supply during the dry season. During the wet season, the villagers use rainwater as well for household consumption. There is 56 percent (916 households) of total households that rely on water from Stung Sen River, 4 community ponds and a private piped-water system, and about 44 percent (719 households) use 42 drilled wells and 1 dug wells as the main water sources. At 28

present the coverage of improved water supply is approximately 44% (See table below for detail)

Table 46: Existing Water Resource in the Commune

No Water source No. of Facilities No. of Households % 1 Stung Sen River 586 40 2 Community Ponds 4 Private piped system 3 1 234 16 (without treatment) 4 Drilled wells 42 646 44 5 Dug wells 1 Total 1466 100 Source: Commune Office Data, Obtained 2020

81. About 19 percent (277 households) of the total households (1,466 households) in the commune have access to household latrines. The rest (81%) still practice open defecation. The project will provide sanitation subsidy for the poor HHs who have no latrines. In Putrea commune all the poor HHs will receive subsidy for the construction of household latrine and the remaining, 946 HHs will be encouraged and provided with technical support for latrine construction with their self-fund (See table below).

Table 47: Commune Sanitation Coverage Number of Description % Households Total Households in the commune 1466 100 Sanitation Coverage 277 19 Lack of Latrines (Open Defecation) 1189 81 Subsidized Households 243 17 HHs to be encouraged to build latrine with their own 946 65 resources Source: Commune Office Data obtained 2020

82. To meet the safe water and sanitation requirement of the local communities the proposed number of water supply and latrine facilities for rehabilitation and new construction is shown in the table below. With this proposed improvement, approximately 56% HHs will gain access to improved water supply. This means that with the present coverage of 44% access to improved water supply, the Commune will achieve 100% coverage of improved water supply.

Table 48: Proposed Water Supply and Sanitation Facilities in Putrea Sub-Project Proposed Proposed number Proposed number Proposed number of Type of facilities of beneficiary of beneficiary number beneficiary HHs population students Rehabilitation of 1 150 572 - community ponds Rehabilitation of drilled 17 180 743 - wells

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Proposed Proposed number Proposed number Proposed number of Type of facilities of beneficiary of beneficiary number beneficiary HHs population students New drilled wells 23 251 1059 - Rainwater jars 729 243 980 - Total Beneficiary for Water Supply 824 3354 - HH latrines 243 243 980 Total Beneficiary for Sanitation 243 980 Latrines for schools 4 - - 974 PE tanks for schools 4 - - 974 Total Beneficiary for Public - - 974 Institution

2.7.3. Tasu Commune Sub-project 83. Tasu commune borders on the west of Preah Khleang commune, Tbaeng Meanchey district, the east of Khyang commune, the north of Prame commune, Tbaeng Meanchey district, Mlu Prey Pir commune and Sangkae Pir, , and the south of S’ang and Putrea commune, Chey Saen district. The commune is about 30 Kilometers far from the centre of Preah Vihear Town.

84. Tasu commune has a total land area of 14,300 ha, about 1,760 ha is rice cultivation land, 165 ha is farming land, 118.8 ha is residential land, and 12,256.20 ha is forest land. There are 5 public schools including four primary schools and one high school.

85. Tasu commune consists of 6 villages, three of them (Thmei, Tasu and Samraong villages) are formal villages and three others are new (Tuol Thnong, Tuol Chhouk and O Sniet village) are not yet officially recognized by the Ministry of Interior. There are a total 588 households with 636 families within the whole commune. The total population is 2,601 with 1,327 (51 percent) females. 135 HHs (23 percent of the total households) are classified as poor (30 HHs IDpoor1 and 105 HHs IDpoor2). These HHs have 675 people or 26 percent of the commune population (See table below for detail).

Table 49: Tasu Commune Populations and ID Poor HHs, 2020

No of No of Total ID Poor HHs No. Village Name Male Female HHs Families Population Total Poor1 Poor2 % 1 Thmei 71 80 309 157 152 20 1 19 3% 2 Tasu 82 82 329 150 179 25 6 19 4% 3 Samraong 186 207 891 426 465 35 10 25 6% 4 Tuol Thnong 58 67 246 129 117 9 1 8 2% 5 Tuol Chhouk 141 148 624 317 307 22 3 19 4% 6 O Sniet 50 52 202 95 107 24 9 15 4% TOTAL 588 636 2601 1274 1327 135 30 105 23% Source: Commune Office Data Obtained 2020

86. There is a main river called Stung Sen and its few tributaries flowing across the whole commune of Tasu. These are the main source of water for agriculture and local consumption. Only the main river has water throughout the year and the tributaries are intermittent (running dry during dry season). All villages of Tasu commune are located far from the main river, so most of them face water shortages during the dry season as all tributaries dry up. For domestic water supply, households use water from different 30

sources such as small streams, ponds, ground water (drill wells), rainwater and piped water supply. The lakes, ponds, and a small, piped water system cover about 1,446 HH partially and seasonally or 80 percent of total in the commune (See table below for detail). In the commune there are drill wells and dug well, which cover about 361 (20 percent) of the total HHs and the small pipe water system is not sufficient to provide water in commune. About 20 percent of the population live far from these sources, do not have sufficient water. Water from these sources is not safe for drinking. Almost all villages of Tasu commune, except Samraong village, are affected by lowland flood because they are in low elevation areas compared with the surrounding areas and do not have proper drainage. At present the coverage of improved water supply is approximately 36%.

Table 50: Existing Water Resources in the Commune

Water Sources No. of Facilities No. of HHs Percentage (%) Stung Sen River and Stream 375 64 Community pond 1 Drilled wells 24 118 20 Dug wells 7 95 16 TOTAL 588 100 Source: Commune Office Data obtained 2020

87. Only 47 percent of the households in Tasu commune have access to improved sanitary latrines and 53% of households still practice open defecation. The following types of sanitary latrines are in this commune: i) pour-flush latrine with single septic tanks and ii) pour-flush latrine with double septic. The pour-flush latrines with double septic tanks are used at the health centers, at the primary and secondary schools (public schools). Based on the KAP survey, the main reasons people do not have latrine are lack of financial resources due to no regular income, exacerbated by people being accustomed to open defecation as their long-time habits from the older generations, which is difficult to change although they are aware of sanitation issues. The project will provide sanitation subsidy for the poor HHs who have no latrines. In Tasu commune all the poor HHs will receive subsidy for the construction of household latrine and the remaining, 30% of total HHs will be encouraged and provided with technical support for latrine construction with their self-fund (See table below).

Table 51: Commune Sanitation Coverage

Description No. of HHs Percentage (%) Total HHs in the commune 588 100 Sanitation Coverage 276 47% Lack of Latrines (HHs Open Defecation) 312 53% Subsidized HHs 135 23% HHs to be encouraged to build latrine with their own source 177 30% Source: Commune Office Data, Obtained 2020

88. The proposed water supply improvement in Tasu commune aims at reaching 100% improved water supply coverage across all the villages. This will include the 31

improvement of drilled wells (rehabilitation and new construction) and rainwater jar installation. To meet the safe water and sanitation requirement of the local communities the proposed number of water supply and latrine facilities for rehabilitation and new construction is shown in the table below.

Table 52: Proposed Water Supply and Sanitation Facilities in Tasu Sub-Project Proposed Proposed number Proposed number Proposed number of Type of facilities of beneficiary of beneficiary number beneficiary HHs population students Rehabilitation of drilled 10 103 502 - wells New drilled wells 12 137 573 - Rainwater jars 405 135 576 - Total Beneficiary for Water Supply 375 1651 - HH latrines 135 135 576 - Total beneficiary for Sanitation 135 576 Latrines for schools 3 - - 403 PE tanks for schools 3 - - 403 Total Beneficiary for Public - - 403 Institution

2.8. PURSAT PROVINCE 2.8.1. Bak Chenhchien Commune Sub-project 89. Bak Chenhchien Commune office is in Ou Ruessei village, shares borders on the west of Phtasroung commune, Phnum Kravanh district and the east of ChormrenPhal commune, Pursat Town and Prongil commune, Phnum Kravanh district, on the South of SamRoung commune and the North of SangKat Lolo sa of Pursat Town and Snam Preah Commune, . The commune is approximately 45km from the centre of Pursat Town.

90. Bak Chenhchien commune has a total land area of 1,952 ha, approximately 1,664 ha is rice cultivation land, 108 ha is farming land, 188 ha is residential land, 1.50 ha is public lake land.

91. The commune has nine villages, 1,677 households, 1,799 families, a population of 7,405 of which 3,719 are females. 417 HHs (25 percent of the total households) are classified as poor (132 HHs IDpoor1 and 285 HHs IDpoor2). These HHs have 1,746 people or 23 percent of the commune population (See table below). There are196 female-headed HHs and 108 HHs that have members with disabilities. There are seven government schools including five primary schools, one secondary school and one high school and one health centre.

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Table 53: Bak Chenhchien Commune Populations and ID Poor HHs Population ID Poor HHs No of No of No Village Name Poor Poor- HHs Families Total Male Female Total % -1 2 1 Ou Rumchang 196 222 861 432 429 42 12 30 3% 2 Bak 237 242 1088 537 551 55 15 40 3% ChenhChien 3 Krabau Chrum 214 241 956 485 471 52 14 38 3% 4 Chan Serei 82 90 303 138 165 24 7 17 1% 5 92 97 412 199 213 23 11 12 1% 6 Ou Ruessei 224 237 1096 502 594 40 19 21 2% 7 Kampong Khtom 160 183 711 411 300 67 31 36 4% 8 Srea Chong 180 182 759 387 372 24 5 19 1% 9 Damnak Ampil 292 305 1219 595 624 107 22 85 6% Total 1677 1799 7405 3686 3,719 434 136 298 26% Source: Commune Office Data Obtained 2020

92. The whole commune of Bak Chenhchien has four lakes, which is the main source of water for agriculture, but these lakes are far from each of the villages and do not provide sufficient water in dry season. For domestic water supply, households use sources such as river, lake, community ponds and shallow drill well (11m-15m) covering approximately 1,349 HH partially and seasonally (75 percent) of total population in commune. In the commune there are drill wells and dug well, which covers about 450 HH (25 percent) of the total population (See table below). About 75 percent of the population live far from these sources, do not have sufficient water and it is difficult to get the water from those sources as they are too far from the villages. These sources are also unsafe for drinking use. Shallow drill wells on average are about 11m to 15m depth. The water is not safe and there have been complaints from community people about water quality, specifically that the iron levels are elevated to levels that affect human health. The water from the Pursat River is used for domestic purposes. It is polluted from chemical fertilizers and open defecation upstream. At present the coverage of improved water supply is approximately only 4%.

93. Surface water from natural lakes, ponds, and streams is used for both agriculture including rice growing, home gardening and domestic purposes. There are 9 community ponds in Bak Chenhchien Commune that are used by 976 HHs (60% of total) in the commune. The small piped system pumps surface water to an elevated tank for distribution to the users without water treatment process and disinfection. There are 251 households (15% of total households) using this system.

Table 54: Existing Water Resources in the Commune

Water Sources No. of Facilities No. of HHs Percentage (%) Lakes and River 976 60% Community ponds 9 Small pipe water system 251 15% Drilled wells 17 450 25% Total 1677 100 Source: Commune Office Data obtained 2020

94. Only 71 percent of the households in Bak Chenhchien commune have access to 33

improved sanitary latrines and 29 percent of households are still practicing open defecation. The following types of sanitary latrine are in this commune: i) pour-flush latrine with single septic tanks and ii) pour-flush latrine with double septic. The pour- flush latrines with double septic tanks are used at the health centers, at the primary and secondary schools (public schools). Based on the KAP survey, the main reasons people do not have latrine are lack of financial resources due to no regular income, exacerbated by people being accustomed with open defecation as their long-time habits from the old generation, which is difficult to change although they are aware of sanitation issues. Only ID Poor HHs will be provide sanitation subsidy. The subsidy will be provided on condition that the beneficiaries will build the latrine upper structure using appropriate local materials. The household latrine must be constructed at a safe place especially for girls/ women and located at least 30 metres from a well depending on the soil type of the location to avoid contaminating the nearby wells (See table below). HHs that are not eligible for sanitation subsidy will be encouraged and provided with technical support to build their latrines.

Table 55: Commune Sanitation Coverage

Description No. of HHs % Total HHs in the commune 1677 100 Sanitation Coverage 1191 71% Lack of Latrines (HHs Open Defecation) 486 29% Subsidized HHs 434 26% HHs to be encouraged to build latrine with their own 52 3% resources Source: Commune Office Data obtained 2020.

95. To meet the safe water and sanitation requirement of the local communities the proposed number of water supply and latrine facilities for rehabilitation and new construction is shown in the table below. The proposed types and number of facilities are based on assessment of available water sources, requests from the community during the community consultation, consideration of the existing water supply and sanitation facilities, MRD guidelines and PPT knowledge based on experiences on the suitability of the proposed options.

Table 56: Proposed water supply and sanitation facilities in Bakchanh Chien Sub- project Proposed Proposed number Proposed number Proposed number of Type of facilities of beneficiary of beneficiary number beneficiary HHs population students New drilled wells 28 271 1385 - Rainwater jars 4011 1337 5591 - Total Beneficiary for Water Supply 1608 6976 - HH latrines 417 417 1746 - Total Beneficiary for Sanitation 417 1746 Latrines for schools 4 - - 1021 PE tanks for schools 4 - - 1021 Latrines for health 1 1677 7405 - centres 34

Proposed Proposed number Proposed number Proposed number of Type of facilities of beneficiary of beneficiary number beneficiary HHs population students PE tanks for health 1 1677 7405 - centres New Drilled well for 4 1021 school New Drilled well for HC 1 1677 7405 Total Beneficiary for Public 1677 7405 1021 Institution

2.8.2. Prongil Commune Sub-project 96. Prongil commune office is in Kampeaeng village, it shares its borders on the west of Samraong and Bak Chenhchien commune, Phnum Kravanh district, the east of Tnaot Chum and Svay Sa commune , the Nnrth of Roleab and Chamraeun Phal Commune Pursat town, on the south of Santreae commune, Kravanh district, and border of Kampong Speu province. The commune is located 22km from the centre of Pursat Town.

97. Prongil commune has total land of 50,350 ha, about 3,215 ha of which is rice cultivation land, 4,110ha is farming land, 1,310 ha is residential land, 45 ha is public lake land, 41,670 ha is forestry land and mountainous area. There are seven government schools including six primary schools and one secondary school and one health centre.

98. Prongil commune has 7 villages, 2,839 households, 2,946 families, a total population of 12,766, of which 6,342 are females. 715 HHs (25 percent of the total households) are classified as poor (361 HHs IDpoor1 and 352 HHs IDpoor2) (See table below). These HHs have 3,192 people or 25 percent of the commune population. There are 348 female-headed HHs and 419 HHs that have members with disabilities.

Table 57: Prongil Commune Population and ID Poor HHs, 2020 Populations ID Poor HHs No of No of No. Village Name Total Poor Poor- HHs Families Male Female Total % Population -1 2 1 Say 442 450 2093 1044 1049 137 67 70 5% 2 Ou Srav 328 339 1426 725 701 90 45 45 3% 3 Kampeaeng 366 388 1595 796 799 121 80 41 4% 4 Prongil 547 549 2257 1105 1152 160 75 85 6% 5 Ou Bak Tra 518 556 2727 1340 1387 132 78 54 5% Samraong 6 198 213 1023 428 595 66 39 27 Yea 2% 7 Svay Pak 440 451 1645 986 659 147 78 69 5% TOTAL 2839 2946 12766 6424 6342 853 462 391 30% Source: Commune Office, 2020

99. The whole commune of Prongil has two lakes (Kampeaeng, and Slar lake) and 1 river (Pursat river), which is the main sources of water for agriculture, but these lakes are far from 5 of villages (except Kampeaeng and Svay Pak village) and do not provide sufficient water in dry season. For domestic water supply, households use sources 35

such as lakes, ponds, rivers, and shallow wells and buy water in containers from private retailers from the truck container (See table below). The water from the lakes covers 15 percent (442 families), the water from community pond covers 10 percent (295 families), the water from the Pursat river covers 10 percent (589 families), the water from shallow drilled wells cover 36 percent (1,060 families), the water from dug well covers 8 percent (236 families), the water which people buy from private retailers and truck container from rivers or lakes covers 11 percent (324 families).Shallow drilled wells on average are about 11m to 15m depth. 36 percent of families use daily the water from shallow drilled wells. The community has complained about water quality with elevated iron level that could affect human health. Moreover, the water from the Pursat River is used for domestic purpose. It is polluted from use of chemical fertilizers and practice of open defecation upstream. At present the coverage of improved water supply is approximately only 8%.

Table 58: Existing Water Resources in Pongil Commune No. of Number of Percentage No Water Resource Facilities families (%) 1 Lakes 2 442 15 2 Pursat River 1 598 20 3 Community Ponds 10 295 10 4 Drilled wells (depth:11-15 m) 16 1060 36 5 Dug wells N/A 236 8 6 Purchased water N/A 324 11 Total 2955 100 Source: Commune Office Data obtained 2020

100. The Prongil commune has 66% sanitation coverage and 1,885 households (out of 2,839 total households in commune) have latrines prior to the project. There are 954 (34%) HHs that are likely to be practicing open defecation or using shared latrines. These HHs need to build latrines to attain 100% sanitation coverage in the commune. The PPT technical officers and District officers will provide technical assistance in selection of appropriate technology options and supervision during construction. The project will provide sanitation subsidies only to Poor-1 and Poor-2 HHs. Therefore, 715 HHs are eligible for the sanitation subsidy. There are 239 HHs (8% of the total) who will be encouraged to construct household latrines with their own resources to achieve 100% coverage (See table below).

Table 59: Commune Sanitation Coverage

Description No. of HHs % Total HHs in the commune 2839 100 Sanitation Coverage 1885 66 Lack of Latrines (HHs Open Defecation) 954 34 Subsidized HHs 715 25 HHs to be encouraged to build latrine with their own resources 239 8 Source: Commune Office Data obtained 2020

101. To meet the safe water and sanitation requirement of the local communities the proposed number of water supply and latrine facilities for rehabilitation and new 36

construction is shown in the table below. The proposed types and number of facilities are based on assessment of available water sources, requests from the community during the community consultation, consideration of the existing water supply and sanitation facilities, MRD guidelines and PPT knowledge based on experiences on the suitability of the proposed options. Table 60: Proposed Water Supply and Sanitation Facilities in Prongil Sub-Project Proposed Proposed number Proposed number Proposed number of Type of facilities of beneficiary of beneficiary number beneficiary HHs population students Construction of new 58 525 2519 - drilled wells for community Installation of rainwater 6282 2094 8851 - jars Total Beneficiary for Water Supply 2619 11370 - Subsidized HH latrines 715 715 3192 Total Beneficiary for Sanitation 715 3192 Latrines for schools 4 - - 923 PE tanks for schools 4 - - 923 Drilled wells for schools 5 - - 923 Latrines for health 1 2839 12766 - centers PE tanks for health 1 2839 12766 - centers Total Beneficiary for Public 2839 12766 923 Institution

2.9. SIEM REAP PROVINCE 2.9.1. Pong Ro Leu Commune Sub-project 102. Pong Ro Leu commune is in Chikreng district, Siem Reap province. It is approximately 80km from the centre of Siem Reap capital town. The commune shares its border with Kouk Thlok Leu on the west, Khvav commune on the north, Pong Ror Krom commune on the south, Ronakse commune (Sangkum Thmei district, Preah Vihear province) and Popok commune (, Kampong Thom province) on the east.

103. Pong Ro Leu commune covers an area of 26,987 ha of which 3,993 ha for rice cultivation land; 5,110 ha for gardens; 2,031 ha for residential land and 15,853 ha is forest and mountainous areas. There are nine government schools including eight primary schools and one secondary school and one health center.

104. Pong Ro Leu commune consists of 10 villages. In 2020 the total population was 10,506 with 5,233 females (50 percent). 432 HHs (19 percent) of the total households are classified as poor (210 HHs IDpoor1 and 231 HHs IDpoor2). These HHs have 1,110 people or 14 percent of the commune population (See Table below for detail). There are 309 female-headed HHs and 25 HHs that have members with disabilities.

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Table 61: Pong Ro Leu Commune Populations and ID Poor HHs Population ID Poor HHs No of No of No. Village Poor- Poor- HHs Families Total Male Female Total % 1 2 1 Trapeang 274 274 1244 619 625 60 47 13 3% Phluoh 2 Chek 277 277 1368 692 676 56 11 45 2% 3 Kreang 203 203 939 479 460 20 10 10 1% 4 Kbal 329 329 1275 688 587 36 15 21 2% Damrei 5 Kumru 244 244 1157 582 575 38 29 9 2% 6 Svay Chek 182 182 858 427 431 68 31 37 3% 7 Dob Tnaot 149 149 928 479 449 38 23 15 2% 8 Sralau 69 69 307 163 144 27 7 20 1% Sraong 9 Prey 339 339 1440 654 786 63 11 52 3% Chhkar 10 Loh'okk 211 211 990 490 500 26 17 9 1% TOTAL 2,277 2277 10506 5273 5233 432 201 231 19% Source: Commune Office Data, Obtained 2020

105. In the commune there is a reservoir called Tomnub Makara which is the main water resource for domestic uses. It is especially used for agricultural water provision. However, the reservoir is not able to provide enough water supply for the local communities because it is located far from the villages and runs dry during the dry season. For water supply, local people depends on dug wells with complementary rainwater as the major resources for household consumption. In the commune, there are 19 drilled-wells, 59 protected hand-dug wells, 113 unprotected hand-dug wells (See table below). It is reported that the drilled wells and protected dug-wells could provide water supply all year-round for 250 households (11 percent) in the commune, but 2,027 households (89 percent) use water from unprotected dug-wells and other sources such as rain and buying water for family consumption. This proportion of the local people have been facing insufficient water supply throughout the year especially during the dry season. Most HHs harvest rainwater during the rainy season (Jun-Oct) to get supply of water for drinking and cooking during the wet season which lasts from June to November. Rainwater is considered clean and safe for consumption, while water from ponds and streams is used for bathing and washing. Rainwater is safe for consumption if it is harvested and managed properly including stored in covered jars that are raised above the ground. Most HHs have limited storage capacity of rainwater. At present the coverage of improved water supply is approximately only 11%.

Table 62: Existing Water Resources in Pongro Leu Commune, SRP

No Type of Water Resource No. of Facilities No. of Household % 1 Drilled-well 19 650 28 2 Protected hand-dug well 59 130 6 3 Unprotected hand-dug well 113 1,497 66 Total 2277 100

106. Only 40% of the households in Pong Ro Leu commune have access to improved 38

sanitary latrines and 60% of the households are still practicing open defecation (See table below). The remaining 40% of HHs need to build latrines to achieve ODF status of the Commune. Only ID Poor HHs (19%) are eligible for sanitation subsidy and HHs that are not entitled to sanitation subsidies are expected to construct household latrines with their own resources as a result of sanitation and hygiene behaviour change (SHBC) activities to be conducted by trained promoters i.e. the village focal persons and commune focal persons. The Project will provide technical assistance to those HHs in selection of appropriate designs based on the MRD’s sanitation informed choice manual, 2012. The Project will encourage the participation of local sanitation business owners based in the commune or within the district to market their products and services. The latrine must be constructed at a safe place especially for girls/ women and located at least 30 metres from a well depending on the soil type of the location to avoid contaminating the nearby wells

Table 63: Commune Sanitation Coverage

Description No. of HHs % Total HHs in the commune 2277 100 Sanitation Coverage 911 40% Lack of Latrines (HHs Open Defecation) 1366 60% Subsidized HHs 432 19% HHs to be encouraged to build latrine with their own 934 41% resources Source: Commune Office Data, Obtained 2020

107. To meet the safe water and sanitation requirement of the local communities the proposed number of water supply and latrine facilities for rehabilitation and new construction is shown in the table below. The proposed types and number of facilities are based on assessment of available water sources, requests from the community during the community consultation, consideration of the existing water supply and sanitation facilities, MRD guidelines and PPT knowledge based on experiences on the suitability of the proposed options.

Table 64: Number of Proposed Water Supply and Sanitation Facilities in Pongror Leu Sub-project Proposed Proposed number Proposed number Proposed number of Type of facilities of beneficiary of beneficiary number beneficiary HHs population students New drilled wells 64 555 2572 - Rainwater jars 4416 1472 6748 - Total Beneficiary for Water Supply 2027 9320 - HH latrines 232 232 1003 - Total beneficiary for Sanitation 232 1003 Latrines for schools 9 - - 2052 PE tanks for schools 9 - - 2052 Total Beneficiary for Public - - 2052 Institution

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2.9.2. Russei Lork Commune Sub-project 108. Ruessei Lork commune is in Chikreng district, Siem Reap province. The commune shares its borders with Ta Yeik commune to the north and west; and Sang Veiy commune to the east and south. The commune is located 56km from Siem Reap City.

109. Ruessei Lork commune covers an area of 11,369 ha, of which is 4,500 ha of rice cultivation land, 1,359 ha of gardens, 1,894 ha of residential land, and 3,616 hectares is a combination of natural lake, river, and forest areas. There are nine government schools including eight primary schools, one secondary school and one health center.

110. Ruessei Lork commune has 8 villages. There are 3,112 households including 3,122 families in the commune with a total population of 14,226, of which is 7,132 females. 447 HHs (14 percent) of the total households are classified as poor (213 HHs IDpoor1 and 264 HHs IDpoor2) (See table below for detail). These HHs have 1,110 people or 14 percent of the commune population. There are 248 female-headed HHs and 60 HHs that have members with disabilities.

Table 65: Russei Lork Commune Populations and IDPoor HHs Populations IDPoor HHs No of No of No Village Poor Poor HHs Families Total Male Female Total % - 1 - 2 1 Samraong 323 323 1539 781 758 57 22 35 2% Kanhchaoch 2 Boeng 513 519 2253 1109 1144 61 22 39 2% 3 Spean 309 309 1327 639 688 29 16 13 1% Touch 4 Yeang 294 295 1276 624 652 10 6 4 0% 5 Ruessei Lok 468 496 2054 1030 1024 39 33 6 1% 6 Totueng 499 499 2645 1305 1340 95 57 38 3% Thngai 7 Krouch 475 487 2023 1052 971 28 2 26 1% 8 Trapeang 231 231 1109 554 555 59 29 30 2% Run TOTAL 3112 3159 14226 7094 7132 378 187 191 12% Source: Commune Office Data obtained 2020.

111. Ten drilled wells have been used by 95 households (3%); 101 protected dug wells used by 1,404 households (45%) and 146 unprotected dug wells used by 1,623 households (See table below). Additionally, one natural river and one lake are important for agriculture as well as for household water provision. However, these water resources provide insufficient water during the dry season. At present, the coverage of improved water supply is merely 3%. Table 66: Existing Water Supply Available in the Commune Number of No Water Resource Number of Facilities % Households 1 Drilled Wells 30 95 3 2 Protected Dug Wells 101 1404 45 3 Unprotected Dug Wells 188 1623 52 Total 3122 100% 40

Source: Commune Office Data, Obtained 2020

112. 1,174 households have their own latrines which is equal to 38 percent of total households (3,112 HHs) in Reussei Lork commune. The rest of the HHs (62 percent of the household total (1,938 HHs)) have no latrines to use and most likely still practice open defecation. In the commune, 2 types of the sanitary latrines installed are: 1) pour- flush latrine with single septic tanks and 2) pour-flush latrine with double septic tank. The pour-flush latrines with double septic tanks are used at the health centers and at the primary and secondary schools (public schools). The project will provide sanitation subsidies only to Poor-1 and Poor-2 HHs. Therefore, 378 HHs are eligible for the sanitation subsidy. There are 1560 HHs (50% of the total) who will be encouraged and provided with technical to construct household latrines with their own resources to achieve 100% coverage (See table below).

Table 67: Commune Sanitation Coverage

Description No. of HHs % Total HHs in the commune 3,112 100 Sanitation Coverage 1174 38 Lack of Latrines (HHs Open Defecation) 1938 62 Subsidized HHs 378 12 HHs to be encouraged to build latrine with their own 1560 50 resources

113. To meet the safe water and sanitation requirement of the local communities the proposed number of water supply and latrine facilities for rehabilitation and new construction is shown in the table below. The proposed types and number of facilities are based on assessment of available water sources, requests from the community during the community consultation, consideration of the existing water supply and sanitation facilities, MRD guidelines and PPT knowledge based on experiences on the suitability of the proposed options.

Table 68: Number of Proposed Water Supply and Sanitation Facilities in Russei Lork Sub-project Proposed Proposed number Proposed number Proposed number of Type of facilities of beneficiary of beneficiary number beneficiary HHs population students New drilled wells 73 723 3165 - Rainwater jars 6882 2294 10311 - Total Beneficiary for Water Supply 3017 9320 - HH latrines 378 378 1891 - Total beneficiary for Sanitation 378 1891 Latrines for schools 3 - - 836 PE tanks for schools 5 - - 1205 Latrines for health 1 3112 14226 - centres 41

Proposed Proposed number Proposed number Proposed number of Type of facilities of beneficiary of beneficiary number beneficiary HHs population students PE tanks for health 1 3112 14226 - centres New Drilled for School 3 836 Total Beneficiary for Public 3112 14226 1543 Institution

3. DESIGN STANDARDS

114. A proposed community pond has been designed to contain water at least 15,000 m3 per season. It assumes that abstracted water will be refilled by rains during the wet season for a period of 6 to 7 months and the rest of the year is the dry season that local people depend on the community pond to harvest the water. Each community pond will be equipped with a treatment plant which can supply approximately 5 m3 of water per hour. This volume is estimated to be sufficient for about 150 beneficiary households. Based on WHO standard, 2010, the basic need of water is between 50- 100 litres per day per capita.

115. The proposed community ponds have different sizes and locations as seen in Table 18 below. Some community ponds are in the lowlands which experiences annual flooding during the rainy season. Therefore, the design of the proposed community ponds will be based on the availability of public land or community land, geographical features, and environment conditions of the proposed site. The conceptual design of the proposed community ponds as seen in Annex 2.

116. A water treatment plant will be installed at all community ponds (see Annex 2). The water treatment plant consists of a fast-mixing tank, a slow mixing tank, a clarifier tank, a sand filtration tank, and a clean water storage tank. The fast-mixing tank receives a dosage of Alum and water discharge process is to mix- alum (the alum acts as flocculant which promotes agglomeration of the fine particles). The water then it goes to slow mixing tank and finally the clarifier tank, the process is that the suspended solids in the water have time to settle down at the bottom of the tank. The water with slightly remaining particle goes through a sand filtration tank which filters the water further. Finally, the clear water goes to storage tank that is treated by chlorine to disinfect the bacteria and other micro-organisms.

117. For abstraction of water from water supply facilities there will be no piped distribution network with household connections. As per the prevailing practice in rural Cambodia, villagers collect water from the public water facilities using buckets or jerricans and carry these on bicycle, or motorcycles or in some areas using “Ethan” (locally made trucks), or handcarts.

4. CONSTRUCTION METHODOLOGY AND SCOPE OF WORKS

4.1. Community Pond Rehabilitation

118. Key activities of the community pond rehabilitation to be carried out are: a. Site preparation including scrub/bush or tree removal b. Excavation of soil. 42

c. compaction of slopes d. construction of embankments e. construction of filtration f. construction of solar pump, fitting, and panel g. construction of culvert and water inlet structure with sand trap h. stone pitching for water flow area i. erection of PE water tank 200 litre j. provision of drowning protection: treatment plant drowning protection, steel & wire mesh; suit for protection from drowning k. fencing the pond surrounding l. waste collection and Management m. vegetating the pond surrounding 119. Small scale construction vehicles will be used for the construction of the proposed community ponds. One or two excavators will be used to excavate earth/soils of the proposed community pond. Two dump trucks and one vibrating roller will be used to compress the soils of the bunds and roads. The construction of the pond will take place over approximately 2 weeks or one month. There are a few construction workers working at the site without camping. They usually stay with local people close to the construction site. So, there is no concern about waste while housekeeping and open defection are not the issues.

120. Earthwork: Due to different sizes of the community ponds proposed for the rehabilitation, there are different volumes of the soil that will be excavated from each of the ponds (See Table 18). However, on average approximately 10,019.17 m3 of soils will be excavated from each community pond and around 1,287 m3 of this will be used to build the embankment/dykes around the pond, and approximately 7,205 m3 of the soil remains. This remaining soil will used to build a road connecting the pond to the village’s road and/or to fill lowland of the housing sites belonging to residents to raise that land. This creates an added benefit as communities often need to pay for soil to raise land and help prevent flooding.

Table 69: Volume of Soils Excavated and Its Uses

Existing Community Pond Proposed Community Pond Soils Village/ Soils Soil for Province Comm. Pond Excavated Remaining Bunds Name L W D V1 (m3) L W D V2 (m3) (m3) (m3) (m3) Damnak Trach 62 54 1.9 4582.09 50 45 6 9016.55 4434.46 1144.50 3289.96 Kampong Speu Dambok Rung 70 40 1 1911.25 55 30 6 5899.84 3988.59 1039.50 2949.09

Mean Chey 70 50 0.7 1768.04 55 35 6 7308.75 5540.71 1092.00 4448.71 Touch 35 25 0.8 351.12 70 50 6 15154.59 14803.48 1407.00 13396.48 Kampot Lve 130 80 0.5 4307.02 100 50 6 22492.31 18185.29 1722.00 16463.29

Preah Chrach 40 30 2 1351.23 60 40 6 9626.32 8275.09 1197.00 7078.09 Vihear Perk 30 20 1 248.00 70 50 6 15154.59 14906.59 1407.00 13499.59 Total 14518.74 84652.95 70134.22 9009.00 50437.45 Note: L: Length, W: Width, D: Depth, V: Volume,

4.2. Detail on Specific Site of the Proposed Community Ponds 4.2.1. Touch Community Pond, Krang Snay Sub-project

121. Description of the site: Toch community pond is in Touch village, Krang Snay commune, Chhuk District, Kampot Province. It is approximately 10.5 km from Chhouk 43

district hall. To reach the village, travel is along the national road No.3 and laterite road. The proposed community pond covers an area of 1 hectare of community land, located approximately 100 meters from the village and about 488 meters from the village main road (village-laterite road). The location of this proposed community pond is optimal compared to others due to lowland and its proximately 3 km to the forest on the hills at the South-west.

122. During the construction vehicle movement and equipment will be transported from Chhouk market to the site through national road No.3 and village laterite road. This is laterite road about 6 meters wide and 1.62 km long continuing with earth road 880 meters long until approach the proposed community pond. There is no impact on private land, or any existing structures belong to private individuals. This has been confirmed by the local authorities and community representatives during the consultation meeting conducted on 22 December 2020.

123. The screening confirmed that the proposed community pond is located on the community land which reserved for public requirement of the village such as need for the community pond establishment and other socio-economic development (see Figure 2).

Figure 2: Touch Community Pond Proposed for Rehabilitation and Environmental and General Contexts of Touch Village

124. Land Use Type: Touch village contains residential lands, rain-fed rice fields and home gardens. There are no streams or cannels located within the village.

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125. Vegetation: There are no forest and trees in the proposed area. The grasslands and common vegetation occur in the proposed area, but no significant species are found. Around the proposed area is rice fields and home gardens to the west and small hills covered with forest is far from the proposed pond about 3 km to the south-west.

126. Surface Water: There are no permanent water bodies located within the proposed area. There is, however, a reservoir called Mlech Dam located nearby the hills about 4.235 km from the proposed area. However, this reservoir will not affect to the proposed pond because the water from the reservoir is used for the surrounding agricultural lands and the resort areas.

127. Receptors and Access. The centre of the village is approximately 300 meters to the south and west of the proposed pond. The site is easily to access from the main road through the village laterite road and an earth pathway to the southern edge of the pond. Within the local area the access road is largely unpopulated except for the houses in the main village area.

128. The construction of the community pond will take two to three months during the dry season. The pond will be re-sized to 70 meters by 50 meters equal to a total area of 3,500 square meters and a depth of 6 meters. The size of the commune land is larger than the area needed for the community pond rehabilitation (see figure 2), so the corridor of impact including the rainfall catchment area stays within the commune land area. Table 19 below shows Summary Scope of Work for Touch community pond rehabilitation.

Table 70: Scope of Work for the Pond Rehabilitation in Touch Village

No. Description of Work Unit Qty 1 General Item 1.1 Transportation of equipment to and/or from construction site ton 40 with good road in 10.25 km-dist. 1.2 Mobilization of Contractor's staff and labor to site LS 1 1.3 Site Camp, toilet preparation with electric and water supply LS 1 1.4 Site cleaning after completed work LS 1 2 Earthworks 2.1 Soil Excavated from borrow Pit m3 14803.48 2.2 Soils to build embankment and slope with compaction m3 1407.00 2.3 Soils remaining for building a road to the pond or fill lowland of m3 13396.48 villager's settlement 3 Construction of the Water treatment plant 3.1 Reinforced Concrete grade 25 Mpa m3 16.03 3.2 Steel bar D10mm (ASTM) kg 1138 3.3 Sand media, Stone riprap, Gravel, filter & compacted rock & m3 32.09 labor 3.4 Pipe, screen and fitting, Water cut-off valve float, pump house& LS - drown protection 3.5 GI sheet and frame & wire mesh (3mm) m2 21 3.6 Brick wall 10 cm and plastering (1:4) m2 3.5 3.7 Electric Cut-off float and wire protection set 1 3.8 Solar Pump, Fitting, and Panel Set 1 3.9 Supply and install HDPE Corrugated Sewer m 5 45

No. Description of Work Unit Qty 4 Miscellaneous 4.1 Temporary Benchmarks (TBM) no. 1 4.2 Project Sign Board no. 1 4.3 Traffic sign as required on approaches to Road embankment no. 3 (Provisional Qty.) 4.4 Quality material test (Laboratory) LS 1 5 Safety and environment control 5.1 Environmental Health and Safety: first aids kit, Information LS 1 board, Banners, Environmental GRM board, sufficient barriers, social distancing (to avoid COVID-19), sufficient safety equipment (including hard hat, safety vest, mask, glove, boot), etc. 5.2 Environmental Code of Conduct (ECoC) LS 1 5.3 PE water tank 200 liter with tap, Alum or PAC (Poly aluminum LS 1 chloride powder) and Water analysis (included transport to lab) 5.4 Geo-textile (Woven) m2 848

4.2.2. Lve Community Pond, Krang Snay Sub-project

129. Description of the site: Lve Community Pond is an existing pond proposed for the rehabilitation located in Lve village, Krang Snay commune, Chhouk District, Kampot Province. The village situates is approximately 4 km from Krang Snay commune office and 7.75 km from Chhouk district town. This proposed community pond is located within the community land which have already two shallow community ponds. The proposed pond will be deepened and expanded with the existing pond to containing sufficient water for local communities. The proposed site is easy to access via a laterite road which is 2.4 km from national road No.3. This proposed pond for rehabilitation is always dry during dry season. However, the design of the pond is to provide water supply for both dry and wet seasons.

130. During the construction, the vehicles movement and equipment will be transported to the site via the existing laterite road. There is no impact on private land, or any existing structures belong to private individuals. This has been confirmed by the local authorities and community representatives during the consultation meetings conducted on 15-26 December 2020.

131. The screening confirms that this existing community pond proposed for rehabilitation is located on the community lands reserved for the community pond and socio-economic development of the village (see figure 3 below).

46

Figure 3: Existing Community Pond Proposed for Rehabilitation and Environmental Context of Lve Village

132. Land Use Type: Lve village is covered with rain-fed rice fields, home gardens, and residential lands.

133. Vegetation: There are no forests or natural habitats in the proposed area for rehabilitation of the existing community pond as shown in Figure 3 above. However, there are common species of fruit trees within the home gardens. The most common species are mangrove, coconut tree etc.

134. Surface Water: There are several water resources in Krang Snay commune including a seasonal natural pond located 907 meters from the proposed pond, a permanent water body called Tomnoub Boeung which has established by MOWRAM for the agricultural purposes. This reservoir is located about 4 km from the community pond proposed for the improvement.

135. Receptors and Access. The proposed community pond is in the centre of the village. The site is easily access from national road No.3 via a laterite village road which is about 2.4 km long. Within the local area surrounding the access road is largely unpopulated except for the houses in the main village area.

136. The construction of the community pond will take two to three months during the dry season. The pond will be resized to 100 meters by 50 meters equating to a total area of 50,000 square meters and 6 meters in depth. The size of the commune land is larger than the area needed for the community pond rehabilitation, so the

47

corridor of impact including the rainfall catchment area stays within the commune land area (See figure 3 above). Table 20 shows the summary Scope of Work for the community pond in Trom village.

Table 71: Summary Scope of Work for the Community Pond in Lve Village

No. Description of Work Unit Qty 1 General Item 1.1 Transportation of equipment to and/or from construction site with ton 40 good road in 7.75 km-dist. 1.2 Mobilization of Contractor's staff and labor to site LS 1 1.3 Site Camp, toilet preparation with electric and water supply LS 1 1.4 Site cleaning after completed work LS 1 2 Earthworks 2.1 Soil Excavated from borrow Pit m3 18185.29 2.2 Soils to build embankment and slope with compaction m3 1722.00 2.3 Soils remaining for building a road to the pond or fill lowland of m3 16463.29 villager's settlement 3 Construction of the Water treatment plant 3.1 Reinforced Concrete grade 25 Mpa m3 16.03 3.2 Steel bar D10 mm (ASTM) kg 1138 3.3 Sand media, Stone riprap, Gravel, filter & compacted rock& labor m3 32.09 3.4 Pipe, screen and fitting, Water cut-off valve float, pump house& LS - drown protection 3.5 GI sheet and frame & wire mesh (3mm) m2 21 3.6 Brick wall 10 cm and plastering (1:4) m2 3.5 3.7 Electric Cut-off float and wire protection set 1 3.8 Solar Pump, Fitting, and Panel Set 1 3.9 Supply and install HDPE Corrugated Sewer m 5 4 Miscellaneous 4.1 Temporary Benchmarks (TBM) no. 1 4.2 Project Sign Board no. 1 4.3 Traffic sign as required on approaches to Road embankment no. 3 (Provisional Qty.) 4.4 Quality material test (Laboratory) LS 1 5 Safety and environment control 5.1 Environmental Health and Safety: first aids kit, Information board, LS 1 Banners, Environmental GRM board, sufficient barriers, social distancing (to avoid COVID-19), sufficient safety equipment (including hard hat, safety vest, mask, glove, boot), etc. 5.2 Environmental Code of Conduct (ECoC) LS 1 5.3 PE water tank 200 liter with tap, Alum or PAC (Poly aluminum LS 1 chloride powder) and Water analysis (included transport to lab) 5.4 Geo-textile (Woven) m2 848

4.2.3. Peurk Community Pond, Putrea Sub-project

137. Description of the site: Peurk community pond is in Peurk village, Putrea commune, Chey Sen District, Preah Vihear Province. The distance of this community pond is approximately 70 km from the provincial capital and 25 km from Chey Sen district town. There is no good road to access to the proposed community pond for 48

rehabilitation, but it is closed to laterite road No.216, just about 174 meters distance, 100 meters from settlement and 2 km from communal populated areas or the centre of the village. The location of this proposed pond is also situated about 1 km from Peurk primary school.

138. The existing community pond will be expanded up to 3,500 square meters (70 meters length, 50 meters width and 6 meters depth). The proposed pond is located within the commune’s public land which is a flat terrain closed to a small stream which located 546 meters from the proposed location. The proposed pond will receive water from the rains and small stream during the wet season.

139. The environmental screening confirms that there are no big trees and forest and cultural/historical protected areas. The pond proposed for rehabilitation is surrounded by rice fields in the South and North and shrubs in the West and East. Because the existing community pond is small the expansion of the pond will reduce the grassland and some shrubs nearby the proposed site (see figure 4).

Figure 4: Existing Community Pond Proposed for Rehabilitation and Environmental Context of Peurk Village

140. Land Use Type: Peurk Community pond is surrounded by rain-fed rice fields, residential areas, and fragile forests. The residents are in the south along the laterite road and degraded forest covers an area to the West and remaining shrubs and grasslands to the east and rice fields are at the south and north of the proposed community pond.

141. Vegetation: There are some forested areas located about 1 km away from the proposed community pond to the North-east but no big trees within the proposed site for the community pond, as shown in Figure 4 above. The common species of flora 49

found in the forested areas or shrublands are: Crateva magna (Tonlear), Combretum quadrangulare (Deum Sangke). However, those common species of flora will not be affected by the construction of the proposed pond because they are located far from the proposed site.

142. Surface Water: Three man-made ponds are located close to this proposed community pond. Two of them are located about 100 meters away but those ponds are usually dry in dry season and one large pond is 893.54 meters distance is not dry in the dry season. There is small stream located about 2.156 km and Stung Sen stream is permanent water bodies which is located about 5.600 km form this proposed community pond.

143. Receptors and Access. The centre of the village is approximately 2 km to the west of the proposed rehabilitation pond. The site can be accessed by laterite road No. 216 crossing paddy field via earth road to the southern edge of the pond. Within the local area surrounding the access road is largely unpopulated except for the houses along the laterite road No. 216 and the main village area to the West.

144. During the construction, the vehicles movement and equipment will be transported to the site via laterite road No. 216 and earth road to approach the proposed site. There is no impact on private land, or any existing structures belong to private individuals. This has been confirmed by the local authorities and community representatives during the consultation meetings conducted on 22 November 2020.

145. The construction of the community pond will take two to three months during the dry season. The pond will be resized to 70 meters by 50 meters equating to a total area of 3,500 square meters and 6 meters in depth. The size of the commune land is larger than the area needed for the community pond rehabilitation, so the corridor of impact including the rainfall catchment area stays within the commune land area (See figure 4 above).

146. Table below shows the summary Scope of Work for the community pond in Peurk village.

Table 72: Summary Scope of Work for the Community Pond in Peurk Village

No. Description of Work Unit Qty

1 General Item 1.1 Transportation of equipment to and/or from construction site with ton 40 good road in 25 km-dist. 1.2 Mobilization of Contractor's staff and labor to site LS 1 1.3 Site Camp, toilet preparation with electric and water supply LS 1 1.4 Site cleaning after completed work LS 1

2 Earthworks 2.1 Soil Excavated from borrow Pit m3 14906.59 2.2 Soils to build embankment and slope with compaction m3 1407.00 2.3 Soils remaining for building a road to the pond or fill lowland of m3 13499.59 villager's settlement

50

No. Description of Work Unit Qty

3 Construction of the Water treatment plant 3.1 Reinforced Concrete grade 25 Mpa m3 16.03 3.2 Steel bar D10 mm (ASTM) kg 1138 3.3 Sand media, Stone riprap, Gravel, filter & compacted rock& labor m3 32.09 3.4 Pipe, screen and fitting, Water cut-off valve float, pump house& LS - drown protection 3.5 GI sheet and frame & wire mesh (3mm) m2 21 3.6 Brick wall 10 cm and plastering (1:4) m2 3.5 3.7 Electric Cut-off float and wire protection set 1 3.8 Solar Pump, Fitting, and Panel Set 1 3.9 Supply and install HDPE Corrugated Sewer m 5 4 Miscellaneous 4.1 Temporary Benchmarks (TBM) no. 1 4.2 Project Sign Board no. 1 4.3 Traffic sign as required on approaches to Road embankment no. 3 (Provisional Qty.) 4.4 Quality material test (Laboratory) LS 1 5 Safety and environment control 5.1 Environmental Health and Safety: first aids kit, Information board, LS 1 Banners, Environmental GRM board, sufficient barriers, social distancing (to avoid COVID-19), sufficient safety equipment (including hard hat, safety vest, mask, glove, boot), etc. 5.2 Environmental Code of Conduct (ECoC) LS 1 5.3 PE water tank 200 liter with tap, Alum or PAC (Poly aluminum LS 1 chloride powder) and Water analysis (included transport to lab) 5.4 Geo-textile (Woven) m2 848

4.2.4. Chrach Community Pond, Chrach Sub-project

147. Description of the site: Chrach community pond is in Chrach village, Chrach commune, Chey Sen District, Preah Vihear Province. The distance of this community pond is approximately 23 km from Chey Sen district’s market. It is easy to access to the proposed community pond via the earth road 100 meters long. This proposed pond is close to a small natural cannel which is located about 170 meters the proposed pond to the East.

148. The proposed community pond for the rehabilitation is located within the commune’s public land which is a flat terrain receiving water from the rains and nearby small stream during the wet season. This proposed community pond distances about 200 meters from the centre of the village and 14.676 km from communal populated areas.

149. The environmental screening confirms that there are no big trees and cultural/ historical protected areas within the proposed community pond. The existing 51

community pond is small that need to be expanded over the grassland and some shrubs located nearby the proposed site (see figure 5).

Figure 5: Existing Community Pond Proposed for Rehabilitation and Environmental Context of Chrach Village

150. Land Use Type: Chrack Community pond is surrounded by rain-fed rice fields and residential areas located in the West along the laterite road and degraded forest and shrubs. The good forest is in the area 5 km away to the South.

151. Vegetation: There are no forest, trees, or natural habitats in the proposed site. However, there are some fragile forest habitats in the East and South. There are only common species of flora found in shrubland nearby the proposed area. The common species observed are Combretum quadrangulare (Deum Sangke), Gmelina asiatica (Deum Anhchanh).

152. Surface Water: There are no permanent water bodies within the proposed site. However, there is a small stream (Khmer called “O”) located about 170 meters from the proposed pond in the South. Most of the section of the stream is always dry in the dry season.

153. Receptors and Access. The centre of the village is approximately 200 meters to the West of the proposed site. The site is easily access crossing the village via a earth road to the western edge of the pond. Within the local area surrounding the access road is largely unpopulated except for the houses in the main village area.

154. During the construction, the vehicles movement and equipment will be 52

transported to the site via the existing laterite road. The construction materials maybe transported from Chey Sen market which is about 23 km from Chrach village. There is no impact on private land, or any existing structures belong to private individuals. This has been confirmed by the local authorities and community representatives during the consultation meetings conducted on 22 November 2020.

155. The construction of the community pond will take two to three months during the dry season. The pond will be resized to 70 meters by 50 meters equating to a total area of 3,500 square meters and 6 meters in depth. The size of the commune land is larger than the area needed for the community pond rehabilitation, so the corridor of impact including the rainfall catchment area stays within the commune land area.

156. Table below shows the summary Scope of Work for the community pond in Chrach village.

Table 73: Summary Scope of Work for the Community Pond in Chrach Village

No. Description of Work Unit Qty

1 General Item 1.1 Transportation of equipment to and/or from construction site with ton 40 good road in 23 km-dist. 1.2 Mobilization of Contractor's staff and labor to site LS 1 1.3 Site Camp, toilet preparation with electric and water supply LS 1 1.4 Site cleaning after completed work LS 1

2 Earthworks 2.1 Soil Excavated from borrow Pit m3 8275.09 2.2 Soils to build embankment and slope with compaction m3 1197.00 2.3 Soils remaining for building a road to the pond or fill lowland of m3 7078.09 villager's settlement

3 Construction of the Water treatment plant 3.1 Reinforced Concrete grade 25 Mpa m3 16.03 3.2 Steel bar D10 mm (ASTM) kg 1138 3.3 Sand media, Stone riprap, Gravel, filter & compacted rock& labor m3 32.09 3.4 Pipe, screen and fitting, Water cut-off valve float, pump house& LS - drown protection 3.5 GI sheet and frame & wire mesh (3mm) m2 21 3.6 Brick wall 10 cm and plastering (1:4) m2 3.5 3.7 Electric Cut-off float and wire protection set 1 3.8 Solar Pump, Fitting, and Panel Set 1 3.9 Supply and install HDPE Corrugated Sewer m 5 4 Miscellaneous 4.1 Temporary Benchmarks (TBM) no. 1 4.2 Project Sign Board no. 1 4.3 Traffic sign as required on approaches to Road embankment no. 3

53

No. Description of Work Unit Qty (Provisional Qty.) 4.4 Quality material test (Laboratory) LS 1 5 Safety and environment control 5.1 Environmental Health and Safety: first aids kit, Information board, LS 1 Banners, Environmental GRM board, sufficient barriers, social distancing (to avoid COVID-19), sufficient safety equipment (including hard hat, safety vest, mask, glove, boot), etc. 5.2 Environmental Code of Conduct (ECoC) LS 1 5.3 PE water tank 200 liter with tap, Alum or PAC (Poly aluminum LS 1 chloride powder) and Water analysis (included transport to lab) 5.4 Geo-textile (Woven) m2 848

4.2.5. Dambouk Rung Community Pond, Dambouk Rung Sub-project

157. Description of the site: Dambouk Rung community pond is located about 546 meters from the centre of Dambouk Rung village, Dambouk Rung commune, Phnom Chrouch district, Kampong Speu province. The distance of this community pond is approximately 50 km from Kampong Speu capital and about 15 km from Talat market where construction materials are available in this market. The proposed community pond can be approached via laterite village road is 1.344 km from the Southern part and approximately 11 km from national road No.4.

158. The proposed community pond for the rehabilitation is located on the community land and does not impact to private lands and public infrastructure within the commune.

159. The environmental screening confirms that no protected areas and sensitive areas such as wetlands, ecological important sites and cultural or historical sites are located within the location of the proposed community pond for the rehabilitation. The existing community pond is small so that it needs to be expanded for pond improvement. However, there are no impacts to biodiversity, public properties, and privately owned lands (See figure 6).

54

Figure 6: Existing Community Pond Proposed for Rehabilitation in Dambouk Rung Village

160. Land Use Type: Dambouk Rung Community pond proposed for the rehabilitation is overlapping with existing community pond which is surrounded by rain- fed rice fields to the east, degraded forest to west and plantations to north and south. There are residential areas in the South and North scattering along the laterite road.

161. Vegetation: There are no big trees or natural habitats that might be impacted by the project. There are only common species of flora encountered nearby the existing community pond.

162. Surface Water: There are no permanent water bodies within the proposed site. However, there are more than 10 small and large existing man-made ponds found around the village and one small stream is about 1.225 km from the proposed community pond. However, this small stream always runs dry during the dry season.

163. Receptors and Access. The centre of the village is approximately 546 meters to the south of the proposed rehabilitation pond. The site is easily access crossing the village via a laterite village road to the Eastern edge of the pond. Within the local area surrounding the access road is largely unpopulated except for the houses in the main village area.

164. During the construction, the vehicles movement and equipment will be transported to the site via the existing 15 km laterite road. There is no impact on private land, or any existing structures belong to private individuals. This has been confirmed by the local authorities and community representatives during the consultation 55

meetings conducted on 19 January 2021.

165. The construction of the community pond will take two to three months during the dry season. The pond will be resized to 57 meters by 46 meters equating to a total area of 2,622 square meters and 6 meters in depth. The size of the commune land is larger than the area needed for the community pond rehabilitation, so the corridor of impact including the rainfall catchment area stays within the commune land area (See figure 6 above). Table 23 shows the summary Scope of Work for the community pond in Dambouk Rung village.

Table 74: Summary Scope of Work for the rehabilitation of the proposed Community Pond in Dambouk Rung Village

No. Description of Work Unit Qty

1 General Item 1.1 Transportation of equipment to and/or from construction site with ton 40 good road in 15 km-dist. 1.2 Mobilization of Contractor's staff and labor to site LS 1 1.3 Site Camp, toilet preparation with electric and water supply LS 1 1.4 Site cleaning after completed work LS 1

2 Earthworks 2.1 Soil Excavated from borrow Pit m3 3988.59 2.2 Soils to build embankment and slope with compaction m3 1039.50 2.3 Soils remaining for building a road to the pond or fill lowland of m3 2949.09 villager's settlement

3 Construction of the Water treatment plant 3.1 Reinforced Concrete grade 25 Mpa m3 16.03 3.2 Steel bar D10 mm (ASTM) kg 1138 3.3 Sand media, Stone riprap, Gravel, filter & compacted rock& labor m3 32.09 3.4 Pipe, screen and fitting, Water cut-off valve float, pump house& LS - drown protection 3.5 GI sheet and frame & wire mesh (3mm) m2 21 3.6 Brick wall 10 cm and plastering (1:4) m2 3.5 3.7 Electric Cut-off float and wire protection set 1 3.8 Solar Pump, Fitting, and Panel Set 1 3.9 Supply and install HDPE Corrugated Sewer m 5 4 Miscellaneous 4.1 Temporary Benchmarks (TBM) no. 1 4.2 Project Sign Board no. 1 4.3 Traffic sign as required on approaches to Road embankment no. 3 (Provisional Qty.) 4.4 Quality material test (Laboratory) LS 1 5 Safety and environment control

56

No. Description of Work Unit Qty

5.1 Environmental Health and Safety: first aids kit, Information board, LS 1 Banners, Environmental GRM board, sufficient barriers, social distancing (to avoid COVID-19), sufficient safety equipment (including hard hat, safety vest, mask, glove, boot), etc. 5.2 Environmental Code of Conduct (ECoC) LS 1 5.3 PE water tank 200 liter with tap, Alum or PAC (Poly aluminum LS 1 chloride powder) and Water analysis (included transport to lab) 5.4 Geo-textile (Woven) m2 848

4.2.6. Domnak Trach Community Pond, Dambouk Rung Sub-project

166. Description of the site: Domnak Trach community pond is in Domnak Trach village, Dambouk Rung commune, Phnom Srouch district, Kampong Speu province. The distance is 4.53 km from of this community pond to Talat market, where construction materials are available. The proposed community pond is easy to access via earth road, approximately 448 meters to a main village road and about 707 meters distance from the centre of the village.

167. The existing community pond will be expanded up to 4,940 square meters (75 meters length, 65 meters width and 6 meters depth). The proposed pond is located within the commune’s public land which is a flat terrain. It is not flooded during the wet season because its location is far from a stream in the South about 1.37 km. However, the proposed pond receives water from the rains and the small stream in the wet season.

168. The environmental screening confirms that there are no big trees or forest and cultural/historical protected areas. The proposed community pond is surrounded by fruit-plantations and rain-fed rice fields. The expansion and deepening of the existing community pond will not impact to environment and local communities around the village because the existing pond is far from the settlements and there are no significant areas for biodiversity and ecological concerns (See figure 7).

57

Figure 7: Existing Community Pond Proposed for Rehabilitation in Domnak Trach Village

169. Land Use Type: Domnak Trach Community pond is a large existing pond surrounded by rain-fed rice fields and plantations and the residential areas is in the east along the laterite road and remaining shrubs to further north about 1.795 km distance from the proposed community pond.

170. Vegetation: There are no forested areas and natural habitats located close to the project site. There are only fruit trees occurs around the proposed community pond.

171. Surface Water: There are several man-made ponds found around this village, but all the ponds were reportedly dry in the dry season especially when there have been long periods of draught. There is a small stream which is located 1.137 km from the proposed pond. This stream can serve as a water resource to recharge the pond during the rainy season.

172. Receptors and Access. The centre of the village is approximately 0.7 km to the North of the proposed rehabilitation pond. The site can be accessed by earth roads which are 448 meters from the village-laterite road connecting to national road No.4 with 5.237 km.

173. During the construction, the vehicles movement and equipment will be transported to the site via the village-laterite road and earth road to approach the proposed site which is totally 4.531 km in length. There is no impact on private land, or any existing structures belong to private individuals. This has been confirmed by the local authorities and community representatives during the consultation meetings that 58

was conducted on 19 January 2021 at Domnak Trach village.

174. The construction of the community pond will take two to three months during the dry season. The pond will be resized to 76 meters by 65 meters equating to a total area of 4,940 square meters and 6 meters in depth. The size of the commune land is larger than the area needed for the community pond rehabilitation, so the corridor of impact including the rainfall catchment area stays within the commune land area (See figure 7 above).

175. Table 24 shows the summary Scope of Work for the rehabilitation of the proposed community pond in Domnak Trach village.

Table 75: Summary Scope of Work for the Community Pond in Domnak Trach village

No. Description of Work Unit Qty

1 General Item 1.1 Transportation of equipment to and/or from construction site with ton 40 good road in 4.531 km-dist. 1.2 Mobilization of Contractor's staff and labor to site LS 1 1.3 Site Camp, toilet preparation with electric and water supply LS 1 1.4 Site cleaning after completed work LS 1

2 Earthworks 2.1 Soil Excavated from borrow Pit m3 4434.46 2.2 Soils to build embankment and slope with compaction m3 1144.50 2.3 Soils remaining for building a road to the pond or fill lowland of m3 3289.96 villager's settlement

3 Construction of the Water treatment plant 3.1 m3 16.03 Reinforced Concrete grade 25 Mpa (Megapascal) 3.2 Steel bar D10 mm (ASTM/ American Society for Testing of Materials) kg 1138 3.3 Sand media, Stone riprap, Gravel, filter & compacted rock& labor m3 32.09 3.4 Pipe, screen and fitting, Water cut-off valve float, pump house& LS - drown protection 3.5 GI sheet and frame & wire mesh (3mm) m2 21 3.6 Brick wall 10 cm and plastering (1:4) m2 3.5 3.7 Electric Cut-off float and wire protection set 1 3.8 Solar Pump, Fitting, and Panel Set 1 3.9 Supply and install HDPE Corrugated Sewer m 5 4 Miscellaneous 4.1 Temporary Benchmarks (TBM) no. 1 4.2 Project Sign Board no. 1 4.3 Traffic sign as required on approaches to Road embankment no. 3 (Provisional Qty.) 4.4 Quality material test (Laboratory) LS 1

59

No. Description of Work Unit Qty

5 Safety and environment control 5.1 Environmental Health and Safety: first aids kit, Information board, LS 1 Banners, Environmental GRM board, sufficient barriers, social distancing (to avoid COVID-19), sufficient safety equipment (including hard hat, safety vest, mask, glove, boot), etc. 5.2 Environmental Code of Conduct (ECoC) LS 1 5.3 PE water tank 200 liter with tap, Alum or PAC (Poly aluminum LS 1 chloride powder) and Water analysis (included transport to lab) 5.4 Geo-textile (Woven) m2 848

4.2.7. Meanchey Community Pond, Dambouk Rung Sub-project

176. Description of the site: Meanchey community pond is in almost the central of Meanchey village, Dambouk Rung commune, Phnom Srouch district, Kampong Speu province. The distance of this community pond is approximately 9.5 km from Talat market where the construction materials are available to be procured for the community pond rehabilitation. It is easy to access to the proposed community pond via a 5.676 km long of the village laterite road connecting a paved road toward national road No.4. This proposed pond is closed to housing areas and about 675 meters from a public school.

177. The proposed community pond for the rehabilitation is located within the commune’s public land which is a flat terrain receiving water from the rains only during the wet season and from surrounding catchments. This proposed community pond is surrounded by individual fruit trees and houses. But they will be not impacted due to the distance being far enough from the structures and activities.

178. The environmental screening confirms that there are a few individuals of fruit trees but no forest, protected areas, and cultural/historical areas. The size of existing community pond is big therefore no need to be expanded beyond the existing one but deepening is required (see figure 8).

179. Land Use Type: Meanchey Community pond is surrounded by cultivation areas and individuals of fruit trees and further residential areas.

180. Vegetation: There are no forest or natural habitats in the proposed area. Only fruit trees and fast growth plants identified at the existing community pond including mangrove trees.

181. Surface Water: There are no permanent water bodies within the proposed site. Further to the north-west, there is a canal located about 552 meters and a small stream is about 805 meters from the proposed pond.

182. Receptors and Access. The proposed pond is in the centre of the village but at least 100 meters from the people houses. The site is easily access crossing the village via a laterite village road to the southern edge of the pond. During the construction, the vehicles movement and equipment will be transported to the site via the existing laterite road. There is no impact on private land, or any

60

existing structures belong to private individuals. This has been confirmed by the local authorities and community representatives during the consultation meetings conducted on 19 January 2021.

Figure 8: Existing Community Pond Proposed for Rehabilitation and Environmental Context of Mean Chey Village

183. The construction of the community pond will take two to three months during the dry season. The pond will be resized to 93 meters by 75 meters equating to a total area of 6,975 square meters and 6 meters in depth. The size of the commune land is larger than the area needed for the community pond rehabilitation, so the corridor of impact including the rainfall catchment area stays within the commune land area (See figure 8 above).

184. Table 25 shows the summary Scope of Work for the rehabilitation of the proposed community pond in Meanchey village.

Table 76: Summary Scope of Work for the Community Pond in Meanchey village

No. Description of Work Unit Qty

1 General Item 1.1 Transportation of equipment to and/or from construction site with ton 40 good road in 9.430 km-dist. 1.2 Mobilization of Contractor's staff and labor to site LS 1 1.3 Site Camp, toilet preparation with electric and water supply LS 1 1.4 Site cleaning after completed work LS 1

61

No. Description of Work Unit Qty

2 Earthworks 2.1 Soil Excavated from borrow Pit m3 5540.71 2.2 Soils to build embankment and slope with compaction m3 1092.00 2.3 Soils remaining for building a road to the pond or fill lowland of m3 4448.71.00 villager's settlement

3 Construction of the Water treatment plant 3.1 Reinforced Concrete grade 25 Mpa m3 16.03 3.2 Steel bar D10 mm (ASTM) kg 1138 3.3 Sand media, Stone riprap, Gravel, filter & compacted rock& labor m3 32.09 3.4 Pipe, screen and fitting, Water cut-off valve float, pump house& LS - drown protection 3.5 GI sheet and frame & wire mesh (3mm) m2 21 3.6 Brick wall 10 cm and plastering (1:4) m2 3.5 3.7 Electric Cut-off float and wire protection set 1 3.8 Solar Pump, Fitting, and Panel Set 1 3.9 Supply and install HDPE Corrugated Sewer m 5 4 Miscellaneous 4.1 Temporary Benchmarks (TBM) no. 1 4.2 Project Sign Board no. 1 4.3 Traffic sign as required on approaches to Road embankment no. 3 (Provisional Qty.) 4.4 Quality material test (Laboratory) LS 1 5 Safety and environment control 5.1 Environmental Health and Safety: first aids kit, Information board, LS 1 Banners, Environmental GRM board, sufficient barriers, social distancing (to avoid COVID-19), sufficient safety equipment (including hard hat, safety vest, mask, glove, boots), etc. 5.2 Environmental Code of Conduct (ECoC) LS 1 5.3 PE water tank 200 liter with tap, Alum or PAC (Poly aluminum LS 1 chloride powder) and Water analysis (included transport to lab) 5.4 Geo-textile (Woven) m2 848

4.3. Drilled Well Design and Construction

185. Design of the drilled well has been developed through the public consultation and community participatory approaches and based on the conceptual design standard that has approved by MRD (see drawings in Annex 2). The selection criteria for drilled well locations have been established which is priority for water demand of the local communities, the areas with water shortage and scarce of surface water and agreement on water use sharing between 15 to 25 households per drilled well.

186. Drilled Well Construction Method: there are two types of drilling method used in

62

Cambodia to drill water wells are: 1) Rotary air drilling: The rotary air method is used to drill boreholes in consolidated or semi-hard formations such as sandstone or shales that are self-supporting. The drilling process is cleared by circulating air, which is derived from a compressor and fed down the drill pipe to emerge through a bit; 2) Rotary mud drilling: Rotary mud drilling uses drilling mud (mixes of water, bentonite clays, polymers, and additives) as the circulation medium. In the rotary mud system, drilling fluid or mud is pumped down through the drill pipe and out through nozzles in the bit. • Casing is a large diameter pipe that is assembled and inserted into a recently drilled section of a borehole. Like the bones of a spine protecting the spinal cord, casing is set inside the drilled borehole to protect and support the well stream. • Screening is a filtering device (PVC filter pipe is commonly used in Cambodia) that serves as the intake portion of wells constructed in unconsolidated or semi- consolidated aquifers. The screen permits water to enter the well from the saturated aquifer, prevents sediment from entering the well, and serves structurally to support the aquifer material. • Well Development is an act of cleaning out the clay and silt introduced during the drilling process as well as the finer part of the aquifer directly around the well screen prior to putting the well into service. The Development should continue until the discharge water is clear and all fine material from the well and adjacent aquifer have been removed. • Water Quality Tests: There are two types of water quality test were carried out for a drill well: 1) Preliminary water quality test is a water quality test carried out at the drilling site by using water quality test kit, it tests only few important parameters such as As, Fe, Mg, pH, CaCO3, Mn, etc.; and 2) detail water quality test is carried out at laboratory with 18 parameters including turbidity, chemical substants and bacteria.

5. BASELINE ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS 187. Cambodia is characterized by a tropical monsoonal climate resulting in two distinct seasons, dry and rainy seasons. The rainy season starts from May and continues until October or early November and dry season starts from November to April. The average annually temperature ranges from 27°C to 35°C in the rainy season and from 17°C to 27°C in the dry season. The hottest temperature is 29°C to 38°C which occurs from March to May and the coldest is 17°C in January.

188. The rainy season arrives with the summer monsoon bringing the heaviest rainfalls to the southeast and northwest of Cambodia. Average annual rainfall is 1,400 mm in the central lowland regions and may reach 4,000 mm in certain coastal zones and highland areas (see Figure 9 below).

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Figure 9: Rainfall Patterns in Cambodia (Source: MOE, 2019)

189. Based on this figure, the rainfall distribution, and average rainfalls of the region V to region VIII are higher than in the region I to region V. The region VII and VIII is covered by mountains and plateaus with abundant pristine forests that may cause the regions to receive average rainfalls higher than other regions in the entire country. 190. Current climate and climate change projections for all 17 sub-projects is summarized and presented in Appendix 8. This data was compiled using the MarkSim online Global Climate Change Model http://gisweb.ciat.cgiar.org/MarkSimGCM/. The major issue, to varying degrees in each location, is the increased number of dry days that goes together with an overall increase in rainfall emanating from the increased intensity of rainfall events. Additionally, it is expected that the hot months will see increased temperatures, and the cold months will become a little colder; in some cases, the hottest / coldest month may shift. To mitigate and manage this, and hence 'climate-proof' the interventions, the project has incorporated this data into location selections and design of facilities.

6. ENVIRONMENTAL SCREENING AND CATEGORIZATION 191. Environmental screening and categorization have been developed by project teams in compliance with ADB’s SPS (2009) and RGC’s requirement. Each location of the proposed community pond for the rehabilitation and waterpoint (dug/drilled well) for the construction have been revisited for environmental assessment and evaluation through commune and/or village-consultation meetings conducted at different locations and dates. Based on the results of screenings and consultation meetings, the classification of the 17 subprojects has been confirmed as Category C for the environment. The Rapid Environmental Assessment Checklist (REA checklist) of each village having proposed drilled well construction and community pond rehabilitation; minutes of the consultation meeting and photographs are provided as the samples in 64

Annex 3.

192. Ministry of Environment issued an official letter No. 341 S.CH.N. B.Sth dated 4th March 2021, confirming that there is no need to conduct an Environment Impact Assessment or Environmental Assessment by MOE (see official letter in Annex 3).

193. For Environmental Assessment, location of the water supply identification and demarcation, the project teams have conducted field surveys in combination with the village consultation meetings, interviews, transect walks and marking of the proposed community ponds and drilling well locations in all the target villages. Table 26 below presents dates, number of participants (males and females), number of proposed community ponds and drilled wells that have been checked and demarcated its boundaries and recorded their UTM locations.

Table 77: Summary of consultation meeting at all the villages of the 17 Sub-projects Number of Number of Proposed Water Activities Implemented participants Supply Facilities for Environmental Date (d/m/y) Locations/ Village (male/female) Assessment and Facility Ponds Wells Wells location Identification Total M F rehab new rehab 1. Banteay Meanchey Province 0 48 0 727 374 350 Percentage 51% 48% 1.1 Rohat Toek Commune 0 48 0 727 374 350 Consultation meeting, 16/12/20 Khtum Chrum 0 2 0 transect walks, marking & 33 13 20 boundary demarcation Consultation meeting, 16/12/20 Popideum village 0 5 0 transect walks, marking & 77 45 32 boundary demarcation Consultation meeting, 16/12/20 Thnal Bart 0 2 0 transect walks, marking & 30 22 8 boundary demarcation Consultation meeting, 17/12/20 Doun Moul 0 4 0 transect walks, marking & 52 31 21 boundary demarcation Consultation meeting, 17/12/20 Chork Keut 0 5 0 transect walks, marking & 77 42 35 boundary demarcation Consultation meeting, 17/12/20 Kra Mol 0 3 0 transect walks, marking & 48 15 30 boundary demarcation Consultation meeting, 18/12/20 Kor Svay 0 15 0 transect walks, marking & 230 114 116 boundary demarcation Consultation meeting, 18/12/20 Ou Chuob 0 4 0 transect walks, marking & 60 34 26 boundary demarcation Consultation meeting, 18/12/20 Prek Samraong 0 8 0 transect walks, marking & 120 58 62 boundary demarcation 2. Battamang Province 0 102 2 1707 736 971 100 Percentage 43% 57% % 2.1 Kampong Lpov Commune 0 84 2 1,429 617 812 Consultation meeting, 9/2/2021 Svay Chrum - 14 - transect walks, marking & 272 102 170 boundary demarcation Consultation meeting, 10/2/2021 Kampong Lpov - 9 - transect walks, marking & 105 40 65 boundary demarcation Consultation meeting, 11/2/2021 Stung Toch - 9 - transect walks, marking & 126 43 83 boundary demarcation Consultation meeting, 11/2/2021 Ou Daeum Chek - 7 - transect walks, marking & 158 58 100 boundary demarcation 21/1/21 Prey Thom 0 45 2 1) Consultation meeting 147 71 76 65

Number of Number of Proposed Water Activities Implemented participants Supply Facilities for Environmental Date (d/m/y) Locations/ Village (male/female) Assessment and Facility Ponds Wells Wells location Identification Total M F rehab new rehab 16/2/21 with local authorities, 152 75 77 16/2/21 community, and 155 87 68 17/2/21 beneficiaries 2) Conduct 158 69 89 transect walks to identify environmental issues and 17/2/21 natural habitats; and 156 72 84 demarcation 2.2 Ta Taok Commune 0 18 0 278 119 159

Consultation meeting, 25/2/21 O Kroch - 3 - transect walks, marking & 138 56 82 boundary demarcation Consultation meeting, 26/2/21 Phnom Riy - 15 - transect walks, marking & 140 63 77 boundary demarcation 3. Kampong Chhnang Province 0 130 22 1,111 715 396 Percentage 64% 36% 3.1. Chhean Laeung Comm. 0 35 18 456 299 157

Consultation meeting, 16-12-20 Royeas - 12 4 transect walks, marking & 42 27 15 boundary demarcation Consultation meeting, 18/12/20 Chrak Tnaot - 6 2 transect walks, marking & 56 38 18 boundary demarcation Consultation meeting, 2/2/2021 Traeng - 3 2 transect walks, marking & 61 48 13 boundary demarcation Consultation meeting, 4/2/2021 Trapeang Thma - 2 3 transect walks, marking & 47 31 16 boundary demarcation Consultation meeting, 5/2/2021 Srae Ruessei - 4 4 transect walks, marking & 53 38 15 boundary demarcation Consultation meeting, 9/2/2021 Krang Samraong - 3 3 transect walks, marking & 57 36 21 boundary demarcation Consultation meeting, 10/2/2021 Anlong Pring - 2 - transect walks, marking & 35 21 14 boundary demarcation Consultation meeting, 12/2/2021 Chuonh Chit - 3 - transect walks, marking & 46 24 22 boundary demarcation Consultation meeting, 14-02-21 Kiri Akphivoadth - - - transect walks, marking & 59 36 23 boundary demarcation 3.2. Krang Lvea Commune 0 95 4 655 416 239 Consultation meeting, 12/11/20 Ou Kakhob - 16 - transect walks, marking & 55 39 16 boundary demarcation Consultation meeting, 14/12/20 Chres - 11 - transect walks, marking & 58 36 22 boundary demarcation Consultation meeting, 01/04/21 Thnal - 5 2 transect walks, marking & 58 38 20 boundary demarcation Consultation meeting, 8/1/2021 KhnaTey Mouk - 4 - transect walks, marking & 51 35 16 boundary demarcation Consultation meeting, 11/1/2021 Tang Krong - 8 - transect walks, marking & 54 29 25 boundary demarcation Consultation meeting, 13/1/21 Thlok Roleung - 8 - transect walks, marking & 58 36 22 boundary demarcation Consultation meeting, Chumteav 15/1/21 - 11 - transect walks, marking & 51 29 22 Chraeng boundary demarcation Consultation meeting, 18/1/21 Tang Kruos Lech - 11 - 53 39 14 transect walks, marking &

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Number of Number of Proposed Water Activities Implemented participants Supply Facilities for Environmental Date (d/m/y) Locations/ Village (male/female) Assessment and Facility Ponds Wells Wells location Identification Total M F rehab new rehab boundary demarcation Consultation meeting, 20/1/21 Tang Kruos Kaeut - 10 2 transect walks, marking & 45 25 20 boundary demarcation Consultation meeting, 22/1/21 Sambok Kreal - 2 - transect walks, marking & 59 36 23 boundary demarcation Consultation meeting, 25/1/21 Khsach Sor - 5 - transect walks, marking & 61 37 24 boundary demarcation Consultation meeting, 29/02/21 Krang Lvea - 4 - transect walks, marking & 52 37 15 boundary demarcation 4. Kampot Province 1,34 1,12 2 165 0 2440 2 8 100 Percentage 55% 46% % 4. 1 Boeng Nimol Commune 0 20 0 300 151 149 Consultation meeting, 15/12/2020 Pou Doh - 4 - transect walks, marking & 60 33 27 boundary demarcation Consultation meeting, 21/12/2020 Prech - 7 - transect walks, marking & 105 52 53 boundary demarcation Consultation meeting, 24/12/2020 Srangae - 4 - transect walks, marking & 60 24 36 boundary demarcation Consultation meeting, 26/12/2020 Boeng - 5 - transect walks, marking & 75 42 33 boundary demarcation 4.2. Nea Reay Commune 0 65 0 960 465 495 Consultation meeting, 17/12/2020 - 19 - transect walks, marking & 285 140 145 boundary demarcation Consultation meeting, 24/12/2020 Pos Pong - 18 - transect walks, marking & 270 112 158 boundary demarcation Consultation meeting, 25/12/2020 PreySbov - 15 - transect walks, marking & 225 129 96 boundary demarcation Consultation meeting, 29/12/2020 Neareay - 13 - transect walks, marking & 180 84 96 boundary demarcation 4.3. Krang Snay Commune 2 80 0 1180 726 484 Consultation meeting, 17/12/2020 Krang Rolous - 13 - transect walks, marking & 195 139 56 boundary demarcation Consultation meeting, Damnak Trop 18/12/2020 - 11 - transect walks, marking & 165 90 75 Kheang Cheung boundary demarcation Consultation meeting, 21/12/2020 Ta Nann - 12 - transect walks, marking & 180 128 82 boundary demarcation Consultation meeting, 22/12/2020 Touch 1 15 - transect walks, marking & 205 132 73 boundary demarcation Consultation meeting, Domnak Top 23/12/2020 - 14 - transect walks, marking & 210 116 94 Kheang Tbong boundary demarcation Consultation meeting, 29/12/2020 Lve 1 15 - transect walks, marking & 225 121 104 boundary demarcation 5. Kampong Speu Province 3 22 5 369 169 204 100 Percentage 45% 55% % 5.1 Dambouk Rung Comm. 3 22 5 369 169 204 Consultation meeting, 18/1/21 Mean Serey - 1 - transect walks, marking & 17 9 8 boundary demarcation 18/1/21 Domnak Trach 1 - - Consultation meeting, 28 22 6 67

Number of Number of Proposed Water Activities Implemented participants Supply Facilities for Environmental Date (d/m/y) Locations/ Village (male/female) Assessment and Facility Ponds Wells Wells location Identification Total M F rehab new rehab transect walks, marking & boundary demarcation Consultation meeting, 18/1/21 Som Bour - 3 0 transect walks, marking & 29 15 14 boundary demarcation Consultation meeting, 19/1/21 Preah Khe - 4 1 transect walks, marking & 60 24 40 boundary demarcation Consultation meeting, 19/1/21 Dambouk Rung 1 2 1 transect walks, marking & 54 14 40 boundary demarcation Consultation meeting, 19/1/21 Mean Chey 1 - - transect walks, marking & 18 16 2 boundary demarcation Consultation meeting, 20/1/21 Ta Yong - 8 1 transect walks, marking & 100 43 57 boundary demarcation Consultation meeting, 20/1/21 Svay Thom - 4 1 transect walks, marking & 52 24 28 boundary demarcation Consultation meeting, 21/1/21 Peam Khvaov - - 1 transect walks, marking & 11 2 9 boundary demarcation 6. Kampong Thom Province 0 71 0 140 113 27 100 Percentage 81% 19% % 6.1 Choeung Doeung Commune 0 71 0 140 113 27 Consultation meeting, 7/12/2020 Pon Lei - 5 - transect walks, marking & 10 9 1 boundary demarcation Consultation meeting, 7/12/2020 Ponnray - 10 - transect walks, marking & 20 8 2 boundary demarcation Consultation meeting, 8/12/2020 Ta Orng - 7 - transect walks, marking & 14 11 3 boundary demarcation Consultation meeting, 8/12/2020 Porng Toeuk - 4 - transect walks, marking & 8 7 1 boundary demarcation Consultation meeting, 9/12/2020 Sampov Loun - 9 - transect walks, marking & 18 15 3 boundary demarcation Consultation meeting, 9/12/2020 Prey Dom - 11 - transect walks, marking & 20 15 5 boundary demarcation Consultation meeting, 10/12/2020 Boeung - 7 - transect walks, marking & 14 12 2 boundary demarcation Consultation meeting, 10/12/2020 Tradet - 4 - transect walks, marking & 8 7 1 boundary demarcation Consultation meeting, 11/12/2020 Chaeung Daeung - 7 - transect walks, marking & 14 7 7 boundary demarcation Consultation meeting, 11/12/2020 Pro Neak - 7 - transect walks, marking & 14 12 2 boundary demarcation 7. Preah Vihear Province 2 65 42 1241 812 419 100 Percentage 66% 34% % 7.1 Chrach Commune 1 30 15 526 386 140 Commu Consultation meeting, ne transect walks, marking & 21 20 1 Meeting boundary demarcation Consultation meeting, 22/1/21 Chrach 1 transect walks, marking & 123 62 61 boundary demarcation Consultation meeting, 0 3 3 transect walks, marking & 63 55 8 boundary demarcation 68

Number of Number of Proposed Water Activities Implemented participants Supply Facilities for Environmental Date (d/m/y) Locations/ Village (male/female) Assessment and Facility Ponds Wells Wells location Identification Total M F rehab new rehab Consultation meeting, 22/01/21 Cham Raeun 0 4 4 transect walks, marking & 34 32 2 boundary demarcation Consultation meeting, 22/01/21 Phlaoch 0 8 1 transect walks, marking & 48 22 26 boundary demarcation Consultation meeting, 22/01/21 Pakdevat 0 4 4 transect walks, marking & 65 47 18 boundary demarcation Consultation meeting, 22/01/21 Pramol Phdom 0 8 2 transect walks, marking & 121 113 8 boundary demarcation Consultation meeting, 22-01-21 Damnak Trach 0 3 1 transect walks, marking & 51 35 16 boundary demarcation 7.2 Tasu Commune 0 12 10 321 226 95 Consultation meeting, 21/01/21 Commune Meeting 0 transect walks, marking & 14 12 2 boundary demarcation Consultation meeting, 21/01/21 Thmei 0 0 2 transect walks, marking & 60 13 47 boundary demarcation Consultation meeting, 21/01/21 Tasu 0 1 2 transect walks, marking & 45 31 14 boundary demarcation Consultation meeting, 21/01/21 Samraong 0 2 2 transect walks, marking & 121 102 19 boundary demarcation Consultation meeting, 21/01/21 Tuol Thnong 0 2 0 transect walks, marking & 28 24 4 boundary demarcation Consultation meeting, 21/01/21 Tuol Chhouk 0 6 3 transect walks, marking & 28 24 4 boundary demarcation Consultation meeting, 21/01/21 O' Sniet 0 1 1 transect walks, marking & 25 20 5 boundary demarcation 7.3 Putrea Commune 1 23 17 394 200 184 Consultation meeting, 23/01/21 Commune Office transect walks, marking & 17 12 5 boundary demarcation Consultation meeting, 23/01/21 Kompong Putrea 0 6 7 transect walks, marking & 102 54 48 boundary demarcation Consultation meeting, 23/01/21 Poeurk 1 6 8 transect walks, marking & 102 49 53 boundary demarcation Consultation meeting, Veal Bor 0 6 0 transect walks, marking & 95 45 40 boundary demarcation Consultation meeting, 23/01/21 Krovann 0 5 2 transect walks, marking & 78 40 38 boundary demarcation 8. Pursat Province 0 96 0 1024 623 401 Percentage 61% 39% 8.1 Bak Chenhchien Commune 0 33 0 339 215 124 Consultation meeting, 17/12/20 Bak Chanh Chien - 5 - transect walks, marking & 60 45 15 boundary demarcation Consultation meeting, 17/12/20 Chan Serey - 1 - transect walks, marking & 9 5 4 boundary demarcation Consultation meeting, 17/12/20 Tuol Pongror - 5 - transect walks, marking & 44 26 18 boundary demarcation Consultation meeting, 17/12/20 Sre Chong - 3 - transect walks, marking & 30 17 13 boundary demarcation Consultation meeting, 18/12/20 O Rumchang - 3 - 30 15 15 transect walks, marking & 69

Number of Number of Proposed Water Activities Implemented participants Supply Facilities for Environmental Date (d/m/y) Locations/ Village (male/female) Assessment and Facility Ponds Wells Wells location Identification Total M F rehab new rehab boundary demarcation Consultation meeting, 18/12/20 Krabaov Chrum - 4 - transect walks, marking & 38 25 13 boundary demarcation Consultation meeting, 18/12/21 O Russey - 6 - transect walks, marking & 59 39 20 boundary demarcation Consultation meeting, 18/12/20 Kampong Khtum - 2 - transect walks, marking & 23 13 10 boundary demarcation Consultation meeting, 22/12/20 Domnak Ampil - 4 - transect walks, marking & 46 30 16 boundary demarcation 8.2 Prongil Commune 0 63 0 685 408 277 Consultation meeting, 21/12/20 O Srav - 10 - transect walks, marking & 107 59 48 boundary demarcation Consultation meeting, 22/12/20 Say - 14 - transect walks, marking & 173 116 57 boundary demarcation Consultation meeting, 22/12/20 Kampeng - 8 - transect walks, marking & 97 57 40 boundary demarcation Consultation meeting, 22/12/20 Prongil - 11 - transect walks, marking & 124 72 52 boundary demarcation Consultation meeting, 22/12/20 O Baktra - 12 - transect walks, marking & 121 59 62 boundary demarcation Consultation meeting, 23/12/20 Samraong Yea - 5 - transect walks, marking & 34 23 11 boundary demarcation Consultation meeting, 24/12/20 Svay Pak - 3 - transect walks, marking & 29 22 7 boundary demarcation 9. Siem Reap Province 0 140 0 777 426 351 Percentage 55% 45% 9.1.Pongro Leu Commune 0 64 0 613 337 276 Consultation meeting, 17/12/20 Trapeang Phluoh - 5 - transect walks, marking & 52 24 28 boundary demarcation Consultation meeting, 17/12/20 Chek - 8 - transect walks, marking & 96 50 46 boundary demarcation Consultation meeting, 17/12/20 Kreang - 5 - transect walks, marking & 44 23 21 boundary demarcation Consultation meeting, 18-12-20 Kumrou - 3 - transect walks, marking & 24 11 13 boundary demarcation Consultation meeting, 18-12-20 Svay Chek - 7 - transect walks, marking & 56 32 24 boundary demarcation Consultation meeting, 18-12-20 Dob Thnaot - 5 - transect walks, marking & 59 40 19 boundary demarcation Consultation meeting, 21-12-20 Kbal Damrey - 16 - transect walks, marking & 128 84 44 boundary demarcation Consultation meeting, 21-12-20 Sralau Sraong - 2 - transect walks, marking & 70 33 37 boundary demarcation Consultation meeting, 21-12-20 Prey Chhkar - 9 - transect walks, marking & 70 33 37 boundary demarcation Consultation meeting, 21-12-20 Loh'okk - 4 - transect walks, marking & 38 18 20 boundary demarcation 9. 2. Ruessei Lork Commune 0 76 0 164 89 75 14-12-20 Spean Toch - 6 - Consultation meeting, 49 23 26 70

Number of Number of Proposed Water Activities Implemented participants Supply Facilities for Environmental Date (d/m/y) Locations/ Village (male/female) Assessment and Facility Ponds Wells Wells location Identification Total M F rehab new rehab transect walks, marking & boundary demarcation Consultation meeting, 14-12-20 Yeang - 6 - transect walks, marking & 52 23 29 boundary demarcation Consultation meeting, 14-12-20 Ruessey Lork - 11 - transect walks, marking & 105 64 41 boundary demarcation Consultation meeting, Samraong 15-12-20 - 6 - transect walks, marking & 69 38 31 Kanhchaoch boundary demarcation Consultation meeting, 15-12-20 Krouch - 7 - transect walks, marking & 43 27 16 boundary demarcation Consultation meeting, 15-12-20 Trapeng Run - 6 - transect walks, marking & 52 24 28 boundary demarcation Consultation meeting, 16-12-20 Boeng - 18 - transect walks, marking & 181 100 81 boundary demarcation Consultation meeting, 16-12-20 Totueng Thngai - 16 - transect walks, marking & 171 88 83 boundary demarcation

6.1. Environmental Assessment of the Proposed Community Ponds

194. Each proposed community pond has been investigated and assessed to identify status of biodiversity, environmental conditions and to demarcate the proposed boundaries of the community pond. The table 27 below is summary of the results of the environmental assessment, conclusion and recommendations abstracted from REA checklists and minutes of the consultation meetings at individual pond site. All the proposed community ponds have been screened for the environment with use of REA checklist. One of the REA checklists of the proposed community pond and minutes of the consultation meetings are attached in this report as seen in Annex 3 and 5, respectively. In summary, there are no ecologically significant areas and cultural/historical areas in or around any of the 7 proposed sites.

Table 78: Summary of the Results of REA Checklist for the Proposed Community Ponds Proposed Commune Date of C. Pond/ C. Pond Land/ Results of Environmental Conclusions and Assessment Village Size Public Screening Recommendations (d/m/y) Names (LxWxD Land (ha) (m)) 1. Krang Snay Commune in Kampot Province No ecologic significant areas The proposed and cultural/historical areas community pond for are in or around the proposed rehabilitation might site. The proposed site is in be minor or not lowlands which have adverse impact for preserved for public uses. It environment. It is 22/12/20 Touch 70x50x6 1 is not far from the people classified as houses around with individual Category C for of fruit-trees. However, there environment. This are no environment concerns proposed pond for environment because this surrounded by rice proposed site is in remote fields and not so far 71

Proposed Commune Date of C. Pond/ C. Pond Land/ Results of Environmental Conclusions and Assessment Village Size Public Screening Recommendations (d/m/y) Names (LxWxD Land (ha) (m)) areas and the land is distance from water belonged to the community. reservoir upper The community land is larger stream. The than the proposed site of the proposed pond community pond for the might be risks with rehabilitation. flooding and overflows of agricultural areas. So, high dykes/damps will be constructed around the pond. The location is good for villagers to access the water and no impact to There are no sensitive private owned ecological areas and no big property and 29/12/20 Lve 100x50x6 1 trees in the proposed area for agricultural lands. community pond There is no concerns rehabilitation. on flash flood even the proposed pond is located in a flat terrain. 2. Chrach Commune in Preah Vihear Province There are no sensitive ecological areas and no big trees in the proposed area for community pond The construction of rehabilitation. Proposed proposed community community pond is located in pond can be the lowland area covered undertaken at site with grasses and low-level where is not water which was useless by damaged to big water resources for villager trees on the land. surrounding. in the past the The design engineer villagers use this water and contractor 22/12/20 Chrach 60x40x6 1 source from this pond for should pay attention support drinking and on meteorological agriculture however the water and climate risk. in the pond did not adequate High dykes/damps to people needed for daily life will be constructed to due to the size of the pond protect the pond were too small due to the from the flooding shallow height. the land of and agricultural run- the pond is the community off. pond and did not has big forest tree or agriculture tree at all. There are no sensitive The construction of ecological areas and no big proposed community trees in the proposed area for pond can be community pond undertaken at site rehabilitation. Proposed where is not community pond is located in damaged to big the lowland area covered trees on the land. 22/12/20 Peurk 70x50x6 1 with grasses and low-level The design engineer water which was useless by and contractor water resources for villager should pay attention surrounding. in the past the on meteorological villagers use this water and climate risk. source from this pond for High dykes/damps support drinking and will be constructed to 72

Proposed Commune Date of C. Pond/ C. Pond Land/ Results of Environmental Conclusions and Assessment Village Size Public Screening Recommendations (d/m/y) Names (LxWxD Land (ha) (m)) agriculture however the water protect the pond in the pond did not adequate from the flooding to people needed for daily life and agricultural run- due to the size of the pond off. were too small due to the shallow height. the land of the pond is the community pond and did not has big forest tree or agriculture tree at all. 3. Dambouk Rung Commune in Kampong Speu Province There are no sensitive ecological areas and no big For community pond trees in the proposed area for improvement, local community pond people and rehabilitation. The existing authorities are glad pond covers an area of to support the Dambouk 1,200m2 (40m long x30m project and they are 19/01/21 55x30x6 1 Rung width) that it will be expanded actively participated up to 1,650 m2 (55 meters in the consultation length and 30 meters width meeting and and 6 meters depth). demarcation of the However, there will not community pond's impact on environment or boundaries. privately own property. For community pond There are no protected areas improvement, local and cultural areas. The people and existing pond covers an area authorities are glad of 2,760 m2 (60m x46m). to support the Domnak This pond will be expanded project and they are 19/01/21 50x45x6 1 Trach up to 50 meters length and actively participated 45 meters width and 6 meters in the consultation depth. However, there will not meeting and impact on environment or demarcation of the privately own property. community pond's boundaries. No protected areas and cultural areas occurred in the Local people as well proposed site. Existing pond as local authorities covers an area of 3500 m2 are happy with the (70m x50m) that it will be proposed community expanded up to 1,925 m2 pond to be 19/01/21 Meanchey 55x35x6 1 (55mx35m) with 6 meters renovated and they depth. However, the have agreed with expansion will not impact on proposed location of environment or privately own the proposed property or public community pond. infrastructures in the village. Notice: C.: Community; L: length; W: width; D: depth;

6.2. Environmental Assessment of the Drilled Wells

195. All locations of the proposed drilled wells have been revisited by the project teams in December 2020 to January 2021. During the visits, environmental assessments have been conducted by using REA checklists developed for environmental screening at village level in combination with the table on summary of the screening results, minutes of the consultation meetings, summary of the 73

consultation meetings and fieldworks to demarcating the specific point of each drilled well location. Summary of the environmental screening results and demarcation of drilled wells are presented in the tables below. Examples of the REA checklists for drilled wells are in Annex 3.1, and the photographs of the participatory demarcation of the drilled/dug well locations are in Annex 3.4.

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6.2.1. Banteay Meanchey Province

196. Table below provides Summary of Environmental Screening and Demarcation of total 48 Drilled Wells in Rohat Taek Sub-project, Chey Sen District.

Table 79: Summary of Environmental Screening and Demarcation of total 48 Drilled Wells in Rohat Taek Sub-project, Chey Sen District UTM Location of Date of Environmental Assessment Village Name Drilled Well Assessment Conclusions/Recommendations E N No concerns on environment impact and 28227 1493034 good location for drilled well installation No concerns on environment impact and 282290 1493181 good location for drilled well installation No concerns on environment impact and Phum 282367 1492707 16/12/20 good location for drilled well installation Popideum Not impact for environment and good 282260 1492802 location for drilled well construction It’s located in lowland area needs to be 282171 1492202 filled land about 40-50 cm, but the location is good for drilled well installation No concerns on environment impact and 281596 1491078 good location for drilled well installation because it is public land (Pagoda). 16/12/20 Thnal Bart No concerns on environment impact and 280776 1490697 good location for drilled well installation because it is public land (commune hall). Not impact for environment and good 281054 1491204 location for drilled well construction. Not impact for environment and good 17/12/20 Kra Mol 281200 1491145 location for drilled well construction. Not impact for environment and good 280755 1491211 location for drilled well construction. No concerns on environment impact and good location for drilled well installation 280140 1489598 because it is public land (Chak primary school). Not impact for environment and good 279928 1489476 17/12/20 Doun Mol location for drilled well construction. Not impact for environment and good 279032 1489418 location for drilled well construction. Not impact for environment and good 280105 1489665 location for drilled well construction. Not impact for environment and good 279371 1488818 location for drilled well construction but need to cut a few plants (Sa Orm plant). Not impact for environment and good Preaek 278905 1488336 18/12/20 location for drilled well construction. Samrong Not impact for environment and good 279011 1488608 location for drilled well construction. Not impact for environment and good 279768 1489066 location for drilled well construction.

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UTM Location of Date of Environmental Assessment Village Name Drilled Well Assessment Conclusions/Recommendations E N Well location needs to be filled land about 279091 1489035 50-60 cm, but the location is good for drilled well installation Well location needs to be filled land about 278853 1489075 30-40 cm, but the location is good for drilled well installation Not impact for environment and good 279852 1489293 location for drilled well construction. Not impact for environment and good 279231 1481529 location for drilled well construction. Not impact for environment and good 280388 1489926 location for drilled well construction. 17/12/20 Khtum Chrum Not impact for environment and good 280766 1490388 location for drilled well construction. Not impact for environment and good 281142 1486957 location for drilled well construction. Not impact for environment and good 281638 1486836 location for drilled well construction. 18/12/20 Ou Chuob Not impact for environment and good 281285 1486736 location for drilled well construction. Not impact for environment and good 281402 1486999 location for drilled well construction. Not impact for environment and good 282567 1485618 location for drilled well construction. Not impact for environment and good 281828 1485179 location for drilled well construction. Well location needs to be filled land about 281351 1484963 40-50 cm but the location is good for drilled well installation Not impact for environment and good 281410 1485057 location for drilled well construction. Not impact for environment and good 282172 1485057 location for drilled well construction. Not impact for environment and good 282853 1485758 location for drilled well construction. Not impact for environment and good 282409 1485559 location for drilled well construction. 16/12/20 Ka Svay Well location needs to be filled land about 281300 1484732 30-40 cm, but the location is good for drilled well installation Not impact for environment and good 282940 1485839 location for drilled well construction. Not impact for environment and good 281730 1485087 location for drilled well construction. Not impact for environment and good 282308 1485527 location for drilled well construction. Not impact for environment and good 281323 1484838 location for drilled well construction. Not impact for environment and good 282128 1485412 location for drilled well construction. Not impact for environment and good 281587 1485131 location for drilled well construction.

76

UTM Location of Date of Environmental Assessment Village Name Drilled Well Assessment Conclusions/Recommendations E N Not impact for environment and good 282659 1485661 location for drilled well construction. Not impact for environment and good 279367 1489986 location for drilled well construction. Not impact for environment and good 279420 1490220 location for drilled well construction. Well location needs to be filled land about 279371 1489547 40-50 cm, but the location is good for 17/12/20 Chak Keut drilled well installation Not impact for environment and good 279501 1490404 location for drilled well construction. Well location needs to be filled land about 279826 1489671 90-100 cm but the location is good for drilled well installation.

6.2.2. Battambang Province

197. Table below provides Summary of Environmental Screening and Demarcation of total 102 Drilled Wells in Two Sub-projects in Battambang Province.

Table 80: Summary of Environmental Screening and Demarcation of total 102 Drilled Wells in Two Sub-projects in Battambang Province UTM Location of Date of Village Name Drilled Well Results of Screening and Conclusions Assessment N E 2.1 Ta Taok Sub-project The site is good for installation of a drilled 265438 1384045 well due to no concerns on environmental impact. No trees and other concerns on 15/12/2020 O Krauch 263679 1384190 environment. The best location is to be constructed a new drilled well. No impact to environment and community 265090 1387282 in reverse it is greatly benefited to local residents Located in flat terrain that need to fill up to 0.5 meters in height. This location is good 255450 1384036 for drilled well installation but must remove a few domestic trees including banana and mangrove tree. Not impact for environment and good 260706 1384313 location for drilled well construction No environmental issues and social 16/12/2020 Phnom Riy 255223 1338115 concerns might be occurred due to the proposal. It is flat need to be filled the surrounding 256260 1382115 but good for drilled well installation The location proposed for construction of drilled wells is not impacted to trees or 259863 1384593 private/public infrastructures in the village. It will more benefit to local community.

77

UTM Location of Date of Village Name Drilled Well Results of Screening and Conclusions Assessment N E No impact to environment and community 260246 1384484 in reverse it is greatly benefited to residents No concerns about environment and social 254490 1383463 issues that might be caused by this project but great benefit to villagers this location is closed to houses and fences belong to land holder, but they 260436 1386457 have agreed for the installation of drilled wells This is required to refill land before 256712 1383298 construction but there is good to have one water resource available for villagers The location proposed for construction of 17/12/2020 drilled wells is not impacted to trees or 261373 1384897 private/public infrastructures in the village. It will more benefit to local community. The site is good for installation of a drilled 260832 1384229 well due to no concern on environment may occur. The site is good for installation of a drilled 256394 1382800 well due to no concern on environment may occur. The site is good for installation of a drilled 260689 1384281 well due to no concern on environment may occur. The site is good for installation of a drilled 18/12/2020 261963 1383684 well due to no concern on environment may occur. The site is good for installation of a drilled 261595 1383854 well due to no concern on environment may occur. The site is good for installation of a drilled 2.2 Kampong Lpov Sub-project well due to no concern on environment may occur. The site is good for installation of a drilled 268823 1388020 well due to no concern on environment may occur. 12/1/2021 The site is good for installation of a drilled 269164 1387532 well due to no concern on environment may occur. The site is good for installation of a drilled 268777 1387903 well due to no concern on environment may occur. Kampong The site is good for installation of a drilled Lpov 268562 1388365 well due to no concern on environment may occur. 13/1/2021 The site is good for installation of a drilled 268925 1387821 well due to no concern on environment may occur. The site is good for installation of a drilled 268699 1388031 well due to no concern on environment may occur. It is flat need to be filled the surrounding 14/1/2021 268714 1387762 but good for drilled well installation

78

UTM Location of Date of Village Name Drilled Well Results of Screening and Conclusions Assessment N E No impact to environment and community 268934 1387581 in reverse it is greatly benefited to residents This location is good for installation of drilled well due to no concerns on 268676 1388143 environment and social structure maybe occurred. It is flat need to be filled the surrounding 288879 1388990 but good for drilled well installation Not impact for environment and good 487748 1404834 location for drilled well construction No concerns about environment and social 283975 1391541 issues that might be caused by this project but great benefit to villagers No concerns about environment and social 288879 1390152 issues that might be caused by this project but great benefit to villagers No concerns about environment and social 289087 1390331 issues that might be caused by this project but great benefit to villagers No concerns about environment and social 283676 1390795 issues that might be caused by this project 21/1/2021 but great benefit to villagers No concerns about environment and social 281977 1394264 issues that might be caused by this project but great benefit to villagers No concerns about environment and social 285090 1391075 issues that might be caused by this project but great benefit to villagers It is flat need to be filled the surrounding 283324 1391943 but good for drilled well installation Prey Thom No impact to environment and community 283585 1391365 in reverse it is greatly benefited to residents This location is good for installation of drilled well due to no concerns on 288828 1389523 environment and social structure maybe occurred. No impact to environment and community 283392 1393387 in reverse it is greatly benefited to residents No impact to environment and community 283209 1392299 in reverse it is greatly benefited to residents No impact to environment and community 282985 1391176 in reverse it is greatly benefited to residents 25/1/2021 No impact to environment and community 288481 1394707 in reverse it is greatly benefited to residents No impact to environment and community 288361 1401143 in reverse it is greatly benefited to residents No impact to environment and community 288420 1393648 in reverse it is greatly benefited to residents

79

UTM Location of Date of Village Name Drilled Well Results of Screening and Conclusions Assessment N E No impact to environment and community 288480 1394148 in reverse it is greatly benefited to residents No impact to environment and community 287813 1393237 in reverse it is greatly benefited to residents No impact to environment and community 285384 1396376 in reverse it is greatly benefited to residents No impact to environment and community 284848 1395452 in reverse it is greatly benefited to residents No impact to environment and community 286669 1398998 in reverse it is greatly benefited to residents No impact to environment and community 288733 1402424 in reverse it is greatly benefited to residents No concerns about environment and social 288868 1402424 issues that might be caused by this project but great benefit to villagers No concerns about environment and social 26/1/2021 288107 1399788 issues that might be caused by this project but great benefit to villagers No concerns about environment and social 288400 1398752 issues that might be caused by this project but great benefit to villagers No concerns about environment and social 285919 1395881 issues that might be caused by this project but great benefit to villagers No concerns about environment and social 286033 1398763 issues that might be caused by this project but great benefit to villagers No concerns about environment and social 287363 1399324 issues that might be caused by this project but great benefit to villagers No concerns about environment and social 288136 1398952 issues that might be caused by this project but great benefit to villagers No concerns about environment and social 284201 1391314 issues that might be caused by this project but great benefit to villagers No concerns about environment and social 289909 1398926 issues that might be caused by this project but great benefit to villagers No concerns about environment and social 27/1/2021 290370 1399149 issues that might be caused by this project but great benefit to villagers No concerns about environment and social 290991 1399745 issues that might be caused by this project but great benefit to villagers No concerns about environment and social 284211 1392070 issues that might be caused by this project but great benefit to villagers No concerns about environment and social 292099 1398391 issues that might be caused by this project but great benefit to villagers

80

UTM Location of Date of Village Name Drilled Well Results of Screening and Conclusions Assessment N E No concerns about environment and social 291843 1395023 issues that might be caused by this project but great benefit to villagers No concerns about environment and social 291581 1394980 issues that might be caused by this project but great benefit to villagers No concerns about environment and social 290658 1392779 issues that might be caused by this project but great benefit to villagers No concerns about environment and social 290248 1392970 issues that might be caused by this project but great benefit to villagers No concerns about environment and social 290613 1392624 issues that might be caused by this project but great benefit to villagers No concerns about environment and social 28/1/2021 285115 1395298 issues that might be caused by this project but great benefit to villagers No concerns about environment and social 285111 1395899 issues that might be caused by this project but great benefit to villagers No concerns about environment and social 285328 1396948 issues that might be caused by this project but great benefit to villagers No concerns about environment and social 292279 1400086 issues that might be caused by this project but great benefit to villagers This location is good for installation of drilled well due to no concerns on 269890 1386093 environment and social structure maybe occurred. No concerns about environment and social 268909 1387400 issues that might be caused by this project but great benefit to villagers It is flat need to be filled the surrounding 269386 1386528 but good for drilled well installation O Deum Chek It is flat need to be filled the surrounding 270569 1385924 but good for drilled well installation There are no concerns about environment 1/2/2021 267160 1385943 and social problem. All villagers participated in the meeting agreed. It is flat need to be filled the surrounding 266850 1385737 but good for drilled well installation It is flat need to be filled the surrounding 268957 1385512 but good for drilled well installation It is flat need to be filled the surrounding 267022 1388368 but good for drilled well installation No concerns about environment and social 266724 1388678 issues that might be caused by this project but great benefit to villagers It is flat need to be filled the surrounding Svay Chrum 268192 1387624 but good for drilled well installation No trees and other concerns on 267100 1388331 environment. The best location is to be 2/2/2021 constructed a new drilled well. It is flat need to be filled the surrounding 267423 1387900 but good for drilled well installation

81

UTM Location of Date of Village Name Drilled Well Results of Screening and Conclusions Assessment N E The site is good for installation of a drilled 267159 1388231 well due to no concern on environment may occur. The site is good for installation of a drilled 267315 1388017 well due to no concern on environment may occur. The site is good for installation of a drilled 268637 1387552 well due to no concern on environment may occur. 3/2/2021 The site is good for installation of a drilled 267865 1387730 well due to no concern on environment may occur. The site is good for installation of a drilled 268486 1387556 well due to no concern on environment may occur. The site is good for installation of a drilled 266132 1386081 well due to no concern on environment may occur. 4/2/2021 The site is good for installation of a drilled 266222 1387607 well due to no concern on environment may occur. This is required to refill land before 266383 1387975 construction but there is good to have one 5/2/2021 water resource available for villagers It is flat need to be filled the surrounding 266067 1387445 but good for drilled well installation It is flat need to be filled the surrounding 279441 1393051 but good for drilled well installation There are no concerns about environment 280285 1389873 and social problem. All villagers participated in the meeting agreed. The site is good for installation of a drilled 280030 1389721 well due to no concern on environment 20/1/2021 may occur. The site is good for installation of a drilled 279194 1394026 well due to no concern on environment may occur. The site is good for installation of a drilled 279522 1392053 well due to no concern on environment Stung Toch may occur. The site is good for installation of a drilled 279213 1395006 well due to no concern on environment may occur. The site is good for installation of a drilled 279041 1395958 well due to no concern on environment may occur. 19/1/2021 There are no concerns about environment 279686 1389501 and social problem. All villagers participated in the meeting agreed. No environmental issues and social 279294 1394813 concerns might be occurred due to the proposal.

82

6.2.3. Kampong Chhnang Province

198. Table below provides Summary of Environmental Screening and Demarcation of total 152 Drilled Wells in Two Sub-projects in Samaki Meanchey District.

Table 81: Summary of Environmental Screening and Demarcation of total 152 Drilled Wells in Two Sub-projects in Samaki Meanchey District UTM Location of Environmental Assessment Date of Village Name Drilled Well Conclusions/Recommendations Assessment N E 1. Krang Lvea Sub-project (99 drilled wells) Not impact on environment and good 0452235 1324030 location for drilled well construction It is flat need to be filled the surrounding but 0452456 1323794 good for drilled well installation Not impact on environment and good 0452630 1323408 location for drilled well construction Not impact on environment and good 04-05-Jan-21 Thnal 0452949 1329432 location for drilled well construction Not impact on environment and good 0454410 1323032 location for drilled well construction Not impact on environment and good 0453090 1323304 location for drilled well construction Not impact on environment and good 0454492 1323164 location for drilled well construction Not impact on environment and good 0454125 1323024 location for drilled well construction This is located at School Land, no impact on 0453388 1322738 environment 06-07-Jan-21 Krang Lvea No impact on environment and good location 0453866 1322542 for drilled well construction No impact on environment and good location 0453868 1322465 for drilled well construction No impact on environment and good location 0452760 1322939 for drilled well construction No impact on environment and good location 0452799 1322671 for drilled well construction No impact on environment and good location 0452984 1322722 for drilled well construction No impact on environment and good location 0453055 1322745 for drilled well construction No impact on environment and good location 0453043 1322643 for drilled well construction 11/12/20 Our Kakhob No impact on environment and good location 0453146 1322633 for drilled well construction No impact on environment and good location 0452675 1322629 for drilled well construction No impact on environment and good location 0452807 1322468 for drilled well construction No impact on environment and good location 0452593 1316789 for drilled well construction No impact on environment and good location 0452200 1316792 for drilled well construction

83

UTM Location of Environmental Assessment Date of Village Name Drilled Well Conclusions/Recommendations Assessment N E No impact on environment and good location 0452756 1322566 for drilled well construction No impact on environment and good location 0453043 1322518 for drilled well construction No impact on environment and good location 0451928 1317000 for drilled well construction No impact on environment and good location 0452900 1322599 for drilled well construction No impact on environment and good location 0452951 1322563 for drilled well construction No impact on environment and good location 0453098 1322554 for drilled well construction No impact on environment and good location 0455019 1329425 for drilled well construction No impact on environment and good location 0451225 1322936 for drilled well construction No impact on environment and good location 0451382 1322889 for drilled well construction No impact on environment and good location 0451436 1322982 for drilled well construction No impact on environment and good location 0451253 1322821 for drilled well construction No impact on environment and good location 14-Dec-20 Chres 0451435 1323459 for drilled well construction No impact on environment and good location 0451242 1322566 for drilled well construction No impact on environment and good location 0451534 1323103 for drilled well construction No impact on environment and good location 0451524 1322927 for drilled well construction No impact on environment and good location 0450886 1323343 for drilled well construction No impact on environment and good location 0451482 1322743 for drilled well construction No impact on environment and good location 0454413 1325712 for drilled well construction No impact on environment and good location 0454061 1325600 Khna Tey for drilled well construction 08-09-Jan-21 Mouk No impact on environment and good location 0453954 1325568 for drilled well construction No impact on environment and good location 0454533 1324790 for drilled well construction No impact on environment and good location 0045575 1324671 for drilled well construction No impact on environment and good location 0456546 1322480 for drilled well construction No impact on environment and good location 11-12-Jan-21 Tang Krong 0456092 1322770 for drilled well construction No impact on environment and good location 0455938 1322738 for drilled well construction No impact on environment and good location 0455843 1322842 for drilled well construction

84

UTM Location of Environmental Assessment Date of Village Name Drilled Well Conclusions/Recommendations Assessment N E No impact on environment and good location 0456101 1322623 for drilled well construction No impact on environment and good location 0456379 1322452 for drilled well construction No impact on environment and good location 0456402 1322513 for drilled well construction No impact on environment and good location 0451696 1324284 for drilled well construction No impact on environment and good location 0451708 1324179 for drilled well construction No impact on environment and good location 0451522 1324235 for drilled well construction No impact on environment and good location 0451333 1324108 Thlok for drilled well construction 13-14-Jan-21 Roleung No impact on environment and good location 0451181 1324110 for drilled well construction No impact on environment and good location 0451070 1324032 for drilled well construction No impact on environment and good location 0451663 1323666 for drilled well construction No impact on environment and good location 0451957 1323994 for drilled well construction No impact on environment and good location 0452486 1323224 for drilled well construction No impact on environment and good location 0452994 1323053 for drilled well construction No impact on environment and good location 0452590 1323164 for drilled well construction No impact on environment and good location 0452330 1323200 for drilled well construction No impact on environment and good location 0452647 1322912 for drilled well construction Chumteav No impact on environment and good location 15-16-Jan-21 0452083 1323139 Chraeng for drilled well construction No impact on environment and good location 0452437 1323109 for drilled well construction No impact on environment and good location 0452325 1323065 for drilled well construction No impact on environment and good location 0452493 1322881 for drilled well construction No impact on environment and good location 0452386 1322891 for drilled well construction No impact on environment and good location 0452813 1322830 for drilled well construction No impact on environment and good location 0447649 1322624 for drilled well construction No impact on environment and good location 0447764 1322553 Tang Kruos for drilled well construction 18-19-Jan-21 Lech No impact on environment and good location 0447895 1322460 for drilled well construction No impact on environment and good location 0448136 1322455 for drilled well construction

85

UTM Location of Environmental Assessment Date of Village Name Drilled Well Conclusions/Recommendations Assessment N E No impact on environment and good location 0447883 1322827 for drilled well construction No impact on environment and good location 0447474 1322884 for drilled well construction No impact on environment and good location 0447788 1322740 for drilled well construction No impact on environment and good location 0447729 1322977 for drilled well construction No impact on environment and good location 0447510 1323022 for drilled well construction No impact on environment and good location 0447426 1323036 for drilled well construction No impact on environment and good location 0447654 1322509 for drilled well construction 20-21-Jan-21 Tang Kruos No impact on environment and good location 0449841 1323039 Keut for drilled well construction No impact on environment and good location 0448211 1322404 for drilled well construction No impact on environment and good location 0446429 1320380 for drilled well construction No impact on environment and good location 0448879 1322538 for drilled well construction No impact on environment and good location 0449062 1322548 for drilled well construction No impact on environment and good location 0448401 1322795 for drilled well construction No impact on environment and good location 0449109 1322786 for drilled well construction No impact on environment and good location 0448625 1322398 for drilled well construction No impact on environment and good location 0448467 1322420 for drilled well construction No impact on environment and good location 0448308 1322830 for drilled well construction No impact on environment and good location 0448729 1322663 for drilled well construction No impact on environment and good location 0448780 1322505 for drilled well construction No impact on environment and good location 0438923 1321055 Sambuk for drilled well construction 22-23-Jan-21 Kreal No impact on environment and good location 0437361 1319918 for drilled well construction No impact on environment and good location 0445207 1317636 for drilled well construction No impact on environment and good location 0445691 1317460 for drilled well construction No impact on environment and good location 25-26-Jan-21 Khsach Sar 0445497 1313906 for drilled well construction No impact on environment and good location 0447393 1314184 for drilled well construction No impact on environment and good location 0447887 1314184 for drilled well construction

86

UTM Location of Environmental Assessment Date of Village Name Drilled Well Conclusions/Recommendations Assessment N E 2. Chhean Loeung Sub-project (53 drilled wells) No impact on environment and good location 0443336 1298877 for drilled well construction No impact on environment and good location 0443794 1298495 for drilled well construction No impact on environment and good location 0444208 1299059 for drilled well construction 18/12/20 No impact on environment and good location 0443450 1300277 for drilled well construction Chrak Tnaot No impact on environment and good location 0442903 1299196 for drilled well construction No impact on environment and good location 0442957 1298995 for drilled well construction No impact on environment and good location 0443242 1298906 for drilled well construction 16/12/20 No impact on environment and good location 0442958 1299127 for drilled well construction No impact on environment and good location 0442329 1300248 for drilled well construction No impact on environment and good location 0442170 1300547 for drilled well construction No impact on environment and good location 01-02-Feb-21 Traeng 0442268 1301425 for drilled well construction No impact on environment and good location 0442167 1300676 for drilled well construction No impact on environment and good location 0442259 1300943 for drilled well construction No impact on environment and good location 0441646 1302613 for drilled well construction No impact on environment and good location 0439398 1303450 for drilled well construction No impact on environment and good location 0440362 1303808 for drilled well construction No impact on environment and good location 0439213 1305269 for drilled well construction 16/12/20 No impact on environment and good location 0439469 1303927 for drilled well construction No impact on environment and good location 0439413 1304038 for drilled well construction Royeas No impact on environment and good location 0439447 1303749 for drilled well construction No impact on environment and good location 0439481 1303575 for drilled well construction No impact on environment and good location 11/12/20 0439550 1303630 for drilled well construction No impact on environment and good location 0439497 1303372 for drilled well construction No impact on environment and good location 16/12/20 0437450 1303222 for drilled well construction No impact on environment and good location 0439415 1302984 for drilled well construction

87

UTM Location of Environmental Assessment Date of Village Name Drilled Well Conclusions/Recommendations Assessment N E No impact on environment and good location 0442206 1301757 for drilled well construction No impact on environment and good location 0442109 1302179 for drilled well construction No impact on environment and good location 0441724 1302485 for drilled well construction No impact on environment and good location 0441637 1302652 for drilled well construction No impact on environment and good location 0443445 1301677 for drilled well construction No impact on environment and good location 0443807 1302700 for drilled well construction Trapeang No impact on environment and good location 03-04-Feb-21 0444068 1301649 Thma for drilled well construction No impact on environment and good location 0443766 1301134 for drilled well construction No impact on environment and good location 0443695 1301007 for drilled well construction No impact on environment and good location 0446353 1301947 for drilled well construction No impact on environment and good location 0445615 1301650 for drilled well construction No impact on environment and good location 0445520 1301665 for drilled well construction No impact on environment and good location 0445009 1301645 for drilled well construction 05-06-Feb-21 Srae Ruessei No impact on environment and good location 0446440 1302016 for drilled well construction No impact on environment and good location 0445911 1301853 for drilled well construction No impact on environment and good location 0445580 1301703 for drilled well construction No impact on environment and good location 0445257 1301603 for drilled well construction No impact on environment and good location 0446104 1298108 for drilled well construction No impact on environment and good location 0445786 1298337 for drilled well construction No impact on environment and good location 0445426 1298537 Krang for drilled well construction 08-09-Feb-21 Samraong No impact on environment and good location 0445946 1298271 for drilled well construction No impact on environment and good location 0445056 1298587 for drilled well construction No impact on environment and good location 0444960 1298738 for drilled well construction No impact on environment and good location 0441215 1299552 for drilled well construction 10-11-Feb-21 Along Pring No impact on environment and good location 0440162 1300154 for drilled well construction No impact on environment and good location 12-13-Feb-21 Chuonh Chit 0438315 1301466 for drilled well construction

88

UTM Location of Environmental Assessment Date of Village Name Drilled Well Conclusions/Recommendations Assessment N E No impact on environment and good location 0438398 1301688 for drilled well construction No impact on environment and good location 0438265 1301978 for drilled well construction

6.2.4. Kampot Province

199. Table below provides Summary of Environmental Screening and Demarcation of total 165 Drilled Wells in all three Sub-projects in Chhouk District, Kampot Province.

Table 82: Summary of Environmental Screening and Demarcation of total 165 Drilled Wells in all three Sub-projects in Chhouk District, Kampot Province UTM Location of Drilled Date of Environmental Assessment Village Name Well Assessment Conclusion/Recommendation N E 1. Krang Snay Sub-project, Chhuk District, Kampot Province No environmental concerns and 445309 1201208 good location for drilled well installation. No environmental concerns and 444157 1202379 good location for drilled well installation. No environmental concerns and 445107 1201499 good location for drilled well installation. No environmental concerns and 445729 1202095 good location for drilled well installation. No environmental concerns and 445499 1202897 good location for drilled well installation. No environmental concerns and 22/12/2020 Toch village 443669 1203627 good location for drilled well installation. No environmental concerns and 443492 1202256 good location for drilled well installation. No environmental concerns and 444712 1201018 good location for drilled well installation. No environmental concerns and 444287 1202223 good location for drilled well installation. No environmental concerns and 444867 1202200 good location for drilled well installation. No environmental concerns and 446277 1201415 good location for drilled well installation.

89

UTM Location of Drilled Date of Environmental Assessment Village Name Well Assessment Conclusion/Recommendation N E No environmental concerns and 445468 1202397 good location for drilled well installation. No environmental concerns and 445857 1202200 good location for drilled well installation. No environmental concerns and 444995 1202486 good location for drilled well installation. No environmental concerns and 444691 1202905 good location for drilled well installation. No environmental concerns and 414738 1199871 good location for drilled well installation. No environmental concerns and 445774 1200546 good location for drilled well installation. No environmental concerns and 445763 1200730 good location for drilled well installation. No environmental concerns and 446200 1199786 good location for drilled well installation. No environmental concerns and 445820 1200216 good location for drilled well installation. No environmental concerns and 446147 1200155 good location for drilled well installation. 21/12/2020 Ta Noan No environmental concerns and 446108 1200803 good location for drilled well installation. No environmental concerns and 445003 1199668 good location for drilled well installation. No environmental concerns and 445875 1199756 good location for drilled well installation. No environmental concerns and 445744 1199824 good location for drilled well installation. No environmental concerns and 445801 1200385 good location for drilled well installation. No environmental concerns and 446370 1199772 good location for drilled well installation. No environmental concerns and 442966 1200789 good location for drilled well Damnak Troap installation. 18/12/2020 Khang Cheung No environmental concerns and 442825 1201921 good location for drilled well installation. 90

UTM Location of Drilled Date of Environmental Assessment Village Name Well Assessment Conclusion/Recommendation N E No environmental concerns and 441953 1200775 good location for drilled well installation. No environmental concerns and 441632 1201065 good location for drilled well installation. No environmental concerns and 442273 1201051 good location for drilled well installation. No environmental concerns and 442196 1201765 good location for drilled well installation. No environmental concerns and 441483 1200428 good location for drilled well installation. No environmental concerns and 442678 1201689 good location for drilled well installation. No environmental concerns and 441566 1201668 good location for drilled well installation. No environmental concerns and 442284 1201516 good location for drilled well installation. No environmental concerns and 441694 1200308 good location for drilled well installation. No environmental concerns and 443848 1199996 good location for drilled well installation. No environmental concerns and 442784 1199349 good location for drilled well installation. No environmental concerns and 441815 1199352 good location for drilled well installation. No environmental concerns and 441823 1198937 good location for drilled well installation. No environmental concerns and Damnak Toap 23/12/2020 442587 1198460 good location for drilled well Khang Tboung installation. No environmental concerns and 443633 1199859 good location for drilled well installation. No environmental concerns and 443109 1200442 good location for drilled well installation. No environmental concerns and 443136 1200364 good location for drilled well installation. No environmental concerns and 442125 1199035 good location for drilled well installation. 91

UTM Location of Drilled Date of Environmental Assessment Village Name Well Assessment Conclusion/Recommendation N E No environmental concerns and 444743 1199700 good location for drilled well installation. No environmental concerns and 442867 1198596 good location for drilled well installation. No environmental concerns and 443753 1199272 good location for drilled well installation. No environmental concerns and 442392 1199476 good location for drilled well installation. No environmental concerns and 442555 1199346 good location for drilled well installation. No environmental concerns and 444121 1201890 good location for drilled well installation. No environmental concerns and 443155 1202832 good location for drilled well installation. No environmental concerns and 443634 1202317 good location for drilled well installation. No environmental concerns and 442551 1203926 good location for drilled well installation. No environmental concerns and 443533 1201863 good location for drilled well installation. No environmental concerns and 444324 1200517 good location for drilled well installation. No environmental concerns and 29/12/2020 Lve 443105 1200703 good location for drilled well installation. No environmental concerns and 444114 1200670 good location for drilled well installation. No environmental concerns and 443399 1201104 good location for drilled well installation. No environmental concerns and 443234 1202476 good location for drilled well installation. No environmental concerns and 443120 1202617 good location for drilled well installation. No environmental concerns and 444084 1201050 good location for drilled well installation. No environmental concerns and 443860 1201115 good location for drilled well installation. 92

UTM Location of Drilled Date of Environmental Assessment Village Name Well Assessment Conclusion/Recommendation N E No environmental concerns and 443118 1202130 good location for drilled well installation. No environmental concerns and 443798 1200977 good location for drilled well installation. No environmental concerns and 442846 1202665 good location for drilled well installation. No environmental concerns and 441585 1203778 good location for drilled well installation. No environmental concerns and 442224 1202422 good location for drilled well installation. No environmental concerns and 442493 1202332 good location for drilled well installation. No environmental concerns and 442778 1202574 good location for drilled well installation. No environmental concerns and 441378 1201634 good location for drilled well installation. No environmental concerns and 17/12/2020 Krang Rolous 441045 1202203 good location for drilled well installation. No environmental concerns and 442583 1202314 good location for drilled well installation. No environmental concerns and 441728 1202307 good location for drilled well installation. No environmental concerns and 441292 1202909 good location for drilled well installation. No environmental concerns and 442755 1203026 good location for drilled well installation. No environmental concerns and 441527 1203334 good location for drilled well installation. No environmental concerns and 440936 1202813 good location for drilled well installation. 2. Neareay Sub-project, Chhuk District, Kampot Province No environmental concerns and 449738 1202848 good location for drilled well installation. 29/12/2020 Neareay No environmental concerns and 450031 1202346 good location for drilled well installation.

93

UTM Location of Drilled Date of Environmental Assessment Village Name Well Assessment Conclusion/Recommendation N E No environmental concerns and 449999 1203133 good location for drilled well installation. No environmental concerns and 450115 1202500 good location for drilled well installation. No environmental concerns and 450286 1201281 good location for drilled well installation. No environmental concerns and 449853 1203039 good location for drilled well installation. No environmental concerns and 450198 1202389 good location for drilled well installation. No environmental concerns and 449807 1202662 good location for drilled well installation. No environmental concerns and 449972 1202438 good location for drilled well installation. No environmental concerns and 450626 1202741 good location for drilled well installation. No environmental concerns and 450689 1202988 good location for drilled well installation. No environmental concerns and 450911 1202701 good location for drilled well installation. No environmental concerns and 450044 1202339 good location for drilled well installation. No environmental concerns and 445983 1202145 good location for drilled well installation. No environmental concerns and 448273 1202255 good location for drilled well installation. No environmental concerns and 448946 1201726 good location for drilled well installation. No environmental concerns and 24/12/2020 449212 1202290 good location for drilled well installation. Pos Pong No environmental concerns and 448926 1202337 good location for drilled well installation. No environmental concerns and 449212 1202507 good location for drilled well installation. No environmental concerns and 448173 1202102 good location for drilled well installation. 94

UTM Location of Drilled Date of Environmental Assessment Village Name Well Assessment Conclusion/Recommendation N E No environmental concerns and 449022 1202586 good location for drilled well installation. No environmental concerns and 448876 1202060 good location for drilled well installation. No environmental concerns and 448909 1203050 good location for drilled well installation. No environmental concerns and 448459 1203044 good location for drilled well installation. No environmental concerns and 448692 1203163 good location for drilled well installation. No environmental concerns and 449710 1201482 good location for drilled well installation. No environmental concerns and 448609 1202394 good location for drilled well installation. No environmental concerns and 448700 1202345 good location for drilled well installation. No environmental concerns and 448697 1202263 good location for drilled well installation. No environmental concerns and 449237 1201967 good location for drilled well installation. No environmental concerns and 448713 1202417 good location for drilled well installation. No environmental concerns and 448975 1201921 good location for drilled well installation. No environmental concerns and 449011 1201429 good location for drilled well installation. No environmental concerns and 449196 1201148 good location for drilled well installation. No environmental concerns and 25/12/2020 Prey Sbov 448974 1201364 good location for drilled well installation. No environmental concerns and 448866 1201126 good location for drilled well installation. No environmental concerns and 449085 1200835 good location for drilled well installation. No environmental concerns and 449082 1200683 good location for drilled well installation. 95

UTM Location of Drilled Date of Environmental Assessment Village Name Well Assessment Conclusion/Recommendation N E No environmental concerns and 449119 1200477 good location for drilled well installation. No environmental concerns and 448366 1200953 good location for drilled well installation. No environmental concerns and 448203 1200672 good location for drilled well installation. No environmental concerns and 449810 1200268 good location for drilled well installation. No environmental concerns and 448701 1200029 good location for drilled well installation. No environmental concerns and 449796 1200792 good location for drilled well installation. No environmental concerns and 449279 1200656 good location for drilled well installation. No environmental concerns and 449839 1200655 good location for drilled well installation. No environmental concerns and 447397 1200845 good location for drilled well installation. No environmental concerns and 447734 1200824 good location for drilled well installation. No environmental concerns and 446476 1201033 good location for drilled well installation. No environmental concerns and 446709 1199916 good location for drilled well installation. No environmental concerns and 446993 1200842 good location for drilled well installation. 17/12/2020 Khnach Romeas No environmental concerns and 447426 1201948 good location for drilled well installation. No environmental concerns and 447791 1200241 good location for drilled well installation. No environmental concerns and 447541 1200037 good location for drilled well installation. No environmental concerns and 447429 1202654 good location for drilled well installation. No environmental concerns and 446856 1202855 good location for drilled well installation. 96

UTM Location of Drilled Date of Environmental Assessment Village Name Well Assessment Conclusion/Recommendation N E No environmental concerns and 446525 1203068 good location for drilled well installation. No environmental concerns and 446823 1202963 good location for drilled well installation. No environmental concerns and 446469 1201230 good location for drilled well installation. No environmental concerns and 446609 1201427 good location for drilled well installation. No environmental concerns and 446671 1201007 good location for drilled well installation. No environmental concerns and 448053 1201686 good location for drilled well installation. No environmental concerns and 447252 1199498 good location for drilled well installation. No environmental concerns and 446750 1202409 good location for drilled well installation. No environmental concerns and 446483 1202756 good location for drilled well installation. 3. Boeng Nimol Sub-project, Chhuk District, Kampot Province No environmental concerns and 437589.3 1195005.2 good location for drilled well installation. No environmental concerns and 437633.4 1195308 good location for drilled well installation. 24/12/20200 SraNgae No environmental concerns and 438021.7 1194625.7 good location for drilled well installation. No environmental concerns and 437876 1195349.6 good location for drilled well installation. No environmental concerns and 436920.9 1195690.2 good location for drilled well installation. No environmental concerns and 437828.7 1196308.1 good location for drilled well installation. 21/12/2020 Prech No environmental concerns and 437534.9 1195770.5 good location for drilled well installation. No environmental concerns and 436626.1 1195087.4 good location for drilled well installation.

97

UTM Location of Drilled Date of Environmental Assessment Village Name Well Assessment Conclusion/Recommendation N E No environmental concerns and 436069.6 1195090.9 good location for drilled well installation. No environmental concerns and 437858.3 1196752.6 good location for drilled well installation. No environmental concerns and 436735.7 1196034.6 good location for drilled well installation. No environmental concerns and 432782 1193307 good location for drilled well installation. No environmental concerns and 433028.7 1194030.8 good location for drilled well installation. 15/12/2020 Pou Doh No environmental concerns and 432856.8 1195401.4 good location for drilled well installation. No environmental concerns and 432299.1 1194677.1 good location for drilled well installation. No environmental concerns and 436319 1192573.9 good location for drilled well installation. No environmental concerns and 436252.3 1193571 good location for drilled well installation. No environmental concerns and 26/12/2020 Boeng 435991.6 1192862.1 good location for drilled well installation. No environmental concerns and 434580.8 1193596.4 good location for drilled well installation. No environmental concerns and 435278.5 1193794.1 good location for drilled well installation.

6.2.5. Kampong Speu Province

200. Table below provides Summary of Environmental Screening and Demarcation of total 27 Drilled Wells in Dambouk Rung Sub-project, Phnom Srouch District, Kampong Speu Province.

Table 83: Summary of Environmental Screening and Demarcation of total 27 Drilled Wells in Dambouk Rung Sub-project, Phnom Srouch District, Kampong Speu Province Date of UTM Location of Envirt. Village Name Drilled Well Results of Screening and Conclusions Assessment N E The location of the proposed drilled well was 18/1/21 Mean Serey 424960 1242544 never flooded, and it does not affect privately

98

Date of UTM Location of Envirt. Village Name Drilled Well Results of Screening and Conclusions Assessment N E own property and/or public infrastructures. This is good for drilling a well. The location of the proposed drilled well was never flooded, and it does not affect privately 422197 1236183 own property and/or public infrastructures. This is good for drilling a well. The location of the proposed drilled well was never flooded, and it does not affect privately 421734 1236478 own property and/or public infrastructures. This is good for drilling a well. The location of the proposed drilled well was never flooded, and it does not affect privately 19/1/21 Preah Khae 421756 1236252 own property and/or public infrastructures. This is good for drilling a well. The location of the proposed drilled well was never flooded, and it does not affect privately 422161 1236093 own property and/or public infrastructures. This is good for drilling a well. The location of the proposed drilled well was never flooded, and it does not affect privately 422130 1236350 own property and/or public infrastructures. This is good for drilling a well. The location of the proposed drilled well was never flooded, and it does not affect privately 419608 1243147 own property and/or public infrastructures. This is good for drilling a well. The location of the proposed drilled well was never flooded, and it does not affect privately 419152 1243266 own property and/or public infrastructures. This is good for drilling a well. The location of the proposed drilled well was never flooded, and it does not affect privately 419265 1243392 own property and/or public infrastructures. This is good for drilling a well. The location of the proposed drilled well was never flooded, and it does not affect privately 419964 1241246 own property and/or public infrastructures. This is good for drilling a well. The location of the proposed drilled well was never flooded, and it does not affect privately 20/1/21 Ta Yong 419253 1242968 own property and/or public infrastructures. This is good for drilling a well. The location of the proposed drilled well was never flooded, and it does not affect privately 419827 1241796 own property and/or public infrastructures. This is good for drilling a well. The location of the proposed drilled well was never flooded, and it does not affect privately 419799 1241676 own property and/or public infrastructures. This is good for drilling a well. The location of the proposed drilled well was never flooded, and it does not affect privately 419738 1241875 own property and/or public infrastructures. This is good for drilling a well. The location of the proposed drilled well was never flooded, and it does not affect privately 419691 1241757 own property and/or public infrastructures. This is good for drilling a well. 99

Date of UTM Location of Envirt. Village Name Drilled Well Results of Screening and Conclusions Assessment N E The location of the proposed drilled well was never flooded, and it does not affect privately 418830 1244438 own property and/or public infrastructures. This is good for drilling a well. The location of the proposed drilled well was never flooded, and it does not affect privately 4119711 1243875 own property and/or public infrastructures. This is good for drilling a well. The location of the proposed drilled well was never flooded, and it does not affect privately 20/1/21 Svay Thom 420349 1244123 own property and/or public infrastructures. This is good for drilling a well. The location of the proposed drilled well was never flooded, and it does not affect privately 4220483 1244686 own property and/or public infrastructures. This is good for drilling a well. The location of the proposed drilled well was never flooded, and it does not affect privately 421026 1244102 own property and/or public infrastructures. This is good for drilling a well. The location of the proposed drilled well was never flooded, and it does not affect privately 422415 1241380 own property and/or public infrastructures. This is good for drilling a well. The location of the proposed drilled well was Dambouk never flooded, and it does not affect privately 19/1/21 422353 1241733 Rung own property and/or public infrastructures. This is good for drilling a well. The location of the proposed drilled well was never flooded, and it does not affect privately 422292 1242114 own property and/or public infrastructures. This is good for drilling a well. The location of the proposed drilled well was never flooded, and it does not affect privately 425469 1247651 own property and/or public infrastructures. This is good for drilling a well. The location of the proposed drilled well was never flooded, and it does not affect privately 18/1/21 Sambour 425601 1247202 own property and/or public infrastructures. This is good for drilling a well. The location of the proposed drilled well was never flooded, and it does not affect privately 426297 1246146 own property and/or public infrastructures. This is good for drilling a well. The location of the proposed drilled well was never flooded, and it does not affect privately 21/1/21 Peam Khvao 423689 1246941 own property and/or public infrastructures. This is good for drilling a well.

6.2.6. Kampong Thom Province

201. Table below provides Summary of Environmental Screening and Demarcation of total 71 Drilled Wells in Chhoeung Doeung Sub-project, Baray District, Kampong Thom Province.

100

Table 84: Summary of Environmental Screening and Demarcation of total 71 Drilled Wells in Chhoeung Doeung Sub-project, Baray District, Kampong Thom Province UTM Location of Date of Environmental Assessment and Village Name Drilled Well Assessment Conclusions/Recommendations N E It is flat, the surrounding areas of the platform needs to be filled but good for 520537 1377049 drilled well construction and this location do not have trees that may be affected. It is flat, the surrounding areas of the platform needs to be filled but good for 520665 1377037 drilled well construction and this location do not have trees that may be affected It is flat, the surrounding areas of the platform needs to be filled but good for 520664 1377157 drilled well construction and this location do not have trees that may be affected It is flat, the surrounding areas of the platform needs to be filled but good for 520543 1377151 drilled well construction and this location do not have trees that may be affected It is flat, the surrounding areas of the platform needs to be filled but good for 520656 1377400 drilled well construction and this location do not have trees that may be affected 18.05.2020 Ponnareay It is flat, the surrounding areas of the platform needs to be filled but good for 520673 1377515 drilled well construction and this location do not have trees that may be affected It is flat, the surrounding areas of the platform needs to be filled but good for 520659 1377695 drilled well construction and this location do not have trees that may be affected It is flat, the surrounding areas of the platform needs to be filled but good for 520595 1377828 drilled well construction and this location do not have trees that may be affected It is flat, the surrounding areas of the platform needs to be filled but good for 520462 1377818 drilled well construction and this location do not have trees that may be affected It is flat, the surrounding areas of the platform needs to be filled but good for 520184 1377787 drilled well construction and this location do not have trees that may be affected It is flat, the surrounding areas of the platform needs to be filled but good for 522796 1382256 drilled well construction and this location do not have trees that may be affected It is flat, the surrounding areas of the platform needs to be filled but good for 524025 1382314 drilled well construction and this location do 19.05.2020 Sampov Loun not have trees that may be affected It is flat, the surrounding areas of the platform needs to be filled but good for 523757 1382324 drilled well construction and this location do not have trees that may be affected It is flat, the surrounding areas of the 523603 1382329 platform needs to be filled but good for 101

UTM Location of Date of Environmental Assessment and Village Name Drilled Well Assessment Conclusions/Recommendations N E drilled well construction and this location do not have trees that may be affected It is flat, the surrounding areas of the platform needs to be filled but good for 523323 1382342 drilled well construction and this location do not have trees that may be affected It is flat, the surrounding areas of the platform needs to be filled but good for 523030 1382283 drilled well construction and this location do not have trees that may be affected It is flat, the surrounding areas of the platform needs to be filled but good for 522676 1382214 drilled well construction and this location do not have trees that may be affected It is flat, the surrounding areas of the platform needs to be filled but good for 521997 1382044 drilled well construction and this location do not have trees that may be affected It is flat, the surrounding areas of the platform needs to be filled but good for 521632 1381985 drilled well construction and this location do not have trees that may be affected It is located in front of a house, potential impact on a small number of vegetables and 520618 1379083 the surrounding area of the platform needs to be filled but good for drilled well location. It is located in front of a house, potential impact on a small number of vegetables and 520468 1378949 the surrounding area of the platform needs to be filled but good for drilled well location 20.05.2020 Tra Det It is located in front of a house, potential impact on a small number of vegetables and 520730 1379156 the surrounding area of the platform needs to be filled but good for drilled well location It is located in front of a house, potential impact on a small number of vegetables and 520619 1379083 the surrounding area of the platform needs to be filled but good for drilled well location It is located in front of a house, potential impact on a small number of vegetables and 520558 1378579 the surrounding area of the platform needs to be filled but good for drilled well location It is located in front of a house, potential impact on a small number of vegetables and 520718 1378306 the surrounding area of the platform needs to be filled but good for drilled well location 21.05.2020 Porng Toek It is located in front of a house, potential impact on a small number of vegetables and 520850 1378443 the surrounding area of the platform needs to be filled but good for drilled well location It is located in front of a house, potential impact on a small number of vegetables and 520856 1378976 the surrounding area of the platform needs to be filled but good for drilled well location It is flat need to be filled the surrounding 22.05.2020 Prey Dom 519449 1378975 platform but good for drilled well construction accordingly land donor to be happy

102

UTM Location of Date of Environmental Assessment and Village Name Drilled Well Assessment Conclusions/Recommendations N E collaborated in this project. This location do not have the tree impact. It is flat, the surrounding areas of the platform need to be filled but good for drilled 519629 1378996 well construction, the land owner is happy to provide the location. This location does not have any impact on trees It is flat, the surrounding areas of the platform need to be filled but good for drilled 519538 1379122 well construction, the land owner is happy to provide the location. This location does not have any impact on trees It is flat, the surrounding areas of the platform need to be filled but good for drilled 519359 1379119 well construction, the land owner is happy to provide the location. This location does not have any impact on trees It is flat, the surrounding areas of the platform need to be filled but good for drilled 519409 1379121 well construction, the land owner is happy to provide the location. This location does not have any impact on trees It is flat, the surrounding areas of the platform need to be filled but good for drilled 519342 1379204 well construction, the land owner is happy to provide the location. This location does not have any impact on trees It is flat, the surrounding areas of the platform need to be filled but good for drilled 519278 1379141 well construction, the land owner is happy to provide the location. This location does not have any impact on trees It is flat, the surrounding areas of the platform need to be filled but good for drilled 519253 1379027 well construction, the land owner is happy to provide the location. This location does not have any impact on trees It is flat, the surrounding areas of the platform need to be filled but good for drilled 519171 1379119 well construction, the land owner is happy to provide the location. This location does not have any impact on trees It is flat, the surrounding areas of the platform need to be filled but good for drilled 518896 1379181 well construction, the land owner is happy to provide the location. This location does not have any impact on trees It is flat, the surrounding areas of the platform need to be filled but good for drilled 518671 1379189 well construction, the land owner is happy to provide the location. This location does not have any impact on trees It is flat, the surrounding areas of the platform need to be filled but good for drilled Choeung 25.05.2020 522183 1378178 well construction, the land owner is happy to Doeung provide the location. This location does not have any impact on trees

103

UTM Location of Date of Environmental Assessment and Village Name Drilled Well Assessment Conclusions/Recommendations N E It is flat, the surrounding areas of the platform need to be filled but good for drilled 522137 1378332 well construction, the land owner is happy to provide the location. This location does not have any impact on trees It is flat, the surrounding areas of the platform need to be filled but good for drilled 522448 1378393 well construction, the land owner is happy to provide the location. This location does not have any impact on trees It is flat, the surrounding areas of the platform need to be filled but good for drilled 522030 1378352 well construction, the land owner is happy to provide the location. This location does not have any impact on trees It is flat, the surrounding areas of the platform need to be filled but good for drilled 522527 1388187 well construction, the land owner is happy to provide the location. This location does not have any impact on trees It is flat, the surrounding areas of the platform need to be filled but good for drilled 522329 1378169 well construction, the land owner is happy to provide the location. This location does not have any impact on trees It is flat, the surrounding areas of the platform need to be filled but good for drilled 522051 1378190 well construction, the land owner is happy to provide the location. This location does not have any impact on trees It is flat, the surrounding areas of the platform need to be filled but good for drilled 523642 1376655 well construction, the land owner is happy to provide the location. This location does not have any impact on trees It is flat, the surrounding areas of the platform need to be filled but good for drilled 523448 1378570 well construction, the land owner is happy to provide the location. This location does not have any impact on trees It is flat, the surrounding areas of the platform need to be filled but good for drilled 523319 1378436 well construction, the land owner is happy to provide the location. This location does not 26.05.2020 Ta Orng have any impact on trees It is flat, the surrounding areas of the platform need to be filled but good for drilled 523577 1378436 well construction, the land owner is happy to provide the location. This location does not have any impact on trees It is flat, the surrounding areas of the platform need to be filled but good for drilled 525246 1378406 well construction, the land owner is happy to provide the location. This location does not have any impact on trees It is flat, the surrounding areas of the 523014 1378804 platform need to be filled but good for drilled well construction, the land owner is happy to 104

UTM Location of Date of Environmental Assessment and Village Name Drilled Well Assessment Conclusions/Recommendations N E provide the location. This location does not have any impact on trees It is flat, the surrounding areas of the platform need to be filled but good for drilled 523060 1378426 well construction, the land owner is happy to provide the location. This location does not have any impact on trees It is flat, the surrounding areas of the platform need to be filled but good for drilled 524287 1378672 well construction, the land owner is happy to provide the location. This location does not have any impact on trees It is flat, the surrounding areas of the platform need to be filled but good for drilled 524237 1378590 well construction, the land owner is happy to provide the location. This location does not have any impact on trees It is flat, the surrounding areas of the platform need to be filled but good for drilled 524366 1378580 well construction, the land owner is happy to provide the location. This location does not have any impact on trees It is flat, the surrounding areas of the platform need to be filled but good for drilled 27.05.2020 Boeung 524477 1378546 well construction, the land owner is happy to provide the location. This location does not have any impact on trees It is flat, the surrounding areas of the platform need to be filled but good for drilled 524584 1378406 well construction, the land owner is happy to provide the location. This location does not have any impact on trees It is flat, the surrounding areas of the platform need to be filled but good for drilled 524177 1378734 well construction, the land owner is happy to provide the location. This location does not have any impact on trees It is flat, the surrounding areas of the platform need to be filled but good for drilled 524112 1378544 well construction, the land owner is happy to provide the location. This location does not have any impact on trees It is flat, the surrounding areas of the platform need to be filled but good for drilled 523150 1376868 well construction, the land owner is happy to provide the location. This location does not have any impact on trees It is flat, the surrounding areas of the platform need to be filled but good for drilled 28.05.2020 Pon Lei 523287 1377156 well construction, the land owner is happy to provide the location. This location does not have any impact on trees It is flat, the surrounding areas of the platform need to be filled but good for drilled 523083 1376799 well construction, the land owner is happy to provide the location. This location does not have any impact on trees

105

UTM Location of Date of Environmental Assessment and Village Name Drilled Well Assessment Conclusions/Recommendations N E It is flat, the surrounding areas of the platform need to be filled but good for drilled 523280 1377281 well construction, the land owner is happy to provide the location. This location does not have any impact on trees It is flat, the surrounding areas of the platform need to be filled but good for drilled 523046 1376931 well construction, the land owner is happy to provide the location. This location does not have any impact on trees It is flat, the surrounding areas of the platform need to be filled but good for drilled 521436 1376737 well construction, the land owner is happy to provide the location. This location does not have any impact on trees It is flat, the surrounding areas of the platform need to be filled but good for drilled 521238 1376658 well construction, the land owner is happy to provide the location. This location does not have any impact on trees It is flat, the surrounding areas of the platform need to be filled but good for drilled 521270 1376489 well construction, the land owner is happy to provide the location. This location does not have any impact on trees It is flat, the surrounding areas of the platform need to be filled but good for drilled 29.05.2020 Pro Neak 521064 1376453 well construction, the land owner is happy to provide the location. This location does not have any impact on trees It is flat, the surrounding areas of the platform need to be filled but good for drilled 520704 1376372 well construction, the landowner is happy to provide the location. This location does not have any impact on trees It is flat, the surrounding areas of the platform need to be filled but good for drilled 520674 1376560 well construction, the land owner is happy to provide the location. This location does not have any impact on trees It is flat, the surrounding areas of the platform need to be filled but good for drilled 520985 1376644 well construction, the land owner is happy to provide the location. This location does not have any impact on trees

6.2.7. Preah Vihear Province

202. Table below provides Summary of Environmental Screening and Demarcation of total 69 Drilled Wells out of which 4 rehabilitation drilled wells for all 3 Sub-projects in Chey Sen District, Preah Vihear Province.

106

Table 85: Summary of Environmental Screening and Demarcation of total 69 Drilled Wells out of which 4 rehabilitation drilled wells for all 3 Sub-projects in Chey Sen District, Preah Vihear Province UTM Location of Date of Results of Screening and Village Name Drilled Well Assessment Conclusions N E 1. Tasu Sub-project, Chey Sen District The location of this proposed drilled well is in high elevation of the ground which is never flooded. In this area 21/12/2020 Ta Sou 527988 1509756 there are no big trees, agricultural cultivation, sewages, toilets, and domestic animal farms. The location of this proposed drilled well is in high elevation of the ground which is never flooded. In this area 528445 1511403 there are no big trees, agricultural cultivation, sewages, toilets, and domestic animal farms. The location of this proposed drilled well is in high elevation of the ground which is never flooded. In this area 529113 1511188 there are no big trees, agricultural cultivation, sewages, toilets, and domestic animal farms. The location of this proposed drilled well is in high elevation of the ground which is never flooded. In this area 529657 1511127 there are no big trees, agricultural cultivation, sewages, toilets, and domestic animal farms. 21/12/2020 Toul Chhouk The location of this proposed drilled well is in high elevation of the ground which is never flooded. In this area 528794 1511473 there are no big trees, agricultural cultivation, sewages, toilets, and domestic animal farms. The location of this proposed drilled well is in high elevation of the ground which is never flooded. In this area 529017 1511389 there are no big trees, agricultural cultivation, sewages, toilets, and domestic animal farms. The location of this proposed drilled well is in high elevation of the ground which is never flooded. In this area 529307 1511158 there are no big trees, agricultural cultivation, sewages, toilets, and domestic animal farms. The location of this proposed drilled well is in high elevation of the ground which is never flooded. In this area 21/12/2020 O' Sniet 531079 1512456 there are no big trees, agricultural cultivation, sewages, toilets, and domestic animal farms. The location of this proposed drilled well is in high elevation of the ground 21/12/2020 Samraong 525172 1512711 which is never flooded. In this area there are no big trees, agricultural

107

UTM Location of Date of Results of Screening and Village Name Drilled Well Assessment Conclusions N E cultivation, sewages, toilets, and domestic animal farms. The location of this proposed drilled well is in high elevation of the ground which is never flooded. In this area 525128 1512811 there are no big trees, agricultural cultivation, sewages, toilets, and domestic animal farms. The location of this proposed drilled well is in high elevation of the ground which is never flooded. In this area 526634 1512442 there are no big trees, agricultural cultivation, sewages, toilets, and domestic animal farms. 21/12/2020 Toul Thnung The location of this proposed drilled well is in high elevation of the ground which is never flooded. In this area 527988 1509562 there are no big trees, agricultural cultivation, sewages, toilets, and domestic animal farms. The location of this proposed drilled well is in high elevation of the ground which is never flooded. In this area 527160 1493410 there are no big trees, agricultural cultivation, sewages, toilets, and domestic animal farms. The location of this proposed drilled well is in high elevation of the ground which is never flooded. In this area 528053 1494008 there are no big trees, agricultural cultivation, sewages, toilets, and domestic animal farms. The location of this proposed drilled well is in high elevation of the ground which is never flooded. In this area 527399 1492641 there are no big trees, agricultural cultivation, sewages, toilets, and domestic animal farms. 22/12/2020 Peurk The location of this proposed drilled well is in high elevation of the ground which is never flooded. In this area 527404 1495037 there are no big trees, agricultural cultivation, sewages, toilets, and domestic animal farms. The location of this proposed drilled well is in high elevation of the ground which is never flooded. In this area 527581 1494636 there are no big trees, agricultural cultivation, sewages, toilets, and domestic animal farms. The location of this proposed drilled well is in high elevation of the ground which is never flooded. In this area 527609 1494764 there are no big trees, agricultural cultivation, sewages, toilets, and domestic animal farms. The location of this proposed drilled 22/12/2020 Veal Bor 524052 1497075 well is in high elevation of the ground 108

UTM Location of Date of Results of Screening and Village Name Drilled Well Assessment Conclusions N E which is never flooded. In this area there are no big trees, agricultural cultivation, sewages, toilets, and domestic animal farms. The location of this proposed drilled well is in high elevation of the ground which is never flooded. In this area 518925 1501308 there are no big trees, agricultural cultivation, sewages, toilets, and domestic animal farms. The location of this proposed drilled well is in high elevation of the ground which is never flooded. In this area 518969 1502002 there are no big trees, agricultural cultivation, sewages, toilets, and domestic animal farms. The location of this proposed drilled well is in high elevation of the ground which is never flooded. In this area 512235 1503918 there are no big trees, agricultural cultivation, sewages, toilets, and domestic animal farms. The location of this proposed drilled well is in high elevation of the ground which is never flooded. In this area 519272 1503630 there are no big trees, agricultural cultivation, sewages, toilets, and domestic animal farms. The location of this proposed drilled well is in high elevation of the ground which is never flooded. In this area 518894 1501163 there are no big trees, agricultural cultivation, sewages, toilets, and domestic animal farms. The location of this proposed drilled well is in high elevation of the ground which is never flooded. In this area 524052 1497075 there are no big trees, agricultural cultivation, sewages, toilets, and domestic animal farms. The location of this proposed drilled well is in high elevation of the ground which is never flooded. In this area 518925 1501308 there are no big trees, agricultural cultivation, sewages, toilets, and domestic animal farms. The location of this proposed drilled well is in high elevation of the ground which is never flooded. In this area 523186 1497935 there are no big trees, agricultural cultivation, sewages, toilets, and domestic animal farms. 22/12/2020 Kampong Putrea The location of this proposed drilled well is in high elevation of the ground which is never flooded. In this area 520661 1496894 there are no big trees, agricultural cultivation, sewages, toilets, and domestic animal farms. 109

UTM Location of Date of Results of Screening and Village Name Drilled Well Assessment Conclusions N E The location of this proposed drilled well is in high elevation of the ground which is never flooded. In this area 522730 1495318 there are no big trees, agricultural cultivation, sewages, toilets, and domestic animal farms. The location of this proposed drilled well is in high elevation of the ground which is never flooded. In this area 522916 1496894 there are no big trees, agricultural cultivation, sewages, toilets, and domestic animal farms. The location of this proposed drilled well is in high elevation of the ground which is never flooded. In this area 522853 1496712 there are no big trees, agricultural cultivation, sewages, toilets, and domestic animal farms. The location of this proposed drilled well is in high elevation of the ground which is never flooded. In this area 523096 1497492 there are no big trees, agricultural cultivation, sewages, toilets, and domestic animal farms. The location of this proposed drilled well is in high elevation of the ground which is never flooded. In this area 515036 1505828 there are no big trees, agricultural cultivation, sewages, toilets, and domestic animal farms. The location of this proposed drilled well is in high elevation of the ground which is never flooded. In this area 515226 1505579 there are no big trees, agricultural cultivation, sewages, toilets, and domestic animal farms. The location of this proposed drilled well is in high elevation of the ground which is never flooded. In this area 22/12/2020 Kravann 517426 1509866 there are no big trees, agricultural cultivation, sewages, toilets, and domestic animal farms. The location of this proposed drilled well is in high elevation of the ground which is never flooded. In this area 514949 1505450 there are no big trees, agricultural cultivation, sewages, toilets, and domestic animal farms. The location of this proposed drilled well is in high elevation of the ground which is never flooded. In this area 515601 1505718 there are no big trees, agricultural cultivation, sewages, toilets, and domestic animal farms. The location of this proposed drilled well is in high elevation of the ground 23/12/2020 Chrach 546191 1508616 which is never flooded. In this area there are no big trees, agricultural 110

UTM Location of Date of Results of Screening and Village Name Drilled Well Assessment Conclusions N E cultivation, sewages, toilets, and domestic animal farms. The location of this proposed drilled well is in high elevation of the ground which is never flooded. In this area 546205 1507150 there are no big trees, agricultural cultivation, sewages, toilets, and domestic animal farms. The location of this proposed drilled well is in high elevation of the ground which is never flooded. In this area 546174 1506629 there are no big trees, agricultural cultivation, sewages, toilets, and domestic animal farms. The location of this proposed drilled well is in high elevation of the ground which is never flooded. In this area 546174 1506530 there are no big trees, agricultural cultivation, sewages, toilets, and domestic animal farms. The location of this proposed drilled well is in high elevation of the ground which is never flooded. In this area 545258 1504453 there are no big trees, agricultural cultivation, sewages, toilets, and domestic animal farms. The location of this proposed drilled well is in high elevation of the ground which is never flooded. In this area 545460 1504211 there are no big trees, agricultural cultivation, sewages, toilets, and domestic animal farms. 23/12/2020 Chamroeun The location of this proposed drilled well is in high elevation of the ground which is never flooded. In this area 545235 1504228 there are no big trees, agricultural cultivation, sewages, toilets, and domestic animal farms. The location of this proposed drilled well is in high elevation of the ground which is never flooded. In this area 545122 1504393 there are no big trees, agricultural cultivation, sewages, toilets, and domestic animal farms. The location of this proposed drilled well is in high elevation of the ground which is never flooded. In this area 538352 1504781 there are no big trees, agricultural cultivation, sewages, toilets, and domestic animal farms. The location of this proposed drilled 23/12/2020 Pramoul Phdom well is in high elevation of the ground which is never flooded. In this area 538762 1504665 there are no big trees, agricultural cultivation, sewages, toilets, and domestic animal farms. The location of this proposed drilled 539233 1504750 well is in high elevation of the ground 111

UTM Location of Date of Results of Screening and Village Name Drilled Well Assessment Conclusions N E which is never flooded. In this area there are no big trees, agricultural cultivation, sewages, toilets, and domestic animal farms. The location of this proposed drilled well is in high elevation of the ground which is never flooded. In this area 538907 1504659 there are no big trees, agricultural cultivation, sewages, toilets, and domestic animal farms. The location of this proposed drilled well is in high elevation of the ground which is never flooded. In this area 539161 1504781 there are no big trees, agricultural cultivation, sewages, toilets, and domestic animal farms. The location of this proposed drilled well is in high elevation of the ground which is never flooded. In this area 538988 1504726 there are no big trees, agricultural cultivation, sewages, toilets, and domestic animal farms. The location of this proposed drilled well is in high elevation of the ground which is never flooded. In this area 538700 1504653 there are no big trees, agricultural cultivation, sewages, toilets, and domestic animal farms. The location of this proposed drilled well is in high elevation of the ground which is never flooded. In this area 538821 1504725 there are no big trees, agricultural cultivation, sewages, toilets, and domestic animal farms. The location of this proposed drilled well is in high elevation of the ground which is never flooded. In this area 543044 1504404 there are no big trees, agricultural cultivation, sewages, toilets, and domestic animal farms. The location of this proposed drilled well is in high elevation of the ground which is never flooded. In this area 542793 1504383 there are no big trees, agricultural cultivation, sewages, toilets, and domestic animal farms. 23/12/2020 Phlaoch The location of this proposed drilled well is in high elevation of the ground which is never flooded. In this area 543069 1504557 there are no big trees, agricultural cultivation, sewages, toilets, and domestic animal farms. The location of this proposed drilled well is in high elevation of the ground which is never flooded. In this area 542795 1504498 there are no big trees, agricultural cultivation, sewages, toilets, and domestic animal farms. 112

UTM Location of Date of Results of Screening and Village Name Drilled Well Assessment Conclusions N E The location of this proposed drilled well is in high elevation of the ground which is never flooded. In this area 543970 1504754 there are no big trees, agricultural cultivation, sewages, toilets, and domestic animal farms. The location of this proposed drilled well is in high elevation of the ground which is never flooded. In this area 543798 1504571 there are no big trees, agricultural cultivation, sewages, toilets, and domestic animal farms. The location of this proposed drilled well is in high elevation of the ground which is never flooded. In this area 543862 1504726 there are no big trees, agricultural cultivation, sewages, toilets, and domestic animal farms. The location of this proposed drilled well is in high elevation of the ground which is never flooded. In this area 544050 1504685 there are no big trees, agricultural cultivation, sewages, toilets, and domestic animal farms. The location of this proposed drilled well is in high elevation of the ground which is never flooded. In this area 543044 1504404 there are no big trees, agricultural cultivation, sewages, toilets, and domestic animal farms. The location of this proposed drilled well is in high elevation of the ground which is never flooded. In this area 541749 1504613 there are no big trees, agricultural cultivation, sewages, toilets, and domestic animal farms. The location of this proposed drilled well is in high elevation of the ground which is never flooded. In this area 541330 1504586 there are no big trees, agricultural cultivation, sewages, toilets, and domestic animal farms. 23/12/2020 Pakdiwat The location of this proposed drilled well is in high elevation of the ground which is never flooded. In this area 541624 1504731 there are no big trees, agricultural cultivation, sewages, toilets, and domestic animal farms. The location of this proposed drilled well is in high elevation of the ground which is never flooded. In this area 541257 1504735 there are no big trees, agricultural cultivation, sewages, toilets, and domestic animal farms. The location of this proposed drilled well is in high elevation of the ground 23/12/2020 Damnak Trach 537192 1504854 which is never flooded. In this area there are no big trees, agricultural 113

UTM Location of Date of Results of Screening and Village Name Drilled Well Assessment Conclusions N E cultivation, sewages, toilets, and domestic animal farms. The location of this proposed drilled well is in high elevation of the ground which is never flooded. In this area 537849 1504036 there are no big trees, agricultural cultivation, sewages, toilets, and domestic animal farms. The location of this proposed drilled well is in high elevation of the ground which is never flooded. In this area 539493 1504625 there are no big trees, agricultural cultivation, sewages, toilets, and domestic animal farms.

6.2.8. Pursat Province

203. Table below provides Summary of Environmental Screening and Demarcation of total 87 Drilled Wells in Two Sub-projects in Phnom Kravanh District, Pursat Province.

Table 86: Summary of Environmental Screening and Demarcation of total 87 Drilled Wells in Two Sub-projects in Phnom Kravanh District, Pursat Province UTM Location of Date of Results of Screening and Conclusions Village Name Drilled Well Assessment N E 1. Pro Ngil Sub-project (59 drilled wells) No impact on environment and good location 369558 1371845 for drilled well construction No impact on environment and good location, 370308 1371237 there is drainage system. it is good for drilled well construction No impact on environment and good location 369633 1371675 for drilled well construction Ousrav (10 No impact on environment and good location 21/12/20 370169 1371130 drill wells) for drilled well construction No impact on environment and good location 369592 1371117 for drilled well construction 369198 1371343 No impact on trees 370031 1370568 No Impact on environment. 369505 1370950 No Impact on environment. 369807 1370368 No Impact on environment. 370114 1370800 No Impact on environment. 370736 1377173 No plan tree and other impact Samraong 370275 1374394 No impact environment. 25/12/20 Yea (4 drill 370550 1377018 No impact wells) 1 banana tree is near the proposed location 370671 1374540 for dilled well No trees will be impacted and good location Oubaktra (12 376366 137556 22/12/20 for drilled well construction drill well) 376080 1375211 No impact environment

114

UTM Location of Date of Results of Screening and Conclusions Village Name Drilled Well Assessment N E There is no environmental impact expected to 375959 1375281 occur There is no environmental impact expected to 374855 1374396 occur There is no environmental impact expected to 375743 1375414 occur There is no environmental impact expected to 375566 1375095 occur There is no environmental impact expected to 376145 1375410 occur There is no environmental impact expected to 376842 1375481 occur 376310 1376779 No impact to around environment. There is no environmental impact expected to 376155 1376629 occur 374631 1374901 Have a good drainage canal. 374268 1374127 Good location and no impact There is no environmental impact expected to 372709 1371089 occur There is no environmental impact expected to 369688 1373475 occur There is no environmental impact expected to 370800 1371701 occur Kampaeang 22/12/20 There is no environmental impact expected to (7 drill well) 370520 1371432 occur There is no environmental impact expected to 369513 1373523 occur There is no environmental impact expected to 366448 1374186 occur 370821 1372111 Good location and No impact. 372169 1374185 There is 20 m from 1 tree but no impact. SvayPak (3 24/12/20 372390 1373817 Good location, 100 m from rice field. wells) 372187 1373812 70m from the rice field. 369399 1369614 100m from a Latrine 369306 1369056 60 m from rice fields There is no environmental impact expected to 368825 1367997 occur There is no environmental impact expected to 368787 1368819 occur There is no environmental impact expected to 369898 1369707 occur Prongil (10 There is no environmental impact expected to 22/12/20 368870 1368208 drill well) occur There is no environmental impact expected to 368840 1368566 occur There is no environmental impact expected to 368801 1368728 occur There is no environmental impact expected to 369496 1369292 occur There is no environmental impact expected to 367842 1371208 occur

115

UTM Location of Date of Results of Screening and Conclusions Village Name Drilled Well Assessment N E Good location and there is no environmental 384934 1361913 issue Good location and there is no environmental 379575 1365280 issue The proposed drilled well is in a flat terrain 381279 1366047 which may need to rise well’s platform higher as usual otherwise it will be affected by flash floods. There are banana trees grown nearby 384912 1360922 proposed well location but landowner agreed to clear and install the well for public uses. Good location and there is no environmental 384860 1364530 issue Say (13 drill Good location and there is no environmental 22/12/20 381438 1363995 well) issue 386260 1361952 drill well place is high but 30m from farm Good location and there is no environmental 381254 1364930 issue 380047 1366021 40 m from cassava farm Good location and there is no environmental 380828 1367927 issue Good location and there is no environmental 381168 1367061 issue Good location and there is no environmental 382630 1361635 issue Good location and there is no environmental 386945 1363217 issue 2. Bak Chenh Chien Sub-project (28 drilled wells) No impact on environment and good location 366387 1374043 for drilled well construction No impact on environment and good location 17/12/20 Srae Chong 366447 1374157 hand have drainage system. it is good for drilled well construction No impact on environment and good location 366747 1374450 for drilled well construction No impact for environment and good location 368952 1377687 for drilled well construction Not impact for environment and good location Bak Chenh 368851 1377048 17/12/20 for drilled well construction Chien 368987 1377568 No trees will be impacted 3 banana trees are near the place to drill the 369137 1377576 well. Good location and there is no environmental 369065 1378731 issues 18/12/20 Ourumchang 368669 1379191 Near rice field but the place is high 368520 1378759 Not Impact environment. the place drill well is low so need to fill more 368094 1377889 land to be higher. No impact on environment, it is good and no 368744 1378427 Ou Russey impact on any tree.

18/12/20 368750 1378155 20m from palm tree. 368109 1378378 15m Near the Orange tree. not to be cut . 116

UTM Location of Date of Results of Screening and Conclusions Village Name Drilled Well Assessment N E 368781 1378283 Good location 369572 1380788 No impact and good for construction Damnak 369591 1380478 No impact and good for construction 22/12/20 Ampil 369288 1380259 No impact and good for construction 369323 1380227 No impact and good for construction 365650 1381551 45m from the rice field. No big tree 366127 1381762 30m from the rice field. but the land is high 17/12/20 Tuol Pongro 366367 1379815 No environmental impact. 365979 1382609 Good location for well construction. 368652 1375244 Good location and no environmental impact. Krabao 18/12/20 368065 1374746 No impact and good for construction Chrum 368695 1375494 No impact and good for construction Kampong 368667 1376763 No impact and good for construction 18/12/20 Khtum 369452 1375582 No impact and good for construction

6.2.9. Siem Reap Province

204. Table below provides Summary of Environmental Screening and Demarcation of total 140 Drilled Wells in two Sub-projects in Siem Reap Province.

Table 87: Summary of Environmental Screening and Demarcation of total 140 Drilled Wells in two Sub-projects in Siem Reap Province Date of UTM Location of Drilled Environmental Assessment Assessme Village Name Well Conclusions/Recommendations nt X Y 1. Russey Lok Sub-project (76 drilled wells of which 3 drilled wells for schools) in No concerns on environment impact 411478 1461959 and good location for drilled well installation No concerns on environment impact 411465 1461572 and good location for drilled well installation No concerns on environment impact 411289 1461939 and good location for drilled well Samraong installation 15-12-20 Kanhchroch No concerns on environment impact 410868 1461922 and good location for drilled well installation No concerns on environment impact 410967 1462079 and good location for drilled well installation No concerns on environment impact 411031 1462212 and good location for drilled well installation No concerns on environment impact 16-12-20 Boeng 411889 1458473 and good location for drilled well installation

117

Date of UTM Location of Drilled Environmental Assessment Assessme Village Name Well Conclusions/Recommendations nt X Y No concerns on environment impact 411072 1458698 and good location for drilled well installation No concerns on environment impact 411409 1460203 and good location for drilled well installation No concerns on environment impact 411675 1458708 and good location for drilled well installation No concerns on environment impact 412583 1458319 and good location for drilled well installation No concerns on environment impact 411165 1460236 and good location for drilled well installation No concerns on environment impact 412401 1458309 and good location for drilled well installation No concerns on environment impact 411745 1458763 and good location for drilled well installation No concerns on environment impact 411238 1459327 and good location for drilled well installation No concerns on environment impact 411190 1459155 and good location for drilled well installation No concerns on environment impact 411350 1459923 and good location for drilled well installation No concerns on environment impact 412236 1458336 and good location for drilled well installation No concerns on environment impact 410889 1458545 and good location for drilled well installation No concerns on environment impact 411310 1459777 and good location for drilled well installation No concerns on environment impact 411044 1458588 and good location for drilled well installation No concerns on environment impact 411590 1458474 and good location for drilled well installation No concerns on environment impact 411198 1459326 and good location for drilled well installation No concerns on environment impact 411940 1458319 and good location for drilled well installation No concerns on environment impact 413298 1459979 and good location for drilled well installation 14-12-20 Spean Toch No concerns on environment impact 413853 1460130 and good location for drilled well installation

118

Date of UTM Location of Drilled Environmental Assessment Assessme Village Name Well Conclusions/Recommendations nt X Y No concerns on environment impact 413369 1459667 and good location for drilled well installation No concerns on environment impact 412787 1458929 and good location for drilled well installation No concerns on environment impact 412872 1459123 and good location for drilled well installation No concerns on environment impact 413944 1459913 and good location for drilled well installation No concerns on environment impact 415383 1460720 and good location for drilled well installation No concerns on environment impact 415016 1459083 and good location for drilled well installation No concerns on environment impact 415270 1459983 and good location for drilled well installation 14-12-20 Yeang No concerns on environment impact 415348 1460569 and good location for drilled well installation No concerns on environment impact 414865 1459367 and good location for drilled well installation No concerns on environment impact 414766 1459502 and good location for drilled well installation No concerns on environment impact 415430 1462051 and good location for drilled well installation No concerns on environment impact 415520 1462364 and good location for drilled well installation No concerns on environment impact 415652 1462762 and good location for drilled well installation No concerns on environment impact 415718 1463142 and good location for drilled well installation No concerns on environment impact 14-12-20 Ruessei Lok 415706 1463393 and good location for drilled well installation No concerns on environment impact 415700 1464209 and good location for drilled well installation No concerns on environment impact 415462 1461398 and good location for drilled well installation No concerns on environment impact 415496 1461444 and good location for drilled well installation No concerns on environment impact 415739 1464490 and good location for drilled well installation

119

Date of UTM Location of Drilled Environmental Assessment Assessme Village Name Well Conclusions/Recommendations nt X Y No concerns on environment impact 415711 1463860 and good location for drilled well installation No concerns on environment impact 415335 1461793 and good location for drilled well installation No concerns on environment impact 416084 1467894 and good location for drilled well installation No concerns on environment impact 416108 1467489 and good location for drilled well installation No concerns on environment impact 416869 1466352 and good location for drilled well installation No concerns on environment impact 416659 1465402 and good location for drilled well installation No concerns on environment impact 416147 1467973 and good location for drilled well installation No concerns on environment impact 416049 1467711 and good location for drilled well installation No concerns on environment impact 416509 1466022 and good location for drilled well installation No concerns on environment impact 417362 1467177 and good location for drilled well Totoeng installation 16-12-20 Thngay No concerns on environment impact 416221 1468573 and good location for drilled well installation No concerns on environment impact 416913 1466485 and good location for drilled well installation No concerns on environment impact 417612 1466662 and good location for drilled well installation No concerns on environment impact 417439 1466429 and good location for drilled well installation No concerns on environment impact 415865 1464922 and good location for drilled well installation No concerns on environment impact 416088 1467277 and good location for drilled well installation No concerns on environment impact 415693 1468944 and good location for drilled well installation No concerns on environment impact 416069 1465453 and good location for drilled well installation No concerns on environment impact 15-12-20 Kroch 416736 1461779 and good location for drilled well installation

120

Date of UTM Location of Drilled Environmental Assessment Assessme Village Name Well Conclusions/Recommendations nt X Y No concerns on environment impact 422697 1466517 and good location for drilled well installation No concerns on environment impact 421679 1466300 and good location for drilled well installation No concerns on environment impact 420618 1464268 and good location for drilled well installation No concerns on environment impact 417361 1462730 and good location for drilled well installation No concerns on environment impact 417006 1461466 and good location for drilled well installation No concerns on environment impact 416911 1461781 and good location for drilled well installation No concerns on environment impact 422892 1469884 and good location for drilled well installation No concerns on environment impact 421510 1468026 and good location for drilled well installation No concerns on environment impact 421181 1467792 and good location for drilled well installation 15-12-20 Trapeang Run No concerns on environment impact 423161 1469539 and good location for drilled well installation No concerns on environment impact 420683 1467817 and good location for drilled well installation No concerns on environment impact 420853 1467222 and good location for drilled well installation 2. Pongro Leu Sub-project (64 drilled wells) in Chikraeng District, Siem Reap Province No concerns on environment impact 436595 1469626 and good location for drilled well installation No concerns on environment impact 436868 1469796 and good location for drilled well installation No concerns on environment impact Trapeang 17-12-20 436699 1469789 and good location for drilled well Phluoh installation No concerns on environment impact 435998 1469024 and good location for drilled well installation No concerns on environment impact 438030 1471266 and good location for drilled well installation No concerns on environment impact 17-12-20 Chek 435577 1468461 and good location for drilled well installation

121

Date of UTM Location of Drilled Environmental Assessment Assessme Village Name Well Conclusions/Recommendations nt X Y No concerns on environment impact 435455 1468075 and good location for drilled well installation No concerns on environment impact 435764 1468657 and good location for drilled well installation No concerns on environment impact 435383 1467873 and good location for drilled well installation No concerns on environment impact 435430 1468004 and good location for drilled well installation No concerns on environment impact 434939 1467780 and good location for drilled well installation No concerns on environment impact 435311 1468371 and good location for drilled well installation No concerns on environment impact 435640 1468381 and good location for drilled well installation No concerns on environment impact 435035 1467120 and good location for drilled well installation No concerns on environment impact 435403 1467280 and good location for drilled well installation No concerns on environment impact 17-12-20 Kreang 435142 1467318 and good location for drilled well installation No concerns on environment impact 435030 1466935 and good location for drilled well installation No concerns on environment impact 434714 1466624 and good location for drilled well installation No concerns on environment impact 434312 1465844 and good location for drilled well installation No concerns on environment impact 434339 1466050 and good location for drilled well installation No concerns on environment impact 434285 1466015 and good location for drilled well installation No concerns on environment impact 21-12-20 Kbal Damrei 434294 1465566 and good location for drilled well installation No concerns on environment impact 434707 1466481 and good location for drilled well installation No concerns on environment impact 434573 1466312 and good location for drilled well installation No concerns on environment impact 434361 1465295 and good location for drilled well installation

122

Date of UTM Location of Drilled Environmental Assessment Assessme Village Name Well Conclusions/Recommendations nt X Y No concerns on environment impact 434248 1465567 and good location for drilled well installation No concerns on environment impact 434332 1465968 and good location for drilled well installation No concerns on environment impact 434413 1465307 and good location for drilled well installation No concerns on environment impact 434268 1465990 and good location for drilled well installation No concerns on environment impact 434448 1464981 and good location for drilled well installation No concerns on environment impact 434426 1466199 and good location for drilled well installation No concerns on environment impact 434479 1465573 and good location for drilled well installation No concerns on environment impact 434509 1466242 and good location for drilled well installation No concerns on environment impact 434416 1465427 and good location for drilled well installation No concerns on environment impact 433064 1462134 and good location for drilled well installation No concerns on environment impact 18-12-20 Kumru 433066 1461942 and good location for drilled well installation No concerns on environment impact 433043 1462187 and good location for drilled well installation No concerns on environment impact 432923 1460862 and good location for drilled well installation No concerns on environment impact 432866 1460615 and good location for drilled well installation No concerns on environment impact 433078 1460635 and good location for drilled well installation No concerns on environment impact 18-12-20 Svay Chek 433207 1461003 and good location for drilled well installation No concerns on environment impact 432929 1461285 and good location for drilled well installation No concerns on environment impact 432971 1459955 and good location for drilled well installation No concerns on environment impact 432923 1461045 and good location for drilled well installation

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Date of UTM Location of Drilled Environmental Assessment Assessme Village Name Well Conclusions/Recommendations nt X Y No concerns on environment impact 432886 1467947 and good location for drilled well installation No concerns on environment impact 432937 1467361 and good location for drilled well installation No concerns on environment impact 18-12-20 Dob Tnaot 433168 1468615 and good location for drilled well installation No concerns on environment impact 432645 1467189 and good location for drilled well installation No concerns on environment impact 430155 1468132 and good location for drilled well installation No concerns on environment impact 433477 1472371 and good location for drilled well installation 21-12-20 Sralau Sraong No concerns on environment impact 433265 1471820 and good location for drilled well installation No concerns on environment impact 429615 1471250 and good location for drilled well installation No concerns on environment impact 429623 1472969 and good location for drilled well installation No concerns on environment impact 429359 1478664 and good location for drilled well installation No concerns on environment impact 429831 1471619 and good location for drilled well installation No concerns on environment impact 21-12-20 Prey Chhkar 429339 1470898 and good location for drilled well installation No concerns on environment impact 429359 1471028 and good location for drilled well installation No concerns on environment impact 429330 1479112 and good location for drilled well installation No concerns on environment impact 429357 1499002 and good location for drilled well installation No concerns on environment impact 429935 1472217 and good location for drilled well installation No concerns on environment impact 424051 1475357 and good location for drilled well installation No concerns on environment impact 21-12-20 Loh'okk 422111 1474070 and good location for drilled well installation No concerns on environment impact 424818 1475229 and good location for drilled well installation

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Date of UTM Location of Drilled Environmental Assessment Assessme Village Name Well Conclusions/Recommendations nt X Y No concerns on environment impact 425019 1474939 and good location for drilled well installation

7. PUBLIC CONSULTATION AND INFORMATION DISCLOSURE 205. The information disclosure, consultations and participatory proposed site demarcation have been implemented through the fieldworks and the consultation meetings that were held by Provincial Project Teams (PPTs) at all the villages which have proposed water supply and sanitation facilities for rehabilitation and new construction. The consultation meetings as well as the transect walks and demarcation were conducted in different period and time available for PPTs since December 2020 to February 2021, during the site environmental and social screening for categorization. There are totally 9,536 participants recorded of which is 4,247 females (44%) and 5,310 males (56%). Date of the environmental assessment, consultation meetings, transect walks/site demarcation and number of the participants (local authorities, communities, and beneficiary representatives) (See Table below).

Table 88: Summary of Dates and Participation in Consultation Meetings

Femal Province District Commune Date of consultation Total Male e

Banteay Mongkol Mongkol Borei 16-18 December 2020 Meanchey Borei 727 350 374 Ta Taok 278 159 119 Battambang Samlot Kampong Lpov 9-18 February 2021 1429 484 726

Krang Snay 17-29 December 2020 1180 510 687

Kampot Chhouk Neareay 17-29 December 2020 960 495 465

Boeng Nimol 15-26 December 2020 300 151 149

Kampong Samakki Chhean Leung 16 Dec 2020 14 Feb 2021 456 157 299 Chhnang Meanchey Krang Lvea 12 Nov 2020 - 29 Feb 2021 655 239 416

Kampong Phnom Dambouk Rung 18-21 January 2021 Speu Sruoch 369 204 165 Kampong Baray Cheung Deung 18-29 May 2020 Thom 140 27 113 Prongil 21-24 December 2020 685 277 408 Phnom Pursat Bak Kravanh 17-18 December 2020 ChenhChien 339 124 215

Preah Chrach 22 January 2021 526 140 386 Chey Sen Vihear Tasu 21 January 2021 321 95 226

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Femal Province District Commune Date of consultation Total Male e

Putrea 23 January 2021 394 184 200

Ruessei Lork 15-16 December 2020 164 75 89 Siem Reap Chi Kreng Pongro Leu 17-21 December 2020 613 276 337

Total 9356 4247 5310

206. The topics discussed during the public consultation are: 1) proposed works of the subproject and its objectives; 2) discussion on negative and positive environmental and public health impacts that might occur during the project implementation and operation; 3) feedback of concerns and proposed mitigation measures; 4) discussion on suitable sites for project facilities avoiding for flood risk and significant habitats; 5) GRM has been aware and informed through poster distribution during the village- consultation meetings; 6) asked for information on known occurrence of unexploded ordinance and 7) finally asking for acceptance of the proposed works from the participants. The village consultation meeting reports are summarized in the table Annex 5.1 and the reports in Khmer are attached with this report as samples seen in the Annex 5.2. The summary of the concerns and issues raised by relevant authorities and local communities are described below: ▪ Lack of safe water for drinking and HH use year-round. During the dry season, some residents need to buy water from the water sellers because the community pond is shallow and dry during the dry season. ▪ The quality of water available for the current sources particularly community ponds is a concern as there is no water treatment plant. ▪ Groundwater is not always available at all the villages in this commune. Some villages could not construct drilled/dug wells due to absence of groundwater or quality of the groundwater. ▪ No protected areas and biodiversity conservation corridors are located within the commune. ▪ No proposed community ponds for rehabilitation are located within the privately-owned land plots and there is no need for resettlement. ▪ There are no concerns related to Indigenous People having negative impacts from the rehabilitation and/or construction of the proposed water supply and sanitation facilities.

8. GRIEVANCE REDRESS MECHANISM 207. During the project implementation stage, a subproject-specific Grievance Redress Mechanism (GRM) has been developed in compliance with ADB’s SPS (2009) and RGC’s requirement to address the weaknesses in the existing complaints systems and will provide an easy and immediate complaint-and response if needed, during the construction and operation phase. Any person will have access to the mechanism free of charge. Each subproject commune council and PPT will ensure that the GRM is publicized locally so that the community is fully aware of the mechanism and the local points of entry to it. Ministry of Rural Development (MRD) is the Executing Agency (EA) that is responsible for overall management of the project including 126

ensuring the functioning, monitoring, and reporting of the GRM for all the sub-projects through Project Coordination Unit (PCU) that has been established in Department of Rural Water Supply in the MRD.

208. The project has established a GRM Committee for each of the nine provinces where the 17 subprojects are located. The Committee members of the GRM are included representative of the PCU and PIC at national level and representative of PPTs, NKEs (national key expert), the Commune Chief and Village Chief or Vice Chief from each village where the community pond and drilled well rehabilitation and new construction will be implemented. The GRM Committee members at commune/village level will serve as the entry points for addressing any complaint from their own villagers/community or stakeholders who may be affected by subproject implementation. Copies of official letters on establishment of the GRM Committees are presented in Annex 6, in Khmer and English.

209. There are three steps in dealing with a environmental complaint (See Flow Chart of GRM below). The assigned GRM Committees will record and process all complaints when they are submitted to the project. Grievances can be filed in writing or verbally with any entry point of the GRM. The committee will have 5 working days for sub- national level and 10 working days for committee at national level, to respond with a resolution. The project environment safeguard officer (ESO) will oversee the implementation/observance of the mechanism and will be responsible for keeping the PCU/MRD informed. The Safeguards Focal Point at Provincial Level will be responsible for ensuring GRM implementation at the sub-project level.

210. All claims will be screened and filtered to determine whether the issues are related to the project and will be dealt with at commune level first. If the issues cannot be solved at the commune level within 5 working days, then the complaint will be submitted to the PPT at the provincial level for their support and solving the complaint within 5 working days. If the complaint cannot be solved at the provincial level (PPT), it will then be submitted to national level, a complain unit in PCU/ MRD for final solution and actions to be taken within 10 working days.

211. The PPT provided guidance and instructions to GRM Committee members on how to record and process a complaint. A simple template for a GRM poster in is being printed and contains the names and contact details of the Committee members at each level. The performance of the GRM Committees will be monitored and reported in the safeguarding monitoring report.

212. The GRM signboards, leaflets and logbooks will be made available at the village chief’s houses and / or active construction sites. All complaints will be recorded and will be included in quarterly progress reports and environmental and social safeguards monitoring reports and will be submitted to the Government and ADB.

213. The project will make all project information and documentation, including environmental and social reports, available to the community at the commune level; and for all stakeholders on the project and ADB websites.

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Oral or written complaint Found

Stage 2: Provincial Level (Provincial Project Team – PPT) Stage 1: Contractor/Village Head/ (5 working days) Commune Council (5 working days) Reporting Inform if solved; Forward if not solved

Complaints

Reporting Reporting

Reporting

Solution found

During During

Figure. GRM Flow Chart

9. ENVIRONMENTAL CODE OF CONDUCT (ECOC) 214. A matrix of the environmental Code of Conducts (ECoC) has been developed, which is a summary of the potential impacts for this Category C subproject and outlines of the proposed corresponding mitigation measures designed to minimize and manage those potential impacts. The ECoC can be adapted to components of the subprojects and locations and it will be attached to bidding documents for public tender. The ECoC is presented in Annex I

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215. The mitigation measures, suitably adapted to subprojects and locations, will be incorporated into tender documents, construction contracts, and operational management procedures. Contractors, the Provincial Project Team (PPT) and PCU will implement these measures, depending upon the subproject phases. The effectiveness of these measures will be carefully monitored using an environmental monitoring tool and approved methodologies.

216. The civil works will be subject to a public bidding process and the contract will be awarded to the successful construction company which best meets the bidding criteria and is eligible for such construction of the water supply and sanitation infrastructure in Cambodia. Contractors are required to take all necessary measures and precautions to ensure as the following points:

217. The execution of the works and all associated operations on the work sites or off-site are carried out to conform with statutory and regulatory environmental requirements of the Royal Government of Cambodia (RGC). This includes the regulatory provisions embodied in the following documents: (a) National Strategic Plan for Rural Water Supply, Sanitation and Hygiene (2014-2025); (b) National Strategic Development Plan (Ministry of Rural Development 2019); (c) Sub-decree on Sanitation Day (2010); and (d) Policy on Indigenous People Development (Ministry of Rural Development 2009).

218. All measures and precautions are taken to avoid any nuisance or disturbance arising from the execution of construction works and their related activities. This will, wherever possible, be achieved by suppression of the nuisance (or unwanted effects to the physical environment and undesirable impacts on people) at source rather than via abatement of the nuisance once generated.

219. Compensation is to be paid for any damage, loss, spoilage, or disturbance of the properties and health of the project affected people during execution of the construction works as specified by in the Bidding Documents.

220. The contractors play an important part of the Grievance Redress Mechanism (GRM). Contact number of contactors including name, position and telephone number will be shared with village chief or commune council chief in case of any issue during the works.

221. Both skilled and unskilled labour are recruited locally to increase the direct benefits in the subproject areas and to minimize potential environmental issues related to construction camps, disease transmission and socio-cultural disputes.

222. The civil works of the water supply and sanitation facilities will be included in commune development plans, confirming community interest. Payment to contractors for completion of civil works will be subject to certification by the commune councils (CC) and Provincial Project Team (PPT).

223. A procurement review committee (PRC) has been established comprising of representatives from the implementing agencies including the Ministry of Economic and Finance (MEF). PRC shall action to evaluate bidding document and select civil works service provider or construction companies for implementing the subproject activities. Table 38 below shows the role and responsibility for ensuring the compliance of the environmental safeguards

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Table 89: Roles and Responsibilities for Ensuring Compliance with the Environmental Safeguards

Entity Roles and responsibilities

Project Steering Committee Provide overall oversight of the project implementation, monitor (PSC) overall project performance, provide guidance especially on relevant policies, facilitate coordination with other relevant ministries and other national level bodies responsible for environment, disaster management and climate change. Project Coordination • Overall responsibility for delivery of the infrastructure outputs Committee (PCU) • Ensure adequate capacity at the national and subnational levels for meeting the requirements for environmental safeguarding, Climate Change Adaptation and Disaster Risk Management. • Monitor compliance with the environmental and social safeguards by agencies at all levels involved in the sub-project implementation including the ECoC • Deliver timely progress reports which cover environmental performance of all parties, training progress, issues outstanding, and further actions recommended Project Implementation • supports the PCU/PPTs to prepare tender, design of the Consultants (PIC) infrastructures and contract construction documents... The PIC in collaboration with the PCU/PPTs will assist commune councils to monitor construction standards. • The Environment and Climate Change Adaptation Specialist (ECCAS) to support the ESOs, PPTs and commune councils to fulfil their responsibilities in implementing, monitoring, and reporting the subproject EMP and overall compliance with the safeguard’s standards • the ECCAS/PIC to support PCU and PPTs in their supervision and monitoring responsibilities. • the ECCAS/PIC will prepare inputs for the quarterly project progress report and semi-annual environmental monitoring reports for ultimate submission and approval by the ADB. • The PIC staff assigned at the provincial level (referred to as the Non-Key Experts/ NKEs) • to assist in the training of commune councils, village chiefs, WSUGs and contractors as necessary to facilitate the implementation of the EMP and Environmental Code of Conduct. • assist the villages and commune councils to monitor the implementation of the environmental management plan (EMP) or Environmental Code of Conduct measures for each subproject components. • facilitate, monitor, and report on the functioning of the project grievance redress mechanism (GRM), including (i) inform the commune councils and other local agencies of their responsibilities under the GRM; (ii) document and track grievances received using the formats provided by the social safeguard specialist of the PIC; and (iii) prepare reports on progress of the GRM for inclusion in the semi-annual environmental monitoring and quarterly project progress reports to ADB. Provincial Project Team • ensure that all subproject designs are technically cleared by (PPT) relevant provincial technical departments particularly the 130

Entity Roles and responsibilities rural water supply and sanitation designs are approved by the PDRD and the PCU • assign a suitably qualified staff member to be the project Environmental Safeguards Officer (ESO) to supervise, coordinate and assist in the implementation of environmental safeguards in coordination with the Environmental and Climate Change Adaptation Specialist (ECCAS) and the Rural Water Supply Specialist of the PIC. • organize monthly coordination meetings at provincial level including environmental and social safeguards as one of the key agendas • report on compliance, issues, and recommendations for addressing issues to PCU on a regular basis Commune Council • Serve as the sub- project owner • Monitor delivery of infrastructure output against the approved plan • Ensure compliance of contractors on environmental and social safeguards • Mobilize communities for provision of the in-kind contribution as agreed in the Feasibility Study Report • Facilitate the implementation of the EMP and/or Environmental Code of Conduct at the community level • Promote community engagement, men, and women, in operation and maintenance of the infrastructure outputs, in monitoring of environmental and social safeguards Contractor • Develop and implement Simplified EMP for specific construction site to include ECoC and relevant regulations and guidelines which appear due to new events emerged and circumstance. • Ensure GRM be aware to publics especially local people and relevant stakeholders and willing AP’s concerns and environmental complains are effectively solved and immediately take actions to solve the problem and environmental issues. • Engagement EHS to deliver training and/or workshop on environment, safety and health; and monitoring and reporting the environmental compliance. • Ensure waste disposal, air and noise pollution are mitigated and proper management as stated in the ECoC • A compensation of losing fruit-trees and other structures belonging to private or public damaged due to the construction activities will be occurred if any grievance • Ensure the construction of all infrastructures and its system are completed with high quality standardized as schedule, framework and statements of the contract. • Ensure each Community pond is green, embankment soil compressed avoiding erosion and surrounding environment improved through tree-planting as stated in the ECoC.

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10. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT COSTS 224. The cost of implementation of the environmental management and impact mitigation measures listed in the ECoC matrix will be incorporated into the contract of the civil works and services. The environmental management cost will be included legal document, site preparation, construction and operation costs and monitoring activities as seen in Table below.

Table 90: Estimated Cost of the Environmental Management (this cost estimate is for all the 18 Subprojects under Batch 2)

Unit cost

No Phases/Activities Unit Qty Total

($US) Project

Community

contribution

responsibility

responsibility Contractors’

Pre-construction 1 Phase Share contractor contact details with local authority 1.1 Commune 18 30 540 540.00 leaders and effective GRM to publics (copy doc) Site visits & meeting with local authorities and villagers to discuss the CoC and determine exact 1.2 locations for the Meeting 18 210 3780 3,780.00 construction where there is none or minor adverse impact to environment and social safeguard. Sub-total 4,320 0 0 4,320.00 Construction 2 Phase Engage EHS Officer to provide training on 2.1 environment, Training 18 500 3000 6000 9,000.00 safety and health for workers and staff Install warning signs and safety equipment at sensitive areas to 2.2 Commune 18 100 1800 1,800.00 prevent local people from accident and endangers

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Unit cost

No Phases/Activities Unit Qty Total

($US) Project

Community

contribution

responsibility responsibility Contractors’

Solid waste management and disposal (daily collection program 2.3 day 540 3 1620 1,620.00 will be developed and implemented). 30 days per commune Dust pollution reduction during the excavated soil Lump 2.4 15 300 4500 4,500.00 transportation for Sum 15 community pond rehabilitation Hazard waste management relevant with fuel, oil spills (the 2.5 Training 18 200 3600 3,600.00 availability of sufficient spill kits and staff trained in their use). Install fences to 2.7 protect the Pond 15 800 12000 12,000.00 community ponds Install fences to drilled 2.8 protect the drilled 934 50 46700 46,700.00 well wells Planting 50 seedlings of trees, flowers, and 2.9 grasses to protect Pond 18 750 13500 13,500.00 the slopes and dikes around the ponds Compensation of 2.10 loss of crop and N/A Volunteer trees Water Quality Monitoring 2.11 81,760 (including laboratory testing) Sub-total 96,280 6,000 72,200 174,480 3 Operation Phase Algae and aquatic vegetation management for 3.2 Pond 15 100 1500 1,500.00 cleaning surface water and prevent the eutrophication Water Quality 3.3 Monitoring (two times) 50,000 Sub-total 0 50,000 1500 51,500.00 133

Unit cost

No Phases/Activities Unit Qty Total

($US) Project

Community

contribution

responsibility responsibility Contractors’

Grant Total 100,600 56,000.00 73,700.00 230,300

11. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING 225. To ensure that potential environmental adverse impacts are detected and addressed appropriately, environmental monitoring will be undertaken during project implementation stages. During construction, the key tasks are monitoring compliance with environmental mitigation measures in the ECoC, checking measures are adequately protecting environmentally sensitive receptors and adjusting as needed and carrying out consultations to confirm any issues and effectiveness of grievance redress mechanism.

226. The Provincial Project Team (PPT) of Provincial Department of Rural Development (PDRD) will be responsible for routine monitoring with oversight from the PCU and PIC. The PPT team includes safeguards experts and Community Development Officers are responsible for overseeing safeguards and grievance redress mechanism at the commune and village levels. ADB will undertake annual review missions to check safeguards compliance.

227. The frequency of water quality monitoring to be carried out during construction and operation phases. There are 16 parameters including pH, As, Cl, Cl-, F, Fe, Al, - - CaCO3, Pb, Mn, NO3 , NO2 , NH3, TDS, pH and Turbidity to be tested as per National Guidelines for Rural Drinking Water Quality, MRD, March 2020. The water and sanitation User group (WSUG) will be responsible for water quality monitoring during the operation stage. The Project Coordination Unit (PCU) shall develop reporting templates and devise simplified monitoring reports to be accomplished by the WSUG. The reports that completed by WSUG shall be submitted to the PDRD for consolidation and further submission to PCU.

228. The first and second SEMR integrated safeguards monitoring reports of the TRWSS-SDP have been approved and disclosed by the ADB. The SEMR integrated safeguards report for the first half of the year, covering the period January to June 2021 will be submitted to ADB in July 2021. The SEMR integrated environmental and social safeguards report will be attached with the results of the WQ analysis and a simple data collection form developed for community environmental monitoring during the construction and operation as examples. The construction contractor will be responsible for obtaining the results of WQ laboratory analysis during the construction. The simple data collection forms will be used to inspect the environmental impacts during the construction weekly and operation monthly.

12. LESSONS LEARNED FROM BATCH I SUBPROJECTS 229. Preliminary lessons learnt (for both design and implementation phases) of Batch 1 subprojects have been gathered both for specific as well as cross cutting issues. These lessons are expected to help the decision makers and the implementation units to prepare themselves to address similar issues well in advance and implement best

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practice at the project sites of Batch 2 subprojects. The project will address such lessons relative to design and implementation stages. The following Table summarizes Lessons Learned from Batch I Subprojects. The following Table summarizes Lessons Learned from Batch I Subprojects.

Table 91: Preliminary Environmental Lessons Learnt – Batch 1 Lessons learned / Issues Problem Details Remediation measures Design Stage Due to proposed locations of the Contact with Mine Clearance Unexploded Ordnance water supply facilities are located Agency and/or local authorities (UXO) within used land areas certificate to obtain certificate of UXO on UXO clearance was not clearance or letter confirming required for Batch 1. However, the site free of UXO presence. the certificate on UXO clearance This will be enacted prior to is required for all of the proposed bidding take place. facilities including water supply and sanitation. Grievance Redress The GRM committees were GRM committee must be Mechanism (GRM) established late. The civil work established for each subproject under the Batch 1 subproject (commune) before the civil work commenced in June 2020 and the start and awareness meeting GRM establishment started in and public disclosure would be November 2020. conducted to disseminate the procedure of the grievance redress and contact list of the committee members. Water quality of ground Water quality of the groundwater The TRWSSSDP is moving to water resources resource has been undertaken. ensure adequate testing of However, the result of the testing ground water sources is is late to obtain by the project conducted as per the ADB team which is a constraint for requirements. PCU should analysis of the results and enhance sample collection and reporting. laboratory testing to deliver the testing results on time. A primary testing kit should be available in sufficient number for PPT and district level authorities. In addition, the PMC / PIC needs to lend support in analysis of water quality in a timely fashion and ensure community uses are aware of water use and specific WASH implications of any given supply source. For the Batch II ponds in the 18 Potential hazards from It was reported that a number of feasibility studies, improved construction equipment the community ponds and drilled planning is required for and activities wells in Batch 1 went for periods construction contractor and local (particularly during construction) when there was a lack of fences community at the proposed or seals to protect them from ponds and drilled well sites and the support / advisory / pollution. supervision from the PPT and PCU, PIC is an additional pre- requisite for achieving this. A simplified Code of Conduct of the contractor and water supply Operation and Maintenance of 135

Lessons learned / Issues Problem Details Remediation measures the local community should be developed ready before the construction and operation phases. These plans should be approved by PCU with consultation of PIC and shared among all stakeholders especially sub-contractor, investigator, local authorities and PPT. Flooding In some cases, an inadequacy of For Batch 2 ponds, the following the dykes to prevent flood issues actions have been taken 1) was noted. Whilst the height of three ponds proposed in the dykes in all cases was Banteay Meanchey Province deemed sufficient, a lack of that are located on riverbeds proper compacting led to have been deemed infeasible for breaches and potential for rehabilitation and 2) pollution. specifications for ponds A lowland crossing small stream rehabilitation have included the was selected for construction of use of natural soil of the pond the community pond in Banteay bed and to remove the top soil Meanchey Province. This site was that usually contains composts impacted by flooding and erosion and soft soil. in the wet season. Normally the dykes around the Improved supervision of such ponds are designed to protect structures will be ensured to normal yearly flood (not for 10 prevent such issues resurfacing years or 25 circle flood). The soil in Batch II. used to build the dykes is excavated from the existing pond PCU/PPT must ensure the site which is not good soil for building selection criteria is applied for dykes that can resist water even identification and selection of the we have compacted it properly; location of the community ponds and drilled wells proposed for the construction and improvement. The selection criteria should be applied in line with EARF. Environmental expert and engineering officer should be involved with all steps of the design and monitoring. The Project has motivated the community to plant grasses around the pond including the dykes to minimize the erosion when it has heavy rain or floods and need to monitor that this is implemented. Workplace safety General issues include use and TRWSSSDP will ensure provision of PPE when monitoring and advise provided necessary. is pertinent to the location and work requirements. This More specific, the process of includes ensuring PPE is sending a person down a dug well provided and sufficient when is interpreted inconsistently, and required and having a clear not always enacted. Additionally, guideline (SOP) for the safety the safety of such standard measures when dug wells need practice requires review. to send a person down to ensure safety is paramount.

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Lessons learned / Issues Problem Details Remediation measures Implementation Stage Lack of Communication Contractor and sub- contractor - Regular community awareness raising sessions will be and awareness Raising communicated with local conducted to ensure the communities and local authorities community is aware of activities, especially PTTs, commune, and the implications they may village chiefs. encounter in their lives and the duration of such disturbance.

- It also should benefit the GRM allowing community members and local authorities alike the opportunity to raise any concerns about previous activities and potential concerns regarding new works being presented. - Warning signs, safety temporary fences and Signboards related with project information, procedure of Grievance Redress must be installed before or during the construction - Soil test would be implemented Erosion risks Some provinces reportedly used silt traps and other erosion to identify a suitable location for construction of community pond. Release of silt from protection measures including - Monitoring by the PPT will be construction operation deep-rooted grass species. increased hand in hand with Construction operations for ponds awareness of the contractors to only took place during the dry ensure silt traps or other days but is was observed that silt measures are used in all areas traps were not used as stated in where a risk of silt and / or EMP. erosion release exists.

- Other erosion prevention measures, including fast growing, deep rooted grass species (vetiver for e.g.) have been tried and are considered an alternative to silt traps/ Waste Management and Solid waste such as bottles, cans A general issue in rural Cambodia is the lack of Hazardous materials. and plastic materials were not properly disposed. This was adequate waste management facilities in the province. That observed around the camps and said, The TRWSSSDP needs to agricultural areas nearby the ensure work areas have proper ponds. Hazardous materials are facilities (waste bins etc.) to minimal. ensure cleanliness and prevent disease vectors. Disposal should be conducted in line with the safest local norms Improvements in design, Water quality During the construction phase implementation and monitoring water run-off from the will be the focus to prevent as construction works (esp. with pond construction) reportedly far as possible any repeat created temporary water quality occurrence. In addition, especially relevant to pond construction, is to construct only 137

Lessons learned / Issues Problem Details Remediation measures issues. This was particularly during the dry season months to pertinent with pond construction. reduce risks of such contamination. There were old trucks used for Contractor and sub-contractor the excavation of the borrow pits must have a proper mobile toilet of the community ponds and Lack and container/storage that can of proper storage of fuel and other be used for better management engine oils. of the liquid waste and ensure the discharge into the permitted site. Conditions around the Fencing around facilities improves TTRWSSSDDR can better facilities (specifically the the functionality, cleanliness, support awareness raising to reservoirs / ponds) but safety and beautifications of the villagers and local authorities on around wells, pumps and installations for the benefit of the water issues and encouraging tap stands. entire community. It is the community to responsible for responsibility of the villagers and tree planting and fencing the local authorities on water issues water supply facilities. to enact tree planting and fencing

around the water supply facilities for these purposes.

It is noted in Batch I that there is room for improvement in this area.

In order to address this, the COVID-19 Preventions Whilst the Batch I subprojects Environment Team of the and management largely escaped COVID-19 PCU/PIC took the pro-active impacts, the reality during the first measure and have developed a quarter of 2021 in Cambodia is a different landscape requiring COVID-19 checklist which will more stringent measures. be incorporated into control and contract documents to check ensure proper measures are implemented to protect both workers and the community alike.

General cross-cutting points: 230. UXO / Landmines: During the feasibility and due diligence process, it has become clear the TRWSSSDP must improve coordination and monitoring of UXO / Landmines if there is an issue in any of the project locations. This includes: 1. Ensuring the checks are made by the PCU with the appropriate regulatory authority (CMAC) in the province to check maps of locations and clearance records relative to the locations. 2. For the PIC, the need is to check the regulations of the Royal Government of Cambodia relating to clearance. Specifically relative to UXO, safety is a concern as land is cleared for specific purposes (different depths) which may mean a risk remains. Additionally, if substantial time has passed, munitions from lower down, missed by a clearance operation, may raise close to the surface creating a risk.

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3. In all cases, TRWSSSDP must follow the advisory of the regulatory authority in the area relative to safety and clearance. 231. Grievance Redress Mechanism (GRM): the fact that both Semi-Annual reports for 2020 (Environmental and Social Monitoring) report that there were NO grievances were raised, indicates that TRWSSSDP will be best served checking the functionality and efficacy of the GRM and fine-tune if required. As the project is designed to provide much needed services to these communities in 10 provinces, the GRM still serves a purpose to ensure that the projects are implemented as efficiently as possible and in the community interest. Gender: Whilst the WSUG established indicate broadly 50% women membership, reports indicate that the decision-making capacity of these women remains low and they, hence, tend to take a back seat and allow men to make the decisions. The TRWSSSDP will assess ways that capacity can be improved and the cultural restraints relative to gender in rural Cambodia are not an obstacle. Strengthening women leadership has been

13. CONCLUSION 232. The need for improved sanitation, hygiene, and access to clean and sufficient water in rural Cambodia remains a challenge and is one which the TRWSS-SDP being implemented by the Ministry of Rural Development is striving to meet. The TRWSS- SDP aims to improve the health and quality of life for 640,000 people through improved access to safe water supply, elimination of open defecation and equitable and sustained access to improved sanitation and hygiene practices

233. Based on the environmental safeguard assessment, the following conclusions can be drawn.

234. The sub-projects can be classified as Category C because most of the environmental impacts have been assessed as insignificant, minimal impacts and easily or readily mitigated as summarized below • The sub-projects have selected only existing community ponds for rehabilitation and the proposed ponds are located beyond residential areas and not likely to impact on the settlement nor on biodiversity. In one village, only one proposed existing community pond will be rehabilitated. • The average size of each proposed community pond is about 0.32 hectares. It is not extensive. Each pond will provide water supply for up to 150 households, hence bringing benefit to the local communities. • The screenings have confirmed no or little environmental adverse impacts which are easy to mitigate. For instance, in addition to being used for the embankments, the excavated soil for deepening the community ponds will be used by the local community to fill their lowlands for housing, free of charge. Normally local communities have to pay for getting their low land filled. • Each proposed community pond and proposed new drilled wells has been investigated and assessed with every detailed and liable methods to identify status of biodiversity, environmental conditions and to demarcate the proposed boundaries of the community pond and locations of the drilled wells. • No ecologically significant areas and cultural/historical areas are located in or

139

around thus no impacts due to any of the 7 proposed sites. Areas of significant biodiversity or threatened flora and fauna were strictly avoided in selection of locations • Drilled wells will require a modest size of land for their locations, 25 m2 each. The wells that are constructed within one village will be located far away from one another • No big trees and no endangered species of flora and fauna have been found on the site. However, common species of birds might occur sometime at the proposed community pond sites for which located far from the village. • Most of the environmental impacts have been assessed as insignificant, minimal impacts and easily or readily mitigated. Environmental impact management and mitigation measures are addressed and will be activated through the implementation of the Environmental Code of Conduct, and these will be regularly and rigorously checked in the environmental monitoring program. 235. The main risks of these subprojects include:

236. The institutional capacity, at the provincial level and below, in monitoring environmental impacts and implementing the ECoC during the construction and operational stages. This risk will be mitigated by i) providing training in environmental management under the Project ii) additional visits to the subprojects by the Environmental and Climate Change Adaptation Specialists of the PCU and PIC, iii) strengthening project implementation monitoring systems.

237. The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic that could affect the plan for timely completion of the subproject activities as well as opportunities for regular and close monitoring of compliance with the environmental mitigation measures. This will be mitigated by ensuring compliance with the COVID-19 prevention guidelines of the Ministry of Health. A checklist for quick reference of the key measures has been developed and presented in Annex I.

238. The Environmental Code of Conduct has been developed for the design and pre-construction phase, construction, and operational stages of the subprojects. It is an appropriate environmental safeguarding for the planned works. The ECoC includes institutional responsibilities and costs for implementing the mitigation measures and the monitoring requirements.

239. Regular monitoring and reporting of the compliance of the sub-projects with the environmental mitigation measures and overall environmental safeguard will be conducted by the PCU TRWSS-SDP in each of the subprojects and with support from the PIC team.

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ANNEX 1: Environmental Code of Conduct (ECOC)

Potential Nature of Significa Durati Mitigation Cost Who Who Impacts Impacts nce on Measures (US$) Implement Supervi and Issues se

1. Pre-construction/ Site Selection and Design

Sub-project Increased D21 Long Design of Design - PIC - PCU is potentially temperature term appropriate Cost impacted by may lead to subproject - Contractor - PIC future increased facilities to climate water ensure CCA

change requirement and DRM will and be increased incorporated rainfall in into all the wet structure of the season and facilities. These intensity of include; rainfall location events that selections on will affect higher land water users areas not and prone to possibility flooding, to damage increased size of of bunds infrastructur around pond e. facilities etc.

Extraction Proposed D4 Ongoin Design Design - PIC - PCU planning community g appropriate Cost and ponds/wells type of the supported - Contractor - PIC needs to be water supply by ECCA matched facilities with and SS

with water sufficient specialists availability allocations for the local agreed by CC people all and PCU and year round. approved by ADB before procurement and construction implementation

Site Accessing D4 Ongoin Land for Design - PPT - PCU Selection to the g construction of Cost and location/Sit water supply supported - Commune - Monitor e and uses facilities should by ECCA chief ed by of water be the and SS PIC supply community specialists facilities will property or - Contractor increase privately and may owned land create plots that land conflicts owners agreed among user to contribute groups for the public uses. A certificate

1 A range of numbers is used ranging from: D1 = little significance to D4 = significant impact. Annex Page - I

Potential Nature of Significa Durati Mitigation Cost Who Who Impacts Impacts nce on Measures (US$) Implement Supervi and Issues se should be obtained and kept by the project and commune office.

The established WSUG will mediate on any conflicts relative to water demand and use to ensure equitable distribution once the systems are operational.

Increased D2 Short Verify with Design - PIC - PCU/P rainfall term environment Cost and PT intensity and social supported - PCU/PPT and rainfall safeguards to by ECCA events ensure the and SS during the locations of the specialists - Commune wet season facilities are Chief may cause appropriate flooding (located in high that ground and not damages flooded) and/or prevents For safety access to ensure works proposed are halted sites. during heavy rainfall events.

The borrow D1 Short Prepare Constructi - Contractor - PCU/P pits/ term construction on cost PT excavation plan to and will be included environm - Monitor involved with ECoC, ental ed by extensive emergency managem PIC/NK vehicle plan related ent cost E movements with site , removal of environment, Construction spoils, identification of planning vegetation sensitive and during receptors and installation vegetation to of the new be conserved, supply health and system safety plan, which will including impact prevention of upon the COVID-19 daily lives of transmission in people in compliance the with the commune. guidelines of

Annex Page - II

Potential Nature of Significa Durati Mitigation Cost Who Who Impacts Impacts nce on Measures (US$) Implement Supervi and Issues se the Ministry of Health,

It will be submitted prior to civil work commencemen t and approved by the PCU / PIC.

Incorporate The D4 Short Prepare the Design - PIC - PCU environment mitigation term environmental Cost al measures just section that - PCU managemen of this before includes t into ECoC bidding environment contract needs to be protection: document given power water, soil and so that they air; to be will be inserted in the carried out. terms of reference for bidders bidding of the construction.

Regular monitoring in line with these contractually binding requirements by the PCU onsite with support from the PIC

Non- Quality of D2 Long Final technical Included - PMU/PPIU - PCU/P compliance all facility Term design of the in the PT of the installations subproject’s project - Monitor technical will outputs should cost by: PIC - Commu design to incorporate take into (Environm ne chief applicable where account as the ent national and appropriate: followings: Specialist) international guidelines (i) energy (i) constructi - Commune efficien on Chief t specificati principl ons to es and incorporat detailin e energy g, efficient principles (ii) locatio and n such technical that specificati there on to will be withstand minima increase l in vulnera uncharact bility to eristic flash storm Annex Page - III

Potential Nature of Significa Durati Mitigation Cost Who Who Impacts Impacts nce on Measures (US$) Implement Supervi and Issues se floodin events; g, (ii) follow (iii) specifi further ed to applicable withsta rules and nd regulation potenti s on al structural impact integrity of of building increas structure. e in high (iii) structure velocity pertinent winds to the and relevant storms. locations and subject and CC potential impacts.

Existing on- At the D1 Short Identify and Included - PCU/PPT - PCU/P site construction term implement the in the PT vegetation sites which protection contract - Monitor by are covered measures cost PIC - Commu with including (Environme ne vegetation fencing, soil ntal Chief will be protection, and Specialist)/ designated pruning if NKE for necessary. protection and - Commune inclusion in Chief the finished site should - Contractors be identified.

Unexploded Project D1 Short Contact with No cost - PCU/PPT - PCU/P Ordnance works will term Mine included PT (UXO) take place Clearance - Commune in areas Agency and/or chief - Monitor where have local ed by already authorities to PIC been used obtain by the certificate of

communitie UXO clearance s (existing or letter ponds) confirming the thus, it is site free of not likely to UXO presence. have a This will be significant enacted prior UXO risk. to civil works undertaken

Protected The D1 Short Project sitting Included - PCU/PPT - PCU/P areas subproject time should not in the PT is located inside or contract - Commune outside all adjacent to the Annex Page - IV

Potential Nature of Significa Durati Mitigation Cost Who Who Impacts Impacts nce on Measures (US$) Implement Supervi and Issues se of the protected cost chief known areas or having protected approval from - Contractor areas. The the competent s surrounding authorities who land use is are responsible - PIC dominated for protected by paddy areas field and management domestic and homes. conservation. Thus, the potential impact on local ecological features is not envisaged. Building footprint will cover a small land area.

Fish May be not D1 Short Identify and Include in - PCU/PPT - PCU/P migration significant term establish a fish the PT although pass or contract existing adequate cost - Monitor community corridor for - Contractor ed by ponds have aquatic lives to s NKE/PI been for the migrate if the C rehabilitatio site located n and new nearby - Commune construction channels or Chief for drilled water way. wells. and there is a risk of flow being halted.

If a river or stream was prevented from flowing for a significant time, a temporary diversion channel should be used.

Encroachme Not D1 Short The proposed Include in - PCU/PPT - PCU/P nt of significant Term sites will be out contract PT precious of protected cost - PIC/NKE ecological and - Monitor areas. conservation ed by areas and thus - Contractor s NKE/PI activities will C not have any significant - Commune impact, but Chief should issues arise during

Annex Page - V

Potential Nature of Significa Durati Mitigation Cost Who Who Impacts Impacts nce on Measures (US$) Implement Supervi and Issues se construction or operation planning will ensure environmental considerations will be taken into account.

Historical/cu Historical or D1 N/A Discuss with N/A - Contractor - PPT/N ltural cultural local people s KE monuments monuments and commune and values might not authority to find - Commu (Agricultural be located the best way ne areas/dome in the not to disturb Chief stic trees) proposed or damage to site. important However, a areas including few agricultural proposed areas and big sites maybe trees and/or located domestic trees near important To avoid any areas and adverse big trees. impact, the construction vehicle speed must be limited to reduce dust during construction equipment transportation

Funeral There are D1 N/A N/A N/A - PCU/ - PCU/P areas no funeral PPT PT areas within the - PIC - Commu proposed ne chief site.

GRM GRM is D4 Short- - To inform Contract - Contr - PCU implementat established term local people cost actor ion to fulfill gap and relevant of the stakeholders - PCU/ existing through public PPT mechanism disclosure and and legal consultation framework meeting about but in the GRM, general this especially not be GRM aware of committees the local and flow chart community of the problem and APs. solution and timeframe.

- Install GRM signboards at Annex Page - VI

Potential Nature of Significa Durati Mitigation Cost Who Who Impacts Impacts nce on Measures (US$) Implement Supervi and Issues se each construction site and project information leaflets distribution.

2. During the Construction

Existing Damage to D2 Short - Identify all Include in - PCU - PCU/P vegetation existing term big trees and contract PT and trees in vegetation important (bidding - PPT or nearby and big species for package) - Monitor the trees can planning to ed by construction occur by protect and - Contractor s NKE/PI areas. vehicles, prevent the C machinery, damage due to from during ignorance the of workers. construction period.

- Appropriate fencing and where necessary pruning to shape should occur.

- To minimize the tree cutting as much as possible.

- Workers to be trained as necessary to not disturb natural habitats.

Dust & Adverse D2 Short Contractors Include in - PCU/PPT - PCU/P material environmen Term shall prepare a contract PT Transportati tal impact dust control (bidding - PIC/NKE on will occur plan that package) - Monitor during the should include ed by construction 1) spraying - Contractor s NKE/PI phase but is water where C not likely dry materials significant. are handled, Dry material crushed and handling transported and and both transports construction will also sites and generate roads; 2) large vehicle amounts of covered to dust. reduce spills and dust; 3) Annex Page - VII

Potential Nature of Significa Durati Mitigation Cost Who Who Impacts Impacts nce on Measures (US$) Implement Supervi and Issues se material stockpiles and concrete mixing equipment equipped with dust shrouds.

Dust from Adverse D2 Short Regularly Include in - PCU/P construction environmen Term spray water on contract PT works tal impact is bared earth at (bidding - PCU often the package) - Monitor occurred construction - Contractor ed by during the zone during s NKE construction construction phase but is activities. not likely significant.

Air pollution Adverse D2 Short - Vehicles and In contract - PCU/PPT - PCU/P and noise environm Term equipment of a PT ental emission contractor - PIC/NKE impact can cause s bidding - Monitor could air and noise package ed by occur pollution. - Contractor s NKE/PI during the Thus, C constructi vehicles and on phase equipment - Commune in case of are Chief improper maintained constructi to meet on Cambodian managem emission ent but is and noise not likely standards. significant . - Construction in distance of 100 m from village or town must be limited not at lunch hours and night time.

- Equipment & vehicles will be maintained to a high standard to ensure efficient running and fuel-burning. High- horsepower equipment will be provided with tail gas purifiers.

Annex Page - VIII

Potential Nature of Significa Durati Mitigation Cost Who Who Impacts Impacts nce on Measures (US$) Implement Supervi and Issues se

- Work activities will only take place during daylight hours.

Noise Noise D2 Short At night Include in - PCU/PPT - PCU/P impacts on caused by Term construction contract PT sensitive the activities within (bidding - PIC/NKE receivers concentra 300 m from package) - Monitor tion of local residents ed by machinery shall be strictly - Contractor s NKE/PI working in prohibited. C one area, During plus daytime, the - Commune haulage contractors will Chief vehicle ensure that the traffic, can sites for cause a concrete- range of mixing plants impacts and similar from activities will be nuisance located at least to health 500 m away problems. from Noise residences and near school. schools, Additionally, health temporary anti- centres, noise barriers and will be installed temples to shield can sensitive disrupt receptors normal within 50 m of services. the construction site.

Haulage of heavy equipment shall be routed away from populated areas / schools etc. and only take place during daylight hours

Erosion The D2 Short Erosion control Include in - PCU/PPT - PCU/P impacts constructi Term includes: contract PT ons will (bidding - PIC/NKE require - Limiting package) - Monitor earthwork construction - Contractor ed by s which and material s NKE/PI will leave handling C erodible during surfaces periods of - Commune especially Chief in heavy Annex Page - IX

Potential Nature of Significa Durati Mitigation Cost Who Who Impacts Impacts nce on Measures (US$) Implement Supervi and Issues se rain rains and periods. high winds

- Stabilizing all cut slopes, embankment s and other erosion- prone working areas while works are going on.

- Installing sand trap to prevent soil erosion from the slopes of the constructing ponds.

- All earthwork disturbance areas shall be stabilized within 30 days after earth works have completed.

- The construction shall be done in the dry season

- Rivers. Streams and natural water bodies will be protected by bunds if there is a risk of erosion contaminatio n.

Water Water D4 Short - Provide $81,760.0 - Contractor - PPT Quality quality is term training and 0 the most collect water - PIC important samples for monitor for Water laboratory Supply both analysis surface once during water and the ground construction water to be monitored Annex Page - X

Potential Nature of Significa Durati Mitigation Cost Who Who Impacts Impacts nce on Measures (US$) Implement Supervi and Issues se at all phases of the project especially during the construction , operation.

Solid waste Solid waste D2 Short - Every camp Include in - PCU/PPT - PCU/P generated can create Term and work site contract PT from the nuisance should be (bidding - PIC/NKE construction and bad clean during package) - Monitor camps and odor, stay and - Contractor ed by work sites. encourage before s NKE/PI disease closing the C vectors camp or (such as finished - Commune flies and construction Chief rats), block at the site. drainage system and - Contractors hazard to will provide environmen sufficient t. Hence, garbage bins sufficient at strategic garbage locations at containers the camps. are to be provided in - Emptied construction regularly camps and (using the at work site, nearest and be township emptied licensed daily, the solid waste waste being system and disposed of landfill). in an approved dump site. - Any excess soil will be made available to nearby communities for use for construction of bunds etc.,

- Excess water will not be discharged directly onto the surrounding area, it shall be properly diverted to water channels to prevent localized Annex Page - XI

Potential Nature of Significa Durati Mitigation Cost Who Who Impacts Impacts nce on Measures (US$) Implement Supervi and Issues se water ponding and flooding.

Occupationa - Some D3 Short - Sufficient In contract - PCU/PPT - PCU/P l health and workers Term signage giving of a PT safety will be health and contractor - PIC/NKE recruited safety bidding - Monitor for warnings and package ed by constructi information - Contractor s NKE/PI on disclosure at all C activities sites and - Commune workers' - Conduct daily Chief camp will toolbox be meetings construct (safety ed. briefings) These -Contractor will shall appoint include an non- Environment, skilled Health and workers, Safety (EHS) operators Officer who is and qualified drivers engineer as well as - Adequate first surveyor aid equipment s and will be made constructi available on on site superviso rs. Since - Workers the works should wear will be protection relatively equipment small during works to scale and ensure that expected they are safe to be and good complete health. d within one-year, large - A contractor numbers should develop of a guideline on workers working are not mechanism, expected health and . safety during construction. Manager - Workers should educate are his workers on subject to health and safety safety hazards projection. while operating and/or Measures to moving ensure around occupational machiner health and Annex Page - XII

Potential Nature of Significa Durati Mitigation Cost Who Who Impacts Impacts nce on Measures (US$) Implement Supervi and Issues se y, as well safety will as dust include: and noise - Contractors impacts are required from by the extended Commune exposure Council to s at the ensure that work site. their workers and other staff engaged in the proposed construction s are in a safe environment.

- Make sure all electricity equipment are safe and keep the firefighting in place.

- In high-risk sites, contractors must ensure PPE is supplied and used by all construction workers and individuals accessing the sites.

- All reasonable steps are taken to protect any person on the site from health and safety risks.

- Construction sites are safe and healthy workplaces.

- Machineries and equipment are safe.

Annex Page - XIII

Potential Nature of Significa Durati Mitigation Cost Who Who Impacts Impacts nce on Measures (US$) Implement Supervi and Issues se

- Adequate training or instruction for occupational health and safety is provided.

- Qualified electricians take charge of all solar panel installations to avoid any risk of electrocution .

- Adequate supervision of safe work systems is implemented .

- Means of access to and egress from the site are without risk to health and safety.

COVID-19 D2 Short - Plan and Contract - Contractor - PCU/P Pandemic term execute Cost/ PT and other work in Project - PCU/PPTs diseases compliance Cost - Monitor transmission with country- - PIC ed by specific NKE/PI COVID-19 C risk managemen t regulations and directives.

- COVID-19 Prevention Checklist as seen in Annex 2 below will be used as part of the work plan implementat ion.

Annex Page - XIV

Potential Nature of Significa Durati Mitigation Cost Who Who Impacts Impacts nce on Measures (US$) Implement Supervi and Issues se

- Appoint a EHSO to conduct COVID-19 awareness raising and training on prevention of the transmission of COVID-19 and other diseases.

- Assign EHSO to oversee the ECoC/ EMP implementati on related to environment, occupational health and safety at construction sites.

- Disseminati on about COVID-19 prevention and mitigation measures to staff and workers through orientation or distributing leaflet/poste r at information/ safety board at each construction and camp site;

- Complying with any Laws and instructions announced by Ministry of Health accordingly – see also the check list attached to the CoC

Annex Page - XV

Potential Nature of Significa Durati Mitigation Cost Who Who Impacts Impacts nce on Measures (US$) Implement Supervi and Issues se on this prevention

Conflict Some D2 Short - A contractor In contract of - PCU/PPT - PCU/P workers Term should a PT will be develop a contractor - PIC/NKE recruited guideline on bidding - Monitor for staff package ed by constructio managemen - Contractor s NKE/PI n activities t and policy. C & workers' camp may - Manager - Commune be should Chief constructe educate his d for non- workers to skilled avoid any workers, conflict operators which may and drivers happen in as well as advance. surveyors and - Contractor constructio have to work n closely with supervisor commune s. Since chief and the works commune will be council by relatively regularly small scale communicati and on and expected inform to be completed within one- year, large numbers of workers are not expected. However, conflict could be expected.

Pollution Leakage of D2 Mediu - Secure Include in - Contractor - PCU/P caused fuel, spills of fuel m storage of all contract s PT black oil and and Term toxic and (bidding construction lubricants hazardous package) - Commu materials that may materials ne chief contaminat including e soil, fuel and surface black oil and - Monitor water and hazard ed by groundwate materials. NKE/PI r. The C impact is - Potential for temporary, used oil re- as the risk use at high will be temperature confined to incinerators the should be construction

Annex Page - XVI

Potential Nature of Significa Durati Mitigation Cost Who Who Impacts Impacts nce on Measures (US$) Implement Supervi and Issues se period. assessed and used.

- Provide sanitation arrangement s at work sites, to avoid no raw sewage released into drains or streams.

- Maintenance of vehicles and plant in sound operable condition, preventing oil leakages and excessive exhaust emissions.

- Vehicle machinery and equipment maintenance and re- fuelling will be done without allowing spilled materials to seep into soil;

- Fuel storage and refilling areas located > 50 m from water sources and protected by temporary bunds to contain spills.

Changes in Any stage Develop - PPTs - PCU design/sites EMP of construction - Commune site or chief update the ECoC to include - Contractor assessment of s Annex Page - XVII

Potential Nature of Significa Durati Mitigation Cost Who Who Impacts Impacts nce on Measures (US$) Implement Supervi and Issues se impacts and appropriate mitigation measures for any changes in sites or design.

3. During Operation

Solid waste - Solid D3 Long - Encourage Included - Contractor - PCU/P waste will term proper waste in Project s PT be segregation, Cost generate collection - WSUG/VD - Monitor d during and C ed by the disposal. NKE/PI operation Bio-digestion C especiall into gas and - Commune y sludge composting Chief from program is treatment recommend plant and ed, and waste training of from community water and users beneficiaries in use is part of program.

- Work closely with competency authority to identify the disposal areas for solid waste.

Water Water D3 Long - Conduct $50,000.0 - WSUG - PPT Quality quality is Term monthly 0 Monitoring very direct - CC/Village - PCU important observation Chief for Water to identify Supply both physical - PIC for surface water quality - NKE monitor water and ground - Collect - PPT water to be water monitored samples for all phases Water of the Quality Test project ( at least 6 especially parameters) during the twice per construction year. and operation

Conflict of This will D3 Long - It should be Included - PCU/PPT - PCU/P water and occur term avoidable in Project PT utilization between with support Cost - PIC/NKE water users - Monitor and water ed by Annex Page - XVIII

Potential Nature of Significa Durati Mitigation Cost Who Who Impacts Impacts nce on Measures (US$) Implement Supervi and Issues se users or of WSUG or NKE/PI between committee. - Contractor C villagers s and - Training villagers. program for - Commune good service Chief providers should be also provided.

Conflict of These D2 Mediu - Establish Included - PCU - PCU/P interests issues will m time WSUGs in in Project PT and facilities occur the selected Cost - PPT/NKE utilization between villages. - Assiste customers - Commune d by and - The Chief NKE/PI workers or WSUGs. C staff if Should improper ensure manageme equitable nt, and access and between appropriate villager and water use. villager among the - There must community ensure that members households are provided with guidance on the correct operation of the subprojects to avoid the risk of damage and improper use of the facilities

Floods and Floods and D3 Long - Discuss with Included - PCU/PPT - PCU/P extreme other term local people in Project PT weather extreme especially Cost - PIC/NKE events weather beneficiaries - Monitor events will and ed by potentially village/com - Contractor s NKE/PI damage the mune C subproject authorities to facilities. select - Commune locations of Chief proposed facilities for new construction where are not subject to annual flooding.

- Fill lowlands and compact Annex Page - XIX

Potential Nature of Significa Durati Mitigation Cost Who Who Impacts Impacts nce on Measures (US$) Implement Supervi and Issues se or concrete surroundings if location of the drilled wells in lowlands to raise the floor up to maximum of flood exceeding and to prevent the contaminatio n

- Ensure dykes around the community pond are firmly compacted with good quality of the soil and plant long rooted- grasses

Occupation, Most D2 On - The capacity Included - PCU/PPT - PCU/P health and members of going and in Cost of PT safety the awareness bidding - PIC/NKE community on utilization - Monitor will use and and ed by maintain maintenance - Contractor s NKE/PI the electric of equipment C equipment must be in building, provided to - Commune dryer, operator and Chief workshop, community etc. members.

COVID-19 D4 Mediu - Develop Project - Communit - PPT/P Pandemic m term work plan Cost and y DRD and execute communit works in y - Commune/ - PIC compliance village monitor with country- chiefs ing specific COVID-19 - PPT risk management regulations and directives

- COVID-19 Prevention Checklist as seen in Annex 2

Annex Page - XX

Potential Nature of Significa Durati Mitigation Cost Who Who Impacts Impacts nce on Measures (US$) Implement Supervi and Issues se below will be used as part of the work plan implementing.

Increasing The D4 Long Strengthen Cost in - PCU/PPT - PCU/P safe water improved Term capacity of training PT and hygiene good local people packages - PIC/NKE for local services especially and - Monitor people and beneficiaries capacity ed by manageme and local building - Contractor s NKE/PI nt will authorities for C enable the water supply communitie management, - Commune s to DRM and CCA. Chief manage the water supply and sanitation.

Employment Through the D1 Long Strengthen Cost in - PCU/PPT - PCU/P water Term capacity of training PT supply and WSUG and packages - PIC/NKE sanitation local authority and - Monitor improvemen for problem capacity ed by t activities solution, building - Contractor s NKE/PI and local management C incomes, in and migrant maintenance of - Commune employment the water Chief will benefit supply and local sanitation communitie systems. s who will migrate for job. Additionally, some of migrant employment will return home for improving their livelihoods and will have a chance to find a job at the locality.

Annex Page - XXI

ANNEX 2: COVID-19 Prevention Checklist

To prevent/against with COVID-19, some measures are needed to be Yes No implemented as below: Dissemination about COVID-19 prevention and mitigation measures to staff and workers through orientation or distributing leaflet/poster at information/safety board at each construction and camp site; Daily checking temperature of staff and workers prior starting or entering construction areas Staff and workers have to wear masks all the time and properly; Do not share personal items or supplies such as phones, pens, notebooks, tools, etc.; Avoid common physical greetings, such as handshakes; Maintain a minimum physical distance of one meter from others if possible; Wash hands often with soap and water for at least 20 seconds after using the washroom, before handling food, after blowing nose, coughing, or sneezing, and before smoking. If hands are not visibly soiled, and soap and water are unavailable, All offices and jobsites implement additional cleaning measures of common areas. All door handles, railings, ladders, switches, controls, eating surfaces, shared tools and equipment, taps, toilets, and personal workstation areas are wiped down at least twice a day with a disinfectant, such as disinfectant wipes. Individuals are responsible for cleaning and disinfecting their workstations; Commonly touched surfaces on vehicles and equipment are thoroughly cleaned and disinfected at the end of shifts and between users; Coughing or sneezing into a tissue or the bend of your arm, not your hand; And dispose of any tissues you have used as soon as possible in a lined waste basket and wash your hands afterwards; Complying with any instructions announced by Ministry of Health accordingly;

Response Measures : Possible cases of COVID-19 Individuals who have been potentially exposed to the virus, or who are exhibiting flu-like symptoms such as fever, tiredness, coughing, or congestion are instructed to: 1) Not come to work; 2) Contact their supervisor and/or human resources department; 3) Stay at home and self-isolate; and 4) Contact local health authorities for further direction

Such individuals are required to follow the directions of the local health authority and may not return to work until given approval by the proper health authorities; Individual who begins to display flu-like symptoms on site are instructed to avoid touching anything, take extra care to contain coughs and sneezes, and return home immediately to undergo self-isolation as directed by the local health authority; All areas on site potentially infected by a confirmed or probable case are barricaded to keep individuals two meters away until the area is properly cleaned and disinfected. Monitoring Contractor (Environment, Safety and Health Officer at each site) is to conduct daily monitoring (frequency to be determined based on a project scale and scope) to verify that the appropriate measures have been implemented and are maintained. And monitoring result has to reflect in monthly progress report to Consultants. Environmental Specialist of PCU will instruct and monitor the site and reflect in environmental monitoring reports to PIC as well as ADB.

Annex Page - XXII

ANNEX 3: Official Letter of the Ministry of Environment

Annex Page - XXIII

Annex Page - XXIV

ANNEX 4: Conceptual Standard Structures of Water Supply and Sanitation Facilities

Annex Page - XXV

Annex Page - XXVI

Annex Page - XXVII

ANNEX 5: REA Checklists and Photographs

Samples of REA Checklist of the Community Pond Rehabilitation

Note : Results of this assessment have been presented in Table 78

Annex Page - XXVIII

Annex Page - XXIX

Annex Page - XXX

Annex Page - XXXI

Annex Page - XXXII

Annex Page - XXXIII

Annex Page - XXXIV

Annex Page - XXXV

Annex Page - XXXVI

Annex Page - XXXVII

List of Attendance in the Consultation Meeting on REA Checklist Completion for Proposed Rehabilitation of Community Pond held on 24 December 2020 at Lve Village, Krang Snay Commune, Chhouk District, Kampot Province (from page XXXVIII to XLI)

Annex Page - XXXVIII

Annex Page - XXXIX

Annex Page - XL

Annex Page - XLI

Samples of REA Checklist of the Proposed Drilled Well Construction/Rehabilitation

Note : Results of this assessment have been presented in table 79

Annex Page - XLII

Annex Page - XLIII

Annex Page - XLIV

Annex Page - XLV

Annex Page - XLVI

Annex Page - XLVII

Annex Page - XLVIII

Annex Page - XLIX

Annex Page - L

Annex Page - LI

Annex Page - LII

List of Attendants in the Consultation Meeting on REA Checklist Completion for Proposed Drilled Wells held on 20 January 2021 at Chrach Village, Chrach commune, Chey Sen District, Preah Vihear Province (from page LIII to LVI)

Annex Page - LIII

Annex Page - LIV

Annex Page - LV

Annex Page - LVI

Photographs of Community Ponds and Participatory Demarcations

1. Peuk Community Pond, Peuk Village, Putrea Commune, Chey Sen District, Preah Vihear Province (UTM: 528459/1494039)

2. Chrach Community Pond, Chrach Village, Chrach Commune, Chey Sen District, Preah Vihear Province (UTM:. 546235/1506547)

3. Domnak Trach Community Pond in Dambouk Rung Commune, Kampong Speu Province

4. Boundary Demarcation of Dambouk Rung Community Pond, Dambouk Rung Annex Page - LVII

Commune, KSP

5. Boundary Demarcation of Mean Chey Community Pond, Dambouk Rung Commune, KSP

6. Proposed Community Pond at Lve Village, Krang Snay Commune, Chhouk District, Kampot Province

Annex Page - LVIII

7. . Proposed Community Pond in Touch Village, Krang Snay Commune, Chhouk District, Kampot Province

Annex Page - LIX

Samples of the Proposed Drilled Well Rehabilitation and Demarcation of Proposed Drilled Well Locations for New Construction

Drilled Wells (3) for Rehabilitation in Chrach Village, Chrach Commune, Preah Vihear Province (PVH)

1.UTM: 545223-1505480 2. UTM: 546245-1506664 3. UTM: 546217-1506971

Drilled Well for Rehabilitation (4) in Badewat Village, Chrach Commune, PVH.

Public School Public School UTM: 541334-1504719 UTM: 551137-1504630 UTM: 541055 -1504733

Drilled Well for Rehabilitation (4) in Chamreun Phal Village, Chrach Commune, PVH.

UTM: 545148-1504303 UTM (Pagoda): UTM: 545425-1504213 545250-1504141

Annex Page - LX

Samples of the Demarcation of the Proposed Locations for Drilled Well Construction in Kampong Lpov Village, Kampong Lpov Commune, Samlot District, Battambang Province

Samples of the Demarcation of the Proposed Locations for Drilled Well Construction in O’ Kroch Village, Kampong Lpov Commune, Samlot District, Battambang Province

Annex Page - LXI