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Montirani Procesi Protiv Kosovskih Albanaca PROTIV (1999-2001) KOSOVSKIH ALBANACA (1999-2001)

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Montirani Procesi Protiv Kosovskih Albanaca PROTIV (1999-2001) KOSOVSKIH ALBANACA (1999-2001) Lista albanskih zatvorenika Biblioteka SVEDOČANSTVA FAHRI MUSLIU MONTIRANIFahri Musliu PROCESIMontirani procesi protiv kosovskih Albanaca PROTIV (1999-2001) KOSOVSKIH ALBANACA (1999-2001) Izdavanje knjige fi nansijski je pomogao Fond za otvoreno društvo u Srbiji 1 Montirani procesi Biblioteka SVEDOČANSTVA – N0 28 Fahri Musliu Montirani procesi protiv kosovskih Albanaca (1999-2001) IZDAVAČ: Helsinški odbor za ljudska prava u Srbiji i autor ZA IZDAVAČA: Sonja Biserko UREDNIK: Seška Stanojlović RECENZENTI: Filip David i Rajko Danilović LEKTURA I KOREKTURA: Angelina Mišina Marica Marić PRELOM: Dejana Gajić KORICE: Ivan Hrašovec ŠTAMPA: “Zagorac”, Beograd 2007. TIRAŽ: 600 ISBN- 2 Lista albanskih zatvorenika »V e r i t a s v o s l i b e r a b i t« (Istina će vas osloboditi) Ovu knjigu posvećujem svim žrtvama državnog terora i političkog progona na ovim prostorima od 1989-2000. 3 Montirani procesi Reč izdavača Sudski procesi kosvskim Albancima pred sudovima u Srbiji, jedan su od mnogobrojnih svedočanstva dugogodišnje represije srpskih vlasti. Dramatično neposredno svedočenje Fahrija Muslijua sa ovih, u suštini političkih suđenja, ne pokazuje samo bezobzirnost tretmana pripadnika albanske etničke zajednice od strane režima u Beogradu, već i smišljenu dobro organizovanu akciju koja se odvijala u senci NATO intervencije. Sudbina ljudi o kojima svedoči ova knjiga samo je deo sumornog mozaika, koji upućuje na razloge zbog kojih je suživot Srba i Albanaca u istoj državi postao nemoguć. Objavljujući ovu knjigu u ediciji Svedočanstva Helsinški odbor za ljudska prava u Srbiji se obraća srpskoj javnosti čiji veći deo odbija da se suoči sa ovakvim činjenicama. Helsinški odbor se nada da će knjiga doprineti otvaranju ove teme na način koji u budućnosti može da doprinese procesu obnove poverenja između Srba i Albanaca. 4 Lista albanskih zatvorenika Recenzija Verodostojno svedočanstvo o vladavini jednog nedemokratskog režima! Priroda jednog političkog režima najbolje se pokazuje kroz delovanje njegovih institucija, posebno sudstva i pravosuđa. Fahri Musliu je kao upor- ni i dosledni hroničar pratio suđenja albanskim zatvorenicima koji su posle potpisivanja Kumanovskog sporazuma, početkom juna 1999. prebačeni sa Kosova u srpske zatvore. Musliu je ova suđenja pratio direktno, u sudni- cama, ali je beležio i reagovanja medija, zvanične i nezvanične komentare, pa i sopstvene utiske. Neki od ovih slučajeva kao što su suđenje Fljori Brovini, proces pro- tiv albanskih studenata u Beogradu, grupi od 145 Albanaca iz Đakovice, Aljbinu Kurtiju ili takozvani slučaj «Klečka» ulaze u anale našeg domaćeg sudstva, ali i evropskog kao primeri političkih procesa koji po nekim svo- jim detaljima podsećaju na sudske procese u totalitarnim režimima, kada se odluka o kaznama i krivici donosi i pre suđenja, a «priznanja» se iznuđuju torturom i nezakonitim sredstvima. Za one koji su u budućnostu budu bavili pravnim, etičkim, političkim i ideološkim aspektima ovih procesa, dokumenti, zvanični i nezvanični, službeni i neslužbeni koje je prikupio Musliu i ponudio u ovoj knjizi, predstavljaće verodostojno svedočanstvo o krunskim godinama vladavine Slobodana Miloševića i pomoći će boljem razumevanju prirode represije koja je vladala na Kosovu, kao i prirode samog Miloševićevog režima. Način na koji su vođeni istražni postupci, iznuđivana priznanja, izricane presude, a u nekim slučajevima i masovnost tih procesa, mogu podsetiti na Staljinove monstr-procese i ukazuju na neke karakteristične odlike posled- njeg neokomunističkog, nacionalističkog bastiona na Balkanu i u Evropi. Da bi upotpunio sliku vremena i dao što objektivniji prikaz atmosfere koja je vladala na suđenjima i oko suđenja, Fahri Musliu je zabeležio i ne tako brojne, ali važne i časne kritike ovih procesa, koje su dolazile iz redova nekih nevladinih organizacija u Srbiji i pojedinaca iz redova neza- visnih srpskih intelektualaca. Sta se može izvuči kao pouka iz analize ovih procesa? Pre svega to nema pravde tamo gde se politika i «nacionalni interesi» postavljaju iznad prava. Da nema pravne države tamo gde nema nezavisnog sudstva. Naše pravosuđe, međutim, neće biti ni objektivno, ni nezavisno dogod se ne spere ljaga sa ovih suđenja, organizovanih u bliskoj prošlosti, kada su za rad sudova merodavnije bile političke instrukcije od poštovanja zakona i prava. 5 Montirani procesi Knjiga Fahria Muslia u kojoj su sabrani sudski spisi, iskazi optuženih, komentari i utisci, upravo može biti povod za takva preispitivanja, za kritički osvrt na rad sudova i sudija što bi predstavljao polaznu osnovu za neko drugačije pravosuđe. Bez takvog preispitivanja, bez odlučne kritike i samokritike, pa i lustriranja svih onih koji su bili i ostali spremni da budu sluge političkih gospodara i kriminalnih klanova, a ne sluge svoga poziva i zakona, nema niti će biti vladavine zakona i poverenja u insti- tucije države. Filip DAVID 6 Lista albanskih zatvorenika Dragoceno svedočanstvo o jednom vremenu Rukopis knjige Fahri Musliua “Montirani procesi protiv kosovskih Al- banaca” predstavlja koristan pregled zloupotrebe policije, tužilaštva i suda na ostvarivanju što dublje etničke distance između Srba i kosovskih Albana- ca. Sva suđenja, bez obzira da li su bila pred Okružnim sudom u Beogradu, Nišu, Leskovcu ili pred nekim drugim sudom imaju jednu svrhu - progon Albanaca sa Kosova i produbljivanje sukoba na relaciji Srbija-Kosovo. Au- tor nije izričito ovako formulisao cilj ove knjige, međutim taj se zaključak eksplicite sadrži u rukopisu knjige i nameće se sam po sebi. Nakon potpisivanja Kumanovskog sporazuma mnogi zatvorenici -Al- banci sa Kosova prebačeni su sa Kosova u Srbiju. Vlasti Srbije organi- zuju na teritoriji Srbije suđenja. Do sada nisu dati ofi cijelni rezultati i pregled ovih sudskih postupaka, ali je nevladin sektor koji se protivio tim suđenjima, koji je organizovao kada je to bilo moguće odbranu, pri- kupljao podatke i imao je izvesnu evidenciju. Međutim, upravo je au- tor ovog rukopisa bio taj koji je i lično imao najviše uvida u te sudske procese, koji je prikupljao podatke, informacije i koji je, čak, pružio i izvesnu pomoć zatvorenicima. Albanci sa Kosova- zatvorenici, bili su procesuirani i pred vojnim i pred redovnim sudovima, a svi su bili uhapšeni pre ili tokom NATO bombar- dovanja. Prikaz najvažnijih suđenja, pojedincima ili grupama naročito, pokazu- je da se radilo o organizovanom i sistematskom obračunu sa kosovskim Albancima. Vrednost ovog rukopisa je višestruk. Prvo treba istaći da je autor, snalazeći se na razne načine, uspeo da prikupi zaista impresivnu građu, da obradi mnoge slučajeve, a pretpostavljamo sve najvažnije. Ovo pri- kupljanje i ova “obrada” građe, predstavlja dragoceno svedočanstvo o jednom vremenu i o jednom štetnom i rđavom policijskom vremenu i štetnoj praksi. U ovom mukotrpnom poslu autor unosi i ličnu notu, svoje snalaženje i prodornost, ne samo da dođe do podataka, već i do pojedinačnih optuženika. Ova lična obojenost rukopis ćini još zanim- ljivijim, autentičnijim i uverljivijim. Mada se radi o rukopisu, inače kvalitetnog i pozantog novinara, nje- gova najveća vrednost je što predstavlja svedočanstvo jednog vremena i rđave prakse. 7 Montirani procesi Rukopis bi bio još uverljiviji da je data i pravnička analiza zloupotrebe pravosudnih organa i prava uopšte. Međutim, rukopis koji se temelji na prikupljenim podacima (optužnicama, presudama, žalbama, novinarskim napisima, pojedinačnim reagovanjima...) predstavlja dovoljan okvir i pod- sticaj za neka buduća i produbljenija istraživanja ovog fenomena. U rukopisu je prikazana plastično i autentično atmosfera u kojoj se sudi zatvorenicima –Albancima sa Kosova. A drastične kazne postaju očekivane i deo same te atmosfere. Posebno su obrađena dva najpoznatija slučaja. Suđenje pred Okružnim sudom u Nišu lekarki i pesnikinji Fljori Brovini i, posebno, suđenje Aljbinu Kurtiju, lideru studenata Univerziteta u Prištini. U rukopisu je na uravnotežen način prikazano ono što predstavlja be- smisljeni progon Albanaca na Kosovu od strane policijsko−sudskih vlasti Srbije, i ujedno, akcije nevladinih sektora Srbije koji je ustao u zaštitu prognanih. U celini posmatrano rukopis je pisan jasnim i čitljivim jezikom, ne ostavljajući mogućnost za dvosmisleno tumačenje činjenica i podataka, što će verujemo kod čitalaca predstavljati lako štivo. Imajući u vidu kvalitet rukopisa u celini, predlažem da se rukopis ob- javi, jer bi njegovo objavljivanje predstavljalo značajan dokument vreme- na uoči, tokom i posle NATO bombardovanja i posebno bi predstavljao značajan dokument o položaju Albanaca u Srbiji. Dr Rajko Danilović 8 Lista albanskih zatvorenika Umesto uvoda Poslednji rat na Kosovu nije vođen samo na Kosovu. Čak ni svi ubi- jeni u tom ratu nisu sahranjeni na Kosovu. Priča o hladnjačama kojima su dovožena tela masakriranih kosovskih Albanaca da bi bila zakopana u masovnim grobnicama po Srbiji, jeste jedna bolna i mračna istorija. Albanci su bili redovni stanovnici mnogih zatvora u bivšoj Jugoslaviji od njenog formiranja pa sve do raspada. Ali igra sa albanskim zatvorenicima tokom poslednjeg rata na Kosovu jeste jedna od najvećih enigmi strategije politike srpskog režima tokom NATO bombardovanja. Prvo, svi Albanci koji su bili držani po zatvorima u Srbiji tokom rata su vraćeni na Kosovo i smešteni u zatvor “Dubrava” kod Istoka, koji je bio jedna od meta NATO napada. Tu se dogodio i najmonstruozniji masakar: zatvorenici nisu mogli da pobegnu ni od raketa NATO-a ni od rafalskih paljbi policije. Tako je poginulo 200 njih. Nakon potpisivanja vojno-tehničkog sporazuma
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