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New Additions to Turkish Helotiales and Orbiliales Türkiye Helotiales

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New Additions to Turkish Helotiales and Orbiliales Türkiye Helotiales Kastamonu Uni., Orman Fakültesi Dergisi, 2018, 18 (1): 46-52 Research Article Kastamonu Univ., Journal of Forestry Faculty Doi: 10.17475/kastorman.290359 New additions to Turkish Helotiales and Orbiliales Abdullah KAYA1*, Yasin UZUN1, İbrahim Halil KARACAN2, Semiha YAKAR1 1*Karamanoğlu Mehmetbey University, Faculty of Science, Karaman, 70100, Turkey 2Ömer Özmimar Religious Anatolian High School, Gaziantep, 27220, Turkey *Corresponding author: [email protected] Received Date: 06.02.2017 Accepted Date: 05.02.2018 Abstract Aim of study: Though hundreds of studies were conducted on the biodiversity of Turkish fungi, the mycobiota has not been determined yet. Probably thousands of researches are required to determine the overall mycobiota of Turkey. This study were also carried out upon this purpose and aims to make a contribution to the mycobiota of Turkey by adding new genera and species records. Area of study: This study was carried out within the boundaries of İslahiye, Nurdağı and Şehitkamil districts of Gaziantep province. Material and Methods: The macrofungi samples were collected from İslahiye, Nurdağı and Şehitkamil districts in the years 2014 and 2015. After obtaining required field data, they were transferred to the fungarium and investigated in terms of macroscopy and microscopy. Then they were identified with the help of relevant literature. Main results: Five ascomycetous fungi species; Bisporella sulfurina (Quél.) S.E. Carp. (Helotiaceae Rehm), Lachnum fuscescens (Pers.) P. Karst. (Lachnaceae Raitv.), Cyclaneusma niveum (Pers.) DiCosmo, Peredo & Minter (Marthamycetaceae H.O. Baral, G. Lantz, Hustad & Minter), Hyalorbilia inflatula (P. Karst.) Baral & G. Marson and Orbilia aristata (Velen.) Velen. (Orbiliaceae Nannf.), within the orders Helotiales and Orbiliales were determined. Tracing the current literature the taxa were found to be new for the mycobiota of Turkey. Research highlights: Macrofungal biodiversity studies are necessary to be able to determine the mycobiota of Turkey. Keywords: New records, Helotiales, Orbiliales, Gaziantep, Turkey. Türkiye Helotiales’leri ve Orbiliales’lerine yeni ilaveler Özet Çalışmanın amacı: Türkiye mantarlarının biyoçeşitliliği ile ilgili yüzlerce çalışma yapılmış olmasına ragmen, mikobiyota henüz ortaya konamamıştır. Türkiye mikobiyotasının belirlenmesi için belki de binlerce araştırma yapılmalıdır. Bu çalışma da bu amaca yönelik olarak gerçekleştirilmiş olup yeni cins ve tür kayıtları ilavesiyle Türkiye mikobiyotasına katkı sağlamayı amaçlamaktadır. Çalışma alanı: Bu çalışma Gaziantep’in İslahiye, Nurdağı ve Şehitkamil ilçe sınırları içinde gerçekleştirilmiştir. Materyal ve Yöntem: Makromantar örnekleri 2014 ve 2015 yıllarında İslahiye, Nurdağı ve Şehitkamil ilçelerinden toplanmıştır. Gerekli arazi verileri derlendikten sonra, örnekler fungaryuma taşınıp, makroskobik ve mikroskobik incelemeleri gerçekleştirilmiş. Sonra da ilgili literatür yardımıyla teşhisleri yapılmıştır. Temel Sonuçlar: Helotiales ve Orbiliales takımları içinde yer alan beş askomiset mantar türü; Bisporella sulfurina (Quél.) S.E. Carp. (Helotiaceae Rehm), Lachnum fuscescens (Pers.) P. Karst. (Lachnaceae Raitv.), Cyclaneusma niveum (Pers.) DiCosmo, Peredo & Minter (Marthamycetaceae H.O. Baral, G. Lantz, Hustad & Minter), Hyalorbilia inflatula (P. Karst.) Baral & G. Marson ve Orbilia aristata (Velen.) Velen. (Orbiliaceae Nannf.), Türkiye mikobiyotası için yeni kayıt olarak verilmiştir. Araştırma vurguları: Türkiye mikobiyotasının belirlenebilmesi için makromantar biyoçeşitliliği çalışmaları gereklidir. Anahtar kelimeler: Yeni kayıtlar, Helotiales, Orbiliales, Gaziantep, Türkiye. 46 This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. Kastamonu Uni., Orman Fakültesi Dergisi, 2018, 18 (1): 46-52 Kaya et al. Kastamonu Univ., Journal of Forestry Faculty Introduction trinocular light microscope. As chemical Helotiales Nannf. and Orbiliales Baral, reagents or investigation media, distilled O.E. Erikss. are two orders within the water, Meltzer’s reagent and Congo red were phylum Ascomycota. Helotiales contains used. Identification of the samples were approximately 3880 taxa within 501 genera perfored by comparing the obtained data with and 10 families and the members are DiCosmo et al. (1983), Breitenbach and characterized with stipitate or sessile, disc Kränzlin (1984), Wang (2005), Hou et al. formed, cup like or more rarely convex (2006), Zhang et al. (2009), Medel et al. apothecial ascomata, thin walled asci with (2013), Guo et al. (2014), Ivanová (2015) unseparable wall, and spores which are and Quijada et al. (2015). Dried fruit bodies symmetric in longitude, generally hyaline, are kept at Karamanoğlu Mehmetbey usually smooth, simple or septate in across University, Kamil Özdağ Science Faculty, (Akata et al., 2016a). On the other hand the Department of Biology. species of Orbiliales are characterized by generally convex, brightly coloured or Results translucent apothecial ascomata, small asci, Kirk et al. (2008) and Index fungorum small, hyaline, ovoid to ellipsoid, usually (www.indexfungorum.org: accessed 20 curved or even helical and mostly aseptate December 2016) were followed for the ascospores, and it contains 288 taxa systematics of the taxa belonging to 12 genera within the family Helotiales Nannf. Orbiliaceae Nannf. (Cannon and Kirk, 2007; Helotiaceae Rehm Kirk et al., 2008). Bisporella sulfurina (Quél.) S.E.Carp. Currently 70 taxa of Helotiales within 43 (1974). genera exist in Turkey (Sesli and Denchev, Syn: Calycella sulfurina (Quél.) Boud., 2008; Kaya, 2009; Akata and Kaya 2010; Calycella sulfurina var. brassicae Grélet, 2012; 2013; Akata et al., 2014a; 2014b; Calycella sulfurina (Quél.), Boud., var. Uzun et al., 2014; 2015a; 2015b; Güngör et sulfurina, Calycina sulfurina (Quél.) Kuntze, al., 2015a; 2015b; Akata et al., 2016b; Akçay Helotium sulfurinum Quél. and Uzun, 2016; Doğan and Kurt, 2016; Macroscopic and microscopic features: Öztürk et al., 2016; Uzun et al., 2017a) while Apothecia 0.5-1.5 mm in diameter, cup, only five members of Orbiliales, Orbilia saucer to plate-shaped, bright to sulfur- auricolor (A. Bloxam) Sacc., Orbilia yellow, hymenial surface smooth (Figure 1a). curvatispora Boud., Orbilia luteorubella Asci 60-90 × 4-6 µm, cylindric clavate, (Nyl.) P. Karst., Orbilia sarraziniana Boud. conical at the apex, eight spored, spores and Orbilia xanthostigma (Fr.) Fr. (Akata usually biseriate (Figure 1b). Paraphyses and Doğan, 2015; Uzun et al., 2017b), have filiform. Ascospores 8-12 × 2 µm, elliptical- so far been recorded from Turkey. fusiform, smooth, hyaline, mostly with one The present study aims to make a septum (Figure 1c). Bisporella sulfurina contribution to Turkish mycobiota. usually found on dead branches often in small dense clusters, and always associated Materials and methods with old fruit-bodies of fungal species Samples of macrofungi were collected belonging to the Xylariales (Hubregtse, from İslahiye, Nurdağı and Şehitkamil 2017). districts of Gaziantep province between 2014 Specimen examined: TURKEY — and 2015. During field studies the fruiting Gaziantep: İslahiye, Kozdere village, on dead bodies were photographed where they grow Quercus L. sp. twigs, 37°06′N-36°39′E, and required characteristics for identification 550m, 15.03.2014, K.8642; Şehitkamil, about their ecology and morphology were Yeşilce village, 37°10′N-37°12′E, 1045 m, noted. Micromorphological studies were 29.11.2014, K.10738; 12.04.2015, K. 11706. carried out under Nikon Eclipse Ci-S 47 Kastamonu Uni., Orman Fakültesi Dergisi, 2018, 18 (1): 46-52 Kaya et al. Kastamonu Univ., Journal of Forestry Faculty Figure 1. Bisporella sulfurina: a. ascocarps, b. asci and paraphyses, c. ascospores. Lachnaceae Raitv. structure at the tips (Figure 2c)., hymenial Lachnum fuscescens (Pers.) P.Karst. surface smooth (Figure 2a). Asci 40-60 × 4- (1885). 6.5 µm, cylindrical, eight spored, usually Syn: Atractobolus brunneolus (Desm.) spores irregularly biseriate (Figure 2b). Kuntze, Atractobolus fuscescens (Pers.) Paraphyses lanceolate. Ascospores 7-9 × 2- Kuntze, Brunnipila fagicola (W.Phillips) 2.5 µm, fusiform, smooth, hyaline (Figure Baral, Brunnipila fuscescens (Pers.) Baral, 2d). Lachnum fuscescens grows on fallen Dasyscyphus brunneolus (Desm.) Sacc., leaves of Fagus L. and Quercus L. Dasyscyphus brunneolus (Desm.) Sacc., var. (Breitenbach and Kränzlin, 1984). brunneolus, Dasyscyphus brunneolus var. Specimen examined: TURKEY — fagicola (W.Phillips) Sacc., Dasyscyphus Gaziantep: Nurdağı, Olucak village, on dead fagicola (W.Phillips) Le Gal, Dasyscyphus Quercus L. sp. twigs, 37°10′N-36°40′E, 950 fuscescens (Pers.) Gray, Dasyscyphus m, 10.04.2015, K.11681. fuscescens var. fagicola (W.Phillips) Dennis, Dasyscyphus fuscescens (Pers.) Gray, var. Marthamycetaceae H.O.Baral, G.Lantz, fuscescens, Lachnea brunneola (Desm.) Hustad & Minter Gillet, Lachnea brunneola var. brasiliensis Cyclaneusma niveum (Pers.) DiCosmo, Bres., Lachnea brunneola (Desm.) Gillet, Peredo & Minter (1983). var. brunneola, Lachnella brunneola (Desm.) Syn: Lophodermium gilvum Rostr., Sacc., Lachnella brunneola (Desm.) Sacc., Naemacyclus niveus (Pers.) Fuckel ex Sacc., var. brunneola, Lachnella brunneola var. Propolis nivea (Pers.) Fr., Schmitzomia nivea fagicola W.Phillips, Lachnella fuscescens (Pers.) De Not., Stictis nivea Pers. (Pers.) W.Phillips, Lachnum brunneolum Macroscopic and microscopic features: (Desm.) P.Karst., Lachnum fagicola Apothecia 1-1.5 mm in diameter, (W.Phillips) Raitv., Lachnum fuscescens
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