solar thermal and concentrated barometers 1 – EUROBSERV’ER –JUNE 2019 – EUROBSERV’ER BAROMETERS POWER SOLAR CONCENTRATED AND THERMAL SOLAR © Solarheateurope in Jelling, South of Denmark of South Jelling, in collectors thermal solar of Field C A vary by country and market segment. segment. market and by country vary However, million surface. of growth m2 amounts 2.2 to of the newly-installed 2017, to compared 8.4% of some a rise posted market European which equates 2018 the According growth. to have to returned EurObserv’ER, to appears BAROMETERS POWER CONCENTRATED SOLAR AND THERMAL SOLAR be used to supply heating networks or be integrated into industrial processes. processes. into industrial integrated be or networks supply heating to used be is to generate electricity, also While CSP can plants of these use main heat. the in operation in the European Union in 2018 in Union European the in operation in that aim to convert the energy of the sun’s of the high rays energy the temperature convert into to aim very that Power Solar oncentrated (CSP) technologies the all for term is a blanket The cumulated of solar thermal surfaces thermal market for hot water production and heating applications heating and water hot production for market thermal Union European the of solar decline, decade asluggish after t long last, 53.5 53.5 – EUROBSERV’ER –JUNE 2019 – EUROBSERV’ER BAROMETERS POWER SOLAR CONCENTRATED AND THERMAL SOLAR The increase of the solar thermal market thermal solar of the increase The millions m millions in the European Union in 2018 European in the +8.4 2 out by EurObserv’ER. out carried A study % 2 314 2 Total in CSP capacity operation in the European Union in 2018 in Union European the in MWe

solar thermal and barometers 2 solar thermal and concentrated solar power barometers 3 A of the study. the of part this in included not are networks) heating or (industrial heat producing for collectors) trough parabolic and mirrors concentrating solar collectors (Fresnel and simultaneously heat and electricity of capable producingPV/T collectors works and industry. In hybrid contrast, net heating district for water hot and heat produce to and heating, water, hot domestic produce to designed are ogies technol These collectors. unglazed and collectors vacuum collectors, plate flat use that systems covers data market The 3). 2and (tables growth) year-on-year – EUROBSERV’ER –JUNE 2019 – EUROBSERV’ER BAROMETERS POWER SOLAR CONCENTRATED AND THERMAL SOLAR a 1) (graph 2018 in up picked 2009, since dwindling been has which market European the that reckons serv’ER EurOb interest. generating finally is heat, into directly it convert to rays sun’s the harnesses which nology, s it grew from 2 to 2.2 million m million 2.2 2to from grew s it combined capacity put at 472 000 MWth. MWth. 000 472 at put capacity combined national markets in of excess 1 MWth 200 in At 2018. the end of 2017, 130 countries had solar thermal installations with with players major also are India Turkey and saturated. –is segment growth main sector’s –the market heater water MWth of additional capacity, although thisprimarily thesolar figureresidential because is lower than 2017its effort, 24 800 with field the from out stands China MWth. 300 33 at put is 2018 in installed capacity thermal solar scale, aglobal At global leader the sector’s China, outside the European Union (MWth) Union European the outside markets thermal solar Main n°Tabl. 1 USA Japan China Source: REN21, EurObserv’ER Source: REN21, Total EU including world the of Rest China India evident, solar thermal tech thermal solar evident, increasingly become sions repercus warming’s s climate 2 (8.4% (8.4% - - - - -

000 to 316 000 m 000 316 to 000 272 (from 2017 and 2016 between 16.2% 328 500 m 500 328 to 4% by 2018 in grew market Greek the that confirmation is news of piece good made a 180% leap to 310 000 m 000 310 to leap a180% made implementation of municipal tenders, the of advantage took which sector, Its 2018. in performance best the in put Poland markets. national the terises tive, piecemeal development charac posi is growth market EU-wide While a t solar The has been unable to stabilise and posted posted and stabilise to unable been has kings with 573 500 m 500 573 with kings ran market Union European the leads it While market. German the is point in Acase slide. to continued drivers market former some downside, the 2017. On and 2016 between 5% to limited was decline market its when turnaround year’s vious pre the confirming 2%) (by slightly up t sixes and sevens and sixes 2 , having already increased by increased already , having 34 600 26 100 1 348 1 063 4 571 2017 Annually installed capacity 860 658 2 hermal marke hermal ). Spain’s market picked picked market Spain’s ). 2 installed in 2018, it it 2018, in installed 2 . Another . Another 24 800 33 300 1 240 4 465 1 320 2018 850 625 t

- - - - about 139 000 m 139 000 about of 2018 in a7.9% with decline contend to had and stabilise to unable been has market Italian the Likewise, water). hot and heating both supply (that systems solar in combined interest declining to ascribed be mainly can that formance per 2017 its on contraction 11.8% a new puts the collector surface connected in connected surface collector the puts report, 2019 Worldwide Heat Solar SHC IEA latest The France. and Spain Austria, Germany, Denmark, in identified tems sys new with ground making gradually are markets heat solar industrial and The European solar heating network enjoying more momentum. tives and substantial state are support, incen targeted with territories, overseas modynamic water The heaters. French ther from competition off beat to market heater water hot individual its of struggle the despite 2018 in overall grew sector the France, metropolitan In tovoltaic. by internecine competition from pho affected particularly is It systems). phon Total cumulative capacity Total cumulative 2 (excluding thermosy in operation 334 500 472 000 10 400 16 300 85 300 17 800 7 700 2017

------six in Denmark (66 800 m 800 (66 Denmark in six mill (4 032 m 032 (4 mill downscaled to 220 000 m 000 220 to downscaled 450 000 m 000 450 for designed initially was that project The sectors. industrial and commercial the heating for refrigeration and systems solar in specialized that 1992 in up set acompany Solid, developer Austrian its of collapse the to led Sunmark, VKR-Arcon company Danish the with disagreements and 2015, in launched project this of out roll- the to relating Difficulties uncertain. remains 2019, for scheduled construction, its as blow asevere dealt was – which Graz” Solar –“Big network heating solar biggest world’s the for project Austrian 195 m 195 26 with Aabybro of city Danish the in led instal was system network heating gest m 2018 contacted when gathering data for the the for data gathering when contacted experts the by made installations oldest the for hypotheses decommissioning in factors and collectors) unglazed and (flat-platevacuum collectors, collectors technologies thermal solar main three the includes estimate This 4). (table level 2017 its on increase a2.4% i.e. serv’ER, EurOb to according 2018 of end the Germany (9 380 m 380 (9 Germany in six networks), existing to extensions about 53.5 million m million 53.5 about at consolidate should base collector Union European the of surface total The m million A E 983-m the of connection the witnessed also 2018 Germany, In 83 at networks heating solar European to 2018 (>500 m (>500 fields collector thermal solar new 15 tifies city of Graz. of city the of needs heating district the of 15% cover to intended was system storage m (1772 Melville at plant food-processing – a completed were projects heat industrial but 2018, in ting were networks connected in France to Vienna’s heating No network. new hea connected was field collector MWth) (0.46 tal’s heating network. In Austria, a 656-m Austria, In network. heating tal’s capi German the to plant lin-Köpenick 2 ) and one in Turkey (4 575 m 575 (4 Turkey in one ) and uropean of 53.4 base 760 m 2 (18.3 MWth) of collector surface. surface. collector of MWth) (18.3 2 ) connected to a heating network, network, aheating to ) connected 2 (250 MWth) was subsequently subsequently was MWth) (250 2 (58.6 MWth). The report iden report The MWth). (58.6 2 ). This contrasts with the with contrasts This ). 2 a 2 ) and the Condat paper paper Condat the ) and 2 t ), two in Austria (3 010 010 (3 Austria in two ), 2 he end of (37 418 MWth) at MWth) 418 (37 2 (0.7 MWth) Ber MWth) (0.7 2 2 . Its 900 000-m including two two including 2 – EUROBSERV’ER –JUNE 2019 – EUROBSERV’ER BAROMETERS POWER SOLAR CONCENTRATED AND THERMAL SOLAR ). The big The ). 3 2 ------

10 000 m 000 10 and be sustained. significantly recover to fails market the if levels target contribution heat solar Union European the of maintaining issue the raise will trend this time years’ few m 000 310 about to 100 111 from increased and 2.5 of afactor by expanded market the Appliances) Heating of Importers and Manufacturers of Association (the SPIUG to according where Poland, from came market thermal solar Union pean Euro the in respite main the 2018, In Poli break Solar nated to 4,6 m 4,6 to nated culmi that 2000s the during installations in growth the to due years few next the in sioning phenomenon should accelerate decommis The total. decommissioning lion m lion mil 1.3 by increased date to surface ting exis the 2018, In base. its as 2019 of start the at Eurostat by published data base n-1 the taking and collectors unglazed for years 12 and collectors flat-plate for of years 20 hypothesis decommissioning a applying barometer) this of end the at quoted (sources gleaned had it that data market the on relied EurObserv’ER available, directly not was data base associations).rers’ Whenever collector manufactu heating and departments design and engineering offices, statistics (ministries, barometer this of purposes 2 (300 000 m in Logumkloster, South Denmark collectors thermal solar of Field s 2 h fog , which equates to a 0.9 million-m a0.9 to equates , which 2 of vacuum collectors), thereby thereby collectors), vacuum of 2 of flat-plate collectors and and collectors flat-plate of 2 of collectors in 2008. In a In 2008. in collectors of s through the 2 ------

the other sectors. other the for 2% and commercial in 10% build), new in 17% and renovation in (71% 88% for accounted 2017, residential tors (heating networks, industry). In sec other the in 5% and commercial in 15% build), new in 5% and ovation ren in (75% capacity newly-installed the of 80% for accounted residential 2018, in that claims SPIUG heat). trial indus and service, networks heating in favour of other (commercial, sectors shrinking is share residential the oped, devel have segments market the while that is trend Another channels. bution distri traditional through 20% to up and investments municipal through made are sales current of 80% SPIUG, to ing Accord authorities. local the by up set campaigns publicity “anti-smog” the on of capitalising possibility the without weakening sector the to lead could networks) installation retail and salers whole forces, (sales structure of lack circuits’ traditional the that feel They course. full their run have programmes the once procedures tendering these on dependence market’s the about concerned are players sector outnumber other heating appliances. The widely that appliances heating domestic coal-fired by generated smog the tackle to instigated were funds, European by backed are that programmes, local These 2018. of start the at on decided and 2017 in announced tenders municipal of implementation the to ascribed be can performance good The sector. the in record installation Polish anew setting

Solarheateurope ------

solar thermal and concentrated solar power barometers 4 solar thermal and concentrated solar power barometers 5 high ers on this market such as Leroy Merlin, Merlin, Leroy as such market this on ers retail DIY major of arrival the steam, up distribution grids builds e-commerce as of multiplication players, between tition compe keen to due prices system in drop withfavourable starting elements, the of a set to growth this ascribes EBHE the 0.437 m 0.437 with Greece in high very is level equipment the year when 272 000 m 000 272 when year the – EUROBSERV’ER –JUNE 2019 – EUROBSERV’ER BAROMETERS POWER SOLAR CONCENTRATED AND THERMAL SOLAR Member statesincludedatthedateoftheir accession.* 2019. Estimations. Source:EurObserv’ER m (in 1994 since Union European the in surfaces installed annually of Evolution n° 1 Graph. m 500 328 or 4% growth, made it Association), Industry Solar Greek (the EBHE of tary secre executive the Travasores, Costas to According robust. is market Greek the that confirmation is news good other The T 400 m 400 233 (i.e. decommissioned Greece surface collector the than installed was surface collector more that out points EBHE The vibrant. still is market solar Greek the 900 m 4595 from risen has It increase. to tinues con service in base thermal solar the that 000 m he i Greek market 664 209 1994 2 2 2 2 in 2017 to 4 691 000 m 000 4691 to 2017 in sold in 2018. This compares to 316 316 to compares This 2018. in sold in 2017 (16.2% more than in 2016, 2016, in than more (16.2% 2017 in scrapped in 2018), which means means which 2018), in scrapped 2 per inhabitant (Table 5). As in 2017, in As 5). (Table inhabitant per 1995 725 815 1996 849 538 s riding 2 1997 944 277 was installed) installed) was 2 in 2018. The The 2018. in 1998 981 776 - - - - 1 007 039 1999 20%, rising from 264 103 m 103 264 from rising 20%, by increased has collectors exported of area surface The optimism. and vitality competitivity, Greece’s boost which umes, vol export increasing industry’s thermal solar country’s the highlights also sores Trava Costas economy. Greek the in ment improve aslight and partners OEM with working labels private new of entry the Photothèque Socol residential building in building France residential a on panels thermal Solar 1 271 591 2000 1 596 792 2001 1 199 069 2002 2 in 2017 to 216 216 to 2017 in 1 461 040 2003 1 731 104 2004 2 ) - - - 2 142 220 24% VAT on solar thermal systems. thermal VAT24% solar on apply to continuing while 13 6% to from gas and VAT electricity on reduce to decide will government the that fears it point, the to more but decisions investment curb traditionally which October, and May in periods election two from suffer could market The 2019. about optimistic less 908 m 908 2005 2 in 2018. Yet, the EHBE is slightly slightly is EHBE the Yet, 2018. in 3 125 302 2006 3 054 867 2007 4 609 764 2008 4 172 553 2009 3 765 254 2010 3 591 580 2011 3 486 192 2012 3 041255 2013 market relaunche collectors dominate sales (109 028 m 028 (109 sales dominate collectors flat-plate used, technology the at Looking 2017. in observed turnaround the ing confirm thereby and 2015 since decline steady market’s the halting so mance, perfor year’s previous the on increase a 2% i.e. 2018, in Spain in installed was the increase in the number of new hous new of number the in increase the 530 m 530 205 that claims survey ASIT annual The H ricated collectors (82 938 m 938 (82 collectors ricated prefab of ahead 2017), in than more 6% 180 000 m 000 180 to 294 173 (from year previous the over 4% by expanded segment market “TBC” The constructions. new-build all in tion contribu thermal a solar enforce which –TBC) Code Building (Technical ulations reg thermal Spain’s of because impact direct a makes increase Their figures. tion construc housing better to attributed be primarily can growth to return This more). m 866 (3 collectors unglazed and vacuum collectors (9 698 m 698 (9 collectors vacuum 2 907362 2014 ou s 2 ing con (which equates to 144 MWth) 144 to equates (which 2 730994 2015 2 ), with growth proportional to to proportional growth with ), s the Sp the 2 585023 s 2016 truction ani 2 037324 2017 2 h sh , 35% more) more) , 35% 2 , 5% less), less), , 5% – EUROBSERV’ER –JUNE 2019 – EUROBSERV’ER BAROMETERS POWER SOLAR CONCENTRATED AND THERMAL SOLAR 2 208681 2018 2 , 6% 6% , 2 ------, tributed to a further 15 000 m 15 000 afurther to tributed from the communities autonomous con grants regional build, new to addition In 610). 54 to compared 000 62 (about 2017 to compared 2018 in completed units ing m and 68 500 m 500 68 and should be added 6 000 m 6000 added be should namely, 203 300 m 300 203 namely, capacity, production of 15% at operates currently industry Spain’s 4years. next the within it achieve to measures cial finan and regulatory implement to ties authori public the urges and volumes market large such achieving of idea the at m 000 650 at surface installed annual the put 2017, In AGEEstat 2018. in assessed not was collectors unglazed for market Germany installed 573 500 m 500 573 installed Germany Group on Renewable Statistics), Energy Working (the AGEEstat by published data to According boiler). a new including tem asys for euros 3600 to up (of incentives generous of implementation the despite sector, thermal solar its of decline the stem to inability Germany’s remains spot black main market’s European The lo heating Solar lead to a maximum figure of 5 million m million of 5 figure amaximum to lead should 2018, of end the by sector, the by obtained results overall of projection The Renewable Plan Energy (PER 2011–2020). the in formulated ambitions political the below far are results the that appointed dis are players sector the sign, a positive is recovery this While segment. industrial plan’s intended 10 million m million 10 intended plan’s the half i.e. 2020, of end the by service in into 505 000 m 000 505 into down breaks surface This systems. 000 71 roughly 2018... in collectors thermal systems and 4 500 m 4500 and systems put at 1.3 million m million 1.3 at put capacity manufacturing with industry, a structured has which sector, Spanish more than in 2017), 136 200 m 200 136 2017), in than more not factored in). There are several rea several are There in). factored not were collectors unglazed 2018 in as bias statistical avoid (to collectors glazed include only we if 8.9% and 11.8%, thus is 2018 and 2017 between surface installed in contraction The collectors). unglazed went to exports. to went ermany Germany 2 2 of vacuum collectors and 20 000 m 000 20 and collectors vacuum of m 000 (573 2 2 flat-plate collectors, 26 000 000 26 collectors, flat-plate of vacuum collectors, the the collectors, vacuum of 2 of flat-plate collectors collectors of flat-plate 2 produced in 2018 (3% (3% 2018 in produced 2 , is very enthusiastic enthusiastic very , is 2 in the service and and service the in se 2 of unsubsidised of unsubsidised s it 2 s target. The The target. hine in in shine 2 2 , to which which , to 2 of which of solar solar of 2 of of 2 ------

been inverted as the m the as inverted been gradually has heating) and water (hot systems combined and systems duction pro water hot individual between ratio the Lange, Dietmar consultant energy solar to According decline. this for sons sold, and primarily those that use air-wa use that those primarily and sold, units 000 84 with 2018, and 2017 between 8% by increased BDH, the to according sales, whose pumps heat by challenged also is thermal solar Lastly, sumption. self-con of case the in production water hot top-up can photovoltaic as cially espe space, roof useable for compete they when partiality with photovoltaic treats generally which technologies, taic photovol and thermal solar the between competition internecine rising by the compounded is This systems. combined for market declining the for reason main is price gas low relatively a from benefit still that boilers, condensing gas-fired efficient more new, from Competition tion requirements. consump energy building the sets which – EnEV) Energieeinsparverordnung (Die regulation thermal German the by ulated stip values the than better 15% be must building residential the of insulation mal ther and energy primary of consumption annual To so, do measures. energy-saving energies meet can the obligation through renewable use to not prefer who tors Inves buildings). multi-occupied for 3% houses andvidual and semi-detached indi for surface useable 4% the of least at be must collectors solar installed of face sur the of simplicity, interests the 15% (in least at be must heat building of share consumption total the thermal, solar of case the In biomass. and energy ray solar pumps), (heat heat ambient energy, mal able sources. The latter include geother renew by met be must buildings public and private in applications water hot and heating for demand energy the of part act (EEWärmeG) which stipulates that together by the latest renewable heat held is market system production water hot individual the that claims Lange mer Diet systems. combined in interest less to due exclusively is contraction ket’s mar German the that meaning meted... plum has collectors) more uses (which the combinedstable, market systems havesystem sales remained relatively production water hot individual While thatovertaken of combined systems. 2 share of CESI has has CESI of share ------

solar thermal and concentrated solar power barometers 6 solar thermal and concentrated solar power barometers 7 – EUROBSERV’ER –JUNE 2019 – EUROBSERV’ER BAROMETERS POWER SOLAR CONCENTRATED AND THERMAL SOLAR m (in collectors of type per 2017 in surfaces installed Annually n°Tabl. 2 risen has surface collector thermal solar the territories, overseas the installed together, i.e. France metropolitan and all market French the consider we If the multi-occu T appliances. production water hot and heating for score label energy European high very a has technology Air-water sold). units 500 60 with increase, (11% technology ter re come the F to he over he Country Czechia Bulgaria+ Netherlands Denmark Cyprus Portugal+ Austria Poland Spain Germany Source: EurObserv’ER 2019. Source: EurObserv’ER departments overseas in m2 546 62 the from included ** extrapolated database. Eurostat the of EurObserv’ER by surface estimated a+were collectors with solar marked data the estimations, Europe/ESTIF Heat Solar *are an with marked countries for Figures Kingdom+ United Romania* France** Italy Hungary Ireland Croatia+ Slovakia+ Belgium Greece Luxembourg Finland+ Slovenia* Lithuania* Sweden Malta Estonia* Latvia* Total EU28 Total s cue cue s ea s territorie rench market’ p ancy s ancy egment s and and collectors s Flat plate plate Flat 1 884 631 573 000 107 200 312 840 151 000 190 666 117 076 24 000 24 000 12 000 30 200 16 500 22 700 31 500 99 770 53 718 11 254 55 105 21 150 5 000 3 600 1 300 7 200 1 350 7 467 2 867 900 518 750 introduction of energy insecurity CEEs insecurity of energy introduction leaving collective The installations. aside 2017), in 920 (7 installed were heaters water hot solar 9682 Réunion, Horizon according to the regional observatory where Island, Reunion also and 2017), in 000 (7 2018 in installed were heaters water hot solar 000 18 Climat, du et gie to the Observatoire Régionale de l’éner according where Guadeloupe especially and force, driving main the are ritories ter overseas The momentum. this enjoy 156 122 m 122 156 reach to 27,4% by 2018 in increased umes vol these Observer, to According sharply.

Glazed collectors Glazed 2 but not all market segments segments market all not but collectors Vacuum Vacuum 120 110 57 000 5 000 3 900 9 600 1 060 5 200 7 187 7 500 3 160 9 049 6 162 1 250 2 471 600 341 130 250 250 2 ) and capacity equivalent (in MWth) (in equivalent capacity ) and

collectors Unglazed Unglazed 20 000 32 583 5 500 3 652 2 621 180 630 - - -

Eco-solidaire scheme, Reunion Island also also Reunion Island scheme, Eco-solidaire the Under spots). radio campaigns, ing (advertis utility French the by nication commu active by boosted been has this of All capacities. lower for 600 to € 300 from and tanks water hot 300-litre for 1200 to €600 from 2017 in doubled mium pre whose credit) tax with combined be can (which Island Reunion on Plus Agir programme asuccessful run has EDF ings. earn lowest the with individuals for tion insula roof and heater aDHW installing for 1euro at priced offer an in resulted has It Guadeloupe. in growth strong the (Energy Saving Certificates) is behind Total 2 037 324 111 100 316 000 650 000 151 000 101 460 122 576 201 505 24 000 24 000 24 000 16 800 35 400 17 180 22 700 31 500 53 718 20 303 55 105 29 933 5 000 2 000 3 600 1 600 3 208 1 500 9 938 1 550

(m 648 2 ) equivalent Capacity (MWth) 1 426,1 141,1 221,2 105,7 455,0 14,2 24,8 11,8 85,8 12,0 21,0 71,0 22,1 16,8 16,8 16,8 38,6 15,9 77,8 37,6 1,4 1,1 1,1 1,1 2,2 2,5 3,5 0,5 7,0 - - - - - this was installed in multi-occupied and and in multi-occupied installed was this more than in 2017). About 30 000 m 000 30 About 2017). in than more m in 2018 to reach 60 704 m 704 60 reach to 2018 in 7.3% by expanded Corsica) plus (France market metropolitan the part, its For per type of collectors (in m (in collectors of type per 2018 in surfaces installed Annually n°Tabl. 3 000-m 100 the approached the 2018 territories overseas market together Taken costs. installation cover to aid enough with households secure energy-in for heaters water solar funds which grew to 35 204 m 204 35 to grew which pools), (excluding segment collective the in activity additional from comes 418 m 418 2 Country Germany Source: EurObserv’ER 2019 . 2019 EurObserv’ER Source: departments. overseas in m2 418 95 included ** estimation. * EurObserv’ER Greece Czechia Belgium Netherlands Portugal* Cyprus* Poland Bulgaria* Croatia* Slovakia* Denmark Italy France** Spain Romania* Austria United Kingdom* United Ireland Hungary* Malta Slovenia* Sweden* Luxembourg Finland* Total EU28 Total Latvia* Estonia* Lithuania* of unglazed collectors). This growth growth This collectors). unglazed of 2 ) which is 52.6% more than in 2017. in than more 52.6% is ) which 2 2 (including 5 500 5 500 (including in 2018 (35.9% (35.9% 2018 in 2 threshold (95 (95 threshold – EUROBSERV’ER –JUNE 2019 – EUROBSERV’ER BAROMETERS POWER SOLAR CONCENTRATED AND THERMAL SOLAR collectors Flat plate plate Flat 2 2 073 060 of of 300 000 139 000 505 000 328 500 191 966 150 622 - 24 000 20 000 12 000 61 000 28 089 25 000 16 500 56 404 55 000 13 041 99 734 22 700 4 000 2 800 5 300 7 200 1 300 3 418 n.a. n.a. n.a. 486 waiting to be carried out (for a total of 38 38 of a total (for out carried be to waiting bids successful 5more with mechanism projects for calls this through expand to bound is sector installation major The service industry buildings and 5 204 m 5204 and buildings industry service m (1 172 Melville at site food-processing the So, heat). industrial heating, trict (dis installations thermal solar major on focus that projects for calls Ademe’s for bids of successful commissioning the the by driven was segment building pied multi-occu the in made progress the of Much production. heat industrial in mill (4 032 m 032 (4 mill 2 of collectors) and the Condat paper paper Condat the and collectors) of

Glazed collectors Glazed collectors 2 ) were fitted out in 2018. 2018. in out fitted ) were Vacuum Vacuum 123 017 10 000 68 500 4 900 4 000 9 600 5 409 9 698 7 500 1 700 1 038 n.a. n.a. n.a. 300 122 250 2 ) and capacity equivalent (in MWth) (in equivalent capacity ) and collectors Unglazed Unglazed 12 604 5 500 3 866 2 621 617 2 - -

to 25 365 m 25 365 to m 714 m 714 ures for 2018 post 20 000 m 000 20 post 2018 for ures fig The market. aniche resembles now systems) in metropolitan France, which combined and heaters water hot solar (individual segment market individual drop. Individual solar hot water heaters heaters water hot solar Individual drop. consecutive tenth and 21.2% a further (Narbonne with 2 872 m 2872 with (Narbonne networks heating solar two as well as m (2 511 Chaumes des Fromagerie and isses site (15 600 m (15 600 site isses Franco-Su Malteries the including sector 2 ). This contrastswith the struggling 2 ) – 3 projects in the food-processing food-processing the in ) –3projects Total 2 208 681 310 000 139 000 101 389 328 500 573 500 205 530 156 122 2 24 000 24 000 16 800 16 000 20 000 56 404 29 900 61 000 55 000 13 041 22 700 36 119 in 2017, which amounts to amounts 2017, in which 4 000 7 000 3 100 3 418 1 550

(m 608 2 0 0 0 ) 2 ), Lactosol (15 317 m (15 317 Lactosol ), 2 and Pons 2 414 2414 Pons and equivalent 2 compared compared Capacity (MWth) (MWth) 1 546,1 109,3 401,5 143,9 230,0 217,0 14,0 11,8 11,2 16,8 16,8 71,0 42,7 38,5 25,3 39,5 15,9 20,9 97,3 2,4 1,1 2,8 2,2 0,4 9,1 4,9 0,0 0,0 0,0 2 2 ) ) - -

solar thermal and concentrated solar power barometers 8 solar thermal and concentrated solar power barometers 9 o – EUROBSERV’ER –JUNE 2019 – EUROBSERV’ER BAROMETERS POWER SOLAR CONCENTRATED AND THERMAL SOLAR specific needs (glazed solar collectors, these all to solutions provide to nologies tech the has thermal Solar (>250°C). steam high-temperature to (40°C) water hot diverse, ranging from low-temperature are needs The them. cover to sources energy fossil on depends mainly and needs energy Europe’s of 30% than more for accounts sector industrial the IEA, the to According processes. industrial to applied thermal solar is them of first The strengthening its “new growth drivers”. and reorganisation its up stepping is it market, residential the with grapples try indus thermal solar European the While What are the indu regulations. thermal 2012 the to geared better also are technologies whose photovoltaic, by and HPs) dual-purpose or (TWH heaters water thermodynamic by challenged ily heav are they as segment, build new the into inroads make to unable been have

p Solarheateurope in Lahti, Finland in Lahti, Solar thermal collectors for residential application ening s for s olar thermal? thermal? olar s trial trial - - - supply contract. Other actors involved in in involved actors Other contract. supply trial client through a long-term energy indus the to heat produced the on sell to facilities the operate will and investment solar the make will It role. Company) vice Ser (Energy ESCO an in bearer project the renewable heat is production projects in specialised investor the Kyotherm, process. this for air the preheat will ground-based, is which plant, solar the and 85°C to 50 from temperature in rises gradually that air hot with stage, drying wheat or abarley include processes trial indus site’s The needs. malthouse’s the of 10% cover to enough is which annum, per heat of GWh 8.7 produce will MWth, (Ademe). The 15 000 m 15 000 The (Ademe). ment and Management Energy Agency launchedprojects by the French Environ for acall won it because feasible is ect proj This amalthouse. is question in site The France. in 2018 of end the at off kicked site industrial an supply to plant thermal solar largest third world’s the as touted asite of Construction mirrors). Fresnel and collectors trough parabolic as such technologies CSP even and tubes, vacuum 2 installation, for 12 12 for installation, - - - - - trict Heating Market 2018–2022” report, Technavio Dis “Global 2018, its published December In analyses. and reports many by supported is idea this of relevance The networks. heating district supplying in a role play to set also is thermal Solar –1500°C. 400°C and – 400°C 150°C – 150°C, 80°C namely temperature required stages by industry, various the of lines the along separated are priorities research Its reproduction. widescale from project of type this ing prevent barriers technological the raise to innovation, and research guide to aims it partners, 28 its With years. four over out roll should which 2017 January 1 on project INSHIP the instigated thus and avenue this develop to seeks also France like Union, European The euros). million 5.5–6 (i.e. CAPEX its of 60–65% cover will Ademe by provided loans est low-inter and Premiums installations. current in the thermal solar integrating for responsible Dalkia, and management project of aspects technical the for sible respon be will which NewHeat, design, collector for Sunoptimo, are project the - - - - Portugal* n° .  Key (MWth) 2018 of end the at Union European the in installed capacity Solar thermal 37 418 37 Spain n° the endof2018(MWth) Total solarthermalcapacityinstalledat Ireland n° .    United-Kingdom* n°  . France** n°  . – EUROBSERV’ER –JUNE 2019 – EUROBSERV’ER BAROMETERS POWER SOLAR CONCENTRATED AND THERMAL SOLAR .   Belgium n° Luxembourg n°  .  1 546,1 Netherland n°

.

 . Denmark n°  the year2018(inMWth) Solar thermalcapacityinstalledduring Germany n° Slovenia* n°   km  km  . Italy n° Austria n°   .    . Sweden* n°    .  . Malta n°  .    . Croatia* n° .  Czech Rep.n° .  Greece n° Poland n°  .  Hungary* n° .  Finland* n°  .   Slovakia* n°  .  Source: EurObserv’ER 2019. Source: EurObserv’ER included. departments Overseas ** estimation. * EurObserv’ER .  Lithuania* n°    Estonia* n°  Latvia* n°  .  Romania* n° Bulgaria* n°   .   TOTAL EU  ,   Cyprus* n° . 

solar thermal and concentrated solar power barometers 10 solar thermal and concentrated solar power barometers 11 – EUROBSERV’ER –JUNE 2019 – EUROBSERV’ER BAROMETERS POWER SOLAR CONCENTRATED AND THERMAL SOLAR m 2018**(in and 2017 in Union European the in installed collectors* solar thermal of capacity Cumulated n°4 Tabl. solar where cases the of 93% in more, Further demand. heat the of 20% meet to supply solar enable to mobilise to land enough have towns many that emerges It countries. European 22 in towns small 480 2 of networks heating the to energy solar supplying of possibility the assessed has PlanEnergi consultancy Danish In Europe, Germany. and Poland Ukraine, the China, Russia, being players major five the 2022... in dollars billion 30 to 2017 in dollars lion bil 21 from rise should networks heating renewable market energy dedicated to the of value the Thus, 7.4%. by increase on renewableity based energies should Capac 2022. by annum 4% or per dollars, billion 43.2 by expand should market global the survey, the to According ket. mar network heating the to dedicated Spain Italy ** Estimate. ** collectors. unglazed including technologies, * All Greece Austria Germany France*** Portugal Kingdom United Netherlands Belgium Cyprus Denmark Poland Latvia Luxembourg Malta Sweden Czechia Finland Romania Slovenia Croatia Hungary Ireland Bulgaria Lithuania Slovakia Total EU28 Total Estonia - - - - cooperatives. This approach should pro citizens’ up setting and crowdlending as such projects, for individuals by injection capital of methods possible various the solar district heating”. The guide lists for models Participation – “Public guide a published has To it so, do projects. ing heat solar urban financing and up ting set in citizens its involve to wants Solar) In Austria, the solar association (Austria Republic. Czech the and Austria Hungary, Denmark, Slovakia, Romania, Germany, Sweden, UK, the Poland, are networks heating their supply to thermal solar of deployment low-cost for potential est high the with countries ten the nergi, PlanE to According megawatt-hour. per euros 50 than less of a cost at produced be could heat the arole, play could thermal 19 091 390 52 187 723 Source: EurObserv’ER 2019. .Source: EurObserv’ER included departments Overseas *** 2 248 300 3 094 442 1 428 000 1 542 384 1 043 860 4 106 950 4 595 900 4 050 666 5 168 157 1 231 105 189 000 308 000 201 000 378 000 226 700 472 000 750 600 593 442 238 750 322 616 650 271 60 000 16 120 24 520 20 150 72 250 63 150 m 2017 2 MWth 13 364 36 531 1 000 1 080 2 166 3 618 2 835 2 875 3 217 1 574 141 862 216 226 330 132 415 265 731 159 525 167 455 44 14 42 11 51 17 - - - - - enheit. HyCool was launched in May 2018 2018 May in launched was HyCool enheit. Fahr company German the by supplied “coolers” and Fresnex company trian Aus the by supplied collectors Fresnel on based HyCool, called installation an test to aproject coordinated has Veolia company Spanish The cooling. produce to also but heat, produce to only not energy solar using It entails market. cooling the in deployed is thermal solar Lastly, social acceptability is managed better. because also but leverage, financial the of because only not ground, the off them get help will which exists, already ilk this of projects in involvement citizen of level ahigh with expertise Thus, photovoltaic. solar with starting sources, energy able renew other many by espoused already momentum the join to thermal solar pel 19 269 490 53 453 638 4 691 000 4 185 946 1 435 000 1 286 105 3 225 000 2 558 300 1 070 264 1 579 324 4 312 450 5 105 155 398 000 240 300 324 000 205 800 249 400 225 000 769 956 617 442 652 218 454 415 335 657 66 568 16 120 24 520 63 200 72 858 20 150 m 2018 2 2 and in MWth) in and MWth 13 489 37 418 1 106 3 284 1 005 2 930 1 791 2 258 3 019 3 574 144 900 168 318 158 539 432 279 235 457 227 175 749 44 14 11 51 47 17 - - - per capita (m capita in per operation capacity* Solar thermal n°Tabl. 5 pean Union countries require to achieve achieve to require countries Union pean Euro the what of short fall will it 2020, and 2019 in confirmed is growth to return belated market’s thermal solar the if Even for heat in 2030? 6% of the E the cooler units’ steam needs. needs. steam units’ cooler the of 100% meet to produce to used be will heat solar The fragrances. and flavours produces which Spain, in based Givaudan group Swiss the of aunit is It complex. more is site second The area. delivery its in 10–12°C and production for 6–8°C of temperatures requires that company meal pre-prepared is a first The sites. pilot two on years three for tested be will and Malta Germany Denmark Greece Austria Cyprus Source: EurObserv’ER 2019 Source: EurObserv’ER Estimate. ** collectors. unglazed including technologies, * All Country Poland Belgium Italy Portugal Croatia Ireland Spain Luxembourg Slovenia Czechia France*** Bulgaria Latvia Kingdom United Hungary Netherlands Slovakia Sweden Total EU28 Total Lithuania Romania Finland Estonia uro p ean demand demand ean – EUROBSERV’ER –JUNE 2019 – EUROBSERV’ER BAROMETERS POWER SOLAR CONCENTRATED AND THERMAL SOLAR - water production systems are rarely pro hot and heating of changes that is curb market development. Another identified to obstacle an remains equipment in investment Europe, Heat Solar by mark Den in network aheating for kWh per cents euro 3.5 than less and system phon athermosy via water hot producing for kWh per cents 2euro at put costs duction pro energy competitive very the Despite purchase. of time the at is life service 20-year installation’s an over bill energy the of part main the thermal, solar of case the in because investment, initial the is development sector to barrier main The this timeline (graph 3). by Mtoe 2.6 to rise only will contribution heat’s solar EurObserv’ER, to According Mtoe). 6.45 (i.e. 2020 for targets their *** Overseas departments included. departments Overseas *** m 2 /inhab. and kWh/inhab.) in 2018** kWh/inhab.) and /inhab. 2 /inhab. 1,238 0,068 0,048 0,069 0,069 0,104 0,116 0,111 0,437 0,041 0,007 0,061 0,092 0,058 0,125 0,056 0,045 0,012 0,013 0,233 0,011 0,011 0,153 0,038 0,273 0,067 0,022 0,033 0,579 kWth/inhab. 0,405 0,008 0,048 0,009 0,009 0,040 0,087 0,005 0,041 0,306 0,065 0,107 0,081 0,043 0,007 0,049 0,047 0,077 0,034 0,047 0,163 0,867 0,073 0,191 0,015 0,023 0,029 0,031 0,027 - - - - in buildings and and buildings in energy thermal solar that projected has IRENA case, last this In 6.2%. be would contribution thermal’s solar while demand heat the of 34% reach would share energy renewable the nario, sce REmap the case, ambitious most the In 3%. just be would contribution mal’s ther solar 2030, in demand heat total the of 24% reaches only share energy erence scenario where the renewable aref of case the In 34%. achieving and 2030 by 32% of target current the ping outstrip to lead even would This grow. renewable sources’ energy share is to the if explore to solutions relevant most the of one is industry and buildings in thermal solar of use the photovoltaic, solar alongside that indicate clusions renewable energies by The 2030. con likely to accelerate the deployment of mixes solution energy renewable fective cost-ef most the studied report The sion. conjunction with the European Commis in produced and 2018 in Agency) Energy IRENA (the International Renewable by published report, Union” European “Renewable for Prospects Energy the the by shown as high very remains potential sector’s thermal solar The technologies. the between competition for conditions equal creating and paigns cam communication active are action ity author public to open avenues main two The forward. step this make to consumers encourage to surely is role authorities’ public 40%”. The to up of savings energy to lead that systems hybrid become ing heat central wood-fired and pumps heat solar thermal energy, condensing boilers, with combined “When claims, association industry heating German the BDH, of tor Lücke,terms. Andreas the general direc efficiency energy in advantage an always is system aheating to collectors thermal solar adding that stress players sector The base. boiler existing the of ernisation mod the in part take to thus is challenges main sector’s the of One system. their of help consumers plan for the replacement to sales in preventively made be must efforts Thus, systems. energy renewable to migrate to harder it makes which type, same the of a solution to resorting ages encour option fastest the required, is problem is serious and a replacement the When system. existing an of down break the following urgency of a matter as undertaken usually are They grammed. ------

solar thermal and concentrated solar power barometers 12 solar thermal and concentrated solar power barometers 13 – EUROBSERV’ER –JUNE 2019 – EUROBSERV’ER BAROMETERS POWER SOLAR CONCENTRATED AND THERMAL SOLAR Representative European collector manufacturers thermal solar n°Tabl. 6 capacity. installed of m²) million (371 MWth 222 to equates which alone, TWh) PJ (158 571 ate gener could buildings in energy thermal solar total, this Of capacity. installed of m²) million (384 MWth 269 in result would which production, energy of TWh) (192 PJ 691 reach probably would industry Thermosolar Solimpeks Bosch Thermotechnik Dimas GREENoneTEC BDR Thermea Cosmosolar Nobel Arcon-Sunmark Group Vaillant Ariston Delpaso Solar Viessmann Hewalex Eraslanlar Company Source: EurObserv’ER 2019. Source: EurObserv’ER plate manufacturers. plate flat of ranking the of places 5 top trust companies the Chinese based

Austria /China Austria Denmark Germany Germany Germany Slovakia Bulgaria Country - Poland Greece Greece Turkey Turkey Spain Spain Italy Source :Manufacturers’informationmarketsurveybysolricoinFebruary/March2019,www.solrico.com area produced in 2018 in m in 2018 in produced area (Collector worldwide manufacturers collector plate flat largest the of Ranking n° 2 Graph. Greenonetec/Haier, Austria/China Bosch Thermotechnik,Germany Jinheng Solar(BTE),China Arcon-Sunmark, Denmark Linuo Paradigma, China Thermosolar, Slovakia Modulo Solar, Mexico Viessmann, Germany Delpaso Solar, China BDR Thermea, Spain BDR Thermea, Cosmosolar, Greece Flat plate collectors manufacturer and heating equipment supplier equipment heating and manufacturer collectors plate Flat Solahart, Australia Solahart, Eraslandar, Turkey Sunte Solar, China Solimpeks, Turkey Vaillant, Germany Hewalex, PolandHewalex, Heating equipment supplier / Flat plate collector manufacturer collector plate /Flat supplier equipment Heating Five Star, China Nobel, Bulgaria Emmvee, India Sunrain, China Dimas, Greece Ariston, Italy 2 ) Flat plate and vacuum tube collectors manufacturer collectors tube vacuum and plate Flat Heating equipment supplier / solar thermal /solar supplier equipment Heating thermal /solar supplier equipment Heating Heating equipment supplier / solar thermal /solar supplier equipment Heating Flat plate and vacuum tube collectors tube vacuum and plate Flat Flat plate collectors manufacturer collectors Flat plate Flat plate collectors manufacturer collectors Flat plate Flat plate collectors manufacturer collectors Flat plate manufacturer collectors Flat plate manufacturer collectors Flat plate manufacturer collectors Flat plate manufacturer collectors Flat plate Flat plate collectors manufacturer collectors Flat plate Activity Source: EurObserv’ER 2019 Source: EurObserv’ER (National Action Plans) (in Action ktoe) roadmap (National Energy Renewable NREAP the against trend current the of Comparison n° 3 Graph.

Solarheateurope – EUROBSERV’ER –JUNE 2019 – EUROBSERV’ER BAROMETERS POWER SOLAR CONCENTRATED AND THERMAL SOLAR 2015  3 035  2016  2017  2018 2018 6 451  2020 production line in Finland production Solar thermal collectors NREAP Roadmap Curent Trend

solar thermal and concentrated solar power barometers 14 15 16

parabolic trough plant (50 MW, 10 hours feels that CSP will play an essential role Concentrated Solar storage). Lastly Morocco commissioned in the renewable energy mix, given its Concentrated solar power plant in Italy Power the Noor II and Noor III plants. Noor capacity to supply controllable renew- II is a 200-MW parabolic trough plant able energy, by supplementing variable (7 hours storage), while Noor III is a energy sources like solar photovoltaic Global electricity capacity 150-MW tower plant (7 hours storage). and wind energy. at 5 663 MW Protermosolar has added to its list the French Ello de Suncnim Fresnel plant (9 Most of the current CSP development MW, 4 hours storage), which has been at The European market is work is going on in countries whose test stage since the end of 2018. Its offi- dormant sunlight conditions are highly advan- cial commissioning is scheduled in 2019. tageous such as China, India, Austra- Protermosolar’s figures suggest that The European Union market has been lia, South Africa, the Gulf states and the above plants commissioned in 2018 dormant ever since the end of wave of North Africa. In the latest update of the should add about 1 000 MW of capacity installations, that was concentrated in Protermosolar database (Spanish Asso- (959 MW to be precise). This flurry of Spain between 2007 and 2014. There was ciation for the Promotion of the Ther- construction should be followed by 2 no change in 2018, so the meter is stuck mosolar Industry), the global capacity 166 MW of capacity currently under con- at 2 314.3 MW, including pilot facilities of these plants was put at 5 663 MW by struction across the globe. In 2019, new and demonstrators (Graph 3 and table the end of 2018 (4 704 MW by the end projects for 1 045 MW are awaited in 7). This capacity is predominantly of 2017). In 2018, 11 new plants were China and the Middle-East. The signifi- concentrated in Spain where the commissioned across the world, most cant drop in production costs has paved installed capacity officially amounts of which had a storage system. We draw the way for this positive thrust. The lat- to 2 303 MW (i.e. 99% of all European attention to the South African plants – est IRENA Renewable Power Generation Union capacity). Furthermore, Spain’s CSP-F © Ilanga I (100 MW, 5 hours storage) and Costs report published in 2018 claims sunshine conditions in 2018 were Kathu Solar Park (100 MW, 4.5 hours that the Levelized Cost of Energy (LCOE) poorer than in 2017, when its output storage), both using parabolic troughs. of CSP projects has fallen to 18.6 ¢ per broke a sector record. According to grid As for China, three new projects went kWh (about 16.4 euro cents per kWh), operator REE (Red Electrica de España), on-grid: the CGN Delingha parabolic which is a 26% drop on its 2017 level nett output was measured at 4 424 GWh trough plant (50 MW, 9 hours storage) and 46% drop on the 2010 level. IRENA in 2018 compared to 5 348 GWh in 2017 (5

solar solar concentrated and thermal power barometers and the Shouhang Dunhuang (100 MW, forecasts that the LCOE could shortly 071 GWh in 2016). The prospects for 2019 solar solar concentrated and thermal power barometers 11 hours storage) and Supcon Delingha fall by 6–10 ¢ per kWh as tender mech- are better. Over the first 5 months of the (50 MW, 6 hours storage) tower plants. anisms encourage lower costs. Installa- year, output had already risen to 2 026 India, which has added no additional tion costs fell by 28% in 2018, settling at GWh according to REE, which is an 8% capacity since 2014, inaugurated the a mean of $ 5 204 per kW, which is half of increase over the same period in 2018. Graph. n° 3 Dhursar Fresnel plant (100 MW, no stor- the cost borne by projects installed in In 2019 the sector broke three monthly European Union concentrated solar power capacity trend (MWe) age) in 2018. In the Middle-East, Saudi 2011. The load factor for new projects output records in February (262 GWh), Arabia connected the Waad Al Shamal also rose sharply, by about 45% in 2018 March (475 GWh) and May (741 GWh).   .   .   .   .   .   . ISCC parabolic trough plant (50 MW, (39% in 2017), helped by technological Protermosolar claims that this data no storage) and Kuwait the Shagaya advances on the storage front. IRENA justifies the confidence deserved by  .

A multifaceted technology that is complementary to others . The various concentrated solar power technologies include tower plants whose heliostats concentrate the sun’s rays on a receiver at the top of a tower, Fresnel collector plants whose rows of flat mirrors concentrate the sun’s . rays on a tube receiver, parabolic trough plants whose collectors concentrate the sun’s rays on a tube and parabolic collectors that use a parabolic mirror to reflect the sun’s rays onto a convergence point. CSP has the advantage of being able to even out its output thanks to its thermal buffer storage, which usually takes the form of molten  . salts heated in a tank to keep them at high temperature, thus extending operating time by ten hours or so. Hybri- . dization of CSP plants with other renewable energy sources (biomass, photovoltaic, geothermal…) or with natural . gas may offer benefits in terms of services provided to the grid. Hybridization between CSP and PV in particular enables the synergies of their technologies to be harnessed because the energy generated during the day comes 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 from photovoltaic collector fields at extremely competitive cost, whereas from sundown, when photovoltaic production wanes and the prices and demand for electricity peak, the CSP plant comes into its own by drawing on its storage capacities. Source: EurObserv’ER 2019.

SOLAR THERMAL AND CONCENTRATED SOLAR POWER BAROMETERS – EUROBSERV’ER – JUNE 2019 SOLAR THERMAL AND CONCENTRATED SOLAR POWER BAROMETERS – EUROBSERV’ER – JUNE 2019 17 18

this technology and the relevance of and future transmission infrastructures investors are waiting for publication of plant has been designed to run at with an ORC biomass plant which was signed a contract in February 2018 proposing more extensive deployment and thus contributing to grid stability. the decree defining the remuneration this capacity for 24 hours thanks to a commissioned on 30 December 2016. for the construction of Spain’s first of CSP over the next decade. An example The EU development project situation terms of the future energy output. storage system but can also operate for The project, whose thermal capacity is big hybrid solar-biomass heating is the Spanish National Integrated has changed very little (table 8). In The commercial commissioning date is 12 hours at a capacity of 50 MW. 16.6 MWth, can produce both heat and network. The site will be equipped with Energy and Climate Plan (PNIEC) France, the Ello plant in the Eastern suspended for the time being. The only At the same time, CSP technology is electricity. The solar part uses a 26 929- a 30-MW biomass boiler and a 12-MW project to achieve the targets by the Pyrenees has been operating since project left in the running in Cyprus is looking for new outlets in industrial m2 area of parabolic trough collectors. CSP plant. Start-ups like the Spanish 2030 timeline (see further on). The the end of October 2018 but will not the EOS project, at Alassa, near the city and heating network applications. In In France, Helioclim delivered France’s firm Solatom are concentrating on the association pleads for storage systems go on-grid until 2019; thus, its output of Limassol. According to the Energy this segment it is in direct competition biggest CSP plant in January 2018 to small installation market. The firm has to be equipped to installations that will be included in the 2019 statistics. Ministry and the developers, the project with flat-plate collector technology, supply a heating network for the Saint developed a 14.5-kW turnkey system have none, in addition to developing Four larger projects (Solecaldo 41 MW initially planned for 2018 should come in a niche market that should pick up Christol d’Albion (84) military defence based on Fresnel mirror technology new CSP plants to complement the at Aidone, Sicily; Reflex Solar Power 12.5 on stream no later than the end of 2021. steam with the new orientation of base. The heat production system of to supply heat to small industrial expansion of photovoltaic projects. A MW at Gela, Sicily; Lentini 55 MW, Sicily This tower plant project is somewhat the European RES directive. Denmark this relatively small (560 kW) 6-km long plants. The target sectors range from common strategy would make it easier and the hybrid solar CSP project 10 MW exceptional as it will have two 25-MW has pioneered this technology by network comprises 750 m² of mirrors dairy, textile and chemical industries to integrate renewable energies into at San Quirico, Sardinia) are still on generators yet only one 25-MW capacity commissioning a project developed by associated with a wood-fired heating to industrial laundries and sewage the system, by optimising the existing track for completion by 2020–2021, but tranche effectively guaranteed. The Aalborg CSP combining a CSP installation plant. In Spain, Alcalá Ecoenergías treatment plants.

Tabl. n° 7

Concentrated solar power plants in operation at the end of 2018. (Source: EurObserv’ER 2019) Moron Parabolic trough 50 2012 Solaben 3 Parabolic trough 50 2012 Project Technology Capacity (MW) Commisionning date Guzman Parabolic trough 50 2012 La Africana Parabolic trough 50 2012 Spain Olivenza 1 Parabolic trough 50 2012 Planta Solar 10 Central receiver 10 2007 Helios 2 Parabolic trough 50 2012 Andasol-1 Parabolic trough 50 2008 Orellana Parabolic trough 50 2012 Planta Solar 20 Central receiver 20 2009 Extresol-3 Parabolic trough 50 2012 Ibersol Ciudad Real (Puertollano) Parabolic trough 50 2009 Solaben 2 Parabolic trough 50 2012

solar solar concentrated and thermal power barometers 1 (prototype) Linear Fresnel 1,4 2009 solar solar concentrated and thermal power barometers Parabolic trough + HB 22.5 2012 Alvarado I La Risca Parabolic trough 50 2009 Termosol 1 Parabolic trough 50 2013 Andasol-2 Parabolic trough 50 2009 Termosol 2 Parabolic trough 50 2013 Extresol-1 Parabolic trough 50 2009 Solaben 1 Parabolic trough 50 2013 Extresol-2 Parabolic trough 50 2010 Casablanca Parabolic trough 50 2013 Solnova 1 Parabolic trough 50 2010 Enerstar Parabolic trough 50 2013 Solnova 3 Parabolic trough 50 2010 Solaben 6 Parabolic trough 50 2013 Solnova 4 Parabolic trough 50 2010 Arenales Parabolic trough 50 2013 La Florida Parabolic trough 50 2010 Majadas Parabolic trough 50 2010 Total Spain 2 303.9 La Dehesa Parabolic trough 50 2010 Italy Palma del Río II Parabolic trough 50 2010 Archimede (prototype) Parabolic trough 5 2010 Manchasol 1 Parabolic trough 50 2010 Archimede-Chiyoda Molten Salt Test Loop Parabolic trough 0.35 2013 Manchasol 2 Parabolic trough 50 2011 Freesun Linear Fresnel 1 2013 Gemasolar Central receiver 20 2011 Zasoli Linear Fresnel + HB 0.2 2014 Palma del Río I Parabolic trough 50 2011 Rende Linear Fresnel + HB 1 2014 Lebrija 1 Parabolic trough 50 2011 Ottana Linear Fresnel 0.6 2017 Andasol-3 Parabolic trough 50 2011 Total Italy 8.15 Helioenergy 1 Parabolic trough 50 2011 Germany Astexol II Parabolic trough 50 2011 Jülich Central receiver 1.5 2010 Arcosol-50 Parabolic trough 50 2011 Termesol-50 Parabolic trough 50 2011 Total Germany 1.5 Aste 1A Parabolic trough 50 2012 France Aste 1B Parabolic trough 50 2012 La Seyne-sur-Mer (prototype) Linear Fresnel 0.5 2010 Helioenergy 2 Parabolic trough 50 2012 Augustin Fresnel 1 (prototype) Linear Fresnel 0.25 2011 Puerto Errado II Linear Fresnel 30 2012 Total France 0.75 Solacor 1 Parabolic trough 50 2012 Total European Union 2 314.3 Solacor 2 Parabolic trough 50 2012 Helios 1 Parabolic trough 50 2012 Source: EurObserv’ER 2019

SOLAR THERMAL AND CONCENTRATED SOLAR POWER BAROMETERS – EUROBSERV’ER – JUNE 2019 SOLAR THERMAL AND CONCENTRATED SOLAR POWER BAROMETERS – EUROBSERV’ER – JUNE 2019 19 20

New ambitions for 2030 to be preliminary indications coming from that the future of Europe CSP sector will confirmed National Energy and Climate Plan (PNEC) be largely concentrated in Spain. The Solar research center in Austria projects. This is because, according to the Spanish PNIEC project has the merit of By 2020, the European sector’s growth Union of Energy governance rules, which giving a medium- and long-term horizon prospects will be far below the targets came into force on 24 December 2018, to the sector, with a 4 803-MW installed set by the member countries national the EU countries were obliged to draw collector base in 2025 in its “target renewable energy action plans (graph 4). up PNEC plans for 2021–2030 and submit scenario” (for output of 13 953 TWh) and Every year it becomes clearer that if the a draft plan to the European Commission 7 303 MW installed collector base in European sector is to be relaunched, it will before 31 December 2018 followed by the 2030 (for output of 22 578 TWh), which not occur before the next decade because final plans before 31 December 2019. equates to 5 GW of capacity on top of of project delays. Its future is currently The first documents posted on the the current base (equating to 17.6 TWh being debated by the Member States with European Commission website suggest of additional output). That would take

Tabl. n° 8 Concentrated solar power plants under developement at the end of 2018

Commer- Capacity cial date of Project Project's holders Location Technology [MW] operation expected Italy Flumini Mannu FLUMINI MANNU LTD Villasor / Sardinia 55 Parabolic Through n.a Carlentini/Melilli Lentini LENTINI LTD 55 Parabolic Through n.a / Sicily Solecaldo MF ENERGY Aidone / Sicily 41 Linear Fresnel n.a Reflex Solar Power REFLEX SOLAR POWER Gela / Sicily 12.5 Parabolic Through n.a SAN QUIRICO SOLAR San Quirico /

solar solar concentrated and thermal power barometers CSP San Quirico 10 Parabolic Through n.a solar solar concentrated and thermal power barometers POWER Sardinia San Severo / San Severo 3SP 10 Central receiver n.a Puglia Non connu / Not known SOL.IN.PAR Partanna / Sicily 4.2 Not known n.a TRINACRIA SOLAR Bilancia 1 Palermo / Sicily 4 Linear Fresnel n.a

POWER Austria Ecotherm TRINACRIA SOLAR Calliope Trapani / Sicily 4 Linear Fresnel n.a POWER TRINACRIA SOLAR Stromboli Solar Trapani / Sicily 4 Linear Fresnel n.a POWER Tabl. n° 9 Non connu / Not known SRL Belpasso / Sicily 1.2 Not known n.a Main European CSP project developers Archimede ARCHIMEDE SRL Melilli / Sicily 1 Parabolic Through n.a Francofonte / Non connu / Not known ESSECV S.R.L. 1 Not known n.a Sicily MW developped or Company Country Activity Noragugume / under construction ENAS ENAS 0.7 Not known n.a Sardinia Promoter - Project developer - EPC - Engineering - O&M - Spain 620 Total Italy 203.6 Components Cyprus Cobra Spain Promoter - Project developer - EPC - Engineering - O&M 480 Eos Project Solastor Alassa 50 Central receiver 2021 Total Cyprus 50 Acciona Energy Spain EPC - Project developer - Promoter 314 France eLLo Suncnim LIo, Pyrenees 9 Linear Fresnel 2019 Ibereolica Spain Engineering - EPC - O&M - Project developer 300 Total France 9 Torresol Energy Spain Promoter - Project developer - O&M - Engineering 120 Greece FCC Energia /Enerstar Spain Promoter - Project developer 120 MINOS CSP tower Nur Energy Crete 50 Central receiver n.a. Hyperion Spain Promoter - Project developer - O&M 103 Total Greece 50 Total European Union 312.6 Samca Spain Promoter - Project developer - O&M 100 Source: EurObserv’ER 2019 Source: EurObserv’ER 2019 (based on an extensive desk research).

SOLAR THERMAL AND CONCENTRATED SOLAR POWER BAROMETERS – EUROBSERV’ER – JUNE 2019 SOLAR THERMAL AND CONCENTRATED SOLAR POWER BAROMETERS – EUROBSERV’ER – JUNE 2019 21 22

the CSP contribution alone to 6.7% of project is lower with 70 MW (for output trajectory if it is to achieve a suitable the country’s electricity output, which of 260 GWh). For the time being, Cyprus installation level. Concentrated solar power plant is similar to that of nuclear energy (7.3%). and Portugal are not currently planning on military field in Vaucluse, France While less ambitious, the Italian PNEC any additional projects. Initially, the project also demonstrates that Italy European Union’s CSP electrical capacity still intends to count on the CSP sector could contribute up to 8.3 GW by 2030. CSP with 250 MW in 2025 and 850 MW in 2030. technology has proven its reliability and Turning to the other countries whose ruggedness, its capacity to contribute sunshine conditions are conducive to to balancing the grid, but it will have harnessing CSP technologies, the Greek to confirm its current cost-lowering

Graph. n° 5 6 594 Comparison of the current trend against the NREAP (National Renewable Energy Action Plans) roadmap (in MW)

NREAP Roadmaps

3 427

Current Trend  . . . . . solar solar concentrated and thermal power barometers solar solar concentrated and thermal power barometers

2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 Source: EurObserv’ER 2019

Sources: AGEE Stat (Germany), EBHE (Greece), ASIT (Spain), PlanEnergi (Denmark), Assotermica-Anima (Italy), Observ’ER (France), SPIUG (Pologne), Statistics Austria, ATTB (Belgium), CBS (Netherlands), Ministry of Industry and Trade (Czechia), SEAI (Ireland Rep.), STATEc (Luxembourg), NSO, Malta, IEA SHC, Solar Heat Europe, EurObserv’ER, Protermosolar Helioclim

Funded by the

This barometer was prepared by Observ’ER in the scope of the EurObserv’ER project, which groups together Observ’ER (FR), ECN part of TNO (NL), RENAC (DE), Frankfurt School of Finance and Management (DE), Fraunhofer ISI (DE) and Statistics Netherlands (NL). The next barometer will cover This document has been prepared for the European Commission however it reflects the views only of the authors, and the Commission cannot be held responsible for any use which may be made of the information contained therein. biofuels.

SOLAR THERMAL AND CONCENTRATED SOLAR POWER BAROMETERS – EUROBSERV’ER – JUNE 2019 SOLAR THERMAL AND CONCENTRATED SOLAR POWER BAROMETERS – EUROBSERV’ER – JUNE 2019