DOCSLIB.ORG

Copyrighted Material

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Copyrighted Material JWST613-SUBIND JWST613-Tetel Printer: Yet to Come August 1, 2015 9:50 Trim: 244mm × 170mm Subject Index Page numbers referring to figures are in italics. abjad writing, 102 Altai Mountains, 206 Abkhazia, 238, 241–242 alveolar trill, 14 Ablaut, 117 Amazon Basin, 6, 183 Aboriginal Australians, 22–23, 28, 164 America, 36 absolute frames of reference, 27, 262–263, see also Mesoamerica; United States 288 American Airlines, 9–10 academies, 127–129, 137 analogy, 171–172, 216 Accademia della Crusca, 127 analytic morphology, 52 accusative alignment, 34–35, 86, 180, 208, Anatolian steppes theory, 175 276 Anderson, Benedict, 74 accusative case, 301–302 Anglican Church, 108 Adams, John, 128 angloversals, 216 adverbs, 216, 217, 262 Angola, 139 African Americans, 79, 143, 314 animal communication, 23–24 agglutinative morphology, 52, 170, 178, anthropometric traits, 270 181, 208, 302, 316, 353 antipassives, 345–346 agriculture, 175 aphasia, 265 Ainu people, 80–81 Apple Corporation, 305, 326 Alexander III of Russia, 68 Arabic script, 106, 108–109, 114, 299–300 alleles, 163 areal classification, 48–51 alliteration, 30 COPYRIGHTEDareoversals, MATERIAL 216 alphabets, 102–103 Arjia Rinpoche, 126 Cyrillic, 110–111 Arnaz, Desi, 17 genealogy, 122 ASCII-ization, 299–300 Greek, 103–105 aspect, 209, 217, 344 Roman, 103–105, 106, 109, 123, aspiration, 286 299–300 ASPM gene, 274–275 Languages in the World: How History, Culture, and Politics Shape Language, First Edition. Julie Tetel Andresen and Phillip M. Carter. © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Published 2016 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. JWST613-SUBIND JWST613-Tetel Printer: Yet to Come August 1, 2015 9:50 Trim: 244mm × 170mm 360 Subject Index Assad, Bashar al-, 85 boustrophedon, 103 assigned identities, 77 Brady, William, 333 Ataturk,¨ Mustafa Kemal, 109, 128 brain, 264 auditory cortex, 266 Brazil, 81–82, 84 Austin, Stephen, 4, 155 ethnic Japanese in, 81 Australia, 145, 181, 333 BRCA, 162, 163 Austro-Hungarian Empire, 68 Bridgestone Corporation, 326 Avars, 209 British Empire, 233, 235–236 Azerbaijan, 114, 128 see also United Kingdom Aztecs, 96 British Museum, 195 British Raj, 136–137 babies, 267 Brittany, 6 Bactria-Sogdiana, 175–176 Broca’s area, 265 bai yue, 201 Brussels, 132 Bali, 262, 289 Buddhism, 151–152, 214, 320 Balkans, 203–204 Burkina Faso, 131 Bangladesh, 136 Burma, 232–234 Baran, Dominika, 309 Burmans, 233–234 Bar-Kokhba Revolt, 107 Bush, George H.W., 66 baroque accretions, 281 Bushmen, 287–288 Barrett, Louise, 268 basal ganglia, 265 Cacaopera, 330 Basque people, 186–187 calendar plants, 333 Basque separatism, 244–245 California, 16, 282–283 Beauzee,´ Nicolas, 71 Gold Rush, 283 Bedouin, 119 calques, 16, 200, 216, 353 bees, 23 Calvet, Louis-Jean, 334 Beggar Prince, The,19 Cambodia, 215 Belgium, 132 Campbell, Lyle, 177 Bellwoor, Peter, 175 Canada, 144–145, 245–246 Beowulf, 280 Cape Verde, 281 biasing effect, 275 Caribbean, 56 Bible, 107–108, 112–113, 204 cases book of Genesis, 213 accusative, 301–302 BigBangTheory, 308 directive, 303–304 Bildung,73 caste nouns, 252–253 bilingualism, 8–9, 142–143, 227 Catalonia, 140 see also multilingualism catastrophism, 12 Blommaert, Jan, 113, 325 Catherine the Great, 127 blood typing, 182 Catholicism, 106, 214–215 Bloomfield, Leonard, 279 Caucasus, 178–179, 278 Boas, Franz, 279, 283 Cavalli-Sforza, Luigi, 78, 186–187, 270, Bolsheviks, 110–111 272 bonobos, 25 Central Asia, 179 Bopp, Franz, 42, 43 central languages, 335 borrowings, 170–171 cerebellum, 265 bottleneck, 271, 353 Chad, 236 JWST613-SUBIND JWST613-Tetel Printer: Yet to Come August 1, 2015 9:50 Trim: 244mm × 170mm Subject Index 361 chain shift, 314, 321 ejective, 34, 285–286 Chaucer, Geoffrey, 130 loss, 46 Chechnya, 238, 239–240 Consumption Guide, 216 Chennai, 250 contingency, 36 Cherokee people, 36–37, 104–105, 109, contour tones, 49, 354 250 coordinations, 26 Cheshirization, 148 copula verbs, 149–150 Chiapas, 247 count nouns, 31 Chicago School, 326 Cowell, Andrew, 304 Chichen Itza, 206 creoles, 216, 218–219, 280–281, 310–313, children, 262 321 Chile, 339 see also pidgin languages China, 97, 101–102, 108, 111–112, 131, Croatia, 53, 63 201–203 Cubans, 10 government-encouraged migrations, cuneiform script, 95, 97 201–203 Cyrillic alphabet, 96, 110–111, 315 historical dialects, 306–307 language control, 145 Dalai Lama, 126, 147, 320 Tibet and, 125–126 dancing, 29 women in, 113 Darfur, 235, 236–237 Chinese script, 97, 104 Darwin, Charles, 12, 185, 269 choice, 341–342 databases, 278 chromosomes, 162, 163 de Gaulle, Charles, 246 Churchill, Winston, 66 de Landa, Diego, 96 Chu-Sung, 97 dead reckoning, 22, 26–27, 30 citizenship, 79–80 Dediu, Dan, 275 classification, areal, 48–51 deep time, 259–260 classifiers, 31–32, 220, 225–226 deixis, 261–262 click consonants, 272, 284–285 Denisovians, 164–165 clitic pronouns, 50, 88–89, 203–205, 209, Department of Motor Vehicles, 146 296–298, 354 dependent marking, 277 Coahuila, 4 dependent noun, 17, 55 code switching, 8, 18–19 derived gene, 274 coffee, 330 Devan¯agari, 96, 103, 123 cognates, 45–46, 172–173 Devy, Ganesh, 57–58 cognition, 23, 26–28 dialect chains, 7, 11, 75, 76, 284, 287, 306, cognitive domains, 8 309, 329 colonialism, 138–139, 200, 215, 235–236 dictionaries, 13, 75, 117, 337 see also postcolonial states diglossia, 56, 118–119, 254, 299, 354 colonization, 199 diphthongs, 44, 191 complexity, 279–282 directive case, 303–304 compromise pattern, 131 discourses, 32–33 Confucianism, 214, 215 dissimilation, 46 connected traits, 270 Dixon, R.M.W., 181, 277 consonants, 13–14 DNA, 164, 182, 270–274 click, 272, 284–285 dollar sign, 100 clusters, 316–317 Domergue, Urbain, 72 JWST613-SUBIND JWST613-Tetel Printer: Yet to Come August 1, 2015 9:50 Trim: 244mm × 170mm 362 Subject Index dominant language pattern, 132, 136–139 Ethnologue, 107 Dominican Republic, 249–250 ethnosyntax, 29, 292, 319, 333, 354 drift, 273, 354 etymology, 50, 98, 195, 210 Dryden, John, 130 Eurasian steppe spread zone, 206–207 Dubar, Robin, 268 European Union, 326 Duke University, 160, 310 Euskadi Ta Askatasuna (ETA), 244 evolution, 279 ears, 266 exclusive pronouns, 253–254, 276 East India Company, 40 expansion, 175, 199 East Timor, 138 rhizome model, 213 Ebrima, 338–339 education, 139–143 Facebook, 338 Egyptian Revolution, 301 families of languages, 168 Egyptian script, 100 Farruko, 15 Egyptians, 95–96 feet, 268–269 ejectives, 34, 178, 285–286, 343–344, 354 Fishman, Joshua, 142 El Salvador, 330 forkhead proteins, 271 Elizabeth II, 130 Formosa, 173 emblems, 268 FOXP2 gene, 271 emoji, 123 frames of reference, 22–23, 26–28, 27, 34, emotion, 221 262–263 empires, 110 absolute, 27, 262–263, 288 Encephalitozoon intestinalis, 162 relative, 27, 263 Encyclopedie´ ,91 France, 72–73, 76, 76–78 encyclopedist universalism, 195 Brittany, 6 endangerment, 334–335 Francia, Jose´ Gaspard Rodriguez de, 134 revitalization, 336–339 Franco, Francisco, 244 endearments, 16 Franklin, Benjamin, 74–75 Enee, 337 Freedom Fries, 145 Enfield, Nick, 29 French Revolution, 72–73 England, 56 Friedman, Milton, 325 English for the Children, 141–142 Friends, 308 English as a Second Language (ESL), Front de liberation´ de Quebec´ (FLQ), 246 142–144 functional classification, 55–57 Enlightenment, 70 fundamental frequency, 266 epigenesis, 269, 354 fusional morphology, 53 epistemology, 69–71 equality, 32 Gaddafi, Muammar al-, 236 equilibrium linguistics, 279 Gal, Susan, 347 ergative alignment, 35, 86–87, 148–149, Galicia, 243 276, 344–346, 354 Gandhi, Indira, 137 Eritrea, 139 Gandhi, Mohandas, 136 Estonia, 144 Gangtai, 308 ethnic cleansing, 232, 239 gender systems, 14–15 ethnic identity, 77–78 generous listening, 260 ethnogroups, 79, 129, 135, 160, 178, genes, 162 230–232, 237–240, 354 genetic classification, 46–48 JWST613-SUBIND JWST613-Tetel Printer: Yet to Come August 1, 2015 9:50 Trim: 244mm × 170mm Subject Index 363 genetic code, 269 group identity, 7 genetics, 162–166, 176, 269–270, 270–275 Group Keepers of the Basque Language, mutations, 274 128 see also DNA; genotype Guatemala, 324–325, 343 Genghis Khan, 109, 207, 292, 294, 301, Gugu-Yaway people, 333 315 Guinea, 338 genitive case, 302–303 Guinea-Bissau, 281 genocide, 232, 239 Gutenberg, Johannes, 92 genome, 162 genotype, 163, 269, 272, 355 H languages, 56, 254 Georges-Picot, Franc¸ois, 65 Hadden, Alfred Cort, 164 Georgia, 240–241, 338 Haiti, 71 German Romanticism, 73–74 hamza, 116–117 Germany, 73–74, 79–80 Han Chinese, 201 germination, 46 Han Dynasty, 101 Ghonim, Wael, 301 hands, 267–268 Giddens, Anthony, 325 Hangzhou Bay, 173 Gil, David, 282 haplogroup, 164, 177, 179, 182, 202, Gimbutas, 176 273–274 globalization, 113, 325–327 haplotypes, 164, 355 1.0 (human global colonization), 164, Harlem, 9–10 183, 200 Harrison, K. David, 332 2.0 (imperial maritime expansion), 215 Hawaii, 188, 218, 281, 304–306 Nepal, 327–328 head marking, 205, 277–278, 295–299 Goldcorp, Inc., 324 head nouns, 17, 55 Gorbachev, Mikhail, 240–242 Hebrew Bible, 107 Goths (subculture), 63 Heller, Monica, 326 grammar Henry VIII of England, 108, 112, 213 convergence, 48, 50 Herder, Johann Gottfried, 73, 79 dialects, 83 Heschel’s area, 265 ergativity, 35, 86–87, 148–149, 276, high language, 115–116, 299 344–346, 354 Hindu law, 41 mixed languages, 12, 16 hiragana, 104 prescriptive, 42–44 Hispaniola, 218, 249–250 word-order typologies, 53–55 Hittites, 174 grammarians, 33, 42–43, 64, 71–72, 112, Ho Chi Minh, 223 117, 130, 355 Hokey-Pokey, 30 Graubunden,¨ 133 Homo habilis, 268–269 Great Migration, 9–10 homonyms, 100 Great Plains, 206 honorifics, 28–29 Great Schism, 105 Horace, 212 Greek alphabet, 103–105 horses, 292–294
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Geddie 1 the USE of OCCITAN DIALECTS in LANGUEDOC
    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by The University of Mississippi Geddie 1 THE USE OF OCCITAN DIALECTS IN LANGUEDOC-ROUSSILLON, FRANCE By Virginia Jane Geddie A thesis submitted to the faculty of The University of Mississippi in partial fulfillment of the requirements of the Sally McDonnell Barksdale Honors College Oxford May 2014 Approved by _______________________________ Advisor: Professor Allison Burkette _______________________________ Reader: Professor Felice Coles _______________________________ Reader: Professor Robert Barnard Geddie 1 Abstract Since the medieval period, the Occitan dialects of southern France have been a significant part of the culture of the Midi region of France. In the past, it was the language of the state and literature. However, Occitan dialects have been in a slow decline, beginning with the Ordinance of Villers-Coterêts in 1539 which banned the use of Occitan in state affairs. While this did little to affect the daily life and usage of Occitan, it established a precedent that is still referred to in modern arguments about the use of regional languages (Costa, 2). In the beginning of the 21st century, the position of Occitan dialects in Midi is precarious. This thesis will investigate the current use of Occitan dialects in and around Montpellier, France, particularly which dialects are most commonly used in the region of Languedoc-Roussillon (where Montpellier is located), the environment in which they are learned, the methods of transmission, and the general attitude towards Occitan. It will also discuss Occitan’s current use in literature, music, and politics. While the primary geographic focus of this thesis will be on Montpellier and its surroundings, it should somewhat applicable to the whole of Occitan speaking France.
    [Show full text]
  • The Use of Occitan Dialects in Languedoc-Roussillon, France
    University of Mississippi eGrove Honors College (Sally McDonnell Barksdale Honors Theses Honors College) 2014 The seU of Occitan Dialects in Languedoc- Roussillon, France Virginia Jane Geddie University of Mississippi. Sally McDonnell Barksdale Honors College Follow this and additional works at: https://egrove.olemiss.edu/hon_thesis Part of the Linguistics Commons Recommended Citation Geddie, Virginia Jane, "The sU e of Occitan Dialects in Languedoc-Roussillon, France" (2014). Honors Theses. 1263. https://egrove.olemiss.edu/hon_thesis/1263 This Undergraduate Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Honors College (Sally McDonnell Barksdale Honors College) at eGrove. It has been accepted for inclusion in Honors Theses by an authorized administrator of eGrove. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Geddie 1 THE USE OF OCCITAN DIALECTS IN LANGUEDOC-ROUSSILLON, FRANCE By Virginia Jane Geddie A thesis submitted to the faculty of The University of Mississippi in partial fulfillment of the requirements of the Sally McDonnell Barksdale Honors College Oxford May 2014 Approved by _______________________________ Advisor: Professor Allison Burkette _______________________________ Reader: Professor Felice Coles _______________________________ Reader: Professor Robert Barnard Geddie 1 Abstract Since the medieval period, the Occitan dialects of southern France have been a significant part of the culture of the Midi region of France. In the past, it was the language of the state and literature. However, Occitan dialects have been in a slow decline, beginning with the Ordinance of Villers-Coterêts in 1539 which banned the use of Occitan in state affairs. While this did little to affect the daily life and usage of Occitan, it established a precedent that is still referred to in modern arguments about the use of regional languages (Costa, 2).
    [Show full text]
  • Levitsky Dissertation
    The Song from the Singer: Personification, Embodiment, and Anthropomorphization in Troubadour Lyric Anne Levitsky Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY 2018 © 2018 Anne Levitsky All rights reserved ABSTRACT The Song from the Singer: Personification, Embodiment, and Anthropomorphization in Troubadour Lyric Anne Levitsky This dissertation explores the relationship of the act of singing to being a human in the lyric poetry of the troubadours, traveling poet-musicians who frequented the courts of contemporary southern France in the twelfth and early thirteenth centuries. In my dissertation, I demonstrate that the troubadours surpass traditionally-held perceptions of their corpus as one entirely engaged with themes of courtly romance and society, and argue that their lyric poetry instead both displays the influence of philosophical conceptions of sound, and critiques notions of personhood and sexuality privileged by grammarians, philosophers, and theologians. I examine a poetic device within troubadour songs that I term ‘personified song’—an occurrence in the lyric tradition where a performer turns toward the song he/she is about to finish singing and directly addresses it. This act lends the song the human capabilities of speech, motion, and agency. It is through the lens of the ‘personified song’ that I analyze this understudied facet of troubadour song. Chapter One argues that the location of personification in the poetic text interacts with the song’s melodic structure to affect the type of personification the song undergoes, while exploring the ways in which singing facilitates the creation of a body for the song.
    [Show full text]
  • Renata Johnson
    THE ROLE OF TV GLOBO INTERNACIONAL FOR BRAZILIAN IMMIGRANTS IN SOUTH FLORIDA AND TORONTO ________________________________________________________________________ A Thesis presented to the Faculty of the Graduate School University of Missouri-Columbia _______________________________________________________________ In Partial Fulfillment Of the Requirements for the Degree Master of Arts ________________________________________________________ by RENATA JOHNSON Dr. Bonnie Brennen, Thesis Supervisor MAY 2006 The undersigned, appointed by the Dean of the Graduate School, have examined the thesis entitled THE ROLE OF TV GLOBO INTERNACIONAL FOR BRAZILIAN IMMIGRANTS IN SOUTH FLORIDA AND TORONTO Presented by Renata Johnson A candidate for the degree of Master of Arts And hereby certify that in their opinion it is worthy of acceptance. ___________________________________________________________ Professor Bonnie Brennen ___________________________________________________________ Professor Byron Scott ____________________________________________________________ Professor Ibitola Pearce ____________________________________________________________ Professor Corinne Valdivia To Rogério Jacques de Moraes Everything I do is to honor your memory, my sweet, humble, righteous, caring, patient, supportive, compassionate, bright, jovial, curious, humanist, selfless and present, always present, my dad… meu adorado pai. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I wish to express my deepest gratitude to Dr. Bonnie Brennen, my committee’s chair and adviser. I had the privilege to have Dr. Brennen as a professor in three classes. Since the first one, a lecture in a large auditorium, Dr Brennen’s teachings have touched my heart and clarified my mind. In her qualitative research classes, she empowers and, most of all, inspires students. It took me three and a half years to complete graduate school. Meanwhile, Dr. Brennen moved to Temple University, where she is currently Vice Provost for Faculty Affairs. Yet, she diligently stood by me, providing prompt feedback, thoughtful suggestions and encouragement.
    [Show full text]
  • The Ulster Scot
    win with ‘we are ulster-scots agency (boord o ulstèr-scotch) official publication SATURDAY NOVEMBER 23, 2019 vertigo’ - page 16 All set for Ulster-Scots Language Week is ulster-scots the real star of channel veteran scots language campaigner social media sensation alistair heather four hit sitcom derry girls? billy kay delivers lecture this leid week presents series on young ulster-scots read more on page 3 read more on page 13 read more on page 15 www.ulsterscotsagency.com 2 SATURDAY JANUARY 20 2018 SATURDAY JANUARY 20 2018 2 ♂ ♂ Saturday, November 23, 2019 www.ulsterscotsagency.com 2 SATURDAY JANUARY 20 2018 SATURDAY JANUARY 20 2018 222 wwwwwwwww..ulster.ulsterulsterscotsagencyscotsagency.com.com Fair faa ye A busy time for KirkSASATURDTURDnaAYAYJAJANUNUARARrrYY202020182018a SASATURDTURDAYAYJAJANUNUARARYY202020182018 Fair faa ye WelcoFaFame toirirthe Jafafanuaraya2018yeyeedition of the Ulster-Scot. ScAA buhobusysyoltitiofmemeDafofoncrreKiKirkrknanarrrraa The New Year has been quick to come round and the Leid Week events at UlsteWer Sclcootmes AgtoenthecyJaarnueardeyep2018in pledanitioninn ofg fothreBeUllfastestr-ScBuotrn. s WeWeekWeFairwhlcolco faameicme hyetowi to thllthisthlaee SpecialJaunJanunuchararon Editionyy20182018Janu ofedared Theityitioio22, Ulster-Scot,nnofcuofthlmintheeUlUl atwhichstesteinr-gr- SchasScinotot thbeen..e ThSce winter hoseason hasolbeen a ofbusy Dance BurnThputs eCo togetherNencwerYe tasarwi a hasthguidePhbe toilen Ulster-ScotchCuqunninick toghcoam Leidme, Al WeekroyunBa d/ inUlster-Scotsanand thd ethe periodScScfor
    [Show full text]
  • Linguicide in the Digital Age: Problems and Possible Solutions
    Ursinus College Digital Commons @ Ursinus College French Summer Fellows Student Research 7-22-2021 Linguicide in the Digital Age: Problems and Possible Solutions Michael Adelson Ursinus College, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.ursinus.edu/french_sum Part of the Bilingual, Multilingual, and Multicultural Education Commons, Civil Law Commons, Comparative and Historical Linguistics Commons, French and Francophone Language and Literature Commons, Language Description and Documentation Commons, Modern Languages Commons, Other Law Commons, and the Typological Linguistics and Linguistic Diversity Commons Click here to let us know how access to this document benefits ou.y Recommended Citation Adelson, Michael, "Linguicide in the Digital Age: Problems and Possible Solutions" (2021). French Summer Fellows. 3. https://digitalcommons.ursinus.edu/french_sum/3 This Paper is brought to you for free and open access by the Student Research at Digital Commons @ Ursinus College. It has been accepted for inclusion in French Summer Fellows by an authorized administrator of Digital Commons @ Ursinus College. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Linguicide in the Digital Age: Problems and Possible Solutions Michael Adelson Summer Fellows 2021 Ursinus College Advisor: Dr. Céline Brossillon Linguicide in the Digital Age 1 Abstract Language is perhaps the most fundamental, elemental biological function of human beings. Language communicates emotions, thoughts, ideas, innovations, hardships, and most importantly, is an expression of culture. With languages disappearing at an accelerated rate today, this paper serves to provide insight into the health and status of seven endangered languages and the methods for their linguistic rejuvenation. The languages in question are Welsh, Scottish Gaelic, Irish, Hopi, Navajo, Breton, and Occitan.
    [Show full text]
  • French and Provençal Lexicography
    Essays Presented to Honor Alexander Herman Schutz French and Provençal Lexicography Edited by Urban T. Holmes and Kenneth R . Scholberg Ohio State University Press $7.50 French and Provençal Lexicography Essays presented to honor Alexander Herman Schutz French and Provençal Lexicography Edited by Urban T. Holmes and Kenneth R. Scholberg Ohio State University Press Copyright © 1964 by the Ohio State University Press All Rights Reserved Library of Congress Catalogue Card Number: 64-17108 'Foreword* WIT H this volume the friends of Alexander Herma n Schutz, the administration of the Ohio State University, the Ohio State Uni­ versity Press, and his colleagues in the Department of Romanc e Languages of the Ohio State University, express their gratitude for the man y years of stimulating and affectionate association they have shared with him. Some of those whom he has known best are not represented in these pages because of other commitments, but all join in wishing him many more happy and fruitful years. Those who have known him well have never found him wanting. Th e articles presented are arranged, roughly, in three categories which emphasize the field of research that have concerned him most: Old French lexicography, Provençal lexicography, and Renaissance French lexicography. Th efields of General Romanc e linguistics and stylistics, in which he has also been interested, are also included. URBAN T. HOLMES KENNETH R. SCHOLBERG -Contents- Alexander Herman Schutz Urban T. Holmes Part I: General and Old French Studies Lexicography and Stylistics
    [Show full text]
  • Linguistic Genocide Linguistic Rights of Minorities As a Blind Spot in International Law: a Study on the Potential for a Convention on Linguistic Genocide
    Ruhr University Bochum European Master’s Degree in Human Rights and Democratization A.Y. 2018/2019 Linguistic Genocide Linguistic rights of minorities as a blind spot in International law: A study on the potential for a convention on linguistic genocide Amir Salimi Prof. Hans Joachim Heintze 1 Abstract Genocide has been happening in societies through different methods throughout history and it has not been limited to modern Nation-State or pre-Westphalia era. However, it was after WWII and witnessing Nazi regime atrocities against the minorities, disabled people, queers and especially the Jews that the international community, specifically the Allies, payed attention to the phenomenon, in order to prevent it from happening in future. The UN founding States adopted the CPPCG in 1948 in accordance to Lemkin`s ideas. Although in the draft, the concept of cultural and linguistic genocide was referred to, in the final ratified version, the concept was restricted to solely physical genocide. This non-prohibition has paved the way for the States in committing linguistic genocide by adopting linguistic and educational policies, with no need to physical genocide. Nevertheless, considering language as a human right and part of cultural rights can contribute to recognizing these measurements as policies as a violation of human rights and prohibition of genocide in general. This recognition not only underlines States` responsibility in protection of minorities and indigenous peoples` cultural rights, but also provides the context for criminalizing such act and policies. However, one should have in mind the two facet function of language; one as a mean for States in order to overcome, overpower and control; and the other as a tool for minorities as potential Nation-States, in order to resist and exercise their autonomy.
    [Show full text]
  • The Charter at Work
    Scripta Neophilologica Posnaniensia . Tom XV, strony: 57–81 Wydział Neofilologii, Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu, 2015 DOI 10.7169/snp.2015.15.05 THE CHARTER AT WORK CAMIEL HAMANS 1. Introduction The relation between language and identity is a direct one, but at the same time is dynamic (cf. Extra and Gorter, 2007). For each individual human being language is unalienable part of his/herself. However, at the moment people share a language this relation also depends on the status of the group they belong to. Is the group the dominant group of a country the language will be described as a standard national language; does the group form a minority the language may be called a minority or regional language, a dialect, slang etc. The way speakers of a language perceive the relation between their identity and their own language may differ according to this status. Till some decades ago only national languages counted, which had the effect that speakers of minority languages were seen as inferior and were supposed to give up their language. Quite often they did since they wanted to become part of the ‘superior’ group. So they gave up part of their identity in exchange for a shared national identity. This situation is a result of 19 th century processes of European nation state formation, in which Herder’s philosophical or ideological idea ‘one language – one state’ echoed. Regional or minority languages and dialects which were not influential or powerful enough to become the official language 1 of the nation ________________ 1 It may be clear that languages do not have power or influence.
    [Show full text]
  • Brazil: “Que País É Este”?
    BRAZIL: “QUE PAÍS É ESTE”? MUSIC AND POWER IN LEGIÃO URBANA Ana Cláudia Lessa Thesis submitted to the University of Nottingham for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy September 2011 0 Abstract This thesis addresses, amongst other issues, the phenomenon of protest music with particular reference to Brazil within its pre- and post-dictatorship period. The time- frame being understood as that which finds its roots many decades prior to the 1964 so-called revolution – a de facto military putsch – and comes to flower in the democratic moment of the 1980s and since. The focus will be, eventually, directed to one of the most celebrated Brazilian rock phenomena, the band Legião Urbana, the impact of which still resonates across the artistic, cultural and political scene in Brazil and beyond. In order to establish the context in which such a claim can be viable, the thesis explores the ideological and historical background to the emergence, on a national, and international, stage of something beyond the artistic and cultural ‗dependence‘ seing before that period within Brazilian music. Key Words Rock‗n‘Roll, Punk rock, protest music, popular culture, BRock, Brazilian music, dictatorship, Legião Urbana. 1 Acknowledgements I would like to thank all my previous colleges and professors who helped me to be here today, contributing in different forms and through different periods of the development of this thesis. Also a great thank you to all my students ever, for their curiosity and interest in everything-Brazilian. Without those students I would not exist as a professional. To Nicholas Shaw, my friend and mentor, who has been such an important influence and inspiration during my stay in the UK, and my love for this green land.
    [Show full text]
  • Gavea­ -Brown
    ;­ GAVEA­ -BROWN A Bilingual Journal of Portuguese American Letters and Studies Revista Bilingue ols. V-VIII de Letras e Estudos an. 1984 Luso- . 1987 -Americanos CO-DIRECTORESIEditors Onesimo Teotonio Almeida, Brown University George Monteiro, Brown University EDITOR EXECUTIVOIMANAGING EDITOR Carlos Jorge Pereira, Brown University COORDENADOR DE RECENSOESI BOOK REVIEW EDITOR Eduardo Mayone Dias, Univ. California, Los Angeles CONSELHO DE REDACc;.XO/EDITORIAL BOARD Domingos de Oliveira Dias, Brown University Francisco Cota Fagundes, Univ. Massachusetts, Amherst Jose Martins Garcia, Universidade dos A {:ores Donaldo Macedo, Univ. Massachusetts, Boston Nelson H. Vieira, Brown University CONSELHO CONSUL TIVOIADVISOR Y BOARD Alice Clemente, Smith College Manuel da Costa Fontes, Kent State University Gerald Moser, P~nn. State University Mario J. B. Raposo, Universidade de Lisboa Raymond Sayers, University of Winsconsin Frederick Williams, Univ. California, Santa Barbara Govea-Brown is published annually by Gavea-Brown Publications spon­ sored by the Center for Portuguese and Brazilian Studies, Brown University. Manuscripts on Portuguese-American letters and/or studies are welcome, as well as original creative writing. All submissions should be accompanied by a self­ addressed stamped envelope to Editor, Govea-Brown Center for Portuguese and Brazilian Studies Brown University Providence, RI 02912 Capa de Rogerio Silva GAVEA-BROWN" Revista Bilingue de Letras e Estudos Luso-Americanos A Bilingual Journal ofPortuguese-American Letters and Studies Vols. V-VIII Numbers 1-2 Jan. 1984-Dec. 1987 SUMARIO/CONTENTS ArtigoslEssays The United States in Myth and Fact: Two Portuguese Views ........................ 5 John Austin Kerr, Jr. Contracts for Laborers from the Azores Entering Canada in the Early Nine­ teen Fifties ...................................................................................... 12 Grace M.
    [Show full text]
  • Latin Models of Authority and the Compilation of Troubadour Songbooks
    Scribes and Singers: Latin Models of Authority and the Compilation of Troubadour Songbooks by Christopher J. Davis A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (Comparative Literature) in The University of Michigan 2011 Doctoral Committee: Professor Peggy S. McCracken, Chair Professor Alison Cornish Professor Yopie Prins Professor Elizabeth L. Sears Associate Professor Catherine Brown Dedication For my parents, William Davis and Christina Tree ii Acknowledgements I would like to thank my chair, Peggy McCracken, for her patience, encouragement and support throughout this process. She has been, from start to finish, the ideal dissertation advisor. I also wish to thank Catherine Brown for coaching (both work and life) and for being a model of academic curiosity. I owe a debt of gratitude to the other members of my committee, Yopie Prins, Alison Cornish and Betsy Sears, for their generous feedback and support at every stage of this project. I would also like to thank the many friends who have read and commented on this dissertation, particularly Alan Itkin, Mira Seo, Ari Friedlander, Stephanie Elsky, Carrie Wood and Daniel Hershenzon. I am particularly grateful to Julen Etxabe and Monica Lopez for years of good conversation, and to my fellow Michigan medievalists, Maria Canal, Tom Maranda and Julie Human for their many observations. I am grateful to Emily Zinnemann for criticism of all kinds. I would also like to thank the fellows of the Michigan Humanities Institute for their contributions and comments. Finally, I wish to thank my family for their love and support, particularly my parents, William and Christina, and also Liam, Timothy, Yuko, Aki and Taiga, who was born in the same year as this dissertation.
    [Show full text]