Essays Presented to Honor Alexander Herman Schutz French and Provençal Lexicography Edited by Urban T. Holmes and Kenneth R . Scholberg Ohio State University Press $7.50 French and Provençal Lexicography Essays presented to honor Alexander Herman Schutz French and Provençal Lexicography Edited by Urban T. Holmes and Kenneth R. Scholberg Ohio State University Press Copyright © 1964 by the Ohio State University Press All Rights Reserved Library of Congress Catalogue Card Number: 64-17108 'Foreword* WIT H this volume the friends of Alexander Herma n Schutz, the administration of the Ohio State University, the Ohio State Uni­ versity Press, and his colleagues in the Department of Romanc e Languages of the Ohio State University, express their gratitude for the man y years of stimulating and affectionate association they have shared with him. Some of those whom he has known best are not represented in these pages because of other commitments, but all join in wishing him many more happy and fruitful years. Those who have known him well have never found him wanting. Th e articles presented are arranged, roughly, in three categories which emphasize the field of research that have concerned him most: Old French lexicography, Provençal lexicography, and Renaissance French lexicography. Th efields of General Romanc e linguistics and stylistics, in which he has also been interested, are also included. URBAN T. HOLMES KENNETH R. SCHOLBERG -Contents- Alexander Herman Schutz Urban T. Holmes Part I: General and Old French Studies Lexicography and Stylistics Helmut Hatzfeld 13 The Pucelle Is Not for Burning Eleanor Webster Bulatkin 30 Les Gloses Françaises dans le Pentateuque de Raschi Raphael Levy 56 The Affective and Expressive Values of Verb-Complement Compounds in Romance Frederick Koenig 81 Pleine Sa Hanste in the Chanson de Roland Julian Harris 100 Carestia Henry and Renée Kahane 118 Part II: Old Provençal Quelques Observations sur le Texte des Vidas and des Razos dans les Chansonniers Provençaux A B et IK Jean Boutière 125 The Name of the Troubadour Dalfin d'Alvernhe Stanley C. Aston 140 Three Little Problems of Old Provençal Syntax Kurt Lewent 164 Contents Flamenca Gleanings Edward B. Ham 183 The Lady from Plazensa Frank M . Chambers 196 Th e Vocabulary of the Ne w Testament in Provençal Robert White Linker 210 Part III: Renaissance French Flux et Reflux du Vocabulaire Français au XVI e Siècle Raymond Lebègue 219 Archaism in Ronsard's Theory of a Poetic Vocabulary Isidore Silver 227 Montaigne's Later Latin Borrowings William L. Wiley 246 Th e Coins in Rabelais Robert Harden 257 Bibliography of Alexander Herman Schutz Kenneth R . Scholberg 275 Abbreviations Used in the Text and Footnotes FEW W . von Wartburg, Franzôsisches etymologisches Wôrterbuch (Bonn, 1928 ) P.C. Pillet-Carstens, Bibliographie der Troubadours (Halle, 1933) REW Wilhelm Meyer-Liibke, Romani­ sches etymologisches Wôrter­ buch (3 éd.; Heidelberg, 1935) RLR Revue des langues romanes Tobler-Lommatzsch Adolf Tobler and Erhard Lom ­ matzsch, Altfranzôsisches Wôr­ terbuch (Berlin: Weidman, 1925-63) ZRPh Zeitschrift fur romanische Phi­ lologie French and Provençal Lexicography •Urban T. Holmes- Alexander Herman Schutz M Y ASSOCIATION with Alex Schutz has been so close over the past forty years that it would be difficult for me to write about him in an impersonal way. Those who have observed our attachment to each other during the years will understand this very well. Alexander Herman Schutz was born in Chicago on March 27, 1894. His father, a merchant, had migrated to this country from East Prussia; and although he always remained a small businessman, he had a fine mind and spoke many languages. For years he wrote his son a weekly card in Hebrew, which he used well and wittily; and I can remember many a passage which Alex read to me . His mother, a native of Rumania, was a charming person wh o spoke French to her son almost constantly. It is not difficult to understand that their son chose to become a philologist. Another talent of his which was thoroughly developed was music. During his early teaching career, Alex continued to be a very good violinist. Alex's principal education was in the Chicago public schools. H e obtained his Ph.B . degree from the University of Chicago in 1915, and after this he was obliged to seek a teaching position. H e went to the University of Mississippi for French and Provençal Lexicography two years as an instructor in French. At the outbreak of World Wa r I, however, he was drafted and served in France with the Arm y Engineer Corps (Railroad Division). Those were trying times for almost everyone; but Alex has a droll sense of humor and his stories of those war years have always been most entertaining. Since he spoke French beauti­ fully, he was in constant employment as an interpreter, meeting people of all kinds. Som e of these individuals appear in a French reading book which he wrote many years later. His division was not assigned to active combat, but he came very close to it on one occasion when German shock troops broke through the American front lines. With the war over, he was given a year of graduate study at the University of Montpellier where his chief mentor and frequent companion was Professor Millardet. It was this association which influenced him greatly in the direction of Provençal. Back in America, he received his master's degree from the University of Chicago in 1920, where his principal teacher was Professor T. A . Jenkins. H e remained in the graduate school without interruption until he was granted the Ph.D . in August, 1922. Another influence from the war years, which he had spent among people in the French provinces, may be seen in his choice of a dissertation topic. It was rather unusual for that time: "The Peasant Vocabulary of George Sand." H e had acquired an interest in the later development of the French language. In those days most of the students wh o were working toward the doctorate in romance languages at the University of Chicago had a study room in the library building which was officially designated as W32. Each occupant had a small writing space with a drawer for papers and a shelf for books. Alexander Herman Schutz There was aflat roof just outside the window which seemed to them admirably suited for an "open air café." For years Alex remained a loyal alumnus of that room, and the stones which centered around W3 2 warmed the hearts of those of us who had never studied there. I knew the room only from several visits in later years. Professor Karl Pietsch of the University of Chicago faculty has a special place in the memor y of his students. His devotion to Old Spanish syntax and the inimitable accent with which he dictated titles of books and articles in his course in Romance bibliography made a deep impression on those who took his course. I have said that the Pietsch accent was inimitable, but Alex Schutz could reproduce it beautifully, always in respectful admiration. Alex's closest friends amon g his fellow students at Chicago were Louis H. Allen, of Toronto, and William S. Hendrix, who was on leave from the Ohio State University. These three "pundits" received their doctorates at the same commence­ ment. Their picture was taken formally together, in cap and gown. Fellow students referred to the photograph as the "Three Wise Men. " Robert Valentine Merrill was another warm friend who continued to play a part in Alex's life. Hisfirst job after receiving the doctorate was at the Iowa State Teachers' College at Cedar Falls, where the head of department was George A. Underwood, who became a warm admirer. H e recognized the younger man's great potentialities and advised him to take a post at a large university as soon as he could. It was then that Alex went to the University of Missouri in the fall of 1923, and it was there that we met and our friendship began. I had been fortunate enough to acquire the rank of assistant professor. Schutz has never had a trace of French and Provençal Lexicography jealousy in his makeup during his whole life; but he did want a promotion very much. I can hear him now saying: "Holmes, I a m not in the profession until I a m an assistant professor." W e mad e great plans together. W e organized all sorts of philo­ logical courses, which, very obligingly, the department at the University of Missouri allowed us to introduce. W e dreamed of a journal (which, just as we wished it, came into existence some thirty-seven years later as Romance Notes, at the Univer­ sity of North Carolina). M y association with him, in those early years, meant much for m y professional competency; I only hope that I benefited Alex Schutz as much as he did me. W e came from different environments, from the University of Chicago and from Harvard University, but each had something to give the other. During the summer of 1925, we were together in Chicago when I received my call to the University of North Carolina. M y acceptance broke forever our daily association, but it was the beginning of a long and fruitful relationship by correspond­ ence. Alex returned that September to Columbia, Missouri; he was promoted and took over all the philological courses in the department, including Old French. During the next two years, his warmest friends were Professor Herman n B . Almstedt, head of the Germa n Department, and Professor W . J. Burner, wh o taught Spanish.