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University Press The History of Oxford University Press GENERAL EDITOR Simon Eliot VOLUME I Beginnings to 1/80 EDITED BY Ian Gadd OXPORD UNIVERSITY PRESS CONTENTS List ofColour Plates xiv List ofFigures xv List ofMaps xxi List ofTables and Graphs xxii List ofAbbreviations and Conventions xxiii List ofContributors xxvi Note xxviii Maps xxix Introduction 3 Ian Gadd PART I Establishing the Press 1. Printing at Oxford in its European Context 1478-1584 31 Kristian Jensen 2. 'Printers to the University'1584-1658 51 Jason Peacey 3. The Fell Era 1658-1686 79 Vivienne Larminie 4. The Fell Legacy 1686-1755 107 Matthew Kilburn 5. The Blackstone Reforms 1755-1780 139 Matthew Kilburn 6. The University and the Press 1584-1780 159 Andrew Hegarty 7. The Workplace: Places, Procedures, and Personnel 1668-1780 193 Martyn Ould part II Learned and Bible Publishing 1585-1780 8. A Learned Press in a Commercial World 243 John Feather xi CONTENTS 9. The Learned Press: Printing for the University Catalogues of the Bodleian Library and Other Collections 279 Richard Ovenden Ephemera and Frequently Reprinted Works 293 Martyn Ould 10. The Learned Press: Geography, Science, and Mathematics 309 Vittorifl Feola and Scott Mandelbrote 11. The Learned Press: Divinity 351 William Poole 12. The Learned Press: Classics and Related Works Classics 371 P. R. Quarrie New Year Books, University Verses, and Neo-Latin Works 385 David Money 13. The Learned Press: Oriental Languages 399 Alastair Hamilton 14. The Learned Press: History, Languages, Literature, and Music 419 Matthew Kilburn 15. The Learned Press: Law and Medicine Law 461 Vittoria Feola Medicine 469 Peter MurrayJones 16. The Bible Press 481 Scott Mandelbrote 17. The Printed Page 511 Paul Luna and Martyn Ould PA RT111 The Press in its Local, National, and International Context 1584-1780 18. The University and the Oxford Book Trade 549 Ian Gadd 19. The Press and the London Book Trade 569 Ian Gadd 20. An International Press 601 Ian Gadd xii CONTENTS Conclusion 627 Ian Gadd APPENDICES I. Chronology to 1780 631 II. Delegates of the Press, 1584-1780 637 III. Meetings of the Delegates of the Press, 1668-1780 642 IV. Printers, Lessees ofthe Bible Press, Warehouse Keepers, and Individuals Elected as Architypographus 647 V. Transcriptions and Translations 650 Supplicatio (c.1584) 650 Patents to the University (1632 and 1633) 652 University statutes (1634-6), Title 18, Section 5 659 'Great Charter' (1636), excerpt 660 University statutes, Title 10, Section 2, Chapter 7 (1757) 667 VI. Glossary of University and Technical Terms 670 Archival Overview 681 Index 683 xiii LIST OF COLOUR PLATES 1. Gerard Langbaine (1608/9-1658), Provost of Queen's College and Keeper of the University Archives [unknown artist] (By permission of the Provost and Fellows of The Queen's College, Oxford) 2. Samuel Clarke (bap. 1624, d. 1669), Oxford's first Architypographus [unknown artist] (The Bodleian Library, University of Oxford) 3. Sir Leoline Jenkins (1625-1685), Principal ofJesus College [Herbert Tuer, 1679] (© National Portrait Gallery, London) 4. Thomas Yate (c.1604-1681), Principal of Brasenose College [unknown artist] (The Principal and Fellows of Brasenose College) 5. John Fell (1625-1686), Dean of Christ Church [after Sir Peter Lely] (The Governing Body of Christ Church, Oxford) 6. Sir Joseph Williamson (1633-1701), Secretary of State [unknown artist] (© National Portrait Gallery, London) 7. John Wallis (1616-1703), Keeper ofthe University Archives [Sir Godfrey Kneller, 1701] (The Examination Schools, University of Oxford. © Isis Innovation Ltd 2006) 8. Henry Aldrich (1648-1710), Dean of Christ Church [after Sir Godfrey Kneller] (The Governing Body of Christ Church, Oxford) 9. Thomas Hearne (bap. 1678, d. 1735), Under-Librarian at the Bodleian and, briefly, Architypographus [unknown artist] (The Bodleian Library, University of Oxford (MS. Top. Oxon c.19, no. 123)) 10. Sir William Blackstone (1723-1780), Delegate of the Press [Tilly Kettle] (The Bodleian Library, University of Oxford) 11. The printing statute in the Codex Authenticus, displaying Laud's seals as Chancellor and Archbishop of Canterbury, and the Great Seal of England [OUA/WPy/25c/i, 454 x309mm] (© Oxford University Archives) 12. Clementis ad Corinthios epistolaprior (1633) [Bodl., 40 Rawl. 477(2), 203 x 161mm] (The Bodleian Library, University of Oxford) Musarum 13. Oxoniensiumpro regesuo soteria (1633) [BL, C.i22.e.2/i, 199 x 146mm] (By permission of the British Library) 14. Copperplate engraving (147 x 160mm) by Michael Burghers (The Bodleian Library, University of Oxford) 15. Copperplate engraving (147 x 160mm) by Michael Burghers as printed in Epithalamia Oxoniensia (1734) [Bodl., H 1.19(1) Art.] (The Bodleian Library, University of Oxford) 16. Matrices for Peter de Walpergen's Samaritan type (OUP Archive. Reprinted by permission of the Secretary to the Delegates of Oxford University Press) The 17. figure of'Printing' (top-right), from Robert Streater's painting, Truth descending the Arts and upon Sciences', on the ceiling ofthe Sheldonian Theatre (© International Fine Art Conservation Studios Ltd) LIST OF FIGURES o i The first work printed on Joseph Barnes's press In aduentum illustnssimi Lecestrensis comitis ad Collegium Lincolmense (1585) [Bodl, Wood 516(2), 199 x146mm] 11 Colophon from Exposttio in symbolum apostolorum (1478), displaying the wrong year [Bodl, Arch G e 8,182 x 125mm] 2 1 Joseph Barnes's first book John Case, Speculum morahum quaestionum in universam ethicen Aristotelis (1585) [Bodl, D10 20 Line, 193 x 146mm] 3 1 John Fell's will, in his own hand, outlining the disposal ofhis interest m the press [Oxford, Christ Church, MS Estates 80, fos 6v-7r, 311 x 219mm] 3 2 Advertisement to Booksellers (1680) with Anthony Wood's annotations [Bodl, Wood 516(10*), 179 x 147mm] 41 William Roper, Vita D Thomae Mori equitis aurati, ed Thomas Hearne (1716), showing Hearne's ingenious response to being forbidden from using the Oxford imprint [Bodl, Mus Bibl II 55(1), 194 x 121mm] 5 1 William Blackstone's 'Some Thoughts on the Oxford Press', dated 25 March 1756 [OUP/F/1/2,198 x 165mm] 6 1 Hawksmoor's proposed redevelopment of the central university area The proposed printer's house ('Domus Aichitypographi') can be seen south-west of the Bodleian Library [Bodl, MS Top Oxon a 26(R), cropped, full plan, 755 x 1140mm] 6 2 The 1757 printing statute, inserted into the Vice-Chancellor's own copy of the statutes [OUA/WPy/25c/2,363 x 244mm] 6 3-5 The development of the central university area as represented in maps of 1578 [Bodl, Gough Maps Oxfordshire 2], 1675 [David Loggan, Oxonia illustrata, plate 2], and 1733 [William Williams, Oxoniadepicta, plate 5] 6 6 The University processes m front ofthe Sheldoman Theatre and Clarendon Printing House, 1733 [William Williams, Oxonia depicta, plate 6,465 x 1200mm] 71 Gerard Langbame's inventory of Hebrew matrices [OUA/SEP/P/i7b/3/47, 305 x206mm] 7 2 The Sheldoman Theatre with the floor up, showing the space m which the pi esses were housed (from the renovations of the early 1960s) 7 3 Copy of Benjamin Cole's plan of the pioposed Clarendon Printing House superimposed over the existing tenements [OUA/SEP/i9/26a, 505 x 910mm] The compass rose at top right is misaligned 7 4 University printing houses, 1669-1713 7 5-6 Nicholas Hawksmoor's plans for the new Clarendon Printing House [Oxford, Worcester College, Clarke Collection, nos 117-18 374 x 488 and 370 x 492mm] LIST OF FIGURES accounts 7 7 A book inventory from the Warehouse Keeper's [OUP/PR/1/18/2, 362 x 232mm] 205 accounts 78 A paper inventory from the Warehouse Keepei's [OUP/PR/1/18/1, 210 375 x 248mm] Michael 7 9 View of the Sheldonian Theatre and adjacent tenements by Burghers taken from Encyclopaedia seu orbis hterarum prout in Academia Oxomensi (1709) [Bodl, Gough Maps 57 M, 435 x 352mm] 214 sheet m the of 710 A surviving proof for Epicteti Enchiridion (1670), G, binding Gyorgy Enyedi, Exphcationes locorum Veteris et Novt Testament (Gronmgen, 1670) [Trinity College, Oxford, 14 3] 228 Bible 711 An opening from a 'bill book' of the press [OUP/PR/14/6/1, 318 x200mm] 237 81 Pages from the mmutebooks of the Delegates ofthe Press [OUP/M/1/1 (1668-1756), 186 x 143mm, OUP/M/1/21 (1758-94), 355 x 265mm] 242 82 A Proposal tending to the advancement ofLearning at the Theater in Oxford (1681) [Bodl, Wood 423(54). 335 x 210mm] 250 drawn Fell in 8 3 'Books begun to be printed at the Theater in Oxford', up by 1672 [All Souls College, MS 239a, fo lr, 235 xi66mm] 251 84 A Catalogue ofBooks, Printed at the Theater in Oxford (1677), with Anthony Wood's annotations [Bodl, Wood 66ob(8), 320 x 205mm] 259 9 1 Catalogus hbrorum bibhothecae pubhcae (1605) [Bodl, Antiq e E 1605 2, 199 x142mm] 278 9 2 Catalogus 1mpressorum hbrorum Bibhothecae Bodleianae in Academia Oxomensi (1674) [Copy pi esumed to be from OUP Printer's Library but no longer held, indicative dimensions, Bodl, Vet A3 b 326,415 x 273mm] 286 9 3 Anthony Wood's annotated copy ofthe 1674 library catalogue, as bequeathed to the Ashmolean Museum [Bodl, Library Records B 467, 367 x233mm] 288 9 4 Inscription m the copy of the 1674 library catalogue presented to John Evelyn [private collection] 289 9 5-6 Two eighteenth-century university notices [Bodl, Gough Oxon 101(1), 320 x200mm, G A Oxonb 1960x4(7), 518 x367mm] 295 9 7 Statuta selecta e corpore statutorum universitatis Oxon (1638) [Bodl, Marl M15, 141 x 89mm] 302 101 Plate from Robert M01 ison, Plantarum historiae universalis Oxoniensis (1699) [Bodl, Z 419 Jur 452 x 285mm] 308 10 2 Henry Savile, Praelectiones tresdecim in principium elementoi um Euchdis (1621) [Bodl, Savile V 23,222 x 148mm] 312 10 3 Opening from John Wallis, Ap^rjSoix; rou ZupaKoucriou kcu KukIou ^£Tpr]cTtg (1676) [Wing A3622, Oxford, Christ Church OR 6 3(1), 148 x88mm] 328 10 4 John Fell, Grammatica rationis (1673) [Bodl, 8° T 86 Art 136 x 73mm] 329 10 5 Opening from Robert Plot Natural History ofOxford-shire (1677) [Bodl OUP Printer s Library 312 x 194mm] 335 10 6 Plate from Francis Willughby, Histona piscium (1686) [Bodl, Douce Wsubt 84,371x226mm] 340 LIST OF FIGURES Moses The 10.7 Pitt, English Atlas (1680—3) [Bodl., Map Res.
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