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Togas Gradui Et Facultati Competentes: the Creation of New Doctoral Robes at Oxford, 1895–1920
Transactions of the Burgon Society Volume 10 Article 4 1-1-2010 Togas gradui et facultati competentes: The Creation of New Doctoral Robes at Oxford, 1895–1920 Alan J. Ross Wolfson College Follow this and additional works at: https://newprairiepress.org/burgonsociety Recommended Citation Ross, Alan J. (2010) "Togas gradui et facultati competentes: The Creation of New Doctoral Robes at Oxford, 1895–1920," Transactions of the Burgon Society: Vol. 10. https://doi.org/10.4148/ 2475-7799.1084 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by New Prairie Press. It has been accepted for inclusion in Transactions of the Burgon Society by an authorized administrator of New Prairie Press. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Transactions of the Burgon Society, 10 (2010), pages 47–70 Togas gradui et facultati competentes: The Creation of New Doctoral Robes at Oxford, 1895–1920 by Alan J. Ross 1. Introduction During the academic year 2009/10, 18,755 students in the United Kingdom completed a doctoral degree after either full- or part-time study.1 The vast majority of these doctorates were obtained by young researchers immediately after the completion of a first degree or master’s programme, and were undertaken in many cases as an entry qualification into the academic profession. Indeed, the PhD today is the sine qua non for embarkation upon an academic career, yet within the United Kingdom the degree itself and the concept of professionalized academia are less than a hundred years old. The Doctorate of Philosophy was first awarded in Oxford in 1920, having been established by statute at that university in 1917. -
MINUTES of the 84Th MEETING of AYNHO HISTORY SOCIETY HELD at the VILLAGE HALL, AYNHO on WEDNESDAY 27Th JANUARY 2016
MINUTES OF THE 84th MEETING OF AYNHO HISTORY SOCIETY HELD AT THE VILLAGE HALL, AYNHO ON WEDNESDAY 27th JANUARY 2016 Present: - Rupert Clark – Chairman & Treasurer Peter Cole - Secretary. 1. Chairman’s Report Copies of Nicholas Cooper’s Aynho book have become available for sale at £15. A visit to Rousham House suggested last year would have to be on a Sunday afternoon. Let Rupert know if you would like this to be arranged. 2. Secretary’s Report Rupert, Keith and Peter as representatives of the Cartwright Archive have met Sarah Bridges (Archivist) at the Northants Records Office to discuss the Archive’s conservation and future. Further updates once the Charity Committee has met in February. 3. “A History of the University of Oxford” by Alastair Lack Oxford is the third oldest university in Europe, behind Bologna in Italy and the Sorbonne in Paris. There were students in Oxford in the 1090s, but this was not under grad education, as we know it, more like private tutoring. Various people established “halls” (like a boarding house) around the Church of St Mary the Virgin. Students were between 12 and 15 years old, they drank, they gambled and as the untrained hall owners did the teaching they didn’t learn much. Little changed much until 1170 when King Henry II demanded that all English students at the Sorbonne should return to England as he was concerned about a brain drain. Oxford was the only established place of study for them to return to. In 1196, the first account of these academic halls was written by Geoffrey of Monmouth; he was a prominent intellect of the day and had visited Oxford to presented three lectures on law. -
Oxford University's Bodleian Library Buildings
international · peer reviewed · open access From Bodleian to Idea Stores: The Evolution of English Library Design Rebecca K. Miller MSLS candidate School of Information and Library Science University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States Library Student Journal, January 2008 Abstract Library architecture, along with planning and design, is a significant consideration for librarians, architects, and city and institutional planners. Meaningful library architecture and planning has a history as old and rich as the very idea of libraries themselves, and can provide insight into the most dynamic library communities. This essay examines England’s history of library architecture and what it reveals, using three specific institutions to document the evolution of library design, planning, and service within a single, national setting. Oxford University’s Bodleian Library, the British Library, and the Idea Stores of London’s Tower Hamlets Borough represent— respectively, the past, present, and future of library architecture and design in England. The complex tension between rich tradition and cutting-edge innovation within England’s libraries and surrounding communities exposes itself through the changing nature of English library architecture, ultimately revealing the evolution of a national attitude concerning libraries and library service for the surrounding communities. Introduction Meaningful library architecture and planning has a long and complex history, and has the power to provide insight into the most dynamic library communities. There exists perhaps no better example of this phenomenon than the libraries of England; this country has a rich history of library architecture and continues to lead the way in library technology and innovation. -
Bodleian Library Friends' Newsletter
Summer 2019 – Winter 2019/20 Bodleian Library Friends’ Newsletter Exclusive Interview: Daniel Meadows Akbar’s Baharistan The Year of the Map 1 Welcome 3 Chairman’s Welcome Bodleian Patrons Professor Richard McCabe The Bodleian Libraries wish to thank all the members of 4 Secretary’s Update Virginia Llad-Buisán the Bodleian Patrons for their generous support. 5 The Bodleian Libraries Public Francis Douce Patrons Engagement and Education Sir Victor and Lady Blank, Founding Members Programme | Mai Musié Mr John Leighfeld, Founding Member Mr David Ure, Founding Member 6 Baharistan: Conserving a Deluxe Manuscript from Akbar’s Library Richard Rawlinson Patrons Marinita Stiglitz and Fiona Mclees Ms Cathleen Blackburn, Founding Member Mr Anthony Davis, Founding Member Mrs Sandra Dwek, Founding Member 8 The Year of the Map: A Mr Ian and Mrs Caroline Laing, Founding Members Retrospective Mr Michael J Leech OBE and Dr Joyce Leech, Founding Members Mrs Margaret Leighfeld, Founding Member The Chadwyck-Healey Collection Mr John Makinson, Founding Member 9 Mrs Annie Mackeson-Sandbach, Founding Member of Photobooks | Richard Ovenden Philip and Davina Mallinckrodt, Founding Members OBE Lady Marriner, Founding Member Sir Philip Pullman and Lady Judith Pullman, Founding Members Interview | Daniel Meadows Mr Alan Smith, Founding Member 10 Mr David Solo, Founding Member Mr W Peter Wilson, Founding Member 13 John Henry Bohte, foreign Professor H.R. Woudhuysen, Founding Member bookseller to the King, and the And others who wished to remain anonymous. Anglo-German -
The Clarendon Building Conservation Plan
The Clarendon Building The Clarendon Building, OxfordBuilding No. 1 144 ConservationConservation Plan, April Plan 2013 April 2013 Estates Services University of Oxford April 2013 The Clarendon Building, Oxford 2 Conservation Plan, April 2013 THE CLARENDON BUILDING, OXFORD CONSERVATION PLAN CONTENTS 1 INTRODUCTION 7 1.1 Purpose of the Conservation Plan 7 1.2 Scope of the Conservation Plan 8 1.3 Existing Information 9 1.4 Methodology 9 1.5 Constraints 9 2 UNDERSTANDING THE SITE 13 2.1 History of the Site and University 13 2.1.1 History of the Bodleian Library complex 14 2.2 History of the Clarendon Building 16 3 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE CLARENDON BUILDING 33 3.1 Significance as part of the City Centre, Broad Street, Catte Street, and the 33 Central (City and University) Conservation Area 3.2 Significance as a constituent element of the Bodleian Library complex 35 3.3 Architectural Significance 36 3.3.1 Exterior Elevations 36 3.3.2 Internal Spaces 39 3.3.2.1 The Delegates’ Room 39 3.3.2.2 Reception 40 3.3.2.3 Admissions Office 41 The Clarendon Building, Oxford 3 Conservation Plan, April 2013 3.3.2.4 The Vice-Chancellor’s Office 41 3.3.2.5 Personnel Offices 43 3.3.2.6 Staircases 44 3.3.2.7 First-Floor Spaces 45 3.3.2.8 Second-Floor Spaces 47 3.3.2.9 Basement Spaces 48 3.4 Archaeological Significance 48 3.5 Historical and Cultural Significance 49 3.6 Significance of a functioning library administration building 49 4 VULNERABILITIES 53 4.1 Accessibility 53 4.2 Maintenance 54 4.2.1 Exterior Elevations and Setting 54 4.2.2 Interior Spaces 55 5 CONSERVATION -
Literature in Context: a Chronology, C16601825
Literature in Context: A Chronology, c16601825 Entries referring directly to Thomas Gray appear in bold typeface. 1660 Restoration of Charles II. Patents granted to reopen London theatres. Actresses admitted onto the English and German stage. Samuel Pepys begins his diary (1660 1669). Birth of Sir Hans Sloane (16601753), virtuoso and collector. Vauxhall Gardens opened. Death of Velàzquez (15591660), artist. 1661 Birth of Daniel Defoe (c16611731), writer. Birth of Anne Finch, Countess of Winchilsea (16611720), writer. Birth of Sir Samuel Garth (16611719). Louis XIV crowned in France (reigns 16611715). 1662 Publication of Butler’s “Hudibras” begins. The Royal Society is chartered. Death of Blaise Pascal (16231662), mathematician and philosopher. Charles II marries Catherine of Braganza and receives Tangier and Bombay as part of the dowry. Peter Lely appointed Court Painter. Louis XIV commences building at Versailles with Charles Le Brun as chief adviser. 1663 Milton finishes “Paradise Lost”. Publication of the Third Folio edition of Shakespeare. The Theatre Royal, Bridges Street, opened on the Drury Lane site with a revival of Fletcher’s “The Humorous Lieutenant”. Birth of Cotton Mather (16631728), American preacher and writer. 1664 Birth of Sir John Vanbrugh (16641726), dramatist and architect. Birth of Matthew Prior (16641721), poet. Lully composes for Molière’s ballets. “Le Tartuffe” receives its first performance. English forces take New Amsterdam and rename it New York. Newton works on Theory of Gravity (16641666). 1665 The Great Plague breaks out in London. Newton invents differential calculus. The “Journal des Savants”, the first literary periodical, is published in Paris. -
Oxford INTRODUCTION
The BODLEIAN LIBRARY Oxford INTRODUCTION xford’s libraries are among the most Humfrey, Duke of Gloucester. Since 1602 it has celebrated in the world, not only for expanded, slowly at first but with increasing their incomparable collections of momentum over the last 150 years, to keep O pace with the ever-growing accumulation of books and manuscripts, but also for their buildings, some of which have remained in books and papers, but the core of the old continuous use since the Middle Ages. Among buildings has remained intact. These buildings them the Bodleian, the chief among the are still used by students and scholars University’s libraries, has a special place. First from all over the world, and they attract an opened to scholars in 1602, it incorporates an ever-increasing number of visitors, for whose earlier library erected by the University in the benefit this guide has been written. fifteenth century to house books donated by HISTORY he first library for Oxford University manuscripts, including several important – as distinct from the colleges – was classical texts. These volumes would have made housed in a room above the Old the existing library desperately overcrowded, T and in 1444 the University decided to erect Congregation House, begun c.1320 on a site to the north of the chancel of the University a new library over the Divinity School, Church of St Mary the Virgin. The building begun in about 1424 on a site at the northern stood at the heart of Oxford’s ‘academic end of School Street, just inside the town wall. -
Oxford Map V3
NR No 29, known as Green House, was built SG EP for the idealist philosopher and liberal TH NORTH Green. A fellow of Balliol, he died a year ST GILES AND TO THE EAST EAST OF PARKS ROAD SPSJ St Philip and St James. The grand later, aged 45. NP&EL Nuclear Physics and Engineering BD Go through the gate opposite Keble, parish church for the new residential JT Radiohead were first signed to a Labs. Arup’s fan-shaped nuclear and turn right at TG Jackson’s joyously developments in north Oxford. Built by record label after a gig at the Jericho accelerator can be enjoyed for its purely inappropriate Electrical Laboratory (EL), GE Street (1860-6) in doctrinal Gothic Tavern in 1991; other bands local to the sculptural qualities, while the surfaces, with its garlanded centrepiece Revival, but it’s hard not to be impressed town include Ride and Supergrass. compared to Martin’s contemporary (1908-10). Following the route through by the scale and complete authority of RO The Radcliffe Observatory is arguably Brutalist work, are positively ornamental stodgy neo-Georgian, Hawkins Brown’s its execution. the most beautiful such building ever (1971-6) SG:BA Impressive late 17th-century design Biochemistry Department appears as an NME Suburban Gothic. An important constructed. A defining work of English MI Tastefully done modernist Maths explosion of colour. (Limited access) early example of the centrally planned Neoclassicism, it was built by Institute from 1964-6, following the one on the corner, set back a little for UM University Museum (1855-60). -
Radcliffe Observatory Quarter Walton Street Wall Strategy Document 2 Contents
Radcliffe Observatory Quarter Walton Street Wall Strategy Document 2 Contents Section Description Page 1 Introduction 5 2 History of the Wall 2.1 General history 6 2.2 Historic maps of the wall 7 2.3 Description of the wall 12 2.4 Significance of the wall 14 3 Walton Street 3.1 General description of Walton Street 18 3.2 Walton Street frontage conditions 20 3.3 Walton Street views and sections 28 4 Public and Private Realm 4.1 Spatial typologies in Oxford 30 4.2 Central University Area 34 4.3 Keble College and South Parks Road 36 4.4 Walton Street and the Radcliffe Observatory Quarter 38 4.5 Colleges, hospitals and hotels 40 4.6 Spatial typologies and the development of the Radcliffe 42 Observatory Quarter 5 Approaches to Development 5.0 Introduction 44 5.1 Retain the wall as it is today 45 5.2 Retain the wall with modifications 46 5.3 Retain the wall with engaged buildings 47 5.4 Retain the wall built into new buildings 48 5.5 Lower the wall 49 5.6 Remove the wall completely 50 5.7 Remove the wall but retain key sections 51 6 Conclusion 52 3 4 1 Introduction This report examines the wall to the west of the Radcliffe Observatory Quarter (ROQ), Green Woodstock Road which forms its boundary with Walton Street. It was originally built as a demesne Templeton wall enclosing and protecting the properties of the Radcliffe Observatory and the College Radcliffe Infirmary. Although this Report considers the history and significance of the wall, it primarily examines the spatial character of the area around the wall and looks at how it has changed over time. -
Oxford Heritage Walks Book 2
Oxford Heritage Walks Book 2 On foot from Broad Street by Malcolm Graham (illustrated by Edith Gollnast, cartography by Alun Jones) Chapter 1 – Broad Street to Ship Street The walk begins at the western end of Broad Street, outside the Fisher Buildings of Balliol College (1767, Henry Keene; refaced 1870).1 ‘The Broad’ enjoyably combines grand College and University buildings with humbler shops and houses, reflecting the mix of Town and Gown elements that has produced some of the loveliest townscapes in central Oxford. While you savour the views, it is worth considering how Broad Street came into being. Archaeological evidence suggests that the street was part of the suburban expansion of Oxford in the 12th century. Outside the town wall, there was less pressure on space and the street is first recorded as Horsemonger Street in c.1230 because its width had encouraged the sale of horses. Development began on the north side of the street and the curving south side echoes the shape of the ditch outside the town wall, which, like the land inside it, was not built upon until c. 1600. Broad Street was named Canditch after this ditch by the 14th century but the present name was established by 1751.2 Broad Street features in national history as the place where the Protestant Oxford Martyrs were burned: Bishops Latimer and Ridley in 1555 and Archbishop Cranmer in 1556.3 A paved cross in the centre of Broad Street and a plaque on Balliol College commemorate these tragic events. In 1839, the committee formed to set up a memorial considered building a church near the spot but, after failing to find an eligible site, it opted instead for the Martyrs’ Memorial (1841, Sir George Gilbert Scott) in St Giles’ and a Martyrs’ aisle to St. -
Oxford (UK), the Entrance to Broad Street, at Catte Street (East) End
Oxford (UK), the entrance to Broad Street, at Catte Street (east) end, looking towards Radcliffe Square (©Ozeye 2009) Oxford (UK), view of the East end of Broad Street, with the Weston Library on the left, Oxford Martin School (Indian Institute) straight ahead, and the Bodleian Libraries' Clarendon Building on the right (© Bodleian Libraries Communications team (John Cairns) 2015) Oxford (UK), Broad Street, showing the Clarendon Building, Sheldonian Theatre and the History of Science Museum (©Komarov 2016) Oxford (UK), Broad Street, looking towards the Clarendon Building and Sheldonian Theatre (©Linsdell 1989) Oxford (UK), Broad Street, looking towards the Clarendon Building (©Elbers 2018) Oxford (UK), Broad Street, looking towards the Sheldonian Theatre, Clarendon Building in the background (©Addison 2010) Oxford (UK), Broad Street, Sheldonian Theatre (©Ozeye 2009) Oxford (UK), Broad Street, the History of Science Museum (©Hawgood 2009) Oxford (UK), Broad Street, the History of Science Museum (©Wiki alf 2006) Oxford (UK), Broad Street, Blackwells as viewed from the History of Science Museum opposite on Broad Street (©Ozeye 2009) Oxford (UK), Broad Street, looking towards the Sheldonian Theatre and the History of Science Museum (©Trimming 2009) Oxford (UK), Broad Street, floor plan of the area around the Clarendon building, Sheldonian Theatre, the History of Science Museum and the opposite the Bodleian Weston Library where the ‘History and Mystery’ of the Sheldonian Heads exhibition will take place in 2019 (©HistoricEngland 2018) Plan of Sheldonian and some of the Bodleian complex showing quadrangles created by the placement of the Sheldonian(©University of Oxford 2012, New Bodleian Library: Design and Access Statement, Wilkinson Eyre Associates (March, 2010)) Heads at the Hartcourt Arboretum, Oxford University‘s botanic garden (potentially 2nd generation from the History of Science Museum. -
OXFORD Devised by Clemence Schultze, D.Phil., and Thomas Sopko
A BARBARA PYM WALK THROUGH OXFORD Devised by Clemence Schultze, D.Phil., and Thomas Sopko And that sweet city with her dreaming spires She needs not June for beauty’s heightening, Lovely all times she lies, lovely to-night! – Matthew Arnold Through a rift in the trees he caught his first real glimpse of Oxford – in that ineffectual moonlight an underwater city, its towers and spires standing ghostly, like the memo- rials of lost Atlantis, fathoms deep. – Edmund Crispin [1] Numbers in square brackets correspond to the numbers on the map. THE STARTING POINT IS THE ENTRANCE OF ST HILDA’S COLLEGE ON COWLEY PLACE [1] St Hilda’s is the college of novelists D. K. Broster and Catherine Heath, poets Jenny Joseph and Wendy Cope, and detective fiction writer Val McDermid. It was founded in 1893 by Dorothea Beale – educational reformer, suffragist, and Principal of the Cheltenham Ladies’ College – and it remained an all-women’s col- lege until 2008, making it the last single-sex college in the University of Oxford. When Barbara was a student here in the 1930s the college buildings comprised Hall and South Buildings (the former described below) and a ‘temporary’ wooden Chapel (1925-1969) located where Garden Building now stands. South Building was originally a family house named Cowley Grange, built in the 1870s by Christ Church chemistry tutor Augustus Vernon Harcourt. From 1902-1920 it was a women's teacher training college called Cherwell Hall; St Hilda’s obtained the leasehold in 1920 and purchased the building outright in 1949. During the 1950s the former Milham Ford School building, located between Hall and South, was purchased, the kitchens and dining hall were expanded, and the Prin- cipal’s House and a Porters’ Lodge constructed.