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Translation and Annotation of Franz Overbeck, Über Die Christ1ichkeit Unserer Heuticren Theoloqie

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Translation and Annotation of Franz Overbeck, Über Die Christ1ichkeit Unserer Heuticren Theoloqie On the Christian Nature of Theology Today : Translation and Annotation of Franz Overbeck, Über die Christ1ichkeit unserer heuticren Theoloqie A Thesis submitted to the Faculty of Trinity College and the Theology Department of the Toronto School of Theology. In partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts ôwarded by the University of St. Michael's College. Martba Cunningham Trinity College, Toronto August 2000 National Library Bibliothèque nationate IJfB of Canada du Canada Acquisitions and Acquisitions et Bibliographie SeMces services bibliographiques 395 WeUington Street 345,rue Wellington Ottawa ON KIA ON4 cOttawa ON Klk ON4 Canada Canada The author has granted a non- L'auteur a accordé une licence non exclusive licence aUowing the exclusive permettant à la National Lïbrary of Canada to Bibliothèque nationale du Canada de reproduce, loan, distn'bute or seU reproduire, prêter, distribuer ou copies of this thesis in microform, vendre des copies de cette thèse sous paper or electronic formats. la fome de microfiche/nlm, de reproduction sur papier ou sur format électronique. The author retains ownership of the L'auteur conserve la propriété du copyright in this thesis. Neither the droit d'auteur qui protège cette thèse. thesis nor substantial extracts fiom it Ni la thèse ni des extraits substantiels may be printed or otherwise de celle-ci ne doivent être imprimés reproduced without the axthor's ou autrement reproduits sans son permission. autorisation. Preface tu the Translated Editiun of Overbeck's The purpose of this project is twofold : first, to present what may be the-first full English translation of a much-qnoted, controversial German work; and second, to bring together in one place enough background material to present a reasonably coherent picture of why Overbeck was saying what he was, when he was- There are many references in theoïogical and hlstorical works -- certainly by Erglish-speakers, but notably by Germans as well -- to the tortuous turns of phrase employed by Overbeck. He himself alludes to his style and to the customary daim of his readers that he is incomprehensible- There is Little doubt that Qverbeck's difficult and long-winded expression has been largely responsible for his not being translated before now. In this translation 1 have tried to avoid crude paraphrasing, being aware of the argameht held Isy reztcters and studenks of foreign languages that one should be as pure as possible in renciering the original, both in tone and in meaning, am3 the resvkt Bas beem crhoppp at times. Citations. of Germarr works quoting Overbeck, illustrating his points or providing historical backdrop do not fa11 irrto the category of th murky, the pained, or the uKlamprehenskble, sa their translation should be clear. In every case 1 have provided the original larrgtrage as -11, out of regard for larzgvage lirke- me whw enjoy be- given the option of consulting the original to satisfy fine points of The notes to the text are often long and detailed; for in ordar to provfde adquate ccm-text to Overbeckhs po1:dcaI posktiorr, I cbcide&to &te works, names, and sometimes political or religious affiliations of those people wtio crossed bis patfi or whse lives and works shed ligitt on .his. It seemed to me, that is, that it would have been remiss not to give some small hint about the "slan-tu of fris assailarrts, supporters, or eveq ptrbkishers. Near the end of my translating, 1 came upon the new edition of the &&& y~dNu of Overbeck published by J-B. Me-tzler from 1994 on, 1 must refer to the helpful notes to the provided by Niklaus Peter. 1 used much of his material, as will be evident, and looked closely at his sources wherever they were available to me. I did not have access to the materials on or about Overbeck at the U~versityof Basel; and as my translation is not designed to cwer al1 aspects of bis work, further research mlct frnitfnlly be done using Peter's notes as a point of departure. [iv] Photostat impression of the second edition with supplementary Introahr-im- an&.- Aflw-à* L&p~i;g- IN--3- Third edition, unaltered, 1963 Impxessian and bindirrg t Wifçenschaftliche BwhpseUschaft, Darmstadt Printed in Germany To my dear pung -f.Ei-end Car1 Aïbrecht ~ernoulliz in- Berlin-. [vil My dear Bernoulli, Since the Kingdom of Heaven itself, as the Gospels say, consents to fa11 prey eo the violents, could-my Xittle book even think of getting indzgnant oves the attack4 you once perpetrated upon it? On top of that old plagiarism, do you hold another claimto my work since your recent kind interest in its possib3e- reappearamze? If sa, take straighe from- mp han& wirat you- appropriated once already; perhaps it can again be of service to you. Basel, Deceniber 15, 1902. [vii] Strnmi;irv of contents5 Forewr>rü to the First Editircm Foreword to the Second diti ion r. Introduction. How r Came to mite lm3 ~otebook6 1 II, My 1873 Notebook 1. The Overall Relation- of Theology to- Christianity 21 2. Current Apologetic Th-logy 42 3. Current Liberal Theology 72 4. Critkal TheoXogp llts Positive ReI:ati;orr to Preserrt-Ctay Christianity. The Strauss Confession 109 5. The Possibili-ty -of a Critical TheoXqy in Our Protestant Churches 120 III. After#or&. What 1 Experienced from- PublisII-hg My Notebook 148 1. Publiskd Criticisza 2. Personal Consequences 3. The Modern Theology of Todq's Protestémtism, and what Followed from My Writing the 1873 Notebook [vu] [blank page] [ix] Foreword to the First Edition 1 was determined to put together some ideas, fkst by Paul de Lagarde's cl- derrtschen Stars zu Tire~~ouie~-cire pnp . -,*)7. with its attack on our ~heologyaFaculties (better known than our published critique had predicted); and second, by the Strauss ~onfession.9 These ideas natuxally considerably pre-date this occasion to express them. Nevertheless, despite my long-felt need to speak up, it would not have been difficult to continue keeping quiet on the subject of current theological argument. Of the various factors informing my decision to hold back, timidity wonlà have beeriE uppermost -- t-disty, which 1 regarded as an asset keeping me from advancinq unprepared. Yet 1 would have been powerfully driven by a [Footnote to- p- ix}-lo *) [Gottingen, 1873. Repeatedly reprinted since then, most recently by the author in his Deutschen Schriften ,II complete effition, supervised by the author, 2nd printinq, Gottingen 1891 p. 37ff.112 -------------------------------------------------------------- {xj position as a Theology teacher. u With this .Ln mind, I believe I will not need to excuse myself on account of my book again, nor for the manner in which it was written, since opemess mst be the First Commanâmerrt for an author even under serious constraints. Moreover, 1 thought 1 might help others in a special way - particularly yang theologians - with practical suggestions, in the conclusion of my writing that suggest vexed questions which no teachers of Theology or presentday Church euthorLties should disregard. In declarùig- myself against the efforts of those who label me as one of the* scientificl4 co-workers (among wfiom 1 include persons both close arrd distant, and wtrom 1 must thank for a most benevolent reception of my scientificis work). 1 hope to have gkven- freely a piece of advice bas& on- personal refkction-. And in no way do 3 wish to destroy a valid community by my writings, Indeed, by everything 1 have said in tfrem, X have no more sincere wish than to help science16 secure a stable place with respect to theology, which latter by its very nature has made this so difficult. EspeciaUy today, when 1 am cronvinced that certain tendencies of Liberal ~heologyl7pose a threat, and when in fact it actually behoves this Theofogy to resolve the weighty problems arising [xi] from the history of Christianity. 1 hope that, at any rate, the reader who is not completely hostile will grant this text the right, aespite its stodness, to be labelled, not words of conflict, but words of peace.*) I would like, moreover, to ask its enemies to consider especially that it offers merely a theoretical solution to the problematic relation between Christianity and edacation, and does nok address the many practkcal conventions shared by them in daily life. My judgement therefore is not directed to the laity but to theologians, and chiefly to those spea3cing from leccerns and writing books. For 1 have no doubt many a wise pastor observes our current theological disputes and keeps his distance, as befits his vocation. Nor would 1 have allowed myself to question the Christian character of today's theological parties in this way if 1 did not aïs0 claim unreservedly the adjective "Christiann for my own theology; or if 1 were not corivlnced the we theologians are more sincere th= is generally recognized. Basel, May 16 1873 F. Overbeck -------------------------------------------------------- [Footnote to p. xi] *) [This phrase was on the title page of the book's first edition.la] --------------------------------------------------------- [xii] Foreword to the Second Edition In ~prilof this year, when, to my great surprise, the prospect opened tzp of reviving my 1873 Notebook, olo-, and my assistance was requested in this project, 1 decided not to refuse. Due to the meaning the Notebook held for me personally, whose entire life -- at least the public side of it -- had been determined by it, 1 felt 1 ha& either to accept the idea in toto or else consent to a new edition under new printing with an unaltered text (which ultimately amounted to a dereliction of duty, and thus was not to be considered). But my Notebook was almost thirty years old, and 1 myself was in my skty-fifth year, So how could 1 really help on this occasion, from the outside, with al1 my inclination to do so? Full of distress, 1 knew 1 could only help myself by the dangerous [xiii] act of asking my readers to take up the little volume before them.
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