MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE AND RURAL DEVELOPMENT AGRICULTURE AND FOOD ECONOMY IN POLAND
WARSAW 2010 MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE AND RURAL DEVELOPMENT
AGRICULTURE AND FOOD ECONOMY IN POLAND
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WARSAW, 2010 TABLE OF CONTENTS
Foreword by the Minister of Agriculture and Rural Development ...... 5
GENERAL INFORMATION ABOUT POLAND ...... 7 6HOHFWHGLQIRUPDWLRQRQ3RODQGqVHFRQRPLFVWDQGLQJLQ ...... 8
AGRICULTURE ...... 9 *HQHUDOSURILOH...... /DQGUHVRXUFHVDQGWKHLUXWLOLVDWLRQVWUXFWXUH...... )DFWRUVVKDSLQJDJULFXOWXUDOSURGXFWLRQDQGHFRQRP\LQ ...... 12 9DOXHRIDJULFXOWXUDOSURGXFWLRQDQGSULFHUHODWLRQV ...... 12
PLANT PRODUCTION, SELECTED MARKETS AND PROCESSING SECTORS ...... 13 6HHGSURGXFWLRQPDUNHW ...... 15 &HUHDOPDUNHWDQGSURFHVVLQJ ...... 16 &HUHDOSURFHVVLQJ ...... 17 6XJDUPDUNHW ...... 17 )UXLWDQGYHJHWDEOHVuPDUNHWDQGSURGXFWLRQ...... 18 2UJDQLVDWLRQRIIUXLWDQGYHJHWDEOHVPDUNHW ...... 18 (8DLGRQFHUWDLQSODQWSURGXFWPDUNHWV WREDFFRIOD[KHPS GULHGIRGGHUDQGEDVLFLQIRUPDWLRQRQWKHKRSDQGWREDFFRPDUNHW ......
ANIMAL PRODUCTION, SELECTED MARKETS AND PROCESSING SECTORS ...... 20 0HDWPDUNHWDQGSURFHVVLQJ...... 21 0HDWSURFHVVLQJ...... 21 0LONPDUNHWDQGSURFHVVLQJ...... 22 0LONSURFHVVLQJ ...... 23
CONSUMPTION OF FOODSTUFFS ...... 24
WHOLESALE MARKETS OF AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS ...... 25
PROVIDING AGRICULTURAL SECTOR WITH MEANS OF PRODUCTION ...... 26
ORGANIC FARMING ...... 27 ,QWHJUDWHGDJULFXOWXUDOSURGXFWLRQ......
AGRICULTURE IN INDIVIDUAL REGIONS ...... 30
RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES AND BIOFUELS ...... 30 %LRIXHOV...... 31 %LRJDV ...... 32
RURAL AREAS ...... 35 *HQHUDOGHVFULSWLRQRIUXUDODUHDV...... 35 5XUDOSRSXODWLRQ...... 35 (FRQRPLFDFWLYLW\DQGKXPDQFDSLWDOLQUXUDODUHDV...... 35 5XUDOLQIUDVWUXFWXUH ...... 36 'HYHORSPHQWRIHFRQRPLFDFWLYLW\DQGDJULWRXULVPLQUXUDODUHDV...... 37
PROMOTION ACTIVITIES AND QUALITY SUPPORT POLICY...... 40 3URPRWLRQ...... 40 4XDOLW\ ...... 40 'LVFRYHU*UHDW)RRG3URJUDPPH ...... 40 5HJLRQDODQGWUDGLWLRQDOSURGXFWV ...... 41 FISHERY ...... 44 *HQHUDOLQIRUPDWLRQ...... 44 6HDILVKHULHVLQIUDVWUXFWXUH...... 44 ,QIUDVWUXFWXUHRILQODQGILVKLQJ ...... 44 6XSSO\RIVDOWZDWHUDQGIUHVKZDWHUILVK ...... 45 )LVKDQGILVKSURGXFWPDUNHW...... 46 )LVKSURFHVVLQJ...... 47
FOREIGN TRADE ...... 48 &RPPRGLW\VWUXFWXUHRIIRUHLJQWUDGHLQDJULIRRGSURGXFWV ...... 50
AGRICULTURAL SUPPORT POLICY ...... 52 )LQDQFLDOVXSSRUWIRUDJULFXOWXUH ...... 52 'RPHVWLFVXSSRUW ...... 52 'LUHFWSD\PHQWVIRUDJULFXOWXUDODUHDV...... 53 5XUDO'HYHORSPHQW3ODQ 5'3 ...... 55 623e5HVWUXFWXULQJDQG0RGHUQLVDWLRQRIWKH)RRG6HFWRU DQG5XUDO'HYHORSPHQWus ...... 55 5XUDO'HYHORSPHQW3URJUDPPH 5'3 ...... 56
DISCUSSION ON THE SHAPE
OF THE COMMON AGRICULTURAL POLICY AFTER 2013 ...... 59
FISHERIES SUPPORT POLICY ...... 61 6HFWRUDO2SHUDWLRQDO3URJUDPPHe)LVKHULHVDQG)LVK3URFHVVLQJus...... 61 2SHUDWLRQDO3URJUDPPHe6XVWDLQDEOH'HYHORSPHQW RIWKH)LVKHULHV6HFWRUDQG&RDVWDO)LVKLQJ$UHDVus...... 62
AGRICULTURAL INSTITUTIONS...... 63 $JHQF\IRU5HVWUXFWXULQJDQG0RGHUQLVDWLRQRI$JULFXOWXUH...... 63 $JULFXOWXUDO0DUNHW$JHQF\ $0$ ...... 64 $JULFXOWXUDO3URSHUW\$JHQF\ ...... 68 $JULFXOWXUDO6RFLDO,QVXUDQFH)XQG...... 71 $JULFXOWXUDOFRQVXOWDQF\...... 72 $JULFXOWXUDOVFKRROV...... 73 5HVHDUFKDQGGHYHORSPHQWHQWLWLHV...... 74
ADDRESSES OF INSTITUTIONS FOR AGRICULTURE...... 76 Dear Sirs and Madams!
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,KRSH\RXZLOOILQGLWLQWHUHVWLQJWRUHDG Marek Sawicki
5 Zdjęcie nr 1
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30 GENERAL INFORMATION 20
ABOUT POLAND 10
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8 AGRICULTURE General profile
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10 AGRICULTURE
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Fig. 6. Sale prices of agricultural property belonging to APA in PLN per ha in the years 2002–2009; Source: APA AGRICULTURE
2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2009 Factors shaping agricultural Wyszcze- production and economy in 2009 gólnienie 2005 rok poprzedni = 100 = 100 ,Q WKHUHZDV\HWDQRWKHUGHWHULRUDWLRQLQ Total global production 107,5 95,7 98,8 105,9 103,2 102,4 110,5 WKH PDUNHW FRQGLWLRQV IRU DJULFXOWXUDO SURGXFWLRQ - plant 116,7 88,1 94,8 108,9 108,3 103,0 115,2 1HYHUWKHOHVVWKH\HDU ZDVWKHWKLUG\HDULQD - animal 97,3 105,2 102,6 102,9 97,1 101,6 104,1 URZuVLQFHuZKHQDJULFXOWXUHUHFRUGHGDSUR GXFWLRQJURZWK$FFRUGLQJWRSUHOLPLQDU\HVWLPDWHV Total commercial 103,3 95,4 104,2 101,5 106,2 103,9 116,7 JOREDODJULFXOWXUDOSURGXFWLRQURVHE\DVFRP production SDUHGWRZKLFKZDVDQRXWFRPHRILQFUHDVHG - plant 112,2 87,0 103,7 99,3 111,3 107,9 127,3 SODQW SURGXFWLRQ E\ DQG DOWKRXJK WR D OLP - animal 97,5 102,1 104,6 103,1 102,4 100,6 108,1 LWHGH[WHQWLQFUHDVHGDQLPDOSURGXFWLRQ E\ Share of $JULFXOWXUDOSURGXFWLRQDQGHFRQRP\LQ ZHUH commercial GHWHUPLQHGSULPDULO\E\ production 66,3 67,7 70,5 64,4 67,7 71,2 x UHODWLYHO\ORZSULFHVRIPRVWFHUHDOVUHVXOWLQJIURP in global production DEXQGDQWKDUYHVWVLQWKHSUHFHGLQJ\HDUDQGDGR PHVWLFGHPDQGGHFUHDVHLQ GHFOLQHLQWKH Table 3. Dynamics of global and commercial agricultural produc- XVHRIFHUHDOVIRUIHHGGXHWRDUHGXFWLRQRISLJ tion (in % – current prices); Source: CSO – Agriculture in 2009, VWRFNV 7KHGHFOLQHLQWKHGHPDQGIRUFHUHDOVZDV Warsaw 2010. RIIVHWWRDFHUWDLQGHJUHHE\DQLQFUHDVHLQWKHGH PDQGIRUIHHGVLQWKHSRXOWU\DQGFDWWOHVHFWRUV % ULVHLQSULFHVRISLJVUHVXOWLQJIURPWKHOLPLWHGVXS 30 2000 r. SO\ LQ OLYH SLJV DIWHU WKH SURGXFWLRQ GHFUHDVH RI GXHWRORZSURILWDELOLW\RISLJSURGXFWLRQLQ 2007 r. 20 WKH\HDUVDQG 2009 r. HFRQRPLFUHYLYDORQEHHIPDUNHWDQGSRXOWU\SUR GXFWLRQ VHFWRU DQG D ULVH LQ SULFHV RI EHHI DQG 10 SRXOWU\PHDW UHVWRUHGGHPDQGIRUPLONSURGXFWVRQZRUOGPDU NHWVKDOWHGGURSLQGRPHVWLFSULFHVRIPLONDQG DG\QDPLFLQFUHDVHLQWKHVHSULFHVIURPWKHWKLUG
fruits TXDUWHURI other other crops plant animal cereals potatoes cow milk cow hen eggs industrial slaughter vegetables animals for production production Value of agricultural production Fig. 7. Structure of global agricultural production in 2000, 2007 and price relations and 2009 (in %); Source: CSO – Agriculture in 2009, Warsaw 2010. ,Q WKH YDOXH RI JOREDO DJULFXOWXUDO SUR % GXFWLRQ DV SHU FXUUHQW SULFHV DFKLHYHG WKH OHYHO RI 40 3/1 ELOOLRQ DQG ZDV E\ KLJKHU WKDQ LQ 2000 r. 7KH YDOXH RI SODQW SURGXFWLRQ DPRXQWHG WR 30 2007 r. 3/1ELOOLRQDQGZDVE\KLJKHUWKDQLQWKH SUHFHGLQJ\HDUDQGDQLPDOSURGXFWLRQUHDFKHGWKH 2009 r. YDOXHRI3/1ELOOLRQZKLFKPHDQWDQLQFUHDVHE\ 20 &RPPHUFLDO SURGXFWLRQ DFFRXQWHG IRU RIWKHJOREDOSURGXFWLRQYDOXHuDSRLQWLQFUHDVH 5 LQFRPSDULVRQWRWKHSUHFHGLQJ\HDUDQGDLQ FUHDVHLQWKHFDVHRILQGLYLGXDODJULFXOWXUDOKROGLQJV 7KHVKDUHRISODQWSURGXFWLRQLQWKHVWUXFWXUHRIDJ ULFXOWXUDOSURGXFWLRQGHFUHDVHGE\SRLQWVZKLOH WKHLPSRUWDQFHRIDQLPDOSURGXFWLRQURVHTable 3. fruits other other crops plant animal cereals 6LJQLILFDQW YDULDWLRQV LQ WKH G\QDPLFV RI SODQW potatoes cow milk cow hen eggs industrial slaughter vegetables animals for production DQG DQLPDO SURGXFWLRQ RYHU WKH \HDUV UHVXOW DERYH production DOO IURP WKH YDULDELOLW\ RI DWPRVSKHULF FRQGLWLRQV Fig. 8. Structure of commercial agricultural production in 2000, ZKLFK LQIOXHQFHV WKH YROXPH RI \LHOGV DQG KDUYHVWV 2007 and 2009 (in % - current prices); Source: CSO – Agriculture in DQGLQFRQVHTXHQFHWKHUHGXFHGIHHGUHVHUYHVDQG 2009, Warsaw 2010. 12 AGRICULTURE
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Price relations of agricultural products to goods and services purchased by agricultural holdings; Source: CSO – Agriculture in 2009, Warsaw 2010. 13 AGRICULTURE DUHDXQGHUFHUHDOV EDVLFFHUHDOVDQGFHUHDOPL[WXUHV PDL]H EXFNZKHDW PLOOHW DQG RWKHU FHUHDO FURSV DV ZHOO DV XQGHU IRGGHU SODQWV VKUDQN PLQLPDOO\ u E\ DQGUHVSHFWLYHO\7KHWRWDODUHDRIFHUHDO FURSVZDVuDVLQWKHSUHFHGLQJ\HDUuDSSUR[LPDWHO\ PLOOLRQKD,QFRPSDULVRQWRWKHDUHDXQ GHU IRGGHU URRW SODQWV DXJPHQWHG VLJQLILFDQWO\ u E\ WKDW LV WR DSSUR[LPDWHO\ WKRXVDQG KD DQGWKHDUHDXQGHUSRWDWRHVuE\DPRXQWLQJ WR WKRXVDQG KD 7KH DUHD RI LQWHQVLYH FHUHDO VRZLQJV ZKHDWEDUOH\DQGWULWLFDOH LQFUHDVHGXSWR QHDUO\PLOOLRQKDWKDWLVE\DVFRPSDUHGWR :KHUHDVDGHFUHDVHFRQFHUQHGWKHDUHD RIH[WHQVLYHFHUHDOVRZLQJV U\HRDWVDQGIRGGHUPL[ WXUHV ZKLFKDPRXQWHGWRPLOOLRQKFig. 9. ,Q WKHWRWDOQXPEHURIDJULFXOWXUDOKROGLQJV JURZLQJDJULFXOWXUDODQGKRUWLFXOWXUDOFURSVDPRXQW HG WR WKRXVDQG WKDW LV RI WKH WRWDO QXPEHU RI DJULFXOWXUDO KROGLQJV DQG RI DJUL FXOWXUDOKROGLQJVLQYROYHGLQDQ\DJULFXOWXUDODFWLYLW\ 7KHPDMRULW\RIDJULFXOWXUDOKROGLQJVuWKRX VDQGWKDWLVRIDOOFURSJURZLQJDJULFXOWXUDO KROGLQJV u ZHUH HQJDJHG LQ FHUHDO SURGXFWLRQ 7KH DYHUDJH DUHD RI FHUHDO VRZLQJV LQ RQH DJULFXOWXUDO KROGLQJDPRXQWHGWRKD'HVSLWHWKHIDFWWKDWWKH DUHDXQGHUSRWDWRHVLVEHLQJUHGXFHGWKRX VDQGDJULFXOWXUDOKROGLQJV RIDOODJULFXOWXUDO KROGLQJV ZLWK VRZQ ODQG DUH VWLOO LQYROYHG LQ WKHLU JURZLQJ 6LJQLILFDQWO\ IHZHU DJULFXOWXUDO KROGLQJV % WKDWLV WKRXVDQGDFFRXQWLQJIRURIDOODJ 75 ULFXOWXUDO KROGLQJV ZLWK VRZQ ODQG DUH HQJDJHG LQ 2000 r. VXJDUEHHWJURZLQJDVZHOODVLQUDSHDQGWXUQLSUDSH JURZLQJuWKRXVDQGRIKROGLQJVWKDWLVRI 70 2008 r. DOODJULFXOWXUDOKROGLQJVZLWKVRZQODQG 15 2009 r. ,Q WKH DJULPHWHRURORJLFDO FRQGLWLRQV LQPRVWRIWKHFRXQWU\ZHUHQRWFRQGXFLYHWRSODQW SURGXFWLRQ 7KHUH ZHUH VLJQLILFDQW GDLO\ WHPSHUD 10 WXUH YDULDWLRQV LQ WKH :LQWHU SHULRG ZKLFK FDXVHG ZDWHU SRQGLQJV 7KH LQVXIILFLHQW VRLO PRLVWXUH IURP 5 PLG$SULOKDOWHGWKHJURZWKRIVSULQJFHUHDOVDQGGH WHULRUDWHGWKHFRQGLWLRQRIZLQWHUFHUHDOV,WZDVDOVR GLVDGYDQWDJHRXV WR ILHOG YHJHWDEOHV 7KH DEXQGDQW SUHFLSLWDWLRQ DW WKH HQG RI 0D\ DQG LQ -XQH OHG WR VOLJKWIORRGLQJDQGFRQWULEXWHGWRWKHGHYHORSPHQWRI Other IXQJDOGLVHDVHVDQGWRFHUHDOORGJLQJTable 5. Potatoes &HUHDOKDUYHVWVZHUHGHVSLWHWKHUHGXFHGVRZLQJ Sugar beets Total cereals Total Fodder crops Fodder Winter cereals cereals Winter DUHDKLJKHUWKDQLQuE\uDQGDPRXQWHG WR PLOOLRQW7KHWRWDO\LHOGVRIFHUHDOVZHUHE\ Rape and turnip rape KLJKHUWKDQLQWKHSUHFHGLQJ\HDUDQGUHDFKHG Edible leguminous plants WKHOHYHORIGWSHUKD7KHSURGXFWLRQRIUDSHDQG WXUQLSUDSHVXJDUEHHWVDQGILHOGYHJHWDEOHVLQFUHDVHG Fig. 9. Structure of particular crop sowings in 2000, 2007 and DVFRPSDUHGWRWKH\HDUEHIRUH7KHSRWDWRKDUYHVWV 2009 (in %); Source: CSO – Agriculture in 2009, Warsaw 2010. ZHUHSRRUHU DVWKHFURSDUHDVKUDQN VLPLODUO\WRWKH KDUYHVWVRIWUHHIUXLWVDVFRPSDUHGWRWKHSUHFHGLQJ \HDUZKLFKZDVYHU\VXFFHVVIXOLQWKLVUHJDUG 14 AGRICULTURE Seed production market 1996 - 2001 - 2000 2005 2008 2009 2009 ,Q IDUPHUVEHFDPHPRUHLQWHUHVWHGLQSXU 1996 2001 - 2008 Annual average -2000 2005 = =100 FKDVLQJFHUWLILHGVHHGuIRUWKHKDUYHVWLQ WKH\ = 100 100 DFTXLUHGRYHUWKRXVDQGWRQQHVRIFHUWLILHGVHHG Total cereals RIDOOFHUHDOVZKLFKLVDLQFUHDVHDVFRPSDUHG A WRWKHSUHYLRXV\HDU'HVSLWHWKHGRZQZDUGWUHQGLQ 8796,0 8396,7 8598,8 8583,0 97,6 101,9 99,8 WKHVDOHRIVHHGSRWDWRHVDQGZLWKIXUWKHUUHGXFWLRQLQ B 28,6 31,9 32,2 34,8 121,7 108,5 106,1 WKHDUHDRIFURSVVDOHVRIFHUWLILHGPDWHULDOSHUKDRI C 25189,4 26758,3 27664,3 29827,0 118,4 111,5 107,8 SODQWHGDUHDZDVKLJKHUWKDQLQ Total wheat ,Q SURGXFWLRQRIVHHGPDWHULDORIDJULFXOWXUDO A 2576,8 2375,6 2277,9 2346,0 91,1 98,8 103,0 SODQWVZDVPDLQO\GHFUHDVLQJOHVVFHUHDOVHHG B 34,0 38,0 40,7 41,7 122,6 109,7 102,5 ZDVTXDOLILHGIRUVDOHDVFRPSDUHGWRWKHSUHYLRXV\HDU C 7KHPRVWVLJQLILFDQWGHFUHDVHLQVHHGSURGXFWLRQZDV 8772,0 9022,0 9274,9 9790,0 111,6 108,5 105,6 WKDWRIU\H E\ DQGRWKHUZLQWHUFHUHDOVZKDWu Rye E\EDUOH\ E\ DQGWULWLFDOH E\ A 2275,4 1601,0 1396,5 1396,5 61,4 87,2 99,9 OHVVPDL]HVHHGVZHUHTXDOLILHG7KHSURGXFWLRQ B 22,7 24,4 24,7 26,6 117,2 109,0 107,7 RIRWKHUVSULQJFHUHDOVGHFUHDVHGWRDOHVVHUH[WHQW7KH C 5160,0 3910,0 3448,5 3713,0 71,9 95,0 107,7 VXSSO\ RI OHJXPLQRXV SODQW VHHGV LQFUHDVHG E\ Total barley 7KH VOXPS LQ VXSSO\ DOVR DIIHFWHG VHHGV RI EHHW RLO A SODQWVDQGVPDOOJUDLQHGSDSLOLRQDFHRXVSODQWV 1142,6 1053,0 1206,6 1157,0 101,3 109,9 95,9 ,Q WKH DUHD RI FHUWLILHG VHHG SODQWDWLRQV B 29,9 31,7 30,0 34,4 115,0 108,5 114,7 RIDJULFXOWXUDOSODQWVLQFUHDVHGDJDLQDQGDPRXQWHG C 3420,0 3337,0 3619,4 3984,0 116,5 119,4 110,1 WRKD LWZDVKLJKHUWKDQLQ7KHDUHD Oats RIFHUHDOVHHGSODQWDWLRQVLQFUHDVHGVOLJKWO\\HWWKHLU A 590,0 544,4 550,6 525,0 89,0 96,5 95,4 VWUXFWXUH FKDQJHG YLVLEO\ 7KH DUHD RI VHHG ZLQWHU B 24,4 24,7 22,9 26,9 110,2 108,9 117,5 FHUHDO SODQWDWLRQV LQFUHDVHG u RI ZKHDW E\ C RI WULWLFDOH E\ DQG RI EDUOH\ E\ 7KH 1437,5 1346,0 1262,3 1,415,0 98,5 105,1 112,1 DUHDRIVHHGSODQWDWLRQVRIVSULQJZKHDWDQGEDUOH\ Total triticale GHFUHDVHGE\FDDQGUHVSHFWLYHO\ZKLOH A 663,4 1004,4 1333,5 1465,0 220,8 145,9 109,9 WKHSODQWDWLRQDUHDRIVSULQJUDSHGHFUHDVHGE\ B 30,2 32,2 33,4 35,7 118,2 110,9 106,9 6HHGSODQWDWLRQRIJUDVVVSHFLHVZDVORZHUE\ C 2006,0 3237,0 4459,6 5234,0 260,9 161,7 117,4 ,Q WKH 1DWLRQDO 5HJLVWHU RI 3ODQW 9DULHWLHV WKH Potatoes QXPEHU RI QHZ YDULHWLHV RI DJULFXOWXUDO SODQWV LQ A FUHDVHGWR LHE\YDULHWLHV DVFRPSDUHGWR 1292,0 813,0 548,9 508,0 39,3 62,5 92,5 7KHVKDUHRIIRUHLJQYDULHWLHVZDV B 183,0 180,0 191,0 191,0 104,4 106,1 100,0 1DWLRQDO YDULHWLHV KDYH D VLPLODU VKDUH LQ WKH C 23620,0 14600,0 10462,0 9703,0 41,0 66,5 92,7 VWUXFWXUHRIVHHGSODQWDWLRQV)RUHLJQFURSVSUHGRPL Rape and turnip rape QDWHLQWKHSURGXFWLRQRIEDUOH\VHHGuPDL]H A 409,6 479,4 771,1 810,0 198,0 169,1 105,0 uDQGVXJDUEHHWu B 20,7 24,6 27,3 30,8 148,8 125,2 112,8 'HVSLWHGLUHFWDLGIRUVHHGPDWHULDOVLQFH C 846,7 1178,0 2105,8 2497,0 294,1 211,9 118,6 WKHVKDUHRIFHUWLILHGVHHGVLQWRWDOFURSVUHPDLQVORZ 7KHDYHUDJHVKDUHRIFHUWLILHGVHHGPDWHULDORIFHUHDOV Sugar beet LQ WRWDO SURGXFWLRQ ZDV LQ 7KH KLJKHVW A 395,4 298,0 187,5 200.0 50,6 67,1 106,6 DPRXQWVRIFHUWLILHGVHHGVDUHXVHGLQJURZLQJVSULQJ B 377 411 465 543 144,0 132,1 116,8 ZKHDWDQGZLQWHUEDUOH\ZKLOHWKHORZHVWDPRXQWV C 14920,1 12236,0 8715,1 10849,0 72,7 88,7 124,5 DUHXVHGLQJURZLQJU\H7KHVKDUHRIFHUWLILHGVHHG SRWDWRHVZDV LQ ,Q WKH$JULFXOWXUDO 0DUNHW $JHQF\ SDLG LWV EHQHILFLDULHV 3/1 PLO A – area in thousand ha B – yield of 1 ha in dt OLRQDVDLGIRUVHHGPDWHULDORIZKLFK3/1 PLOOLRQ C – harvest in thousand tonnes as de minimisDLGDQG3/1PLOOLRQDVDLGIRUVHHG PDWHULDOLQFRQQHFWLRQZLWKGUDXJKWDQGGDPDJHVWR Table 5. Area, harvest and yield of main crops FURSVVXVWDLQHGE\IDUPHUVLQ Source: CSO – Agriculture in 2009, Warsaw 2010. 5HJLRQDO GLIIHUHQFHV DV WR VDOH YROXPHV RI Concise Statistical Yearbook of Poland 2009 VHHGVUHPDLQ WKHPDMRULW\RIFHUHDOVHHGPDWHULDOLV 15 AGRICULTURE VROG LQ ćOñVNLH .XMDZVNR3RPRUVNLH DQG 2SROVNLH 9RLYRGHVKLSVZKLOHWKHVPDOOHVWTXDQWLWLHVDUHVROG LQ=DFKRGQLRSRPRUVNLH0D]RZLHFNLHDQG/XEHOVNLH 9RLYRGHVKLSV Cereal market and processing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pecification 2006/07 2007/08 2008/09 2009/10 2010/11 estimation projection PDL]HDQGWULWLFDOH7KHXVHRIFHUHDOVIRUFRQVXPS Initial reserve 3,8 0,7 2,0 3,2 5,5 WLRQ KDV EHHQ VWHDGLO\ GHFUHDVLQJ VLQFH DQG Production 21,8 27,1 27,7 29,8 26-27 FXUUHQWO\ DPRXQWV WR VOLJKWO\ RYHU PLOOLRQ WRQQHV Imports 3,5 2,1 2,3 1,2 08-1,0 7KH GHFUHDVH LQ FRQVXPSWLRQ LV PDLQO\ D UHVXOW RI Total resources 29,1 29,9 32,0 34,2 32,3-33,5 FKDQJLQJHDWLQJKDELWVDQGGHFOLQLQJSRSXODWLRQ,Q Domestic use 27,2 26,8 26,5 26,7 27,5 EUHZLQJDQGGLVWLOOLQJLQGXVWULHVJUDGXDOLQFUHDVHLQ FHUHDOSURFHVVLQJKDVEHHQREVHUYHGIRUDERXWGR]HQ - consumption 5,4 5,3 5,3 5,3 5,3 \HDUV7KHSUHGLFWHGGHYHORSPHQWRIWKHELRIXHOPDU - sowing 1,7 1,7 1,8 1,8 1,7 NHW VKRXOG DOVR VWLPXODWH IXUWKHU LQFUHDVH LQ FHUHDOV - industrial FRQVXPSWLRQDQGDIXUWKHULQFUHDVHLQLWVVKDUHLQGR processing 2,0 2,0 2,1 2,5 2,7 PHVWLFFRQVXPSWLRQ - fattening 17,0 16,7 16,1 15,9 16,6 &URSVRIFHUHDOVLQZLOOSUREDEO\EHORZ - losses 1,1 1,1 1,2 1,2 1,2 HUWKDQLQ 6PDOOHUDUHDVRIFHUHDOSODQWDWLRQV Exports 1,2 1,1 2,3 2,0 1,5-1,7 IRU FURSV DQG DJURPHWHRURORJLFDO FRQGLWLRQV Final reserve 0,7 2,0 3,2** 5,5** 3,3-4,3 WKDWDUHQRWYHU\IDYRXUDEOHWRSODQWJURZWK H[FHV * Including maize VLYH UDLQ ZDWHU SRQGLQJ LQ WKH ILHOGV WKXV PDNLQJ ** Including intervention reserves DJURWHFKQLFDO SURFHGXUHV LPSRVVLEOH PD\ UHVXOW LQ GHFUHDVLQJFURSVRIFHUHDOVDQGORZHUSURGXFWLRQLQ Table 6. Cereals balance in the years 2004/2005-2010/2011 FHUWDLQ DUHDV RI 3RODQG 7KH FXUUHQW FRQGLWLRQV DUH (thousand tonnes); Sources: data from CSO (GUS), IERiGŻ, own SDUWLFXODUO\DGYHUVHWRPDL]HJURZLQJ,WLVHVWLPDWHG calculations as at 14.06.2010 WKDW WKLV \HDUqV FURSV LQFOXGLQJ PDL]H EXFNZKHDW DQGPLOOHW ZRXOGEHFDPLOOLRQWRQQHVRU ORZHUWKDQLQ Table 6. Entities The amount of aid (PLN thousands) ,WLVHVWLPDWHGWKDWLQWKHVHDVRQGR Sugar producers 807 605,91 PHVWLF XVH RI FHUHDOV ZRXOG EH KLJKHU WKDQ LQ WKH Sugar beet planters 477 026,62 VHDVRQ E\ DQGZRXOGDPRXQWWR Service providers 2 724,82 PLOOLRQWRQQHV7UDGLWLRQDOO\WKHKLJKHVWLWHPDPRQJ Total restructuring aid 1 287 357,34 RXWJRLQJVZLOOEHWKHXVHRIFHUHDOVDVIHHGZKLFKPD\ Table 7. 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GHEWZDVWKHKLJKHVWLQWKHVHFWRURIIHHGDQGPLOOLQJ $GGLWLRQDOO\ WKH 1DWLRQDO 5HVWUXFWXULQJ 3UR uLWH[FHHGHGDPRUWLVDWLRQDOPRVWWZRIROG JUDPPH ZDV LQWURGXFHG 7KH PDLQ REMHFWLYH RI WKH 3URJUDPPHLVWRSURYLGHILQDQFLDOVXSSRUWWRVROXWLRQV Sugar market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qVWRWDOSURGXFWLRQTXR 6XJDUEHHWZDVKDUYHVWHGIURP WKRXVDQGKHF WD )URP HFRQRPLF \HDU 3RODQGqV VXJDU WDUHV ZLWK WKH DYHUDJH \LHOG RI WRQQHVKD DQG SURGXFWLRQ TXRWD LV WRQQHV 5HGXFLQJ ZLWK DYHUDJH VXJDU RXWSXW RI ,Q WKH WKHVXJDUSURGXFWLRQTXRWDUHVXOWHGLQFORVLQJDIHZ DUHDRIDQDYHUDJHSODQWDWLRQZDVKD SURGXFWLRQSODQWVDQGUHGXFLQJWKHDUHDFRYHUHGE\ )URPHFRQRPLF\HDU3RODQGqVVXJDU VXJDUEHHW3ULRUWRWKHUHIRUPWKHDUHDRIVXJDUEHHW SURGXFWLRQPDUNHWLVGLYLGHGEHWZHHQIRXUSURGXFHUV SODQWDWLRQVGHFUHDVHGIURPWKRXVDQGVKHFWDUHVLQ .UDMRZD6SÑäND&XNURZD6$uPDUNHWVKDUH 17 AGRICULTURE 3IHLIHU /DQJHQ 3ROVND 6$ ZLWK 3IHLIHU /DQJHQ *OLQRMHFN6$u6ÚG]XFNHU3ROVND6S]RR uDQG1RUG]XFNHU3ROVND6$u Fruit and vegetables – market and production 7KH \HDU VDZ DQ LQFUHDVH LQ WKH DUHD RI VRLOJURZQ YHJHWDEOH SODQWDWLRQV E\ DV FRP SDUHGWRWKHSUHYLRXV\HDU\HWLWGHFUHDVHGE\ DVFRPSDUHGZLWKWKHDYHUDJHIURPWKH\HDUV 3URGXFWLRQRIVRLOJURZQYHJHWDEOHVLQFUHDVHG E\DVFRPSDUHGWRWKHSUHYLRXV\HDUGXHWRDQ LQFUHDVHLQSODQWDWLRQDUHDDQGKLJKHU\LHOGIURPWKH PDMRULW\RIVSHFLHV7KHFURSRIRQLRQVLQFUHDVHGWR WKHJUHDWHVWH[WHQW E\ uLWZDVPXFKORZHULQ 2009 2001 - 2008 2009 WKHSUHYLRXV\HDU E\ WRQQHV 7KHFURSRIFX 2005 2001 - 2005 = 100 2008 =100 FXPEHUVGHFUHDVHGFRQVLGHUDEO\DVFRPSDUHGWRWKH Total outdoor vegetables SUHYLRXV\HDULHE\FORVHWRTable 8. A 207,9 197,8 206,5 99,3 104,4 $IWHU ZKLFK VDZ GLVDVWURXVO\ ORZ KDUYHVW C 4653 4430 4810 103,4 108,6 RI IUXLW DQG UHFRUGKLJK \LHOG LQ PLOOLRQ WRQQHV LQ \LHOG RI IUXLW IURP WUHHV ZDV Cabbage ORZHUWKDQLQWKHSUHYLRXV\HDU\HWVWLOOKLJK$PRQJ A 34,5 29,7 30,3 87,8 102,3 DOO VSHFLHV RQO\ SURGXFWLRQ RI DSSOHV DQG FKHUULHV B 396 406 401 101,3 104,0 ZDV ORZHU WKDQ LQ WKH SUHYLRXV \HDU E\ DQG C 1365 1209 1276 93,5 106,7 UHVSHFWLYHO\ /RZ SXUFKDVLQJ SULFHV RI WKHVH Cauliflower IUXLWVZHUHWKHUHDVRQEHKLQGDVHYHUHGHWHULRUDWLRQRI A 10,9 10,5 10,9 100,0 103,8 SURGXFWLRQSURILWDELOLW\GXHWRZKLFKSURGXFHUVGH B 188 211 207 110,1 98,1 FLGHGWROHDYHDSDUWRIWKHVHIUXLWVRQWUHHV C 205,1 221 225 109,7 101,8 ,Q SURGXFWLRQRIWKHPDMRULW\RIIUXLWVIURP Onions IUXLWEHDULQJ VKUXEV DQG SODQWDWLRQV RI EHUULHV GH A 33,1 30,2 31,4 94,9 104,1 FUHDVHG,QWKLVJURXSWKHFURSRI1RUWKHUQ+LJKEXVK B 212 205 225 106,1 109,8 %OXHEHUU\ZDVYHU\KLJK DQLQFUHDVHE\DVFRP C 701 618 708 101,0 114,5 SDUHGWRWKHSUHYLRXV\HDU Table 9. Carrots for human consumption 6LPLODUWRWKHSUHYLRXV\HDUWKHJUHDWHVWVKDUHLQ A 30,9 28,2 29,5 95,5 104,7 WKHFURSRIIUXLWIURPWUHHVZDVSRVWHGE\DSSOHVDQG B 278 290 309 111,2 106,6 VRXUFKHUULHV DQGUHVSHFWLYHO\ C 861 817 913 106,0 111,8 Organisation of fruit and vegetables Beet market A 14,5 12,7 13,2 91,0 104,7 B 252 254 264 104,8 103,9 :KHQ3RODQGMRLQHGWKH(8WKH3ROLVKKRUWLFXO C 365 322 351 96,2 108,8 WXUDOVHFWRUZDVLQFOXGHGLQWKH)UXLWDQG9HJHWDEOH Cucumbers &02 7KH EDVLF HOHPHQW RI WKH &RPPRQ 0DUNHW A 21,1 18,7 18,8 89,1 100,8 2UJDQLVDWLRQFRQVLVWVLQLQLWLDOO\DSSURYHGJURXSVRI B 133,0 145 136 102,2 93,8 IUXLWDQGYHJHWDEOHSURGXFHUVDVZHOODVDSSURYHGRU C 280 272 256 91,4 94,2 JDQLVDWLRQVRIIUXLWDQGYHJHWDEOHSURGXFHUVWKURXJK Tomatoes ZKLFKWKHVHFWRUUHFHLYHVILQDQFLDODLGIURPWKH(8 A 13,0 12,2 12,9 99,2 105,1 DQG QDWLRQDO EXGJHWV ,Q PLG-XO\ WKHUH ZHUH B 181 210 206 113,8 98,1 IUXLWDQGYHJHWDEOHSURGXFHUJURXSVDQG SUR C 235 257 265 121,8 103,1 GXFHURUJDQLVDWLRQVLQ3RODQG3URGXFHUJURXSVDQG A – Area in thousand hectares; B – Crop from 1 ha in dt RUJDQLVDWLRQV DUH HVWDEOLVKHG SULPDULO\ LQ UHJLRQV C – Harvest in thousand tonnes VSHFLDOLVLQJ LQ KRUWLFXOWXUDO SURGXFWLRQ LH LQ 0D ]RZLHFNLH 9RLYRGHVKLS PDLQO\ DSSOHV PXVKURRPV Tab. 8. Area of crops, yield and harvest of soil-grown vegetables; DQG YHJHWDEOHV .XMDZVNR3RPRUVNLH 9RLYRGHVKLS Source: Agricultural and horticultural plant production in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aid on certain plant product markets (tobacco, flax, hemp, dried fodder and basic information on the hop and tobacco market) ,Q WREDFFRSODQWHUVUHFHLYHGFRPSOHPHQ WDU\FRXSOHGRUGHFRXSOHGSD\PHQWV 7KH\HDU ZDVWKHODVW\HDUZKHQFRXSOHG SD\PHQWV ZHUH JUDQWHG IRU UDZ WREDFFR $ WRWDO RI 3/1 ZDV HDUPDUNHG IRU VXFK SD\ PHQWV 7KH WRWDO FRXSOHG SD\PHQW UDWH ZDV 3/1 NJRIJURXS,UDZWREDFFR 9LUJLQLDYDULHWLHV 1996 - 2001 - 2000 2005 2008 2009 2009 DQG3/1NJRIJURXS,,,,,DQG,9UDZWREDF 1996 2001 - 2008 FR $ WRWDO RI 3/1 ZDV HDUPDUNHG IRU średniorocznie -2000 2005 = =100 GHFRXSOHGSD\PHQWVRIZKLFK 3/1ZDV = 100 100 SDLG WR KLVWRULFDO SURGXFHUV RI WREDFFR RI 9LUJLQLD Fruit harvest 2564 3237 3841 3646 141,1 112,6 95,0 YDULHWLHV JURXS, DQG3/1ZDVSDLGWR Total JURXS,,,,,DQG,9WREDFFRSURGXFHUV Fruit harvest 2134 2762 3288 3100 145,3 112,2 94,3 2QWKHPDUNHWRIIOD[DQGKHPSSD\PHQWVZHUH from trees JUDQWHG IRU SURFHVVLQJ RI IOD[ DQG KHPS VWUDZ LQWR of which: apples 1758 2325 2831 2623 149,2 113,0 92,8 ILEUH3D\PHQWUDWHZDV(85WRQQHIRUORQJIOD[ pears 68 79 73 83 122,0 105,6 114,0 ILEUHDQG(85 WRQQHIRUVKRUWIOD[ILEUHDQGKHPS plums 108 114 114 121 112,0 106,2 106,3 ILEUH sour cherries 145 177 202 189 130,3 106,8 93,8 3D\PHQWUDWHIRUWKHSURFHVVLQJRIGU\IRGGHUZDV cherries 37 43 41 51 137,8 117,2 123,7 (85WRQQH Harvest of fruit 7KH SD\PHQW PHFKDQLVP RQ WKH DERYH PHQ from fruit-bearing 430 475 553 546 127,0 114,9 98,7 WLRQHGPDUNHWVLVLPSOHPHQWHGE\$JULFXOWXUDO0DUNHW trees and planta- $JHQF\ 3ROLVKDEEUHYLDWLRQ ARR tions of berries 3RODQGLVWKHWKLUGKRSSURGXFHULQWKH(8RXW of which: straw- berries 169 179 201 199 117,2 111,2 99,1 SDFHGE\*HUPDQ\DQGWKH&]HFK5HSXEOLF,Q WKHDUHDRIKRSFURSVZDVKDDQGWKHKDUYHVW raspberries 41 51 82 82 200,0 160,8 100,0 ZDV WRQQHV currants 166 181 187 196 116,7 108,3 99,9 3RODQGUDQNVVHFRQGLQWKH(XURSHDQ8QLRQDV gooseberries 35 22 18 16 45,7 72,7 97,7 WRWREDFFRVL]HSURGXFWLRQDIWHU,WDO\,Q WREDF Table 9. Harvest of fruit from fruit-bearing trees and planta- FRZDVJURZQE\RYHUKROGLQJVRQWKHDUHD tions of berries (in thousand tonnes); Source: Agricultural and horticultural plant production in 2009, CSO. 19 AGRICULTURE 1995 2000 2007 2008 2009 RI KD 7RWDO SURGXFWLRQ ZDV WKRXVDQG in thousand heads WRQQHV Cattle 7305,6 6082,6 5696, 5757,7 5700 of which: cows 3578,9 3097,5 2788,7 2808,5 2688 ANIMAL PRODUCTION, SELECTED Pigs 20417,8 17122,0 18128,5 15425,3 14279 MARKETS AND PROCESSING of which: sows 1875,2 1577,4 1767,4 1366,6 1374 SECTORS Sheep 713,2 361,6 331,9 323,6 286,4 in heads per 100 ha of agricultural land ,Q WKH3ROLVKPHDWPDUNHWGLVSOD\HGVLJQLIL Cattle 39,2 33,0 35,2 35,8 35,4 FDQWFKDQJHVDVFRPSDUHGWRWKHSUHYLRXV\HDU:LWK of which: cows 19,2 16,8 17,2 17,4 16,7 LQFUHDVHG VXSSO\ RI FHUHDOV DQG D GHFUHDVH LQ WKHLU Pigs 109,6 93,0 112,1 95,5 82,3 SULFHVWKHVLWXDWLRQLQWKHVHFWRURIDQLPDOSURGXF of which: sows 10,1 8,6 10,9 8,5 8,4 WLRQZDVLQIOXHQFHGE\DGHFHOHUDWLRQRIWKHGHFUHDVH Sheep 3,8 2,0 1,9 1,7 1,7 LQWKHQXPEHURISLJVIXUWKHUGHYHORSPHQWRISRXO Table 10. Farm animals between 1995 and 20091// [1/ The num- WU\SURGXFWLRQDQGLQFUHDVLQJLQWHUHVWLQFDWWOHUHDU ber of pigs as at the end of July]; Source: Land use, sown area LQJ,Q WKHDYHUDJHSULFHVRISLJVLQFUHDVHGE\ and farm animal stock in 2009, CSO. DQGRIEHHIE\3URILWDELOLW\RISLJUHDU LQJLPSURYHGDVDUHVXOWRIDQLQFUHDVHLQSULFHVRI Annual average 2009 OLYHSLJVDQGDGHFUHDVHLQSULFHVRIFHUHDOVDQGIHHG $VDFRQVHTXHQFHWKHGHFUHDVLQJWUHQGLQSLJUHDU 0 005 LQJREVHUYHGIRUDIHZ\HDUVUHYHUVHG,Q FDWWOH 8 9 2000 2000 Specification 2005 00 00 - - 00 00 1 1 1- 1 - 2 SXUFKDVLQJ SULFHV ZHUH UHFRUG KLJK WKH\ LQFUHDVHG 2 2 = = 2008 = 10 200 E\RYHUDVFRPSDUHGWRWKHSUHYLRXV\HDU$IWHU 1996 200 1996 DIHZ\HDUVRIVWDJQDWLRQVXFKDVLJQLILFDQWLQFUHDVH Slaughter livestock production in thousand 4181 4505 4975 4834 115,6 107,3 96,6 LPSURYHGWKHSURILWDELOLW\RIFDWWOHUHDULQJ)DYRXUD tonnes in live weight EOHPDUNHWFLUFXPVWDQFHVDOVRUHVXOWHGLQDFRQVLGHU of which: cattle 733 577 722 740 100,9 128,2 102,5 DEOHDFFHOHUDWLRQRIJURZWKRIOLYHSRXOWU\DQGSRXOWU\ (excluding calves) PHDWLQ ,QVSLWHRIWKHLQFUHDVHLQSXUFKDVLQJ pigs 2572 2586 2483 2202 85,6 85,1 88,6 SULFHV RI OLYH VKHHS LQ DV FRPSDUHG WR Poultry 726 1223 1664 1783 245,0 145,8 107,1 WKHQXPEHURIVKHHSDQGOLYHVKHHSSURGXFWLRQGH Per meat in hot carcass . weight 3156 3425 3751 3623 114,8 105,8 96,2 FUHDVHGIXUWKHU E\ Table 10 ,Q WKHSULYDWHVHFWRUFRQWUROOHG RI Cow’s milk in million 11.76211.533 12063 12085 102,7 104,8 100,2 litres FDWWOHVWRFNRISLJV RIVKHHS RI KRUVHVDQG RISRXOWU\ Chicken eggs in million 7415 9013 10463 10881 145,6 120,7 104,0 pieces ,Q WKHVKDUHRILQGLYLGXDOKROGLQJVLQFRZ Animal productivity (average annual capacity from 1 animal) PLONSURGXFWLRQUHPDLQHGDWWKHOHYHOIURPWKHSUHYL Milk yield from 1 cow 3453 3982 4351 4455 129 111,8 102,4 RXV \HDU 7KH VWUXFWXUH RI KROGLQJV UHDULQJ in litres FRZVLVFKDQJLQJ:KLOHKROGLQJVZLWKOHVVWKDQ Number of eggs from 1 laying hen, pieces 174 201 217 226 131,0 112,4 105,1 FRZV ZLWKGUDZ IURP PLON SURGXFWLRQ WKH QXPEHU RIKROGLQJZLWKPRUHWKDQFRZVLVRQWKHXSVLGH Table 11. Production of basic animal products between 1996 and 2009; Source: Concise Statistical Yearbook 2009, CSO, Agri- 6WLOODERXWRQHWKLUGRIFRZVDUHNHSWLQWKHVPDOOHVW culture in 2009 CSO. KROGLQJV7KHWUHQGRIUHGXFLQJVWRFNLQVPDOOKROG LQJVLVDVLJQRIDFFHOHUDWLQJWKHSURFHVVRIPLONSUR GXFWLRQFRQFHQWUDWLRQFOHDUO\YLVLEOHLQ k pricesp in Poland Years d expressed in % n ,Q-XQHWKHVWRFNRIPLONFRZVUHDUHGIRU -27 a and l FRQVXPSWLRQ PLON FRQVWLWXWHG RI WRWDO FRZ ermany enmar UE months Po UE-27 Niemcy Dania G D SRSXODWLRQ:LWKLQWKHODVWVL[\HDUVWKHVWRFNRIPLON VII 146,12 144,81 150,74 121,73 99,2 96,2 119,1 FRZVGHFUHDVHGE\KHDGV E\ ZKLOH 2007 XII 132,11 129,82 135,40 112,06 97,8 95,9 115,8 WKH QXPEHU RI RWKHU FRZV LQFUHDVHG RYHU IRXUIROG VII 169,22 185,13 178,08 139,51 109,4 103,3 131,4 IURPWRWKRXVDQGKHDGV 6XFNOHUFRZV 2008 XII 144,36 150,27 150,82 125,21 104,1 99,6 120,0 XVHGSULPDULO\IRUUHDULQJPHDWFDOYHVKDGWKHJUHDW VII 156,48 160,52 158,40 134,27 102,3 101,4 119,6 HVWLQIOXHQFHRQWKHG\QDPLFDOO\GHYHORSLQJVWRFNRI 2009 XII 131,92 125,81 134,34 113,78 95,4 93,7 110,6 RWKHUFRZV7KHQXPEHURIPLONFRZVGHFUHDVHGLQDOO Table 12. Market prices of pigs in the EU (EUR/100 kg of W\SHVRIKROGLQJVEXWLQLQGLYLGXDOKROGLQJVWKHUDWH carcass weight) and prices in Poland expressed in % of those RIGHFUHDVHZDVORZHU E\ WKDQLQKROGLQJVRI prices (July and December of 2007 and 2008); Source: IERiGŻ – OHJDOSHUVRQV E\ Meat market 2010. 20 AGRICULTURE ,Q VSLWH RI VLJQLILFDQW SURJUHVV LQ PLON SURGXF ,Q WHUPV RI PLON SURGXFWLRQ 3RODQG KROGV WKH VL[WK WLRQFRQFHQWUDWLRQRIFRZVDUHVWLOONHSWLQVPDOO SODFHLQ(XURSH VKDUH 3RODQGqVVKDUHLQ(8 KROGLQJV FRZV DQGWKHVPDOOHVWKROGLQJV XS LV,QJOREDOPLONSURGXFWLRQ3RODQGqVVKDUH WR FRZV RQO\ DUH NHSW LQ KROGLQJV RI LVZKLFKJLYHVLWWKHWHQWKSRVLWLRQ SRVLWLRQ FRZVRUPRUH,Q(8WKHDYHUDJHKHUGRIFRZVLV KLJKHUWKDQLQ FRPSRVHGRIRYHUFRZVDQGWKHVKDUHRIWKHODUJ HVWKHUGVLQVWRFNVWUXFWXUHLVRYHU Meat market and processing 2IWKHWRWDOQXPEHURIFRZVNHSWLQLQGLYLGXDO ,Q SURGXFWLRQ RI WKH WKUHH EDVLF W\SHV KROGLQJV ZHUHLQKROGLQJVZLWKRQHFRZ RI OLYHVWRFN DV SHU KRW FDUFDVV ZHLJKW DPRXQWHG WR LQ LQKROGLQJVNHHSLQJFRZV LQ WKRXVDQG WRQQHV DQG ZDV ORZHU WKDQ LQ WKHSUHYLRXV\HDU LQKROGLQJVZLWKFRZV WKHSUHFHGLQJ\HDU3RXOWU\DQGFDWWOHSURGXFWLRQLQ LQWKHSUHFHGLQJ\HDU DQGWKHKLJKHVW FUHDVHGE\DQGUHVSHFWLYHO\ SLJVSURGXFWLRQ u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able 12. 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VXPSWLRQRISRXOWU\LQFUHDVHGE\ ,Q WKHJOREDOSURGXFWLRQRISRUNDPRXQWHG WRPLOOLRQWRQQHVDQGZDVKLJKHUWKDQLQ Meat processing LQ&KLQDLWLQFUHDVHGE\LQ(8DQGWKH ,Q LQGXVWULDOVODXJKWHURIFDWWOHDQGFDOYHV 8QLWHG6WDWHVLWGHFUHDVHGE\DQGUHVSHF LQFUHDVHG E\ ZKLOH FRPPHUFLDO VODXJKWHU RI WLYHO\ 7KH WRWDO SURGXFWLRQ RI &KLQD 8QLWHG 6WDWHV SLJVGHFUHDVHGFRQVLGHUDEO\DVFRPSDUHGWRWKHSUH DQG(8FRQVWLWXWHVRIJOREDOSURGXFWLRQ,Q YLRXV\HDU E\RYHU 7KHGHFUHDVHLQUDZPDWHUL WKHJOREDOSURGXFWLRQRIEHHIGHFUHDVHGE\ DOVIURPRZQVODXJKWHUZDVFRPSHQVDWHGE\LPSRUWRI LQ&KLQDE\LQWKH8QLWHG6WDWHVE\DQGLQ SRUN RYHUWRQQHV DQGFRQVWDQWO\LQFUHDVLQJ (8E\7KHWRWDOEHHISURGXFWLRQRI&KLQD SURFHVVLQJRISRXOWU\PHDW'XHWRERWKWKHVHIDFWRUV 8QLWHG 6WDWHV %UD]LO $UJHQWLQD DQG (8 FRQVWL WKH GHFUHDVH LQ RZQ VODXJKWHU GLG QRW DIIHFW WXUQR WXWHVFORVHWRRIJOREDOSURGXFWLRQ,QWKH YHURIPHDWSODQWV,QWKH\HDUV WXUQRYHU VKDUHRI3ROLVKSURGXFWLRQRIPHDWIURPVODXJKWHULQ RIPHDWSODQWVLQFUHDVHGE\RYHUZLWKWKH (8DPRXQWHGWRDQGLQ(XURSH WKXV LQFUHDVH LQ SULFHV RI WKHLU SURGXFWV $IWHU WZR \HDUV 3RODQGUDQNVVHYHQWK3RODQGqVVKDUHLQJOREDOSUR RIDYLVLEOHGHFUHDVHLQFRPPHUFLDOVODXJKWHURISLJV GXFWLRQRIPHDWIURPVODXJKWHULQDPRXQWHGWR SURGXFWLRQUHYLYHGLQ1RYHPEHU 2QWKHEDVLV uDUHVXOWDZDUGLQJWKHWKSODFH WKLQ RISURGXFWLRQUHVXOWVRIODUJHDQGPHGLXPVL]HGFRP 21 AGRICULTURE SDQLHV,(5L*ēHVWLPDWHVWKDWFRPPHUFLDOVODXJKWHURI SLJVZRXOGLQFUHDVHE\DERXWLQDQGFRP PHUFLDOVODXJKWHURIFDWWOHZRXOGEHVLPLODURUORZHU WKDQLQ Table 13. $IWHUDWHPSRUDU\GHFUHDVHPDLQO\LQWKH UHVXOWVDQGWKHILQDQFLDOFRQGLWLRQRIWKHPHDWLQGXVWU\ DUHLPSURYLQJ$VFRPSDUHGWRWKHSUHYLRXV\HDUWRWDO UHYHQXHLQFUHDVHGE\QHWSURILWLQFUHDVHGE\ DQGRZQFDSLWDOE\FORVHWR/RQJWHUP GHEWGHFUHDVHGE\$OPRVWWKHHQWLUHQHWSURILW ZDVXVHGWRERRVWRZQZRUNLQJIXQGVZKLFKWUDQVODWHG LQWRDUHGXFWLRQLQLQYHVWPHQWRIODUJHDQGPHGLXP VL]HGPHDWLQGXVWU\FRPSDQLHV)URP WKHPHDW LQGXVWU\ KDV EHHQ ZLWQHVVLQJ IDYRXUDEOH UHODWLRQV RI VHOOLQJ SULFHV WR SXUFKDVLQJ SULFHV DFFRPSDQLHG E\ DQLQFUHDVHLQODERXUSURGXFWLYLW\UHGXFWLRQLQHQHUJ\ LQWHQVLW\DQGLPSURYHPHQWLQHIILFLHQF\,PSURYHPHQW LQILQDQFLDOUHVXOWVLVDOVRYLVLEOHLQWKXVSURYLQJ VXVWDLQDELOLW\RIIDYRXUDEOHWUHQGV 2009 2010P Milk market and processing Specification 2007 2008 2009 2010P 2008 2009 $FFRUGLQJ WR &62 GDWD LQ WKH YDOXH RI Commercial slaughter 2221,8 2000,4 1859,5 1900,0 93,9 102,2 FRPPHUFLDO PLON SURGXFWLRQ ZDV 3/1 ELOOLRQ DQG FRQVWLWXWHG RYHU RI RYHUDOO YDOXH RI FRP of which: - pigs 1859,0 1822,6 1453,0 1510,0 79,7 103,9 PHUFLDODJULFXOWXUDOSURGXFWLRQ,Q WKHYDOXHRI - cattle and calves 350,6 367,8 383,9 375,0 104,3 97,9 WRWDO PLON SURGXFWLRQ LQ 3RODQG UHDFKHG PLO Meat industry output OLRQWRQQHVDQGZDVKLJKHUWKDQLQ7KH Slaughter: – pigs 1451,5 1214,5 1101,0 1150,0 90,7 104,4 LQFUHDVH LQ PLON SURGXFWLRQ LV SULPDULO\ GXH WR LP - cattle and calves 229,3 184,1 187,0 185,0 101,6 98,9 SURYHPHQWLQPLON\LHOGRIFRZV,Q WKHDYHUDJH Production of 1146,6 1027,0 957,0 1020,0 93,2 106,6 \LHOGRIPLONFRZVLQ3RODQGZDV NJFRZDQ meat products LQFUHDVHRIDVFRPSDUHGWR$WWKHHQGRI Production of large and medium-sized companies WKHQXPEHURIPLONFRZVGHFUHDVHGE\WR of which: 953,1 873,6 814,6 870,0 93,2 106,9 PLOOLRQDVFRPSDUHGWRWKHHQGRIDVD - pig slaughter UHVXOWRIDGHFUHDVHLQWKHQXPEHURIPLONSURGXFHUV - cured meat LQ3RODQG7KHQXPEHURIPLONFRZVFRYHUHGZLWKXVH production 754,9 708,7 624,7 670,0 88,1 107,2 YDOXHDVVHVVPHQWLVLQFUHDVLQJ DWWKHHQGRI WKH Table 13. Processing of meat from slaughter animals (in thou- DVVHVVPHQWFRYHUHGRYHURIPLONFRZVWRFNDQG sand tonnes); Source: IERiGŻ – PIB, Meat Market 2010 WKHLUDYHUDJHPLON\LHOGUHDFKHG NJ Specification 2007 2008 2009 2009:2008 &RPPHUFLDO SURGXFWLRQ RI PLON LV H[HFXWHG E\ Number of dairy 232 224 214 95,5 FORVHWR VXSSOLHUVRIZKLFKZKROH VDOH VXSSOLHUV DQG GLUHFW VXSSOLHUV DV DW Employment 37230 35818 35574 99,3 0DUFK 6LQFH LQWURGXFWLRQ RI WKH PLON TXRWD Sales (PLN billion) 21,8 20,9 20,9 100,0 V\VWHP LQ 3RODQG WKH QXPEHU RI PLON VXSSOLHUV GH Profitability ratio (%) FUHDVHG FRQVLGHUDEO\ SULPDULO\ GXH WR DEDQGRQLQJ gross 3,81 1,08 3,85 359,2 WKLVGLUHFWLRQRISURGXFWLRQE\KROGLQJVZKLFKNHHS net 3,04 0,58 3,36 579,3 VPDOOQXPEHUVRIPLONFRZVZKHUHLQYHVWPHQWLVQRW capital formation 5,53 3,29 6,19 188,4 HFRQRPLFDOO\YLDEOH7KLVOHDGVWRFRQFHQWUDWLRQDQG Current liquidity 1,42 1,47 1,49 101,4 VSHFLDOLVDWLRQ RI PLON SURGXFWLRQ ZKLFK UDLVHV WKH Investment rate 1,73 1,30 1,03 74,6 FRPSHWLWLYHQHVV RI SDUWLFXODU PLONSURGXFLQJ KROG Share of profitable LQJV7KLVSURFHVVLVDOVRVWLPXODWHGE\(8VXEVLGLHV companies in the total 84,5 47,3 83,2 177,2 WRLQYHVWPHQWSURMHFWVUHODWHGWRPRGHUQLVDWLRQRIDJ number of companies ULFXOWXUDOKROGLQJV Table 14. 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ORGANIC FARMING 2UJDQLFIDUPLQJLVDV\VWHPRIIDUPLQJEDVHGRQ VXVWDLQDEOH SODQW DQG DQLPDO SURGXFWLRQ 2UJDQLF SURGXFWLRQ FRPELQHV WKH EHVW HQYLURQPHQWDO SUDF WLFHKLJKGHJUHHRIELRGLYHUVLW\SURWHFWLRQRIQDWX UDOUHVRXUFHVZLWKNHHSLQJKLJKVWDQGDUGVRIDQLPDO ZHOIDUH DQG SURGXFWLRQ PHWKRGV ZKLFK VDWLVI\ WKH UHTXLUHPHQWVRIFRQVXPHUVRSWLQJIRUSURGXFWVPDQX IDFWXUHGZLWKWKHXVHRIQDWXUDOVXEVWDQFHVDQGQDWX UDOSURFHVVHVFig. 10. 7KH QXPEHU RI RUJDQLF IDUPV YDULHV GHSHQGLQJ 8 8 09 0 / / RQWKHUHJLRQ0RVWRIWKHPDUHORFDWHGLQVRXWKHDVW 00 =1 3RODQGZKHUHIDUPVDUHVPDOODQGIDPLO\UXQ 000/01 005/06 007/0 008/09 008 007 2 2 2 2 2 2 2UJDQLF IDUPLQJ LV WKH PRVW HQYLURQPHQWDOO\ Mineral fertilizers NPK 90,8 123,3 132,6 117,9 88,8 IULHQGO\ PHWKRG RI DJULFXOWXUDO SURGXFWLRQ HQKDQF LQJ VRLO IHUWLOLW\ DQG SUHVHUYLQJ ODQGVFDSH GLYHUVLW\ of which: nitric N 50,3 62,5 70,7 68,0 96,2 phosphorus P O 17,9 27,7 28,8 23,3 80,9 DQGELRGLYHUVLW\,QRUGHUWRHQKDQFHELRORJLFDODFWLY 2 5 LW\DQGIHUWLOLW\RIVRLOFURSVDUHDSSURSULDWHO\URWDWHG potassic K2O 22,6 33,1 33,3 26,6 79,9 LWLVREOLJDWRU\WRSODQWVRLOHQULFKLQJFURSVVXFKDV calcium fertilizers CaO 94,2 54,8 38,5 32,9 85,5 SDSLOLRQDFHRXVSODQWV Table 16. Use of mineral and calcium fertilisers (in pure NPK ,QWKHUHFHQW\HDUVZHKDYHZLWQHVVHGLQFUHDVLQJ per 1 ha of agricultural land); Source: Agriculture in 2009, CSO LQWHUHVWLQRUJDQLFIRRGSURGXFWLRQPHWKRGVDOORYHU Warsaw 2010. WKHZRUOGSDUWLFXODUO\LQWKH(87KHZRUOGqVDUHDRI RUJDQLFFURSVH[FHHGVPLOOLRQKDRIZKLFK DUHORFDWHGLQWKH(8'HVSLWHIDYRXUDEOHFRQGLWLRQV 2005 2006 2008 2009 3RODQG ODJV EHKLQG WKH (8 DYHUDJH DV UHJDUGV WKH Seed for sowing, young trees, cuttings, others 95,4 110,1 103,0 89,9 QXPEHUDQGWKHDUHDRIRUJDQLFIDUPV Mineral, chemical and 7KH EDVLF GRFXPHQWV ZKLFK SURYLGH IRU WKH calcium fertilizers 107,9 100,4 138,4 107,1 UXOHVRIRUJDQLFIDUPLQJDUH &RXQFLO5HJXODWLRQ (& Plant protection products 101,7 100,8 109,9 107,0 1R RI -XQH on organic produc- Farm animals and birds 107,6 102,9 104,1 103,5 tion and labelling of organic products and repealing Regulation (EEC) No 2092/91DVZHOODV&RPPLVVLRQ Feed 90,4 99,1 114,5 94,0 5HJXODWLRQ (& 1R RI6HSWHPEHU Agricultural machinery and equipment 110,6 102,2 102,9 102,1 laying down detailed rules for the implementation of Council Regulation (EC) No 834/2007 on organic Construction materials 104,9 100,9 105,0 98,1 production and labelling of organic products with re- Fuels, oils, lubricants 107,7 99,6 107,2 97,4 . As gard to organic production, labelling and control Maintenance of agricultural 105,1 104,0 111,4 106,2 FRPSDUHGWR&RXQFLO5HJXODWLRQ WKH5HJ and horticultural machinery XODWLRQV H[WHQG WKH VFRSH RI RUJDQLF SURGXFWLRQ WR Veterinary services 102,3 101,4 103,1 102,9 LQFOXGHDTXDFXOWXUH,WLVDOVRSODQQHGWRLQWURGXFH Table 17. Changes in retail prices of means of agricultural pro- duction (previous year = 100); Source: Agriculture in 2009, CSO. 27 AGRICULTURE GHWDLOHG UHJXODWLRQV RQ SURGXFWLRQ RI RUJDQLF ZLQH IURPJUDSHV 2Q WKH QDWLRQDO OHYHO RUJDQLF IDUPLQJ LV JRY HUQHGE\WKH$FWRI-XQH on organic farming. &RQWURO DQG FHUWLILFDWLRQ RI SURGXFWLRQ DUH NH\ HOHPHQWV RI WKH RUJDQLF SURGXFWLRQ V\VWHP HQVXU LQJFRPSOLDQFHRISURGXFWLRQZLWKWKHSURYLVLRQVRI &RXQFLO5HJXODWLRQ (& 1RDQG&RPPLV VLRQ5HJXODWLRQ (& 1R &RPSOLDQFHFHU WLILFDWHV DUH UHFRJQLVHG WKURXJKRXW LQ WKH (XURSHDQ 8QLRQ 7KH 3ROLVK FRQWURO DQG FHUWLILFDWLRQ V\VWHP ZDVHVWDEOLVKHGSXUVXDQWWRWKH$FWRQRUJDQLFIDUP LQJ ,Q WKHUH ZHUH DFFUHGLWHG FHUWLILFDWLRQ ERGLHVUHVSRQVLEOHIRUFRQWURODQGFHUWLILFDWLRQLQWKH RUJDQLFIDUPLQJVHFWRUQDPHO\ EKOGWARANCJA PTRE Sp. z o. o. 7RPDV]RZLFH'ñEURZLFD3 1R 3/(.27HO PNG Sp. z o.o. -HGQRVWND&HUW\ILNXMñFD31*Z=DMñF]NRZL 3LHNRV]ÑZ No: 3/(.27HO COBICO Sp. z o. o. .UDNÑZXO*U]HJÑU]HFND No: 3/(.27HO BIOEKSPERT Sp. z o. o. :DUV]DZDXO%R\DēHOHþVNLHJR No: 3/(.27HO %,2&(570$ã232/6.$6S]RR tys.zł .UDNÑZXO/XELF]$ 18000 No: 3/(.27HO 17000 16000 3ROVNLH&HQWUXP%DGDþL&HUW\ILNDFML6$ 15000 2GG]LDä%DGDþL&HUW\ILNDFMLZ3LOH 14000 3LäDXOćQLDGHFNLFK No: 3/(.27HO 13000 12000 AGRO BIO TEST Sp. z o. o. 11000 u:DUV]DZDXO1RZRXUV\QRZVND 10000 No: 3/(.27HO 9000 8000 7º95KHLQODQG3ROVND6S]RR 7000 :DUV]DZDXO6W\F]QLD 6000 No: 3/(.27HO 5000 4000 &HQWUXP-DNRĈFL$JUR(NR6S]RR 3000 1LHSRUöWXO%DĈNL No: 2000 3/(.2 7HO 1000 6*63ROVND6S]RR 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 :DUV]DZD, XO%HPD No: 3/(.27HO Fig. 10. The number of organic farms inspected in Poland between 2003 and 2009 28 AGRICULTURE Control Union Poland Sp. z o.o. 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REWDLQHG LQ WKH ZHVWHUQ DQG QRUWKHUQ YRLYRGHVKLSV RI 3RODQG ZKHUH KROGLQJV DUH UHODWLYHO\ ODUJHU DQG IHUWLOLVDWLRQDQGSODQWSURWHFWLRQDUHPRUHLQWHQVLYH RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES ,QHDVWHUQDQGVRXWKHUQUHJLRQVRI3RODQG\LHOGV AND BIOFUELS DUH ORZHU GXH WR WKH IUDJPHQWDWLRQ RI DJULFXOWXUDO ODQGOHVVLQWHQVLYHIHUWLOLVDWLRQDQGVXEVLVWHQFHIDUP ,Q0DUFK(XURSHDQ&RXQFLOPDGHDGHFL LQJLQDVLJQLILFDQWQXPEHURIDJULFXOWXUDOKROGLQJV VLRQWKDWXQWLO(XURSHDQ8QLRQ Table 18. ZRXOGGHFUHDVHJUHHQKRXVHJDVHPLVVLRQE\ 7KHSURGXFWLRQRIFHUWDLQSODQWVLVFOHDUO\FRQ FRPSDUHGWRWKHHPLVVLRQOHYHORI FHQWUDWHG:KLOHFHUHDOVDUHJHQHUDOO\FXOWLYDWHGLQDOO ZRXOG LQFUHDVH WKH VKDUH RI UHQHZDEOH HQHUJ\ YRLYRGHVKLSIRUH[DPSOHEXFNZKHDWZDVSODQWHGLQ VRXUFHVLQWKHILQDOHQHUJ\FRQVXPSWLRQE\ RQWKHWRWDODUHDRIWKRXVDQGKDWKRX ZRXOGLPSURYHHQHUJ\HIILFLHQF\E\ UHGXF VDQGKDRIZKLFKLHRIWKHWRWDOFURSVZHUH WLRQRISULPDU\HQHUJ\FRQVXPSWLRQ ORFDWHGLQ'ROQRĈOñVNLHDQG/XEHOVNLHYRLYRGHVKLSV ZRXOG UHDFK VKDUH RI ELRIXHOV LQ WKH WRWDO 0LOOHW LV JURZQ PDLQO\ LQ WKH ćZLöWRNU]\VNLH FRQVXPSWLRQWUDQVSRUWIXHOVLQ YRLYRGHVKLSDQGLWV\LHOGRIGWPDNHVXSDO 7KH (XURSHDQ &RXQFLO VHWWLQJ WKH [ REMHF PRVWRIWKHWRWDO\LHOGVLQ3RODQG*UDLQPDL]H WLYHVDGRSWHGJXLGHOLQHVIRUWKHLULPSOHPHQWDWLRQ 30 AGRICULTURE D GLYHUVLILHG IDLU DQG WUDQVSDUHQW DSSURDFK WDN Consumptionp of fertilizers LQJ DFFRXQW RI QDWLRQDO GHWHUPLQDQWV LV QHHGHG Yields Yields expressed in pure of ce- of po- component LQWHUPVRIWKH0HPEHU6WDWHVqFRQWULEXWLRQWRWKH reals tatoes from from Mineral UHGXFWLRQRIWKHJUHHQKRXVHJDVHPLVVLRQ Calcium 1 ha 1 ha in or chemical fertilizers in dt dt fertilizers WKH REMHFWLYHV VKRXOG EH PHW ZLWK UHJDUG WR IDLU in thousand t in thousand t GLVWULEXWLRQRIHIIRUWVDQGSURILWVDPRQJ0HPEHU Poland 34,8 191 1899,4 529,8 6WDWHVDFFRUGLQJWRWKHLUGLYHUVLILHGFRQGLWLRQV GXHWRWKHVLJQLILFDQFHRIWKHHQHUJ\LQWHQVLYHLQ Dolnośląskie 41,8 204 151,3 54,3 GXVWU\VHFWRUVPHDVXUHVDGRSWHGVKRXOGLPSURYH Kujawsko-Pomorskie 38,0 202 190,8 42,3 ERWKWKHLUFRPSHWLWLYHQHVVDQGUHGXFHWKHLPSDFW Lubelskie 30,3 189 155,3 31,0 RQWKHHQYLURQPHQW Lubuskie 37,1 191 60,2 18,2 Łódzkie 31,4 210 131,9 25,5 7KXVWKH&RXQFLORI0LQLVWHUVDGRSWHGPolish En- Małopolskie 31,8 181 42,9 4,8 ergy Policy until 2030DVVXPLQJWKHIROORZLQJEDVLF REMHFWLYHV Mazowieckie 27,8 166 202,3 35,1 LPSURYHPHQWRIWKHHQHUJ\HIILFLHQF\ Opolskie 49,0 215 104,6 55,9 LPSURYHPHQWRIWKHHQHUJ\VHFXULW\ Podkarpackie 31,2 178 41,4 11,5 GHYHORSPHQW RI XVH RI UHQHZDEOH VRXUFHV RI HQ Podlaskie 27,0 161 107,0 15,2 HUJ\LQFOXGLQJELRIXHOV Pomorskie 35,9 228 99,7 28,9 GHYHORSPHQWRIFRPSHWLWLYHIXHODQGHQHUJ\PDU kets, Śląskie 34,9 209 48,2 11,0 UHGXFWLRQ RI WKH HQHUJ\ LPSDFW RQ WKH HQYLURQ Świętokrzyskie 28,6 173 48,0 2,8 PHQW Warmińsko-mazurskie 35,4 175 120,7 47,9 1DWLRQDO DJULFXOWXUH ZLWK D ODUJH SRWHQWLDO RI Wielkopolskie 39,9 226 279,5 85,6 SURGXFWLRQRIHQHUJ\UDZPDWHULDOVFDQFRQVLGHUDEO\ Zachodniopomorskie 41,2 227 115,6 59,8 FRQWULEXWH WR WKH DFKLHYHPHQW RI WKH DERYH REMHF WLYHV $FFRUGLQJ WR WKH HVWLPDWHV RI WKH 0LQLVWU\ RI Table 18. Yields of cereals and potatoes compared with the $JULFXOWXUH DQG 5XUDO 'HYHORSPHQW DSSUR[LPDWHO\ intensity of mineral and organic fertilisation; Source: Agriculture in PLOOLRQKDRIXWLOLVHGDJULFXOWXUDODUHDFDQEHDOOR 2009r, CSO. FDWHGIRUHQHUJ\SXUSRVHV&RQVLGHUDEOHDPRXQWVRI E\SURGXFWVDQGUHPDLQVIURPDJULFXOWXUDOSURGXFWLRQ FDUULHGRXWRQRWKHUXWLOLVHGDJULFXOWXUDODUHDVDVZHOO DVUHPDLQVIURPWKHDJULIRRGLQGXVWU\ZKLFKZLOOEH Specification Use in 2009 Forecasted target GHVFULEHGEHORZDUHDOVRSRWHQWLDOVRXUFHVRIHQHUJ\ [thousand ha] use [thousand ha] Table 19. Total utilised agricultural area satisfying the needs of the biofuels 520 1300 7KH DERYH WDEOH UHIOHFWV FXUUHQW DQG SRWHQWLDO market (rape + cereal) QHHGIRUWKHXVHRIXWLOLVHGDJULFXOWXUDODUHDVIRUHQ Cereals for the production of bio- HUJ\SXUSRVHV7KHXVHRIDYDLODEOHXWLOLVHGDJULFXO ethanol - area taken into account 120 500 WXUDODUHDVIRUHQHUJ\FURSVZLOOEHGHWHUPLQHGPDLQO\ in the total crops E\ WKH QHHGV RI DPRQJ RWKHUV SURIHVVLRQDO HQHUJ\ Rape for the production of esters – VHFWRUZKLFKLVREOLJHGWRFRYHUVWDWXWRU\VKDUHVRI area taken into account in the total 400 800 rape crop UHQHZDEOHHQHUJ\LQWKHSURGXFWLRQEDODQFH Target energy crops - current 10 700 i więcej Biofuels situation and estimates Total current and forecasted use of arable land for energy purposes 10 /530 700 /2000 %DVLF ELRFRPSRQHQWV XVHG LQ OLTXLG IXHOV DQG Table 19. The use of and forecasted demand for utilised OLTXLGELRIXHOVDUHELRHWKDQRODQGHVWHUVRIWKHUDSH agricultural area; Source: Own calculations of MARD based on VHHG RLO &XUUHQWO\ PRUH DQG PRUH ELRFRPSRQHQWV data from CSO SURGXFHGIURPQDWLRQDODJULFXOWXUDOUDZPDWHULDOVDUH XVHGWRPHHWWKH1DWLRQDO,QGH[7DUJHW7KHPDUNHWLV GHYHORSLQJJUDGXDOO\DOWKRXJKWKHSDFHLVQRWDVIDVW DVLWZRXOGEHH[SHFWHGE\DJULFXOWXUDOSURGXFHUVDQG ELRFRPSRQHQWSURGXFHUV 7KHGHYHORSPHQWRIWKLVPDUNHWLVRQHRIWKHNH\ HOHPHQWVRIWKH(XURSHDQ8QLRQFOLPDWHSROLF\3XU 31 AGRICULTURE quantity / 100 ha 80 VXDQW WR WKH 'LUHFWLYH (& RI WKH (XURSHDQ 111,7 3DUOLDPHQWDQGRIWKH&RXQFLORI$SULO on the Cattle of which cows promotion of the use of energy from renewable sourc- 70 2008 r. es and amending and subsequently repealing Direc- 2009* r. tives 2001/77/EC and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attle- 2009/2008=100 7KH PDUNHW RI ELRIXHOV DQG ELRFRPSRQHQWV LV 93,4 25 87,4 UHJXODWHGE\WKH$FWRI$XJXVWon biocom- 20 ponents and liquid biofuels$FFRUGLQJWRWKLV$FWD 15 Long term programme for promotion of biofuels or 10 other renewable fuels for 2009-1014 (Wieloletni pro- gram promocji biopaliw lub innych paliw odnawial- 5 nych na lata 2008-2014)ZDVDGRSWHGE\WKH&RXQFLO RI 0LQLVWHUV RQ -XO\ 7KH 3URJUDPPH SUR 90,9 92,5 89,9 86,8 92,5 91,0 83,8 91,9 89,9 90,2 98,5 89,4 93,6 103,0 110,2 102,6 107,2 YLGHVIRUDUDQJHRIPHFKDQLVPVVXSSRUWLQJWKHGHYHO RSPHQWRIWKHELRIXHOVPDUNHW7KHAct on biocompo- Śląskie Poland Poland Łódzkie Lubuskie Lubelskie Opolskie Pomorskie Pomorskie Podlaskie Podlaskie nents and liquid biofuelsLVEHLQJFXUUHQWO\DPHQGHG Małopolskie Dolnośląskie Mazowieckie Podkarpackie Wielkopolskie Świętokrzyskie LQRUGHUWRLQWURGXFHQHZLQVWUXPHQWVVXSSRUWLQJWKLV Cows - 2009/2008=100 Cows Zachodniopomorskie Kujawsko-pomorskie PDUNHWTable 20. Warmińsko-mazurskie Warmińsko-mazurskie *Stock of cattle and cows based on data from June 7KHDJULFXOWXUDOGHSDUWPHQWHVWLPDWHVWKDWLQRU GHUWRPHHWWKHWDUJHWVVHWE\WKH(XURSHDQ8QLRQIRU Fig. 11. Stock of cattle, cows per 100 ha of UAA in particular LWZLOOEHQHFHVVDU\WRVHFXUHDOPRVWPLOOLRQ 1/ voivodeships in 2009 (number of animals); Source: Agricul- WRQQHVRIFHUHDOV WKRXVDQGKDZLWKWKHHVWLPDWHG ture in 2009 GUS \LHOG RI WKD DQG DERXW PLOOLRQ WRQQHV RI UDSH WKRXVDQG KD ZLWK WKH HVWLPDWHG \LHOG RI quantity / 100 ha 300 2008 r. 2009* r. Biogas 250 200 $JULFXOWXUDO SURGXFWLRQ PD\ EH DQ LPSRUWDQW VRXUFHRIUDZPDWHULDOVIRUWKHSURGXFWLRQRIUHQHZ 150 DEOHHQHUJ\+DYLQJUHJDUGWRWKHPDLQREMHFWLYHRI 100 WKHDJULFXOWXUHLHVDWLVI\LQJWKHGHPDQGIRUIRRGWKH 50 0LQLVWHURI$JULFXOWXUHDQG5XUDO'HYHORSPHQWSD\V VSHFLDODWWHQWLRQWRWKHXVHRIWKHIROORZLQJSURGXFWV LQWKHILUVWSODFHIRUHQHUJ\UHODWHGSXUSRVHV 95,3 97,7 92,7 92,6 90,9 92,0 84,1 85,3 99,4 84,4 96,6 90,8 89,6 100,4 104,6 101,7 100,2 E\SURGXFWVDQGUHPDLQVIURPDJULFXOWXUDOSURGXF 2008=100 WLRQ Śląskie Poland Poland Opolskie Łódzkie Lubelskie Lubuskie Pomorskie Pomorskie Podlaskie Podlaskie E\SURGXFWVDQGUHPDLQVIURPWKHDJULIRRGLQGXV Małopolskie Dolnośląskie Mazowieckie Podkarpackie Wielkopolskie Świętokrzyskie WU\ OLTXLGDQGVROLGDQLPDOH[FUHPHQWV Kujawsko-pomorskie Zachodniopomorskie Warmińsko-mazurskie Warmińsko-mazurskie HQHUJ\FURSV *Stock of pigs based on data from March 7KHPRVWHIIHFWLYHPHWKRGWRXVHWKHVHVXEVWUDWHV Fig. 12. Stock of pigs per 100 ha of UAA in particular voivode- LVWRVXEMHFWWKHPWRPHWKDQHIHUPHQWDWLRQLQDJULFXO ships in 2009 1/ (number of animals); Source: Agriculture in 2009 WXUDOELRJDVSODQWV GUS 7KHJHQHUDWLRQRISRZHUIURPDJULFXOWXUDOELRJDV 32 AGRICULTURE AGRICULTURE FDQUHVXOWLQPDQ\DGYDQWDJHVIRUDPRQJRWKHUVUX Demand for: 2008 2010 2020 UDODUHDVVXFKDV Bioethanol [thousand m3] 288,77 463,37 805,75 LPSURYHPHQWRIHQHUJ\VHFXULW\ Cereals (80% share) PDNLQJDFRQVLGHUDEOHSDUWRIWKHJDVDQGHOHFWULF [thousand tonnes] 688,24 1 112,09 1 933,80 SRZHUGHOLYHU\GHSHQGHQWRQQXPHURXVORFDOEL Esters (total use of diesel oil 356,16 648,46 1 127,76 RJDVSURGXFWLRQSODQWV [thousand m3] LPSOHPHQWDWLRQ RI LQWHUQDWLRQDO FRPPLWPHQWV Rape (75% of needs) VSHFLILHGXQGHUWKHDGRSWHGHQYLURQPHQWDQGFOL [thousand tonnes] 747,94 1 361,77 2 368,30 PDWHUHODWHGWDUJHWVEDVHGRQORFDODYDLODEOHUDZ Table 20. Forecasted demand for agricultural raw materials PDWHULDOV for the production of biocomponents; Source: calculations and JHQHUDWLQJVLJQLILFDQWDPRXQWRISRZHUIURPUDZ data -MARD PDWHULDOV QRW FRPSHWLQJ ZLWK WKH IRRG PDUNHW VXFKDV DJULFXOWXUDOE\SURGXFWVOLTXLGDQGVROLG DQLPDOH[FUHPHQWVDQGUHPDLQVIURPWKHDJULIRRG silage makes LQGXVWU\QRWUHTXLULQJWKHUPDOSURFHVVLQJRUXWL silage makes up 70% of the substra- up 100% of the te, the remaining 30% is slurry d substrate OLVDWLRQ e ll ] LQFUHDVHLQDJULFXOWXUDOLQFRPHDVDUHVXOWRIXV ] demand demand demand for 3 or biogas f We m for silage for silage slurry LQJSURGXFWVWKDWLQPRVWFDVHVKDYHQRWEHHQUH [ [k LU JDUGHGDVJRRGVVRIDUDQGDVDUHVXOWRIVDOHVRI insta ower P (live- HQHUJ\VXUSOXV Demand tonnes ha tonnes ha tonnes stock REWDLQLQJ HQYLURQPHQWIULHQGO\ IHUPHQWDWLRQ units) ZDVWHWKDWFDQEHXVHGLQDJULFXOWXUH 1000 3650000 21000 440 14700 308 40556 1763 XVLQJRUJDQLFUHPDLQVDQGZDVWHHPLWWLQJJUHHQ 500 1825000 10500 220 7350 154 20278 882 KRXVHJDVWRWKHHQYLURQPHQWDVDUHVXOWRIXQFRQ 300 1095000 6300 132 4410 92 12167 529 WUROOHGGHFRPSRVLWLRQIRUHQHUJ\SXUSRVHV 200 730000 4200 88 2940 62 8111 353 $FFRUGLQJWRWKHUHVHDUFKRIWKH,QVWLWXWHRI&RQ VWUXFWLRQ 0HFKDQLVDWLRQ DQG (OHFWULILFDWLRQ RI $JUL 100 365000 2100 44 1470 30 4056 176 FXOWXUH DWSUHVHQWu,QVWLWXWHRI7HFKQRORJ\DQG/LIH 50 182500 1050 22 735 15 2028 88 6FLHQFHV WKH DFWXDO DYDLODEOH SRWHQWLDO RI UDZ PD 30 110606 636 13 445 9 1229 53 WHULDOV IRU ELRJDV SURGXFWLRQ KLGGHQ LQ DJULFXOWXUDO 20 73000 420 8 294 6 811 35 E\SURGXFWVDQGZDVWHIURPDJULIRRGLQGXVWU\LVSHU 10 36500 210 4 147 3 406 18 DQQXP 5 18250 105 2 74 1 203 9 3 DERXW PLOOLRQ P IURP DJULFXOWXUDO E\ Table 21. Demand for a substrate for agricultural biogas plant SURGXFWV depending on the ratio of silage to slurry (demand for the area 3 DERXWPLOOLRQP uIURPDJULIRRGSURFHVVLQJ of crop and the number of livestock units) E\SURGXFWV Source: Calculations of MARD on the basis of exploitation data (L. Ciurzyński) and Institute of Construction, Mechanisation and 3HUPDQHQW JUDVVODQG FDQ DOVR EH D VLJQLILFDQW Electrification of Agriculture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year LQWRWDO $QLPDO H[FUHPHQWV DUH DOVR DQ LPSRUWDQW UDZ PDWHULDOIRUELRJDVSURGXFWLRQ,WLVHVWLPDWHGWKDW PLOOLRQP3RIVOXUU\LVSURGXFHGDQQXDOO\LQ3ROLVK DJULFXOWXUDOKROGLQJVDWOHDVWRIZKLFKFRXOGEH 33 AGRICULTURE 2008 2009 XVHG IRU ELRJDV SURGXFWLRQ 0DQXUH LV DOVR D JRRG Specification 1995 2000 2005 2006 4th 4th VXEVWUDWH Quarter Quarter (QHUJ\ SRWHQWLDO RI WKH QDWLRQDO DJULFXOWXUH LV Total economic 58,4 56,4 54,9 54,0 54,7 55,1 WKHUHIRUHTXLWHELJDQGXOWLPDWHO\DIWHUFRPSOHPHQW activity coefficient LQJLWZLWKSURGXFWLRQIURPVSHFLDOFURSVZLWKRXWGHW Urban areas 55,8 54,2 53,5 54,5 54,5 ULPHQWIRUIRRGSURGXFWLRQLWSURYLGHVUDZPDWHULDOV Rural areas 60,5 57,5 56,0 54,9 54,5 55,2 VXEVWUDWHV QHFHVVDU\WRSURGXFHDQQXDOO\DERXWu Total employment rate 50,7 47,4 45,2 46,5 51,0 51,0 ELOOLRQP3RIELRJDVDVFOHDQDVPHWKDQHULFKQDWXUDO Urban areas 49,3 46,3 44,1 45,8 50,7 50,3 JDVTable 21. Rural areas 53,1 49,3 47,0 47,8 51,5 50,6 7KHWDEOHSUHVHQWVLQIRUPDWLRQRQWKHGHPDQGIRU VLODJHDQGDUHDQHFHVVDU\IRULWVSURGXFWLRQDVZHOODV Table 22. Economic activity of people aged 15 and older (%); Source: Statistical Bulletin 2010 CSO. GHPDQGIRUVOXUU\DQGWKHQXPEHURIDQLPDOVQHFHV VDU\WRJHQHUDWHLW$ELRJDVSODQWRSHUDWLQJDFFRUGLQJ WRWKHÕVXEVWUDWHPRGHO VLODJHVOXUU\ ZLWKN:HOHFWULFSRZHUUHTXLUHVKDRIXWLOLVHG 2008 2009 Specification 2002 2005 2006 IV kwartał IV kwartał DJULFXOWXUDODUHDRQO\IRUWKHSURGXFWLRQRIVLODJHDG Stopa bezrobocia 19,7 17,7 13,8 6,7 8,5 GLWLRQDOO\WRWKHQHFHVVLW\WRPHHWWKHIHHGGHPDQGRI DQLPDOV OLYHVWRFN XQLWV SURGXFLQJ H[FUHPHQWV - miasta 21,3 18,7 14,4 6,9 8,6 WKDWFDQEHXVHGLQWKHSODQW2QO\VXFKDQDPRXQW - wieś 17,2 16,1 13,0 6,4 8,2 RIWKHVXEVWUDWHZRXOGHQVXUHSURGXFWLRQDGHTXDWHWR Table 23. Unemployment rate based on BAEL (% of economi- WKHSRZHURIWKHSODQWZKLFKLVWKRXVDQGP3RI cally active population); Source: Statistical Bulletin 2010 - GUS. DJULFXOWXUDOELRJDV,QIRUPDWLRQGLUHFWHGWRSRWHQWLDO LQYHVWRUVKLJKOLJKWVWKHDGYDQWDJHVRIXVLQJELRPDVV RIDJULFXOWXUDORULJLQUHVXOWLQJIURPLWVFRPSRVLWLRQ ZKLFKLVVDIHIRUWKHHQYLURQPHQWDQGIRUWKHKHDOWK Rate of inten- Agricultural Rate of inten- sityyppy of support RISHRSOHDQGDQLPDOV Specification qualifications sity of direct for human in % support capital UE – 15 21,8 2,0 6,5 UE – 27 20,0 2,1 6,0 Poland 38,5 2,2 17,0 Table 24. Human capital in agriculture and rate of intensity of support for agriculture (* The rate covers agricultural hold- ing managers with complete agricultural training); Source: Uwarunkowania społeczne w rozwoju obszarów wiejskich po akcesji do UE – Synteza badań 2005-2009 (Social determinants of rural development after accession to the EU. Research synthesis) IERiGŻ – PIB (National Research Institute of Agricultural and Food Economics) 34 3HRSOHRISUHZRUNLQJDJH XQGHU FRQVWLWXWHG RURAL AREAS RIUXUDOSRSXODWLRQDQGRIXUEDQSRSXOD WLRQ General description of rural areas $FFRUGLQJWRWKHIRUHFDVWVRI*86FRQFHUQLQJWKH QXPEHURISHRSOHOLYLQJLQUXUDODUHDVLWZLOOVOLJKWO\ 5XUDODUHDVFRYHURYHU RIWKHDUHDRI3R GHFUHDVHE\,WZLOOUHVXOWIURPWKHIDOOLQJQXP ODQGDQGDUHSRSXODWHGE\PLOOLRQSHRSOHLH EHU RI ELUWKV DFFRPSDQLHG E\ D SRVLWLYH EDODQFH RI RIWKHFRXQWU\qVSRSXODWLRQ7KHDUHDSHUSHU LQWHUQDOPLJUDWLRQV0LJUDWLRQVDUHRIWHQFDXVHGE\D VRQLVKD KDSHUSHUVRQLQWKHFLWLHVDQG EHWWHUXVHRIZRUNLQDJULFXOWXUHDQGWKH\GHFUHDVH KDLQWKHFRXQWU\VLGH WKHDJULFXOWXUDORYHUSRSXODWLRQ0LJUDWLRQVKRZHYHU 7KHUHDUHWKRXVDQGYLOODJHVZLWKDQDYHUDJH DUH FRQQHFWHG ZLWK WKH ULVN UHODWHG WR WKH VHOHFWLYH SRSXODWLRQ RI SHRSOH 7KH YRLYRGHVKLSV ZLWK QDWXUH RI WKLV PHFKDQLVP 0LJUDWLRQ GHFLVLRQV DUH WKHPRVWGHQVHO\SRSXODWLRQVDUH 0DäRSROVNLH XVXDOO\WDNHQE\\RXQJZHOOHGXFDWHGDQGHQWUHSUH SHRSOH SHU YLOODJH 3RGNDUSDFNLH SHRSOH DQG QHXULDOSHRSOH,WFDQEHH[SHFWHGKRZHYHUWKDWSDUW ćOñVNLH SHRSOH 7KHYRLYRGHVKLSVZLWKWKHOHDVW RIWKHVHSHRSOHZRXOGFRPHEDFNZLWKKLJKHUTXDOL SRSXODWHGYLOODJHVDUH 3RGODVNLH SHRSOHSHUYLO ILFDWLRQV EHWWHU H[SHULHQFH DQG ILQDQFLDO UHVRXUFHV ODJH :DUPLþVNR0D]XUVNLH SHRSOH =DFKRG 6XFKWHQGHQF\FDQEHIDYRXUDEOHIRUWKHOLYLQJFRQ QLRSRPRUVNLH SHRSOH DQGãÑG]NLH SHRSOH GLWLRQVLQUXUDODUHDVRUFDQLQFUHDVHLQYHVWPHQWVLQ 7KHGLVSHUVHGVHWWOHPHQWDVZHOODVDVPDOOQXPEHU DJULFXOWXUDOKROGLQJV RILQKDELWDQWVSHUYLOODJHKLQGHUWKHGHYHORSPHQWRI UXUDO DUHDV LQFUHDVH WKH FRVWV RI LQIUDVWUXFWXUH DQG Economic activity and human IUHTXHQWO\ PDNH LW LPSRVVLEOH WR XQGHUWDNH QRQDJ capital in rural areas ULFXOWXUDODFWLYLWLHV,QUHFHQW\HDUVDUDSLGGHFUHDVH LQ WKH QXPEHU RI SHRSOH HDUQLQJ WKHLU OLYLQJ LQ DJ (FRQRPLFDFWLYLW\RISHRSOHDJHGDQGROGHU ULFXOWXUH KDV EHHQ REVHUYHG 5XUDO LQKDELWDQWV HDUQ DVZHOODVWKHHPSOR\PHQWUDWHLQWKHUXUDODUHDVDUH WKHLU LQFRPH IURP PDQ\ VRXUFHV PDLQO\ IURP SDLG KLJKHUWKDQLQFLWLHV,QWKHVXUYH\FRQGXFWHGE\WKH HPSOR\PHQW3HRSOHOLYLQJRQROGDJHDQGGLVDELOLW\ &HQWUDO 6WDWLVWLFDO 2IILFH *86 HQWLWOHG e%DGDQLH SHQVLRQV HVSHFLDOO\ LQ KRXVHKROGV ZLWK DQ DJULFXO $NW\ZQRĈFL (NRQRPLF]QHM /XGQRĈFLs e6XUYH\ RI WXUDOKROGLQJXVHUFRQVWLWXWHDVLJQLILFDQWVKDUHRIWKH (FRQRPLF$FWLYLW\RIWKH3RSXODWLRQs %$(/ WKHED SRSXODWLRQ VLFFULWHULRQIRUUHJDUGLQJDQLQGLYLGXDOHFRQRPLFDOO\ 'XHWRWKHQDWXUDODQGHQYLURQPHQWDOYDOXHVRI DFWLYHZDVWKHGXUDWLRQRIHPSOR\PHQWGXULQJWKHUHI UXUDODUHDVUXUDOWRXULVPDQGDJULWRXULVPDUHGHYHO HUHQFH SHULRG WDNLQJ LQWR DFFRXQW VLFNQHVV OHDYHV RSLQJDQGDQLQFUHDVLQJQXPEHURISHRSOHZRUNLQJLQ EUHDNVLQHFRQRPLFDFWLYLW\RUSHULRGVRIXQHPSOR\ WKHFLWLHVRUDWKRPHVWHQGWRPRYHWRWKHFRXQWU\VLGH PHQWRUDFWLYHVHDUFKIRUHPSOR\PHQWTable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ural population UXUDODUHDVLVORZHUWKDQLQFLWLHVDQGLWVKRZVDGRZQ ZDUGWHQGHQF\VLPLODUO\WRWKHXUEDQDUHDVTable 23. 6LQFH WKH SRSXODWLRQ LQ UXUDO DUHDV KDV 7KHXQHPSOR\PHQWLVJURZLQJLQDOOWKHJURXSV EHHQ JURZLQJ DQG E\ WKH HQG RI UHDFKHG WKH DQG DJH FDWHJRULHV ,Q XQHPSOR\PHQW LQ WKH OHYHORIWKRXVDQGSHRSOHLHE\ HFRQRPLFDOO\DFWLYHJURXSURVHIURPLQWKHst WKRXVDQG SHRSOH PRUH WKDQ LQ DQG E\ TXDUWHUWRLQWKHWKTXDUWHULQWKHFRXQWU\VLGH DQG WKRXVDQG PRUH WKDQ LQ :RPHQ UHSUHVHQWHG IURP WR LQ WKH FLWLHV 7KH XQHPSOR\PHQW RIWKHUXUDOSRSXODWLRQ DOWKRXJKLQFLWLHVWKH UDWHDFFRUGLQJWR%$(/ZDVLQWKHstTXDUWHU SHUFHQWDJHRIZRPHQZDVKLJKHUu RIDQGLWLQFUHDVHGE\GXULQJWKHTXDUWHU ,Q3RODQGWKHUHDUHSHRSOHSHUNP LQ DQGE\GXULQJWKH\HDU7KLVUDWHZDVKLJKHULQWKH FLWLHVDQGLQUXUDODUHDV8UEDQSRSXODWLRQLVROGHU FLW\ WKDQLQWKHFRXQWU\VLGH 8QHP WKDQUXUDOSRSXODWLRQ WKHDYHUDJHDJHRISHRSOHOLY SOR\PHQWUDWHDPRQJZRPHQ ZDVVWLOOKLJKHU LQJLQFLWLHVLV\HDUVZKHUHDVLQWKHFRXQWU\VLGH WKDW WKH UDWH DPRQJ PHQ ERWK LQ UXUDO DQG it is 35.5. XUEDQDUHDV6LQFHWKHHQGRIWKHstTXDUWHURI 35 RURAL AREAS Water pppipelines Sewageg network LHVLQFHPDUFKWKLV\HDUWKHXQHPSOR\PHQWUDWHKDV network (collective) EHHQWHQGLQJWRIDOODOWKRXJKLWLVVWLOOKLJKHUWKDQWKH Voivodeship Percent of Percent of \HDUEHIRUH Total as of water Total as of sewage 31.12.2009 pipelines 31.12.2009 system 7KHDJULFXOWXUHRI(80HPEHU6WDWHVLVGLYHUVL provision provision ILHGZLWKUHJDUGWRTXDOLILFDWLRQDQGWKHDJHVWUXFWXUH POLAND 216828,04 71,5 54136,30 20,8 RIWKHHPSOR\HHV7KHDQDO\VLVRIWKHLQWHQVLW\RIVXS dolnośląskie 10718,07 67,7 3797,43 23,3 SRUWIRUILQDQFLDODFWLYLWLHVIURP($)5'LQGLFDWHVWKDW kujawsko-po- 19225,17 72,7 3421,95 19,5 WKHIXQGVDOORFDWHGIRUWKHLQVWUXPHQWVRIVXSSRUWIRU morskie KXPDQ FDSLWDO LQ DJULFXOWXUH DUH UHODWLYHO\ VPDOO ,Q lubelskie 16572,82 69,1 1883,93 9,9 DQ DYHUDJH VXSSRUW IRU KXPDQ FDSLWDO lubuskie 4749,40 70,2 2222,43 20,9 PHDVXUHGLQDOOWKH(8VWDWHVLVVOLJKWO\OHVVWKDQ łódzkie 17923,26 86,5 1649,83 12,8 DQGGLUHFWVXSSRUWLVHYHQVPDOOHUu3RODQGGHIL małopolskie 13693,91 62,3 5489,60 22,0 QLWHO\KDVWKHKLJKHVWVXSSRUWIRUKXPDQFDSLWDODVLW mazowieckie 31879,64 73,9 3847,42 15,8 DOORFDWHVRIWKHIXQGVIRUWKLVSXUSRVH7KHQHZ opolskie 6067,72 72,2 1709,54 22,5 0HPEHU6WDWHVDOORFDWHWKHVDPHDPRXQWRIIXQGVDV WKH(8VWDWHVIRUDFWLYLWLHVHQKDQFLQJKXPDQFDSL podkarpackie 11418,51 62,9 9053,23 37,9 WDO7KHDYHUDJHUDWHRILQWHQVLW\RIVXSSRUWIRUKXPDQ podlaskie 10361,49 72,5 1035,34 14,1 FDSLWDOLVLQERWKFDVHVTable 24. pomorskie 10019,98 70,4 3978,20 31,5 $PRQJQHZ(8PHPEHUV/LWKXDQLDDQG&\SUXV śląskie 9860,94 72,5 3020,91 21,4 VSHQGDUHODWLYHO\ODUJHVKDUHRIIXQGVIURP($)5'IRU świętokrzyskie 10653,37 76,4 1790,81 14,5 KXPDQFDSLWDO DQG UHVSHFWLYHO\ ,Q/LWKXDQLD warmińsko-ma- 12154,17 59,4 2908,08 17,9 LWUHVXOWVIURPSUREOHPVUHODWHGWRWKHDJULFXOWXUDOSRS zurskie XODWLRQ DJHLQJ DQG XQIDYRXUDEOH DHULDO SRSXODWLRQ wielkopolskie 24553,96 85,0 5171,35 26,5 ZKLOHLQ&\SUXVWKHIXQGVDUHDOORFDWHGIRUVWUXFWXUDO zachodniopo- SHQVLRQVDQGVXSSRUWIRU\RXQJIDUPHUV DVLQ3RODQG morskie 6975,63 59,9 3156,25 24,9 Tab 25. The state of water pipeline and sewage networks and Rural infrastructure rates of water pipelines and sewers provision broken down by voivodeships; Source: department report RRW-2 – report on 5XUDO DUHDV DUH FKDUDFWHULVHG E\ ORZHU DYDLO implementation of the project concerning water pipelines and sanitation of rural areas in 2009. DELOLW\RIEDVLFWHFKQLFDOLQIUDVWUXFWXUHIDFLOLWLHVDQG VLPXOWDQHRXVO\E\UDSLGO\LQFUHDVLQJIXQGVDOORFDWHG IRUWKLVSXUSRVH Urban areas Rural areas Specification $QDSSURSULDWHOHYHORIEDVLFWHFKQLFDOLQIUDVWUXF 2005 2007 2005 2007 WXUHLQUXUDODUHDVLVGHILQLWHO\YHU\LPSRUWDQWDQGVL Internet users 49,6 59,7 29,5 39,3 PXOWDQHRXVO\ GXH WR LWV VSHFLILF FKDUDFWHU LW LV QRW - in the last 3 months 42,0 51,7 23,3 31,2 REWDLQDEOHHDVLO\7KDWLVEHFDXVHWKHUXUDOLQIUDVWUXF Number of people who 50,4 40,3 70,5 60,7 WXUHDVRSSRVHGWRXUEDQLQIUDVWUXFWXUHLV have never used Internet SRRUO\FRQFHQWUDWHG Table 26. Internet users according to their place of residence QRWLQWHQVLYH in 2005-2007 (in %); Source: IERiGŻ-PIB (The National Research RIWHQQRQFRQWLQXRXVLQUHVSHFWRIDUHD Institute of Agricultural and Food Economics) FDSLWDOLQWHQVLYH GXHWRORQJGLVWDQFHV includinggpyg those employ- QRWYHU\LQWHJUDWHG Specification Year Total ing up to 9 employees 2003 3581593 95,22% ,QWKHHQGRI WKHUHZHUHNPRI POLAND 2008 3757093 94,97% ZDWHUSLSHOLQHV NPRIZKLFKZHUHEXLOWLQ Dynamics 104,90% - 7KH VHZDJH V\VWHP ZDV NP ORQJ 2003 2732248 95,19% DQGLQ DGGLWLRQDONPZHUHEXLOW7KH Urban areas 2008 2828613 94,97% ORQJHVWZDWHUSLSHOLQHV\VWHPLVLQWKH0D]RZLHFNLH YRLYRGHVKLS NP DQGWKHVKRUWHVWLVLQWKH Dynamics 103,53% - /XEXVNLH YRLYRGHVKLS NP 7KH 3RGNDU 2003 849345 95,30% SDFNLH YRLYRGHVKLS KDV WKH ORQJHVW VHZDJH V\VWHP Rural areas 2008 928480 94,99% LH ZKLOH LQ WKH 3RGODVNLH YRLYRGHVKLS Dynamics 109,32% - VHZHUVDUHRQO\NPORQJ Table 27. Entities of the national economy registered in the 7DNLQJDFFRXQWRIWKHYDULRXVVL]HVRIYRLYRGH REGON register; Source: own calculations on the basis o of CSO VKLSVLQ3RODQGDQGUHJLRQDOHQYLURQPHQWDOGHWHUPL data “Characteristics of rural areas in 2008” 36 RURAL AREAS QDQWVWKHOHQJWKRIZDWHUSLSHOLQHVDQGVHZHUVGRHV economy and rural populationSURYLGHVIRUILQDQFLQJ QRWPDNHLWSRVVLEOHWRHVWDEOLVKXQDQLPRXVO\WRZKDW RIXSWRRIHOLJLEOHFRVWVRISURMHFWVLQUHVSHFWRI H[WHQWWKHH[LVWLQJLQIUDVWUXFWXUHPHHWVWKHQHHGVRI ZDWHUVXSSO\DQGZDVWHZDWHUPDQDJHPHQWLQSDU UXUDOSRSXODWLRQ7KHLQGH[HV GHJUHHV RIZDWHUSLSH WLFXODUZDWHUVXSSO\DQGZDVWHZDWHUGLVSRVDODQG OLQHVDQGVHZHUVSURYLVLRQLQUXUDODUHDVDUHGHILQLWHO\ WUHDWPHQW LQFOXGLQJ QHWZRUN VHZDJH V\VWHPV RU DEHWWHUZD\WRSUHVHQWWKHFXUUHQWVLWXDWLRQ IDUPVWHDGVHZDJHV\VWHPV 7KHUDWHRIZDWHUVXSSO\V\VWHPSURYLVLRQFDO HVWDEOLVKPHQWRIPXQLFLSDOZDVWHFROOHFWLRQVHJ FXODWHG DV D UDWLR RI ZDWHU SLSHOLQH FRQQHFWLRQV WR UHJDWLRQDQGGLVSRVDOV\VWHP WKHWRWDOQXPEHURIKRXVHKROGVH[SUHVVHGLQZDV SURGXFWLRQRUGLVWULEXWLRQRIUHQHZDEOHHQHUJ\LQ ZKLOHWKHUDWHRIZDWHUVXSSO\V\VWHPSURYL FOXGLQJHQHUJ\IURPWKHZLQGZDWHUJHRWKHUPDO VLRQH[SUHVVHGDVDUDWLRRIKRXVHGUDLQVWRWKHQXP HQHUJ\VXQELRJDVRUELRPDVV EHURIKRXVHKROGVZDVLQWRWDOTab 25. 7KHDERYHGDWDLQGLFDWHWKDWRQO\WZRYRLYRGH 7KHQHHGVWRGHYHORSLQIUDVWUXFWXUHLQUXUDODUHDV VKLSV ãÑG]NLH DQG :LHONRSROVNLH KDYH D UDWH RI DUHODUJH7KHGHYHORSPHQWRI,7LQIUDVWUXFWXUHLVRQH ZDWHU SLSHOLQHV SURYLVLRQ RYHU ZKLOH LQ WZR RIWKHHOHPHQWVUHTXLULQJVXSSRUWTable 26. 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No. 13. agriculture, ,QWKHUHZHUH QHZHQWLWLHVFDUU\LQJ hunting,g forestry g Services and fisheries RXWDFWLYLWLHVLQUXUDODUHDVUHJLVWHUHGLQWKH5(*21 Total UHJLVWHUZKLFKDFFRXQWHGIRURIQHZO\UHJLV ecification inclu- buildin non- p total market WHUHGHQWLWLHVLQWKHFRXQWU\DQGWKLVQXPEHUZDVE\ S ding -market KLJKHUWKDQLQ POLAND 3757093 95608 93613 804181 2558387 298804 7KHJURZLQJVLJQLILFDQFHRIQRQDJULFXOWXUDODF Urban WLYLWLHV LQ UXUDO DUHDV LV DOVR SURYHG E\ WKH IDFW WKDW areas 2828613 29547 28331 549027 2021299 228635 LQWKHUHZHUHWKRXVDQGDJULFXOWXUDOKROG Rural 928480 66061 65282 255154 537088 70169 LQJV FDUU\LQJ RXW QRQDJULFXOWXUDO DFWLYLWLHV ZKLFK areas 100% 7,1% 7,0% 27,5% 57,8% 7,6% ZDV RI DOO KROGLQJV FDUU\LQJ RXW DJULFXOWXUDO Table 28. Structure of entities of national economy registered DFWLYLWLHV$FKDUDFWHULVWLFIHDWXUHRIHFRQRPLFDFWLYL in the REGON register, according to the kind of activities; WLHVFDUULHGRXWLQWKHFRXQWU\VLGHDUHVPDOOVRFDOOHG Source: own calculations on the basis of the data of CSO “Charac- rIDPLO\RZQHGs HQWHUSULVHV DLPLQJ WR PHHW ORFDO teristics of rural areas in 2008” QHHGV$PRQJWKHKROGLQJVLQTXHVWLRQFDUULHG RXWPRUHWKDQRQHNLQGRIQRQDJULFXOWXUDODFWLYLW\ 7KHPRVWSRSXODUNLQGVRIQRQDJULFXOWXUDODFWLYLWLHV DUHSUHVHQWHGLQfig. No. 14. 7KHUHDUHQXPHURXVDFWLRQVXQGHUWKHUXUDOGH YHORSPHQWSROLF\DLPHGDWWKHGHYHORSPHQWRIHQWUH SUHQHXUVKLS DPRQJ RWKHUV LQ WKH DUHD RI TXDOLILFD WLRQV LPSURYHPHQW IDFLOLWDWLQJ DFFHVV WR WKH ODERXU PDUNHW DQG ILQDQFLDO VXSSRUW 8QGHU WKH 5XUDO 'H YHORSPHQW3URJUDPPH 5'3 WKHUHDUHWKUHHPHDVXUHVDLPHGWKHGHYHORSPHQWRI HQWUHSUHQHXUVKLS ,QFUHDVLQJDGGHGYDOXHRIIRUHVWU\ and agricultural production, Diversification of non- agricultural activities and Establishment and devel- RSPHQWRIPLFURHQWHUSULVHV7KHDJJUHJDWHYDOXHRI IXQGV DOORFDWHG IRU WKH VXSSRUW RI HQWUHSUHQHXUVKLS XQGHU5'3LVRYHU(85ELOOLRQ 6LQFH DJULWRXULVP KDV EHHQ G\QDPLFDOO\ GHYHORSLQJLQ3RODQG,WLVDIRUPRIOHLVXUHRUJDQLVHG LQUXUDODUHDVEDVHGRQDFFRPPRGDWLRQDQGDFWLYL WLHVUHODWHGWRDJULFXOWXUDOKROGLQJV,WLVHVWLPDWHGWKDW DJULWRXULVWVHUYLFHVDUHUHQGHUHGLQDSSUR[LPDWHO\ IDFLOLWLHV ZKLFK RIIHU DFFRPPRGDWLRQV SODFHV7KHELJJHVWQXPEHURIDJULWRXULVWORGJLQJVLV 38 RURAL AREAS LQDUHDVRIULFKWRXULVWYDOXHV'XHWRWKHULFKFXOWXUDO 29,33% DQG HQYLURQPHQWDO KHULWDJH 0DäRSROVNLH DQG 3RG 3,20% NDUSDFNLHYRLYRGHVKLSVDUHWKHPRVWSRSXODUWRXULVW GHVWLQDWLRQVDQGLQFOXGHUHVSHFWLYHO\DQG 15,16% 7,47% RIDOODJULWRXULVWDFFRPPRGDWLRQSODFHV:DUPLþVNR 0D]XUVNLHYRLYRGHVKLSuWKH0DVXULDQ/DNH'LVWULFWu 2,59% DQG3RGODVNLHYRLYRGHVKLSZLWKWKH%LDäRZLHĔD)RUHVW 8,64% DUHDOVRSRSXODU 12,32% 7KH ULFK DJULWRXULVP RIIHU LV DYDLODEOH RQ WKH 1,90% ZHEVLWHVRIDJULWRXULVPDVVRFLDWLRQVDQGDJULFXOWXUDO 2,80% 2,86% 6,61% DGYLVRU\FHQWUHV7KLVW\SHRIOHLVXUHLVDOVRSURPRWHG 0,08% RQQXPHURXVORFDODQGUHJLRQDORXWGRRUHYHQWVVXFK 7,03% DV IDLUV RU IHVWLYLWLHV 7KH ELJJHVW HYHQW RI WKLV NLQG Trade and repairs Health protection LV$*5275$9(/,QWHUQDWLRQDO)DLURI5XUDO7RXULVP Hotels and restaurants and social aid DQG$JURWRXULVPKHOGHDFK\HDULQ$SULOLQ.LHOFH Transport, warehouse management Municipality, social and communications and individual services, 5XUDO WRXULVP H[SDQGV LWV RIIHU ZKLFK LV DG other Financial agency services MXVWHGWRWKHQHHGVRIZLGHVFRSHRIFXVWRPHUV,WLV Agriculture, hunting Services for companies and forestry HQKDQFHGE\WKHGHYHORSPHQWRIEUDQGSURGXFWVRI and real-estate-related services Fishing UXUDOWRXULVP VXSSRUWHGE\QXPHURXVLQVWLWXWLRQVDQG Public administration and national Industry YRLYRGHVKLSORFDOJRYHUQPHQWV DQGWKHGHYHORSPHQW defence, obligatory social and health insurance Building industry RIWUDGLWLRQDODQGUHJLRQDOSURGXFWV Education Fig, 13. Structure of entities of national economy reg- istered in the REGON register, according to the field of Polish Classification of Activities 2004; Source: Data of CSO “Characteristics of rural areas in 2008”. 29,33% 29,33% 29,33% 29,33% 29,33% 29,33% 29,33% Services with the use of the service provider’s own equipment Agri-tourism, renting rooms and others Processing of agricultural products Wood processing Handicraft Aquaculture (cultivation of plants and breeding animals in water environment) Other activities (including fur animals breeding) Fig. 14. Agricultural holdings earning revenues from non- agricultural activities. 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LQJVVSHFLDOL]LQJLQIXOO\FRPPHUFLDOFDUSEUHHGLQJ Sea fisheries infrastructure ZKLFKXVHILVKSRQGVZLWKWKHWRWDODUHDRIPRUHWKDQ KDDQGDERXWVSHFLDOL]HGDQGWHFKQRORJLFDO $V RI -DQXDU\ WKH 3ROLVK ILVKLQJ IOHHW O\DGYDQFHGKROGLQJVGHDOLQJZLWKWURXWUHDULQJDQG FRPSULVHVRIYHVVHOVLQFOXGLQJGHHSVHDYHV EUHHGLQJ)LVKSURGXFWLRQLVDOVRFDUULHGRXWE\DERXW VHOV ILVKLQJYHVVHOVDQGILVKLQJERDWV WKRXVDQGDJULFXOWXUDOKROGLQJVIRUZKLFKDTXDFXO 7KHQXPEHURIYHVVHOVDXWKRULVHGWRILVKLVDYDLO WXUHLVDQDGGLWLRQDODJULFXOWXUDODFWLYLW\ DEOHDQGXSGDWHGRQWKHIROORZLQJZHESDJHV www. 7KHPDMRULW\RIILVKEUHHGLQJKROGLQJVGHDOZLWK minrol.gov.plDQGwww.rybactwo.info. UHDULQJDQGEUHHGLQJRIPRUHWKDQRQHVSHFLHVRIILVK 3RODQGKDVSRUWVZKHUHWKH%DOWLFILVKPD\ WRDWGLYHUVLI\WKHLUUHYHQXH$SDUWIURPFDUSRUUDLQ EH ODQGHG LQFOXGLQJ SRUWV RIILFLDOO\ VHOHFWHG IRU ERZWURXWWKHIROORZLQJVSHFLHVDUHEUHG WHQFKVLO 44 FISHERY YHUFDUSELJKHDGFDUSJUDVVFDUSVWXUJHRQFDWILVK Specification 2006 2007 2008 2009 SLNHSHUFKEURZQWURXWEURRNWURXWODNHWURXWVHD Sea catches 125,6 133,4 126,0 211,6 WURXW $WODQWLF VDOPRQ 6RPH KROGLQJV VSHFLDOL]H LQ Baltic 104,9 107,8 94,6 130,9 SURGXFWLRQRIILVKVWRFNLQJDQGVWRFNLQJPDWHULDO Deep-sea 20,7 25,6 31,5 80,7 $SDUWIURPSRQGVRWKHUW\SHVRIZDWHUVPD\DOVR Freshwater catches and EH DQG XVXDOO\ DUH XVHG IRU ILVKHU\ SXUSRVHV 7KH aquaculture 54,1 52,4 53,6 51,7 PDMRULW\RIWKHVHZDWHUVDUHLQFOXGHGLQSXEOLFLQODQG Domestic catches in total 179,7 185,8 179,6 263,3 VXUIDFH UXQQLQJ ZDWHUV DQG GLYLGHG LQWR ILVKLQJ GLV Imports 587,7 642,0 730,7 692,2 WULFWV )LVKLQJ GLVWULFWV DUH HVWDEOLVKHG DW ODNHV ULYHUV DQGGDPPHGUHVHUYRLUV,Q3RODQGWKHUHDUHDERXW Exports 296,8 345,6 387,9 452,3 ILVKLQJGLVWULFWVLQWRWDOXVHGE\DERXWHQWLWLHV Supply of consumption fish on the domestic market 470,6 482,2 522,4 503,2 &HUWDLQVSHFLDOL]HGHQWLWLHVDXWKRULVHGWRILVKXVHWZR RUPRUHILVKLQJGLVWULFWV,QILVKLQJGLVWULFWVPRUHWKDQ Table 29. Fish and seafood balance in Poland (thousand tons VSHFLHVRIILVKDUHSURGXFHGPDLQO\ EUHDPURDFK of live weight of fish); Source – Fish market – IERiGŻ, Dep. 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Results of the foreign trade turnover in case of 2QFHDJDLQIRUHLJQWUDGHLQDJULIRRGSURGXFWV agri-food products (in million EUR); Source: Foreign trade in UHVXOWHGLQDSRVLWLYHWUDGHEDODQFHLQ (85 agri-food products ELOOLRQ 6WDUWLQJIURPWKHDFFHVVLRQRI3RODQGWRWKH (8WKHLPSRUWDQFHRIIRUHLJQWUDGHLQDJULIRRGSURG XFWV LQ 3ROLVK EDODQFH RI WUDGH DQG SD\PHQWV NHSW JURZLQJ7KHVXUSOXVLQIRUHLJQWUDGHLQIRRGUHGXFHV The share of agri- -food products in: 2003 2004 2005 2006 2008 2009 WKHQHJDWLYHWXUQRYHUEDODQFHRIWRWDO3ROLVKIRUHLJQ WUDGH7KHVKDUHRIDJULIRRGH[SRUWVLQWRWDOLQFUHDVHG - total exports 8,4 8,8 10,0 9,8 10,1 11,7 LQ WRDJDLQVWLQWKHSUHYLRXV\HDU - total imports 5,9 6,2 6,8 6,4 7,2 8,6 DQGRIWKHLPSRUWVuIURPWR7UDGHKDV Tabble 30. The share of agri-food products in the total Polish D IDYRXUDEOH LPSDFW RQ WKH HFRQRPLF VLWXDWLRQ LQ foreign trade turnover (in %); Source: Foreign trade in agri-food PDQ\VHFWRUVRIDJULFXOWXUHDQGDJULIRRGLQGXVWU\,W products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ig. 15. 8,8% :KHQFRPSDULQJ ZLWKFRUUHVSRQGLQJSH 0,9% ULRGVRIWKHSUHYLRXV\HDUWKHDJULIRRGH[SRUWVGH 9,6% FUHDVHG E\ LH WR (85 ELOOLRQ $OVR WKH VKDUHRI(8LQ3ROLVKDJULIRRGH[SRUWVGHFUHDVHG UE-27 CIS EFTA Other countries E\ 7KH VKDUH RI ROG 0HPEHU 6WDWHV VOLJKWO\ LQFUHDVHG E\ ZKLOHWKHVKDUHRIQHZ0HPEHU Fig. 16. 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\HDUVFDUULHGRXWDIIRUHVWDWLRQSXUVXDQWWR WKH$FWRI-XQHon designing agricultural land for afforestation ']8RI1RLWHPDV DPHQGHG LQWKHWRWDODUHDRIDERXW KD7KH Year Equivalent amount [PLN] WDEOHEHORZVKRZVWKHDPRXQWRIIXQGVSDLGE\WKH 2008 39 491 919,98 $JHQF\LQWKH\HDUV Table 31. 2009 40 806 609,18 De minimisDLGIRUIDUPHUVZKRVXEPLWWHGDS SOLFDWLRQV IRU FRPSOHPHQWDU\ SD\PHQWV WR KRS FXO 2010* 31 595 103,50 WLYDWLRQDUHDVIRURU RWKHUWKDQWKHFRP Razem 284 292 506,33 SOHPHQWDU\SD\PHQWWRWKHKRSFXOWLYDWLRQDUHDQRW Table 31. Payments of equivalents UHODWHG WR SURGXFWLRQ LV DOVR JUDQWHG IURP WKH QD * by 31 August 2010. WLRQDOIXQGV %\WKHHQGRI$XJXVWWKHDLGZDVJUDQWHGWR IDUPHUVLQWKHWRWDODPRXQWRIRYHU3/1PLOOLRQ PLN 5 Direct payments for agricultural areas 4 4,7352 3RODQGDVWKHPDMRULW\RIQHZ(XURSHDQ8QLRQ 0HPEHU 6WDWHV H[FHSW IRU 6ORYHQLD DQG 0DOWD DS 4,2295 3,9185 SOLHVWKH6LQJOH$UHD3D\PHQW6FKHPH 6$36 3,9185 3,773 'LUHFWSD\PHQWVDUHDQQXDOSD\PHQWVIRUZKLFK 3 WKH(XURSHDQ&RPPLVVLRQHDFK\HDUVHWVRXWILQDQ 3,3967 FLDO FHLOLQJV ZLWKLQ ZKLFK SD\PHQWV PD\ EH PDGH )LQDQFLDOFHLOLQJVDUHVSHFLILHGLQ(85WKXVWKH(85 H[FKDQJH UDWH GHWHUPLQHG E\ WKH (XURSHDQ &HQWUDO 2 %DQN DV RI 6HSWHPEHU RI D JLYHQ \HDU LV RI NH\ LPSRUWDQFHLQGHWHUPLQLQJWKHSD\PHQWUDWHVFig. 18. 7KHtable 32SUHVHQWVWKHUDWHVEURNHQGRZQE\ 1 WKH W\SHV RI SD\PHQW XVLQJ WKH (85 H[FKDQJH UDWH IRUDJLYHQ\HDU %\$XJXVWWKH$JHQF\IRU5HVWUXFWXU 0 LQJDQG0RGHUQLVDWLRQRI$JULFXOWXUHGLVEXUVHG3/1 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 LQ GLUHFW SD\PHQWV IRU WKH \HDUV Table 33, fig. 19. Fig 18. EUR exchange rate in the years 2004 – 2009. 53 payment paymenty payment currency SAPS (JPO) other current historical animal sugar to energy to soft to toma- plants hop hop payments payment crops fruit toes PLN 210,53 292,78 1013,81 x x x x x x 2005 PLN 225,00 282,35 870,02 x x x x x x 2006 PLN 276,28 313,45 962,75 x x 33,94 x x x 2007 PLN 301,54 294,91 452,76 526,01 438,76 37,29 169,78 x x 2008 PLN 339,31 269,32 407,60 591,50 379,55 39,45 152,85 1358,68 133,65 2009 PLN 506,98 356,47 507,54 861,32 502,62 53,47 190,33 1691,80 166,82 Tab 32. Rates of individual payment types in the years 2004-2009 CNDP CNDP CNDP CNDP Payment Paymenty Payment Voivodeships SAP other current historical animal to to soft to energy Sugar plants hop hop payments tomatoes fruit crops payment Dolnośląskie 1616962398 1128019560 163590,02 77144,03 66266471,83 93382,17 1679263,45 3112690,65 205826457,6 Kujawsko- pomorskie 1910710566 1338638859 48425,92 20916,24 95329118,55 13642290 2915375,17 461699,27 346700191,3 Lubelskie 2462455548 1557068451 7677208,47 3458856,94 179675032,1 6931696 44807992,17 1304216,18 290334807,9 Lubuskie 722559543,7 474633583,1 53729,24 24822,23 52447674,7 298399,01 509887,96 550598,02 18047191,44 Łódzkie 1787446458 1138305918 21577,08 3987,16 142706077,8 5469644,3 3516575,36 498100,62 67950471,41 Małopolskie 935579998 508891164,7 525,2 0 119681807,2 0 1451131,53 88864,19 13245488,33 Mazowieckie 3463411798 2045118295 56992,41 17572,04 449738289,2 496451,67 29956532,3 971176,78 162882070,3 Opolskie 928745113,9 695116701,8 421179,92 199485,86 32746856,44 0 53867,83 6492696,27 162697022,4 Podkarpackie 983773989,5 537142153,3 95887,28 42645,76 109672366,4 0 2525128,54 1240250,26 43953753,76 Podlaskie 1877869819 1132006250 0 0 391327687,8 0 1587251,55 148477,5 41404686,87 Pomorskie 1300628802 887770530,6 0 0 97776603,64 0 2135301,72 1428929,41 87685900,54 Śląskie 625334736,8 418809724,5 4816,23 2275,66 46897820,54 34325,7 244343,74 432241,12 17224376,44 Świętokrzyskie 913768147,6 517233023,9 33403,5 14524,62 88030285,69 428053,6 7026346,19 69100,44 64946026,17 Warmińsko- mazurskie 1768079379 1131863117 2734,67 0 278450957,2 0 2695385,57 788120,21 31681753,02 Wielkopolskie 3170061611 2225434524 823139,48 392510,52 193971865,8 23405680 2151069,56 3912164,47 379849352,6 Zachodniopo- morskie 1484750491 1030354393 22094,53 0 75972791,97 0 4253619,39 6058359,69 87816877,16 Total 25952138400 16766406248 9425303,95 4254741,06 2420691707 50799923 107509072 27557685,1 2022246427 Table 33. Amounts of payments made broken down by support schemes and by voivodeships 54 AGRICULTURAL SUPPORT POLICY Rural Development Plan 2004-2006 (RDP) 7KH5XUDO'HYHORSPHQW3ODQIRFXVHG RQVRFLDOHFRQRPLFDQGHQYLURQPHQWDODVSHFWVRIUX łódzkie 6,64% dolnośląskie 6,38% UDOGHYHORSPHQWFRPSOHPHQWLQJWKHPHDVXUHVWDNHQ warmińsko-mazurskie 6,79% zachodniopomorskie 5,68% XQGHUWKHFRKHVLRQSROLF\DQGWKH&RPPRQ$JULFXO podlaskie 7,27% pomorskie 5,02% opolskie 3,86% WXUDO 3ROLF\ DQG LPSOHPHQWLQJ WKH VWUDWHJLF REMHF kujawsko- tives: pomorskie 7,83% podkarpackie 3,54% ,PSURYHPHQW LQ WKH FRPSHWLWLYHQHVV RI WKH DJUL IRRG HFRQRP\ PHDVXUHV (DUO\ UHWLUHPHQW 6XS świętokrzyskie 3,36% lubelskie 9,61% SRUWIRUVHPLVXEVLVWHQFHDJULFXOWXUDOKROGLQJVDQG małopolskie 3,33% 6XSSRUWIRUDJULFXOWXUDOSURGXFHUVqJURXSV lubuskie 2,68% śląskie 2,34% 6XVWDLQDEOHGHYHORSPHQWRIUXUDODUHDV PHDVXUHV wielkopolskie 12,67% &RPSHQVDWRU\ DOORZDQFH IRU OHVVIDYRXUHG DUHDV mazowieckie 12,99% /)$V 6XSSRUW IRU DJULHQYLURQPHQW DQG DQLPDO Fig. 19. Percentage share of payments under direct sup- ZHOIDUH7KHDIIRUHVWDWLRQRIDJULFXOWXUDOODQGDQG port schemes for the years 2004 -2009 by voivodeships 0HHWLQJWKH(8VWDQGDUGVE\DJULFXOWXUDOKROGLQJV $GGLWLRQDOO\XQGHU5'3VRPHIXQGV RYHU RIWKHZKROHEXGJHW KDYHEHHQHDUPDUNHGIRUFRP SOHPHQWV WR GLUHFW SD\PHQWV IRU LPSOHPHQWDWLRQ RI SURMHFWV XQGHU WKH SUHDFFHVVLRQ 6$3$5' SUR JUDPPHDQGIRUWHFKQLFDODVVLVWDQFH N s d f 7KHWRWDO5'3EXGJHWDPRXQWHGWR(85 f d of e tt PLOOLRQ LQFOXGLQJ(85PLOOLRQIURPWKHRIWKH er on PL Specification b mi ication l m (XURSHDQ$JULFXOWXUDO*XLGDQFHDQG*XDUDQWHH)XQG illi ecisions u ub d ranting ai ranting s Amount o N Number o y g *XDUDQWHH 6HFWLRQ DQG KDV EHHQ XVHG LQ app n m i Table 34. made payments py Early retirement 58 341 54 014 2 083,7 Support for semi-subsistence 172 728 157 656 1 316,6 SOP „Restructuring and agricultural holdings Modernisation of the Food Sector Compensatory allowance for 2 052 698 2 007 334 3 708,3 and Rural Development, 2004–2006” less-favoured areas (LFAs) Support for agri-environment 75 500 70 600 814,9 7KH 6HFWRUDO 2SHUDWLRQDO 3URJUDPPH r5HVWUXF Afforestation of agricultural land 10 513 9 006 384,5 WXULQJ DQG 0RGHUQL]DWLRQ RI WKH )RRG 6HFWRU DQG Meeting the EU standards by 72 591 71 385 2 415,2 5XUDO 'HYHORSPHQW us ZDV D GRFXPHQW agricultural holdings VSHFLI\LQJWKHVFRSHDQGIRUPRIVXSSRUWIRUWKHUXUDO Support for agricultural 103 100 24,2 DUHDVLQ3RODQGGXULQJWKHSURJUDPPLQJSHULRGEH producers’ groups WZHHQDQGDQGLPSOHPHQWLQJWKHREMHF Technical assistance 110 96 108,3 WLYHVRI(8FRKHVLRQSROLF\7KH3URJUDPPHZDVRQH Complements to direct 4 249 786 4 208 344 2 866,9 RIWKHHOHPHQWVLQWKHLPSOHPHQWDWLRQRIVRFLDODQG payments HFRQRPLF GHYHORSPHQW VWUDWHJLHV VSHFLILHG LQ WKH Projects under Regulation 1 829 1218 467,7 1DWLRQDO'HYHORSPHQW3ODQu 1'3 No. 1268/1999 7KH 6HFWRUDO 2SHUDWLRQDO 3URJUDPPH r5HVWUXF Total 6 694 199 6 579 753 14 190,3 WXULQJ DQG 0RGHUQL]DWLRQ RI WKH )RRG 6HFWRU DQG Table 34. Implementation of the Rural Development Plan; 5XUDO'HYHORSPHQWusZDVILQDQFHGIURP Source: Agency for Restructuring and Modernisation of Agricul- WKH (XURSHDQ 8QLRQ IXQGV XQGHU WKH (XURSHDQ $J ture ULFXOWXUDO *XLGDQFH DQG *XDUDQWHH )XQG *XLGDQFH 6HFWLRQ ($**) LQFRPELQDWLRQZLWKQDWLRQDOSXEOLF IXQGV VWDWHEXGJHWVHOIJRYHUQPHQWIXQGV DQGEHQ HILFLDULHVqRZQIXQGV ,Qu3ROLVKYLOODJHVUHFHLYHGVXSSRUWXQ GHUWKLV3URJUDPPHLQWKHDPRXQWRI(85 55 AGRICULTURAL SUPPORT POLICY Submitted Concluded Paymentsy (85 IURPWKH(XURSHDQ8QLRQIXQGV s in applications agreements made d DQG(85 IURPWKHQDWLRQDOSXEOLFIXQGV n 006 u N N N t n n n i i i r r f n PLN $SSOLFDWLRQVXQGHUWKLV3URJUDPPHZHUHVXEPLW e e 4-2 o Specification o imi b b t l 00 % WHG GXULQJ WKH SHULRG EHWZHHQ -XQH DQG -XQH d ion PL ion PL ion PL milli r 2 ll ll ll Limi num num o DSDUWIURPWHFKQLFDODVVLVWDQFHDQGPHDVXUHV use f amount amount amount mi mi mi LPSOHPHQWHG E\ WKH YRLYRGHVKLSV DGPLQLVWUDWLRQ Investments in agri- cultural holdings 2183,3 42582 4573,4 24230 2490,9 2418,5 110,77 6LQFHWKH3URJUDPPHZDVODXQFKHGWKHUHKDYHEHHQ DSSOLFDWLRQV VXEPLWWHG IRU FRILQDQFLQJ LQ Setting-up of young 709,9 18858 942,9 14151 707,6 707,6 99,67 farmers WKH DPRXQW RI 3/1 ELOOLRQ ZKLFK FRUUHVSRQGV Trainings 75,2 660 309,6 182 78,2 73,5 97,77 WRRIWKHILQDQFLDOOLPLWIRUWKH\HDUV Agricultural advisory DJUHHPHQWVIRUWKHDPRXQWRIDSSUR[L and extension servi- 164,5 56 214,7 33 167,8 161,8 98,30 ce support PDWHO\3/1ELOOLRQKDYHEHHQVLJQHGZKLFKDF Improving proces- FRXQWVIRU RIWKHOLPLWTable 35. sing and marketing 6LQFHWKH3URJUDPPHZDVODXQFKHGWKHPDMRULW\ of agricultural pro- 1962,3 1646 2928,4 1114 1801,6 1702,3 86,75 ducts RI IXQGV KDYH EHHQ DOORFDWHG IRU VXSSRUW IRU LQYHVW Restoring forestry PHQWV LQ DJULFXOWXUDO KROGLQJV DQG IRU LPSURYHPHQW production potential 51,7 57 82,3 39 52,1 51,6 99,80 RISURFHVVLQJDQGPDUNHWLQJRIDJULFXOWXUDOSURGXFWV Land reparcelling1) 67,2 46 129,3 32 64,5 62,8 93,49 0RUHWKDQRIWDVNVLPSOHPHQWHGXQGHUVXSSRUW Rural renewal and IRULQYHVWPHQWVLQDJULFXOWXUDOKROGLQJVFRQFHUQHGWKH preservation and protection of cultu- 327,2 3425 687,0 2036 404,6 395,9 121,00 SXUFKDVHRIHTXLSPHQWDQGPRYDEOHHTXLSPHQW:LWK ral heritage1) UHJDUGWRr,PSURYLQJSURFHVVLQJDQGPDUNHWLQJRIDJUL Diversification of FXOWXUDOSURGXFWVsWKHUHKDYHEHHQLPSURYHPHQWVDQG agricultural activities and activities 315,2 7170 524,8 4106 296,8 282,0 89,48 FRQWUROV LQWURGXFHG RI VDQLWDU\ FRQGLWLRQV DV close to agricultural ZHOODVLPSURYHPHQWVDQGFRQWUROVRITXDOLW\ activities DQGRIDSSOLFDWLRQRIQHZWHFKQRORJLHV Agricultural water resources manage- 371,2 308 606,5 255 375,6 373,0 100,49 ment1) Rural Development Programme Development and 2007-2013 (RDP) improvement of the technical infra- 161,1 4953 261,0 3394 153,8 146,7 91,04 structure related to agriculture LEADER+ 4 type measure 114,3 435 151,8 316 118,6 115,5 101,04 Support for the programme 7KH5XUDO'HYHORSPHQW3URJUDPPHu management and 54,2 220 79,5 180 50,6 44,8 82,65 implementation 5'3u LVDGRFXPHQWVSHFLI\LQJWKHVFRSH system DQGIRUPRIVXSSRUWIRUUXUDODUHDVLQ3RODQGGXULQJ Institutional deve- WKHQH[WSURJUDPPLQJSHULRGLHEHWZHHQDQG lopment 34,2 143 131,5 133 55,3 50,7 148,24 $ ODUJH SDUW RI PHDVXUHV SURYLGHG IRU LQ WKH Programme informa- tion and publicity 8,8 151 22,2 118 9,4 5,6 63,63 3URJUDPPHLVDFRQWLQXDWLRQRIWKHLQVWUXPHQWVLP TOTAL 6600,32) 80710 11644,9 50319 6827,4 6592,3 99,87 SOHPHQWHG LQ WKH \HDUV u XQGHU WKH 5XUDO 'HYHORSPHQW 3URJUDPPH u ZKLFK LP 1) Individual amounts presented under measures: Land reparcel- ling, Rural renewal and the preservation and protection of cultural SOHPHQWHG LQ 3RODQG WKH VRFDOOHG DFFRPSDQ\LQJ heritage and Agricultural water resources management apply to the PHDVXUHVWRWKH&RPPRQ$JULFXOWXUDO3ROLF\DQGWKH Community funds only. These amounts do not take into considera- 6HFWRUDO2SHUDWLRQDO3URJUDPPHr5HVWUXFWXULQJDQG tion the national co-financing funds, therefore the use of funds limit 0RGHUQLVDWLRQRIWKH)RRG6HFWRUDQG5XUDO'HYHORS has been presented as a percentage of the use of the EU allocation PHQWusLPSOHPHQWLQJWKHREMHFWLYHVRI(8 part for the above mentioned measures. FRKHVLRQSROLF\ 2) the financial limits applicable from 16 June 2009 to 30 June 2009 have been converted according to the exchange rate amounting to 5'3uZDVDGRSWHGRQ-XO\ 4,4910 (the ECB exchange rate from the European Commission’s pe- GXULQJWKHPHHWLQJRIWKH&RPPLWWHHIRU5XUDO'HYHO nultimate working day of the month preceding the month for which RSPHQWRIWKH(XURSHDQ&RPPLVVLRQDQGRQ6HS the limit of Community funds allocation is calculated). WHPEHULWZDVDSSURYHGIRULPSOHPHQWDWLRQE\ WKHGHFLVLRQ1R&&,3/532RIWKH&RP Table 35. Implementation of SOP „Restructuring and Moderni- PLVVLRQRIWKH(XURSHDQ&RPPXQLWLHV sation of the Food Sector and Rural Development, 2004–2006”; 7KH5XUDO'HYHORSPHQW3URJUDPPHu Source: Implementing authorities LVILQDQFHGERWKIURPWKH(8EXGJHW (XURSHDQ$JUL 56 AGRICULTURAL SUPPORT POLICY FXOWXUH )XQG IRU 5XUDO 'HYHORSPHQW u ($)5' DQG / - d ts d of N IURPQDWLRQDOSXEOLFIXQGV7KHWRWDODPRXQWRIVXE e er ecisions b lud ments VLG\IURPSXEOLFIXQGVXQGHUWKH3URJUDPPHDPRXQWV Specification d mitte ications m l y nc b d reemen ion PL a umber of l co Nu P WRDSSUR[(85ELOOLRQ$OORFDWLRQRIIXQGVIURP pp su ag N a made in mil WKH(8EXGJHWDPRXQWVWRPRUHWKDQ(85ELOOLRQ issue DQGWKHVKDUHRIQDWLRQDOSXEOLFIXQGVZLOODPRXQWWR Vocational training for persons em- 220 - - DSSUR[(85ELOOLRQ,QIDFWWKHIXQGVWREHGLVWULE ployed in agriculture and forestry XWHGDPRXQWWRDSSUR[(85ELOOLRQVLQFHQHDUO\ Setting up of young farmers 7704 6005 279,0 ELOOLRQDUHWKHREOLJDWLRQVIURPuWDNHQXQ Early retirement 17065 13674 3206,3 GHUWKH5XUDO'HYHORSPHQW3URJUDPPHu Advisory services for farmers and 8217 7455 0,5 $SSOLFDWLRQV KDYH EHHQ FROOHFWHG IRU PHDV forest owners XUHVIURPDOOWKHD[HVDVZHOODVXQGHUWKHr7HFKQLFDO Modernisation of agricultural holdings 43235 32890 2463,0 $VVLVWDQFHsTable 36, chart 20. Increasing the added value to basic 1625 779 331,9 $FFRUGLQJ WR GDWD RI -XO\ VLQFH WKH agricultural and forestry production EHJLQQLQJ RI WKH 3URJUDPPH LPSOHPHQWDWLRQ WKHUH Improvement and development of infrastructure related to the develop- 284 221 4,6 KDYHEHHQSD\PHQWVGLVEXUVHGIRUWKHDPRXQWRIDS ment and adjustment of agriculture SUR[LPDWHO\3/1ELOOLRQLQFOXGLQJ3/1 and forestry1) ELOOLRQ IURP WKH IXQGV RI WKH (XURSHDQ $JULFXOWXUDO Participation of farmers in food quality 12986 10144 0,05 )XQG IRU 5XUDO 'HYHORSPHQW ($)5' ZKLFK FRQ schemes VWLWXWHV RI WKH DOORFDWLRQ IURP WKH ($)5' Information and publicity 6 2 - IXQGVHDUPDUNHGIRULPSOHPHQWDWLRQRI5'3 Support for semi-subsistence agri- 0RVWSD\PHQWVPDGHFDPHXQGHUWKHPHDVXUH cultural holdings - obligations from - - 1904,3 2004-2006 eSupport of management in mountain areas and in less favoured areas (LFAs)s DERXWRIDOOSD\ Agricultural producer groups 400 389 106,3 PHQWVPDGH eEarly retirements DERXWRIDOO Support of management in mountain areas and in less favoured areas (LFAs) 2999610 2223601 4060,0 SD\PHQWV PDGH eAgri-environmental programmes (campaign of 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010) DERXWRIDOOSD\PHQWVPDGH DQGeModerni- Agri-environmental programme 365181 247583 2488,2 sation of agricultural holdingss DERXWRIDOO Afforestation of agricultural and non- SD\PHQWVPDGH -agricultural land 8355 5807 258,9 Restoring forestry production poten- Modifications of RDP 2007-2013 tial damaged by natural disasters and 169 42 - 7KH0LQLVWU\RI$JULFXOWXUHDQG5XUDO'HYHORS introducing appropriate prevention instruments PHQW WRRN PHDVXUHV WR LQWURGXFH DPHQGPHQWV WR Diversification into non-agricultural WKH 5XUDO 'HYHORSPHQW 3URJUDPPH IRU activities 7888 4292 177,9 7KHVHDPHQGPHQWVUHVXOWIURPDQHHGWRDGDSW5'3 Establishment and development of WR WKH QHZO\ LQWURGXFHG &RPPXQLW\ micro-enterprises 15011 1858 33,1 SURYLVLRQV FRQFHUQLQJ WKH VRFDOOHG QHZ FKDOOHQJHV Basic services for the economy and DQGWRFRXQWHUDFWWKHHFRQRPLFFULVLV$SDUWRIWKH rural population 2298 1779 24,5 SURSRVHGDPHQGPHQWVDUHSODQQHGWREHLQWURGXFHG Village renewal and development 4245 2668 142,3 LQ FRQQHFWLRQ ZLWK WKH DQDO\VLV RI WKH SURJUDPPH Implementing the local development 9891 616 0,07 LPSOHPHQWDWLRQLQWKHILUVWWZR\HDUVRIRSHUDWLRQRI strategies 5'3IRU Implementing the cooperation projects 20 3 0,01 $PHQGPHQWVWRWKHVRFDOOHGeQHZFKDOOHQJHVs Running of the Local Action Group 682 664 47,8 1,QFRQQHFWLRQZLWKWKHLPSOHPHQWDWLRQRIWKHVR Technical assistance 435 209 14,4 FDOOHG(XURSHDQ(FRQRP\5HFRYHU\3ODQ ((53 TOTAL 3505527 2560681 15543,1 WKHEXGJHWRIWKH(XURSHDQ$JULFXOWXUDO)XQGIRU Table 36. Administering the applications submitted under 5XUDO 'HYHORSPHQW KDV EHHQ LQFUHDVHG E\ (85 RDP 2007-2013; Source: Agency for Restructuring and Moderni- ELOOLRQ$GGLWLRQDOUHVRXUFHVJUDQWHGWR3R sation of Agriculture (status as of 16.07.2010) ODQGIRUWKHPHDVXUHVZLWKUHJDUGWRUXUDOGHYHORS PHQW (85 ZLOOEHGHVLJQHGIRUWKH VRFDOOHG eQHZ FKDOOHQJHVs LPSOHPHQWHG E\ WKH UHOHYDQWSURMHFWVXQGHUWKHIROORZLQJPHDVXUHV Modernisation of agricultural holdingsvSURMHFWV UHJDUGLQJUHVWUXFWXULQJRIGDLU\KROGLQJV PLONSUR 57 AGRICULTURAL SUPPORT POLICY GXFWLRQ GHYHORSPHQW RU UHRULHQWDWLRQ GXH WR WKH GLVFRQWLQXDWLRQRIPLONSURGXFWLRQ 7KLVFDWHJRU\ VKRXOG LQFOXGH SURMHFWV LPSOHPHQWHG E\ HQWLWLHV KDYLQJQRZWKHPLONTXRWDLQYHVWLQJLQLPSURYH PHQWRIWKHKROGLQJqVHFRQRPLFUHVXOWVE\ZD\RI GHYHORSPHQWPRGHUQLVDWLRQRIPLONSURGXFWLRQRU 16,01% RWKHUGLUHFWLRQRISURGXFWLRQ 1,67% 1,14% ,PSURYHPHQW DQG GHYHORSPHQW RI LQIUDVWUXFWXUH 1,79% related to the development and adjustment of agri- 26,12% culture and forestry through the agricultural man- agement of water resourcesuSURMHFWVIRUZDWHUUH WHQWLRQLQSDUWLFXODUVRLOUHWHQWLRQDQGSUHYHQWLQJ 20,63% GHZDWHULQJDVZHOODVUHQDWXUDOLVDWLRQRISHDWERJV DQGZDWHUFRXUVHVVRDVWRUHFUHDWHWKHLUUHWHQWLRQ FDSDFLW\ Basic services for the economy and rural popula- 0,68% tionuSURMHFWVRQWKHXVHRIUHQHZDEOHHQHUJ\DQG 15,85% SURMHFWVRQWKHFRQVWUXFWLRQRIWKHEURDGEDQG,Q WHUQHWLQIUDVWUXFWXUHLQUXUDODUHDVTable 37. 12,25% 27KH OHYHO RI FRILQDQFLQJ LQYHVWPHQWV UHJDUGLQJ Setting-up of young farmers eQHZFKDOOHQJHVsIRUSURMHFWVRQWKHFRPPRQRS Early retirement HUDWLRQDOXVHRIPDFKLQHVLQWKHGDLU\VHFWRUKDV Modernisation of agricultural holdings EHHQUDLVHGE\ Support for semi-subsistence agricultural holdings 3$SRVVLELOLW\WRSD\DGYDQFHVWRWKHEHQHILFLDULHV Agricultural producer groups RI WKH IROORZLQJ PHDVXUHV Modernisation of ag- LFAs Agri-environmental programme ULFXOWXUDOKROGLQJV,QFUHDVLQJWKHDGGHGYDOXHWR Afforestation of agricultural basic agricultural and forestry production, Diversi- and non-agricultural land fication into non-agricultural activities, Establish- ment and development of micro-enterprises KDV Fig. 20. Payments from public funds disbursed to the ben- EHHQLQWURGXFHG eficiaries of measures implemented under RDP 2007-2013 – as of 16 July 2010; Source: Prepared at the Rural Develop- ment Department of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Amendments resulting from experiences in Development on the basis of the ARMA’s monthly reports the implementation of the Rural Development Pro- gramme for 2007-2013 1 Early retirement uWKHFULWHULRQRQWUDQVIHUULQJWKH KROGLQJKDVEHHQDJJUDYDWHG WUDQVIHUULQJODQGIRUHQODUJHPHQWRIDQRWKHUKROG LQJZKLFKDVDUHVXOWZLOOEHQRVPDOOHUWKDQDQ Additional DYHUDJHVL]HGKROGLQJLQWKHFRXQWU\ZKHUHE\WKH Measure contribution Budget from the contribution KROGLQJDIWHUWUDQVIHUULQJPXVWEHODUJHUWKDQWKH EAFRD WUDQVIHUUHGKROGLQJE\DWOHDVWLQFDVHZKHQ Modernisation of agricultural holdings 101 334 000,00 11 259 333,00 WKH KROGLQJ ZLWK WKH DUHD RI PRUH WKDQ KD LV WUDQVIHUUHG Improvement and development WUDQVIHU RI WKH KROGLQJ WR WKH VXFFHVVRU VKDOO EH of infrastructure related to the 33 778 000,00 3 753 111,00 development and adjustment of DOORZHG RQO\ ZKHUH WKLV VXFFHVVRU LV WKH EHQHIL agriculture and forestry FLDU\RIWKHPHDVXUHSetting-up of young farmers Basic services for the economy ZKHUHE\WKHFRQGLWLRQFRQFHUQLQJWKHVL]HRIWKH and rural population 33 778 000,00 3 753 111,00 KROGLQJ PD\ EH PHW ZLWKLQ WKUHH \HDUV IURP WKH TOTAL 168 890 000,00 18 765 555,00 GDWHRILWVDFTXLVLWLRQ Table 37. 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