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Poland National Report (WP 2 - Deliverable 2.2)

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Poland National Report (WP 2 - Deliverable 2.2) Poland National report (WP 2 - Deliverable 2.2) Apple production in Malopolska voivodeship (left), and super-expensive wheat cropping(right) in Opolskie voivodeship. Authors: Krzysztof Gorlach, Piotr Nowak, Anna Jastrzębiec-Witowska, Adam Dąbrowski Jagiellonian University April 2018 H2020-SFS-2014-2 SUFISA This project has received funds from the EU’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under Grant Agreement No 635577. Responsibility for the information and views set out in this report lies entirely with the authors. Poland: draft national report SUFISA Contents Contents .................................................................................................................................. 1 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY: APPLES ................................................................................... 5 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY: WHEAT ................................................................................. 17 1. Introduction ...................................................................................................................... 28 1.1 Agriculture in Poland ................................................................................................. 28 2. Media Content Analysis ................................................................................................... 33 2.1 Regulatory and policy conditions .............................................................................. 33 2.2 General conditions ..................................................................................................... 35 2.2.1 Demand conditions .................................................................................................. 35 2.2.2 Finance and risk management conditions ............................................................... 37 2.2.3 Socio-institutional conditions .................................................................................. 38 2.2.4 Socio-demographic conditions ................................................................................ 38 2.2.5 Technological conditions ........................................................................................ 39 2.2.6 Ecological conditions .............................................................................................. 40 2.3 Frames/discourse analysis ......................................................................................... 41 3. Case Study I: Wheat (Opolskie Region) .......................................................................... 50 3.1 Cereal production in Poland ...................................................................................... 50 3.2 Case study introduction ............................................................................................. 50 3.3 Political conditions and regulations ........................................................................... 53 3.3.1 Institutions ............................................................................................................... 53 3.3.2 Food security ........................................................................................................... 66 3.3.3 Direct subsidies and subsidies for purchases of agricultural machines and equipment ......................................................................................................................... 68 3.3.4 Import of grains from the Ukraine .......................................................................... 71 3.4 Market conditions and determinants .......................................................................... 72 3.4.1 Food chains ............................................................................................................. 72 3.4.2 Simple model ........................................................................................................... 72 3.4.3 Complex model ....................................................................................................... 73 3.4.4 Insurances, loans and credits ................................................................................... 75 3.4.5 Technologies ........................................................................................................... 77 3.4.6 Farmers membership organizations and social capital ............................................ 81 Summary .............................................................................................................................. 83 SWOT Analysis ................................................................................................................ 83 2 Poland: draft national report SUFISA Key issues identified in the literature, media, and interviews (wheat)............................. 85 4. Case Study II: APPLE (Malopolska Region) ................................................................... 86 4.1 Fruit market in Poland .................................................................................................... 86 4.2 Case study introduction .................................................................................................. 87 4.3 Political determinants and regulations ........................................................................... 89 4.3.1 Law on land trade .................................................................................................... 91 4.3.2 Popularization and advertising of apples in Poland ................................................ 91 4.3.3 Law on commercial companies ............................................................................... 92 4.3.4 Institutional environment ........................................................................................ 93 4.3.5 Ban on imports of some fruit and vegetables to Russia - embargo ......................... 95 4.4 Market conditions and determinants .............................................................................. 97 4.4.1 Insurances, credits and loans ................................................................................... 99 4.4.2 Technologies ......................................................................................................... 100 4.4.3 Fertilizers, plant production means and plant protection products ....................... 101 4.4.4 Labour market ....................................................................................................... 102 Summary ............................................................................................................................ 102 SWOT Analysis .............................................................................................................. 102 Key issues identified in the literature, media, and interviews (apples) .......................... 104 5. Cases conclusions ........................................................................................................... 105 FGI and Workshop ................................................................................................................. 109 6. Primary producers perspective ....................................................................................... 109 6.1 Apples ...................................................................................................................... 109 6.1.1 Report – apples, FGI 1, Małopolska ................................................................ 109 6.1.2 Report – apples, FGI 2, Małopolska ............................................................... 111 6.2 Wheat ....................................................................................................................... 119 6.2.1 Report on wheat, Opolskie region .................................................................... 119 6.2.2 Report – wheat FGI (young), Opolskie Region ............................................... 120 7. Primary producer perspective – summary ...................................................................... 125 7.1 Producer strategies in sectors .................................................................................. 125 7.1.1 Apples ............................................................................................................... 125 7.1.2 Wheat ............................................................................................................... 126 7.2 Adaptation strategies to policy and regulation ........................................................ 129 7.2.1 Apples ............................................................................................................... 129 3 Poland: draft national report SUFISA 7.2.2 Wheat ............................................................................................................... 131 7.3 Adaptation strategies to markets .............................................................................. 132 7.3.1 Apples ............................................................................................................... 132 7.3.2 Wheat ............................................................................................................... 136 7.4 Adaptation strategies to socio-economic issues ...................................................... 139 7.4.1 Apples ............................................................................................................... 139 7.4.2 Wheat ............................................................................................................... 140 7.5 Sustainability
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