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Agriculture and Food Economy in Poland

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Agriculture and Food Economy in Poland AGRICULTURE AND FOOD ECONOMY IN POLAND MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE AND RURAL DEVELOPMENT WARSAW 2011 MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE AND RURAL DEVELOPMENT AGRICULTURE AND FOOD ECONOMY IN POLAND Collective work edited by: Teresa Jabłońska - Urbaniak WARSAW, 2011 TABLE OF CONTENTS Foreword by the Minister of Agriculture and Rural Development 5 GENERAL INFORMATION ABOUT POLAND 7 AGRICULTURE 12 Land resources and its utilisation structure 12 Agricultural production and economy in 2010 16 Agriculture in particular regions 17 Supplying the agricultural sector with means of production 19 Value of agricultural production and price relations 22 Agricultural production and selected foodstuffs markets 23 ɴ§kNTkKwUhk\oo<U3 27 ɴô|3kTkKw 27 ɴ»k|<wU3wNTkKw 29 ɴ±ÿo|hh\kw\Ukw<UhNUwhk\|wTkKwo 32 ɴôhk\|w<\UTkKw 32 ɴÚwTkKw 34 ɴí\|NwkU33TkKw 37 ɴÚ<NKTkKw 40 ɴÂ\UTkKw 44 ɴ»<o9TkKw 45 Consumption of foodstuffs 47 PROMOTIONAL ACTIVITIES AND QUALITY SUPPORT POLICY 50 Discover Great Food programme 51 Regional and traditional products 53 Integrated agricultural production 55 Protection of plant genetic resources in agriculture 57 BIOFUELS 60 RURAL AREAS 65 Rural population 65 Labour force participation and human capital in rural areas 67 Rural infrastructure 68 Development of entrepreneurship and agri-tourism in rural areas 70 SUPPORT FOR AGRICULTURE AND FISHERIES 75 Direct payments 75 Support for rural areas 76 TABLE OF CONTENTS ɴð|kN­N\hTUwíNU(\kʜʚʚʞɪʜʚʚʠ ʡʠ ɴôáíɭðowk|w|k<U3UÚ\kU<ow<\U\(w9»\\ôw\k 77 ɴð|kN­N\hTUwík\3kTTʜʚʚʡɭʜʚʛʝ 78 Fisheries 81 DISCUSSING THE SHAPE OF CAP BEYOND 2013 87 50 YEARS OF COMMON AGRICULTURAL POLICY 90 AGRICULTURAL INSTITUTIONS 94 3U(\kðowk|w|k<U3UÚ\kU<ow<\U\(3k<|Nw|k 94 3k<|Nw|kNÚkKw3U ʣʠ 3k<|Nw|kNík\hkw3U 105 3k<|Nw|kNô\<NÅUo|kU»|U 108 ôww3k<|Nw|kN<o\kok<o 110 3k<|Nw|kNo9\\No 111 ðok9UN\hTUw|U<wo 112 ADDRESSES OF INSTITUTIONS RELATED TO AGRICULTURE 116 Dear readers! ú<T<ok|UU<U3(owɓÅ\|NN<Kw\hkoUww\\|U- \w9k<w<\U\(ə3k<|Nw|kU(\\\U\T<Uí\NUɓ ÅN<w9ww9<oh|N<w<\U<oNkNNɪKU\U UUhwɓ ±9 k hkoUw oUw9w< <U(\kTw<\U \U 9U3owK<U3hN<Uw9í\N<o93k<|Nw|kɐ(<o9k<oɐ hk\oo<U3Uk|kNkoɓ ú93k<|Nw|kN§Uo|ookk<\|wNowkɓú9 \ThNwUNo<o\(<woko|Nwo<NN\|TUww99U3- ow9w9\|kk<Uw9í\N<o93k<|Nw|k\kw9 Now<39wkoɐo<Uw9Uo|o<Uʜʚʚʜɐ<ɓɓw\ko (\kí\NUɚooo<\Uw\w9±|k\hUÿU<\Uɓ íkN<T<UkwNkkNo<3U<(<Uw9U3oɓ ú9 U|Tk \( 3k<|Nw|kN 9\N<U3o N<U \k ʝʚʚ ʚʚʚɐ <w9 w9 Nk3ow ko k\k T\U3 (kTo<w9UkN\ʟ9ɓú9<oo\ThU< U<Uko<Uw9U|Tk\(9\N<U3o<w9Uk <U3 ʟʚ 9ɓ ú9 \ 9U3o h\<Uw w\ U <U- ko<U3 oh<N<w<\U \( 3k<|Nw|kN hk\|w<\U U h\o<w<wkUo(\kTw<\Uo<Uw93kk<Uowk|w|kɓú9<o No\\U(<kTow9w\hww9hhk\hk<wo\N|w<\UokNww\w9<ThNTUww<\U\( w9ð|kN­N\hTUwík\3kTTɓú\To|ko|Ukw9ík\3kTTɐUTNɐɛ±kN kw<kTUwɜUɛôww<U3|h\(\|U3(kTkoɜNkww99U3\(3Ukw<\Uo<U k|kNkoɐoNNow99U3o<Uw9U|TkUk\(3k<|Nw|kN9\N<U3oɓô|9 wkUo(\kTw<\UokU(<<N(k\Tw9h\<Uw\(<\(3k<|Nw|kNhk\|w<<wɐo<U w9ko|Nw<Uw9k|w<\U\(w9\owo\(hk\|w<\UUU<Uko<UTkKw<N<w\( 3k<|Nw|kNhk\|w<\Uɓú9k(\kɐw9\|wN\\K(\k(|kw9kN\hTUw\(<UwkUw<\UN wk<U3k<ɪ(\\hk\|wo<o\hw<T<ow<ɓú9NU\(w9<owk<oow<NNh\o<w<(\kí\NU Uo±ÿðʜɓʠ<NN<\Uɐ<w9oNo\(\k±ÿðʛʞ<NN<\Uɓú9kkU\o|hhNo9\kw- 3o\Uw9\Tow<TkKwɐ9<9<oow<NN\T<Uwí\N<o9hk\|woɓ ôUko\(TTko9<h<Uw9±|k\hUÿU<\U9hk\wk|w9N<Tw9w í\NU\|NU\w(N\\<w9(\\(k\Tw9ċow(wkw9oo<\Uɓú9\hh\o<w<o wK<U3hNɓí\N<o9(\\hk\|wokUH\<U3U<Uko<U3h\h|Nk<wU\w\UN<Uw9±ÿɐ |wNo\\Uɓ »|kw9kN\hTUwhUo\U<oU\Uo<owUwk(\kT\(w9§\TT\U3k<- |Nw|kNí\N<9<9\|NTKw9h\N<\U|<w\3k\w9ɐow<T|Nw<U3<UU\w<\U UNw\TKw9±|k\hU3k<|Nw|k\Thw<w<\Uw93N\NTkKwɓ ÅhNN<U\ThN<o9w9w\Hw<ɐhk\<w9w<NNU\ww9<UK\UN <UwkTo\(UwNw<\UU<NNU\w(\|o\UN\U\|k\U\|Uwk<oɓÅ(TU3w\k<o \w9\oN<T<ww<\Uoɐw9k(\kT<NN\UU\|whk\(\|UUkNɐU<NN hk\<w9Uw3Ukw<\U\(w9±ÿ(kTko<w9U\hh\kw|U<w(\k(|kw9kN\h- TUwU((<<Uw\Thw<U3\Uw93N\NTkKwɓ Marek Sawicki AGRICULTURE AND FOOD ECONOMY IN POLAND | 5 ʠ | AGRICULTURE AND FOOD ECONOMY IN POLAND GENERAL INFORMATION ABOUT POLAND General information about Poland í\NU <o \|Uwk o<w|w <U §UwkN ±|k\hɐ <w9 w9 wkk<w\k \( ʝʛʜɐʡʚʚKT2ɷʠw9<Uw9±ÿɪʜʡUʠʢw9<Uw9\kNɸUw9h\h|Nw<\U\( ʝʢɓʜT<NN<\Uɷʠw9<Uw9±ÿUʝʞw9<Uw9\kNɸɓ »k\TʛÚʜʚʚʞɐí\NU9oUÚTkôww\(w9±|k\hU ÿU<\UɓÅUwkTo\(w\wNh\h|Nw<\Uɐí\NUkUKoʠw9T\U3w9ʜʡÚTk ôwwoɐU<UwkTo\(w93k<|Nw|kNh\h|Nw<\U<w\|h<ow9ʛsth\o<- w<\Uɓok3kow9U|Tk\(3k<|Nw|kN9\N<U3oɐí\NUkUKoʜndɷ(wk ð\TU<ɸɓ ú9 U|Tk \( hko\Uo ThN\ <U 3k<|Nw|kɐ 9|Uw<U3ɐ (\k- owk U (<o9k<o <o ʜɓʟ w<To 9<39k w9U w9hkUw3o9k\(h\hNThN\<U w9oow\ko<Uw9±ÿɪʜʡɷʛʞɓʟʫUʟɓʠʫɐ °C kohw<Nɸɓí\NU\koʡɓʜʫ\(w9w\wN 30 o|k(k\(w9±ÿU\kkoʡ\|U- wk<oɭʞ±ÿÚTkôwwoɷ¼kTUɐ§9 20 ðh|N<ɐôN\K<UÔ<w9|U<ɸUʝU\Uɪ ±ÿowwoɷð|oo<ɐ¦Nk|oUÿKk<Uɸɓ 10 ú9 \|Uwk <o 9kwk<o Nk3 k<w\(Uw|kNUU<k\UTUwN\U<- - w<\Uoɓôh<Nhk\ww<\U<ohk\<w\Uw<\U I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI XII średnia - roczna NhkKo<w9w9o|k(k\(ʝʛʞɓʟw9\| –2005 –2006 –2007 –2008 –2009 oU 9ɐ ʛɓʞʠʝ Uw|k koko <w9 w9 o|k(k\(\kʛʠʞw9\|oU9ɐNU- Fig. 1. Average monthly air temperatures in Poland (in °C); Source: Central Statistical Office (CSO) ohhkKo<w9w9o|k(k\(UkN – Agriculture, Warsaw 2009 - ʜɓʠʚʡw9\|oU9Uʝʠɓʝw9\|oUT\U| mm TUwo\(Uw|kɓ»\kowNU\Uow<w|wo\k 150 ʝʚʫ\(w9\|Uwkɚow\wNNUo|k(kɓ ÚUU<TNoh<okhk\wwɐw9T\ow <Th\kwUw<U3<o\Uoɐ9T\<oɐkoɐ- 100 koɐNUoU\Noɓ Ú\k w9U ʡʟʫ \( í\NUɚo wkk<w\k <o o<w|wN\kw9UʜʚʚTN\oNNɐ 50 U\UNNoow9Uʝɓʛʫɭ9<39kw9UʟʚʚT \oNNɓ ú9N<Tw\(í\NU<o9kwk<o I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI XII - \Uo<kNk<w<\Uo<Uw9NU3w9\(o –2005 (585 mm) –2006 (579 mm) –2007 (717 mm) o\Uoɓċ<w9<Uw9Noww9kkoɐw9k3 –2008 (609 mm) –2009 (692 mm) <k wThkw|k k< wU ʢɓʠɽ§ U ʣɓʞɽ§ɐ9kohk<h<ww<\UkU3wU Fig. 2. Average monthly total precipitation in the years 2005-2009 (in millimetres). Source: Central Statistical ʠʚʣTTUʡʛʡTTɓFig. 1. Office (CSO) – Agriculture, Warsaw 2009 AGRICULTURE AND FOOD ECONOMY IN POLAND | 7 GENERAL INFORMATION ABOUT POLAND ík<h<ww<\U<ow9T<Uo\|k \( wk ko\|koɓ Åw <o 9k- wk<o \Uo<kN UU|Nɐ T\Uw9NUk3<\UNk<w<\Uoɓo ko|Nwɐw9kkk\|39wkoU oN<39wN (N\\ koɐ <w9 (N\\o \|kk<U3\o<\UNNɓFig. 2. ÅUʜʚʛʚɐowʝʛ­TkɐwT- hkw|k U hk<h<ww<\U To- |kTUwo k kk< \|w ʜʠʢ oww<\UoUh\owoɐ9<Nhk<h<w- w<\UTo|kTUwoN\Ukk- k<\|wʣʣʚh\owoɓú9o\N|w T<T|T wThkw|k <U ʜʚʛʚ oU\w<UÐ|Nw9N<Twow- w<\U<U¼k<Kɒ<woʝʢɓʜɽ§ɐUw9 N\ow wThkw|k o k\k 2478 – Number of municipalities w9¦<R\<N<Twoww<\Uɒ 16 – Number of voivodships <woɭʝʛɓʞɽ§ɓú99<39owThN<- Fig. 3. 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