Spark English Teachers Manual.Pdf

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Spark English Teachers Manual.Pdf Contents 1. Spark English-Teachers Manual Book I 2 2. Spark English-Teachers Manual Book II 10 3. Spark English-Teachers Manual Book III 19 4. Spark English-Teachers Manual Book IV 31 5. Spark English-Teachers Manual Book V 45 6. Spark English-Teachers Manual Book VI 59 7. Spark English-Teachers Manual Book VII 73 8. Spark English-Teachers Manual Book VIII 87 Revised Edition, 2017 Shubharambha Publication Pvt. Ltd. Kathmandu Nepal Spark English Reader - Book I Teachers Manual Spark English –Teachers Manual UNIT-1 2. Take help of the poem. 3. Take help of the poem. Fun with Reading 4. Take help of the poem. Story Time: The Quarrel 5. The correct words are: 1. Unscramble the letters. spaghetti, baguette, swallowed, steady, nervous a. settle b. kernel c. settling 6. Answer the following. d. teacher e. belongs 1. Yeti is a large hairy creature. 2. Match the words. 2. Betty met the yeti in the mountains of Tibet. Quarrel-fight 3. Betty cooked spaghetti for the yeti. Woods-jungle 4. Betti baked a baguette for the yeti. Shell- hard outer covering of a nut 5. Yeti said, "Mmmm. The best one yet." Settle- solve 6. The answers may vary. Apt- just, suitable Fun with Grammar Kernel- the soft fruit inside the nut he, we, he, she, she 3. Correct the following sentences. Fun with Creative writing a. Prem and Jeevan were going home after the The man runs. school. The boy washes dish. b. They found a large nut under a tree. The bird flies. c. The teacher divided the nut into two equal parts. The little cat sleeps. d. The boys got none of the nut. Mac is a dog. 4. The correct order is: a, g, f, b, c, e, d UNIT-2 5. Who said the following expressions? a. Prem b. Jeevan Fun with Reading c. Ms Kamala d. Ms Kamala Story Time : The Fox and the Little Red Hen 6. Answer the following questions. 1. Who said the following. a. Prem and Jeevan were good friends. a. Mamma Fox b. Papa Fox b. They were coming from school. c. Papa Fox d. Mamma Fox c. They found a nut on the way. e. Baby Foxes f. Papa Fox d. Prem saw it first. 2. Choose the correct words. e. Ms Kamala was their teacher. a. little b. foxes f. The problem between the boys was who did the c. woods d. in nut belong to. e. front g. Their teacher solved the problem by dividing it 3. Match the following words with their meaning. into two equal parts. Grab- to hold suddenly 7. Possible sentences. Pantry- a small room where food is kept Large: We saw a large elephant in Chitwan. Peep out- look out Under: The cat slept under the sofa. Quick as a flash- very quickly- Run: We must not run in the street. Snuck up- to move in quietly Pick: She picked up an apple. Woods- land covered with trees Agree: I agree with your opinion. 4. Answer the following questions. Poem Time: Betty Met a Yeti a. The Little Red Hen live in a little white house. 1. Match the following. b. The Papa Fox smelled fresh cake and a little red Mountains- plains Best- worst hen. End- beginning Never- always c. The Little Red Hen was eating a cake. ||2|| Spark English Reader - Book I Teachers Manual d. The Papa Fox kept the Little Red Hen into the Places ---------- - Nepal, Pokhara, India, China bag. Birds ----------- - dove, pigeon, peacock, eagle e. The Little Red Hen found scissors. People ---------- - Jane, Jim, Raju, Hari, Sita f. The Little Red Hen put a big stone in the Papa 4. Look at the pictures and unscramble the letters to Fox's bag. match their names. h. The foxes' family never again tried to catch the Eagle little red hen because they were badly burnt by Snake the boiling water. Umbrella 5. Take help of the story. drum 6. Make sentences. Fun with Creative writing Want: I want a beautiful cat. Answers may vary Find: I found a pencil under the bench. Fun time Run: Suman can run very fast. a. principal b. puppy Smell: I like the smell of the rose. c. pencil d. present Held: The teacher is holding a duster in her hand. e. piggybank f. pilot Take: Please, take my book. Stop: Stop making noise. UNIT-3 Keep: I always keep my room tidy. Spill: She spilt a glass of milk in the kitchen. Fun with Reading Clap: Clap your hands. Story time : The Hen that Laid Golden Eggs Poem Time 1. Write T for true and F for false statements. 1. Choose the correct word. a. F b. T c. F d. T e. F a. visit b. go 2. Match the words. c. came d. That's Greedy- mean Happy- glad 2. a. 1st , b. 3rd c. 2nd d. 5th or last e. 4th Rich- wealthy Bitterly- sadly 3. Take help of the poem. Rushed- ran towards 4. Take help of the poem. 5. Choose the correct words from the list. 3. Find these lines in the story and check the a. bike b. boat answers. c. sled d. whoa 4. Make sentences. e. grandparents Greedy: We should not be greedy. 6. Answer the following questions. Golden: I like golden colour. a. The boy wants to visit his grandparents. Rich: Ram wants to be rich. b. No, the boy cannot take a boat to see his Sharp: The whale has sharp teeth. grandpa. 5. Correct the spelling. c. The boy cannot take a sled to see his grandma greedy, looked, rushed, surprised, special, single, because there is no snow. bitterly, stomach d. Yes, the boy loves his grandparents. 6. Choose the correct verb. e. Yes, the boy met his grandparents because they a. lived b. became came to see him. c. decided d. would Fun with Grammar e. died 2. Underline the nouns in the following sentences 7. Answer the following questions. and write them in the blank spaces. i. There were four members in the farmer's family. a) I want to visit dentist. ii. One of the hens was laying a golden egg. b) I can ride a bicycle. iii. They kept the hen in the special house. c) The cat is sleeping. iv. They killed the hen to be wealthy taking out d) He goes to school. the golden eggs form the hen's stomach. e) She is a teacher. v. No, they did not get any eggs after killing the 3. Match the following nouns according to their groups. hen. A B Poem Time Vegetables -- - Tomato, Chilli, Peas, Brinjal Magic Pencil Animals ------- - cat, dog, snake, tiger, bear A. Take the help of the poem to check the answer. ||3|| Spark English Reader - Book I Teachers Manual B. Find the lines in the poem and check the 7. Answer the following questions. sentences. a. Mother duck sat on the eggs to keep her C. Find the lines in the poem and check the eggs warm. sentences. b. The ugly duckling came out of the last egg. D. Answer the following. c. No, the other ducks did not like him. a. The speaker in the poem likes a shiny yellow d. The hen asked the ugly duckling if he could pencil. lay egg. b. Yes. e. When the ugly duckling put his head to the c. The speaker likes to draw animals, things and water he saw himself a white swan. people with his magic pencil. Poem Time: I Wish It Would Rain d. They are spaceship, house, bear and ducks. 1. Find these lines and in the poem and e. His yellow shiny pencil is magical fairy wand. complete them. E. Make sentences. 2. The rhyming words are: Answers may vary. Some possible answers: sky- dry lane- rain Like: I like reading books. tea- see shining- blowing Rub: I use eraser to rub. 3. Find these lines and in the poem and arrange Draw: I can draw a ship. them accordingly. Want: My brother wants to play with me. 4. Find these lines and in the poem and choose Use: He uses my sharpener. the correct word. Fairy: The fairy came and blessed her. 5. Answer the following questions. a. What does the speaker wish? Fun with Grammar The speaker wishes it would rain. he, he, she, he, he, she, it, we b. Is there cloud in the sky? Fun with creative writing No, there is not cloud in the sky. Help the students do the exercise using the c. How is the weather? information about them. The weather is dry. Fun Time d. What does the speaker have? lamp, bird, fridge, water The speaker has an umbrella. UNIT - 4 e. Why does the speaker wish it would rain? The speaker wishes it would rain to use his umbrella. Fun with reading Fun with Grammar Story Time: The Ugly Duckling Now complete the following sentences by using 1. Fill in the blanks with the correct words from the these/those. list. Use these to show the things that are near and a. under b. sat on those that are far from the speaker. c. came out d. into Fun with creative writing e. down to Help the students do the exercise using the 2. Make sentences. information they provide. Ugly: I saw two ugly ducklings. Big: She lives in a big house. Fun Time Walk: Don't walk fast. Tick the best answer. Swim: Fish swim in water. 1. That apple 2. This apple 4.
Recommended publications
  • Chapter 2 Language Use in Nepal
    CHAPTER 2 LANGUAGE USE IN NEPAL Yogendra P. Yadava* Abstract This chapter aims to analyse the use of languages as mother tongues and second lan- guages in Nepal on the basis of data from the 2011 census, using tables, maps, and figures and providing explanations for certain facts following sociolinguistic insights. The findings of this chapter are presented in five sections. Section 1 shows the impor- tance of language enumeration in censuses and also Nepal’s linguistic diversity due to historical and typological reasons. Section 2 shows that the number of mother tongues have increased considerably from 92 (Census 2001) to 123 in the census of 2011 due to democratic movements and ensuing linguistic awareness among Nepalese people since 1990. These mother tongues (except Kusunda) belong to four language families: Indo- European, Sino-Tibetan, Austro-Asiatic and Dravidian, while Kusunda is a language isolate. They have been categorised into two main groups: major and minor. The major group consists of 19 mother tongues spoken by almost 96 % of the total population, while the minor group is made up of the remaining 104 plus languages spoken by about 4% of Nepal’s total population. Nepali, highly concentrated in the Hills, but unevenly distributed in other parts of the country, accounts for the largest number of speakers (44.64%). Several cross-border, foreign and recently migrated languages have also been reported in Nepal. Section 3 briefly deals with the factors (such as sex, rural/ urban areas, ethnicity, age, literacy etc.) that interact with language. Section 4 shows that according to the census of 2011, the majority of Nepal’s population (59%) speak only one language while the remaining 41% speak at least a second language.
    [Show full text]
  • LCSH Section K
    K., Rupert (Fictitious character) Motion of K stars in line of sight Ka-đai language USE Rupert (Fictitious character : Laporte) Radial velocity of K stars USE Kadai languages K-4 PRR 1361 (Steam locomotive) — Orbits Ka’do Herdé language USE 1361 K4 (Steam locomotive) UF Galactic orbits of K stars USE Herdé language K-9 (Fictitious character) (Not Subd Geog) K stars—Galactic orbits Ka’do Pévé language UF K-Nine (Fictitious character) BT Orbits USE Pévé language K9 (Fictitious character) — Radial velocity Ka Dwo (Asian people) K 37 (Military aircraft) USE K stars—Motion in line of sight USE Kadu (Asian people) USE Junkers K 37 (Military aircraft) — Spectra Ka-Ga-Nga script (May Subd Geog) K 98 k (Rifle) K Street (Sacramento, Calif.) UF Script, Ka-Ga-Nga USE Mauser K98k rifle This heading is not valid for use as a geographic BT Inscriptions, Malayan K.A.L. Flight 007 Incident, 1983 subdivision. Ka-houk (Wash.) USE Korean Air Lines Incident, 1983 BT Streets—California USE Ozette Lake (Wash.) K.A. Lind Honorary Award K-T boundary Ka Iwi National Scenic Shoreline (Hawaii) USE Moderna museets vänners skulpturpris USE Cretaceous-Paleogene boundary UF Ka Iwi Scenic Shoreline Park (Hawaii) K.A. Linds hederspris K-T Extinction Ka Iwi Shoreline (Hawaii) USE Moderna museets vänners skulpturpris USE Cretaceous-Paleogene Extinction BT National parks and reserves—Hawaii K-ABC (Intelligence test) K-T Mass Extinction Ka Iwi Scenic Shoreline Park (Hawaii) USE Kaufman Assessment Battery for Children USE Cretaceous-Paleogene Extinction USE Ka Iwi National Scenic Shoreline (Hawaii) K-B Bridge (Palau) K-TEA (Achievement test) Ka Iwi Shoreline (Hawaii) USE Koro-Babeldaod Bridge (Palau) USE Kaufman Test of Educational Achievement USE Ka Iwi National Scenic Shoreline (Hawaii) K-BIT (Intelligence test) K-theory Ka-ju-ken-bo USE Kaufman Brief Intelligence Test [QA612.33] USE Kajukenbo K.
    [Show full text]
  • List of Languages Spoken in Nepal
    List of Languages spoken in Nepal. 20,188,000 (1995). 2,423,840 speakers of Tibeto-Burman languages (1991 J. Matisoff). Kingdom of Nepal, Sri Nepala Sarkar. Literacy rate 20% to 29%. Information mainly from W. Winter 1991, SIL 1977, Hale 1982, Dor Bahadur Bista 1972. Data accuracy estimate: A2, B. Hindu, Buddhist, Muslim, Christian. Blind population 100,000. Deaf institutions: 3. The number of languages listed for Nepal is 125. Of those, 124 are living languages and 1 is extinct. ATHPARIYA (ATHAPRE, ATHPARE) [APH] 2,000 (1995 Karen Ebert); 232,264 all Rai languages (1971 census). North of the Tamur, between the Dhankutakhola in the west and the Tangkhuwa in the east; Dhankuta and Bhirgaon panchayats. Sino-Tibetan, Tibeto-Burman, Bodic, Eastern Himalayan, Kiranti, Eastern, Southwestern. Different from the Arthare dialect of Dungmali, and from Belhariya, which is also called Athpariya (W. Winter 1991). Used by all, including children and educated speakers. Low bilingualism in Nepali. Reported to be closest to Limbu, but not inherently intelligible with it. The term 'Kiranti' covers about 21 dialects, of which fewer than half are even partially intelligible. Rai and Kiranti are partially overlapping terms and subject to many interpretations (Austin Hale SIL 1977, personal communication). Survey needed. AWADHI (ABADI, ABOHI, AMBODHI, AVADHI, BAISWARI, KOJALI, KOSALI) [AWD] 540,000 in Nepal (1993 Johnstone); 20,000,000 in India (1951 census); 20,540,000 in all countries. Lumbini Zone, Kapilbastu District, Majhkhanda, Khajahani. Indo-European, Indo-Iranian, Indo-Aryan, East Central zone. Dialects: GANGAPARI, MIRZAPURI, PARDESI, THARU, UTTARI. 50% to 75% literate. Bible portions 1820-1911.
    [Show full text]
  • A Sociolinguistic Study of Dotyali
    A Sociolinguistic Study of Dotyali Written by: Stephanie R. Eichentopf Research conducted by: Stephanie R. Eichentopf Sara A. Boon Kimberly D. Benedict Linguistic Survey of Nepal (LinSuN) Central Department of Linguistics Tribhuvan University, Nepal and SIL International 2014 Table of Contents 1 Introduction ..................................................................................................................... 8 1.1 Geography ................................................................................................................ 9 1.2 History of the people ............................................................................................... 9 1.3 Language ................................................................................................................ 11 1.4 Other nearby languages ......................................................................................... 12 1.5 Previous research and resources ............................................................................ 14 2 Purpose and Goals .......................................................................................................... 17 3 Methodology .................................................................................................................. 19 3.1 Instruments ............................................................................................................ 19 3.2 Site selection .........................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Student's Blog
    Souvenir 2020 Reflections Poems A Mouse Mother A mother who always cares I live in a house A mother who is always there And there is a mouse A mother who always prays He eats a lot of food A mother who always stays He has a neighbourhood He often sneezes When things get rough He likes to eat cheese When life gets tough He is clever that I have note When all is too much to bear He has made a hole in my coat. God's word she shares He is smart he always thinks God's light she shines Yesterday, he spilled the ink So blessed that god has made mother. He has a big head He doesn’t let me sleep in the bed Name: ShreeapBikramThapa I live in a house and Class: 4 'C' And there is a mouse. Third in Sub-Junior Poetry Composition Comp. Name: Prajwol Khadka Class : 4 'B' First in Sub-Junior Poetry Composition Comp. Why only Woman? My Little Brother There is someone in my family Who cries and laughs He is no other than, Why only women have to give birth? my own little brother. By feeling the life's most memorable hurt. When he sees me, Why only women have to be housewife? he shouts and laughs By caring about their family's life. with a joy and pleasure And forces me to play. Why only women are forced to work? He always utters the words six and four, And the rights for them are blocked. It seems to me that, Why only women are not employed? He is best cricketer of the world.
    [Show full text]
  • Comparative Constructions in Suansu and the Languages of Northeastern India
    Linguistic Typology at the Crossroads 1-1 (2021): 94-123 Comparative constructions in Suansu and the languages of northeastern India JESSICA K. IVANI1 1UNIVERSITY OF ZÜRICH Submitted: 16/11/2020 Revised version: 05/05/2021 Accepted: 10/05/2021 Published: 31/08/2021 Abstract This paper provides a first description of comparative constructions in Suansu, an unreported Tibeto-Burman language spoken in northeastern India, and frames the characteristics of Suansu comparative constructions from a typological perspective (following Stassen’s 1985 classification). To this purpose, comparative constructions from a sample of 28 Tibeto- Burman languages of the area are collected in an ad-hoc designed database and typologically discussed. Results reveal the presence of two main types that cluster geographically in the region, as well as high internal variation with respect to the subtypes. Based on the classification, Suansu is assigned to the Exceed comparative type, the only representative of this type in the sample. Keywords: Suansu; Tibeto-Burman; typology; comparative constructions; language documentation. 1. Introduction Comparison can be defined as a “mental act where two elements occupy a symmetric or asymmetric position on a specific property predicative scale” (Treis 2018: I): this mental act is linguistically encoded by comparison constructions. Several types of comparison structures have been distinguished in the literature. Based on the subdivision proposed by Fuchs (2014) and implemented in Treis (2018), this study focusses on comparison of inequality, and specifically on comparison of relative superiority. The default template for constructions of relative superiority (hence, 94 Ivani Comparative constructions in Suansu comparative constructions) is exemplified by structures such as X is bigger than Y or X is more intelligent than Y.
    [Show full text]
  • Linguistic Survey of Nepal
    1 LINGUISTIC SURVEY OF NEPAL (LinSuN) ___________________ A Proposal Prepared on behalf of National Planning Commission Government of Nepal ___________________ Drafting Team LinSuN Central Department of Linguistics Tribhuvan University June 27, 2008 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY (1 PAGER) ..................................................................................................... 3 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY (4 PAGER) ..................................................................................................... 3 1 BACKGROUND AND RATIONALE ................................................................................................. 8 2 CULTURAL AND LINGUISTIC DIVERSITY IN NEPAL ............................................................. 9 2.1 VARIOUS ESTIMATES ...................................................................................................................... 10 2.2 GENETIC AFFILIATION .................................................................................................................... 11 2.3 WRITING SYSTEMS ......................................................................................................................... 11 2.4 LANGUAGE AND ETHNICITY ........................................................................................................... 13 2.5 SECOND LANGUAGES AND LINGUA FRANCAS ................................................................................. 14 2.6 EXISTING LEGAL PROVISIONS ........................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Reproductions Supplied by EDRS Are the Best That Can Be Made from the Original Document
    DOCUMENT RESUME ED 467 733 FL 027 421 AUTHOR Cahill, Michael, Ed. TITLE Notes on Linguistics, 2001. INSTITUTION SIL International, Dallas, TX. ISSN ISSN-0736-0673 PUB DATE 2001-00-00 NOTE 265p.; Published quarterly. AVAILABLE FROM International Academic Bookstore, 7500 West Camp WisdomRoad, Dallas, TX 75236 ($3 per issue; $20.95 per year; $23.95per year outside U.S.). Tel: 972-708-7404; e-mail: [email protected]. PUB TYPE Collected Works Serials (022) JOURNAL CIT Notes on Linguistics; v4 n1-4 2001 EDRS PRICE EDRS Price MFO1 /PC11 Plus Postage. DESCRIPTORS American Indians; Archives; Athapascan Languages; Bantu Languages; Bilingualism; *Contrastive Linguistics; Dictionaries; Foreign Countries; German; Grammar; Language Processing; Lexicography; Mandarin Chinese; Mexicans; Morphology (Languages); Phonology; Second Language Instruction; Semantics; Syntax; Turkish; *Uncommonly Taught Languages; World Wide Web IDENTIFIERS Amazonian Languages; Balkan Languages; Bilingual Dictionaries; Central African Republic; Endangered Languages; Papua New Guinea; Southeast Asians ABSTRACT These four volumes of the journal present articles, review articles, abstracts, dissertation abstracts, and reports. Articles include the following: "The Linguist's Role in Archiving Linguistic Data Sources" (Joan Spanne); "The SIL Language and Culture Archive: An Interview with Joan Spanne" (Eugene Loos); "The Value of Comparative Linguistics" (Joseph E. Grimes); "Historical Linguistics in Southeast Asian Language Programs" (Paulette Hopple); "Comparative-Historical MesoAmerican Reconstruction and SIL Personnel: Accomplishments and Problems" (Robert E. Longacre); "The Impact of Bilingual Dictionaries in Mexican Indian Languages" (Doris Bartholomew); "Lexicography and Mass Production" (Ronald Moe); "Lexicography in the Field: Methods and Results of the MUNA Dictionary Project" (Rene van den Berg); and "Global Language Viability: Causes, Symptoms and Cures for Endangered Languages" (Barbara F.
    [Show full text]
  • Status of Kirati Languages in the Context of Nepalese
    STATUS OF KIRATI LANGUAGES IN THE CONTEXT OF NEPALESE LANGUAGES Govinda Bahadur Tumbahang ABSTRACT This article highlights the linguistic scenario of multilingual Nepal, and measures the vitality levels of overall languages in general and Kirati languages in particular on the basis of Expanded Graded Intergenerational Disruption Scale (EGIDS) used by Lewis and Simons (2010) derived from Fishman's Graded Intergenerational Disruption Scale (GIDS 1991). The first part presents the linguistic situation of Nepal, the second part demonstrates the vitality levels of Nepalese languages in general, the third part indicates the status of Kirati languages and the last part provides some suggestions. Key Words: Linguistic, multilingual, intergenerational, disruption, vitality, moribund, extinct. LINGUISTIC SITUATION OF NEPAL CBS (2014) enumerated 123 languages. They have been classified into Indo-European, Sino-Tibetan, Austro-Asiatic and Dravidian families of languages. In addition, Kusunda is classified as "language isolate" which can form a separate family. On the basis of the number of languages, Sino- Tibetan family is the largest, Indo-European family is the second largest, Austro-Asiatic family is third largest and Dravidian is the smallest of the families. Sino-Tibetan family comprises 63 languages. They are listed in appendix 1. Indo-European family has 37 languages. They are listed in appendix 2. Austro-Asiatic family consists of Khariya and Santhali, and Dravidian family consists of Uranw/Urau language. Kusunda is the only language, which does not belong to any of these families. In terms of number of speakers, Indo-European family is the largest, Sino-Tibetan family is the second largest, Austro-Asiatic family is the third largest, Dravidian family is the fourth largest and Kusunda is the smallest of all families of languages.
    [Show full text]
  • Difficulties in Learning Mathematics ...1 Background of the Study Nepal
    Difficulties in Learning Mathematics ...1 Chapter I Introduction Background of the Study Nepal is a multi-racial, multi-lingual and multi-religions country. Here are different types of people having different races and language living together in the thread of unity. They have their own culture, language, customs and rituals and art. According to populationcensus (2011) there are 125 castes and 123 languages in Nepal. Raute is one of the most primitive tribe that has been living in the Jungle as a nomadic tribe even in the modern scientific and technocratic age. They have their own existence, identity and lifestyle. Raute in one of the marginalized and extinct tribe living permanently in the hilly Jungle of province no. six and seven. There is not written history about Raute, up to new. It is said that their origin or habitat is at Deuthala of Darchula district. They are the ancestors of Pal Thakuri of Darchula district. The eldest brother was the grandfather of Raute and youngest brother has the grandfather of Pal. After the death of their father the youngest brother handed two- pitcher wealth to the elder brother and he kept three pitcher of wealth with himself. At this the elder brother became angry with the younger brother and went to the Jungle. It is said that he threw his property in to Bhamalya river. After that people called him Raute or Raut. They introduce themselves as Rajwar now. They don't wear holy- thread althoughcall themselves as Thakuri such as Pal, Raskoti, Kalel etc. Shahi(2000). The nomadic Raute live in the hut made of green branches and leaves.
    [Show full text]
  • Nepal Studies Association Bulletin, No. 11 Nepal Studies Association
    Yale University EliScholar – A Digital Platform for Scholarly Publishing at Yale Nepal Studies Association Newsletter Yale Himalaya Initiative Fall 1976 Nepal Studies Association Bulletin, No. 11 Nepal Studies Association Donald A. Messerschmidt Washington State University Follow this and additional works at: http://elischolar.library.yale.edu/ yale_himalaya_initiative_nepal_studies Part of the Asian Studies Commons, Forest Management Commons, Geography Commons, Social and Cultural Anthropology Commons, and the South and Southeast Asian Languages and Societies Commons Recommended Citation Nepal Studies Association and Messerschmidt, Donald A., "Nepal Studies Association Bulletin, No. 11" (1976). Nepal Studies Association Newsletter. 11. http://elischolar.library.yale.edu/yale_himalaya_initiative_nepal_studies/11 This Newsletter is brought to you for free and open access by the Yale Himalaya Initiative at EliScholar – A Digital Platform for Scholarly Publishing at Yale. It has been accepted for inclusion in Nepal Studies Association Newsletter by an authorized administrator of EliScholar – A Digital Platform for Scholarly Publishing at Yale. For more information, please contact [email protected]. NEPAL STUDIES ASSOCIATION BULLETIN FALL 1976 THREE TIMES ANNUALLY NUMBER 11 TABLE OF CONTENTS: p.2 Information for the Members / Election Results Membership & Dues p.3 Trekking and Research Visas - Important Changes p.4 Humanities Seminar in Nepal p . 5 Welcome Address by Prof.U.M.Malla, Dean, Institute of Humanities p.10 Review Article by Ruth Schmidt on Eric Eckholm's Losing Ground "This is a frightening book. It deserves to be taken seriously..." p.15 Book Review of F.H. Gaige, Regionalism and National Unity in Nepal (Reviewed by Don Brenneis) p.16 Book Review of Mahesh C.
    [Show full text]
  • Minority Language Politics in Nepal and the Himalayas
    Minority Language Politics in Nepal and the Himalayas Mark Turin Digital Himalaya Project University of Cambridge & Cornell University <www.digitalhimalaya.com> <[email protected]> Position Paper for SCALLA 2004 Working Conference: Crossing the Digital Divide: Shaping Technologies to Meet Human Needs Kathmandu, Nepal, 5 -7 January, 2004 Abstract While Nepal is constitutionally recognised as a ‘multilingual’ nation, scholars, citizens and the government still disagree about the number of languages spoken within its borders. Some argue that this lack of accord is an indication of a profound institutional ignorance concerning the ethnolinguistic tapestry of the country, and go on to criticise the government for the perceived dearth of linguistic planning. This is only part of the picture, however, and I suggest that dissenting positions regarding the status of languages are natural and even positive signs in multilingual nation states such as Nepal. In fact, the fragmented nature of scholarship on Nepal’s linguistic communities provides a fertile ground for scholars, ethnic activists and the national government to meet, discuss and formulate a progressive course of action for the coming years. In short, languages are always in flux and linguistic identities are anything but rigid. Linguistic policy, therefore, should remain equally flexible. While many of Nepal’s minority languages are endangered, with diminishing fluency and compromised linguistic ability among younger speakers, the speech forms are still dynamic organisms. The Thangmi language, for example, spoken by an ethnic group of the same name, has recently evolved words for ‘aeroplane’, ‘video camera’ and ‘Maoist’, while at the same time losing indigenous names for plants and places.
    [Show full text]