Iwo Jima… … Les Opérations « Jamboree » Et « Detachment »

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Iwo Jima… … Les Opérations « Jamboree » Et « Detachment » Merci d’adresser vos courriers à la rédaction : Frédéric STAHL, Marijolet, 12 560 ST LAURENT D’OLT et vos mails à [email protected] Un problème technique sur le texte de la deuxième partie de l’article sur le canon indochinois, nous a obligés à modifi er le contenu du présent numéro. La suite sera donc publiée dans le N°85 de juillet. Au sujet de sous-marins Cette erreur est reprise par plusieurs sites dont « le champ de manœuvre des Fusiliers allemands (I) Wikipédia. Marins ». En fait, les installations sur La rédaction cette rive du Scorff sont du pont Gueydon Bonjour. Dans le H.S. numéro 20 de Navires & vers le large : parc des huiles, centre de Histoire (les sous-marins de la Kriegsmarine), ballons captifs (carte de 1940), centre vous indiquez page 19 : Au sujet de sous-marins d’aviation maritime et ensuite des - U.548 coulé le 19 avril 1945 par USS allemands (II) poudrières. Effectivement l’ancienne BUCKLEY et USS REUBEN JAMES... Je lis avec grand intérêt le Tome III des école était un peu plus à l’intérieur des Page 20 : sous-marins de la Kriegsmarine. Encore terres, la nouvelle aussi. - USS REUBEN JAMES coulé le 31 octobre bravo et merci. Si vous le permettez, J’ai un souci concernant les silhouettes 1941 par U.552. j’aimerais vous faire partager quelques de certains sous-marins. A moins que je Je pense qu’une erreur s’est glissée dans le remarques sans importance… ne me trompe, je trouve…. Voir le tableau texte. J’ai fait quelques recherches ; d’après Page 6, il me semble que le terme employé ci-après … le petit livre « German Submarines » de pour les systèmes de détection aéroporté H.T.LENTON, il est indiqué : U.548 coulé (MAD) est « détecteur d’anomalies par USN BOSTWICK, COFFMAN, THOMAS magnétiques ». C’est le mot utilisé dans Page N° Type Forme et NATCHEZ le 30 avril 1945 à l’est du cap la Marine. Mais on s’en fout. Juste qu’à 95 848 IX D-2 Pont large l’occasion d’un prochain article…. Hatteras. 100 858 IX C/40 Pont effi lé Je n’ignore pas que d’un livre à l’autre, les Page 25, une question sur l’U.566 : la fi n 106 873 IX D-2 Pont effi lé faits et les dates ne correspondent pas toujours de ce U-boot m’intrigue un peu. Sabordé et que les certitudes sont très diffi ciles. Mais et 49 tués. Un suicide collectif ? J’ai du 108 875 IX D-2 Pont effi lé rendons à César... mal à m’imaginer le scénario. Je serais 109 883 IX D/42 Pont effi lé Cordialement et sans critiques... heureux que vous puissiez me donner 110 889 IX C/40 Pont large M. Jean Pichon quelques explications. Il semble y avoir une petite erreur de mise Je remarque que sur les trois type IX D-2, Merci pour votre sympathique message. Non, en page pour les photos page 61 et 47. la forme du pont avant n’est pas la même. il n’y a pas d’erreur, l’U.548 a bien été coulé Pas grave. Que deux U-boote de type IX C/40, l’un le 19 avril 1945 par les USS Buckley et USS Page 78 U.754 , même si ce sous-marin le pont effi lé, un autre le pont large. Tout Reuben James. En effet l’USS Reuben James est bien affecté à la 1.Flottille de Brest, cela sous réserve d’une erreur de ma coulé le 31 octobre 1941 est le destroyer DD- la photo est prise à Lorient. On reconnait part. Je ne maîtrise pas tout. Pourriez- 245 de classe « Clemson » alors que celui qui la rive gauche du Scorff en aval du pont vous me donner une petite explication… a coulé l’U.548 est le DE-153 de la classe Gueydon, en face de la caserne du SVP. Voilà. Bravo pour ce travail. On « Buckley ». Ce n’est pas l’U.548 qui a été Péristyle qui, avant guerre, était le « 3e attend la suite. coulé par les USS Bostwick, USS Coffman, dépôt des équipages ». Il est commun M. François Pelissier USS Thomas et USS Natchez mais l’U.879. de défi nir la zone visible comme étant Le destroyer d’escadre DD-245 USS Reuben James qui sera coulé le 31 octobre 1941.(USNA) 4 Navires et Histoire à travers les brèves Frédéric Stahl Les brèves du 6 mars au 7 mai 2014 « Voïna i Mir » « Damas détient la clef de la maison Russie » (Catherine II) Notre analyse n’était donc pas si mauvaise. Avant, il y avait le temps de guerre et le temps de paix, mais c’était avant. Il y a déjà pas mal de temps que la guerre n’est plus le temps séparant un premier acte initial d’agression d’un armistice et que la paix n’est plus le temps borné entre un traité et une intention à la guerre. Avec la GWOT, tous les repères ont sauté et aujourd’hui il n’y a plus qu’un temps, celui que nous pouvons nommer la « guerre-et-paix » (Voïna i Mir en russe) dans laquelle les activités « pacifi ques » sont totalement entremêlées avec les actes de guerre. En 2011, sans réellement le vouloir, les pays occidentaux engagés en Libye ont bien joué la première pièce d’une immense partie d’échecs multidimensionnelle. Si les conseillers et autres experts avaient pris la peine d’ouvrir un livre d’histoire, de déplier une carte et de tenir compte des dernières évolutions sur la scène mondiale, jamais ils n’auraient entraîner les politiques dans un tel « merdier » mais il est trop tard, la première pièce a été jouée et lâchée. La complexité de la partie ainsi entamée est telle que dès lors, les pièces vont bouger d’une façon automatique en Syrie, en Irak, en Egypte, au Mali, en Centrafrique, au Sud-Soudan, en Corée, aux Senkaku/Diaoyu, dans les îles Spratleys et Paracels…. mais également dans les offi cines boursières et fi nancières… Les prises de position désordonnées des pays occidentaux sur le dossier syrien, les événements de Kiev et l’arrivée en Méditerranée de l’USS Donald Cook (voir N&H n°83), navire symbole d’une sécurité européenne assurée « from behind » par les Etats-Unis via la couverture de l’OTAN en pleine crise ukrainienne, vont amener Vladimir Poutine qui se veut le président d’une « puissance intégrale » de tenter un coup en manuel en sortant des automatismes et de rééquilibrer la partie en jouant la pièce de Crimée…. A ce stade, il n’est plus temps de gloser et la seule tâche morale décisive doit consister à éduquer l’imagination morale et penser, tant qu’il en est encore temps une éthique de la non-puissance… Vladimir Poutine n’est pas un Staline-bis, ni un Koutouzov-bis mais bien plutôt le fi ls caché de la grande Catherine II. (DR) 7 jour où nous avons rendu notre 1 - Le jeudi 6 mars, précédente copie et où la frégate ukrainienne U 130 Hetman Sahaidachny rejoignait le port d’Odessa (1), la situation en Crimée était pour le moins chaotique. Ce même jour, les Russes avaient ainsi sabordé le bâtiment-base de plongeurs de 240 t (type « Yelva ») VM-416 (BM-416) désarmé en 2009 à côté de l’Ochakov coulé la veille (voir N&H n°83)… Les unités de la marine ukrainienne présentes dans les bases de la péninsule se retrouvaient donc toutes bloquées dans les baies de Sébastopol ou dans le lac Donuzlav. Ce 6 mars, 38 bases ou infrastructures des forces armées ukrainiennes, en particulier les bases aériennes et les batteries de missiles antiaériens, sont déjà aux mains de soldats russes alors que la Chine, embarrassée car elle tient au principe d’inviolabilité des frontières, demande à la Russie de faire vite et d’éviter les affrontements… 1 – Le 28 février, cette frégate, avec à son bord le contre-amiral Andrey Tarasov, ne s’est donc par rebellée contre les nouvelles autorités de Kiev mais contre l’annonce de la nomination de l’amiral Denis Berezovsky. Le contre-amiral Denis Berezovsky, proche des Russes, ne va rester que 36 heures à la tête de la marine ukrainienne. (DR) Le 2 mars, le contre- amiral Serhiy Haiduck, proche de l’OTAN, va remplacer Berezowsky à la tête de ce qu’il reste de la marine ukrainienne. (DR) 8 2 - A ce stade, Poutineet les autorités russes peuvent se satisfaire de l’annexion de la Crimée mais la « crise ukrainienne » entre dans une nouvelle phase où toutes les institutions publiques, semi-publiques et privées entrent en ligne et que de nombreux paramètres entrent en jeu : démographie, agences de notations, city de Londres, énergie et en particulier gaz de schiste, pressions économiques, projet de Trans-Atlantic Free Trade Agreement (TAFTA), politiques monétaires, gesticulations militaires, mouvements de navires, guerre des images avec de nombreux documents photographiques et cinématographiques postdatés ou pris dans d’autres régions du monde, publication de cartes pseudo-didactiques fausses sans oublier le recours à la bonne vieille propagande (les responsables ukrainiens, russes et autres n’hésitant pas à mentir comme des arracheurs de dents). Dans un tel contexte, la Russie demande l’application des accords signés à Kiev le 21 février par trois ministres des affaires étrangères de l’UE et ne reconnaît pas les nouvelles autorités mises en place le 22 et issues, pour elle, d’un coup d’état.
Recommended publications
  • Academia Militar
    ACADEMIA MILITAR Análise da Intervenção Russa na Crimeia Autor: Aspirante de Cavalaria Tiago Filipe Simões Ramos Orientador: Professor Catedrático António José Telo Mestrado Integrado em Ciências Militares, na especialidade de Cavalaria Relatório Científico Final do Trabalho de Investigação Aplicada Lisboa, setembro de 2019 ACADEMIA MILITAR Análise da Intervenção Russa na Crimeia Autor: Aspirante de Cavalaria Tiago Filipe Simões Ramos Orientador: Professor Catedrático António José Telo Mestrado Integrado em Ciências Militares, na especialidade de Cavalaria Relatório Científico Final do Trabalho de Investigação Aplicada Lisboa, setembro de 2019 EPÍGRAFE “Submeter o inimigo sem combater é a excelência suprema.” Sun Tzu i DEDICATÓRIA À minha família. ii AGRADECIMENTOS Esta dissertação representa o culminar dos anos de trabalho, cujo produto não vem só do esforço individual, mas também do apoio de muitos outros, cuja menção é necessária para lhes dar o merecido mérito. Quero começar por agradecer à Academia Militar, instituição que me acolheu, sem a qual não estaria onde estou. Ao Curso Tenente General Bernardim Freire de Andrade, o meu curso de entrada, por todos os momentos partilhados, no “conhaque” e no “trabalho”, desde o início até ao fim da viagem. Ao curso Tenente General de Artilharia e Engenheiro Mor Luís Serrão Pimentel, por me ter acolhido a meio caminho e nunca me ter desenquadrado. Em ambos tenho amigos, sem os quais os longos anos tinham sido ainda mais longos. Ao meu diretor de curso, o Tenente-Coronel de Cavalaria Baltazar, pela dedicação, empenho e paciência na transmissão dos ensinamentos e pela integração no espírito da arma. Ao meu orientador, Professor Catedrático António Telo, cujos conhecimentos e orientação permitiram o desenvolvimento deste trabalho.
    [Show full text]
  • International Crimes in Crimea
    International Crimes in Crimea: An Assessment of Two and a Half Years of Russian Occupation SEPTEMBER 2016 Contents I. Introduction 6 A. Executive summary 6 B. The authors 7 C. Sources of information and methodology of documentation 7 II. Factual Background 8 A. A brief history of the Crimean Peninsula 8 B. Euromaidan 12 C. The invasion of Crimea 15 D. Two and a half years of occupation and the war in Donbas 23 III. Jurisdiction of the International Criminal Court 27 IV. Contextual elements of international crimes 28 A. War crimes 28 B. Crimes against humanity 34 V. Willful killing, murder and enforced disappearances 38 A. Overview 38 B. The law 38 C. Summary of the evidence 39 D. Documented cases 41 E. Analysis 45 F. Conclusion 45 VI. Torture and other forms of inhuman treatment 46 A. Overview 46 B. The law 46 C. Summary of the evidence 47 D. Documented cases of torture and other forms of inhuman treatment 50 E. Analysis 59 F. Conclusion 59 VII. Illegal detention 60 A. Overview 60 B. The law 60 C. Summary of the evidence 62 D. Documented cases of illegal detention 66 E. Analysis 87 F. Conclusion 87 VIII. Forced displacement 88 A. Overview 88 B. The law 88 C. Summary of evidence 90 D. Analysis 93 E. Conclusion 93 IX. Crimes against public, private and cultural property 94 A. Overview 94 B. The law 94 C. Summary of evidence 96 D. Documented cases 99 E. Analysis 110 F. Conclusion 110 X. Persecution and collective punishment 111 A. Overview 111 B.
    [Show full text]
  • March 2014 Point Global
    View March 2014 point global www.thecsspoint.com Global Point © Ukraine Issue Crimea Issue TTP and Pakistan USA vs Russia India Biggest Arm Dealer Complete News and Events for March 2014 DOWNLOAD CSS Notes, Books, MCQs, Magazines www.thecsspoint.com Download CSS Notes Download CSS Books Download CSS Magazines Download CSS MCQs Download CSS Past Papers The CSS Point, Pakistan’s The Best Online FREE Web source for All CSS Aspirants. Email: [email protected] All articles and editorials mentioned in this booklet are the property of the their publishers (Magazines, Websites, Newspapers etc.), This Document is complied by The CSS Point. All Rights Reserved to DAWN Newspaper, The NEWS, Daily Times, Pakistan Today, Express Tribune and World Affairs. Contents ...................................................................................................................................................................... 2 Economic Affairs Pakistan News Digest ........................................................................................... 2 Magazine - March, 2014 March, 2014 ................................................................................................ 2 Russia, still no US accord on settling Ukraine crisis – Russian FM Lavrov .......................................... 3 Afghanistan Wants Stop to Pakistan’s Dam Project ............................................................................... 6 How North Korea’s elections work ..........................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • The Occupation of Crimea: No Markings, No Names and Hiding Behind Civilians
    THE OCCUPATION Analysis OF CRIMEA: NO MARKINGS, NO NAMES AND HIDING BEHIND CIVILIANS Кyiv 2019 Регіональний центр прав людини © Українська Гельсінська спілка з прав людини, 2019 THE OCCUPATION OF CRIMEA: NO MARKINGS, NO NAMES AND HIDING BEHIND CIVILIANS CONTENTS Abbreviations 5 Preface 5 Introduction 9 Methodology 11 1. Instances of the use of human shields during the surrounding, blocking off and capture of military bases of the Armed Forces of Ukraine 13 2. Instances of the use of «little green men» – soldiers in unmarked uniforms 23 3. Instances of perfidy and unlawful use of emblems and uniforms of the adversary during the blocking off and capture of military bases of the Armed Forces of Ukraine 30 Conclusion 33 no markings, no names and hiding behind civilians UHHRU • 2019 3 Abbreviations: ARC, Crimea, Crimean Peninsula Autonomous Republic of Crimea AFU Armed Forces of Ukraine AFRF Armed Forces of the Russian Federation IHL International Humanitarian Law GC IV IV Geneva Convention relative to the Protection of Civilian Persons in Time of War of 12 August 1949 GC III III Geneva Convention relative to the Treatment of Prisoners of War of 12 August 1949 AP I to GC Additional Protocol I to the Geneva Conventions of 8 June 1977 ICC International Criminal Court ICTY International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia 10th Brigade 10th Naval Aviation Brigade of the Ukrainian Navy UN United Nations RCHR Regional Center for Human Rights UHHRU Ukrainian Helsinki Human Rights Union BSF Black Sea Fleet of the Russian Federation 4 UHHRU • 2019 THE OCCUPATION OF CRIMEA Foreword Anton KORYNEVYCH Kyiv, Ukraine Candidate of Law Sciences, Permanent Representative of Ukraine’s President in the AR Crimea IN EARLY 2014, UKRAINE encountered challenges it had not known since gaining independence in 1991.
    [Show full text]
  • “Una Mala Paz Es Todavía Peor Que La Guerra” Cornelio Tácito Más Que
    “Una mala paz es todavía peor que la guerra” Cornelio Tácito Más que dar una bienvenida, alinicio de este trayecto, debo dar una felicitación a todos y cada uno de ustedes por atreverse a ser parte de los pocos agentes de cambio que quedamos en pie, ante la gran cantidad de situaciones relevantes que vivimos día a día, directa o indirectamente vinculadas con nuestro entorno. Simular una reunión de OTAN no es tarea fácil y mucho menos al vernos involucrados en una situación de emergencia en la que podemos estar al borde del inicio de una Tercera (3era) guerra mundial. Deseo expresarles que, como directora de OTAN, me siento totalmente complacida al tener la oportunidad de guiarlos en este camino hacia la elaboración de una solución para la problemática que se nos está presentando actualmente y manifestarles que me siento orgullosa de poder representar a personas tan preparadas como ustedes, quienes mediante sus conocimientos, colaborarán con la mejora de las naciones del mundo que tanto lo necesitan. Deseo, también, recordarles la importancia de su participación, ya que determinarán el rumbo que seguirán las situaciones planteadas y quienes velarán para que las decisiones sean las más convenientes, tanto para su nación, como para el resto de las naciones que se encuentran involucradas en el conflicto. Habiendo hecho énfasis en lo anteriormente expuesto, sólo me queda esperar que, como representantes de sus naciones, den lo mejor de ustedes y me permitan, como su superior, guiarlos por el camino correcto para así llegar a una solución que no altere la paz en las naciones del mundo.
    [Show full text]
  • Situation in Ukraine
    COMMUNICATION SUBMITTED UNDER ARTICLE 15 OF THE ROME STATUTE OF THE INTERNATIONAL CRIMINAL COURT SITUATION IN UKRAINE: WAR CRIMES AND CRIMES AGAINST HUMANITY COMMITTED IN PRISONS SEIZED AND CONTROLLED BY ANTI-GOVERNMENT FORCES September 2020 TABLE OF ABBREVIATIONS ATO Anti-Terrorist Operation CF Correctional Facility DPR Donetsk Peoples’ Republic ECHR European Convention on Human Rights ECtHR European Court of Human Rights FIDH International Federation for Human Rights IAC International Armed Conflict ICC International Criminal Court ICTY International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia KHPG Kharkiv Human Rights Protection Group LPR Luhansk Peoples’ Republic NIAC Non-International Armed Conflict PTDC Pre Trial Detention Centre SBU Ukrainian State Security UAF Ukrainian Armed Forces The preparation and elaboration of this FIDH-KHPG Communication were made possible thanks to the support of the United Nations Development Programme in Ukraine, International Renaissance Foundation, the European Commission, Open Society Foundations, National Endowment for Democracy (United States), the Democracy Commission of the United States Embassy in Ukraine, and the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Netherlands. The contents of this publication are the sole responsibility of FIDH and KHPG and can in no way be taken to reflect the views of the aforementioned supporting institutions. 2 TABLE OF CONTENTS Table of abbreviations 2 I. Introduction 4 II. Executive Summary 6 III. Filing Parties 9 IV. Methodology 12 V. Factual Background 17 A. Outbreak of Armed Conflict in Eastern Ukraine 17 B. Ukrainian Prisons in Donetsk and Luhansk Provinces Prior 24 to the Outbreak of Armed Conflict C. Impact of the Outbreak of Armed Conflict on Prisoners in 24 Eastern Ukraine D.
    [Show full text]
  • Baltic States And
    UNCLASSIFIED Asymmetric Operations Working Group Ambiguous Threats and External Influences in the Baltic States and Poland Phase 1: Understanding the Threat October 2014 UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED Cover image credits (clockwise): Pro-Russian Militants Seize More Public Buildings in Eastern Ukraine (Donetsk). By Voice of America website (VOA) [Public domain], via Wikimedia Commons, http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:VOAPro- Russian_Militants_Seize_More_Public_Buildings_in_Eastern_Ukraine.jpg. Ceremony Signing the Laws on Admitting Crimea and Sevastopol to the Russian Federation. The website of the President of the Russian Federation (www.kremlin.ru) [CC-BY-3.0 (http://creativecommons.org/ licenses/by/3.0)], via Wikimedia Commons, http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Ceremony_signing_ the_laws_on_admitting_Crimea_and_Sevastopol_to_the_Russian_Federation_1.jpg. Sloviansk—Self-Defense Forces Climb into Armored Personnel Carrier. By Graham William Phillips [CCBY-3.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0)], via Wikimedia Commons, http://commons.wikimedia. org/wiki/File:BMDs_of_Sloviansk_self-defense.jpg. Dynamivska str Barricades on Fire, Euromaidan Protests. By Mstyslav Chernov (http://www.unframe.com/ mstyslav- chernov/) (Own work) [CC-BY-SA-3.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0)], via Wikimedia Commons, http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Dynamivska_str_barricades_on_fire._ Euromaidan_Protests._Events_of_Jan_19,_2014-9.jpg. Antiwar Protests in Russia. By Nessa Gnatoush [CC-BY-2.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0)], via Wikimedia Commons, http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Euromaidan_Kyiv_1-12-13_by_ Gnatoush_005.jpg. Military Base at Perevalne during the 2014 Crimean Crisis. By Anton Holoborodko (http://www. ex.ua/76677715) [CC-BY-SA-3.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0)], via Wikimedia Commons, http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:2014-03-09_-_Perevalne_military_base_-_0180.JPG.
    [Show full text]
  • ENGLISH Only
    FSC.DEL/163/16 15 September 2016 ENGLISH only Permanent Mission of Ukraine to the International Organizations in Vienna Statement by the Delegation of Ukraine at the 828th FSC Plenary Meeting (14 September 2016 at 10.00, Hofburg) (Agenda item 2) Mr. Chairman, As this is the first regular plenary meeting of the FSC in the third trimester of 2016 let me first of all warmly welcome the new FSC Chairmanship of Portugal and wish them every success in guiding our work in the third trimester of 2016. We are grateful to H.E. Dr. Augusto Santos Silva, Minister for Foreign Affairs of Portugal, for his opening statement outlining the main priorities and planned activities of the FSC Chairmanship. Mr. Chairman, Distinguished colleagues, Over the FSC summer recess the security situation in Donbas along the contact line had been markedly deteriorating. Continuous ceasefire violations by the combined Russian-separatist forces had been on a sharp rise in August, which further worsened the humanitarian situation. The attacks employed battle tanks, infantry fighting vehicles, 152mm artillery, 120mm and 82mm mortars along the entire line of contact with an average intensity of 94 times per day. Over past two months 43 Ukrainian soldiers lost their lives and 192 were wounded. In compliance with the recent arrangement on silence regime from 1 September, Ukrainian armed forces strictly observed the ceasefire. During the first day the security situation across the contact line became controlled, number of attacks decreased significantly, and the use of prohibited by Minsk agreements weapons, stopped. However, after two days the combined Russian-separatist forces again launched attacks using mortars of caliber 82mm and 120 mm.
    [Show full text]
  • The Ukrainian Weekly 2014, No.36
    www.ukrweekly.com INSIDE: Analysis: Putin’s war for “Novorossiya” – page 2 Flashmobs demonstrate diaspora unity with Ukraine – page 5 Over 2,500 at Ukrainian Folk Festival at Tryzubivka – page 11 THEPublished U by theKRAINIAN Ukrainian National Association Inc., a fraternal W non-profit associationEEKLY Vol. LXXXII No. 36 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, SEPTEMBER 7, 2014 $2.00 Europe’s leaders frustrated Paslawsky honored as hero with burial at Askold’s Grave in their failure to halt Putin by Zenon Zawada by Zenon Zawada KYIV – The way his friends and acquaintances tell it, you couldn’t find KYIV – If Europe’s leaders needed a splash of anyone more devoted to Ukraine than cold water to realize just what kind of force they’re Mark Paslawsky, 55, who grew up in New up against, Russian President Vladimir Putin pro- Jersey, settled in his ancestral homeland vided it on August 27, when his soldiers took con- upon its independence and followed in trol of the strategic port city of Novoazovsk in the his father’s footsteps to defend its land Donetsk region that was invaded three days earlier. from Muscovite occupation. Until that point, the Russian armed forces Only a week had passed since he covertly supported pro-Russian separatists in was killed on August 19 in the Donbas Donbas with unmarked mercenaries. With the dis- war, yet Paslawsky was already being organized separatists facing imminent defeat, how- spoken of as a Ukrainian legend at his ever, the Russian military resorted to an open inva- funeral in Kyiv on August 26. sion, amid persistent denials of doing so and Enshrining that legendary status was despite evidence gathered by Western govern- the Ukrainian government’s approval of ments.
    [Show full text]
  • Bat Census in Crimean Caves
    A final report on the BP Conservation project Bat census in Crimean caves Project country Ukraine Project area Crimean Mountains and South-Eastern steppe part (the Kerch peninsula) of the Crimea (Crimean Autonomous Republic) Project's terms May 2004 – May 2005 Project leader Lena Godlevska Address Ukraine, 01601, Kyiv-30, Bohdan Khmelnitsky Str., 15., MSP, Schmalhausen Institute of Zoology Telephone +38044-424-12-91 +38067-810-56-31 Fax +38044-424-12-91 E-mail [email protected] [email protected] Kyiv - 2007 CONTENTS CONTENTS....................................................................................................................................2 BACKGROUND ..............................................................................................................................4 1. DATABASE ON BATS' RECORDS OF THE REGION ........................................................................6 1.1. General............................................................................................................................6 1.2. List of literary sources used in the database ..................................................................7 2. FIELDWORK ............................................................................................................................10 2.1. Methods.........................................................................................................................10 2.2. List and short description of examined underground cavities......................................10
    [Show full text]
  • Classical Realist and Norm-Based Constructivist Analysis of Russia's
    VOLUME XLIX CLASSICAL REALIST AND NORM-BASED CONSTRUCTIVIST Classical Realist and Norm-Based Constructivist Analysis of Russia’s Invasion of Ukraine and Annexation of Crimea Dana Tandilashvili Abstract: Classical realism, the dominant theoretical tradition through the Cold War, emphasizes the struggle for power among all nations. The realist approach states that Russia invaded Ukraine and annexed Crimea for Russia’s own self-interest in gaining more power. In response, many countries view Russia as not trying to work with other nations and wanting to gain power for themselves at all costs. In contrast, norm-based constructivism holds that shared ideas, expectations, and beliefs about appropriate behavior are what give the world structure and stability and that the actions that nations take in the international community, are in response to the situation that they are in. The constructivist thought is that Russia’s occupation of Crimea is seen by many other nations as illegal and in violation of international norms and rules but, nonetheless, it is in response to Russia’s shared interest and identity with Crimea and the Russian people living there. Researching the phenomenon through these two viewpoints has shown that the theory of classical realism provides an accurate explanation of the reasons behind Russia’s decision to invade Ukraine and annex Crimea; the theory of classical realism also explains the international response Russia faced due to their actions in the region. Introduction Russia’s annexation of Crimea and invasion of eastern Ukraine dominated the news in 2014 and incited divisive debates across nations regarding the annexation. Through the theoretical approaches of classical realism and norm-based constructivism, Russia’s invasion of Ukraine and annexation of Crimea and the corresponding reaction from the international community can be explored and analyzed.
    [Show full text]
  • Ukraine 2014 International Religious Freedom Report
    UKRAINE 2014 INTERNATIONAL RELIGIOUS FREEDOM REPORT In February Russian forces occupied Crimea. On March 18, Russia announced Crimea had become part of Russia. UN General Assembly Resolution 68/262, adopted on March 27, and entitled “Territorial Integrity of Ukraine,” states the Autonomous Republic of Crimea remains internationally recognized as within Ukraine’s international borders. The U.S. government does not recognize the attempted annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation and considers Crimea still to be a part of Ukraine. UKRAINE Executive Summary The constitution protects freedom of religion and belief and provides for the separation of church and state. According to the law on religion, the objective of domestic religious policy is to foster the creation of a tolerant society and provide for freedom of conscience and worship. Religious leaders urged an end to politically-motivated religious assaults and other violence in the stand-off between the Yanukovych government and anti-regime protesters. Religious and political groups both called for the Yanukovych government to cease threats to end the religious activities of the Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church (UGCC) after the UGCC had ministered to the protesters, and to end its incitement of anti-Semitic acts as part of a public campaign to discredit the political opposition. Following the changeover to a transitional administration and then under the Poroshenko government, religious leaders called for dialogue and reconciliation between all sectarian and political groups in support of national unity. In April Russian-backed separatists proclaimed the so-called Donetsk and Luhansk People’s Republics (“DPR” and “LPR”) in the region known as the “Donbas.” The separatists kidnapped, beat, and threatened Protestants, Catholics, and members of the Ukrainian Orthodox Church of the Kyiv Patriarchate (UOC-KP) and participated in anti-Semitic acts.
    [Show full text]