The Ukrainian Weekly 2014, No.36
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Academia Militar
ACADEMIA MILITAR Análise da Intervenção Russa na Crimeia Autor: Aspirante de Cavalaria Tiago Filipe Simões Ramos Orientador: Professor Catedrático António José Telo Mestrado Integrado em Ciências Militares, na especialidade de Cavalaria Relatório Científico Final do Trabalho de Investigação Aplicada Lisboa, setembro de 2019 ACADEMIA MILITAR Análise da Intervenção Russa na Crimeia Autor: Aspirante de Cavalaria Tiago Filipe Simões Ramos Orientador: Professor Catedrático António José Telo Mestrado Integrado em Ciências Militares, na especialidade de Cavalaria Relatório Científico Final do Trabalho de Investigação Aplicada Lisboa, setembro de 2019 EPÍGRAFE “Submeter o inimigo sem combater é a excelência suprema.” Sun Tzu i DEDICATÓRIA À minha família. ii AGRADECIMENTOS Esta dissertação representa o culminar dos anos de trabalho, cujo produto não vem só do esforço individual, mas também do apoio de muitos outros, cuja menção é necessária para lhes dar o merecido mérito. Quero começar por agradecer à Academia Militar, instituição que me acolheu, sem a qual não estaria onde estou. Ao Curso Tenente General Bernardim Freire de Andrade, o meu curso de entrada, por todos os momentos partilhados, no “conhaque” e no “trabalho”, desde o início até ao fim da viagem. Ao curso Tenente General de Artilharia e Engenheiro Mor Luís Serrão Pimentel, por me ter acolhido a meio caminho e nunca me ter desenquadrado. Em ambos tenho amigos, sem os quais os longos anos tinham sido ainda mais longos. Ao meu diretor de curso, o Tenente-Coronel de Cavalaria Baltazar, pela dedicação, empenho e paciência na transmissão dos ensinamentos e pela integração no espírito da arma. Ao meu orientador, Professor Catedrático António Telo, cujos conhecimentos e orientação permitiram o desenvolvimento deste trabalho. -
Deception, Disinformation, and Strategic Communications: How One Interagency Group Made a Major Difference by Fletcher Schoen and Christopher J
STRATEGIC PERSPECTIVES 11 Deception, Disinformation, and Strategic Communications: How One Interagency Group Made a Major Difference by Fletcher Schoen and Christopher J. Lamb Center for Strategic Research Institute for National Strategic Studies National Defense University Institute for National Strategic Studies National Defense University The Institute for National Strategic Studies (INSS) is National Defense University’s (NDU’s) dedicated research arm. INSS includes the Center for Strategic Research, Center for Complex Operations, Center for the Study of Chinese Military Affairs, Center for Technology and National Security Policy, Center for Transatlantic Security Studies, and Conflict Records Research Center. The military and civilian analysts and staff who comprise INSS and its subcomponents execute their mission by conducting research and analysis, publishing, and participating in conferences, policy support, and outreach. The mission of INSS is to conduct strategic studies for the Secretary of Defense, Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, and the Unified Combatant Commands in support of the academic programs at NDU and to perform outreach to other U.S. Government agencies and the broader national security community. Cover: Kathleen Bailey presents evidence of forgeries to the press corps. Credit: The Washington Times Deception, Disinformation, and Strategic Communications: How One Interagency Group Made a Major Difference Deception, Disinformation, and Strategic Communications: How One Interagency Group Made a Major Difference By Fletcher Schoen and Christopher J. Lamb Institute for National Strategic Studies Strategic Perspectives, No. 11 Series Editor: Nicholas Rostow National Defense University Press Washington, D.C. June 2012 Opinions, conclusions, and recommendations expressed or implied within are solely those of the contributors and do not necessarily represent the views of the Defense Department or any other agency of the Federal Government. -
Conspiracy of Peace: the Cold War, the International Peace Movement, and the Soviet Peace Campaign, 1946-1956
The London School of Economics and Political Science Conspiracy of Peace: The Cold War, the International Peace Movement, and the Soviet Peace Campaign, 1946-1956 Vladimir Dobrenko A thesis submitted to the Department of International History of the London School of Economics for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy, London, October 2015 Declaration I certify that the thesis I have presented for examination for the MPhil/PhD degree of the London School of Economics and Political Science is solely my own work other than where I have clearly indicated that it is the work of others (in which case the extent of any work carried out jointly by me and any other person is clearly identified in it). The copyright of this thesis rests with the author. Quotation from it is permitted, provided that full acknowledgement is made. This thesis may not be reproduced without my prior written consent. I warrant that this authorisation does not, to the best of my belief, infringe the rights of any third party. I declare that my thesis consists of 90,957 words. Statement of conjoint work I can confirm that my thesis was copy edited for conventions of language, spelling and grammar by John Clifton of www.proofreading247.co.uk/ I have followed the Chicago Manual of Style, 16th edition, for referencing. 2 Abstract This thesis deals with the Soviet Union’s Peace Campaign during the first decade of the Cold War as it sought to establish the Iron Curtain. The thesis focuses on the primary institutions engaged in the Peace Campaign: the World Peace Council and the Soviet Peace Committee. -
International Crimes in Crimea
International Crimes in Crimea: An Assessment of Two and a Half Years of Russian Occupation SEPTEMBER 2016 Contents I. Introduction 6 A. Executive summary 6 B. The authors 7 C. Sources of information and methodology of documentation 7 II. Factual Background 8 A. A brief history of the Crimean Peninsula 8 B. Euromaidan 12 C. The invasion of Crimea 15 D. Two and a half years of occupation and the war in Donbas 23 III. Jurisdiction of the International Criminal Court 27 IV. Contextual elements of international crimes 28 A. War crimes 28 B. Crimes against humanity 34 V. Willful killing, murder and enforced disappearances 38 A. Overview 38 B. The law 38 C. Summary of the evidence 39 D. Documented cases 41 E. Analysis 45 F. Conclusion 45 VI. Torture and other forms of inhuman treatment 46 A. Overview 46 B. The law 46 C. Summary of the evidence 47 D. Documented cases of torture and other forms of inhuman treatment 50 E. Analysis 59 F. Conclusion 59 VII. Illegal detention 60 A. Overview 60 B. The law 60 C. Summary of the evidence 62 D. Documented cases of illegal detention 66 E. Analysis 87 F. Conclusion 87 VIII. Forced displacement 88 A. Overview 88 B. The law 88 C. Summary of evidence 90 D. Analysis 93 E. Conclusion 93 IX. Crimes against public, private and cultural property 94 A. Overview 94 B. The law 94 C. Summary of evidence 96 D. Documented cases 99 E. Analysis 110 F. Conclusion 110 X. Persecution and collective punishment 111 A. Overview 111 B. -
Sacred Architecture in the Area of Historical Volhynia
E3S Web of Conferences 217, 01007 (2020) https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202021701007 ERSME-2020 Sacred architecture in the area of historical Volhynia Liliia Gnatiuk1,* 1National Aviation University, Interior Design Department, Faculty of architecture, construction and design, Kyiv, Ukraine Abstract. This article discusses the genesis and historical development of the sacred complexes of historic Volhyn. Based on historical and architectural analysis, it is presented that sacred complexes of historic Volhynia were built according to the canons of temple architecture, and at the same time they have their own characteristics, related to national traditions and regional features which appeared as a result of the process of forming Christianity as a religion associated with national development in the specific study territory. The results of a comprehensive analysis of historical and archival documents found in the archives of Ukraine, Poland and Russia, as well as field research are presented. Results of system and theoretical research of significant retrospective analysis of canonical, historical and political prerequisites of sacral complexes were generalized. The concept of sacred complex structures throughout ХІ-ХІХ th centuries is suggested in correlation with the change of religious identity formation and differentiation according to religious requirements. Existence of autochthonous traditions and genuine vector of the Volhynia’s sacred complex development, considering the specific geopolitical location between East and West in the area where two different cultures collide with each other has been proved. The work is shifting statements concerning direct borrowing of architectural and stylistic components of architectural and planning structure and certain decorative elements. 1 Introduction Architecture more than other forms of art reflects the state of society, its political level, the degree of economic development, aesthetic tastes and preferences. -
The Occupation of Crimea: No Markings, No Names and Hiding Behind Civilians
THE OCCUPATION Analysis OF CRIMEA: NO MARKINGS, NO NAMES AND HIDING BEHIND CIVILIANS Кyiv 2019 Регіональний центр прав людини © Українська Гельсінська спілка з прав людини, 2019 THE OCCUPATION OF CRIMEA: NO MARKINGS, NO NAMES AND HIDING BEHIND CIVILIANS CONTENTS Abbreviations 5 Preface 5 Introduction 9 Methodology 11 1. Instances of the use of human shields during the surrounding, blocking off and capture of military bases of the Armed Forces of Ukraine 13 2. Instances of the use of «little green men» – soldiers in unmarked uniforms 23 3. Instances of perfidy and unlawful use of emblems and uniforms of the adversary during the blocking off and capture of military bases of the Armed Forces of Ukraine 30 Conclusion 33 no markings, no names and hiding behind civilians UHHRU • 2019 3 Abbreviations: ARC, Crimea, Crimean Peninsula Autonomous Republic of Crimea AFU Armed Forces of Ukraine AFRF Armed Forces of the Russian Federation IHL International Humanitarian Law GC IV IV Geneva Convention relative to the Protection of Civilian Persons in Time of War of 12 August 1949 GC III III Geneva Convention relative to the Treatment of Prisoners of War of 12 August 1949 AP I to GC Additional Protocol I to the Geneva Conventions of 8 June 1977 ICC International Criminal Court ICTY International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia 10th Brigade 10th Naval Aviation Brigade of the Ukrainian Navy UN United Nations RCHR Regional Center for Human Rights UHHRU Ukrainian Helsinki Human Rights Union BSF Black Sea Fleet of the Russian Federation 4 UHHRU • 2019 THE OCCUPATION OF CRIMEA Foreword Anton KORYNEVYCH Kyiv, Ukraine Candidate of Law Sciences, Permanent Representative of Ukraine’s President in the AR Crimea IN EARLY 2014, UKRAINE encountered challenges it had not known since gaining independence in 1991. -
Situation in Ukraine
COMMUNICATION SUBMITTED UNDER ARTICLE 15 OF THE ROME STATUTE OF THE INTERNATIONAL CRIMINAL COURT SITUATION IN UKRAINE: WAR CRIMES AND CRIMES AGAINST HUMANITY COMMITTED IN PRISONS SEIZED AND CONTROLLED BY ANTI-GOVERNMENT FORCES September 2020 TABLE OF ABBREVIATIONS ATO Anti-Terrorist Operation CF Correctional Facility DPR Donetsk Peoples’ Republic ECHR European Convention on Human Rights ECtHR European Court of Human Rights FIDH International Federation for Human Rights IAC International Armed Conflict ICC International Criminal Court ICTY International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia KHPG Kharkiv Human Rights Protection Group LPR Luhansk Peoples’ Republic NIAC Non-International Armed Conflict PTDC Pre Trial Detention Centre SBU Ukrainian State Security UAF Ukrainian Armed Forces The preparation and elaboration of this FIDH-KHPG Communication were made possible thanks to the support of the United Nations Development Programme in Ukraine, International Renaissance Foundation, the European Commission, Open Society Foundations, National Endowment for Democracy (United States), the Democracy Commission of the United States Embassy in Ukraine, and the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Netherlands. The contents of this publication are the sole responsibility of FIDH and KHPG and can in no way be taken to reflect the views of the aforementioned supporting institutions. 2 TABLE OF CONTENTS Table of abbreviations 2 I. Introduction 4 II. Executive Summary 6 III. Filing Parties 9 IV. Methodology 12 V. Factual Background 17 A. Outbreak of Armed Conflict in Eastern Ukraine 17 B. Ukrainian Prisons in Donetsk and Luhansk Provinces Prior 24 to the Outbreak of Armed Conflict C. Impact of the Outbreak of Armed Conflict on Prisoners in 24 Eastern Ukraine D. -
Baltic States And
UNCLASSIFIED Asymmetric Operations Working Group Ambiguous Threats and External Influences in the Baltic States and Poland Phase 1: Understanding the Threat October 2014 UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED Cover image credits (clockwise): Pro-Russian Militants Seize More Public Buildings in Eastern Ukraine (Donetsk). By Voice of America website (VOA) [Public domain], via Wikimedia Commons, http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:VOAPro- Russian_Militants_Seize_More_Public_Buildings_in_Eastern_Ukraine.jpg. Ceremony Signing the Laws on Admitting Crimea and Sevastopol to the Russian Federation. The website of the President of the Russian Federation (www.kremlin.ru) [CC-BY-3.0 (http://creativecommons.org/ licenses/by/3.0)], via Wikimedia Commons, http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Ceremony_signing_ the_laws_on_admitting_Crimea_and_Sevastopol_to_the_Russian_Federation_1.jpg. Sloviansk—Self-Defense Forces Climb into Armored Personnel Carrier. By Graham William Phillips [CCBY-3.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0)], via Wikimedia Commons, http://commons.wikimedia. org/wiki/File:BMDs_of_Sloviansk_self-defense.jpg. Dynamivska str Barricades on Fire, Euromaidan Protests. By Mstyslav Chernov (http://www.unframe.com/ mstyslav- chernov/) (Own work) [CC-BY-SA-3.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0)], via Wikimedia Commons, http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Dynamivska_str_barricades_on_fire._ Euromaidan_Protests._Events_of_Jan_19,_2014-9.jpg. Antiwar Protests in Russia. By Nessa Gnatoush [CC-BY-2.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0)], via Wikimedia Commons, http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Euromaidan_Kyiv_1-12-13_by_ Gnatoush_005.jpg. Military Base at Perevalne during the 2014 Crimean Crisis. By Anton Holoborodko (http://www. ex.ua/76677715) [CC-BY-SA-3.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0)], via Wikimedia Commons, http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:2014-03-09_-_Perevalne_military_base_-_0180.JPG. -
Skeletons in the Soviet Closet: the Last Tsar and His Family in the Early Soviet Era, 1918-1937 Olivia Chap Connecticut College, [email protected]
Connecticut College Digital Commons @ Connecticut College Slavic Studies Honors Papers Slavic Studies Department 2015 Skeletons in the Soviet Closet: The Last Tsar and his Family in the Early Soviet Era, 1918-1937 Olivia Chap Connecticut College, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: http://digitalcommons.conncoll.edu/slavichp Part of the European History Commons, and the Slavic Languages and Societies Commons Recommended Citation Chap, Olivia, "Skeletons in the Soviet Closet: The Last Tsar and his Family in the Early Soviet Era, 1918-1937" (2015). Slavic Studies Honors Papers. 3. http://digitalcommons.conncoll.edu/slavichp/3 This Honors Paper is brought to you for free and open access by the Slavic Studies Department at Digital Commons @ Connecticut College. It has been accepted for inclusion in Slavic Studies Honors Papers by an authorized administrator of Digital Commons @ Connecticut College. For more information, please contact [email protected]. The views expressed in this paper are solely those of the author. Skeletons in the Soviet Closet: Russia’s Last Tsar and his Family in the Early Soviet Era, 1918-1937 Liv Chap Honors Thesis International Relations & Slavic Studies Connecticut College Class of 2015 Thesis Advisor: Eileen Kane Second Reader: Petko Ivanov 1 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Writing this thesis was difficult, and it caused me enormous amounts of stress over the course of nine months. I very much wanted to quit and burn all that I had written on multiple occasions, but I did not succumb, and I am happy that I kept on going. The motivation to complete this thesis did not come from myself alone, and I would like to take this page to thank everyone who helped me finish this enormous task. -
Michael Z. Vinokouroff: a Profile and Inventory of His Papers And
MICHAEL Z. VINOKOUROFF: A PROFILE AND INVENTORY OF HIS PAPERS (Ms 81) AND PHOTOGRAPHS (PCA 243) in the Alaska Historical Library Louise Martin, Ph.D. Project coordinator and editor Alaska Department of Education Division ofState Libraries P.O. Box G Juneau Alaska 99811 1986 Martin, Louise. Michael Z. Vinokouroff: a profile and inventory of his papers (MS 81) and photographs (PCA 243) in the Alaska Historical Library / Louise Martin, Ph.D., project coordinator and editor. -- Juneau, Alaska (P.O. Box G. Juneau 99811): Alaska Department of Education, Division of State Libraries, 1986. 137, 26 p. : ill.; 28 cm. Includes index and references to photographs, church and Siberian material available on microfiche from the publisher. Partial contents: M.Z. Vinokouroff: profile of a Russian emigre scholar and bibliophile/ Richard A. Pierce -- It must be done / M.Z.., Vinokouroff; trans- lation by Richard A. Pierce. 1. Orthodox Eastern Church, Russian. 2. Siberia (R.S.F.S.R.) 3. Russian Orthodox Greek Catholic Church of America--Diocese of Alaska--Archives-- Catalogs. 4. Vinokour6ff, Michael Z., 1894-1983-- Library--Catalogs. 5. Soviet Union--Emigrationand immigration. 6. Authors, Russian--20th Century. 7. Alaska Historical Library-- Catalogs. I. Alaska. Division of State Libraries. II. Pierce, Richard A. M.Z. Vinokouroff: profile of a Russian emigre scholar and bibliophile. III. Vinokouroff, Michael Z., 1894- 1983. It must be done. IV. Title. DK246 .M37 Table of Contents Introduction ............................................. 1 “M.Z. Vinokouroff: Profile of a Russian Émigré Scholar and Bibliophile,” by Richard A. Pierce................... 5 Appendix: “IT MUST BE DONE!” by M.Z. Vinokouroff; translation by Richard A. -
What Americans Thought of Joseph Stalin Before and After World War II
A Thesis entitled “Uncle Joe”: What Americans Thought of Joseph Stalin Before and After World War II by Kimberly Hupp A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of The Masters of Liberal Studies ______________________________ Advisor: Dr. Michael Jakobson ______________________________ College of Graduate Studies University of Toledo May 2009 1 2 An Abstract of “Uncle Joe”: What Americans Thought of Joseph Stalin Before and After World War II by Kimberly Hupp A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of The Master of Liberal Studies University of Toledo May 2009 A thesis presented on the American public opinion of Josef Stalin before and after World War II beginning with how Russia and Stalin was portrayed in the media before the war began, covering how opinions shifted with major events such as the famine, collectivization, the Great Terror, wartime conferences, the Cold War and McCarthyism. ii TABLE OF CONTENTS Abstract ................................................................................................................ii Table of Contents................................................................................................iii Acknowledgements .............................................................................................v List of Figures……………………………………………………………….vii List of Abbreviations……………………………………………………… .viii Introduction......................................................................................................... -
ENGLISH Only
FSC.DEL/163/16 15 September 2016 ENGLISH only Permanent Mission of Ukraine to the International Organizations in Vienna Statement by the Delegation of Ukraine at the 828th FSC Plenary Meeting (14 September 2016 at 10.00, Hofburg) (Agenda item 2) Mr. Chairman, As this is the first regular plenary meeting of the FSC in the third trimester of 2016 let me first of all warmly welcome the new FSC Chairmanship of Portugal and wish them every success in guiding our work in the third trimester of 2016. We are grateful to H.E. Dr. Augusto Santos Silva, Minister for Foreign Affairs of Portugal, for his opening statement outlining the main priorities and planned activities of the FSC Chairmanship. Mr. Chairman, Distinguished colleagues, Over the FSC summer recess the security situation in Donbas along the contact line had been markedly deteriorating. Continuous ceasefire violations by the combined Russian-separatist forces had been on a sharp rise in August, which further worsened the humanitarian situation. The attacks employed battle tanks, infantry fighting vehicles, 152mm artillery, 120mm and 82mm mortars along the entire line of contact with an average intensity of 94 times per day. Over past two months 43 Ukrainian soldiers lost their lives and 192 were wounded. In compliance with the recent arrangement on silence regime from 1 September, Ukrainian armed forces strictly observed the ceasefire. During the first day the security situation across the contact line became controlled, number of attacks decreased significantly, and the use of prohibited by Minsk agreements weapons, stopped. However, after two days the combined Russian-separatist forces again launched attacks using mortars of caliber 82mm and 120 mm.