DOCSLIB.ORG

Plant Identification and Classification Summer 2016 -‐ Notes Week 4

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Plant Identification and Classification Summer 2016 -‐ Notes Week 4 BIOL 317: Plant Identification and Classification Summer 2016 - Notes Week 4 – Tuesday • Wind-pollination - selective factors and morpHological effects • No need to attract animal pollinators • flowers with reduced or no perianth • small flowers • Pollen transfer is not directed – most pollen will not successfully reacH stigma of same species • many flowers • high pollen:ovule ratio § unisexual flowers – Having more staminate flowers tHan pistillate flowers is one strategy to achieve a high pollen:ovule ratio • feather stigma - to capture pollen in air Monocots (continued) • Typhaceae (cattail family) • 2 genera, 25 spp. • distributed worldwide; aquatic • herbaceous • leaves - simple; alternate and 2-ranked; linear • rHizomatous • inflorescence • dense spike (Typha) or heads (Sparganium) - sessile flowers § male flowers at top, female flowers at bottom • flowers • flowers unisexual - plants monoecious • actinomorpHic • tepals 1-many - reduced to scales or bristles • stamens 1-8 • pistil compound (3 carpels, 1 ovule total); ovary superior • fruit: achene-like follicle or drupe • Juncaceae (rusH family) • 7 genera, 430 spp. • distributed widely, especially diverse in temperate regions, often in wetlands • herbaceous • leaves - simple; basal or alternate, 3-ranked; linear or cylindrical; open or closed sheatH • often rHizomatous • stem - round and solid • flowers • actinomorpHic • tepals 6, scarious (thin and dry) and persistent • stamens 6 • pistil compound (3 carpels); ovary superior • fruit: capsule • Cyperaceae (sedge family) • 98 genera, 5430 spp. • distributed widely, often in wetlands • herbaceous • leaves - simple; basal or alternate, 3-ranked; linear or cylindrical; closed sheath • often rHizomatous • stem – usually triangular and solid, but some are round • inflorescence • spikelet, usually subtended by 1 bract, usually part of larger inflorescence • flowers • subtended by 1 bract • actinomorpHic • tepals 0, or 3-6 reduced to scales or bristles • stamens 1-3 • pistil compound (usually 3 carpels, 1 ovule total); ovary superior • fruit: achene • genus Carex – largest genus in family and among largest genera of angiosperms, ~1800 spp. • perigynium – bottle-sHaped bract surrounding female flower • ligule – flap of tissue on inner surface of leaf wHere blade meets sHeatH • flowers usually unisexual, on monoecious plants • Poaceae/Gramineae (grass family) • 707 genera, 11337 spp. (fiftH largest angiosperm family) • most economically-important family as source of food and ecologically important as dominant members of grassland ecosystems • distributed worldwide, often in drier habitats • herbaceous • leaves - simple; basal or alternate, 2-ranked; linear; usually open sheath • ligule – flap of tissue on inner surface of leaf wHere blade meets sHeatH • often rHizomatous or stoloniferous • stem (culm) – usually round and hollow at internodes • swollen nodes – gives stem jointed appearance • intercalary meristem – stem cells at base of leaf blades, leaf sHeatHs, and nodes allow for regrowtH after leaf and sHoot tips Have been grazed/mown • inflorescence • spikelet, usually subtended by 2 bracts (glumes), usually part of larger inflorescence • flowers (florets) • subtended by 2 bracts – lemma (outer, larger bract) and palea (inner, smaller bract) • zygomorpHic • tepals 2, reduced to small scales (lodicules) • stamens 3 • pistil compound (usually 3 carpels, 1 ovule total); ovary superior • fruit: caryopsis (achene in which fruit wall is fused to seed coat) • grain terminology § chaff - bracts (glumes, lemma, palea) § grain - fruit (caryopsis) § bran - fruit wall/seed coat of caryopsis § germ - embryo in seed § endosperm - starcH and proteins remaining after processing in refined grains, tHe majority of wHat we eat Juncaceae Cyperaceae Poaceae Leaves closed or open closed sheath; ligule open sheath; sheath; ligule absent present only in Carex ligule present Stem round and solid triangular or round, round and hollow and solid PeriantH 6 tepals none or reduced reduced Fruit capsule achene caryopsis (achene) • Trends in angiosperm floral evolution (ancestral state èderived) • radial symmetry è bilateral • large number of organs è small and set number of organs • spiral arrangement è whorled • organs free è fused • perianth undifferentiated (tepals) è perianth differentiated into sepals and petals • stamens undifferentiated (laminar) è stamens differentiated into filament and anther • ovary superior è inferior • flowers perfect è unisexual ANA grade • parapHyletic group (grade) comprising tHree clades (~175 spp. total) • Amborellaceae – includes only one species Amborella trichopoda • NympHaeales – includes NympHaeaceae • Austrobaileyales – includes 3 families: ScHisandraceae (including tHe former Illiciaceae – star-anise), Trimeniaceae, and Austrobaileyaceae • mostly tropical and subtropical plants tHat Have retained many ancestral cHaracter states • Nymphaeaceae (water-lily family) • 3 genera, 58 spp. • distributed widely in aquatic habitats • herbaceous • leaves - simple; variously arranged; peltate or subpeltate • rHizomatous • flowers • actinomorpHic • sepals 4-12 • petals usually many; intergrades witH stamens • stamens usually many; often laminar • pistil usually compound (usually many carpels); ovary superior or inferior • fruit: berry or capsule Magnoliids • clade comprising four orders (~10,000 spp. total, 3.3% of angiosperms) • mostly tropical, subtropical, and warm-temperate plants tHat Have retained many ancestral character states • ethereal oils (aromatic terpenoids) common, giving plants a "primitive odor" (also found in Austrobaileyales); function as defense against herbivores • otHer important families include Annonaceae (cHerimoya, soursop, pawpaw), Myristacaceae (nutmeg), Lauraceae (bay laurel), and Piperaceae (black pepper) • Magnoliaceae (magnolia family) • 2 genera, 227 spp. • distributed in eastern Asia, eastern NortH America, and tropical SoutH America • woody (mostly trees) • leaves - simple; alternate; sheathing stipule • flowers • actinomorpHic • tepals 6 to many • stamens many, laminar • pistils simple, many; ovary superior • elongate receptacle • fruit: aggregate of follicles (Magnolia) or samaras (Liriodenderon) Week 4 – Thursday Eudicots/Tricolpates • includes ~75% of angiosperms • shared traits • tricolpate pollen (3 apertures/openings) § ancestral state is monosulcate pollen (1 aperture), found in most angiosperms outside tHe eudicots • perianth differentiated into sepals and petals • perianth organs in whorls, rather than spirally arranged • stamens differentiated into antHer and filament • periantH organs in multiples of four or five (4- or 5-merous) "Basal eudicots" • parapHyletic group comprising about four orders • otHer important families include Papaveraceae (poppy), Berberidaceae (barberry, Oregon grape), Proteaceae (protea), and Platanaceae (sycamore) • Ranunculaceae (buttercup family) • 62 genera, 2525 spp. • distributed widely, especially diverse in the nortHern temperate zone • usually herbaceous; some vines and sHrubs • leaves – simple or compound, margin often tootHed; variously arranged; usually no stipules • flowers • actinomorpHic or zygomorpHic • sepals usually 5, often showy • petals usually 5 • stamens many • pistils simple, usually several to many; ovary superior • fruit: aggregate of follicles, achenes, or berries • includes PNW wildflowers (Aquilegia spp. - columbine, Delphinium spp. - larkspur, Anemone spp., etc.) and ornamentals (Helleborus spp. – Lenten rose, Clematis spp., etc.) Core eudicots • morpHologically Heterogeneous clade Saxifragales • basally fused carpels common • HypantHium common • otHer important families include Hamamelidaceae (witcH-hazel), Paeoniaceae (peony), and Grossulariaceae (currant) • Saxifragaceae (saxifrage family) • 33 genera, 600 spp. • distributed in nortHern temperate zone and adjacent montane areas; especially diverse in western NortH America • herbaceous • leaves – simple or compound; often basal or alternate; usually no stipules • flowers • usually actinomorpHic, some zygomorpHic • hypanthium (usually cup-sHaped structure formed by fusion of base of sepals, petals, and stamens) • sepals usually 5 • petals usually 5 • stamens 5 or 10 • pistils simple, usually 2, basally fused; or compound (usually 2 carpels); amount of fusion at carpel base varies; ovary superior to inferior • fruit: 2 follicles or septicidal capsule • includes PNW wildflowers (Tellima grandiflora - fringecup, Micranthes spp. - saxifrages, Heuchera spp. - alumroot, etc.) and ornamentals (Astilbe spp., Heuchera spp., etc.) • Crassulaceae (stonecrop family) • 34 genera, 1400 spp. • distributed widely, usually in arid habitats • herbaceous or shrubby; succulent (leaves and stems tHickened and flesHy to store water) • crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM) – a form of pHotosyntHesis in wHicH stomata open and allow carbon dioxide to be fixed at night and fixed carbon is converted to sugars using sunligHt during tHe day. THus, stomata can remain closed during tHe day to reduce water loss. • leaves - simple; variously arranged • flowers • actinomorpHic • sepals 4 or 5 • petals 4 or 5 • stamens 4, 5, 8, or 10 • pistil simple, 4 or 5, basally fused; or compound (4-5 carpels); amount of fusion at carpel base varies; ovary superior • fruit: aggregate of follicles • includes PNW wildflowers (Sedum spp. – stonecrops) and ornamentals (Crassula ovata – jade plant, Kalanchoe spp., etc.) Wind-pollinated woody plants • Common traits: • flowers do not attract animal pollinators • reduced or no
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Astilbe Chinensis 'Visions'
    cultureconnection perennial solutions Astilbe chinensis ‘Visions’ This deer-resistant variety also attracts hummingbirds and can be utilized in your marketing programs. stilbes are very erect to arching, plume-like flower during the spring or fall. For By Paul Pilon popular shade panicles that rise above the foliage quart production, a crown con- and woodland on slender upright stems. Astilbe sisting of 1-2 eyes, or shoots, is garden perenni- chinensis ‘Visions’ is a showy culti- commonly used. For larger con- als. They form var that forms compact foliage tainers, such as a 1-gal., divisions beautiful mounds of fern-like mounds with green to bronze- containing 2-3 eyes are commonly foliage bearing tiny flowers on green glossy leaves reaching 9-12 used. In most cases, container inches high. Flowering occurs in growers do not propagate astilbe early summer, forming pyramidal- cultivars; rather, they purchase A shaped 14- to 16-inch-tall plumes bareroot divisions or large plug full of small, fragrant, raspberry- liners from growers who special- red flowers. Astilbes are often ize in astilbe propagation. used for cut flowers, as container ‘Visions’ is not a patented culti- items, in mass plantings or small var and can be propagated by any groups, as border plants and as grower. There are two fairly new groundcovers in shade gardens. introductions with the Visions ‘Visions’ can be easily produced name, ‘Vision in Pink’ and ‘Vision in average, medium-wet, well- in Red’; these are patented culti- drained soils across USDA vars. Growers should note that Hardiness Zones 4-9 and AHS unlicensed propagation of these Heat Zones 8-2.
    [Show full text]
  • West-Side Prairies & Woodlands
    Washington State Natural Regions Beyond the Treeline: Beyond the Forested Ecosystems: Prairies, Alpine & Drylands WA Dept. of Natural Resources 1998 West-side Prairies & Woodlands Oak Woodland & Prairie Ecosystems West-side Oak Woodland & Prairie Ecosystems in Grey San Juan Island Prairies 1. South Puget Sound prairies & oak woodlands 2. Island / Peninsula coastal prairies & woodlands Olympic Peninsula 3. Rocky balds Prairies South Puget Prairies WA GAP Analysis project 1996 Oak Woodland & Prairie Ecosystems San Juan West-side Island South Puget Sound Prairie Ecosystems Oak Woodland & Prairie Prairies Ecosystems in Grey Grasslands dominated by Olympic • Grasses Peninsula Herbs Prairies • • Bracken fern South • Mosses & lichens Puget Prairies With scattered shrubs Camas (Camassia quamash) WA GAP Analysis project 1996 •1 South Puget Sound Prairie Ecosystems South Puget Sound Prairie Ecosystems Mounded prairie Some of these are “mounded” prairies Mima Mounds Research Natural Area South Puget Sound Prairie Ecosystems South Puget Sound Prairie Ecosystems Scattered shrubs Lichen mats in the prairie Serviceberry Cascara South Puget Sound Prairie Ecosystems South Puget Sound Prairie Ecosystems As unique ecosystems they provide habitat for unique plants As unique ecosystems they provide habitat for unique critters Camas (Camassia quamash) Mazama Pocket Gopher Golden paintbrush Many unique species of butterflies (Castilleja levisecta) (this is an Anise Swallowtail) Photos from Dunn & Ewing (1997) •2 South Puget Sound Prairie Ecosystems Fire is
    [Show full text]
  • Morphological, Anatomical, and Taxonomic Studies in Anomochloa and Streptochaeta (Poaceae: Bambusoideae)
    SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO BOTANY NUMBER 68 Morphological, Anatomical, and Taxonomic Studies in Anomochloa and Streptochaeta (Poaceae: Bambusoideae) Emmet J. Judziewicz and Thomas R. Soderstrom SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION PRESS Washington, D.C. 1989 ABSTRACT Judziewicz, Emmet J., and Thomas R. Soderstrom. Morphological, Anatomical, and Taxonomic Studies in Anomochloa and Streptochaeta (Poaceae: Bambusoideae). Smithsonian Contributions to Botany, number 68,52 pages, 24 figures, 1 table, 1989.-Although resembling the core group of the bambusoid grasses in many features of leaf anatomy, the Neotropical rainforest grass genera Anomochloa and Streptochaeta share characters that are unusual in the subfamily: lack of ligules, exceptionally long microhairs with an unusual morphology, a distinctive leaf blade midrib structure, and 5-nerved coleoptiles. Both genera also possess inflorescences that are difficult to interpret in conventional agrostological terms. Anomochloa is monotypic, and A. marantoidea, described in 1851 by Adolphe Brongniart from cultivated material of uncertain provenance, was rediscovered in 1976 in the wet forests of coastal Bahia, Brazil. The inflorescence terminates in a spikelet and bears along its rachis several scorpioid cyme-like partial inflorescences. Each axis of a partial inflorescence is subtended by a keeled bract and bears as its first appendages two tiny, unvascularized bracteoles attached at slightly different levels. The spikelets are composed of an axis that bears two bracts and terminates in a flower. The lower, chlorophyllous, deciduous spikelet bract is separated from the coriaceous, persistent, corniculate upper bract by a cylindrical, indurate internode. The flower consists of a low membrane surmounted by a dense ring of brown cilia (perigonate annulus) surrounding the andrecium of four stamens, and an ovary bearing a single hispid stigma.
    [Show full text]
  • Plant Anatomy Lab 13 – Seeds and Fruits
    Plant Anatomy Lab 13 – Seeds and Fruits In this (final) lab, you will be observing the structure of seeds of gymnosperms and angiosperms and the fruits of angiosperms. Much of the work will be done with a dissecting microscope, but a few prepared slides will also be used. A set of photocopied images from the plant anatomy atlas will be available as a handout. You can use the handout to help you identify the various structures we will be looking at in seeds and fruits. Also, a fruit key is available as a separate handout. Remember that we will be considering only a small fraction of the structural diversity present among seeds of gymnosperms and the seeds and fruits of angiosperms. Seeds Gymnosperms Obtain a prepared slide of an immature pine ovule and of a mature pine ovule. You will be able to tell them apart from the following observations. • Looking at the immature ovule, you will see a megagametophyte with one or more archegonia at the end near the micropyle. The egg inside may or may not have been fertilized. • Also find the nucellus and integument tissues. Next look at a slide of a mature ovule. Instead of the megagametophyte, you will find a developing embryo. As part of this embryo, find the • cotyledons, • the radicle (embryonic root), and the • shoot apical meristem. Depending on its age, you may also notice procambial strands running between the embryonic root and the shoot apex. Points to consider: We might say that gymnosperms and angiosperms have seeds but only angiosperms have fruits - Why is that? Why don’t we consider the seed cone of a pine tree a fruit? Angiosperms Dicot Obtain a bean pod.
    [Show full text]
  • Planting Native Oak in the Pacific Northwest. Gen
    United States Department of Agriculture Planting Native Oak Forest Service in the Pacific Northwest Pacific Northwest Research Station Warren D. Devine and Constance A. Harrington General Technical Report PNW-GTR-804 February 2010 D E E P R A U R T LT MENT OF AGRICU The Forest Service of the U.S. Department of Agriculture is dedicated to the principle of multiple use management of the Nation’s forest resources for sustained yields of wood, water, forage, wildlife, and recreation. Through forestry research, cooperation with the States and private forest owners, and management of the National Forests and National Grasslands, it strives—as directed by Congress—to provide increasingly greater service to a growing Nation. The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) prohibits discrimination in all its programs and activities on the basis of race, color, national origin, age, disability, and where applicable, sex, marital status, familial status, parental status, religion, sexual orientation, genetic information, political beliefs, reprisal, or because all or part of an individual’s income is derived from any public assistance program. (Not all prohibited bases apply to all programs.) Persons with disabilities who require alternative means for communication of program information (Braille, large print, audiotape, etc.) should contact USDA’s TARGET Center at (202) 720-2600 (voice and TDD). To file a complaint of discrimination, write USDA, Director, Office of Civil Rights, 1400 Independence Avenue, SW, Washington, DC 20250-9410 or call (800) 795-3272 (voice) or (202) 720-6382 (TDD). USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. Pesticide Precautionary Statement This publication reports research involving pesticides.
    [Show full text]
  • Structure, Physical Characteristics, and Com- Position of the Pericarp and Integument of Johnson Grass Seed in Relation to Its Physiology 1
    STRUCTURE, PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS, AND COM- POSITION OF THE PERICARP AND INTEGUMENT OF JOHNSON GRASS SEED IN RELATION TO ITS PHYSIOLOGY 1 By GEORGE T. HARRINGTON, formerly Scientific Assistant, Seed-Testing Laboratories, and WILLIAM CROCKER, formerly Plant Physiologist, Drug Plant, Poisonous Plant, Physiological and Fermentation Investigations, Bureau of Plant Industry, United States Department of Agriculture. INTRODUCTION These investigations were undertaken in hope of explaining some fea- tures of the behavior of Johnson grass seeds during their initial dormancy, their period of after-ripening, and their germination. As has been shown elsewhere (15) ,2 Johnson grass seeds belong to that group whose well- matured embryos are never'appreciably dormant, the dormancy of the intact fruit being imposed by its outer, nonliving structures. These include (1) the closely adhering, hard, brittle scales, (2) the fused pericarp and inner integument. Removal of the former hastens the germination and increases the germination capacity of the caryopses, whether these are freshly gathered, are fully after-ripened, or are in process of after- ripening, but does not appreciably affect the rate of after-ripening. Furthermore, removal of the fused pericarp and integument by corrosion with concentrated sulphuric acid or even its removal over one side of the embryo by means of a sharp needle induces the complete germination within three or four days even of freshly gathered grains which, without such treatment, would scarcely germinate at all in weeks or months. It has also been shown (15, 16) that the germination of Johnson grass seeds is highly dependent upon the maintenance of alternating temper- atures, that this sensitiveness to temperature conditions disappears upon the removal of the seed coverings, and that certain chemical substances exert a stimulating action upon their germination, particularly after the removal of the caryopses from the inclosing scales.
    [Show full text]
  • Astilbe Thunbergii Reduces Postprandial Hyperglycemia in a Type 2 Diabetes Rat
    1 Author’s pre-print manuscript of the following article 2 3 Astilbe thunbergii reduces postprandial hyperglycemia in a type 2 diabetes rat 4 model via pancreatic alpha-amylase inhibition by highly condensed 5 procyanidins. 6 7 Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry, 2017, accepted. 8 Check the published version from the bellow link. 9 10 Taylers & Francis Online 11 DOI:10.1080/09168451.2017.1353403 12 http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/09168451.2017.1353403 13 14 15 1 16 E. Kato et al. 17 Anti-diabetic effect of Astilbe thunbergii 18 19 Research Article 20 Astilbe thunbergii reduces postprandial hyperglycemia in a type 2 diabetes 21 rat model via pancreatic alpha-amylase inhibition by highly condensed 22 procyanidins. 23 Eisuke Kato1*, Natsuka Kushibiki1, Yosuke Inagaki2, Mihoko Kurokawa2, Jun 24 Kawabata1 25 1Laboratory of Food Biochemistry, Division of Applied Bioscience, Graduate School 26 of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8589, Japan 27 2Q'sai Co., Ltd., Kusagae, Fukuoka, Fukuoka 810-8606, Japan 28 29 *Corresponding author 30 Tel/Fax: +81 11 706 2496; 31 E-mail address: [email protected] (E. Kato) 32 2 33 Abstract 34 Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a common global health problem. Prevention 35 of this disease is an important task, and functional food supplements are 36 considered an effective method. Astilbe thunbergii extract (AT) was found to be a 37 potent pancreatic α-amylase inhibitor. AT treatment in a T2DM rat model 38 reduced post-starch administration blood glucose levels. Activity-guided 39 isolation revealed procyanidin as the active component with IC50 = 1.7 µg/mL 40 against porcine pancreatic α-amylase.
    [Show full text]
  • Phylogeny of Rosids! ! Rosids! !
    Phylogeny of Rosids! Rosids! ! ! ! ! Eurosids I Eurosids II Vitaceae Saxifragales Eurosids I:! Eurosids II:! Zygophyllales! Brassicales! Celastrales! Malvales! Malpighiales! Sapindales! Oxalidales! Myrtales! Fabales! Geraniales! Rosales! Cucurbitales! Fagales! After Jansen et al., 2007, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 104: 19369-19374! Phylogeny of Rosids! Rosids! ! ! ! ! Eurosids I Eurosids II Vitaceae Saxifragales Eurosids I:! Eurosids II:! Zygophyllales! Brassicales! Celastrales! Malvales! Malpighiales! Sapindales! Oxalidales! Myrtales! Fabales! Geraniales! Rosales! Cucurbitales! Fagales! After Jansen et al., 2007, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 104: 19369-19374! Alnus - alders A. rubra A. rhombifolia A. incana ssp. tenuifolia Alnus - alders Nitrogen fixation - symbiotic with the nitrogen fixing bacteria Frankia Alnus rubra - red alder Alnus rhombifolia - white alder Alnus incana ssp. tenuifolia - thinleaf alder Corylus cornuta - beaked hazel Carpinus caroliniana - American hornbeam Ostrya virginiana - eastern hophornbeam Phylogeny of Rosids! Rosids! ! ! ! ! Eurosids I Eurosids II Vitaceae Saxifragales Eurosids I:! Eurosids II:! Zygophyllales! Brassicales! Celastrales! Malvales! Malpighiales! Sapindales! Oxalidales! Myrtales! Fabales! Geraniales! Rosales! Cucurbitales! Fagales! After Jansen et al., 2007, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 104: 19369-19374! Fagaceae (Beech or Oak family) ! Fagaceae - 9 genera/900 species.! Trees or shrubs, mostly northern hemisphere, temperate region ! Leaves simple, alternate; often lobed, entire or serrate, deciduous
    [Show full text]
  • Heritage Trees of Portland
    Heritage Trees of Portland OREGON WHITE OAK (Quercus garryana) FAGACEAE z Native from southern B.C. to central California. z Height can be greater than 150'. z Leaves very dark green, leathery, 5-7 rounded lobes; brown leaves remain well into winter. z Acorns 1" long, ovoid, cup is shallow. z Somewhat common in Portland; a few 150-200 yr olds saved from development. #19 is perhaps the largest in the city. #179 was saved from developer’s ax in 1998. 4 Oregon white oak (Quercus garryana) 2137 SE 32nd Pl* H 40, S 80, C 14.7 8 Oregon white oak (Quercus garryana) 7168 N. Olin H 80, S 96, C 15.17 10 Oregon white oak (Quercus garryana) NW 23rd & Overton* H 80, S 86, C 14.33 19 Oregon white oak (Quercus garryana) 1815 N. Humboldt* H 80, S 97, C 20.08 21 Oregon white oak (Quercus garryana) 1224 SE Sellwood* H 65, S 78, C 15.83 23 Oregon white oak (Quercus garryana) 825 SE Miller* H 80, S 75, C 15.33 27 Oregon white oak (Quercus garryana) 5000 N. Willamette Blvd*, University of Portland H 50, S 90, C 13.75 71 Oregon white oak (Quercus garryana) 9107 N. Richmond* H 80, S 75, C 15.5 75 Oregon white oak (Quercus garryana) 4620 SW 29th Pl* H 60, S 100, C 16 141 Oregon white oak (Quercus garryana) 4825 SW Dosch Park Ln* 142 Oregon white oak (Quercus garryana) 4825 SW Dosch Park Ln* H 73-120, S 64-100, C 12-12.4 143 Oregon white oak (Quercus garryana) 4825 SW Dosch Park Ln* 157 Oregon white oak (Quercus garryana) SW Patton Rd, Portland Heights Park H 87, S 94, C 17 171 Oregon white oak (Quercus garryana) SW Macadam & Nevada, Willamette Park H 102, S 72, C 17 179 Oregon white oak (Quercus garryana) SW Corbett & Lane, Corbett Oak Park H 73, S 73, C 13.3 198 Oregon white oak (Quercus garryana) 199 200 7654 N.
    [Show full text]
  • Acorn Planting
    Oak Harbor Garry Oak (Quercus garryana) Acorn Planting 10/09/14 by Brad Gluth Acorn Acquisition 1) Garry oak acorns have to be collected and planted in the Autumn that they are shed from the trees unless stored in refrigeration. 2) Gather acorns from beneath local trees only. Oaks hybridize easily and we are trying to preserve the genetics of the local trees. Acorn Selection 3) Float test the acorns. Place the acorns in a container of water. Remove and discard those that float. This is a density test and the floating acorns have been compromised through pests or other causes. Select the largest acorns from those that sank for planting. The larger acorns have more vigorous seedling growth. 4) Do not allow the acorns to dry out. It is best to not store them indoors. Planting Containers 5) Pots should be a minimum of 10” deep with drain holes. (Garry oaks quickly develop a deep tap root of up to 10” in the first season.) Soil Mix 6) The soil mix should be a well-draining mix. Sand mixed with potting soil works well. Planting 7) Soak acorns in water for 5 to 10 minutes prior to planting. 8) Plant 2-3 of the largest acorns on their side in each pot. Cover each acorn with about 1/4” of soil. (If more than one acorn germinates, the seedlings can be thinned, or separated from the pots for replanting.) 9) After planting, 1” of mulch should be placed on top of the soil. If available, oak leaf mulch is recommended.
    [Show full text]
  • 2021 Wholesale Catalog Pinewood Perennial Gardens Table of Contents
    2021 Wholesale Catalog Pinewood Perennial Gardens Table of Contents In Our Catalog ........................................................................................................................................2 Quart Program ........................................................................................................................................3 Directions ..............................................................................................................................................3 New Plants for 2021 ...............................................................................................................................4 Native Plants Offered for Sale ..................................................................................................................4 L.I. Gold Medal Plant Program .................................................................................................................5 Characteristics Table ..........................................................................................................................6-10 Descriptions of Plants Achillea to Astilboides .........................................................................................................11-14 Baptisia to Crocosmia ..........................................................................................................14-16 Delosperma to Eupatorium ...................................................................................................16-18 Gaillardia to Helleborus
    [Show full text]
  • KEY to FRUIT TYPES 1A. Fruit Derived from Several Ovaries of One Or More Flowers 2A. Fruit Arising from the Several Ovaries of A
    KEY to FRUIT TYPES 1a. Fruit derived from several ovaries of one or more flowers 2a. Fruit arising from the several ovaries of as many flowers (examples: pineapple, mulberry) MULTIPLE FRUIT 2b. Fruit arising from the coalescence of several ripened ovaries of one flower (example: raspberry, blackberry) AGGREGATE FRUIT 1b. Fruit derived from a single ovary (simple or compound) 3a. Fruit fleshy or juicy when ripe 4a. Ovary wall of fruit (or pericarp) entirely or in part fleshy 5a. Fruit indehiscent 6a. Ovary wall entirely fleshy (examples: tomato, cranberry, grape, currant, banana, melon [pepo], and citrus fruit [hesperidium]) BERRY 6b. Ovary wall of three distinct layers, the inner one bony (endocarp), the middle fleshy (mesocarp), and the outer "skin- like" (exocarp) (examples: peach, plum, cherry) DRUPE 5b. Fruit dehiscent 7a. Fruit derived from one carpel FOLLICLE 7b. Fruit derived from a compound gynoecium CAPSULE 4b. Ovary wall (e.g., the outer layer of an apple 'core') of fruit papery, surrounded by a fleshy material that represents the coalescent parts of the stamens, petals, sepals, and (some believe) receptacle (examples: apple, pear, quince) POME 3b. Fruit typically dry and usually hardened when ripe 8a. Fruit indehiscent (does not open or dehisce when mature), generally with one seed 9a. Ovary wall of varying thickness, usually not bony 10a. Fruit not winged (examples: buttercup, 'seeds' of strawberry, sunflower family, sedges, grasses [ovary wall adherent to and surrounding seed, may be called caryopsis or grain]) ACHENE 10b. Fruit winged (examples: elm, tulip tree) SAMARA 9b. Ovary wall hardened and bony 11a. Fruit usually > 5mm long (examples: oak, chestnut, hazelnut) NUT 11b.
    [Show full text]